WO2021198830A1 - Railroad tie - Google Patents

Railroad tie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021198830A1
WO2021198830A1 PCT/IB2021/052231 IB2021052231W WO2021198830A1 WO 2021198830 A1 WO2021198830 A1 WO 2021198830A1 IB 2021052231 W IB2021052231 W IB 2021052231W WO 2021198830 A1 WO2021198830 A1 WO 2021198830A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bolt
cross member
head
opening
cover
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2021/052231
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-Louis MONNIER
Jacques MIAUTON
Original Assignee
Tracknet Management Sa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tracknet Management Sa filed Critical Tracknet Management Sa
Priority to EP21719960.3A priority Critical patent/EP4127318A1/en
Publication of WO2021198830A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021198830A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B3/00—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails
    • E01B3/16—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails made from steel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to railway ties arranged on ballast.
  • a sleeper of the prior art is generally in the form of a metal profile, more or less U-shaped, comprising a set of openings.
  • the fixing of a rail to the cross member is carried out by means of bolts arranged in said openings and retained by means of nuts.
  • Each bolt comprises a head whose cross section, eg rectangular, is devoid of central symmetry.
  • the cross section of an opening is substantially the same, if not slightly larger, than the cross section of the bolt head, thus making it possible to withdraw the bolt through the opening only if the respective sections of the bolt head and the opening are aligned.
  • the bolt head is placed under the cross member, in direct contact with the ballast.
  • the nut is placed on the side of the upper face of the cross member.
  • the nut When a cross member and / or fastening hardware needs to be replaced, the nut can be easily unscrewed and removed from the cross member.
  • the cross member comprises an upper face on which a rail can be fixed and a lower face under which ballast can be placed.
  • the cross member also has several openings through which rail fixing bolts can be inserted or removed.
  • the cross member according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises a covering element, fixed against the underside, so as to cover at least one opening; the space between the cover member and the underside being sized to contain and allow free rotation of the head of a bolt.
  • the cover member defines a free space for ballast, around the head of the bolt and also below it.
  • a gutter eg metallic, of rectangular section.
  • the section can also be in the shape of a trapezoid, a triangle or a portion of a circle.
  • the width and height of the gap must be sufficient to allow downward movement of the bolt as well as its rotation, in order to easily remove the bolt.
  • the width and height of the space may therefore be greater than the aforementioned minimum dimensions.
  • the cover element can extend well beyond the openings.
  • the space is closed.
  • the cover element completely envelops the head of the bolt. This configuration has the advantage of avoiding any lateral introduction of ballast into space.
  • the cover element covers several openings. It is however possible to use several covering elements, each covering at least one opening.
  • the cover member is preferably permanently attached to the cross member, eg by welding if the cross member and element are made of metal.
  • the cover element is removable, eg by means of a bayonet fixing mechanism.
  • the cross member is preferably metallic, but not necessarily.
  • FIG 1 Example of cross member according to the invention
  • Figure 2 Cross member of figure 1
  • Figure 4 Cross member of figure 1
  • side section Figure 5 Cross member of figure 1
  • side view Figure 6 Traverse of figure 1, view from below Numerical references used in the figures:
  • the cross member 1 shown in the figures is in the form of a U-shaped profile with edges sloping downwards towards the surface on which the cross member rests.
  • the ground most often consists of ballast (not shown).
  • the sloped edges sink into the ballast.
  • the entire lower face 8 of the cross member 1 is in contact with the ballast.
  • the cross member 1 shown has two pairs of openings 2, either a first pair used for fixing a first rail 10 (see figure 4) and the other pair for fixing a second rail 10 (see figure 4) .
  • Each opening 2 is dimensioned to receive a bolt 3, the head 4 of which, facing downwards, has a rectangular section (see FIG. 3).
  • Each opening 2 also has a rectangular section of section slightly greater than the section of the bolt head 4.
  • the orientation of the section of the opening 2 can be any, eg parallel to the direction of the cross member 1, or perpendicularly.
  • the bolt When the head of the bolt 4 is aligned with the opening 2, the bolt can be inserted or withdrawn from cross member 1. If the alignment is not respected, the head of the bolt 4 remains cannot pass through the opening 2.
  • FIG. 4A shows a configuration in which the bolt 3 is not yet in its final position or in which the bolt 3 is in a position which precedes its withdrawal from the cross member 1.
  • Figure 4B shows a configuration in which the rail 10 is firmly fixed to the cross member 1. By turning the nut 6, the bolt 3 has moved upwards, until its head 5 contacts the underside 8 cross member 1.
  • the underside of the cross member has a housing intended to receive the head of the bolt 5.
  • the orientation of the housing is transverse to the main direction of the opening.
  • a cover member 4 in the form of a rectangular section gutter covers and surrounds the opening 2, thereby defining a space 7 in which the head of the bolt 5 can move downwardly and in rotation.
  • a bolt 3 can be easily inserted or withdrawn through the opening 2.
  • the cover element is preferably in the form of a plate with inclined edges, eg forming a gutter. Any other form of cover element can however be used in the context of the present invention.
  • the covering element can, for example, be a solid beam placed under the cross member and contacting almost all of the internal face. In this variant, the beam has a plurality of cavities arranged under the openings, the latter playing the role of free ballast spaces.

