WO2021198067A1 - Dispositif de distribution d'air avec mesure de force axiale - Google Patents

Dispositif de distribution d'air avec mesure de force axiale Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021198067A1
WO2021198067A1 PCT/EP2021/057929 EP2021057929W WO2021198067A1 WO 2021198067 A1 WO2021198067 A1 WO 2021198067A1 EP 2021057929 W EP2021057929 W EP 2021057929W WO 2021198067 A1 WO2021198067 A1 WO 2021198067A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
roller bearing
air delivery
air conveying
shaft
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2021/057929
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Robert DRUSCHEL
Tobias SIEGER
Wolfgang Laufer
Arnold Schulde
Martin Müller
Uwe RUPERTUS
Original Assignee
Ebm-Papst St. Georgen Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ebm-Papst St. Georgen Gmbh & Co. Kg filed Critical Ebm-Papst St. Georgen Gmbh & Co. Kg
Publication of WO2021198067A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021198067A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/001—Testing thereof; Determination or simulation of flow characteristics; Stall or surge detection, e.g. condition monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/004—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids by varying driving speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/05—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof, specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/056—Bearings
    • F04D29/059—Roller bearings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an air conveying device with one or more rotatable air conveying elements driven by a motor, the axial force generated during operation of which is measured and used to regulate a rotational speed of the air conveying element.
  • Air conveying devices according to the invention relate in particular to blowers, ventilators and missiles which use propellers, for example drones or flying taxis.
  • propellers for example drones or flying taxis.
  • the air delivery device as a missile with a propeller for drones or flying taxis
  • Ensuring flight stability due to pressure fluctuations or a pressure drop is problematic.
  • the disadvantage of known solutions is that they are unsuitable for continuous or automatic regulation of the speed of rotation of the air-conveying element for use as a missile, for example because they are too heavy or too complex and expensive.
  • These air conveying devices use fan wheels with fan wheel blades or propellers with propeller blades as air conveying elements, through which an axial force is generated during operation. This axial force is dependent on the ambient pressure, so that changes in the ambient pressure also have an effect on the axial force generated during operation.
  • a device for measuring axial forces on shafts or axles using strain gauges is known from the prior art, for example DE 10206679 C1. Such solutions cannot be used for air conveying devices, since the forces generated and processed are too small.
  • anemometers are used in the prior art to determine the volume flow of a blower. However, this only works from a certain size of the fan.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a size-independent air delivery device in which the volume stream is measurable.
  • an air delivery device is proposed with a rotatable air delivery element which is driven by a motor and which is connected to a shaft supported by at least one roller bearing.
  • a rotation of the air delivery element exerts an axial force on the shaft and transfers the axial force to the at least one roller bearing.
  • the air delivery device has an electronic force measuring sensor which is in operative connection with the at least one rolling bearing or the shaft and is designed to measure the axial force acting on the at least one rolling bearing or the shaft by the force measuring sensor and to transmit it as an electronic measurement signal to a control unit .
  • the control device is designed to evaluate the measurement signal electronically.
  • a speed of rotation of the air delivery element can be regulated as a function of the electronic measurement signal of the force measurement sensor by regulating the motor.
  • an air delivery device is provided with little technical effort, which can be implemented cost-effectively with very low forces and small dimensions.
  • an axial force arises depending on the conveying direction of the air, which acts on the roller bearing via the shaft and is proportional to the external counterpressure of the environment at any speed.
  • a change in the external pressure conditions affects the volume flow of the air delivery device. If the counter pressure increases, then the volume flow of the air delivery device decreases and at the same time the axial force acting on the shaft increases. Accordingly, the volume flow increases and the axial force on the shaft decreases when the counter pressure of the Environment becomes smaller. This results in a relationship between the volume flow and the axial force acting on the shaft.
  • the at least one roller bearing is arranged in direct contact with the force measuring sensor. As a result, a force resulting on the roller bearing is transmitted directly to the force measuring sensor, whereby the measuring accuracy is increased and the space required for the air delivery device is kept small.
