WO2021201812A1 - Two-wheeled vehicle - Google Patents

Two-wheeled vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021201812A1
WO2021201812A1 PCT/UA2021/000019 UA2021000019W WO2021201812A1 WO 2021201812 A1 WO2021201812 A1 WO 2021201812A1 UA 2021000019 W UA2021000019 W UA 2021000019W WO 2021201812 A1 WO2021201812 A1 WO 2021201812A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
drive
gear
rigidly connected
sun gear
driven
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/UA2021/000019
Other languages
French (fr)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Сергей Богданович ШИМКИВ
Original Assignee
Сергей Богданович ШИМКИВ
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Application filed by Сергей Богданович ШИМКИВ filed Critical Сергей Богданович ШИМКИВ
Publication of WO2021201812A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021201812A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K11/00—Motorcycles, engine-assisted cycles or motor scooters with one or two wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M11/00—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels
    • B62M11/04—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels of changeable ratio
    • B62M11/14—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels of changeable ratio with planetary gears
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M9/00—Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like
    • B62M9/02—Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like of unchangeable ratio

Definitions

  • the invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to two-wheeled vehicles such as bicycles and motorcycles.
  • Two-wheeled vehicles such as motorcycles and bicycles are widely known (https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C% D0% BE% D 1% 82% D0% BE% D 1% 86% D0% B 8 % D0% BA% D0% BB; htps: // www. Britannic.com/technology/motorcycle; ttps: //www.britannica.com/technology/bicycle) that contain a frame to which the front and rear wheels.
  • the front wheel is steered and driven, while the rear wheel is steered but driven.
  • various dynamic forces arise that affect safety and driving comfort. For example, when accelerating, the front wheels are unloaded, and the rear wheels are unloaded, while decelerating, the front wheels are unloaded, and the rear wheels are unloaded.
  • the drive wheel is one rear wheel, the ability to instantly realize all the power when accelerating is reduced. Starting off with high acceleration or sudden acceleration while driving results in a force that tends to raise the front of the two-wheeled vehicle.
  • the closest to the 1st version of the proposed solution is a two-wheeled vehicle (patent US 8075011 B1, publ. 13.12.2011), containing a frame on which the front and rear wheels, steering wheel, rear wheel drive are fixed.
  • the drive is made in the form of a chain drive, where the driven element is a driven sprocket of the chain drive, rigidly connected to the rear wheel hub.
  • the device contains a wheelie-stand made in the form of an additional wheel located behind the rear wheel and attached to the frame with a special fastener. As a result of this design change, the threat of the over-throwing moment is eliminated.
  • the disadvantage of the design is the increased length of the vehicle, which leads to a deterioration in maneuverability. Therefore, this design can be used very limited, for example, in straight-track racing.
  • the basis of the 1st variant of the invention is the task of eliminating the danger of overturning without negatively affecting other characteristics of the vehicle by counteracting the torque force.
  • a two-wheeled vehicle containing a frame on which the front and rear wheels are fixed, a steering wheel, a rear wheel drive, according to the proposed solution, additionally contains a planetary gear located in the rear wheel hub, and the planetary gear crown is rigidly connected to the rear wheel hub, the stationary carrier with satellites is rigidly fixed to the frame, and the sun gear of the planetary mechanism is rigidly connected to the driven element of the drive.
  • the drive can be made in the form of a belt drive, and the sun gear of the planetary mechanism is rigidly connected to the driven drive element made in the form of a driven belt drive pulley.
  • the drive can be made in the form of a chain drive, and the sun gear of the planetary mechanism is rigidly connected to the driven element of the drive, made in the form of a driven sprocket of the chain drive.
  • the drive can be made in the form of a cardan drive, and the sun gear of the planetary mechanism is rigidly connected to the driven element of the drive, made in the form of a driven gear of the cardan drive.
  • the drive can be made in the form of an electric motor, and the sun gear of the planetary mechanism is rigidly connected to the driven element of the drive, made in the form of an electric motor shaft.
  • the driven element of the drive Due to the fact that the driven element of the drive is connected to the rear wheel through the planetary gear, the driven element rotates in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the rear wheel. In this case, the crossover moment does not arise, but the maneuverability, controllability, speed characteristics of the vehicle are preserved, and at the same time the danger of overturning disappears.
  • FIG. 1 shows a general view of the 1st variant of a two-wheeled vehicle.
  • FIG. 2 shows the planetary gear in the rear wheel hub.
  • FIG. 3 - 6 illustrate the connection of the sun gear of the planetary mechanism with the driven element of the drive according to PP. 2, 3, 4, 5 claims.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the connection of the sun gear of the planetary gear to the driven belt pulley.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the connection of the sun gear of the planetary gear set to the driven sprocket of the chain drive.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the connection of the sun gear of the planetary gear with the driven gear of the driveline.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates the connection of the sun gear of the planetary gear to the motor shaft.