Abstract

Railroad tie (1) comprising an upper face (8) onto which a rail can be secured and a lower face (9) under which ballast can be arranged, the tie (1) comprising several openings (2) through which rail attachment bolts (3) can be inserted or removed; characterized in that it comprises a covering element (4) secured to the lower face (9), so as to cover at least one opening (2); the space (7) located between the covering element (4) and the lower face (9) being sized so as to contain and allow a free rotation of the head (5) of a bolt (3).

Description

Traverse de chemin de fer Railway crossing
Domaine de l’invention Field of the invention
L’invention concerne les traverses de chemin de fer disposées sur du ballast. The invention relates to railway ties arranged on ballast.
Etat de la technique State of the art
Une traverse de l’état de la technique se présente généralement sous la forme d’un profil métallique, plus ou moins en forme de U, comportant un ensemble d’ouvertures. La fixation d’un rail à la traverse est réalisée au moyen de boulons disposés dans lesdites ouvertures et retenus au moyen d’écrous. Chaque boulon comprend une tête dont la section, p.ex. rectangulaire, est dépourvue de symétrie centrale. La section d’une ouverture est sensiblement identique, voire légèrement supérieure, à la section de la tête du boulon, rendant ainsi possible le retrait du boulon à travers l’ouverture seulement si les sections respectives de la tête du boulon et de l’ouverture sont alignées. A sleeper of the prior art is generally in the form of a metal profile, more or less U-shaped, comprising a set of openings. The fixing of a rail to the cross member is carried out by means of bolts arranged in said openings and retained by means of nuts. Each bolt comprises a head whose cross section, eg rectangular, is devoid of central symmetry. The cross section of an opening is substantially the same, if not slightly larger, than the cross section of the bolt head, thus making it possible to withdraw the bolt through the opening only if the respective sections of the bolt head and the opening are aligned.
Pour chaque ensemble boulon-écrou, la tête du boulon est disposée sous la traverse, en contact direct avec le ballast. L’écrou est quant à lui disposé du côté de la face supérieure de la traverse. For each bolt and nut assembly, the bolt head is placed under the cross member, in direct contact with the ballast. The nut is placed on the side of the upper face of the cross member.
Lorsqu’une traverse et/ou le matériel d’attache doit être remplacé, l’écrou peut être aisément dévissé et retiré de la traverse. When a cross member and / or fastening hardware needs to be replaced, the nut can be easily unscrewed and removed from the cross member.
En revanche, l’introduction ou le retrait du boulon n’est pas aisé, voire impossible, à cause de la forte résistance exercée par le ballast sur la tête du boulon. Le boulon ne peut être déplacé vers le bas et à fortiori effectuer une rotation qui permettrait d’aligner sa tête avec l’ouverture, condition nécessaire pour le retrait du boulon. On the other hand, inserting or removing the bolt is not easy, if not impossible, because of the high resistance exerted by the ballast on the head of the bolt. The bolt cannot be moved downwards, let alone rotate to align its head with the opening, which is necessary for the bolt to be removed.
Il existe donc un besoin d’améliorer le remplacement du matériel d’attache et/ou l’introduction et/ou le retrait des boulons lorsque les traverses ne peuvent être déplacés. Description générale de l’invention There is therefore a need to improve the replacement of fastening hardware and / or the introduction and / or removal of bolts when the cross members cannot be moved. General description of the invention