  • the at least one roller bearing is arranged in contact with the force measuring sensor indirectly via a pressure piece.
  • the pressure piece transmits and distributes the force evenly.
  • the air delivery device is preferably designed in such a way that the air delivery device has a housing, in particular a fan housing, in which the at least one roller bearing is arranged in a fixed position.
  • the advantage of the housing is that the components of the air delivery device can be received and fastened therein. As a result, the resulting forces are optimally transmitted and the components can be positioned in relation to one another. Furthermore, the housing protects the components from foreign bodies that negatively affect the function or operation of the air delivery device.
  • a fixing element in the form of a fixing disk or a fixing ring is provided on the housing, on which the force measuring sensor is arranged.
  • the fixing element is fixed in a fixed position on the housing and, accordingly, the force measuring sensor as well.
  • a contact shoulder for example, can serve as the fixing element.
  • an embodiment is favorable in which the air delivery device has a first spring which braces the air delivery element against a roller bearing.
  • the pretensioning force of the first spring causes the roller bearings to operate without play with regard to the air conveying element and the shaft.
  • the resulting axial force acts not only on the shaft but also on the roller bearing via the first spring. In this way, the power transmission is improved and, at any speed, is proportional to the external counterpressure present in the surroundings of the air delivery device.
  • the air conveying The device comprises at least two roller bearings which support the shaft. Due to the two roller bearings, the bearing is improved with regard to the guidance of the rotating components or the shaft and the air conveying element and the introduction of the forces resulting from the operating load into the surrounding components or the force measuring sensor.
  • the air delivery device has a second spring which braces the two roller bearings for play-free operation.
  • the roller bearings are held in the intended position with a pretensioning force of the second spring.
  • the sensor is indirectly preloaded with the preloading force of the second spring via the spring, the roller bearing and, if necessary, a pressure piece. Changes in the axial force on the shaft or the at least one roller bearing can thus be determined by the force measuring sensor by means of a change in the pretensioning force of the second spring acting on the sensor.
  • an axial spring force generated by the second spring is always a multiple, for example at least 5 times greater, than an axial spring force generated by the first spring. Due to the very high preload force of the second spring, an indirect or direct transmission of the resulting force to the force measuring sensor is more direct, since the second spring does not absorb the small resulting axial force due to its spring strength, but rather transmits it almost in a straight line or directly proportionally. In contrast, a lower preload force of the first spring is sufficient for backlash-free operation of the roller bearings. Furthermore, a lower pretensioning force is sufficient for the indirect transmission of the resulting axial force from the air delivery element into the force measuring sensor, since a large part of the axial force is passed over the shaft.
  • an embodiment variant is favorable in which the shaft comprises a locking ring on which the roller bearing is arranged in an axially supporting manner.
  • the advantage of the retaining ring is that it restricts a degree of freedom of the shaft with regard to the at least one roller bearing. In this way, a suitable bearing concept for the shaft can be implemented and the force can be transmitted directly from the shaft to the roller bearing.
  • At least one shoulder is formed in one piece on the housing, on which at least one of the roller bearings is directly axially supported. It is favorable here that the at least one roller bearing is held in position axially in the housing of the air delivery device by means of the second spring and the shoulder with the pretensioning force of the second spring.
  • the air delivery element is directly connected to the shaft.
  • the advantage of this is that the resulting axial force is transmitted directly from the air delivery element to the shaft, whereby the measurement of the axial force by means of the force measuring sensor is more precise.
  • the air delivery device according to the invention is designed in an embodiment variant that the air delivery element is designed as a fan wheel or as a propeller.
  • the air delivery device is adapted to the corresponding application.
  • the volume flow control of a fan can be implemented and, on the other hand, it is possible, for example, to stabilize aerial drones, flying taxis or quadrocopters by regulating the thrust on the individual propellers.
  • the air delivery device comprises a multiplicity of air delivery elements which are designed as propellers of a missile. Furthermore, in the tax device stores reference values for the measurement signal of the respective air conveyor element, which correspond to an axial force of the respective air conveyor element on the corresponding shaft, at which a rotational speed of the respective air conveyor element generates a stable flight of the missile.
