WO2021203416A1 - 灭火装置 - Google Patents

灭火装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021203416A1
WO2021203416A1 PCT/CN2020/084210 CN2020084210W WO2021203416A1 WO 2021203416 A1 WO2021203416 A1 WO 2021203416A1 CN 2020084210 W CN2020084210 W CN 2020084210W WO 2021203416 A1 WO2021203416 A1 WO 2021203416A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fire extinguishing
housing
extinguishing device
circuit board
wall
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/084210
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曹坚
黄永明
Original Assignee
广州长科消防器材有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 广州长科消防器材有限公司 filed Critical 广州长科消防器材有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2020/084210 priority Critical patent/WO2021203416A1/zh
Publication of WO2021203416A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021203416A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
    • A62C35/02—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance
    • A62C35/10—Containers destroyed or opened by flames or heat

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of fire extinguishing technology, and in particular to a fire extinguishing device.
  • the fire extinguishing system in a building is usually a fire sprinkler system.
  • the fire sprinkler system is usually installed on the ceiling of the building.
  • the safety glass bead is burnt, and the high-pressure water pipe sprays water to realize automatic fire extinguishing.
  • the fire sprinkler system is not activated at the beginning of the fire, the small fire will quickly turn into a large fire within a few minutes, causing irreversible casualties and property losses.
  • the present disclosure aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. For this reason, one purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a fire extinguishing device that can effectively extinguish indoor open fires in the early stage of a fire, which greatly improves safety.
  • the fire extinguishing device includes: a housing; at least one fire extinguishing core, the fire extinguishing core is arranged in the housing, a groove is formed on the fire extinguishing core, and a heating element is arranged in the groove, The heating element is in contact with the inner wall surface of the groove.
  • the fire extinguishing device of the embodiment of the present disclosure by arranging the heating element in the groove on the fire extinguishing core, and contacting the heating element with the inner wall surface of the groove, the heat of the heating element can be effectively transferred to the fire extinguishing core, thereby quickly igniting the fire extinguisher
  • the wick makes a large amount of fire extinguishing gas produced by the combustion of the fire extinguishing wick spray into the room, effectively extinguishing the open fire in the room.
  • the fire extinguishing device set up in this way can effectively extinguish the fire when the fire sprinkler system is not installed in the room or the fire sprinkler system is not activated, which can prevent small fires from developing into uncontrollable fires, and there is no need to wait for fire trucks to come to fight the fire. Casualties and huge property losses have greatly improved safety.
  • arranging the heating element in the groove can save the space occupied by the heating element, and make the structure of the entire fire extinguishing device simple and convenient for arrangement.
  • the groove includes a groove bottom wall and two groove side walls, the two groove side walls are opposite to each other, and the groove bottom wall is connected to the two groove sides Between the walls, the heating element is in contact with the bottom wall of the groove and the two side walls of the groove.
  • the heating time of the heating element is t, where t satisfies: 1s ⁇ t ⁇ 30s.
  • the t further satisfies: 3s ⁇ t ⁇ 8s.
  • the ignition temperature of the fire extinguishing core is T, where T satisfies: 200°C ⁇ T ⁇ 1000°C.
  • the T further satisfies: 400°C ⁇ T ⁇ 550°C.
  • the heating element is a heating wire winding helically extending in the axial direction.
  • the housing defines a first accommodating cavity and a second accommodating cavity that are separated from each other, the fire extinguishing core is provided in the first accommodating cavity, and the second accommodating cavity is provided with A circuit board and a power supply battery, the power supply battery is electrically connected to the circuit board, and both ends of the heating element are electrically connected to the circuit board through an ignition wire.
  • the circuit board is switchable between sleep mode and working mode, the circuit board defaults to the working mode when it is powered on for the first time, and when the circuit board does not receive a start command within a preset time At this time, the circuit board is switched from the working mode to the sleep mode.
  • a network interface is provided on the housing, and the network interface is communicatively connected with the circuit board.
  • the remote console connected to the network interface communication outputs an alarm signal.
  • the fire extinguishing device is suitable for indoor spaces where living organisms exist, and at least one first through hole is formed on the shell; Poisonous fire extinguishing gas is adapted to be sprayed to the outside of the casing through the first through hole.
  • the fire extinguishing device further includes: at least two alarms, at least two of the alarms are arranged adjacent to the housing, the housing is provided with a circuit board, and the fire extinguishing core is provided with The heating element is electrically connected to the circuit board, and the circuit board controls the heating element to be energized when at least two of the alarms alarm.
  • each of the alarms is a smoke alarm, a temperature-sensitive fire detector, or an infrared induction alarm.
  • a circuit board is provided in the housing, a network interface is provided on the housing, and the network interface is in communication with the circuit board, and the network interface is connected to a remote controller through a network connection. Connected.
  • a circuit board is provided in the housing, a trigger portion is provided on the circuit board, and a button is provided on the housing, and the button is opposite to the trigger portion.
  • the fire extinguishing core includes a plurality of first fire extinguishing cores and a plurality of second fire extinguishing cores, each of the first fire extinguishing cores is formed with the groove, and a plurality of the first fire extinguishing cores
  • the plurality of heating elements on the above constitute multiple heating element groups, each of the heating element groups includes at least one heating element, and the multiple groups of the heating element groups are energized and heated in sequence.
  • a mounting bracket is provided at the bottom of the housing.
  • the housing includes: a first housing, a first cover is provided on the top of the first housing, and a first cover is defined between the first housing and the first cover.
  • a first accommodating cavity the upper part of the side wall of the first housing is formed with a plurality of first through holes spaced in the circumferential direction; a second housing, the second housing is arranged in the first accommodating cavity , The side wall of the second housing and the side wall of the first housing are spaced apart from each other, and the lower part of the side wall of the second housing is formed with a plurality of second through holes spaced in the circumferential direction.
  • One of the second through holes is staggered from a plurality of the first through holes, the second shell is provided with the fire extinguishing core, and at least part of the fire extinguishing gas generated by the combustion of the fire extinguishing core passes through the first cover After rebounding, it is discharged through the second through hole and the first through hole in sequence; the cover is arranged on the side of the first cover away from the first housing, and the cover A second accommodating cavity for accommodating the circuit board and the power supply battery is defined between the body and the first cover body.
  • the edge of the first cover body is provided with a downwardly extending flange, and the flange extends obliquely from top to bottom in a direction away from the central axis of the first housing.
  • a partition plate is provided in the second accommodating cavity, and the partition plate and the first cover are spaced up and down, and the circuit board and the power supply battery are provided in the partition. Above the partition.
  • the partition plate is provided with two extension plates arranged at intervals, and each of the extension plates extends in a direction away from the partition plate, and the two extension plates are connected to the An accommodating space is defined between the partition plates, and the power supply battery is accommodated in the accommodating space.
  • the partition plate has an elastic part, the elastic part is located between the two extension plates, the elastic part is provided with a limiting hole, and one end of the limiting hole has a
  • the outer periphery of the partition plate communicates with an opening, the size of the opening is smaller than the size of the limiting hole, the bottom of the power supply battery is provided with a limiting protrusion, and the limiting protrusion passes through the opening to fit in The limit hole is used to limit the movement of the power supply battery.
  • the partition plate is formed with an installation opening penetrating the outer periphery of the partition plate, and the elastic part is connected to the bottom wall of the installation opening and is connected to two of the installation openings.
  • the side walls are spaced apart from each other, the elastic portion has two elastic buckles extending toward the outer periphery of the partition plate, the two elastic buckles are spaced apart from each other to define the limiting hole, and the two elastic The free ends of the parts have buckle parts opposite to each other to define the opening.
  • the power supply battery has a battery case, the bottom of the battery case is formed with a blind hole that is recessed in a direction away from the partition plate, and the blind hole is located at the opening.
  • the second housing includes a body, the top of the body is open, the side walls of the body and the side walls of the first housing are spaced apart from each other, and the side walls of the body are spaced apart from each other.
  • a plurality of the second through holes are formed at intervals, a third accommodating cavity is defined in the body, and the fire extinguishing core is arranged in the third accommodating cavity; a second cover, the second cover The body is arranged on the top of the body, and the part of the second cover corresponding to the third accommodating cavity is spaced up and down from the first cover.
  • the body includes: a first inner wall formed in an annular structure, a hollow lead channel is defined in the first inner wall, and the first inner wall is provided on the first inner wall.
  • the ignition wire passes through the second through hole and the lead channel to be electrically connected to the circuit board.
  • the multiple fire extinguishing cores constitute multiple fire extinguishing core groups, and the multiple fire extinguishing core groups are arranged along the radial direction of the second shell, and each group
  • the fire extinguishing core group includes a plurality of the fire extinguishing cores arranged in a circumferential direction.
  • a k-type aerosol is formed.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a fire extinguishing device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of the fire extinguishing device shown in Figure 1 from another angle;
  • FIG 3 is a perspective view from another angle of the fire extinguishing device shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a front view of the fire extinguishing device shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 5 is a left side view of the fire extinguishing device shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 6 is a right side view of the fire extinguishing device shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 7 is a top view of the fire extinguishing device shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 8 is a bottom view of the fire extinguishing device shown in Figure 1;
  • Fig. 9 is an exploded view of the fire extinguishing device shown in Fig. 1, in which the buttons are not shown;
  • Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of the fire extinguishing device shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 11 is a perspective view of the body of the second housing of the fire extinguishing device shown in Figure 9;
  • Figure 12 is a perspective view of the second cover of the second housing of the fire extinguishing device shown in Figure 9;
  • Figure 13 is a perspective view of the first housing of the fire extinguishing device shown in Figure 9;
  • Figure 14 is a perspective view of the first cover of the fire extinguishing device shown in Figure 9;
  • Figure 15 is a perspective view of the cover of the fire extinguishing device shown in Figure 9;
  • Figure 16 is a perspective view of the mounting bracket of the fire extinguishing device shown in Figure 9;
  • Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of a fire extinguishing core, a heating element and an ignition wire according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 18 is a perspective view of the fire extinguishing core shown in Figure 17;
  • Figure 19 is a schematic view of the heating element shown in Figure 17;
  • Figure 20a is a schematic diagram of a partition plate of a fire extinguishing device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 20b is a schematic view of another angle of the partition plate shown in Fig. 20a;
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of a battery upper shell of a fire extinguishing device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of a lower battery case of a fire extinguishing device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of the keys of a fire extinguishing device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 24 is a schematic diagram of a fuse sheet of a fire extinguishing device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of a key cover of a fire extinguishing device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 26 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of fire extinguishing cores in the second housing according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 27 is a schematic diagram of a circuit board and a remote console according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 28 is a perspective view of a fire extinguishing device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 29 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of fire extinguishing cores of the fire extinguishing device shown in Figure 28;
  • Figure 30 is a perspective view of a power supply battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 31 is a perspective view of the power supply battery shown in Figure 30 from another angle;
  • FIG. 32 is a perspective view from another angle of the power supply battery shown in FIG. 30;
  • Figure 33 is a front view of the power supply battery shown in Figure 30;
  • Figure 34 is a left side view of the power supply battery shown in Figure 30;
  • Figure 35 is a right side view of the power supply battery shown in Figure 30;
  • Figure 36 is a bottom view of the power supply battery shown in Figure 30;
  • Fig. 37 is a schematic diagram of an assembly of a power supply battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 38 is a partial perspective view of a fire extinguishing device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 39 is a perspective view of the fire extinguishing device shown in Fig. 38 from another angle.
  • 12 second accommodating cavity; 121: circuit board; 122: power supply battery; 1221: limit protrusion;
  • 141 body; 1411: third accommodating cavity; 1412: first inner wall;
  • 16 button; 17: network interface; 2: fire extinguishing core; 21: groove; 211: heating element;
  • first and second are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. Further, in the description of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, “plurality” means two or more.