L’introduction et le retrait aisé de boulons, et donc le remplacement du matériel d’attache, sont rendus possible grâce à la traverse selon l’invention. The easy introduction and removal of bolts, and therefore the replacement of fastening material, is made possible by the cross member according to the invention.
Celle-ci comprend une face supérieure sur laquelle un rail peut être fixé et une face inférieure sous laquelle du ballast peut être disposé. La traverse comporte par ailleurs plusieurs ouvertures au travers desquelles des boulons de fixation de rail peuvent être introduits ou retirés. La traverse selon l’invention se caractérise par le fait qu’elle comprend un élément de recouvrement, fixé contre la face inférieure, de manière à recouvrir au moins une ouverture ; l’espace situé entre l’élément de recouvrement et la face inférieure étant dimensionné pour contenir et autoriser une rotation libre de la tête d’un boulon. This comprises an upper face on which a rail can be fixed and a lower face under which ballast can be placed. The cross member also has several openings through which rail fixing bolts can be inserted or removed. The cross member according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises a covering element, fixed against the underside, so as to cover at least one opening; the space between the cover member and the underside being sized to contain and allow free rotation of the head of a bolt.
L’élément de recouvrement définit un espace libre de ballast, autour de la tête du boulon et également en-dessous de celle-ci. Ainsi, lorsque l’on souhaite retirer le boulon sans déplacer la traverse, il devient aisé d’exercer sur le boulon une force vers le bas, d’effectuer une rotation de manière à aligner la tête de boulon avec l’ouverture, et finalement retirer le boulon en exerçant sur le boulon une force vers le haut. The cover member defines a free space for ballast, around the head of the bolt and also below it. Thus, when it is desired to remove the bolt without moving the cross member, it becomes easy to exert a downward force on the bolt, to rotate so as to align the bolt head with the opening, and finally remove the bolt by exerting an upward force on the bolt.
Toute forme adaptée à l’usage envisagé peut être utilisée pour l’élément de recouvrement. Any shape suitable for the intended use can be used for the cover element.
Avantageusement, il se présente sous la forme d’une gouttière, p.ex. métallique, de section rectangulaire. La section peut également avoir la forme d’un trapèze, d’un triangle ou d’une portion de cercle. Advantageously, it is in the form of a gutter, eg metallic, of rectangular section. The section can also be in the shape of a trapezoid, a triangle or a portion of a circle.
La largeur et la hauteur de l’espace doivent être suffisantes pour permettre un mouvement vers le bas du boulon ainsi que sa rotation, afin de retirer aisément le boulon. La largeur et la hauteur de l’espace peuvent donc être supérieures aux dimensions minimales précitées. The width and height of the gap must be sufficient to allow downward movement of the bolt as well as its rotation, in order to easily remove the bolt. The width and height of the space may therefore be greater than the aforementioned minimum dimensions.
De même, l’élément de recouvrement peut s’étendre bien au-delà des ouvertures. Selon un mode de réalisation, l’espace est fermé. Dans ce cas, l’élément de recouvrement enveloppe complètement la tête du boulon. Cette configuration présente l’avantage d’éviter toute introduction latérale de ballast dans l’espace. Likewise, the cover element can extend well beyond the openings. According to one embodiment, the space is closed. In this case, the cover element completely envelops the head of the bolt. This configuration has the advantage of avoiding any lateral introduction of ballast into space.