  • the speed of rotation of the air delivery element can be adapted to the speed of rotation corresponding to the respective reference value by means of the control device as a function of the electronic measurement signal.
  • the advantage of this is that the stabilization of the missile, such as that of flying drones or flying taxis, is optimized by regulating the thrust on the individual propellers. Since the speed of the respective air conveying element is proportional to the existing external counterpressure of the environment, the air conveying element is partly operated at a rotational speed due to pressure fluctuations or a pressure drop at which a stable flight of the missile is not possible in accordance with the changed external pressure conditions.
  • the reference values include setpoint values for the rotational speed of the respective air conveying element, which correspond to the axial force acting on the shaft, at which a stable flight is guaranteed with the current external pressure conditions.
  • the respective air delivery element can be regulated individually and the measurement signal can be adapted to the reference value by means of a control of the rotational speed of the respective air delivery element by the control device.
  • the respective air conveying element is operated at the rotational speed that is optimal for the existing external pressure conditions, and the stabilization of the missile is improved.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of an air delivery device in a first embodiment variant
  • FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the air delivery device
  • FIG. 3 shows a sectional view of a further alternative embodiment of the air delivery device
  • FIG. 4 shows a sectional view of a further alternative embodiment of the air delivery device.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of an air conveying device 1 with a rotatable air conveying element 2 driven by a motor, designed as a fan wheel 2 and connected to a shaft 3 supported by two roller bearings 4, and a force measuring sensor 5.
  • the schematically shown impeller 2 is rotatably guided via the shaft 3 firmly connected to it in the roller bearings 4, which are designed as ball roller bearings, and held axially in position via a first spring 11 and a locking ring 13.
  • the first spring 11 ensures backlash-free operation of the roller bearings 4 through a biasing force.
  • the two roller bearings 4 are guided radially with a precise fit on an inner wall of the housing 9 and are axially supported by a second spring 12, a pressure piece 8 and a fixing element 10 with a biasing force held in position.
  • One of the two roller bearings 4 rests with the outer ring on a shoulder 14 formed by the housing 9 and the other roller bearing 4 is in contact with the pressure piece 8 through the outer ring.
  • the pressure piece 8 has a projection 15 on the outer edge which extends along the inner wall of the housing 9 and contacts the outer ring of the roller bearing 4. Furthermore, the pressure piece 8 is displaceable in the axial direction on the inner wall of the housing 9 and has a U-shaped cross-section.
  • the second spring 12 is arranged between the two roller bearings 4 and, with the preload force, presses their outer rings against the shoulder 14 of the housing 9 or the pressure piece 8.
  • the fixing element 10 shown in FIG. 1 is a fixing disk which is arranged at an axial end region of the inner wall of the housing 9 and which closes a housing opening provided for assembly. Furthermore, the fixing disk 10 is fastened to the inner wall of the housing 9 in order to absorb the resulting axial forces of the air delivery device 1.
  • a flat, ring-shaped or disk-shaped force measuring sensor 5 is located between the pressure piece 8 and the fixing disk 10.
  • an axial spring force generated by the second spring 12 is always many times greater than an axial spring force generated by the first spring 11.
  • an indirect or direct transmission of the resultant force to the force measuring sensor 5 becomes more direct, since the second spring 12 does not absorb the small resultant axial force due to its spring strength, but rather passes it on almost in a straight line or directly proportionally.
  • the fan wheel 2 of the air delivery device 1 promotes the air and, depending on the conveying direction, an axial force arises which acts on a roller bearing 4 via the shaft 3 and the first spring 11 or on the second roller bearing 4 via the locking ring 13 and via the entire speed range of the air delivery device 1 is proportional to the existing external counterpressure of the environment. If the speed of the fan wheel 2 or the external pressure conditions change, this affects the delivery volume. If the counter pressure increases, the volume flow decreases and at the same time the axial force on the shaft 3 increases. If the counter pressure becomes smaller, then the volume flow becomes larger and at the same time the axial force on the shaft 3 becomes smaller. When the speed of the fan wheel 2 increases, the axial force changes accordingly. This results in a relationship between the volume flow and the axial force on the shaft 3.