  • the fire extinguishing device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 39.
  • the fire extinguishing device 100 includes a housing 1 and at least one fire extinguishing core 2.
  • the fire extinguishing core 2 is provided in the housing 1.
  • the fire extinguishing core 2 is formed with a groove 21, and the groove 21 is provided with a heating element 211, the heating element 211 and the groove 21 is in contact with the inner wall surface.
  • the housing 1 is provided with at least one fire extinguishing core 2, the heating element 211 is provided in the groove 21 of the fire extinguishing core 2, and the inner wall surface of the groove 21 is connected to the heating Element 211 is in contact.
  • the heating element 211 When a fire occurs in the room, the heating element 211 generates heat.
  • the heating element 211 Since the heating element 211 is in contact with the inner wall surface of the groove 21, when the temperature of the heating element 211 reaches the ignition point of the fire extinguishing core 2, the fire extinguishing core 2 is ignited and releases a large amount of fire extinguishing gas, thereby extinguishing Open flame.
  • the heat of the heating element 211 can be directly and effectively transferred to the fire extinguishing core 2, thereby igniting
  • the fire extinguishing core 2 enables the fire extinguishing core 2 to release a large amount of fire extinguishing gas, effectively extinguishing indoor open flames.
  • the fire extinguishing device 100 thus set up can effectively extinguish the fire when the fire sprinkler system is not installed in the room or the fire sprinkler system is not activated, which can prevent small fires from developing into uncontrollable fires without waiting for fire trucks to come to fight the fire. There were casualties and huge property losses, which greatly improved safety.
  • arranging the heating element 211 in the groove 21 can save the space occupied by the heating element 211, and make the structure of the entire fire extinguishing device 100 simple and convenient for arrangement.
  • the fire extinguishing device 100 of the embodiment of the present disclosure by arranging the heating element 211 in the groove 21 on the fire extinguishing core 2 and contacting the heating element 211 with the inner wall surface of the groove 21, the heat of the heating element 211 can be effectively transferred to The fire extinguishing core 2 quickly ignites the fire extinguishing core 2 so that a large amount of fire extinguishing gas generated by the combustion of the fire extinguishing core 2 is sprayed into the room, effectively extinguishing the open fire in the room.
  • the fire extinguishing device 100 thus set up can effectively extinguish the fire when the fire sprinkler system is not installed in the room or the fire sprinkler system is not activated, which can prevent small fires from developing into uncontrollable fires without waiting for fire trucks to come to fight the fire. There were casualties and huge property losses, which greatly improved safety.
  • arranging the heating element 211 in the groove 21 can save the space occupied by the heating element 211, and make the structure of the entire fire extinguishing device 100 simple and convenient for arrangement.
  • the groove 21 includes a groove bottom wall 213 and two groove side walls 214.
  • the two groove side walls 214 are opposite to each other, and the groove bottom wall 213 is connected to each other.
  • the heating element 211 is in contact with the groove bottom wall 213 and the two groove side walls 214.
  • the contact area between the heating element 211 and the fire extinguishing core 2 is increased, and the heating element 211 and the fire extinguishing core 2 are in three-sided contact.
  • the heat of the heating element 211 can be effectively transferred to the fire extinguishing core 2, so that the fire extinguishing core 2 can be quickly ignited and release a large amount of fire extinguishing gas into the room, realizing rapid fire extinguishing.
  • the heating time of the heating element 211 is t, where t satisfies: 1s ⁇ t ⁇ 30s.
  • the heating time of the heating element 211 is too short, and the temperature of the heating element 211 may not reach the ignition temperature of the fire extinguishing core 2, so that the fire extinguishing core 2 may not be ignited, and the fire extinguishing core 2 may not be ignited quickly at the beginning of the fire.
  • t is preferably 3s ⁇ t ⁇ 8s. Therefore, by making the heating time t of the heating element 211 satisfy: 1s ⁇ t ⁇ 30s, it is ensured that the fire extinguishing core 2 can be ignited in the early stage of a fire, and rapid fire extinguishing is realized.
  • the ignition temperature of the fire extinguishing core 2 is T, where T satisfies: 200°C ⁇ T ⁇ 1000°C. Therefore, when 200°C ⁇ T ⁇ 1000°C, the fire extinguishing core 2 can be quickly ignited in the early stage of fire, so that the fire extinguishing gas released by the fire extinguishing core 2 can fill the room, effectively extinguish the indoor open fire, and can ensure the accuracy of fire extinguishing and prevent fire extinguishing. Core 2 is ignited by mistake. Further optionally, T further satisfies: 400°C ⁇ T ⁇ 550°C.
  • the fire extinguishing core 2 can burn normally when the humidity is below 95%.
  • the heating element 211 is a heating wire winding that extends spirally in the axial direction. With this arrangement, the heating element 211 has a high ability to condense heat and can form a thermal vortex, so that the fire extinguishing core 2 can be quickly ignited to achieve fire extinguishing.
  • the heating wire winding may adopt a clockwise or counterclockwise winding method, and the outer diameter of the heating wire winding is the same as or slightly smaller than the width of the groove 21.
  • the number of turns of the heating wire winding is C, and C satisfies: 1 ⁇ C ⁇ 10, and C preferably satisfies: 3 ⁇ C ⁇ 5.
  • the wire diameter of the heating wire winding is ⁇ , where ⁇ satisfies: 0.1mm ⁇ 2.0mm, and ⁇ preferably satisfies: 0.2mm ⁇ 0.4mm.
  • the coil spacing of the heating wire winding is S, where the S satisfies: 0.5mm ⁇ S ⁇ 5.0mm, and the preferred step of S satisfies: 1.0mm ⁇ S ⁇ 1.5mm.
  • the housing 1 defines a first containing cavity 11 and a second containing cavity 12 that are separated from each other, and the fire extinguishing core 2 is provided in the first containing cavity.
  • a circuit board 121 and a power supply battery 122 are arranged in the second accommodating cavity 12.
  • the power supply battery 122 is electrically connected to the circuit board 121, and both ends of the heating element 211 are electrically connected to the circuit board 121 through the ignition wire 212.
  • the first accommodating cavity 11 and the second accommodating cavity 12 are separated from each other, and the circuit board 121 and the power supply battery 122 are provided in the second accommodating cavity 12.
  • the power supply battery 122 is used to supply power to the circuit board 121.
  • a fire extinguishing core 2 is provided in the first containing cavity 11.
  • the two ends of the heating element 211 are respectively connected with an ignition wire 212, and the ignition wire 212 is electrically connected with the circuit board 121.
  • the temperature in the first accommodating cavity 11 will rise rapidly, for example, it can reach a high temperature of 1000 °C, but because the first accommodating cavity 11 and the second accommodating cavity 12 are physically In isolation, the high temperature in the first accommodating cavity 11 will not affect the normal operation of the circuit board 121 or the power supply battery 122.
  • an insulation pad such as an aluminum silicate ceramic fiber insulation pad may be provided between the first accommodation cavity 11 and the second accommodation cavity 12 to further reduce heat transfer. Therefore, by defining the first accommodating cavity 11 and the second accommodating cavity 12 separated from each other in the housing 1, the high temperature damage to the circuit board 121 and the power supply battery 122 in the second accommodating cavity 12 can be effectively avoided.
  • the casing 1 may be a metal casing to realize rapid heat dissipation.
  • the circuit board 121 can be switched between the sleep mode and the working mode.
  • the circuit board 121 defaults to the working mode when it is powered on for the first time.
  • the circuit board 121 switches from the working mode to the sleep mode.
  • the circuit board 121 defaults to the working mode, and the circuit board 121 is in a awake state at this time.
  • the circuit board 121 will automatically enter the sleep mode.
  • the circuit board 121 when the circuit board 121 is in the sleep mode, the electrical components are turned off, and only one control unit has a lower power supply or monitoring.
  • the circuit board 121 receives the start command, other electrical units can be awakened by the above control unit . Therefore, through the above arrangement, the power consumption of the circuit board 121 can be reduced, and the service life of the power supply battery 122 can be prolonged.
  • the housing 1 is provided with a network interface 17, and the network interface 17 is in communication with the circuit board 121.
  • the remote console connected to the network interface 17 outputs an alarm signal.
  • the fire extinguishing device 100 can be wired to a remote console, and the remote console can be provided with a wake-up button and a self-check button.
  • the ignition program is detected, you can click the wake-up button and the self-check button in turn to switch the circuit board 121 to the working mode.
  • the program is detected as normal during remote access monitoring, it will return a status signal to the remote console. If it is abnormal, it will return A warning signal prompts maintenance.
  • the fire extinguishing core 2 may include a plurality of first fire extinguishing cores (as shown in Figures 17, 18 and 26) and a plurality of second fire extinguishing cores (not shown in the figure), each of which is formed with a concave
  • the tank 21 and the circuit board 121 are suitable for controlling the multiple heating elements 211 on the multiple first fire extinguishing cores to be sequentially energized. For example, when there are three first fire extinguishing cores, the circuit board 121 controls the three heating elements 211 on the three first fire extinguishing cores to be energized in sequence.
  • the three heating elements 211 respectively correspond to the three channels on the circuit board 121, for example, they may be 1 channel, 2 channels, and 3 channels, respectively.
  • the network interface 17 is in communication connection with the circuit board 121, and the fire extinguishing device 100 can be accessed from the outside through the limited network authority, remotely command to execute the test function of the simulated ignition program, and check whether the circuit board 121 is working normally. Specifically, when the ignition program detection is performed, the ignition program on the circuit board 121 is simulated once, that is, after the 1 channel is energized for a few seconds, the 2 channel is energized for the same number of seconds, and finally the 3 channel is also energized for the same number of seconds. At this time, the heating element 211 is not actually energized and ignited. Through the above process, the health feedback function of the circuit board 121 can be realized.
  • the power supply battery 122 is located in the second accommodating cavity 12.
  • the power supply battery 122 consumes almost self-discharge and has a stable self-consumption curve. However, the long-term self-consumption will also have a critical value.
  • the voltage is lower than the ignition voltage value, the power supply battery 122 needs to be replaced.
  • the ignition wire 212 will be wired remotely, and the voltage of the power supply battery 122 can be accessed in the remote console in real time, and can be displayed on the cloud system.
  • the system will give a low voltage Alarm, it is convenient for the background manager to notify a special person to go to the fire extinguishing device 100 to replace the power supply battery 122.
  • the health feedback of the circuit board 121 and the voltage feedback of the power supply battery 122 can be realized, and the normal operation of the fire extinguishing device 100 can be ensured to realize effective fire extinguishing.
  • the heating element 211 may be a nickel-chromium alloy resistance wire or the like. Therefore, when the heating element 211 is a nickel-chromium alloy resistance wire, the nickel-chromium alloy resistance wire has high strength in a high-temperature environment, is not easy to deform and change the structure in a long-term high-temperature operation, and the nickel-chromium alloy resistance wire has good normal temperature plasticity and deformation. The later repair is relatively simple. Moreover, the nickel-chromium alloy resistance wire has high emissivity, non-magnetic, good corrosion resistance and long service life. Of course, the heating element 211 may also be other materials that can generate heat through energization, and is not limited to a nickel-chromium alloy resistance wire.
  • the fire extinguishing device 100 may be suitable for indoor spaces where living organisms exist.
  • indoor space refers to the interior of a building, that is, the interior space of a building, such as residential buildings, apartments, office buildings, shopping malls, restaurant kitchens, large, medium and small warehouses, or hotel rooms or corridors.
  • the fire extinguishing device 100 can also be used in confined spaces, such as mines, oil storage tanks, manholes, tunnels, pump rooms, or computer rooms.