De préférence, l’élément de recouvrement recouvre plusieurs ouvertures. II est cependant possible d’utiliser plusieurs éléments de recouvrement, chacun recouvrant au moins une ouverture. Preferably, the cover element covers several openings. It is however possible to use several covering elements, each covering at least one opening.
L’élément de recouvrement est de préférence fixé de manière permanente à la traverse, p.ex. par soudage si la traverse et l’élément sont en métal. The cover member is preferably permanently attached to the cross member, eg by welding if the cross member and element are made of metal.
Selon une variante de l’invention, l’élément de recouvrement est amovible, p.ex. au moyen d’un mécanisme de fixation à baïonnette. According to a variant of the invention, the cover element is removable, eg by means of a bayonet fixing mechanism.
La traverse est de préférence métallique, mais pas nécessairement. The cross member is preferably metallic, but not necessarily.
Description détaillée de l’invention Detailed description of the invention
L’invention est décrite de manière plus détaillée dans ce chapitre, notamment au moyen d’un exemple illustré par des figures qui sont brièvement résumées comme suit : The invention is described in more detail in this chapter, in particular by means of an example illustrated by figures which are briefly summarized as follows:
Figure 1 Exemple de traverse selon l’invention Figure 2 Traverse de la figure 1, vue rapprochée Figure 3 Élément de recouvrement et 2 boulons Figure 4 Traverse de la figure 1, coupe latérale Figure 5 Traverse de la figure 1, vue de côté Figure 6 Traverse de la figure 1, vue du dessous Références numériques utilisées dans les figures : Figure 1 Example of cross member according to the invention Figure 2 Cross member of figure 1, close-up view Figure 3 Cover element and 2 bolts Figure 4 Cross member of figure 1, side section Figure 5 Cross member of figure 1, side view Figure 6 Traverse of figure 1, view from below Numerical references used in the figures:
1. Traverse 1. Traverse
2. Ouverture 2. Opening
3. Boulon 3. Bolt
4. Élément de recouvrement 4. Cover element
5. Tête de boulon 5. Bolt head
6. Écrou 6. Nut
7. Espace tête boulon 7. Bolt headspace
8. Face inférieure 8. Underside
9. Face supérieure 9. Upper side
10. Rail 10. Rail
La traverse 1 illustrée sur les figures se présente sous la forme d’un profile en U avec des bords inclinés vers le bas, en direction de la surface sur laquelle repose la traverse. Le sol est constitué le plus souvent de ballast (non illustré). Les bords inclinés s’enfoncent dans le ballast. Dans cette configuration, toute la face inférieure 8 de la traverse 1 est en contact avec le ballast. La traverse 1 illustrée comporte deux paires d’ouvertures 2, soit une première paire utilisée pour la fixation d’un premier rail 10 (voir figure 4) et l’autre paire pour la fixation d’un deuxième rail 10 (voir figure 4). Chaque ouverture 2 est dimensionnée pour recevoir un boulon 3 dont la tête 4, orientée vers le bas, possède une section rectangulaire (voir figure 3). Chaque ouverture 2 possède également une section rectangulaire de section légèrement supérieure à la section de la tête de boulon 4. L’orientation de la section de l’ouverture 2 peut être quelconque, p.ex. parallèle à la direction de la traverse 1, ou perpendiculairement. The cross member 1 shown in the figures is in the form of a U-shaped profile with edges sloping downwards towards the surface on which the cross member rests. The ground most often consists of ballast (not shown). The sloped edges sink into the ballast. In this configuration, the entire lower face 8 of the cross member 1 is in contact with the ballast. The cross member 1 shown has two pairs of openings 2, either a first pair used for fixing a first rail 10 (see figure 4) and the other pair for fixing a second rail 10 (see figure 4) . Each opening 2 is dimensioned to receive a bolt 3, the head 4 of which, facing downwards, has a rectangular section (see FIG. 3). Each opening 2 also has a rectangular section of section slightly greater than the section of the bolt head 4. The orientation of the section of the opening 2 can be any, eg parallel to the direction of the cross member 1, or perpendicularly.