  • the two-wheeled vehicle comprises a frame 1, on which the front 2 and rear 3 wheels, the steering wheel 4, the drive 5 of the rear wheel are fixed.
  • the hub 6 of the rear wheel 3 is a planetary gear consisting of a central sun gear 7, satellites 8 located on a stationary carrier 9, and a crown gear 10 located on the inner side of the hub 6.
  • the sun gear 7 is rigidly connected to the driven element of the drive 5
  • the stationary carrier 9 is rigidly fixed to the frame 1
  • the crown gear 10 is rigidly connected to the hub 6 of the rear wheel 3.
  • the drive 5 is made in the form of a belt drive, which consists of a drive pulley 11, a driven pulley 12 (plays the role of a driven drive element) and a belt 13.
  • the sun gear 7 is rigidly connected to the driven pulley 12.
  • the drive 5 is made in the form of a chain transmission, which consists of a driving sprocket 14 driven sprockets 15 (acts as a driven element of the drive) and chain 16.
  • the sun gear 7 is rigidly connected to the driven sprocket 15.
  • the drive 5 is made in the form of a cardan gear, which consists of a driven gear 17 (plays the role of a driven drive element) and a hinge mechanism 18.
  • the sun gear 7 is rigidly connected to the driven gear 17.
  • the drive 5 is made in the form of an electric motor 19, the shaft 20 of which (acts as a driven drive element) is rigidly connected to the sun gear 7.
  • connection of the sun gear and the driven element of the drive can be performed in any known way: be detachable (threaded, keyed, gear, profile, wedge, pin and others) or one-piece (riveted, welded, glue, etc.), as well as with guaranteed tension.
  • the driving force (muscle force or engine power) is transmitted through drive 5 to the rear wheel 3.
  • Wheel 3 begins to spin in a certain direction, the crown gear 10 of the planetary gear, located in the hub 6 of the wheel 3, rotates in the same direction as the wheel 3.
  • the sun gear 7 of the planetary gear begins to rotate in the opposite direction, the driven element of the drive 5 (or the driven pulley 12, or the driven sprocket 15, or the driven gear 17, or the shaft 20) rotates in the same direction as the sun gear 7. Due to this, the flipping moment does not occur, but a force arises that pushes the vehicle to the ground.
  • the closest to the 2nd variant of the proposed solution is a two-wheeled vehicle (KAWASAKI AVDS, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorcycle_suspension), containing a frame on which the front and rear wheels are fixed, a steering wheel, a rear wheel drive, a brake disk.
  • the tool is equipped with a front telescopic fork, into the piston of which additional fluid is supplied during braking. This increases the rigidity of the telescopic fork, which helps to reduce the risk of overturning over the front wheel.
  • the second embodiment of the invention is based on the task of eliminating the danger of overturning without negatively affecting other characteristics of the vehicle by counteracting the torque force.
  • a two-wheeled vehicle containing a frame on which the front and rear wheels are fixed, a steering wheel, a rear wheel drive, a brake disc, according to the proposed solution, additionally contains a planetary gear located in the front wheel hub, and the planetary gear crown gear is rigidly connected to the front wheel hub, the stationary carrier with satellites is rigidly fixed to the frame, and the sun gear of the planetary mechanism is rigidly connected to the brake disc. Due to the fact that the brake disc, which is connected to the sun gear of the front wheel, rotates in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation of this wheel, there is no crossover moment. At the same time, the softness, handling, speed characteristics of the vehicle are preserved, and at the same time the danger of overturning disappears.
  • FIG. 7 shows the 2nd variant of the proposed vehicle.
  • FIG. 8 shows the design of the front wheel with a planetary gear according to the 2nd variant of the proposed vehicle.
  • the 2nd version of a two-wheeled vehicle contains a frame 1, on which the front 2 and rear 3 wheels are fixed, the steering wheel 4, the drive 5 of the rear wheel 3, the brake disc 21, connected to the hub 6 of the front wheel 2.
  • the hub 6 of the front wheel 2 there is a planetary mechanism (sun gear 7, satellites 8, fixed carrier 9, crown gear 10).
  • the crown gear 10 of the planetary gear is rigidly connected to the hub 6 of the front wheel 2
  • the stationary carrier 9 is fixed on the frame 1
  • the sun gear 7 of the planetary gear is rigidly connected to the brake disc 21.
  • the front wheel 2 When driving, the front wheel 2 rotates in a certain direction at a certain speed.
  • the sun gear 7 of the planetary gear rotates in the opposite direction, the brake disc 21 rotates in the same direction as the sun gear 7.