  • At least one first through hole 111 is formed in the housing 1, the fire extinguishing core 2 is solid, and the non-toxic fire extinguishing gas generated when the fire extinguishing core 2 is burned is suitable for being sprayed to the outside of the housing 1 through the first through hole 111.
  • the fire extinguishing core 2 can be an aerosol-based coagulation fire extinguishing agent, which is a special mixture of combustible components/components.
  • the main components are potassium nitrate, dicyandiamide and organic resin. It exists in a solid state, has no compressed gas, and has stable physical properties. It can be stored at minus 60°C to above 160°C.
  • the fire extinguishing gas is safe and non-toxic and harmless after the toxicity test report
  • fills full coverage or full flooding
  • the potassium ions produced by combustion enter the flame chain to take away oxygen ions, hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions, thereby breaking the flame chain, causing the fire to not continue to burn, but it does not consume oxygen in the air, thereby achieving a fire extinguishing effect.
  • the shell 1 is not a pressure vessel, and the fire extinguishing device 100 is a non-pressurized gas device.
  • the pressureless solid fire extinguishing core 2 is burned into a pressurized fire extinguishing gas to be released to achieve the effect of requiring a pressure vessel to be ejected.
  • the fire extinguishing device 100 can be maintenance-free, does not need to monitor the air pressure, and does not require an external power supply. Therefore, since the fire extinguishing core 2 burns to generate non-toxic fire extinguishing gas, the entire fire extinguishing device 100 has fire extinguishing safety and is suitable for indoor spaces where living organisms (for example, humans) exist.
  • the fire extinguishing core 2 since the fire extinguishing core 2 is solid, it does not need to be pushed by compressed gas, so that there is no pressure in the casing 1, and no regular maintenance is required. In addition, since the fire extinguishing core 2 itself contains an oxidant, there is no need to consume oxygen in the indoor space.
  • the fire extinguishing device 100 further includes at least two alarms (not shown in the figure), and the at least two alarms are arranged adjacent to the housing 1.
  • the housing 1 is provided with a circuit board 121
  • the fire extinguishing core 2 is provided with a heating element 211.
  • the circuit board 121 and the heating element 211 are electrically connected. When at least two alarms alarm, the circuit board 121 controls the heating element 211 to be energized.
  • each alarm can be a smoke alarm, a temperature-sensitive fire detector, or an infrared sensor alarm.
  • a circuit board 121 is provided in the housing 1, and a network interface 17 is provided on the housing 1.
  • the network interface 17 is in communication with the circuit board 121.
  • the wire is connected to the remote controller.
  • the circuit board 121 can be provided with jumper pins, which can be wired to the start button (not shown in the figure) of the outdoor dedicated control box through a network connection.
  • the jumper pin has the same function as the on-site manual start. When the start button on the outdoor control box is pressed, the remote start can be realized. In this way, the remote start of the fire extinguishing device 100 can be realized.
  • a circuit board 121 is provided in the housing 1, a trigger part (not shown in the figure) is provided on the circuit board 121, and a button 16 is provided on the housing 1.
  • the button 16 is opposite to the trigger part. For example, when a fire occurs indoors, the operator can press the button 16 on the housing 1 to make the button 16 contact the trigger part.
  • the circuit board 121 controls the heating element 211 to energize, and the heating element 211 heats up and ignites the fire extinguishing core. 2. Realize fire extinguishing.
  • the fire extinguishing device 100 can be manually started on site, so that the fire extinguishing gas generated by the combustion of the fire extinguishing core 2 can effectively extinguish the open fire in the room.
  • the fire extinguishing core 2 includes a plurality of first fire extinguishing cores (as shown in Figure 17, Figure 18 and Figure 26) and a plurality of second fire extinguishing cores (not shown in the figure), each first A groove 21 is formed on the fire extinguishing core.
  • the plurality of heating elements 211 on the plurality of first fire extinguishing cores constitute multiple heating element groups. Each heating element group includes at least one heating element 211, and the multiple heating element groups are energized and heated in sequence.
  • "plurality" means two or more.
  • the plurality of second fire extinguishing cores are not provided with grooves 21, so that there is no heating element 211 on the second fire extinguishing cores.
  • the first fire extinguishing core is responsible for ignition, while the second fire extinguishing core is next to it.
  • the first fire extinguishing core When the first fire extinguishing core is successfully ignited, its combustion temperature is about 1000°C. All the second fire extinguishing cores are ignited to form a "fire burning" effect. Thanks to the space design of the shell, it is not necessary to make all the fire extinguishing cores 2 into the first fire extinguishing core, which can greatly reduce the number and number of 211 heating elements.
  • the number of power supply batteries 122 is not necessary to make all the fire extinguishing cores 2 into the first fire extinguishing core, which can greatly reduce the number and number of 211 heating elements.
  • the number of power supply batteries 122 The number of power supply batteries 122.
  • the group of heating elements that is energized first is referred to as "the first group of heating elements.”
  • the first group of heating elements For example, when there is a fire in the room, multiple heating element groups can be energized and heated in sequence under the control of the circuit board 121. After the first heating element group is heated, the first heating element 211 in the first heating element group can be ignited. Fire extinguishing core, the ignited first fire extinguishing core can ignite the remaining first fire extinguishing core and second fire extinguishing core to achieve the effect of "fire extinguishing camp", thereby releasing fire extinguishing gas and realizing indoor fire extinguishing.
  • the heating element group that is energized after the first heating element group serves as a redundant backup, so as to realize supplementary ignition when the first heating element group fails to ignite. Therefore, by providing the above-mentioned multiple heating element groups, the multiple heating element groups can ensure that the fire extinguishing core 2 can be ignited in time in the early stage of a fire, thereby releasing a large amount of extinguishing gas, realizing fire extinguishing, and greatly improving the reliability of the fire extinguishing device 100. sex.
  • FIG. 26 there may be three first fire extinguishing cores, and the three heating elements 211 on the three first fire extinguishing cores are energized in turn to generate heat.
  • the three heating elements 211 on the three first fire extinguishing cores can be energized and heated in sequence according to the procedure "1 channel-2 channels-3 channels".
  • a "three-degree redundancy" guarantee can be realized, that is, when one or two of the three heating elements 211 are faulty and cause ignition to fail, the other heating element 211 can ensure that the ignition is successful.
  • Figure 26 shows three first fire extinguishing cores for illustrative purposes, but after reading the technical solution of this application, a person of ordinary skill can obviously understand the technical solutions of applying this solution to other numbers of first fire extinguishing cores. , This also falls within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.
  • a mounting bracket 3 is provided at the bottom of the housing 1.
  • the mounting bracket 3 can be detachably connected with the housing 1. Therefore, the installation of the above-mentioned mounting bracket 3 facilitates the installation of the fire extinguishing device 100, so that the fire extinguishing device 100 can be applied to a variety of installation environments, for example, it can be used on a ceiling, on a wall or directly on a table.
  • the housing 1 includes a first housing 13, a second housing 14 and a cover 15.
  • the top of the first housing 13 is provided with a first cover 131
  • the first housing cavity 11 is defined between the first housing 13 and the first cover 131
  • the upper part of the side wall of the first housing 13 is formed
  • the second housing 14 is provided in the first accommodating cavity 11, the side walls of the second housing 14 and the side walls of the first housing 13 are spaced apart from each other.
  • a plurality of second through holes 1415 are provided, and the plurality of second through holes 1415 are staggered from the plurality of first through holes 111, and the second housing 14 is provided with a fire extinguishing core 2, at least part of the fire extinguishing gas generated by the combustion of the fire extinguishing core 2 After rebounding by the first cover 131, it is discharged through the second through hole 1415 and the first through hole 111 in sequence.
  • the first housing cavity 11 is jointly defined by the first cover 131 and the first housing 13, and the side wall of the first housing 13 is formed with There are a plurality of first through holes 111, and the plurality of first through holes 111 are arranged at intervals.
  • the second housing 14 is contained in the first accommodating cavity 11, the side walls of the second housing 14 are spaced apart from the side walls of the first housing 13, and a plurality of second through holes 1415 are formed in the second housing 14 On the side wall, a plurality of second through holes 1415 are arranged at intervals, and the fire extinguishing core 2 is arranged in the second housing 14.
  • the fire extinguishing gas released by the combustion of the fire extinguishing core 2 is first ejected from the plurality of second through holes 1415. Since the plurality of second through holes 1415 are staggered from the plurality of first through holes 111, The gas ejected from the holes 1415 will flow to the first through holes 111 along the inner wall of the first housing 13, and finally spray into the room from the first through holes 111 to achieve rapid fire extinguishing.
  • the fire extinguishing core 2 in the second shell 14 burns The generated high temperature will not be completely released to the first housing 13, and the temperature at the plurality of first through holes 111 can be effectively reduced (for example, the surface temperature can be reduced to 500°C-600°C).
  • the ejection path of the fire extinguishing gas can be extended, and the flame residue generated by the combustion of the fire extinguishing core 2 can be prevented from being sprayed into the room together with the fire extinguishing gas. Residues may remain in the first receiving cavity 11.
  • a plurality of first through holes 111 are formed in the upper part of the first housing 13, and the plurality of first through holes 111 are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the first housing 13.
  • a plurality of second through holes 1415 are formed in the lower part of the second housing 14, and the plurality of second through holes 1415 are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the second housing 14.
  • the cover 15 is provided on a side of the first cover 131 away from the first housing 13, and a second accommodating cavity 12 for accommodating the circuit board 121 and the power supply battery 122 is defined between the cover 15 and the first cover 131 .
  • a second accommodating cavity 12 for accommodating the circuit board 121 and the power supply battery 122 is defined between the cover 15 and the first cover 131 .
  • the first accommodating cavity 11 and the second accommodating cavity 12 are separated from each other, and the circuit board 121 and the power supply battery 122 are provided in the second accommodating cavity 12.
  • the power supply battery 122 is used to supply power to the circuit board 121.
  • a fire extinguishing core 2 is provided in the first containing cavity 11.
  • the two ends of the heating element 211 are respectively connected with an ignition wire 212, and the ignition wire 212 is electrically connected with the circuit board 121.
  • the temperature in the first accommodating cavity 11 will rise rapidly, for example, it can reach a high temperature of 1000 °C, but because the first accommodating cavity 11 and the second accommodating cavity 12 are isolated from each other On, the high temperature in the first accommodating cavity 11 will not affect the normal operation of the circuit board 121 or the power supply battery 122. Therefore, by arranging the above-mentioned cover 15 and defining the second accommodating cavity 12 between the cover 15 and the first cover 131, the high temperature can effectively prevent the circuit board 121 and the power supply battery 122 in the second accommodating cavity 12 from being affected. s damage.
  • the edge of the first cover 131 is provided with a downwardly extending flange 1311, and the flange 1311 faces away from the first housing from top to bottom. 13 The direction of the central axis extends obliquely.
  • the fire extinguishing gas will be sprayed to the flange 1311 after being sprayed from the first through hole 111, so that the fire extinguishing gas can change the spray path , Spray downwards to avoid direct spraying to people when the fire extinguishing device 100 is activated on site, improve the safety of the fire extinguishing device 100, and ensure that the fire extinguishing gas can cover the entire indoor space to achieve rapid fire extinguishing.
  • a partition plate 4 is provided in the second accommodating cavity 12, the partition plate 4 and the first cover 131 are spaced up and down, and the circuit board 121 and the power supply battery 122 are provided Above the partition board 4. Therefore, by providing the above-mentioned partition plate 4, the partition plate 4 can protect the circuit board 121 and the power supply battery 122 in the second housing cavity 12, and effectively prevent the high temperature in the second housing 14 from affecting the second housing.
  • the circuit board 121 and the power supply battery 122 in the second accommodating cavity 12 have an impact.
