WO2021196363A1 - 可移动式传染病应急防护一体化智慧方舱 - Google Patents

可移动式传染病应急防护一体化智慧方舱 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021196363A1
WO2021196363A1 PCT/CN2020/091124 CN2020091124W WO2021196363A1 WO 2021196363 A1 WO2021196363 A1 WO 2021196363A1 CN 2020091124 W CN2020091124 W CN 2020091124W WO 2021196363 A1 WO2021196363 A1 WO 2021196363A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
shelter
patient
fresh air
exhaust
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PCT/CN2020/091124
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郭金成
丁艳蕊
黄雪
居发礼
刘丽莹
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重庆海润绿色科技集团有限公司
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Publication of WO2021196363A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021196363A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H3/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for public or similar purposes; Institutions, e.g. infirmaries or prisons
    • E04H3/08—Hospitals, infirmaries, or the like; Schools; Prisons
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/08—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems requiring starting of a prime-mover

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of emergency isolation shelters for infectious diseases, in particular to a smart shelter integrating mobility, negative pressure isolation, ventilation and air conditioning, secondary pollution prevention treatment, emergency protection and intelligent management.
  • the first aid stretcher used for the transfer of infected patients is constructed by using durable and non-polluting high-strength transparent materials to create a stretcher enclosure structure, equipped with batteries and a negative pressure generating system (with high-efficiency filtration device), and oxygen infusion ports, infusion ports and The operation port can perform simple nursing operations on the patient.
  • the negative pressure creation system of the negative pressure stretcher Due to the limited power and small space of the negative pressure creation system of the negative pressure stretcher, it is only suitable for short-distance and short-time transfer of infectious patients. Medical staff can only perform simple nursing operations on the patient, and cannot perform more in-depth treatment on the patient. Examination and treatment.
  • the present invention aims to provide a smart shelter that integrates mobility, negative pressure isolation, ventilation and air conditioning, anti-secondary pollution treatment, emergency protection, and intelligent management. It can respond quickly and promptly in an emergency situation. To prevent cross-infection and secondary pollution and meet emergency protection, achieve rapid control of the spread of the epidemic, provide patients with a comfortable isolation and medical environment, and be able to conduct rapid disease diagnosis and treatment to promote early recovery, and provide protection for my country's public health emergency system.
  • a portable integrated intelligent shelter for infectious disease emergency protection including a mobile emergency isolation shelter body, a ventilation and air conditioning system, an anti-secondary pollution treatment system, an emergency guarantee system and Intelligent management system;
  • the mobile emergency isolation shelter body is a box structure, which can be moved by a container crane, or is equipped with wheels at the bottom as a trailer driven by a traction device, and the mobile emergency isolation shelter is divided into a medical work area and a buffer room And the ward, the medical work area is equipped with a toilet for doctors and nurses, and the ward is equipped with a toilet for patients;
  • the ventilation and air conditioning system includes: fresh air air conditioning unit; exhaust fan unit; pressure difference sensor used to monitor the pressure difference between the patient room and the buffer room; used to monitor the air quality sensor inside the mobile emergency isolation shelter; used to monitor the mobile emergency
  • the temperature sensor inside the isolated shelter it is used to adjust the fresh air volume according to the feedback signal of the air quality sensor, and the fresh air control module to adjust the fresh air temperature according to the feedback signal of the temperature sensor; it is used to adjust the exhaust volume according to the feedback signal of the differential pressure sensor Wind control module;
  • the medical work area is provided with fresh air vents, and the ward is provided with fresh air vents and exhaust vents to ensure that the pressure in the ward is lower than the medical work area and buffer room, forming the orientation of the medical work area, buffer room, and ward airflow;
  • the anti-secondary pollution treatment system includes a sewage discharge device for collecting dirt, and a purification and disinfection treatment device for discharging polluted air;
  • the emergency guarantee system includes a battery pack, a dual power source automatic switching device, and a power distribution box arranged in the mobile emergency isolation shelter body, and also includes a mains connection and a generator connection; the mains output of the mains connection is respectively connected to the battery
  • the charging power terminal of the battery pack is connected to the mains input of the dual power automatic switching device, the discharging power source of the battery pack is connected to the battery discharge input of the dual power automatic switching device, and the generator power output of the generator connector is connected to the dual power automatic
  • the generator power input of the switching device is connected, and the power output of the dual power automatic switching device is connected to the distribution box; when there is city power, the dual power automatic switching device switches to the city power to supply power to the distribution box; When the power is off, the dual power automatic switching device switches to the battery pack to supply power to the distribution box; when the mains power is off and the battery pack is discharged, the dual power automatic switching device switches to the generator set to supply power to the distribution box;
  • the intelligent management system includes one or any combination of an indoor monitoring module, a GPS positioning module, a device operating state monitoring module, a patient's body state monitoring module, and an indoor air environment monitoring module; the monitoring image data output terminal of the indoor monitoring module and the controller
  • the monitoring image data input terminal of the GPS positioning module is connected, the GPS positioning data output terminal of the GPS positioning module is connected to the GPS positioning data input terminal of the controller, and the equipment operating status data output terminal of the equipment operating status monitoring module is connected to the equipment operating status data input terminal of the controller.
  • the body state data output terminal of the patient's body state monitoring module is connected to the body state data input terminal of the controller, and the air environment data output terminal of the indoor air environment monitoring module is connected to the indoor air environment data input terminal of the controller; each movement
  • the emergency isolation shelter body is also provided with a wireless transceiver module, the transceiver terminal of the wireless transceiver module is connected with the wireless transceiver terminal of the controller; the controller connects the indoor monitoring module, GPS positioning module, equipment operation status monitoring module, and patient body status monitoring module
  • the data collected with one of the indoor air environment monitoring modules or any combination is uploaded to the cloud management platform.
  • the medical toilets and patient toilets are equipped with toilet exhaust control modules; the air quality sensor and temperature sensor are two each, which are respectively arranged in the medical work area and the patient room.
  • the toilet is equipped with a separate exhaust control module for separate control to improve the ventilation effect.
  • the above-mentioned portable integrated intelligent shelter for infectious disease emergency protection can realize dual-purpose use for epidemic prevention.
