WO2021203542A1 - 一种冷速稳定的超速光亮淬火油 - Google Patents

一种冷速稳定的超速光亮淬火油 Download PDF

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WO2021203542A1
WO2021203542A1 PCT/CN2020/093948 CN2020093948W WO2021203542A1 WO 2021203542 A1 WO2021203542 A1 WO 2021203542A1 CN 2020093948 W CN2020093948 W CN 2020093948W WO 2021203542 A1 WO2021203542 A1 WO 2021203542A1
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quenching oil
oil
antioxidant
ultra
cooling rate
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PCT/CN2020/093948
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English (en)
French (fr)
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余瀚森
朱国靖
左永平
聂晓霖
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南京科润工业介质股份有限公司
南京科润新材料技术有限公司
南京科润工业技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2021203542A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021203542A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
    • C21D1/58—Oils

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an ultra-fast bright quenching oil with stable cooling rate, which belongs to the technical field of metal processing oils.
  • Quenching is an important process in the heat treatment process. Through quenching treatment, various performance indicators of metal materials can be greatly improved, and the potential of metal materials can be fully utilized to meet the requirements of various product parts for metal materials. During the quenching process, due to improper handling, the metallographic structure or mechanical performance indicators often fail to meet the requirements, and defects such as soft spots, deformation, and cracking may also occur. The occurrence of these defects is not only related to the material composition, original state, shape and size, heating process, heat treatment equipment and other factors of the workpiece, but also closely related to the quenching medium and cooling method selected during quenching and cooling. There are many types of quenching media, among which quenching oil is the most widely used.
  • the hardenability of steel refers to the ability to obtain the depth of the hardened layer during quenching, and it indicates the ability of the steel to undergo quenching after austenitization.
  • the hardenability of steel is determined by the composition of the material, such as carbon content and alloying elements. Under specified conditions, it determines the characteristics of the hardening depth and hardness distribution of the steel. That is, the ability to obtain the depth of the hardened layer when the steel is quenched.
  • Some thick, large or poor hardenability workpieces often have problems such as soft spots, low hardness, and insufficient hardening layer depth when they are quenched with ordinary quenching oil.
  • the prior art is to add a high-temperature refrigerant and a low-temperature refrigerant to the low-viscosity base oil to improve the cooling effect of the quenching oil, so as to achieve sufficient hardness and hardened layer depth.
  • the cooling performance changes significantly within a short time.
  • the low-viscosity quenching oil is prone to aging during the quenching process, generating carbon black and oxidation products, which will cause the quenched workpiece Blue, black and other phenomena appear.
  • the present invention provides an ultra-fast bright quenching oil with stable cooling rate.
  • the quenching oil can effectively alleviate the aging problem of the quenching oil by adjusting the composition of the base oil, and at the same time by compounding the entire additive system , So that the quenching oil has good cooling performance, brightness and thermal oxidation stability.
  • An ultra-fast bright quenching oil with stable cooling rate which is mixed with the following components by weight percentage: base oil 78 ⁇ 90%, antioxidant 0.5 ⁇ 2%, auxiliary antioxidant 0.1 ⁇ 0.5%, high temperature accelerating cooling 5 ⁇ 8% of low temperature refrigerant, 0.5 ⁇ 2% of brightener, 1.5 ⁇ 5% of brightener, 1 ⁇ 3% of auxiliary dispersant and 1 ⁇ 2% of rust inhibitor; wherein the content of saturated hydrocarbons in the base oil is ⁇ 95 %.
  • the base oil used in the quenching oil of the present invention has a kinematic viscosity of 5-10 mm 2 /s at 40°C; it is a mixture of various compositions in mineral base oil; the viscosity index of the base oil is ⁇ 110, flash point ⁇ 170°C, and The 5% distillation temperature of the oil is ⁇ 300°C, and the 50% distillation temperature is ⁇ 450°C.
  • the viscosity range of the base oil of the quenching oil of the present invention is selected to provide better cooling effect and at the same time facilitate the subsequent cleaning process. It defines the saturated hydrocarbon content, viscosity index and flash point of the base oil, and is to ensure the super-speed bright quenching oil While having better oxidation stability, by controlling the composition of the base oil, the distillation temperature of the low-boiling point and high-boiling point base oil in the mixed oil is controlled to improve the uniformity of the quenched workpieces and the stability performance is good.