  • the partition plate 4 is provided with two extension plates 41 spaced apart, and each extension plate 41 extends in a direction away from the partition plate 4.
  • An accommodating space 411 is defined between the two extension plates 41 and the partition plate 4, and the power supply battery 122 is accommodated in the accommodating space 411.
  • the power supply battery 122 can be confined between the two extension plates 41 and the partition plate 4, which limits the movement of the power supply battery 122 and makes the structure of the entire fire extinguishing device 100 more stable.
  • the partition plate 4 has an elastic portion 42 located between the two extension plates 41, and a limiting hole 421 is provided on the elastic portion 42 to limit the position.
  • One end of the hole 421 has an opening 4211 communicating with the outer periphery of the partition plate 4, the size of the opening 4211 is smaller than the size of the limiting hole 421, the bottom of the power supply battery 122 is provided with a limiting protrusion 1221, and the limiting protrusion 1221 passes through the opening 4211 It fits in the limiting hole 421 to limit the movement of the power supply battery 122. Therefore, by making the size of the opening 4211 smaller than the size of the limiting hole 421 and the limiting protrusion 1221 fits in the limiting hole 421, a good limiting effect can be achieved and the power supply battery 122 can be prevented from being accidentally removed.
  • size may refer to width, diameter, etc., and the meaning of the size may be determined according to the shape of the opening 4211 and the limiting hole 421, which is not limited here.
  • the partition plate 4 is formed with a mounting opening 43 that penetrates the outer periphery of the partition plate 4, and the elastic portion 42 is connected to the bottom wall of the mounting opening 43 and is connected to the bottom wall of the mounting opening 43.
  • the two side walls of the mounting opening 43 are spaced apart from each other, the elastic portion 42 has two elastic buckles 422 extending toward the outer periphery of the partition plate 4, and the two elastic buckles 422 are spaced apart from each other to define a limiting hole 421, two The free end of the elastic portion 42 has buckle portions 4221 opposite to each other to define an opening 4211.
  • each elastic portion 42 has an inclined surface to play a guiding role.
  • the power supply battery 122 is slid into the accommodating space 411 along the length direction of the extension plate 41.
  • the buckle 4221 through the slope of the free end of the elastic portion 42, since the size of the opening 4211 is smaller than the size of the limiting protrusion 1221, the buckle 4221 at the free end of the two elastic portions 42 Under the action of the limiting protrusions 1221, they move in directions away from each other.
  • the buckle portion 4221 at the free end of the two elastic portions 42 returns to its original shape, enclosing and blocking the power supply battery 122, and cannot be taken out freely. Therefore, through the above arrangement, the power supply battery 122 can be well protected, so that the power supply battery 122 cannot be easily taken out. Moreover, with such a configuration, the structure is simple, the parts are few, the cumbersome screw fastening can be avoided, and the installation is convenient.
  • the power supply battery 122 has a battery case 5, and the bottom of the battery case 5 is formed with a blind hole 53 recessed in a direction away from the partition plate 4, and the blind hole 53 is located at the opening 4211.
  • the above-mentioned blind hole 53 is a round hole.
  • the battery case 5 may include an upper battery case 51 and a lower battery case 52, and the upper battery case 51 and the lower battery case 52 may be connected by a snap structure.
  • the second housing 14 includes a body 141 and a second cover 142.
  • the top of the main body 141 is open, the side walls of the main body 141 and the side walls of the first housing 13 are spaced apart from each other.
  • the accommodating cavity 1411 is provided with a fire extinguishing core 2 in the third accommodating cavity 1411.
  • the second cover 142 is disposed on the top of the main body 141, and the part of the second cover 142 corresponding to the third accommodating cavity 1411 is spaced up and down from the first cover 131.
  • a plurality of second through holes 1415 are formed on the side wall of the main body 141, the top of the main body 141 is provided with a second cover 142, and the fire extinguishing core 2 is provided in the third receiving cavity 1411.
  • the top edge of the body 141 may extend horizontally outward
  • the edge of the second cover 142 is opposite to the edge of the body 141
  • the edge of the second cover 142 may be connected and fastened with the edge of the body 141 by threaded fasteners.
  • the middle part of the second cover body 142 is opposite to the third accommodating cavity 1411, and the middle part of the second cover body 142 and the first cover body 131 are spaced up and down.
  • the second accommodating cavity 12 and the third accommodating cavity 1411 can be effectively separated, and the third accommodating cavity 1411 can be further prevented.
  • the high temperature in the cavity 1411 damages the circuit board 121 and the power supply battery 122 in the second accommodating cavity 12.
  • an insulation pad such as aluminum silicate ceramic fiber insulation pad may be provided between the second cover body 142 and the first cover body 131 to further reduce heat transfer and effectively prevent the high temperature in the third receiving cavity 1411. This will affect the circuit board 121 and the power supply battery 122.
  • the body 141 includes a first inner wall 1412, a second inner wall 1413 and a connecting wall 1414.
  • the first inner wall 1412 is formed in an annular structure
  • a hollow lead channel 14121 is defined in the first inner wall 1412
  • the first inner wall 1412 is provided in the first accommodating cavity 11.
  • the second inner wall 1413 surrounds the outer peripheral side of the first inner wall 1412.
  • the connecting wall 1414 is connected between the bottom of the first inner wall 1412 and the bottom of the second inner wall 1413.
  • the connecting wall 1414, the first inner wall 1412 and the second inner wall 1413 jointly define the third receiving cavity 1411, and the ignition wire 212 passes through the second
  • the through hole 1415 and the lead channel 14121 are electrically connected to the circuit board 121.
  • the bottom wall of the second housing 14 and the bottom wall of the first housing 13 are spaced up and down.
  • the bottom wall of the second shell 14 and the bottom wall of the first shell 13 can be used to contain the flame residues produced by the combustion of the fire extinguishing core 2 to prevent the flame residues produced by the combustion of the fire extinguishing core 2 from affecting the fire extinguishing gas. injection.
  • each fire extinguishing core group includes a plurality of fire extinguishing cores 2 arranged circumferentially.
  • FIG. 26 two sets of fire extinguishing cores are shown. In each set of fire extinguishing cores, a plurality of fire extinguishing cores 2 are arranged along the circumference of the second housing 14, and each fire extinguishing core 2 is generally cylindrical.
  • the fire extinguishing gas generated by the combustion of each fire extinguishing core 2 can extinguish a fire in a space of 3.3 cubic meters. Therefore, through the above arrangement, the arrangement of the fire extinguishing core 2 is reasonable, so that the fire extinguishing gas can be uniformly sprayed from the plurality of first through holes 111, and rapid fire extinguishing can be realized.
  • multiple sets of fire extinguishing core sets are arranged side by side, and the multiple sets of fire extinguishing core sets are arranged closely, and two adjacent fire extinguishing core sets are arranged closely.
  • Two adjacent fire extinguishing cores 2 in the core group are arranged staggered, and a plurality of fire extinguishing cores 2 in each fire extinguishing core group are arranged closely without an interval.
  • the arrangement of the fire extinguishing cores can also be arranged in a variety of ways, such as various linear array arrangements, which are not limited to the above two.
  • the fire extinguishing device 100 further includes a fuse sheet 6, which is located between the button 16 and the cover 15. Therefore, when there is no fire in the room, the fuse 6 can block the button 16 so that the button 16 does not touch the trigger part to prevent false triggering; when the room is on fire, the fuse 6 can be pulled out, and the button 16 can be pressed to make the button 16 It is in contact with the trigger part of the circuit board 121, so that the circuit board 121 controls the heating element 211 to energize and generate heat.
  • the fire extinguishing core 2 forms a k-type aerosol after being ignited.
  • the representative chemical component of k-type aerosol is potassium nitrate.
  • the fire extinguishing device 100 of the present application belongs to an aerosol extinguisher (aerosol extinguisher).
  • Aerosols are colloidal mixtures of substances in gas.
  • a colloidal state is a state in which a substance exists in a liquid or gas in a finely distributed manner, in which particles are larger than molecules and smaller than particles in suspension.
  • the aerosol is a dry, suspended substance, which appears as chaotic white smoke in the first case.
  • the fire extinguishing mechanism is as follows; after being triggered by the dry solid fire extinguishing agent, it is discharged as a dry aerosol.
  • the dry aerosol chemically extinguishes fire by combining freely based on the chain reaction involved in the combustion process.
  • the bound free radicals prevent free electrons in the outer surface layer of the substance that can react with other substances, thereby interrupting the combustion process.
  • An aerosol fire extinguisher consists of a pressureless container containing the fire extinguishing agent in solid form. The substance burns after electric or thermal ignition.
  • the microscopically fine fire extinguishing powder is discharged in the form of mist at high speed. The mist diffuses like a gas and is an efficient fire extinguishing agent.
  • the application fields of these fire extinguishers have so far been limited to small enclosed spaces to achieve the desired concentration.
  • the fire extinguishing device 100 further includes a button sleeve 7 which is fixed on the cover 15 and connected with the button 16.
  • the top of the cover 15 may be formed with a mounting hole 151
  • the key cover 7 is provided at the mounting hole 151
  • the key 16 is provided on the key cover 7.