  • the design pressure difference can be restored to normal immediately to prevent cross-infection;
  • the fresh air control module can adjust the fresh air volume in conjunction with the feedback signal of the air quality sensor, and then the exhaust air control module to adjust the exhaust volume, which can ensure that the energy consumption is reduced when used as a general ward unit.
  • the plan is:
  • the ventilation and air conditioning system adopts a constant fresh air volume and variable exhaust volume control mode, and sets the pressure gradient range of the buffer room and the patient room under negative pressure , To ensure the formation of directional airflow in the medical work area, buffer room, and patient room.
  • the pressure difference sensor detects that the pressure difference between the patient room and the buffer room is higher or lower than the set pressure gradient range
  • the exhaust air control is immediately linked
  • the module reduces or increases the operating air volume of the exhaust fan unit until it returns to the normal pressure gradient range;
  • the ventilation and air-conditioning system adopts variable fresh air volume and variable exhaust air volume control modes, and sets the air quality parameters of the mobile emergency isolation shelter, as the air quality sensor
  • the ventilation and air-conditioning system operates normally.
  • the air quality sensor detects that the air quality in the medical work area or ward is lower than the set value
  • the fresh air control will be linked immediately
  • the module increases the fresh air volume of the fresh air air conditioning unit, and then cooperates with the exhaust air control module to increase the exhaust air volume until the air quality sensor detects that the air quality returns to normal;
  • the fresh air control module is immediately linked to adjust the fresh air of the fresh air air conditioning unit Temperature, until the temperature sensor detects that the temperature returns to normal.
  • the fresh air control module can interlock and start the fresh air air conditioning unit in response to the detection of the start signal of the exhaust fan unit, and the exhaust air control module can interlock and stop the operation of the exhaust fan unit in response to the detection of the shutdown signal of the fresh air air conditioning unit to realize
  • the new exhaust fan unit is interlocked to start and stop.
  • the new exhaust fan unit is interlocked to start and stop, start the exhaust fan unit, and then interlock the activated fresh air air conditioning unit; turn off the fresh air air conditioning unit, and then interlock and shut down the exhaust device.
  • the fresh air air conditioning unit adopts a direct expansion full DC high efficiency filter fresh air air conditioning unit, including a junior high efficiency filter, a frequency conversion fresh air fan, and a direct expansion air conditioner;
  • the exhaust fan unit includes a body, and An exhaust fan, a disinfection and sterilization device, and a high-efficiency filter are arranged in order along the exhaust direction.
  • a suction end interface is provided at the air inlet end of the body, and an air outlet end interface is provided at the exhaust end of the body, thereby
  • the purification and disinfection treatment device of the anti-secondary pollution treatment system is integrated in the exhaust fan group.
  • the purification and disinfection treatment device of the anti-secondary pollution treatment system is integrated into the exhaust fan group, which saves internal space and is more conducive to the layout of the shelter.
  • the sewage discharge device is a vacuum toilet set in a toilet for medical care and a toilet for patients, and is equipped with high temperature disinfection and sterilization components.
  • the medical toilet and buffer room are arranged front and rear on the same side of the medical work area, and the three together form a front rectangle; the patient toilet is located at the back of the ward, and the two together form a rear rectangle ;
  • the front rectangle and the back rectangle have the same width, and an observation window is set between the medical work area and the patient room.
  • a movable folding hospital bed with a safety belt is provided in the hospital room, and the movable folding hospital bed is equipped with a fixing device.
  • the above structure is adopted to effectively ensure the safety of patients and facilitate the storage of hospital beds.
  • an external door is opened in the front of the medical work area, and an external door is opened on the side of the patient room close to the buffer room.
  • the two indoor doors of the buffer room are diagonally staggered to extend the flow path of the airflow in the buffer room. .
  • the above structure is adopted to prevent the contaminated air in the square cabin body from escaping when the outer door is opened, and at the same time facilitate air circulation in the buffer room.
  • the intelligent management system further includes a remote medical consultation system, which uploads the patient's vital signs data monitored by the patient's physical condition monitoring module, performs online inspection, and realizes the functions of remote consultation and remote medical treatment.
  • a remote medical consultation system which uploads the patient's vital signs data monitored by the patient's physical condition monitoring module, performs online inspection, and realizes the functions of remote consultation and remote medical treatment.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention takes the negative pressure isolation ward unit as the core, combines it with the container and the mobile transportation of the vehicle, and considers the needs of the people's life, and divides the indoor functional areas. It is a combination of mobile, negative pressure isolation, and ventilation.
  • the smart cabin with air conditioning, secondary pollution prevention treatment, emergency protection and intelligent management adopts smart home, combined with intelligent control, to achieve intelligent monitoring and alarm of indoor pressure, temperature and humidity, indoor air quality, and related equipment and facilities. And establish a 5G+Internet network model to realize remote observation and remote consultation functions; in the event of an outbreak, it can respond quickly, deal with it in time, prevent cross-infection and secondary pollution, and meet emergency protection, so as to achieve rapid control of the spread of the epidemic.
  • Patients are provided with a comfortable isolation environment for medical treatment and can perform rapid diagnosis and treatment of their illnesses to promote early recovery and provide a guarantee for China's public health emergency system.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mobile emergency isolation shelter.
  • Figure 2 is the control logic diagram when the mobile emergency isolation shelter is used as a negative pressure ward unit (excluding temperature control).
  • Figure 3 is the temperature control logic diagram of the mobile emergency isolation shelter (taking summer as an example).
  • Figure 4 is a control logic diagram when the mobile emergency isolation shelter is used as an ordinary ward unit.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the purification and disinfection treatment device of the anti-secondary pollution treatment system is integrated in the exhaust fan group.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic block diagram of the connection of the emergency support system.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic block diagram of the connection of the intelligent management system.
  • a mobile emergency protection integrated intelligent shelter for infectious diseases includes a mobile emergency isolation shelter body, a ventilation and air conditioning system, a secondary pollution prevention processing system, an emergency guarantee system and an intelligent management system.