  • the force measuring sensor 5 is preloaded with the constant force of the second spring 12 via the second spring 12, a roller bearing 4 and the pressure piece 8.
  • Changes in the axial force on the shaft 3 are added to the force of the second spring 12 via the corresponding roller bearing 4. Depending on the conveying direction, the resulting force is larger or smaller and the change can be determined with the force measuring sensor 5.
  • the measured changes can be evaluated electronically and used to regulate the speed of rotation of the fan wheel 2.
  • the electronic force measuring sensor 5 is designed to measure the axial force acting on the roller bearing 4 or the shaft 3 and to transmit it as an electronic measurement signal 7 to a control device 6.
  • the control device 6 is designed to electronically evaluate the measurement signal 7 and by regulating the motor driving the fan wheel 2, a rotation speed of the fan wheel 2 can be regulated as a function of the electronic measurement signal 7 of the force measuring sensor 5.
  • FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the air conveying device 1 shown in FIG. 1. For this reason, only the differences between the two air conveying devices 1 will be discussed below.
  • the two roller bearings 4 in FIG. 2 are guided radially with a precise fit on the inner wall of the housing 9 and are held in position axially by the second spring 12 and the fixing element 10 with a pretensioning force.
  • One of the two roller bearings 4 lies with the outer ring on the one through the housing 9 formed shoulder 14 and the other roller bearing 4 is in direct contact with the force measuring sensor 5 through the outer ring.
  • the second spring 12 is arranged between the two roller bearings 4 and, with the prestressing force, presses the outer rings thereof against the shoulder 14 of the housing 9 or the force measuring sensor 5.
  • the force measuring sensor 5 is flat and ring-shaped or disk-shaped.
  • the fixing element 10 shown in FIG. 2 is a fixing ring which is arranged in an axial end region of the housing 9.
  • the fixing ring 10 protrudes perpendicularly from the inner wall of the housing 9 and forms a contact surface for the force measuring sensor 5. Accordingly, the fixing ring 10 is fastened to the inner wall of the housing 9 in order to absorb the resulting axial forces of the air delivery device 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows a sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the air conveying device 1 described in FIG. 1.
  • the fan wheel 2 is rotatably guided via the rotationally fixedly connected shaft 3 in the two roller bearings 4 and is axially in via the second spring 12, which is arranged between the inner ring of the roller bearing 4 and the locking ring 13, as well as via the pressure piece 8 and the fixing disk 10 Position held.
  • the first spring 11 ensures backlash-free operation of the roller bearings 4 through the biasing force.
  • the roller bearings 4 are guided in the housing 9 with a radially precise fit and axially held in position by a spacer ring 16 between the two roller bearings 4 and the fixation 10.
  • FIG. 4 shows a sectional view of a further alternative embodiment of the air delivery device 1 rotatably guided and is over the locking ring 13 on which a roller bearing 4 is arranged axially supportive, held axially in position.
  • a shoulder 17 is formed in one piece, on which one of the roller bearings 4 is directly axially supported with its outer ring.
  • the two roller bearings 4 are guided in the housing 9 with a radially precise fit and are held in position axially by the second spring 12, the pressure piece 8 and the shoulder 17 in the housing 9 with the pretensioning force of the second spring 12.
  • the second spring 12 causes the roller bearings 4 to operate without play.
  • the pressure piece 8 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is designed as a pressure ring. Between an outer ring of a roller bearing 4 and the pressure ring 8 there is a flat, disk-shaped or ring-shaped force measuring sensor 5, which is arranged in direct contact with the roller bearing 4.
  • the force measuring sensor 5 can be arranged between the second spring 12 and the shoulder 17 in the housing 9 or between the shoulder 17 in the housing 9 and a roller bearing 4.