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Abstract

一种灭火装置(100)，包括壳体(1)和至少一个灭火芯(2)，灭火芯(2)设在壳体(1)内，灭火芯(2)上形成有凹槽(21)，凹槽(21)内设有发热元件(211)，发热元件(211)与凹槽(21)的内壁面接触。

Description

灭火装置 技术领域
本公开涉及灭火技术领域，尤其是涉及一种灭火装置。
背景技术
近年来，随着我国经济建设的飞速发展，建筑物火灾比例呈上升趋势。建筑物火灾致人死伤数量巨大，且造成的直接财产损失也呈直线上升趋势。
相关技术中，建筑物例如写字楼内的灭火系统通常为消防喷淋系统。消防喷淋系统通常安装在楼宇天花板，当火焰温度达到一定高温，烧爆其保险玻璃珠，高压水管即喷出水实现自动灭火。然而，当起火初期未能启动消防喷淋系统时，小火将在几分钟内迅速变成大火，造成不可逆转的人员伤亡与财产损失。
发明内容
本公开旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此，本公开的一个目的在于提出一种灭火装置，所述灭火装置能够在起火初期有效扑灭室内明火，极大地提高了安全性。
根据本公开实施例的灭火装置，包括：壳体；至少一个灭火芯，所述灭火芯设在所述壳体内，所述灭火芯上形成有凹槽，所述凹槽内设有发热元件，所述发热元件与所述凹槽的内壁面接触。
根据本公开实施例的灭火装置，通过将发热元件设在灭火芯上的凹槽内，并使发热元件与凹槽的内壁面接触，发热元件的热量可以有效传递给灭火芯，从而快速点燃灭火芯，使灭火芯燃烧产生的大量灭火气体喷向室内，有效扑灭室内明火。而且，如此设置的灭火装置在室内未安装消防喷淋系统或消防喷淋系统未启动时也可以有效灭火，可以避免小火发展为不可控的大火，无需等待消防车前来救火，可以避免出现人员伤亡以及巨大的财产损失，极大地提高了安全性。另外，将发热元件设在凹槽内可以节省发热元件的占用空间，使整个灭火装置的结构简单，方便布置。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述凹槽包括凹槽底壁和两个凹槽侧壁，两个所述凹槽侧壁彼此相对，所述凹槽底壁连接在两个所述凹槽侧壁之间，所述发热元件与所述凹槽底壁和两个所述凹槽侧壁均接触。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述发热元件的加热时间为t，其中所述t满足：1s≤t≤30s。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述t进一步满足：3s≤t≤8s。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述灭火芯的燃点温度为T，其中所述T满足：200℃≤T≤1000℃。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述T进一步满足：400℃≤T≤550℃。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述发热元件为沿轴向螺旋延伸的发热丝绕组。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述壳体内限定出彼此隔离开的第一容纳腔和第二容纳腔，所述灭火芯设在所述第一容纳腔内，所述第二容纳腔内设有线路板和供电电池，所述供电电池与所述线路板电连接，所述发热元件的两端分别通过点火线与所述线路板电连接。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述线路板在休眠模式和工作模式之间可切换，所述线路板在首次通电时默认为工作模式，当所述线路板在预设时间内未接收到启动命令时，所述线路板由所述工作模式切换至所述休眠模式。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述壳体上设有网络接口，所述网络接口与所述线路板通讯连接，当所述线路板出现异常或所述供电电池的电压低于预定电压时，与所述网络接口通讯连接的远程控制台输出报警信号。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述灭火装置适用于有生物体存在的室内空间，所述壳体上形成有至少一个第一通孔；所述灭火芯为固体，所述灭火芯燃烧时产生无毒的灭火气体适于通过所述第一通孔喷向所述壳体外部。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述灭火装置还包括：至少两个报警器，至少两个所述报警器邻近所述壳体设置，所述壳体内设有线路板，所述灭火芯上设有发热元件，所述发热元件和所述线路板电连接，当至少两个所述报警器报警时所述线路板控制所述发热元件通电。
根据本公开的一些示例，每个所述报警器为烟感报警器、感温火灾探测器或红外感应报警器。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述壳体内设有线路板，所述壳体上设有网络接口，所述网络接口与所述线路板通讯连接，所述网络接口通过网络连线与远程控制器相连。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述壳体内设有线路板，所述线路板上设有触发部，所述壳体上设有按键，所述按键与所述触发部相对。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述灭火芯包括多个第一灭火芯和多个第二灭火芯，每个所述第一灭火芯上形成有所述凹槽，多个所述第一灭火芯上的多个所述发热元件构成多组发热元件组，每组所述发热元件组包括至少一个所述发热元件，多组所述发热元件组依次通电发热。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述第一灭火芯为三个，三个第一灭火芯上的三个所述发热元件依次通电发热。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述壳体的底部设有安装支架。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述壳体包括：第一壳体，所述第一壳体的顶部设有第一盖体，所述第一壳体和所述第一盖体之间限定出第一容纳腔，所述第一壳体的侧壁上部形成有沿周向间隔设置的多个第一通孔；第二壳体，所述第二壳体设在所述第一容纳腔内，所述第二壳体的侧壁与所述第一壳体的侧壁彼此间隔开，所述第二壳体的侧壁下部 形成有沿周向间隔设置的多个第二通孔，多个所述第二通孔与多个所述第一通孔错开设置，所述第二壳体内设有所述灭火芯，所述灭火芯燃烧产生的至少部分灭火气体经所述第一盖体反弹后，依次经所述第二通孔和所述第一通孔排出；罩体，所述罩体设在所述第一盖体的远离所述第一壳体的一侧，所述罩体与所述第一盖体之间限定出用于容纳线路板和供电电池的第二容纳腔。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述第一盖体的边缘设有向下延伸的翻边，所述翻边从上到下朝向远离所述第一壳体中心轴线的方向倾斜延伸。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述第二容纳腔内设有分隔板，所述分隔板与所述第一盖体上下间隔设置，所述线路板和所述供电电池设在所述分隔板的上方。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述分隔板上设有间隔设置的两个延伸板，每个所述延伸板沿朝向远离所述分隔板的方向延伸，两个所述延伸板与所述分隔板之间限定出容纳空间，所述供电电池容纳在所述容纳空间内。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述分隔板上具有弹性部，所述弹性部位于两个所述延伸板之间，所述弹性部上设有限位孔，所述限位孔的一端具有与所述分隔板的外周缘连通的开口，所述开口的尺寸小于所述限位孔的尺寸，所述供电电池底部设有限位凸起，所述限位凸起穿过所述开口配合在所述限位孔内，以限定所述供电电池的移动。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述分隔板上形成有贯穿所述分隔板的外周缘的安装口，所述弹性部与所述安装口的底壁相连且与所述安装口的两个侧壁彼此间隔开，所述弹性部具有朝向所述分隔板的外周缘延伸的两个弹性扣，两个所述弹性扣彼此间隔设置以限定出所述限位孔，两个所述弹性部的自由端具有彼此相对的扣部以限定出所述开口。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述供电电池具有电池壳，所述电池壳的底部形成有朝向远离所述分隔板的方向凹入的盲孔，所述盲孔位于所述开口处。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述第二壳体包括：本体，所述本体的顶部敞开，所述本体的侧壁与所述第一壳体的侧壁彼此间隔开，所述本体的侧壁上形成有间隔设置的多个所述第二通孔，所述本体内限定出第三容纳腔，所述第三容纳腔内设有所述灭火芯；第二盖体，所述第二盖体设在所述本体的顶部，所述第二盖体的对应所述第三容纳腔的部分与所述第一盖体上下间隔设置。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述本体包括：第一内壁，所述第一内壁形成为环形结构，所述第一内壁内限定出中空的引线通道，所述第一内壁设在所述第一容纳腔内；第二内壁，所述第二内壁环绕在所述第一内壁的外周侧，所述第二壳体的底壁与所述第一壳体的底壁上下间隔设置；连接壁，所述连接壁连接在所述第一内壁的底部和所述第二内壁的底部之间，所述连接壁、所述第一内壁和所述第二内壁共同限定出所述第三容纳腔，点火线穿过所述第二通孔和所述引线通道与所述线路板电连接。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述灭火芯为多个，多个所述灭火芯构成多组灭火芯组，多组所述灭火芯组沿所述第二壳体的径向排布，每组所述灭火芯组包括周向设置的多个所述灭火芯。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述灭火芯点燃后形成k型气溶胶。
本公开的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本公开的实践了解到。
附图说明
本公开的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1是根据本公开实施例的灭火装置的立体图；
图2是图1中所示的灭火装置的另一个角度的立体图；
图3是图1中所示的灭火装置的再一个角度的立体图；
图4是图1中所示的灭火装置的主视图；
图5是图1中所示的灭火装置的左视图；
图6是图1中所示的灭火装置的右视图；
图7是图1中所示的灭火装置的俯视图；
图8是图1中所示的灭火装置的仰视图；
图9是图1中所示的灭火装置的爆炸图，其中未示出按键；
图10是图1中所示的灭火装置的剖视图；
图11是图9中所示的灭火装置的第二壳体的本体的立体图；
图12是图9中所示的灭火装置的第二壳体的第二盖体的立体图；
图13是图9中所示的灭火装置的第一壳体的立体图；
图14是图9中所示的灭火装置的第一盖体的立体图；
图15是图9中所示的灭火装置的罩体的立体图；
图16是图9中所示的灭火装置的安装支架的立体图；
图17是根据本公开实施例的灭火芯、发热元件和点火线的示意图；
图18是图17中所示的灭火芯的立体图；
图19是图17中所示的发热元件的示意图；
图20a是根据本公开实施例的灭火装置的分隔板的示意图；
图20b是图20a中所示的分隔板的另一个角度的示意图；
图21是根据本公开实施例的灭火装置的电池上壳的示意图；
图22是根据本公开实施例的灭火装置的电池下壳的示意图；
图23是根据本公开实施例的灭火装置的按键的示意图；
图24是根据本公开实施例的灭火装置的保险片的示意图；
图25是根据本公开实施例的灭火装置的按键套的示意图；
图26是根据本公开实施例的灭火芯在第二壳体内的分布示意图；
图27是根据本公开实施例的线路板与远程控制台的示意图；
图28是根据本公开另一个实施例的灭火装置的立体图；
图29是图28中所示的灭火装置的灭火芯的排布示意图；
图30是根据本公开实施例的供电电池的立体图；
图31是图30中所示的供电电池的另一个角度的立体图；
图32是图30中所示的供电电池的再一个角度的立体图；
图33是图30中所示的供电电池的主视图；
图34是图30中所示的供电电池的左视图；
图35是图30中所示的供电电池的右视图；
图36是图30中所示的供电电池的仰视图；
图37是根据本公开实施例的供电电池的装配示意图；
图38是根据本公开实施例的灭火装置的局部立体图；
图39是图38中所示的灭火装置的的另一个角度的立体图。