  • the speed of rotation of the front wheel 2 decreases sharply.

Abstract

A two-wheeled vehicle comprises a frame (1) to which are fastened a front wheel (2), a rear wheel (3), a handlebar (4), and a drive (5) of the rear wheel. A planetary gear train is disposed in the hub (6) of the rear wheel (3), a ring gear (10) of the planetary gear train being rigidly connected to the hub (6) of the rear wheel (3), a stationary carrier (9) with planet gears (8) being rigidly fixed to the frame (1), and a sun gear (7) of the planetary gear train being rigidly connected to a driven member of the drive (5). The possibility of installing a planetary gear train in the front wheel (2) is also provided in the vehicle.

Description

ДВУХКОЛЕСНОЕ ТРАНСПОРТНОЕ СРЕДСТВО TWO WHEEL VEHICLE
Изобретение относится к машиностроению, в частности к двухколесным транспортным средствам, таким как велосипеды и мотоциклы. The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to two-wheeled vehicles such as bicycles and motorcycles.
Широко известны такие двухколесные транспортные средства как мотоциклы и велосипеды (https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C% D0%BE% D 1 %82%D0%BE%D 1 %86%D0%B 8%D0%B A%D0%BB; htps://www. britan- nica.com/technology/motorcycle; ttps://www.britannica.com/technology/bicycle), которые содержат раму, к которой закреплены переднее и заднее колеса. Традиционно переднее колесо является управляющим и ведомым, а заднее колесо является управляемым, но ведущим. При начале движения с места и изменении скорости во время движения возникают различные динамические силы, которые влияют на безопасность и комфорт при движении. Например, при ускорении передние колеса разгружаются, а задние подгружаются, при замедлении передние колеса подгружаются, а задние разгружаются. Two-wheeled vehicles such as motorcycles and bicycles are widely known (https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C% D0% BE% D 1% 82% D0% BE% D 1% 86% D0% B 8 % D0% BA% D0% BB; htps: // www. Britannic.com/technology/motorcycle; ttps: //www.britannica.com/technology/bicycle) that contain a frame to which the front and rear wheels. Traditionally, the front wheel is steered and driven, while the rear wheel is steered but driven. When starting from a standstill and changing the speed while driving, various dynamic forces arise that affect safety and driving comfort. For example, when accelerating, the front wheels are unloaded, and the rear wheels are unloaded, while decelerating, the front wheels are unloaded, and the rear wheels are unloaded.
Так как ведущим колесом является одно заднее колесо, снижается возможность мгновенно реализовать всю мощность при ускорении. Трогание с места с большим ускорением или резкое ускорение при движении приводит к тому, что возникает сила, стремящаяся приподнять переднюю часть двухколесного транспортного средства. Since the drive wheel is one rear wheel, the ability to instantly realize all the power when accelerating is reduced. Starting off with high acceleration or sudden acceleration while driving results in a force that tends to raise the front of the two-wheeled vehicle.
При торможении переднее колесо подгружается, а заднее - разгружается, поэтому в традиционной конструкции двухколесных транспортных средств предусмотрено торможение передним колесом, в которое, как правило, встроен тормозной диск. В обоих случаях, как при резком ускорении, так и при резком торможении возникает опрокидывающий момент, который стремится поднять переднюю или заднюю часть транспортного средства, в результате чего возникает угроза опрокидывания. When braking, the front wheel is loaded, and the rear is unloaded, therefore, in the traditional design of two-wheeled vehicles, braking is provided by the front wheel, which, as a rule, has a built-in brake disc. In both cases, both during sharp acceleration and during heavy braking, a tipping moment occurs, which tends to raise the front or rear of the vehicle, as a result of which there is a danger of overturning.
Наиболее близким к 1-му варианту предлагаемого решения является двухколесное транспортное средство (патент US 8075011 В1, опубл. 13.12.2011), содержащее раму, на которой закреплены переднее и заднее колеса, руль, привод заднего колеса. Привод выполнен в виде цепной передачи, где ведомый элемент - ведомая звездочка цепной передачи, жестко связана со ступицей заднего колеса. Для устранения угрозы опрокидывания при ускорении с места или при движении средство содержит вилли-стойку, выполненную в виде дополнительного колеса, расположенного позади заднего колеса и прикрепленного к раме специальным креплением. Вследствие такого изменения конструкции устраняется угроза возникновения перекидного момента. The closest to the 1st version of the proposed solution is a two-wheeled vehicle (patent US 8075011 B1, publ. 13.12.2011), containing a frame on which the front and rear wheels, steering wheel, rear wheel drive are fixed. The drive is made in the form of a chain drive, where the driven element is a driven sprocket of the chain drive, rigidly connected to the rear wheel hub. To eliminate the threat of overturning when accelerating from a standstill or when driving, the device contains a wheelie-stand made in the form of an additional wheel located behind the rear wheel and attached to the frame with a special fastener. As a result of this design change, the threat of the over-throwing moment is eliminated.