  • the mobile emergency isolation shelter body 1 is a box structure, which can be moved by a container crane, or equipped with wheels at the bottom as a tow truck driven by a traction device, and is divided into medical care work in the mobile emergency isolation shelter 1.
  • Area 2, buffer room 4 and ward 5, medical working area 2 is equipped with medical toilet 3, and ward 5 is equipped with patient toilet 6.
  • the ventilation and air conditioning system includes: fresh air air conditioning unit; exhaust fan unit; pressure difference sensor used to monitor the pressure difference between ward 5 and buffer room 4; used to monitor the air quality sensor inside the mobile emergency isolation shelter; used to monitor mobile emergency
  • the temperature sensor inside the isolated shelter it is used to adjust the fresh air volume according to the feedback signal of the air quality sensor, and the fresh air control module to adjust the fresh air temperature according to the feedback signal of the temperature sensor; it is used to adjust the exhaust volume according to the feedback signal of the differential pressure sensor Wind control module.
  • the medical work area 2 is equipped with fresh air vents
  • the ward 5 is equipped with fresh air vents and exhaust vents to ensure that the pressure in the ward 5 is lower than the medical work area 2 and the buffer room 4, forming the medical work area 2, the buffer room 4, and the ward 5. ⁇ directional airflow.
  • the differential pressure sensor 9 is electrically connected to the exhaust air control module, and is used to control the exhaust air of the exhaust fan group.
  • the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the fresh air control module, and is used to control the fresh air volume and fresh air temperature of the fresh air air conditioning unit, and then link the exhaust air control module to adjust the exhaust air volume.
  • the two toilets are separately equipped with toilet exhaust control modules 7.
  • the medical toilet 3 and the buffer room 4 are arranged on the same side of the medical work area 2 front and rear, and the three together form a front rectangle; the patient toilet 6 is located behind the ward 5, and the two together form a rear rectangle; the front rectangle The width is the same as the rear rectangle, and an observation window is arranged between the medical work area 2 and the patient room 5.
  • a movable folding hospital bed with a safety belt is arranged in the hospital room 5, and the movable folding hospital bed is equipped with a fixing device.
  • An external door is opened in the front of the medical work area 2, and an external door is opened on the side of the patient room 5 close to the buffer room 4.
  • the two indoor doors of the buffer room 4 are diagonally staggered to extend the flow path of the airflow in the buffer room 4.
  • the differential pressure sensor 9 is electrically connected to the exhaust air control module, and is used to control the exhaust air of the exhaust fan group.
  • the air quality sensor and the temperature sensor are electrically connected with the fresh air control module to control the fresh air volume and fresh air temperature of the fresh air air conditioning unit, and then link the exhaust air control module to adjust the exhaust air volume.
  • the toilet exhaust control module is connected to the exhaust system 12 as a part of the exhaust system.
  • Fresh air air conditioning units are preferably direct expansion full DC high efficiency filtration fresh air air conditioning units, including junior high school high efficiency filters, variable frequency fresh air fans and direct expansion air conditioners.
  • the ventilation and air conditioning system adopts a fixed fresh air volume and variable exhaust volume control mode; in an epidemic situation, a fixed fresh air volume control is adopted To ensure that the fresh air volume is sufficient, it is only necessary to control the pressure difference gradient within the set range through the exhaust air volume.
  • the exhaust air control module When the differential pressure sensor detects between patient room 5 and buffer room 4 When the pressure difference value is higher or lower than the set pressure difference gradient range, the exhaust air control module is immediately linked to reduce or increase the operating air volume of the exhaust fan group until it returns to the normal pressure difference gradient range. When the doors and windows of the patient room are opened, the exhaust air control module in the patient room is immediately linked to reduce or increase the air volume, and the pressure difference in each area is instantly constant to avoid cross-infection caused by the backflow of polluted airflow. Under normal conditions, it is operated in the mode of fresh air volume and exhaust air volume that meets the air volume specified by the specification and guarantees the gradient pressure difference requirements of the patient room.
  • the ventilation and air conditioning system adopts variable fresh air volume and variable exhaust air. Air quality control mode, and set the air quality parameters of the mobile emergency isolation shelter.
  • the ventilation and air conditioning system operates normally.
  • the quality sensor When the quality sensor detects that the air quality in the medical work area 2 and ward 5 is lower than the set value, it will immediately link the fresh air control module to increase the fresh air volume of the fresh air air conditioning unit, and then link the exhaust air control module to increase the air volume until the air quality The sensor detects that the air quality has returned to normal.
  • the fresh air system and exhaust system operate normally; when the air quality sensor detects that the air quality is lower than the set value, if the air quality sensor detects that the carbon dioxide concentration exceeds At 1000 ppm, the fresh air control module is immediately linked to increase the fresh air volume, and then the exhaust air control module is linked to increase the exhaust air volume, which can quickly meet the air quality requirements in the patient room until the air quality sensor detects that the air quality returns to normal. After the air quality returns to normal, the new air exhaust system and the exhaust system will return to the set normal operation with low air volume, which not only guarantees air quality, but also saves operating energy consumption.
  • the differential pressure sensor 9 performs pressure differential monitoring, and the temperature sensor is used for temperature monitoring in the medical work area 2 and ward 5; when in normal conditions, When the mobile emergency isolation shelter is used as an ordinary ward, the air quality sensor monitors the air quality of the medical work area 2 and ward 5, and the temperature sensor is used for the temperature monitoring of the medical work area 2 and ward 5 to achieve air quality and energy-saving operation control .
  • the bathroom exhaust air control module When used as a negative pressure ward unit, the bathroom exhaust air control module should maintain the room pressure difference and variable air volume operation, and the rest of the time is running at a constant air volume; when used as a normal ward unit, the bathroom exhaust air control module is divided into day and night. The air volume operating conditions.
  • the toilet exhaust control module is connected to the exhaust system 12 as a part of the exhaust system.
  • the fresh air control module can interlock and start the fresh air air conditioning unit in response to the monitoring of the exhaust fan unit start signal, and the exhaust air control module can interlock and stop the exhaust fan unit in response to the monitoring of the fresh air air conditioning unit close signal to realize the interlock of the new exhaust fan unit. Start and stop.