附图标记：
100：灭火装置；
1：壳体；11：第一容纳腔；111：第一通孔；
12：第二容纳腔；121：线路板；122：供电电池；1221：限位凸起；
13：第一壳体；131：第一盖体；1311：翻边；14：第二壳体；
141：本体；1411：第三容纳腔；1412：第一内壁；
14121：引线通道；1413：第二内壁；1414：连接壁；
1415：第二通孔；142：第二盖体；15：罩体；151：安装孔；
16：按键；17：网络接口；2：灭火芯；21：凹槽；211：发热元件；
212：点火线；213：凹槽底壁；214：凹槽侧壁；
3：安装支架；4：分隔板；41：延伸板；411：容纳空间；
42：弹性部；421：限位孔；4211：开口；422：弹性扣；
4221：扣部；43：安装口；5：电池壳；51：电池上壳；
52：电池下壳；53：盲孔；6：保险片；7：按键套。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本公开的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本公开，而不能理解为对本公开的限制。
在本公开的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作， 因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。
需要说明的是，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。进一步地，在本公开的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
下面参考图1-图39描述根据本公开实施例的灭火装置100。
根据本公开实施例的灭火装置100，包括壳体1和至少一个灭火芯2。
具体而言，参照图17-图19和图26，灭火芯2设在壳体1内，灭火芯2上形成有凹槽21，凹槽21内设有发热元件211，发热元件211与凹槽21的内壁面接触。例如，在图17-图19和图26的示例中，壳体1内设有至少一个灭火芯2，发热元件211设在灭火芯2的凹槽21内，且凹槽21的内壁面与发热元件211接触。当室内起火时，发热元件211发热，由于发热元件211与凹槽21的内壁面接触，当发热元件211的温度达到灭火芯2的燃点时，灭火芯2被点燃并释放大量灭火气体，从而扑灭明火。由此，通过在灭火芯2上的凹槽21内设有发热元件211，且发热元件211与凹槽21的内壁面接触，发热元件211的热量可以直接有效地传递给灭火芯2，从而点燃灭火芯2使灭火芯2释放大量灭火气体，有效扑灭室内明火。而且，如此设置的灭火装置100在室内未安装消防喷淋系统或消防喷淋系统未启动时也可以有效灭火，可以避免小火发展为不可控的大火，无需等待消防车前来救火，可以避免出现人员伤亡以及巨大的财产损失，极大地提高了安全性。另外，将发热元件211设在凹槽21内可以节省发热元件211的占用空间，使整个灭火装置100的结构简单，方便布置。
根据本公开实施例的灭火装置100，通过将发热元件211设在灭火芯2上的凹槽21内，并使发热元件211与凹槽21的内壁面接触，发热元件211的热量可以有效传递给灭火芯2，从而快速点燃灭火芯2，使灭火芯2燃烧产生的大量灭火气体喷向室内，有效扑灭室内明火。而且，如此设置的灭火装置100在室内未安装消防喷淋系统或消防喷淋系统未启动时也可以有效灭火，可以避免小火发展为不可控的大火，无需等待消防车前来救火，可以避免出现人员伤亡以及巨大的财产损失，极大地提高了安全性。另外，将发热元件211设在凹槽21内可以节省发热元件211的占用空间，使整个灭火装置100的结构简单，方便布置。
在本公开的一些实施例中，参照图17和图18，凹槽21包括凹槽底壁213和两个凹槽侧壁214，两个凹槽侧壁214彼此相对，凹槽底壁213连接在两个凹槽侧壁214之间，发热元件211与凹槽底壁213和两个凹槽侧壁214均接触。由此，通过使发热元件211与凹槽底壁213和两个凹槽侧壁214均接触，增大了发热元件211与灭火芯2的接触面积，使发热元件211与灭火芯2实现三面接触，从而使发热元件211的热量可以有效传递给灭火芯2，使灭火芯2可以被迅速点燃并向室内释放大量灭火气体，实现快速灭火。
可选地，发热元件211的加热时间为t，其中t满足：1s≤t≤30s。具体地，例如，当时间t＜1s时，发热元件211的加热时间过短，发热元件211的温度可能达不到灭火 芯2的燃点温度，从而可能无法点燃灭火芯2，不能在起火初期迅速灭火；当时间t＞30s时，点火工作早已完成，而发热元件211还在加热，造成不必要的加热时间过长。其中，t优选3s≤t≤8s。由此，通过使发热元件211的加热时间t满足：1s≤t≤30s，保证灭火芯2在起火初期能够被点燃，实现迅速灭火。
可选地，灭火芯2的燃点温度为T，其中T满足：200℃≤T≤1000℃。由此，当200℃≤T≤1000℃时，可以在起火初期迅速点燃灭火芯2，使灭火芯2释放的灭火气体可以充满室内，有效扑灭室内明火，且可以保证灭火的准确性，防止灭火芯2误点燃。进一步可选地，T进一步满足：400℃≤T≤550℃。
可选地，灭火芯2在湿度95％以下可以正常燃烧。
在本公开的一些实施例中，如图17和图19所示，发热元件211为沿轴向螺旋延伸的发热丝绕组。如此设置，发热元件211凝聚热的能力较高，可以形成热涡流，从而可以迅速点燃灭火芯2，实现灭火。
可选地，发热丝绕组可采用顺时针或逆时针绕法，发热丝绕组的外径与凹槽21宽度一致或略小。其中，发热丝绕组的圈数为C，C满足：1≤C≤10，C优选满足：3≤C≤5。发热丝绕组的线径为φ，其中φ满足：0.1mm≤φ≤2.0mm，φ优选满足：0.2mm≤φ≤0.4mm。发热丝绕组的圈间距为S,其中所述S满足：0.5mm≤S≤5.0mm，S优选步满足：1.0mm≤S≤1.5mm。
在本公开的一些具体实施例中，参照图9、图10和图17，壳体1内限定出彼此隔离开的第一容纳腔11和第二容纳腔12，灭火芯2设在第一容纳腔11内，第二容纳腔12内设有线路板121和供电电池122，供电电池122与线路板121电连接，发热元件211的两端分别通过点火线212与线路板121电连接。例如，在图9、图10和图17的示例中，第一容纳腔11和第二容纳腔12彼此隔离开，线路板121和供电电池122设在第二容纳腔12内。其中，供电电池122用于给线路板121供电。第一容纳腔11内设有灭火芯2。发热元件211的两端分别连接有点火线212，点火线212与线路板121电连接。例如，当第一容纳腔11内的灭火芯2燃烧时，第一容纳腔11内的温度会迅速上升，例如可以达到1000℃高温，但由于第一容纳腔11和第二容纳腔12彼此物理隔离开，第一容纳腔11内的高温不会影响线路板121或供电电池122的正常工作。可选地，第一容纳腔11和第二容纳腔12之间可以设有隔热垫例如硅酸铝陶瓷纤维隔热垫，以进一步减小热传递。由此，通过使壳体1内限定出彼此隔离开的第一容纳腔11和第二容纳腔12，可以有效避免高温对第二容纳腔12内的线路板121和供电电池122的伤害。其中，壳体1可以为金属壳体，以实现快速散热。
在本公开的一些可选实施例中，结合图27，线路板121在休眠模式和工作模式之间可切换，线路板121在首次通电时默认为工作模式，当线路板121在预设时间内未接收到启动命令时，线路板121由工作模式切换至休眠模式。例如，当线路板121首次通电时，线路板121默认为工作模式，此时线路板121处于清醒状态。当在预设时间内未接收到启动命令时，线路板121将自动进入休眠模式。需要说明的是，当线路板121为休 眠模式时，电器元件关闭，只有一个控制单元有较低电量的供电或监控，当线路板121接收到启动命令后，可以通过上述控制单元唤醒其它电器单元。由此，通过上述设置，可以减小线路板121的耗电量，延长供电电池122的使用寿命。
在本公开的一些实施例中，参照图27，壳体1上设有网络接口17，网络接口17与线路板121通讯连接，线路板121出现异常或供电电池122的电压低于预定电压时，与网络接口17通讯连接的远程控制台输出报警信号。其中，灭火装置100可以通过布线至远程控制台，远程控制台可以设有唤醒按钮和自检按钮。当进行点火程序检测时，可以依次点击唤醒按钮和自检按钮，让线路板121切换至工作模式，当远程访问监测时检测到程序正常则返回一个状态信号给远程控制台，如不正常将返回一个警告信号，提示检修。
例如，灭火芯2可以包括多个第一灭火芯(如图17、图18和图26所示)和多个第二灭火芯(图未示出)，每个第一灭火芯上形成有凹槽21，线路板121适于控制多个第一灭火芯上的多个发热元件211依次通电。例如当第一灭火芯为三个时，线路板121控制三个第一灭火芯上的三个发热元件211依次通电。三个发热元件211分别对应线路板121上的三个通道，例如可以分别为1通道、2通道和3通道。网络接口17与线路板121通讯连接，外部可通过受限网络权限访问灭火装置100，远程命令执行模拟点火程序测试功能，检查线路板121是否工作正常。具体地，当进行点火程序检测时，将线路板121上的点火程序模拟运行一次，即1通道通电若干秒后，再到2通道通电相同秒数，最后到3通道也通电相同秒数，此时并不对发热元件211真实通电点火。通过上述过程，可以实现线路板121的健康反馈功能。
供电电池122位于第二容纳腔12内，当线路板121为休眠模式时，所消耗的几乎是供电电池122自身自放电，有着稳定的自耗电曲线。然而，长时间的自耗电同样会有临界值，当低于点火要求的电压值时，就需要更换供电电池122。在设计线路板121时，点火线212路会通过远程布线，在远程控制台可以实时访问到供电电池122电压，并能显示到云系统上，当电压降低达到警报数值时，系统会给出低压报警，方便后台管理员通知专人前往该灭火装置100更换供电电池122。
由此，通过上述设置，可以实现线路板121的健康反馈和供电电池122的电压反馈，保证灭火装置100可以正常运行，实现有效灭火。
可选地，发热元件211可以为镍铬合金电阻丝等。由此，当发热元件211为镍铬合金电阻丝时，镍铬合金电阻丝在高温环境中的强度高，长期高温运行不易变形，不易改变结构，且镍铬合金电阻丝的常温塑性好，变形后的修复较为简单。而且，镍铬合金电阻丝的辐射率高、不带磁性、耐腐蚀能力好且使用寿命长。当然，发热元件211还可以为其他可以通过通电发热的材料，而不限于镍铬合金电阻丝。
在本公开的一些实施例中，灭火装置100可以适用于有生物体存在的室内空间。需要说明的是，“室内空间”指建筑物的内部，也就是建筑物的内部空间，例如居民楼、公寓、写字楼、商场、饭店厨房、大中小仓库或酒店的房间内或楼道内等。当然，灭火 装置100也可以在密闭空间内使用，例如矿井、储油罐、沙井、坑道、泵房或计算机房等。
壳体1上形成有至少一个第一通孔111，灭火芯2为固体，灭火芯2燃烧时产生无毒的灭火气体适于通过第一通孔111喷向壳体1外部。例如，灭火芯2可以是一种基于气溶胶的凝结灭火剂，它是可燃成分/组分的特殊混合物，主要成分为硝酸钾、双氰胺和有机树脂三种物质组成，在制成品后以固态存在，没有压缩气体，且物理特性稳定，可在零下60℃至零上160℃内存储。一旦被高温加热到某个温度区间，即会剧烈燃烧并释放大量灭火气体(灭火气体经毒性测试报告，为安全无毒无害的)充满(全覆盖或全淹没)整个室内空间，灭火芯2燃烧产生的钾离子进入到火焰链中把氧离子、氢离子和氢氧根离子带走，从而打断火焰链，导致火不能继续燃烧，但不会消耗空气中的氧气，从而实现灭火作用。其中，壳体1不是压力容器，灭火装置100是非加压气体装置，当灭火装置100点火后，把无压固体灭火芯2燃烧成有压力的灭火气体释放出来，达到需压力容器喷射出来的效果，而灭火装置100可以免维护，无需监测气压，且无需外部电源。由此，由于灭火芯2燃烧产生无毒的灭火气体，使整个灭火装置100具备灭火安全性，适用于有生物体(例如人)存在的室内空间。而且，由于灭火芯2为固体，无需压缩气体推动，使壳体1内无压力存在，无需定期维护保养。另外，由于灭火芯2自身含氧化剂，可以无需消耗室内空间的氧气。
在本公开的一些实施例中，参照图10、图17和图26，灭火装置100还包括至少两个报警器(图未示出)，至少两个报警器邻近壳体1设置。壳体1内设有线路板121，灭火芯2上设有发热元件211，线路板121和发热元件211电连接，当至少两个报警器报警时线路板121控制发热元件211通电。例如，当壳体1上设有两个报警器时，如果两个报警器同时报警，则视为火警，通过网络专用连线向线路板121直接发出启动命令，从而智能自主启动，实现“无人值守”功能；当只有一个报警器报警时，云端APP可以启动推送功能，通过运营商的4G或5G信号，把事发区域的监控视频推送到系统管理员的手机上，同时提供“灭火”和“取消”两个选择按钮，由管理员决定操作。由此，通过上述设置，实现了灭火装置100的智能自主启动，且可以提高灭火的准确性和可靠性。其中，每个报警器可以为烟感报警器、感温火灾探测器或红外感应报警器等。