  • the antioxidant is a mixture of phenolic antioxidants, amine antioxidants and metal deactivators in a mixing mass ratio of 1:4:0.5 ⁇ 0.75; wherein, the phenolic antioxidants are 3,5 -Di-tert-butyl-4 hydroxyphenyl propionate; amine-type antioxidant is dinonyldiphenylamine; metal deactivator is thiadiazole derivative T561.
  • the three components in the antioxidant can fully exert a synergistic effect and improve the anti-oxidation performance of the oil.
  • the mass ratio is too high (based on phenolic antioxidants, the ratio of amine antioxidants is less than 4 or the ratio of metal deactivators is less than 0.5), it cannot provide sufficient high-temperature antioxidants and cannot provide During the quenching process, the anti-oxidation requirements of the quenching oil at a higher temperature of the workpiece; when the quality ratio is too low (based on phenolic antioxidants, the ratio of amine antioxidants is higher than 4 or the ratio of metal deactivators is higher than 0.75 It cannot provide sufficient low-temperature antioxidant effect, and cannot guarantee the anti-oxidation requirements under the normal use temperature of the quenching oil tank; on the basis of the antioxidant, a supplementary antioxidant can be added to improve the anti-oxidation performance of the oil. , Reduce the adsorption of aging products on the surface of the quenched workpiece, thereby improving the quenching brightness.
  • the auxiliary antioxidant is one of zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate, molybdenum dialkyl dithiophosphate, antimony dialkyl dithiophosphate or phosphorothioate antioxidants.
  • the high-temperature refrigerant is polyisobutylene.
  • the polyisobutylene is a mixture of PIB450, PIB1300 and PIB2400; wherein, in the mixture, the mass percentage of PIB450 is 10%-20%, and the mass percentage of PIB2400 is 15%-30%.
  • the quenching oil of the present invention selects polyisobutylene composites with different molecular weights as high-temperature refrigerants, which can not only form sufficient adsorption film on the surface of the workpiece, improve the heat transfer coefficient of the quenching medium, but also has good cooling performance stability and relatively long cooling rate changes under long-term use. small.
  • the low-temperature refrigerant is an anionic surfactant
  • the TBN value of the anionic surfactant is less than or equal to 200 mgKOH/g.
  • the anionic surfactant is at least one of petroleum sulfonate, synthetic sulfonate or naphthenate.
  • the low-temperature refrigerant of the present invention selects the TBN value of the anionic surfactant not to exceed 200mgKOH/g, which is to ensure that while providing better low-temperature cooling performance, it reduces the impact on the vapor film stage, so that the quenching oil has a faster Cooling effect.
  • the brightener is oleoyl sarcosinate.
  • the auxiliary dispersant is a polymer polyisobutylene succinimide; wherein, the mass percentage of N in the polyisobutylene succinimide is ⁇ 2%.
  • the quenching oil of the present invention selects oleoyl sarcosinate as the brightener, and is compounded with polymer polyisobutylene succinimide and the N content (mass fraction) ⁇ 2% as the auxiliary dispersant, which can better reduce the base oil
  • the effect of aging products and carbon black on the surface of quenched workpieces (the resulting aging products are easy to adhere to the high-temperature workpieces at high temperatures and decompose due to the high temperature), thereby improving the brightness of the quenching oil, and can also make the quenching oil Has good anti-emulsification properties, thereby prolonging the service life of quenching oil.
  • the rust inhibitor is sodium heavy alkylbenzene sulfonate.
  • the ultra-fast bright quenching oil with stable cooling rate of the present invention adopts a reasonable ratio of low-boiling point and high-boiling point base oils, and is matched with a specific ratio of antioxidant composition, which can make the oil have good thermal oxidation stability, thereby improving its quenching
  • the bright effect and uniformity of quenching state through the reasonable combination of high and low temperature refrigerants, sufficient adsorption film can be formed on the surface of the workpiece, thereby increasing the cooling rate of the quenching oil, and the cooling performance is stable, and under long-term use
  • the cooling rate has a small change;
  • the quenching oil of the present invention has excellent cooling rate stability and tolerance through a reasonable compound additive formula, can adapt to a more severe quenching working environment, and has good anti-emulsification performance, easy cleaning, and Broad market application prospects.
  • the quenching oil of the invention is used below 80°C, has good cooling performance stability at high and low temperatures, can maintain a high cooling rate for a long
  • the ultra-fast bright quenching oil with stable cooling rate of the present invention is composed of the following components by weight percentage:
  • Example 1 The quenching oil was prepared by the following method:
  • step (1) add thiadiazole derivative T561, synthetic sulfonate, oleoyl sarcosinate and sodium heavy alkyl benzene sulfonate in order to the mixture material in step (1).