  • the anti-secondary pollution treatment system includes a sewage discharge device for collecting dirt, and a purification and disinfection treatment device for discharging polluted air.
  • the sewage device is a vacuum toilet set in the medical bathroom 3 and the patient bathroom 6, and is equipped with high-temperature disinfection and sterilization components.
  • the exhaust fan unit includes a body 13 in which an exhaust fan 14, a disinfection and sterilization device 15 and a high-efficiency filter 16 are sequentially arranged in the exhaust direction.
  • the exhaust fan 14 is equipped with a pressure difference control module, which can control the air volume of the exhaust fan 14 according to the indoor pressure difference signal to ensure the indoor pressure difference.
  • the disinfection and sterilization device 15 adopts ultraviolet disinfection and sterilization, and the disinfection is thorough.
  • the high efficiency filter 16 can filter Particulate matter, dust and suspended matter in the exhaust air.
  • a suction end interface 17 is provided at the air inlet end of the body 13, and an outlet end interface 18 is provided on the exhaust end of the body 13.
  • a differential pressure transmitter 20 is installed at the front and rear ends of the high efficiency filter 16, and when the pressure difference reaches a certain limit, the differential pressure transmitter 20 prompts to clean and replace the high efficiency filter.
  • a closed valve 19 is provided between the suction port 17 and the exhaust fan 14.
  • the closed valve 19 can be manual or electric. In this embodiment, the closed valve 19 is an electric closed valve. When the exhaust fan unit is closed, the closed valve 19 is linked. closure.
  • the emergency security system includes a battery pack, a dual power source automatic switching device and a distribution box set in the mobile emergency isolation shelter body, as well as a mains connection and a generator connection.
  • the charging power terminal of the battery pack includes the negative pole in the charging power terminal of the battery pack and the positive pole in the charging power terminal of the battery pack, that is, the corresponding charging negative electrode and the charging positive pole;
  • the discharging power terminal of the battery pack includes the discharging power terminal of the battery pack.
  • the negative electrode N2 and the positive electrode L2 in the discharge power terminal of the battery pack correspond to the discharge negative electrode and the discharge positive electrode.
  • the mains connector includes the mains output end of the mains connector and the mains input end of the mains connector.
  • the mains output end of the mains connector includes the mains live wire L1 and the mains connector in the mains output end of the mains connector.
  • the mains neutral line N1 in the mains output of the mains; the generator connector includes the generator power output end of the generator connector and the generator power input end of the generator connector.
  • the mains output of the mains connector is connected to the charging power supply of the battery pack and the mains input of the dual power automatic switching device.
  • the discharging power supply of the battery pack is connected to the battery discharge input of the dual power automatic switching device.
  • the generator The generator power output end of the connector is connected to the generator power input end of the dual power source automatic switching device, and the power output end of the dual power source automatic switching device is connected to the distribution box;
  • the dual-power automatic switching device switches to city power to supply power to the distribution box;
  • the dual-power automatic switching device switches to the battery pack to supply power to the distribution box;
  • the dual power supply automatic switching device switches to the generator set to supply power to the distribution box.
  • the battery pack has the functions of converting 220V mains power into the charging voltage of the battery pack and converting the battery voltage of the battery pack into the discharge voltage of 220V, that is, the battery pack has the functions of step-down and step-up.
  • the dual power supply automatic switching device includes a mains switch 1, a battery switch 2, a mains detection circuit, a battery detection circuit, and a control circuit;
  • the mains input end of the mains switch is connected to the mains output end of the mains connector, the battery discharge input end of the battery switch is connected to the discharge power end of the battery pack, the mains output end of the mains switch, the battery switch
  • the battery discharge output terminal and the generator power output terminal of the generator connector are respectively connected to the distribution box;
  • the mains detection end of the mains detection circuit is connected to the mains output end of the mains connector, the mains detection output end of the mains detection circuit is connected to the mains detection end of the control circuit;
  • the discharge detection end of the battery detection circuit is connected to the battery pack The discharge power terminal of the battery detection circuit is connected, and the discharge detection output terminal of the battery detection circuit is connected to the discharge detection terminal of the control circuit;
  • the control circuit controls the mains switch to close, the battery switch to open, and the generator to turn off, so that the mains supplies power to the distribution box; and the mains charges the battery pack;
  • the control circuit controls the mains switch to open, the battery switch to close, and the generator to close, so that the battery pack can supply power to the distribution box;
  • the control circuit controls the mains switch to turn off, the battery switch to turn off, and the generator starts to make the generator generate electricity Supply power to the distribution box.
  • the intelligent management system includes M mobile emergency isolation shelter bodies, where M is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and is the first isolation shelter, the second isolation shelter, and the third isolation shelter respectively. Cabin,..., the M-th isolated shelter; in the m-th isolated shelter, one or any combination of indoor monitoring modules, GPS positioning modules, equipment operation status monitoring modules, patient body condition monitoring modules, and indoor air environment monitoring modules are provided ,
  • the m is a positive integer less than or equal to M;
  • the monitoring image data output terminal of the indoor monitoring module is connected to the monitoring image data input terminal of the controller, the GPS positioning data output terminal of the GPS positioning module is connected to the GPS positioning data input terminal of the controller, and the equipment operation status data of the equipment operation status monitoring module
  • the output terminal is connected to the equipment operating state data input terminal of the controller, the body state data output terminal of the patient body state monitoring module is connected to the body state data input terminal of the controller, and the air environment data output terminal of the indoor air environment monitoring module is connected to the controller
  • the indoor air environment data input terminal is connected;
  • the transceiver terminal of the wireless transceiver module is connected to the wireless transceiver terminal of the controller; the controller connects the indoor monitoring module, GPS positioning module, equipment operating status monitoring module, and patient body status
  • the data collected by one or any combination of the monitoring module and the indoor air environment monitoring module are uploaded to the cloud management platform (cloud management platform).
  • Indoor monitoring module real-time monitoring of the surrounding environment and indoor environment of the ward unit.
  • GPS positioning module It is convenient for managers to know the location of ward units in real time, especially during transportation and when used for disaster emergency.