在本公开的一些实施例中，如图5所示，壳体1内设有线路板121，壳体1上设有网络接口17，网络接口17与线路板121通讯连接，网络接口17通过网络连线与远程控制器相连。例如，线路板121上可以设有跳线接脚，通过网络连线可布线接到室外专用控制盒的启动按钮(图未示出)。其中，跳线接脚与现场手动启动功能相同，当按下室外控制盒上的启动按钮时，可以实现远程启动。由此，可以实现灭火装置100的远程启动。
在本公开的一些实施例中，参照图10和图23，壳体1内设有线路板121，线路板121上设有触发部(图未示出)，壳体1上设有按键16，按键16与触发部相对。例如，当室内起火时，操作人员可以按压壳体1上的按键16，使按键16与触发部接触，触发 部被触发后，线路板121控制发热元件211通电，发热元件211发热后点燃灭火芯2，实现灭火，由此，通过设置上述的按键16和触发部，可以实现灭火装置100的现场手动启动，使灭火芯2燃烧产生的灭火气体有效扑灭室内明火。
在本公开的进一步实施例中，灭火芯2包括多个第一灭火芯(如图17、图18和图26所示)和多个第二灭火芯(图未示出)，每个第一灭火芯上形成有凹槽21，多个第一灭火芯上的多个发热元件211构成多组发热元件组，每组发热元件组包括至少一个发热元件211，多组发热元件组依次通电发热。在本公开的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。多个第二灭火芯上未设置凹槽21，从而第二灭火芯上无发热元件211。其中，第一灭火芯负责点火，而第二灭火芯紧挨在其旁边，当第一灭火芯成功点燃，其燃烧温度在1000℃左右，在第一容纳腔11的狭小空间内，会把周边所有第二灭火芯都点燃，形成“火烧连营”效果，得益于壳内空间设计，不必要把所有灭火芯2都做成第一灭火芯，这样可以大幅减少发热元件211组的数量和供电电池122的数量。为了便于描述，将首先通电的一组发热元件组称为“第一组发热元件组”。例如，当室内起火时，多组发热元件组可以在线路板121的控制下依次排队通电发热，第一组发热元件组发热后可以点燃第一组发热元件组中的发热元件211所在的第一灭火芯，被点燃的第一灭火芯可以引燃其余的第一灭火芯及第二灭火芯，达到“火烧连营”的效果，从而释放灭火气体，实现室内灭火。在第一组发热元件组之后通电的发热元件组起到冗余备份的作用，以在第一组发热元件组点火失败时实现补点火。由此，通过设置上述的多组发热元件组，多组发热元件组可以保证在起火初期灭火芯2能够被及时点燃，从而释放大量灭火气体，实现灭火，极大地提高了灭火装置100灭火的可靠性。
可选地，参照图26，第一灭火芯可以为三个，三个第一灭火芯上的三个发热元件211依次通电发热。其中，三个第一灭火芯上的三个发热元件211可以按照程序“1通道-2通道-3通道”依次通电发热。由此，可以实现“三度冗余”保障，即当三个发热元件211中的其中一个或其中两个有故障导致点火失败时，另外一个发热元件211可以确保点火成功。图26中显示了三个第一灭火芯用于示例说明的目的，但是普通技术人员在阅读了本申请的技术方案之后、显然可以理解将该方案应用到其它数量的第一灭火芯的技术方案中，这也落入本公开的保护范围之内。
可选地，参照图1-图9和图16，壳体1的底部设有安装支架3。安装支架3可以与壳体1可拆卸地相连。由此，通过设置上述的安装支架3，方便灭火装置100的安装，使灭火装置100可以适用于多种安装环境，例如，可以吊顶使用、挂壁使用或直接放在桌上使用。
在本公开的一些实施例中，如图1、图2和图9-图15所示，壳体1包括第一壳体13、第二壳体14和罩体15。具体而言，第一壳体13的顶部设有第一盖体131，第一壳体13和第一盖体131之间限定出第一容纳腔11，第一壳体13的侧壁上部形成有沿周向间隔设置的多个第一通孔111。第二壳体14设在第一容纳腔11内，第二壳体14的侧壁与第一壳体13的侧壁彼此间隔开，第二壳体14的侧壁下部形成有沿周向间隔设 置的多个第二通孔1415，多个第二通孔1415与多个第一通孔111错开设置，第二壳体14内设有灭火芯2，灭火芯2燃烧产生的至少部分灭火气体经第一盖体131反弹后，依次经第二通孔1415和第一通孔111排出。
例如，在图1、图2、图9-图15的示例中，第一容纳腔11由第一盖体131和第一壳体13共同限定出，第一壳体13的侧壁上形成有多个第一通孔111，且多个第一通孔111间隔设置。第二壳体14容纳在第一容纳腔11内，第二壳体14的侧壁与第一壳体13的侧壁内外间隔设置，多个第二通孔1415形成在第二壳体14的侧壁上，且多个第二通孔1415间隔设置，灭火芯2设在第二壳体14内。当点燃灭火芯2时，灭火芯2燃烧释放的灭火气体首先从多个第二通孔1415喷出，由于多个第二通孔1415与多个第一通孔111错开设置，从第二通孔1415喷出的气体会沿第一壳体13的内壁流向多个第一通孔111，最终从多个第一通孔111喷向室内，实现快速灭火。由此，通过设置第一壳体13和第二壳体14且使第二壳体14的侧壁与第一壳体13的侧壁彼此间隔开，第二壳体14内的灭火芯2燃烧产生的高温不会全部释放至第一壳体13，可以有效降低多个第一通孔111处的温度(例如，表面温度可以降至500℃-600℃)。而且，通过使多个第二通孔1415与多个第一通孔111错开设置，可以延长灭火气体的喷射路径，防止灭火芯2燃烧产生的火焰残留物随灭火气体一同喷向室内，使火焰残留物可以保留在第一容纳腔11内。
多个第一通孔111形成在第一壳体13的上部，且多个第一通孔111沿第一壳体13的周向均匀间隔设置。多个第二通孔1415形成在第二壳体14的下部，且多个第二通孔1415沿第二壳体14的周向均匀间隔设置。由此，通过上述设置，灭火气体可以从多个周向间隔设置的第一通孔111均匀喷向室内，使灭火气体可以360°散开，迅速充满整个室内空间，实现快速灭火。
罩体15设在第一盖体131的远离第一壳体13的一侧，罩体15与第一盖体131之间限定出用于容纳线路板121和供电电池122的第二容纳腔12。例如，在图9、图10和图17的示例中，第一容纳腔11和第二容纳腔12彼此隔离开，线路板121和供电电池122设在第二容纳腔12内。其中，供电电池122用于给线路板121供电。第一容纳腔11内设有灭火芯2。发热元件211的两端分别连接有点火线212，点火线212与线路板121电连接。例如，当第一容纳腔11内的灭火芯2燃烧时，第一容纳腔11内的温度会迅速上升，例如可以达到1000℃高温，但由于第一容纳腔11和第二容纳腔12彼此隔离开，第一容纳腔11内的高温不会影响线路板121或供电电池122的正常工作。由此，通过设置上述的罩体15并使罩体15与第一盖体131之间限定出第二容纳腔12，可以有效避免高温对第二容纳腔12内的线路板121和供电电池122的伤害。
可选地，结合图1-图6、图9、图10和图14，第一盖体131的边缘设有向下延伸的翻边1311，翻边1311从上到下朝向远离第一壳体13中心轴线的方向倾斜延伸。由此，通过使第一盖体131的边缘设有向下延伸的翻边1311，使灭火气体从第一通孔111喷出后会喷向上述翻边1311，从而使灭火气体可以改变喷射路径，向下喷出，避免现 场启动灭火装置100时直接喷到人，提高了灭火装置100的安全性，且保证灭火气体可以覆盖整个室内空间，实现快速灭火。
可选地，参照图9和、图20a和图20b，第二容纳腔12内设有分隔板4，分隔板4与第一盖体131上下间隔设置，线路板121和供电电池122设在分隔板4的上方。由此，通过设置上述的分隔板4，分隔板4可以对第二容纳腔12内的线路板121和供电电池122起到保护作用，有效防止了第二壳体14内的高温对第二容纳腔12内的线路板121和供电电池122产生影响。
在本公开的一些实施例中，如图20a和图20b所示，分隔板4上设有间隔设置的两个延伸板41，每个延伸板41沿朝向远离分隔板4的方向延伸，两个延伸板41与分隔板4之间限定出容纳空间411，供电电池122容纳在容纳空间411内。如此设置，供电电池122可以被限定在两个延伸板41和分隔板4之间，限定了供电电池122的移动，使整个灭火装置100的结构更加稳定。
在本公开的进一步实施例中，参照图30-图39，分隔板4上具有弹性部42，弹性部42位于两个延伸板41之间，弹性部42上设有限位孔421，限位孔421的一端具有与分隔板4的外周缘连通的开口4211，开口4211的尺寸小于限位孔421的尺寸，供电电池122底部设有限位凸起1221，限位凸起1221穿过开口4211配合在限位孔421内，以限定供电电池122的移动。由此，通过使开口4211的尺寸小于限位孔421的尺寸且限位凸起1221配合在限位孔421内，可以起到很好的限位作用，防止供电电池122被意外取走。
需要说明的是，上述“尺寸”可以指宽度，直径等，尺寸的含义可以根据由于开口4211和限位孔421的形状而定，在此处不作限定。
在本公开的一些具体实施例中，结合图20b和图37，分隔板4上形成有贯穿分隔板4的外周缘的安装口43，弹性部42与安装口43的底壁相连且与安装口43的两个侧壁彼此间隔开，弹性部42具有朝向分隔板4的外周缘延伸的两个弹性扣422，两个弹性扣422彼此间隔设置以限定出限位孔421，两个弹性部42的自由端具有彼此相对的扣部4221以限定出开口4211。
例如，在图20b和图37的示例中，每个弹性部42的自由端均具有斜面，以起到导向作用。安装时，使供电电池122沿延伸板41的长度方向滑入容纳空间411内。当供电电池122底部的限位凸起1221经过弹性部42自由端的斜面到达扣部4221时，由于开口4211的尺寸小于限位凸起1221的尺寸，此时两个弹性部42自由端的扣部4221在限位凸起1221的作用下会朝向背离彼此的方向移动。当限位凸起1221完全进入限位孔421内时，两个弹性部42自由端的扣部4221恢复原状，对供电电池122呈包围封锁状态，不能再自由取出。由此，通过上述设置，可以对供电电池122起到很好的保护作用，使供电电池122不能被轻易取出。而且，如此设置，结构简单，零部件较少，可以免除螺丝紧固的繁琐，方便安装。
可选地，参照图30-图39，供电电池122具有电池壳5，电池壳5的底部形成有朝 向远离分隔板4的方向凹入的盲孔53，盲孔53位于开口4211处。例如，在图30-图39的示例中，上述盲孔53为圆孔，当供电电池122安装完成后，电池壳5的表面弧线与罩体15的表面弧线完全吻合，没有抽拉提手，罩体15与第一盖体131之间的隔层空间无法容纳手指，因此无法徒手取出供电电池122。当需要更换或检修供电电池122时，由于盲孔53可以从开口4211处露出，可以用一支带90°弯曲的专用工具，从隔层中插入电池壳5底部的盲孔53，以把供电电池122勾拉出来。由此，可以起到很好的防拆作用，防止供电电池122被轻易拆下。
可选地，参照图21和图22，电池壳5可以包括电池上壳51和电池下壳52，电池上壳51和电池下壳52可以通过卡扣结构连接。
在本公开的一些具体实施例中，结合图9-图12，第二壳体14包括本体141和第二盖体142。本体141的顶部敞开，本体141的侧壁与第一壳体13的侧壁彼此间隔开，本体141的侧壁上形成有间隔设置的多个第二通孔1415，本体141内限定出第三容纳腔1411，第三容纳腔1411内设有灭火芯2。第二盖体142设在本体141的顶部，第二盖体142的对应第三容纳腔1411的部分与第一盖体131上下间隔设置。例如，在图9-图12的示例中，多个第二通孔1415形成在本体141的侧壁上，本体141的顶部设有第二盖体142，灭火芯2设在第三容纳腔1411内。可选地，本体141的顶部边缘可以水平向外延伸，第二盖体142的边缘与本体141的边缘相对，第二盖体142的边缘可以通过螺纹紧固件与本体141的边缘连接紧固。第二盖体142的中部与第三容纳腔1411相对，且第二盖体142的中部与第一盖体131上下间隔设置。由此，通过使第二盖体142的对应第三容纳腔1411的部分与第一盖体131上下间隔设置，可以有效隔离开第二容纳腔12与第三容纳腔1411，进一步防止第三容纳腔1411内的高温损坏第二容纳腔12内的线路板121和供电电池122。
可选地，第二盖体142与第一盖体131之间可以设有隔热垫例如硅酸铝陶瓷纤维隔热垫，以进一步减小热传递，有效防止第三容纳腔1411内的高温对线路板121和供电电池122产生影响。
进一步地，参照图10和图11，本体141包括第一内壁1412、第二内壁1413和连接壁1414。具体地，第一内壁1412形成为环形结构，第一内壁1412内限定出中空的引线通道14121，第一内壁1412设在第一容纳腔11内。第二内壁1413环绕在第一内壁1412的外周侧。连接壁1414连接在第一内壁1412的底部和第二内壁1413的底部之间，连接壁1414、第一内壁1412和第二内壁1413共同限定出第三容纳腔1411，点火线212穿过第二通孔1415和引线通道14121与线路板121电连接。由此，通过设置上述的第一内壁1412、第二内壁1413和连接壁1414且第一内壁1412内限定出中空的引线通道14121，缩短了点火线212的走线路径，点火线212的长度可以较小，从而可以减少点火线212的用料，降低成本。而且，如此设置，可以无需额外占用走线空间，使整个灭火装置100的结构更加合理紧凑。