  • the ultra-fast bright quenching oil with stable cooling rate of the present invention is composed of the following components by weight percentage:
  • the preparation method of the quenching oil of Example 2 is the same as that of Example 1.
  • the ultra-fast bright quenching oil with stable cooling rate of the present invention is composed of the following components by weight percentage:
  • Refined mineral oil (40°C kinematic viscosity 7mm 2 /s, saturated hydrocarbon content 100%, viscosity index 130, flash point 180°C) 84.5%, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4 hydroxyphenyl propionate 0.2%, Dinonyl diphenylamine 0.8%, thiadiazole derivative T561 0.1%, dialkyl molybdenum dithiophosphate 0.4%, polyisobutylene (PIB450 mass fraction 15%, PIB1300 mass fraction 65%, PIB2400 mass fraction 20%) 6 %, synthetic sulfonate (TBN value 200mgKOH/g) 1.5%, oleoyl sarcosinate 3%, polyisobutylene succinimide 2%, sodium heavy alkylbenzene sulfonate 1.5%.
  • Example 3 The preparation method of the quenching oil in Example 3 is the same as that in Example 1.
  • the ultra-fast bright quenching oil with stable cooling rate of the present invention is composed of the following components by weight percentage:
  • the preparation method of the quenching oil of Example 4 is the same as that of Example 1.
  • a quenching oil composed of the following components by weight percentage:
  • a quenching oil composed of the following weight percentages
  • Table 1 shows the test data of physical and chemical properties of quenching oil in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2
  • the quenching oil of Example 1 effectively alleviates the problem of quenching oil aging by adjusting the composition of the base oil, and at the same time, it is compounded by selecting polyisobutylenes of different molecular weights.
  • the limit on the TBN value of anionic surfactants enables the quenching oil obtained to extend the use requirements of low-viscosity quenching oil for quenching workpieces (by alleviating the effect of quenching oil aging), thereby improving the brightening effect during quenching.