Недостатком конструкции является увеличенная длина транспортного средства, что приводит к ухудшению маневренности. Поэтому такая конструкция может применяться очень ограниченно, например, в гонках на прямой дистанции. The disadvantage of the design is the increased length of the vehicle, which leads to a deterioration in maneuverability. Therefore, this design can be used very limited, for example, in straight-track racing.
В основу 1-го варианта изобретения поставлена задача устранить опасность опрокидывания без негативного влияния на другие характеристики транспортного средства путем противодействия силе крутящего момента. The basis of the 1st variant of the invention is the task of eliminating the danger of overturning without negatively affecting other characteristics of the vehicle by counteracting the torque force.
Поставленная задача решается тем, что двухколесное транспортное средство, содержащее раму, на которой закреплены переднее и заднее колеса, руль, привод заднего колеса, согласно предложенному решению, дополнительно содержит планетарный механизм, размещенный в ступице заднего колеса, причем коронарная шестерня планетарного механизма жестко соединена со ступицей заднего колеса, неподвижное водило с сателлитами жестко закреплено на раме, а солнечная шестерня планетарного механизма жестко соединена с ведомым элементом привода. The problem is solved in that a two-wheeled vehicle containing a frame on which the front and rear wheels are fixed, a steering wheel, a rear wheel drive, according to the proposed solution, additionally contains a planetary gear located in the rear wheel hub, and the planetary gear crown is rigidly connected to the rear wheel hub, the stationary carrier with satellites is rigidly fixed to the frame, and the sun gear of the planetary mechanism is rigidly connected to the driven element of the drive.
Привод может быть выполнен в виде ременной передачи, а солнечная шестерня планетарного механизма жестко соединена с ведомым элементом привода, выполненным в виде ведомого шкива ременной передачи. The drive can be made in the form of a belt drive, and the sun gear of the planetary mechanism is rigidly connected to the driven drive element made in the form of a driven belt drive pulley.
Привод может быть выполнен в виде цепной передачи, а солнечная шестерня планетарного механизма жестко соединена с ведомым элементом привода, выполненным в виде ведомой звездочки цепной передачи. The drive can be made in the form of a chain drive, and the sun gear of the planetary mechanism is rigidly connected to the driven element of the drive, made in the form of a driven sprocket of the chain drive.
Привод может быть выполнен в виде карданной передачи, а солнечная шестерня планетарного механизма жестко соединена с ведомым элементом привода, выполненным в виде ведомой шестерни карданной передачи. The drive can be made in the form of a cardan drive, and the sun gear of the planetary mechanism is rigidly connected to the driven element of the drive, made in the form of a driven gear of the cardan drive.
Привод может быть выполнен в виде электродвигателя, а солнечная шестерня планетарного механизма жестко соединена с ведомым элементом привода, выполненным в виде вала электродвигателя. The drive can be made in the form of an electric motor, and the sun gear of the planetary mechanism is rigidly connected to the driven element of the drive, made in the form of an electric motor shaft.
За счет того, что ведомый элемент привода соединен с задним колесом через планетарный механизм, ведомый элемент вращается в направлении, противоположном направлению вращения заднего колеса. При этом перекидной момент не возникает, а сохраняется маневренность, управляемость, скоростные характеристики транспортного средства, и одновременно исчезает опасность опрокидывания. Due to the fact that the driven element of the drive is connected to the rear wheel through the planetary gear, the driven element rotates in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the rear wheel. In this case, the crossover moment does not arise, but the maneuverability, controllability, speed characteristics of the vehicle are preserved, and at the same time the danger of overturning disappears.
1-й вариант предложенного транспортного средства поясняется чертежами. The 1st variant of the proposed vehicle is illustrated by drawings.
На фиг. 1 представлен общий вид 1-го варианта двухколесного транспортного средства. На фиг. 2 представлен планетарный механизм в ступице заднего колеса. FIG. 1 shows a general view of the 1st variant of a two-wheeled vehicle. FIG. 2 shows the planetary gear in the rear wheel hub.
На фиг. 3 - 6 проиллюстрированы соединения солнечной шестерни планетарного механизма с ведомым элементом привода по п.п. 2, 3, 4, 5 формулы изобретения. FIG. 3 - 6 illustrate the connection of the sun gear of the planetary mechanism with the driven element of the drive according to PP. 2, 3, 4, 5 claims.