  • Equipment operation status monitoring module It can realize equipment operation status and parameter monitoring and data upload. When equipment operation fails, the system will automatically alarm and notify relevant management personnel in time.
  • Indoor air environment monitoring module Including indoor temperature and humidity monitoring data, indoor air quality monitoring data and indoor pressure difference monitoring data, to upload and manage the above monitoring data.
  • Telemedicine module upload patient vital signs data, online check, realize the functions of remote consultation and telemedicine.
  • the wireless transceiver module includes a 5G transceiver unit, and the transceiver terminal of the 5G transceiver unit is connected to the 5G wireless transceiver terminal of the controller.
  • the equipment operation status monitoring module includes equipment operation parameter monitoring unit, equipment operation status monitoring unit and equipment operation failure alarm unit, and the operation parameter data output terminal and control of the equipment operation parameter monitoring unit
  • the operating parameter data input end of the device is connected
  • the operating status data output end of the equipment operating status monitoring unit is connected to the operating status data input end of the controller
  • the fault alarm data input end of the equipment operating fault alarm unit is connected to the fault alarm data output of the controller.
  • the equipment operation parameter data output by the equipment operation parameter monitoring unit and the equipment operation status data output by the equipment operation status monitoring unit are uploaded to the cloud management platform. When the equipment fails, the equipment operation failure alarm unit will automatically alarm.
  • the indoor air environment monitoring module includes an indoor temperature and humidity monitoring unit, an indoor air quality monitoring unit, and an indoor pressure difference monitoring unit, and the temperature and humidity monitoring data output of the indoor temperature and humidity monitoring unit
  • the terminal is connected to the temperature and humidity monitoring data input terminal of the controller
  • the air quality monitoring data output terminal of the indoor air quality monitoring unit is connected to the air quality monitoring data input terminal of the controller
  • the pressure difference monitoring data output terminal of the indoor pressure difference monitoring unit is connected to the air quality monitoring data input terminal of the controller.
  • the controller's pressure difference monitoring data input terminal is connected; the indoor temperature and humidity monitoring data output by its temperature and humidity monitoring unit, the indoor air quality monitoring data output by the indoor air quality monitoring unit, and the indoor pressure difference monitoring data output by the indoor pressure difference monitoring unit Upload to the cloud management platform and manage it.
  • the intelligent management system also includes a remote medical consultation system, which uploads patient vital signs data monitored by its patient body condition monitoring module, performs online inspection, and realizes the functions of remote consultation and remote medical treatment.
  • the indoor monitoring module includes cameras respectively installed in the medical work area, medical toilet, buffer room, patient room, and patient toilet, corresponding to the first camera and the second camera.
  • the camera, the third camera, the fourth camera and the fifth camera, the image data output end of the first camera is connected to the first input end of the image data of the controller, and the image data output end of the second camera is connected to the second image data of the controller
  • the input end is connected, the image data output end of the third camera is connected to the third input end of the image data of the controller, the image data output end of the fourth camera is connected to the fourth input end of the image data of the controller, and the image data of the fifth camera
  • the output terminal is connected to the fifth input terminal of the image data of the controller; the controller displays the image data collected by the first camera to the fifth camera on the display screen in real time in the form of five-screen, which are the first and second screens respectively.
  • the controller receives the i-th split-screen full-screen display trigger signal, and the i is a positive integer less than or equal to 5, then the controller divides the i-th split The screen is displayed on the entire display.
  • the GPS positioning module includes a GPS positioning unit, and the GPS positioning data output terminal of the GPS positioning unit is connected to the GPS positioning data input terminal of the controller; when the cloud management platform sends to the isolated shelter Positioning control command, the controller sends the positioning control command to the GPS positioning unit, and the GPS positioning unit uploads the location of the isolated shelter to the cloud management platform.
  • the cloud management platform is based on the rescue destination and the current location of the isolated shelter. At least one rescue route is planned for the shelter.
  • the patient body state monitoring module includes one or any combination of a patient heart rate monitoring unit, a patient blood pressure monitoring unit, a patient breathing monitoring unit, and a patient body temperature monitoring unit;
  • the heart rate monitoring data output terminal of the patient heart rate monitoring unit is connected to the heart rate monitoring data input terminal of the controller, the blood pressure monitoring data output terminal of the patient blood pressure monitoring unit is connected to the blood pressure monitoring data input terminal of the controller, and the breathing monitoring data of the patient breathing monitoring unit
  • the output terminal is connected with the respiratory monitoring data input terminal of the controller, and the body temperature monitoring data output terminal of the patient body temperature monitoring unit is connected with the body temperature monitoring data input terminal of the controller;
  • the controller When the blood pressure monitoring data received by the controller is greater than or equal to the preset first threshold of the patient’s blood pressure, the controller sends a first alarm signal to the alarm unit, the first alarm signal is that the patient’s blood pressure is too high; when the blood pressure monitoring data received by the controller If it is less than or equal to the preset second threshold of patient blood pressure, and the preset second threshold of patient blood pressure is less than the preset first threshold of patient blood pressure, the controller sends a second alarm signal to the alarm unit, and the second alarm signal is that the patient's blood pressure is low;
  • the controller When the heart rate monitoring data received by the controller is greater than or equal to the preset first threshold of the patient’s heart rate, the controller sends a third alarm signal to the alarm unit.
  • the third alarm signal is that the patient’s heart rate is too high; when the controller receives the heart rate monitoring If the data is less than or equal to the preset second threshold of the patient's heart rate, and the preset second threshold of the patient's heart rate is less than the preset first threshold of the patient's heart rate, the controller sends a fourth alarm signal to the alarm unit, which indicates that the patient's heart rate is too low ;
  • the controller When the breathing monitoring data received by the controller is greater than or equal to the preset first threshold of patient breathing, the controller sends a fifth alarm signal to the alarm unit, and the fifth alarm signal is that the patient's breathing rate is abnormal; when the controller receives the breathing monitoring If the data is less than or equal to the preset second respiration threshold of the patient, and the preset second respiration threshold is less than the preset first respiration threshold of the patient, the controller sends a sixth alarm signal to the alarm unit, and the sixth alarm signal is that the patient’s respiration rate is abnormal ;
  • the controller When the body temperature monitoring data received by the controller is greater than or equal to the preset first threshold of the patient's body temperature, the controller sends a seventh alarm signal to the alarm unit.