  • the quenching oil of Example 1 has good cooling performance at high and low temperatures, and takes into account the oil-water separation performance, thereby reducing the emulsification of the quenching oil during the cleaning process of the quenched workpiece.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种冷速稳定的超速光亮淬火油，由如下重量百分比的组分混制而成：基础油78~90%、抗氧剂0.5~2%、辅助抗氧剂0.1~0.5%、高温催冷剂5~8%、低温催冷剂0.5~2%、光亮剂1.5~5%、辅助分散剂1~3%和防锈剂1~2%；其中，所述基础油中饱和烃含量≥95%，粘度指数≥110，闪点≥170℃。本发明淬火油具有优异的冷却性能、光亮性和热氧化稳定性；高、低温冷却性能稳定性优良，能够长期保持较高的冷却速度。

Description

一种冷速稳定的超速光亮淬火油 技术领域
本发明涉及一种冷速稳定的超速光亮淬火油，属于金属加工油技术领域。
 背景技术
淬火是热处理工艺中的一道重要工序，通过淬火处理可以使金属材料的各项性能指标得到很大改善，充分发挥金属材料的潜力，以满足各种产品零件对金属材料的要求。工件在淬火过程中，由于处理不当，往往会发生金相组织或机械性能指标达不到要求的问题，也可能会出现软点、变形、开裂等缺陷。这些缺陷的产生，除了与工件的材质成分、原始状态、形状尺寸、加热工艺、热处理设备等因素有关系，也与淬火冷却时所选用的淬火介质及冷却方法有密切的关系。淬火介质的种类有很多，其中淬火油应用最为广泛。
钢的淬透性是指淬火时得到淬硬层深度大小的能力，它表示钢经奥氏体化后接受淬火的能力。钢的淬透性由材料的成分决定，如含碳量、合金元素，在规定条件下，决定钢材淬硬深度和硬度分布的特性。即钢淬火时得到淬硬层深度大小的能力。一些厚、大型或者淬透性差的工件在使用普通淬火油淬火时，往往会出现软点、硬度偏低、硬化层深度不够等问题。为了解决这一问题，现有技术是采用在低粘度基础油中加入高温催冷剂和低温催冷剂复配使用，提升淬火油的冷却效果，从而达到足够的硬度和硬化层深度的。但是由于添加剂体系的不稳定性，导致冷却性能在短时间以内就发生较大的变化，而且低粘度淬火油在淬火过程中极易发生老化，生成炭黑和氧化产物，会使得淬火后的工件出现发蓝、发黑等现象。
 技术问题
为解决现有技术中的问题，本发明提供一种冷速稳定的超速光亮淬火油，该淬火油通过调整基础油的组成成分，有效缓解了淬火油老化的问题，同时通过复配整个添加剂体系，使淬火油具有良好的冷却性能、光亮性和热氧化稳定性。
 技术解决方案
为解决上述问题，本发明所采用的技术方案为：
一种冷速稳定的超速光亮淬火油，由如下重量百分比的组分混制而成：基础油78~90%、抗氧剂0.5~2%、辅助抗氧剂0.1~0.5%、高温催冷剂5~8%、低温催冷剂0.5~2%、光亮剂1.5~5%、辅助分散剂1~3%和防锈剂1~2%；其中，所述基础油中饱和烃含量≥95%。
本发明淬火油所使用的基础油在40℃的运动粘度在5~10mm 2/s；其为矿物基础油中多种组成的混合物；基础油的粘度指数≥110，闪点≥170℃，基础油的5%馏出温度≥300℃，50%馏出温度≥450℃。
本发明淬火油的基础油选取该粘度范围是为了提供更好的冷却效果，同时有利于后道清洗工序，界定了基础油中饱和烃含量和粘度指数及闪点，是为了保证超速光亮淬火油具有更好的氧化安定性的同时，通过控制基础油的组分控制混合油中低沸点和高沸点基础油的馏出温度，提高淬火态工件的均匀性，稳定性能好。
其中，所述抗氧剂为酚型抗氧剂、胺型抗氧剂和金属减活剂按混合质量比1:4:0.5~0.75组成的混合物；其中，酚型抗氧剂为3,5-二叔丁基-4羟基苯基丙酸酯；胺型抗氧剂为二壬基二苯胺；金属减活剂为噻二唑衍生物T561。
抗氧剂中的三种组分能够充分发挥协同作用，提高油品的抗氧化性能。当质量比过高时（以酚类抗氧剂为基准，胺类抗氧剂低于4的比例或者金属减活剂低于0.5的比例时），不能提供足够的高温抗氧作用，无法提供工件在淬火过程中淬火油更高温度的抗氧化要求；质量比过低时（以酚类抗氧剂为基准，胺类抗氧剂高于4的比例或者金属减活剂高于0.75的比例时），不能提供足够的低温抗氧作用，无法保证淬火油槽常规使用温度下的抗氧化要求；在抗氧剂的基础上另复配辅助抗氧剂，能够在提高油品抗氧化性能的同时，减少老化产物在淬火态工件表面的吸附，从而提高淬火光亮性。
其中，所述辅助抗氧剂为二烷基二硫代磷酸锌、二烷基二硫代磷酸钼、二烷基二硫代磷酸锑或硫代磷酸酯类抗氧剂中一种。
其中，所述高温催冷剂为聚异丁烯。
其中，所述聚异丁烯为PIB450、PIB1300和PIB2400的混合物；其中，混合物中，PIB450的质量百分含量为10%~20%，PIB2400的质量百分含量为15%~30%。
本发明淬火油选择不同分子量的聚异丁烯复合作为高温催冷剂，不仅能够在工件表面形成足够的吸附膜，提高淬火介质的传热系数，而且冷却性能稳定性好，长期使用下冷速变化较小。
其中，所述低温催冷剂为阴离子表面活性剂，所述阴离子表面活性剂的TBN值≤200mgKOH/g。
其中，所述阴离子表面活性剂为石油磺酸盐、合成磺酸盐或环烷酸盐中的至少一种。
本发明低温催冷剂选择阴离子表面活性剂的TBN值不超过200mgKOH/g，是为了保证在提供较好的低温冷却性能的同时，降低对蒸汽膜阶段的影响，从而使淬火油具有更快的冷却效果。
其中，所述光亮剂为油酰肌氨酸盐。