На фиг. 3 проиллюстрировано соединение солнечной шестерни планетарного механизма с ведомым шкивом ременной передачи. FIG. 3 illustrates the connection of the sun gear of the planetary gear to the driven belt pulley.
На фиг. 4 проиллюстрировано соединение солнечной шестерни планетарного механизма с ведомой звездочкой цепной передачи. FIG. 4 illustrates the connection of the sun gear of the planetary gear set to the driven sprocket of the chain drive.
На фиг. 5 проиллюстрировано соединение солнечной шестерни планетарного механизма с ведомой шестерней карданной передачи. FIG. 5 illustrates the connection of the sun gear of the planetary gear with the driven gear of the driveline.
На фиг. 6 проиллюстрировано соединение солнечной шестерни планетарного механизма с валом электродвигателя. FIG. 6 illustrates the connection of the sun gear of the planetary gear to the motor shaft.
По 1-му варианту изобретения двухколесное транспортное средство содержит раму 1, на которой закреплены переднее 2 и заднее 3 колеса, руль 4, привод 5 заднего колеса. В ступице 6 заднего колеса 3 размещен планетарный механизм, состоящий из центральной солнечной шестерни 7, сателлитов 8, расположенных на неподвижном водиле 9, и коронарной шестерни 10, расположенной с внутренней стороны ступицы 6. При этом солнечная шестерня 7 жестко соединена с ведомым элементом привода 5, неподвижное водило 9 жестко закреплено на раме 1, а коронарная шестерня 10 жестко соединена со ступицей 6 заднего колеса 3. According to the 1st variant of the invention, the two-wheeled vehicle comprises a frame 1, on which the front 2 and rear 3 wheels, the steering wheel 4, the drive 5 of the rear wheel are fixed. In the hub 6 of the rear wheel 3 is a planetary gear consisting of a central sun gear 7, satellites 8 located on a stationary carrier 9, and a crown gear 10 located on the inner side of the hub 6. In this case, the sun gear 7 is rigidly connected to the driven element of the drive 5 , the stationary carrier 9 is rigidly fixed to the frame 1, and the crown gear 10 is rigidly connected to the hub 6 of the rear wheel 3.
Согласно п. 2 формулы изобретения (фиг. 3) привод 5 выполнен в виде ременной передачи, которая состоит из ведущего шкива 11, ведомого шкива 12 (выполняет роль ведомого элемента привода) и ремня 13. Солнечная шестерня 7 жестко соединена с ведомым шкивом 12. According to claim 2 of the claims (Fig. 3), the drive 5 is made in the form of a belt drive, which consists of a drive pulley 11, a driven pulley 12 (plays the role of a driven drive element) and a belt 13. The sun gear 7 is rigidly connected to the driven pulley 12.
Согласно п. 3 формулы изобретения (фиг. 4) привод 5 выполнен в виде цепной передачи, которая состоит из ведущей звездочки 14, ведомой звездочки 15 (выполняет роль ведомого элемента привода) и цепи 16. Солнечная шестерня 7 жестко соединена с ведомой звездочкой 15. According to claim 3 of the claims (Fig. 4), the drive 5 is made in the form of a chain transmission, which consists of a driving sprocket 14 driven sprockets 15 (acts as a driven element of the drive) and chain 16. The sun gear 7 is rigidly connected to the driven sprocket 15.
Согласно п. 4 формулы изобретения (фиг. 5) привод 5 выполнен в виде карданной передачи, которая состоит из ведомой шестерни 17 (выполняет роль ведомого элемента привода) и шарнирного механизма 18. Солнечная шестерня 7 жестко соединена с ведомой шестерней 17. According to claim 4 of the claims (Fig. 5), the drive 5 is made in the form of a cardan gear, which consists of a driven gear 17 (plays the role of a driven drive element) and a hinge mechanism 18. The sun gear 7 is rigidly connected to the driven gear 17.
Согласно п. 5 формулы изобретения (фиг. 6) привод 5 выполнен в виде электродвигателя 19, вал 20 которого (выполняет роль ведомого элемента привода) жестко соединен с солнечной шестерней 7. According to claim 5 of the claims (Fig. 6), the drive 5 is made in the form of an electric motor 19, the shaft 20 of which (acts as a driven drive element) is rigidly connected to the sun gear 7.
Соединение солнечной шестерни и ведомого элемента привода может выполняться любым известным способом: быть разъемным (нарезным, шпоночным, зубчатым, профильным, клиновым, штифтовым и другим) или неразъемным (заклёпанным, сварным, клеевым и другим), а также с гарантированным натяжением. The connection of the sun gear and the driven element of the drive can be performed in any known way: be detachable (threaded, keyed, gear, profile, wedge, pin and others) or one-piece (riveted, welded, glue, etc.), as well as with guaranteed tension.