  • the designs shown are directly on propellers instead of
  • Fan wheels 2 and an application, for example in drones, can be transferred.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de distribution d'air (1) comportant un ou plusieurs éléments rotatifs de distribution d'air (2) qui sont entraînés par un moteur et qui sont reliés à un arbre (3) monté par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un roulement à rouleaux (4), une rotation de l'élément de distribution d'air (2) exerçant une force axiale sur l'arbre (3) et transmettant celle-ci à l'au moins un roulement à rouleaux (4), et comportant un capteur de mesure de force électronique (5) qui est fonctionnellement raccordé à l'au moins un roulement à rouleaux (4) ou à l'arbre (3) et est conçu pour mesurer la force axiale exercée sur l'au moins un roulement à rouleaux (4) ou l'arbre (3) par l'intermédiaire du capteur de mesure de force (5) et pour transmettre celle-ci sous la forme d'un signal de mesure électronique (7) à une unité de commande (6), l'unité de commande (6) étant conçue pour évaluer électroniquement le signal de mesure (7), et une vitesse de rotation de l'élément de distribution d'air (2) pouvant être commandée sur la base du signal de mesure électronique (7) provenant du capteur de mesure de force (5) par commande du moteur.
PCT/EP2021/057929 2020-04-01 2021-03-26 Dispositif de distribution d'air avec mesure de force axiale WO2021198067A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020109008.0A DE102020109008A1 (de) 2020-04-01 2020-04-01 Luftfördervorrichtung mit Axialkraftmessung
DE102020109008.0 2020-04-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021198067A1 true WO2021198067A1 (fr) 2021-10-07

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ID=75396717

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2021/057929 WO2021198067A1 (fr) 2020-04-01 2021-03-26 Dispositif de distribution d'air avec mesure de force axiale

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102020109008A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021198067A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2298901A (en) * 1995-03-17 1996-09-18 Aisin Seiki Gas turbine engine axial thrust balancing
DE10206679C1 (de) 2002-02-18 2003-08-14 Micro Mechatronic Technologies Vorrichtung zum Messen einer Axialkraft an einer Achse oder Welle
WO2008015777A1 (fr) * 2006-08-03 2008-02-07 Ntn Corporation Unité de turbine de machine refrigérante à cycle à air
US20080095610A1 (en) * 2006-10-20 2008-04-24 Werner Bosen Turbomachine
WO2008110177A1 (fr) * 2007-03-14 2008-09-18 Aarhus Universitet Procédé et système de contrôle de la ventilation

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4218949A1 (de) 1992-06-10 1993-12-16 Schaeffler Waelzlager Kg Kraftmeßlager
ATE411473T1 (de) 2004-03-16 2008-10-15 Ebm Papst St Georgen Gmbh & Co Anordnung mit einem elektronisch kommutierten aussenläufermotor
DE102005010336B4 (de) 2004-11-06 2007-09-06 Dolch, Stefan, Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Drehzahlgesteuerter Hubschrauber
US8297948B2 (en) 2007-03-31 2012-10-30 Ebm-Papst St. Georgen Gmbh & Co. Kg Arrangement for delivering fluids
DE102009021469A1 (de) 2009-05-15 2010-11-18 Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg Sensorlagereinheit
DE102011085711A1 (de) 2011-11-03 2013-05-08 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Wälzlager mit Kraftmesseinrichtung
DE102019208640B3 (de) 2019-06-13 2020-10-01 Ziehl-Abegg Se Ventilator und Verfahren zum Bestimmen eines durch den Ventilator bewegten Medienstroms

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2298901A (en) * 1995-03-17 1996-09-18 Aisin Seiki Gas turbine engine axial thrust balancing
DE10206679C1 (de) 2002-02-18 2003-08-14 Micro Mechatronic Technologies Vorrichtung zum Messen einer Axialkraft an einer Achse oder Welle
WO2008015777A1 (fr) * 2006-08-03 2008-02-07 Ntn Corporation Unité de turbine de machine refrigérante à cycle à air
US20080095610A1 (en) * 2006-10-20 2008-04-24 Werner Bosen Turbomachine
WO2008110177A1 (fr) * 2007-03-14 2008-09-18 Aarhus Universitet Procédé et système de contrôle de la ventilation

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