可选地，如图10所示，第二壳体14的底壁与第一壳体13的底壁上下间隔设置。 如此设置，第二壳体14的底壁与第一壳体13的底壁之间可以用于容纳灭火芯2燃烧产生的火焰残留物，防止灭火芯2燃烧产生的火焰残留物影响灭火气体的喷射。
在本公开的一些可选实施例中，参照图26，灭火芯2为多个，多个灭火芯2构成多组灭火芯组，多组灭火芯组沿第二壳体14的径向排布，每组灭火芯组包括周向设置的多个灭火芯2。例如，在图26的示例中示出了两组灭火芯组，每组灭火芯组中的多个灭火芯2沿第二壳体14的周向设置，每个灭火芯2大体为圆柱形。其中，每个灭火芯2燃烧产生的灭火气体可以灭3.3立方米空间的火。由此，通过上述设置，灭火芯2的布置合理，使灭火气体可以从多个第一通孔111均匀喷出，实现迅速灭火。
当然，本公开不限于此，在本公开的另一些可选实施例中，结合图28和图29，多组灭火芯组并列设置，且多组灭火芯组紧密排布，相邻两组灭火芯组中的相邻两个灭火芯2错开布置，每组灭火芯组中的多个灭火芯2无间隔紧密排布。如此设置，第二壳体内可以容纳数量更多的灭火芯2，从而可以实现较大空间内的灭火。
需要说明的是，灭火芯的排布方式还可以有多种，例如各种线性阵列排布，而不限于以上两种。
可选地，结合图24，灭火装置100还包括保险片6，保险片6位于按键16与罩体15之间。由此，当室内未起火时，保险片6可以卡住按键16，使按键16与触发部不接触，以防止误触发；当室内起火时，可以拔出保险片6，按压按键16使按键16与线路板121的触发部相接触，从而使线路板121控制发热元件211通电发热。
可选地，灭火芯2点燃后形成k型气溶胶。其中，k型气溶胶的代表化学成分为硝酸钾。
需要说明的是，本申请的灭火装置100属于气溶胶灭火器(aerosol extinguisher)。气溶胶是物质在气体中的胶态混合物。胶态是物质以精细地分布方式在液体或气体中存在的状态，其中，粒子大于分子且小于悬浮中的粒子。在这种状态中，气溶胶是干的、悬浮的物质，该悬浮的物质在第一种情形中表现为混乱的白烟。只要在空间内存在极大的温差,则该物质仍在悬浮中。灭火机制如下；在干的固体灭火剂的触发后,其作为干的气溶胶排出。干的气溶胶凭借通过结合自由基于涉燃烧过程的连锁反应而化学地灭火。结合自由基阻止了在物质的外部表面层中能够与其它物质反应的自由电子，从而中断燃烧过程。在于的气溶胶中的微小尺寸的粒子的表面上主要地发生了两个作用。粒子越小，机制的作用越有效。气溶胶灭火器由包含固体形式的灭火剂的无压容器组成。该物质在电点火或热点火后燃烧。微观地细灭火粉此处在高速下以雾的形式排出。该雾像气体一样扩散且是高效的灭火剂。但是，这些灭火器的应用的领域迄今为止仍限制于较小的封闭空间，以达到所期望的集中。
可选地，参照图9和图25，灭火装置100进一步包括按键套7，按键套7固定在罩体15上，与按键16相连。例如，参照图9和图25，罩体15的顶部可以形成有安装孔151，按键套7设在安装孔151处，按键16设在按键套7上。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示意性实施 例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本公开的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。
尽管已经示出和描述了本公开的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本公开的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本公开的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (29)

  1. 一种灭火装置，其特征在于，包括：
    壳体；
    至少一个灭火芯，所述灭火芯设在所述壳体内，所述灭火芯上形成有凹槽，所述凹槽内设有发热元件，所述发热元件与所述凹槽的内壁面接触。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的灭火装置，其特征在于，所述凹槽包括凹槽底壁和两个凹槽侧壁，两个所述凹槽侧壁彼此相对，所述凹槽底壁连接在两个所述凹槽侧壁之间，所述发热元件与所述凹槽底壁和两个所述凹槽侧壁均接触。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的灭火装置，其特征在于，所述发热元件的加热时间为t，其中所述t满足：1s≤t≤30s。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的灭火装置，其特征在于，所述t进一步满足：3s≤t≤8s。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的灭火装置，其特征在于，所述灭火芯的燃点温度为T，其中所述T满足：200℃≤T≤1000℃。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的灭火装置，其特征在于，所述T进一步满足：400℃≤T≤550℃。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的灭火装置，其特征在于，所述发热元件为沿轴向螺旋延伸的发热丝绕组。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的灭火装置，其特征在于，所述壳体内限定出彼此隔离开的第一容纳腔和第二容纳腔，所述灭火芯设在所述第一容纳腔内，所述第二容纳腔内设有线路板和供电电池，所述供电电池与所述线路板电连接，所述发热元件的两端分别通过点火线与所述线路板电连接。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的灭火装置，其特征在于，所述线路板在休眠模式和工作模式之间可切换，所述线路板在首次通电时默认为工作模式，当所述线路板在预设时间内未接收到启动命令时，所述线路板由所述工作模式切换至所述休眠模式。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的灭火装置，其特征在于，所述壳体上设有网络接口，所述网络接口与所述线路板通讯连接，当所述线路板出现异常或所述供电电池的电压低于预定电压时，与所述网络接口通讯连接的远程控制台输出报警信号。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的灭火装置，其特征在于，所述灭火装置适用于有生物体存在的室内空间，所述壳体上形成有至少一个第一通孔；
    所述灭火芯为固体，所述灭火芯燃烧时产生无毒的灭火气体适于通过所述第一通孔喷向所述壳体外部。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的灭火装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    至少两个报警器，至少两个所述报警器邻近所述壳体设置，
    所述壳体内设有线路板，所述灭火芯上设有发热元件，所述发热元件和所述线路板电连接，当至少两个所述报警器报警时所述线路板控制所述发热元件通电。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的灭火装置，其特征在于，每个所述报警器为烟感报警器、感温火灾探测器或红外感应报警器。
  14. 根据权利要求11-13中任一项所述的灭火装置，其特征在于，所述壳体内设有线路板，所述壳体上设有网络接口，所述网络接口与所述线路板通讯连接，所述网络接口通过网络连线与远程控制器相连。
  15. 根据权利要求11-14中任一项所述的灭火装置，其特征在于，所述壳体内设有线路板，所述线路板上设有触发部，
    所述壳体上设有按键，所述按键与所述触发部相对。
  16. 根据权利要求1-15中任一项所述的灭火装置，其特征在于，所述灭火芯包括多个第一灭火芯和多个第二灭火芯，每个所述第一灭火芯上形成有所述凹槽，多个所述第一灭火芯上的多个所述发热元件构成多组发热元件组，每组所述发热元件组包括至少一个所述发热元件，多组所述发热元件组依次通电发热。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的灭火装置，其特征在于，所述第一灭火芯为三个，三个第一灭火芯上的三个所述发热元件依次通电发热。
  18. 根据权利要求1-17中任一项所述的灭火装置，其特征在于，所述壳体的底部设有安装支架。
  19. 根据权利要求1-18中任一项所述的灭火装置，其特征在于，所述壳体包括：
    第一壳体，所述第一壳体的顶部设有第一盖体，所述第一壳体和所述第一盖体之间限定出第一容纳腔，所述第一壳体的侧壁上部形成有沿周向间隔设置的多个第一通孔；
    第二壳体，所述第二壳体设在所述第一容纳腔内，所述第二壳体的侧壁与所述第一壳体的侧壁彼此间隔开，所述第二壳体的侧壁下部形成有沿周向间隔设置的多个第二通孔，多个所述第二通孔与多个所述第一通孔错开设置，所述第二壳体内设有所述灭火芯，所述灭火芯燃烧产生的至少部分灭火气体经所述第一盖体反弹后，依次经所述第二通孔和所述第一通孔排出；
    罩体，所述罩体设在所述第一盖体的远离所述第一壳体的一侧，所述罩体与所述第一盖体之间限定出用于容纳线路板和供电电池的第二容纳腔。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的灭火装置，其特征在于，所述第一盖体的边缘设有向下延伸的翻边，所述翻边从上到下朝向远离所述第一壳体中心轴线的方向倾斜延伸。
  21. 根据权利要求19或20所述的灭火装置，其特征在于，所述第二容纳腔内设有分隔板，所述分隔板与所述第一盖体上下间隔设置，所述线路板和所述供电电池设在所述分隔板的上方。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的灭火装置，其特征在于，所述分隔板上设有间隔设置的两个延伸板，每个所述延伸板沿朝向远离所述分隔板的方向延伸，两个所述延伸板与所述分隔板之间限定出容纳空间，所述供电电池容纳在所述容纳空间内。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的灭火装置，其特征在于，所述分隔板上具有弹性部，所述弹性部位于两个所述延伸板之间，所述弹性部上设有限位孔，所述限位孔的一端具 有与所述分隔板的外周缘连通的开口，所述开口的尺寸小于所述限位孔的尺寸，
    所述供电电池底部设有限位凸起，所述限位凸起穿过所述开口配合在所述限位孔内，以限定所述供电电池的移动。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的灭火装置，其特征在于，所述分隔板上形成有贯穿所述分隔板的外周缘的安装口，所述弹性部与所述安装口的底壁相连且与所述安装口的两个侧壁彼此间隔开，所述弹性部具有朝向所述分隔板的外周缘延伸的两个弹性扣，两个所述弹性扣彼此间隔设置以限定出所述限位孔，两个所述弹性部的自由端具有彼此相对的扣部以限定出所述开口。
  25. 根据权利要求23或24所述的灭火装置，其特征在于，所述供电电池具有电池壳，所述电池壳的底部形成有朝向远离所述分隔板的方向凹入的盲孔，所述盲孔位于所述开口处。
  26. 根据权利要求19-25中任一项所述的灭火装置，其特征在于，所述第二壳体包括：
    本体，所述本体的顶部敞开，所述本体的侧壁与所述第一壳体的侧壁彼此间隔开，所述本体的侧壁上形成有间隔设置的多个所述第二通孔，所述本体内限定出第三容纳腔，所述第三容纳腔内设有所述灭火芯；
    第二盖体，所述第二盖体设在所述本体的顶部，所述第二盖体的对应所述第三容纳腔的部分与所述第一盖体上下间隔设置。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的灭火装置，其特征在于，所述本体包括：
    第一内壁，所述第一内壁形成为环形结构，所述第一内壁内限定出中空的引线通道，所述第一内壁设在所述第一容纳腔内；
    第二内壁，所述第二内壁环绕在所述第一内壁的外周侧，所述第二壳体的底壁与所述第一壳体的底壁上下间隔设置；
    连接壁，所述连接壁连接在所述第一内壁的底部和所述第二内壁的底部之间，所述连接壁、所述第一内壁和所述第二内壁共同限定出所述第三容纳腔，点火线穿过所述第二通孔和所述引线通道与所述线路板电连接。
  28. 根据权利要求20-27中任一项所述的灭火装置，其特征在于，所述灭火芯为多个，多个所述灭火芯构成多组灭火芯组，多组所述灭火芯组沿所述第二壳体的径向排布，每组所述灭火芯组包括周向设置的多个所述灭火芯。
  29. 根据权利要求1-28中任一项所述的灭火装置，其特征在于，所述灭火芯点燃后形成k型气溶胶。
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