其中，所述辅助分散剂为高分子聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺；其中，聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺中N质量百分含量≥2%。
本发明淬火油选择油酰肌氨酸盐作为光亮剂，并复配高分子聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺且N含量（质量分数）≥2%作为辅助分散剂，能更好地降低基础油的老化产物以及炭黑对淬火工件表面的影响（生成的老化产物在高温时易依附在高温的工件上，由于温度过高，从而分解），从而提高淬火油的光亮性，并且还能使淬火油具有良好的抗乳化性能，从而延长淬火油的使用寿命。
其中，所述防锈剂为重烷基苯磺酸钠。
 有益效果
本发明冷速稳定的超速光亮淬火油采用低沸点和高沸点基础油的合理配比，并搭配特定比例的抗氧剂组合物，能够使油品具有良好的热氧化稳定性，从而提高其淬火时的光亮效果和淬火态均匀性；通过高、低温催冷剂的合理复配，能够在工件表面形成足够的吸附膜，从而提高淬火油的冷却速度，而且冷却性能稳定性好，长期使用下冷速变化小；本发明的淬火油通过合理的复配添加剂配方，具有优异的冷速稳定性和耐受性，能够适应更为恶劣的淬火工作环境，并且抗乳化性能良好，易清洗，具有广泛的市场应用前景。本发明淬火油在80℃以下使用，在高、低温冷却性能稳定性好，能够长期保持较高的冷却速度，同时还具有优异的抗氧化性能。
 本发明的实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明的技术方案作进一步阐述。
以下实施例与对比例采用的原料均从市场上购买得到。
实施例1
本发明冷速稳定的超速光亮淬火油，由如下重量百分比的组分组成：
精制矿物油（40℃运动粘度10mm 2/s，饱和烃含量95%，粘度指数110，闪点170℃）90%、3,5-二叔丁基-4羟基苯基丙酸酯0.1%、二壬基二苯胺0.4%、噻二唑衍生物T561 0.05%、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌0.1%、聚异丁烯（PIB450质量分数10%、PIB1300质量分数75%、PIB2400质量分数15%）5%、合成磺酸盐（TBN值100mgKOH/g）0.85%、油酰肌氨酸盐1.5%、聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺1%以及重烷基苯磺酸钠1%。
实施例1淬火油采用如下方法制备而成：
（1）将配方量的精制矿物油与3,5-二叔丁基-4羟基苯基丙酸酯、二壬基二苯胺、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌、聚异丁烯依次加入反应釜中混合，搅拌均匀后再加入配方量的聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺；
（2）往步骤（1）混合物料中依次加入配方量的噻二唑衍生物T561、合成磺酸盐、油酰肌氨酸盐和重烷基苯磺酸钠，搅拌均匀后灌装备用。
实施例2
本发明冷速稳定的超速光亮淬火油，由如下重量百分比的组分组成：
精制矿物油（40℃运动粘度5mm 2/s，饱和烃含量100%，粘度指数140，闪点172℃）78%、3,5-二叔丁基-4羟基苯基丙酸酯0.35%、二壬基二苯胺1.4%、噻二唑衍生物T561 0.25%、二烷基二硫代磷酸锑0.5%、聚异丁烯（PIB450质量分数20%、PIB1300质量分数50%、PIB2400质量分数30%）8%、石油磺酸盐（TBN值30mgKOH/g）1.5%、油酰肌氨酸盐5%、聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺3%、重烷基苯磺酸钠2%。
实施例2淬火油的制备方法同实施例1。
实施例3
本发明冷速稳定的超速光亮淬火油，由如下重量百分比的组分组成：
精制矿物油（40℃运动粘度7mm 2/s，饱和烃含量100%，粘度指数130，闪点180℃）84.5%、3,5-二叔丁基-4羟基苯基丙酸酯0.2%、二壬基二苯胺0.8%、噻二唑衍生物T561 0.1%、二烷基二硫代磷酸钼0.4%、聚异丁烯（PIB450质量分数15%、PIB1300质量分数65%、PIB2400质量分数20%）6%、合成磺酸盐（TBN值200mgKOH/g）1.5%、油酰肌氨酸盐3%、聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺2%、重烷基苯磺酸钠1.5%。
实施例3淬火油的制备方法同实施例1。
实施例4
本发明冷速稳定的超速光亮淬火油，由如下重量百分比的组分组成：
精制矿物油（40℃运动粘度8mm 2/s，饱和烃含量98%，粘度指数118，闪点174℃）84.65%、3,5-二叔丁基-4羟基苯基丙酸酯0.2%、二壬基二苯胺0.8%、噻二唑衍生物T561 0.15%、硫代磷酸酯0.2%、聚异丁烯（PIB450质量分数20%、PIB1300质量分数60%、PIB2400质量分数20%）8%、环烷酸盐（TBN值40mgKOH/g）1%、油酰肌氨酸盐2%、聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺2%、重烷基苯磺酸钠1%。
实施例4淬火油的制备方法同实施例1。
对比实施例1
一种淬火油，由如下重量百分比的组分组成：