Принцип работы 1-го варианта предложенного транспортного средства заключается в следующем. The principle of operation of the 1st variant of the proposed vehicle is as follows.
Когда транспортное средство (велосипед, мотоцикл и т.д.) начинает движение, то при трогании с места или при резком ускорении во время движения движущая сила (мускульная сила или сила двигателя) передается через привод 5 на заднее колесо 3. Колесо 3 начинает раскручиваться в определенном направлении, коронарная шестерня 10 планетарного механизма, размещенная в ступице 6 колеса 3, вращается в том же направлении, что и колесо 3. Солнечная шестерня 7 планетарного механизма начинает крутиться в обратном направлении, ведомый элемент привода 5 (или ведомый шкив 12, или ведомая звездочка 15, или ведомая шестерня 17, или вал 20) вращается в том же направлении, что и солнечная шестерня 7. Благодаря этому перекидной момент не возникает, а возникает сила, которая прижимает транспортное средство к земле. б When a vehicle (bicycle, motorcycle, etc.) starts to move, then when starting off or with a sharp acceleration during movement, the driving force (muscle force or engine power) is transmitted through drive 5 to the rear wheel 3. Wheel 3 begins to spin in a certain direction, the crown gear 10 of the planetary gear, located in the hub 6 of the wheel 3, rotates in the same direction as the wheel 3. The sun gear 7 of the planetary gear begins to rotate in the opposite direction, the driven element of the drive 5 (or the driven pulley 12, or the driven sprocket 15, or the driven gear 17, or the shaft 20) rotates in the same direction as the sun gear 7. Due to this, the flipping moment does not occur, but a force arises that pushes the vehicle to the ground. b
Наиболее близким ко 2-му варианту предложенного решения является двухколесное транспортное средство (KAWASAKI AVDS, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorcycle_suspension), содержащее раму, на которой закреплены переднее и заднее колеса, руль, привод заднего колеса, тормозной диск. Средство снабжено передней телескопической вилкой, в поршень которой подается дополнительная жидкость при торможении. Таким образом увеличивается жесткость телескопической вилки, что способствует уменьшению опасности опрокидывания через переднее колесо. The closest to the 2nd variant of the proposed solution is a two-wheeled vehicle (KAWASAKI AVDS, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorcycle_suspension), containing a frame on which the front and rear wheels are fixed, a steering wheel, a rear wheel drive, a brake disk. The tool is equipped with a front telescopic fork, into the piston of which additional fluid is supplied during braking. This increases the rigidity of the telescopic fork, which helps to reduce the risk of overturning over the front wheel.
Но в такой конструкции не устраняется полностью опасность опрокидывания через переднее колесо, так как перекидной момент только слегка уменьшается. В то же время имеет место ухудшение других характеристик транспортного средства: снижается мягкость передней подвески, в результате чего уменьшается комфорт езды. But this design does not completely eliminate the danger of overturning over the front wheel, since the throw-over moment is only slightly reduced. At the same time, there is a deterioration in other vehicle characteristics: the softness of the front suspension decreases, as a result of which the ride comfort is reduced.
В основу 2-го варианта изобретения поставлена задача устранить опасность опрокидывания без негативного влияния на другие характеристики транспортного средства путем противодействия силе крутящего момента. The second embodiment of the invention is based on the task of eliminating the danger of overturning without negatively affecting other characteristics of the vehicle by counteracting the torque force.
Поставленная задача решается тем, что двухколесное транспортное средство, содержащее раму, на которой закреплены переднее и заднее колеса, руль, привод заднего колеса, тормозной диск, согласно предложенному решению, дополнительно содержит планетарный механизм, размещенный в ступице переднего колеса, причем коронарная шестерня планетарного механизма жестко соединена со ступицей переднего колеса, неподвижное водило с сателлитами жестко закреплено на раме, а солнечная шестерня планетарного механизма жестко соединена с тормозным диском. За счет того, что тормозной диск, соединенный с солнечной шестерней переднего колеса, вращается в направлении, противоположном направлению вращения этого колеса, перекидной момент не возникает. При этом мягкость, управляемость, скоростные характеристики транспортного средства сохраняются, и одновременно исчезает опасность опрокидывания. The problem is solved by the fact that a two-wheeled vehicle containing a frame on which the front and rear wheels are fixed, a steering wheel, a rear wheel drive, a brake disc, according to the proposed solution, additionally contains a planetary gear located in the front wheel hub, and the planetary gear crown gear is rigidly connected to the front wheel hub, the stationary carrier with satellites is rigidly fixed to the frame, and the sun gear of the planetary mechanism is rigidly connected to the brake disc. Due to the fact that the brake disc, which is connected to the sun gear of the front wheel, rotates in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation of this wheel, there is no crossover moment. At the same time, the softness, handling, speed characteristics of the vehicle are preserved, and at the same time the danger of overturning disappears.