  • the seventh alarm signal is that the patient's body temperature is too high; when the controller receives the body temperature monitoring If the data is less than or equal to the second preset patient temperature threshold, and the preset second patient temperature threshold is less than the preset first patient temperature threshold, the controller sends an eighth alarm signal to the alarm unit, and the eighth alarm signal indicates that the patient's body temperature is low .

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种可移动式传染病应急防护一体化智慧方舱，包括移动应急隔离方舱本体、通风空调系统、防二次污染处理系统、应急保障系统和智能化管理系统；在移动应急隔离方舱内分为医护工作区、缓冲室和病室，医护工作区内配备有医护用卫生间，病室内配备有病患用卫生间；通风空调系统包括：新风空调机组；排风机组；压差传感器；空气品质传感器；温度传感器；新风控制模块；排风控制模块；防二次污染处理系统包括排污装置和净化消毒处理装置。集可移动、负压隔离、通风空调、防二次污染处理、应急保障及智能化管理于一体，在突发疫情下，能够做到快速响应，及时处理，防止交叉感染、二次污染并满足应急防护。

Description

可移动式传染病应急防护一体化智慧方舱 技术领域
本发明涉及传染病应急隔离方舱技术领域，具体涉及一种集可移动、负压隔离、通风空调、防二次污染处理、应急保障及智能化管理于一体的智慧方舱。
背景技术
目前我国乃至全球，负压病房都十分有限，而未设置符合标准规范要求负压病房的地区更不在少数。新型冠状病毒的肆虐，凸显出了我国在突发状况下公共安全应急设施设备方面的不足，无法快速响应，及时应急处理。应对突发疫情，临时新建或在既有建筑中改建传染病房，难度大，造价高，资源浪费严重，并且紧急状态下的被动应对难免会存在各种各样不完善的问题。目前国内还未形成可靠的集可移动、负压隔离、传染病病人检查治疗康复等功能为一体化的产品。
用于传染病人转移的急救担架，通过采用耐用无污染释放的高强度透明材料打造担架围护结构，配备电池和负压生成系统(带高效过滤装置)，在结构上设置输氧口、输液口和操作口，可以对病人进行简单的护理操作。
由于负压担架负压营造系统电力有限，空间小等特点，使得其仅适用于传染病人的短距离、短时间转运，医护人员只能对病人进行简单的护理操作，无法对病人进行更深入的检查和治疗。
为控制新型冠状病毒疫情，出现了采用现成集装箱改为的临时病房，没有完整有效的通风系统，无法保证病房内的负压环境。
因此，急需开发可移动式传染病应急防护一体化智慧方舱，满足负压隔离病房相关建设标准规范的要求，具备负压隔离病房单元的完善功能，为传染病防治提供安全应急场所；在突发疫情下，采用应急负压隔离舱，能够做到快速响应，及时处理，达到迅速控制疫情传播以及对患者进行病情诊治的目的，为我国公共卫生应急体系提供保障。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种集可移动、负压隔离、通风空调、防二次污染处理、应急保障及智能化管理于一体的智慧方舱，在突发疫情下，能够做到快速响应，及时处理，防止交叉感染、二次污染并满足应急防护，达到迅速控制疫情传播，为患者提供舒适的隔离就医环境并能进行快速病情诊治以促进早日康复，为我国公共卫生应急体系提供保障。
为此，本发明所采用的技术方案为：一种可移动式传染病应急防护一体化智慧方舱，包括移动应急隔离方舱本体、通风空调系统、防二次污染处理系统、应急保障系统和智能化管理系统；
所述移动应急隔离方舱本体为箱式结构，能通过集装箱吊机移动，或底部配备有车轮作为拖挂车通过牵引装置驱动，在所述移动应急隔离方舱内分为医护工作区、缓冲室和病室，所述医护工作区内配备有医护用卫生间，病室内配备有病患用卫生间；
所述通风空调系统包括：新风空调机组；排风机组；用于监测病室与缓冲室之间压差的压差传感器；用于监测移动应急隔离方舱内部的空气品质传 感器；用于监测移动应急隔离方舱内部的温度传感器；用于根据空气品质传感器的反馈信号调节新风量，根据温度传感器的反馈信号调节新风温度的新风控制模块；用于根据压差传感器的反馈信号调节排风量的排风控制模块；所述医护工作区设置有新风口，病室设置有新风口和排风口，以保证病室内的压力低于医护工作区和缓冲室，形成医护工作区、缓冲室、病室的定向气流；
所述防二次污染处理系统包括用于收集污物的排污装置，用于处理排出污染空气的净化消毒处理装置；
所述应急保障系统包括设置在移动应急隔离方舱本体内的蓄电池组、双电源自动切换装置和配电箱，还包括市电接头和发电机接头；市电接头的市电输出端分别与蓄电池组的充电电源端和双电源自动切换装置的市电输入端相连，蓄电池组的放电电源端与双电源自动切换装置的蓄电池放电输入端相连，发电机接头的发电机电源输出端与双电源自动切换装置的发电机电源输入端相连，双电源自动切换装置的电源输出端与配电箱相连；当有市电时，则双电源自动切换装置切换为市电为配电箱供电；当市电断电时，则双电源自动切换装置切换为蓄电池组为配电箱供电；当市电断电，且蓄电池组放电断电时，则双电源自动切换装置切换为发电机组为配电箱供电；