精制矿物油（40℃运动粘度10mm 2/s，饱和烃含量80%，粘度指数90，闪点160℃）90%、3,5-二叔丁基-4羟基苯基丙酸酯0.1%、二壬基二苯胺0.4%、噻二唑衍生物0.05%、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌0.1%、聚异丁烯（PIB1300）5%、合成磺酸盐（TBN值100mgKOH/g）1.4%、油酰肌氨酸盐1.5%、聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺1%、重烷基苯磺酸钠1%。
对比实施例1淬火油的制备方法与实施例1相同。
对比实施例2
一种淬火油，由如下重量百分比的组分组成
精制矿物油（40℃运动粘度10mm 2/s，饱和烃含量80%，粘度指数90，闪点160℃）90%、3,5-二叔丁基-4羟基苯基丙酸酯0.1%、二壬基二苯胺0.4%、噻二唑衍生物0.05%、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌0.1%、聚异丁烯（PIB1300）5%、合成磺酸盐（TBN值300mgKOH/g）1.4%、油酰肌氨酸盐1.5%、聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺1%、重烷基苯磺酸钠1%。
对比实施例2淬火油的制备方法与实施例1相同。
实施例1~4以及对比实施例1~2的淬火油测试结果如表1所示。
表1 为实施例1~4以及对比实施例1~2淬火油的理化性能检验数据
Figure 771596dest_path_image001
通过表1可知，相比于对比实施例1~2，实施例1的淬火油通过调整基础油的组成成分，有效缓解了淬火油老化的问题，同时通过选择不同分子量的聚异丁烯进行复配以及对阴离子表面活性剂TBN值的限定，使得到的淬火油能够延长淬火工件对低粘度淬火油光亮性的使用要求（是通过缓解淬火油老化带来的效果），从而提高淬火时的光亮效果，同时实施例1的淬火油在高、低温具均有良好的冷却性能，并且兼顾油水分离性能，从而减少淬火油在淬火工件清洗过程中发生乳化现象。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种冷速稳定的超速光亮淬火油，其特征在于，由如下重量百分比的组分混制而成：基础油78~90%、抗氧剂0.5~2%、辅助抗氧剂0.1~0.5%、高温催冷剂5~8%、低温催冷剂0.5~2%、光亮剂1.5~5%、辅助分散剂1~3%和防锈剂1~2%；其中，所述基础油中饱和烃含量≥95%，粘度指数≥110，闪点≥170℃。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的冷速稳定的超速光亮淬火油，其特征在于：所述抗氧剂为酚型抗氧剂、胺型抗氧剂和金属减活剂按混合质量比1:4:0.5~0.75组成的混合物；其中，酚型抗氧剂为3,5-二叔丁基-4羟基苯基丙酸酯；胺型抗氧剂为二壬基二苯胺；金属减活剂为噻二唑衍生物T561。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的冷速稳定的超速光亮淬火油，其特征在于：所述辅助抗氧剂为二烷基二硫代磷酸锌、二烷基二硫代磷酸钼、二烷基二硫代磷酸锑或硫代磷酸酯类抗氧剂中一种。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的冷速稳定的超速光亮淬火油，其特征在于：所述高温催冷剂为聚异丁烯。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的冷速稳定的超速光亮淬火油，其特征在于：所述聚异丁烯为PIB450、PIB1300和PIB2400的混合物；其中，混合物中，PIB450的质量百分含量为10%~20%，PIB2400的质量百分含量为15%~30%。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的冷速稳定的超速光亮淬火油，其特征在于：所述低温催冷剂为阴离子表面活性剂，所述阴离子表面活性剂的TBN值≤200mgKOH/g。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的冷速稳定的超速光亮淬火油，其特征在于：所述阴离子表面活性剂为石油磺酸盐、合成磺酸盐或环烷酸盐中的至少一种。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的冷速稳定的超速光亮淬火油，其特征在于：所述光亮剂为油酰肌氨酸盐。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的冷速稳定的超速光亮淬火油，其特征在于：所述辅助分散剂为高分子聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺；其中，聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺中N质量百分含量≥2%。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的冷速稳定的超速光亮淬火油，其特征在于：所述防锈剂为重烷基苯磺酸钠。
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