Lorsque la tête du boulon 4 est alignée avec l’ouverture 2, le boulon peut être introduit ou retiré de la traverse 1. Si l’alignement n’est pas respecté, la tête du boulon 4 reste ne peut traverser l’ouverture 2. When the head of the bolt 4 is aligned with the opening 2, the bolt can be inserted or withdrawn from cross member 1. If the alignment is not respected, the head of the bolt 4 remains cannot pass through the opening 2.
La figure 4A représente une configuration dans laquelle le boulon 3 ne se trouve pas encore dans sa position définitive ou dans laquelle le boulon 3 se trouve dans une position qui précède son retrait de la traverse 1. FIG. 4A shows a configuration in which the bolt 3 is not yet in its final position or in which the bolt 3 is in a position which precedes its withdrawal from the cross member 1.
La figure 4B représente une configuration dans laquelle le rail 10 est fixé fermement à la traverse 1. En tournant l’écrou 6, le boulon 3 s’est déplacé vers le haut, jusqu’à ce que sa tête 5 contacte la face inférieure 8 de la traverse 1. Figure 4B shows a configuration in which the rail 10 is firmly fixed to the cross member 1. By turning the nut 6, the bolt 3 has moved upwards, until its head 5 contacts the underside 8 cross member 1.
Dans une variante non illustrée de l’invention, la face inférieure de la traverse comporte un logement destiné à recevoir la tête du boulon 5. L’orientation du logement est transverse par rapport à la direction principale de l’ouverture. In a non-illustrated variant of the invention, the underside of the cross member has a housing intended to receive the head of the bolt 5. The orientation of the housing is transverse to the main direction of the opening.
Un élément de recouvrement 4 en forme de gouttière à section rectangulaire recouvre et entoure l’ouverture 2, définissant ainsi un espace 7 dans lequel la tête du boulon 5 peut se mouvoir vers le bas et en rotation. A cover member 4 in the form of a rectangular section gutter covers and surrounds the opening 2, thereby defining a space 7 in which the head of the bolt 5 can move downwardly and in rotation.
Une fois la traverse posée sur le sol, l’espace 7 reste libre de ballast. Once the cross member is placed on the ground, space 7 remains free of ballast.
Grâce à l’élément de recouvrement 4, un boulon 3 peut être aisément introduit ou retiré à travers l’ouverture 2. Thanks to the cover element 4, a bolt 3 can be easily inserted or withdrawn through the opening 2.
Il va de soi que l’invention ne se limite pas à l’exemple illustré. It goes without saying that the invention is not limited to the example illustrated.
L’élément de recouvrement se présente de préférence sous la forme d’une plaque aux bords inclinés, formant p.ex. une gouttière. Toute autre forme d’élément de recouvrement peut cependant être utilisée dans le cadre de la présente invention. L’élément de recouvrement peut p.ex. être une poutre pleine placée sous la traverse et contactant la quasi-totalité de la face interne. Dans cette variante, la poutre comporte une pluralité de cavités disposées sous les ouvertures, ces dernières jouant le rôle d’espaces libres de ballast. The cover element is preferably in the form of a plate with inclined edges, eg forming a gutter. Any other form of cover element can however be used in the context of the present invention. The covering element can, for example, be a solid beam placed under the cross member and contacting almost all of the internal face. In this variant, the beam has a plurality of cavities arranged under the openings, the latter playing the role of free ballast spaces.