Суть 2-го варианта предложенного транспортного средства поясняется чертежами. The essence of the 2nd variant of the proposed vehicle is illustrated by drawings.
На фиг. 7 показан 2-й вариант предложенного транспортного средства. FIG. 7 shows the 2nd variant of the proposed vehicle.
На фиг. 8 показана конструкция переднего колеса с планетарным механизмом согласно 2-го варианта предложенного транспортного средства. FIG. 8 shows the design of the front wheel with a planetary gear according to the 2nd variant of the proposed vehicle.
2-й вариант двухколесного транспортного средства содержит раму 1, на который закреплены переднее 2 и заднее 3 колеса, руль 4, привод 5 заднего колеса 3, тормозной диск 21, соединенный со ступицей 6 переднего колеса 2. В ступице 6 переднего колеса 2 расположен планетарный механизм (солнечная шестерня 7, сателлиты 8, неподвижное водило 9, коронарная шестерня 10). При этом коронарная шестерня 10 планетарного механизма жестко соединена со ступицей 6 переднего колеса 2, неподвижное водило 9 закреплено на раме 1, а солнечная шестерня 7 планетарного механизма жестко соединена с тормозным диском 21. The 2nd version of a two-wheeled vehicle contains a frame 1, on which the front 2 and rear 3 wheels are fixed, the steering wheel 4, the drive 5 of the rear wheel 3, the brake disc 21, connected to the hub 6 of the front wheel 2. In the hub 6 of the front wheel 2 there is a planetary mechanism (sun gear 7, satellites 8, fixed carrier 9, crown gear 10). In this case, the crown gear 10 of the planetary gear is rigidly connected to the hub 6 of the front wheel 2, the stationary carrier 9 is fixed on the frame 1, and the sun gear 7 of the planetary gear is rigidly connected to the brake disc 21.
Принцип работы 2-го варианта, предложенного двухколесного транспортного средства, заключается в следующем. The principle of operation of the 2nd variant of the proposed two-wheeled vehicle is as follows.
При движении переднее колесо 2 вращается в определенном направлении с определенной скоростью. Коронарная шестерня 10, расположенная в ступице 6 переднего колеса 2, вращается в том же направлении, что и колесо 2. Солнечная шестерня 7 планетарного механизма крутится в обратном направлении, тормозной диск 21 вращается в том же направлении, что и солнечная шестерня 7. При торможении транспортного средства скорость вращения переднего колеса 2 резко уменьшается. За счет того, что тормозной диск 21 крутится в направлении, противоположном направлению вращения колеса 2, опасность опрокидывания через переднее колесо устраняется, а вместо этого возникает сила, которая прижимает средство к земле. When driving, the front wheel 2 rotates in a certain direction at a certain speed. The crown gear 10, located in the hub 6 of the front wheel 2, rotates in the same direction as the wheel 2. The sun gear 7 of the planetary gear rotates in the opposite direction, the brake disc 21 rotates in the same direction as the sun gear 7. When braking the vehicle, the speed of rotation of the front wheel 2 decreases sharply. By rotating the brake disc 21 in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the wheel 2, the risk of overturning through the front wheel is eliminated, and instead a force is generated that pushes the vehicle against the ground.

Claims

Формула изобретения (2 варианта) Formula of invention (2 options)
1. Двухколесное транспортное средство, содержащее раму, на которой закреплены переднее и заднее колеса, руль, привод заднего колеса, отличающееся тем, что средство содержит планетарный механизм, размещенный в ступице заднего колеса, причем коронарная шестерня планетарного механизма жестко соединена со ступицей заднего колеса, неподвижное водило с сателлитами жестко закреплено на раме, а солнечная шестерня планетарного механизма жестко соединена с ведомым элементом привода. 1. A two-wheeled vehicle containing a frame on which the front and rear wheels are fixed, a steering wheel, a rear wheel drive, characterized in that the means comprises a planetary gear located in the rear wheel hub, and the planetary gear crown is rigidly connected to the rear wheel hub, the fixed carrier with satellites is rigidly fixed to the frame, and the sun gear of the planetary mechanism is rigidly connected to the driven element of the drive.
2. Двухколесное транспортное средство по п.1, отличающееся тем, что привод выполнен в виде ременной передачи, а солнечная шестерня планетарного механизма жестко соединена с ведомым элементом привода, выполненным в виде ведомого шкива ременной передачи. 2. The two-wheeled vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive is made in the form of a belt drive, and the sun gear of the planetary mechanism is rigidly connected to the driven element of the drive, made in the form of a driven pulley of the belt drive.