所述智能化管理系统包括室内监控模块、GPS定位模块、设备运行状态监测模块、病人身体状态监测模块和室内空气环境监测模块之一或者任意组合；室内监控模块的监控图像数据输出端与控制器的监控图像数据输入端相连，GPS定位模块的GPS定位数据输出端与控制器的GPS定位数据输入端相连，设备运行状态监测模块的设备运行状态数据输出端与控制器的设备运行状态 数据输入端相连，病人身体状态监测模块的身体状态数据输出端与控制器的身体状态数据输入端相连，室内空气环境监测模块的空气环境数据输出端与控制器的室内空气环境数据输入端相连；每个移动应急隔离方舱本体内还设置有无线收发模块，无线收发模块的收发端与控制器的无线收发端相连；控制器将室内监控模块、GPS定位模块、设备运行状态监测模块、病人身体状态监测模块和室内空气环境监测模块之一或者任意组合采集的数据上传至云端管理平台。
作为上述方案的优选，所述医护用卫生间、病患用卫生间均配备有卫生间排风控制模块；所述空气品质传感器、温度传感器各为两个，分别设置在医护工作区和病室内。卫生间单独配备排风控制模块，进行单独控制，提高通风效果。
优选为，上述的可移动式传染病应急防护一体化智慧方舱，能实现平疫双用，当作为负压病房单元使用时设计压差被破坏后能即刻恢复正常以防止交叉感染；作为普通病房使用时，新风控制模块能结合空气品质传感器的反馈信号联动调节新风量，进而联动排风控制模块调节排风量，能确保作为普通病房单元使用时降低能耗。其方案为：
当在疫情情况下，移动应急隔离方舱作为负压病房单元使用时，通风空调系统采用定新风量、变排风量控制模式，并设定缓冲室、病室在负压下的压差梯度范围，以确保形成医护工作区、缓冲室、病室的定向气流，当压差传感器监测到病室与缓冲室之间压差值高于或低于设定的压差梯度范围时，立即联动排风控制模块减小或增大排风机组的运行风量，直至恢复到正常的压差梯度范围；
当在平时情况下，移动应急隔离方舱作为普通病房单元使用时，通风空 调系统采用变新风量、变排风量控制模式，并设定移动应急隔离方舱的空气品质参数，当空气品质传感器监测到医护工作区、病室的空气品质优于或等于设定值时，通风空调系统正常运行，当空气品质传感器监测到医护工作区、病室的空气品质劣于设定值时，立即联动新风控制模块增大新风空调机组的新风量，进而联动排风控制模块增大排风量，直至空气品质传感器监测到空气品质恢复正常；
移动应急隔离方舱无论是作为负压病房单元，还是作为普通病房单元使用，当温度传感器监测到医护工作区、病室的温度不在设定范围内时，立即联动新风控制模块调节新风空调机组的新风温度，直至温度传感器监测到温度恢复正常。
进一步优选为，所述新风控制模块能响应于监测到排风机组启动信号联锁启动新风空调机组，排风控制模块用能响应于监测到新风空调机组关闭信号联锁停运排风机组，实现新排风机组联锁启停。为进一步保证方舱内负压状态，新排风机组联锁启停，启动排风机组，进而联锁启动的新风空调机组；关闭新风空调机组，进而联锁停运排风装置。
进一步优选为，所述新风空调机组采用直膨式全直流高效过滤新风空调机组，包括初中高效过滤器、变频新风机和和直膨式空调机；所述排风机组包括机体，在所述机体内沿排风方向依次设置有排风机、消毒灭菌装置和高效过滤器，在所述机体的进风端设置有吸入端接口，在所述机体的排风端设置有出风端接口，从而将防二次污染处理系统的净化消毒处理装置集成在排风机组内。将防二次污染处理系统的净化消毒处理装置集成在排风机组内，节约内部占用空间，更有利于方舱布置。
进一步优选为，所述排污装置为分别设置在医护用卫生间和病患用卫生间内真空集便器，并配有高温消毒灭菌组件。
进一步优选为，所述医护用卫生间、缓冲间在医护工作区的同一侧前后布置，且三者共同围成前矩形；所述病患用卫生间位于病室的后方，且两者共同围成后矩形；所述前矩形与后矩形等宽，且医护工作区与病室之间设置有观察窗。采用以上结构，布置合理，充分利用方舱本体内部空间，尽可能避免医护人员和病患在方舱本体内的行走路线交叉，从而最大限度地避免了交叉感染；观察窗便于医护人员观察病患情况。
进一步优选为，在所述病室内设置有带安全带的可移动折叠病床，所述可移动折叠病床配备有固定装置。采用以上结构，有效保障病人安全，同时便于病床的收纳。
进一步优选为，所述医护工作区的正前方开设有外部门，在病室靠近缓冲间的侧面开设有外部门，缓冲间的两个室内门呈对角错开设置以延长气流在缓冲室的流动路线。采用以上结构，防止打开外部门时，方舱本体内受污染的空气逸出，同时利于缓冲室的空气流通。
进一步优选为，所述智能化管理系统还包括远程会诊医疗系统，将其病人身体状态监测模块监测的病人生命体征数据上传，在线检查，实现远程会诊和远程医疗的功能。
本发明的有益效果：本发明以负压隔离病房单元为核心，将其与集装箱和车辆移动运输相结合，考虑人员生活所需，进行室内功能区域划分，是集可移动、负压隔离、通风空调、防二次污染处理、应急保障及智能化管理于一体的智慧方舱，采用智能家居，结合智能控制，实现对室内压力、温湿度、 室内空气品质以及相关设备设施的智能监测和报警，并建立5G+互联网的网络模式，实现远程观察和远程会诊功能；在突发疫情下，能够做到快速响应，及时处理，防止交叉感染、二次污染并满足应急防护，达到迅速控制疫情传播，为患者提供舒适的隔离就医环境并能进行快速病情诊治以促进早日康复，为我国公共卫生应急体系提供保障。
附图说明
图1为移动应急隔离方舱的结构示意图。
图2为移动应急隔离方舱作为负压病房单元使用时的控制逻辑图(不含温度控制)。
图3为移动应急隔离方舱的温度控制逻辑图(以夏季为例)。
图4为移动应急隔离方舱作为普通病房单元使用时的控制逻辑图。
图5为防二次污染处理系统的净化消毒处理装置集成在排风机组内的结构示意。
图6是应急保障系统的连接示意框图。