Claims

Revendications Claims
1. Traverse de chemin de fer (1) comprenant une face supérieure (8) sur laquelle un rail peut être fixé et une face inférieure (9) sous laquelle du ballast peut être disposé, ladite traverse (1) comportant plusieurs ouvertures (2) au travers desquelles des boulons de fixation de rail (3) peuvent être introduits ou retirés ; caractérisée par le fait qu’elle comprend un élément de recouvrement (4), fixé contre la face inférieure (9), de manière à recouvrir au moins une ouverture (2); l’espace (7) situé entre l’élément de recouvrement (4) et la face inférieure (9) étant dimensionné pour contenir et autoriser une rotation libre de la tête (5) d’un boulon (3). 1. Railway sleeper (1) comprising an upper face (8) on which a rail can be fixed and a lower face (9) under which ballast can be placed, said sleeper (1) comprising several openings (2) through which rail fixing bolts (3) can be inserted or withdrawn; characterized in that it comprises a covering element (4), fixed against the underside (9), so as to cover at least one opening (2); the space (7) between the cover element (4) and the underside (9) being dimensioned to contain and allow free rotation of the head (5) of a bolt (3).
2. Traverse selon la revendication 1 dans laquelle l’élément de recouvrement (4) se présente sous la forme d’une gouttière de section rectangulaire. 2. Sleeper according to claim 1 wherein the covering element (4) is in the form of a gutter of rectangular section.
3. Traverse selon la revendication 1 ou 2 caractérisée par le fait que ledit espace (7) est fermé. 3. Traverse according to claim 1 or 2 characterized in that said space (7) is closed.
4. Traverse selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes dans laquelle l’élément de recouvrement (4) recouvre plusieurs ouvertures (2). 4. Sleeper according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the covering element (4) covers several openings (2).
5. Traverse selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes comprenant plusieurs éléments de recouvrement (4). 5. Sleeper according to any one of the preceding claims comprising several cover elements (4).
6. Traverse selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3 comprenant plusieurs éléments de recouvrement (4) recouvrant chacun une seule ouverture (2). 6. A sleeper according to any one of claims 1 to 3 comprising several cover elements (4) each covering a single opening (2).
7. Traverse selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes dans laquelle l’élément de recouvrement (4) est amovible. 7. A sleeper according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the cover element (4) is removable.
PCT/IB2021/052231 2020-03-31 2021-03-17 Railroad tie WO2021198830A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21719960.3A EP4127318A1 (en) 2020-03-31 2021-03-17 Railroad tie

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IBPCT/IB2020/053042 2020-03-31
IB2020053042 2020-03-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021198830A1 true WO2021198830A1 (en) 2021-10-07

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US866743A (en) * 1907-03-20 1907-09-24 Moses Stoner Metal and concrete railway-tie and rail-fastening.
SU1497323A1 (en) * 1987-03-27 1989-07-30 Михайловский горно-обогатительный комбинат им.60-летия Союза ССР Device for securing rail to metal sleeper
JPH0726501A (en) * 1993-07-07 1995-01-27 Kubota Corp Construction of metallic sleeper
CN203602969U (en) * 2013-12-03 2014-05-21 冯吉晓 Steel sleeper for coal mine underground mine car railway

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US866743A (en) * 1907-03-20 1907-09-24 Moses Stoner Metal and concrete railway-tie and rail-fastening.
SU1497323A1 (en) * 1987-03-27 1989-07-30 Михайловский горно-обогатительный комбинат им.60-летия Союза ССР Device for securing rail to metal sleeper
JPH0726501A (en) * 1993-07-07 1995-01-27 Kubota Corp Construction of metallic sleeper
CN203602969U (en) * 2013-12-03 2014-05-21 冯吉晓 Steel sleeper for coal mine underground mine car railway

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