3. Двухколесное транспортное средство по п.1, отличающееся тем, что привод выполнен в виде цепной передачи, а солнечная шестерня планетарного механизма жестко соединена с ведомым элементом привода, выполненным в виде ведомой звездочки цепной передачи. 3. The two-wheeled vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive is made in the form of a chain drive, and the sun gear of the planetary mechanism is rigidly connected to the driven element of the drive, made in the form of a driven sprocket of the chain drive.
4. Двухколесное транспортное средство по п.1, отличающееся тем, что привод выполнен в виде карданной передачи, а солнечная шестерня планетарного механизма жестко соединена с ведомым элементом привода, выполненным в виде ведомой шестерни карданной передачи. 4. The two-wheeled vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive is made in the form of a cardan gear, and the sun gear of the planetary mechanism is rigidly connected to the driven element of the drive, made in the form of a driven gear of the cardan gear.
5. Двухколесное транспортное средство по п.1, отличающееся тем, что привод выполнен в виде электродвигателя, а солнечная шестерня планетарного механизма жестко соединена с ведомым элементом привода, выполненным в виде вала электродвигателя. 5. The two-wheeled vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive is made in the form of an electric motor, and the sun gear of the planetary mechanism is rigidly connected to the driven element of the drive made in the form of an electric motor shaft.
6. Двухколесное транспортное средство, содержащее раму, на которой закреплены переднее и заднее колеса, руль, привод заднего колеса, тормозной диск, отличающееся тем, что средство содержит планетарный механизм, размещенный в ступице переднего колеса, причем коронарная шестерня планетарного механизма жестко соединена со ступицей переднего колеса, неподвижное водило с сателлитами жестко закреплено на раме, а солнечная шестерня планетарного механизма жестко соединена с тормозным диском. 6. A two-wheeled vehicle containing a frame on which the front and rear wheels are fixed, a steering wheel, a rear wheel drive, a brake disc, characterized in that the device comprises a planetary gear located in the front wheel hub, and the planetary gear crown is rigidly connected to the front wheel hub, a stationary carrier with satellites is rigidly fixed to the frame, and the planetary gear sun gear is rigidly connected to the brake disc.
PCT/UA2021/000019 2020-03-30 2021-02-15 Two-wheeled vehicle WO2021201812A1 (en)

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Citations (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2494558A (en) * 1947-12-09 1950-01-17 Rufus W Irwin Speed-changing geared transmission for bicycles and other wheeled vehicles
US4083421A (en) * 1976-12-06 1978-04-11 Horn Ronald L Van Two speed motorcycle hub transmission
US6199652B1 (en) * 1997-12-11 2001-03-13 Vectrix Corporation Vehicle drive wheel assembly
EP1361149A1 (en) * 2001-10-19 2003-11-12 Marco Doveri Rear suspension for motorcycles with longitudinal shaft transmission
US20080121452A1 (en) * 2006-09-22 2008-05-29 Dan Bon Propelled bicycle with automatic transmission
US7708297B2 (en) * 2003-03-31 2010-05-04 Karbon Kinetics Limited Bicycle
US20120086183A1 (en) * 2010-10-12 2012-04-12 Weng-Dah Ken Green bike
EP2480447B1 (en) * 2010-04-09 2016-03-02 EBM Solutions Pty Ltd Automatic motorised derailleur
CN209709865U (en) * 2019-06-20 2019-11-29 江苏英河工贸股份有限公司 Hub motor

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2494558A (en) * 1947-12-09 1950-01-17 Rufus W Irwin Speed-changing geared transmission for bicycles and other wheeled vehicles
US4083421A (en) * 1976-12-06 1978-04-11 Horn Ronald L Van Two speed motorcycle hub transmission
US6199652B1 (en) * 1997-12-11 2001-03-13 Vectrix Corporation Vehicle drive wheel assembly
EP1361149A1 (en) * 2001-10-19 2003-11-12 Marco Doveri Rear suspension for motorcycles with longitudinal shaft transmission
US7708297B2 (en) * 2003-03-31 2010-05-04 Karbon Kinetics Limited Bicycle
US20080121452A1 (en) * 2006-09-22 2008-05-29 Dan Bon Propelled bicycle with automatic transmission
EP2480447B1 (en) * 2010-04-09 2016-03-02 EBM Solutions Pty Ltd Automatic motorised derailleur
US20120086183A1 (en) * 2010-10-12 2012-04-12 Weng-Dah Ken Green bike
CN209709865U (en) * 2019-06-20 2019-11-29 江苏英河工贸股份有限公司 Hub motor

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