图7是智能化管理系统的连接示意框图。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例并结合附图，对本发明作进一步说明：
一种可移动式传染病应急防护一体化智慧方舱，包括移动应急隔离方舱本体、通风空调系统、防二次污染处理系统、应急保障系统和智能化管理系统几个部分。
如图1所示，移动应急隔离方舱本体1为箱式结构，能通过集装箱吊机移动，或底部配备有车轮作为拖挂车通过牵引装置驱动，在移动应急隔离方 舱1内分为医护工作区2、缓冲室4和病室5，医护工作区2内配备有医护用卫生间3，病室5内配备有病患用卫生间6。
通风空调系统包括：新风空调机组；排风机组；用于监测病室5与缓冲室4之间压差的压差传感器；用于监测移动应急隔离方舱内部的空气品质传感器；用于监测移动应急隔离方舱内部的温度传感器；用于根据空气品质传感器的反馈信号调节新风量，根据温度传感器的反馈信号调节新风温度的新风控制模块；用于根据压差传感器的反馈信号调节排风量的排风控制模块。医护工作区2设置有新风口，病室5设置有新风口和排风口，以保证病室5内的压力低于医护工作区2和缓冲室4，形成医护工作区2、缓冲室4、病室5的定向气流。
压差传感器9与排风控制模块电连接，用于控制排风机组的排风。空气品质传感器8、温度传感器与新风控制模块电连接，用于控制新风空调机组的新风量和新风温度，进而联动排风控制模块调节排风量。
最好是，两个卫生间单独配备有卫生间排风控制模块7。空气品质传感器8、温度传感器各为两个，分别设置在医护工作区2和病室5内。
医护用卫生间3、缓冲间4在医护工作区2的同一侧前后布置，且三者共同围成前矩形；病患用卫生间6位于病室5的后方，且两者共同围成后矩形；前矩形与后矩形等宽，且医护工作区2与病室5之间设置有观察窗。在病室5内设置有带安全带的可移动折叠病床，可移动折叠病床配备有固定装置。
医护工作区2的正前方开设有外部门，在病室5靠近缓冲间4的侧面开设有外部门，缓冲间4的两个室内门呈对角错开设置以延长气流在缓冲室4的流动路线。
压差传感器9与排风控制模块电连接，用于控制排风机组的排风。空气品质传感器、温度传感器与新风控制模块电连接，用于控制新风空调机组的新风量和新风温度，进而联动排风控制模块调节排风量。卫生间排风控制模块接入排风系统12中，作为排风系统的一部分。
新风空调机组优选直膨式全直流高效过滤新风空调机组，包括初中高效过滤器、变频新风机和和直膨式空调机。
如图2所示，当在疫情情况下，移动应急隔离方舱作为负压病房单元使用时，通风空调系统采用定新风量、变排风量控制模式；在疫情情况下，采用定新风量控制，以确保新风量足够，只需要通过排风量来控制压差梯度在设定的范围内。设定缓冲室4、病室5在负压下的压差梯度范围，以确保形成医护工作区2、缓冲室4、病室5的定向气流，当压差传感器监测到病室5与缓冲室4之间压差值高于或低于设定的压差梯度范围时，立即联动排风控制模块减小或增大排风机组的运行风量，直至恢复到正常的压差梯度范围。当病室门窗开启，通过立即联动病室内的排风控制模块减小或增大风量，即刻恒定各区域的压差，避免污染气流的倒流造成交叉感染。正常情况运行在满足规范规定的风量以及保证病室梯度压差要求的新风量、排风量模式下
如图4所示，当在平时情况下，移动应急隔离方舱作为普通病房单元使用时，为了保证病室内的空气品质和节约系统的运行能耗，通风空调系统采用变新风量、变排风量控制模式，并设定移动应急隔离方舱的空气品质参数，当空气品质传感器监测到医护工作区2、病室5的空气品质优于或等于设定值时，通风空调系统正常运行，当空气品质传感器监测到医护工作区2、病室5的空气品质劣于设定值时，立即联动新风控制模块增大新风空调机组的新风 量，进而联动排风控制模块增大排风量，直至空气品质传感器监测到空气品质恢复正常。
当空气品质传感器监测到空气品质优于或等于设定值时，新风系统和排风系统正常运行；当空气品质传感器监测到空气品质劣于设定值时，如空气品质传感器监测到二氧化碳浓度超过1000ppm时，立即联动新风控制模块增大新风量，进而联动排风控制模块增大排风量，从而能快速满足病室内的空气品质需求，直至空气品质传感器监测到空气品质恢复正常。空气品质恢复正常后，新、排风系统再恢复至设定的正常情况下小风量运行，既保证空气品质，又节约运行能耗。
结合图3、图4所示，移动应急隔离方舱无论是作为负压病房单元，还是作为普通病房单元使用，当温度传感器监测到医护工作区2、病室5的温度不在设定范围内时，立即联动新风控制模块调节新风空调机组的新风温度，直至温度传感器监测到温度恢复正常。
当在疫情情况下，移动应急隔离方舱作为负压病房单元使用时，压差传感器9进行压差监测，同时温度传感器用于医护工作区2、病室5的温度监测；当在平时情况下，移动应急隔离方舱作为普通病房使用时，空气品质传感器进行医护工作区2、病室5的空气品质监测，同时温度传感器用于医护工作区2、病室5的温度监测，实现空气品质和节能运行控制。
作为负压病房单元使用时，卫生间排风控制模块除应保持房间压差变风量运行外，其余时间均定风量运行；平时作为普通病房单元使用时，卫生间排风控制模块分为白天和夜间不同的风量运行工况。卫生间排风控制模块接入排风系统12中，作为排风系统的一部分。
新风控制模块能响应于监测到排风机组启动信号联锁启动新风空调机组，排风控制模块用能响应于监测到新风空调机组关闭信号联锁停运排风机组，实现新排风机组联锁启停。
防二次污染处理系统包括用于收集污物的排污装置，用于处理排出污染空气的净化消毒处理装置。结合图1、图5所示，排污装置为分别设置在医护用卫生间3和病患用卫生间6内真空集便器，并配有高温消毒灭菌组件。排风机组包括机体13，在机体13内沿排风方向依次设置有排风机14、消毒灭菌装置15和高效过滤器16。排风机14带有压差控制模块，从而能根据室内压差信号来控制排风机14的风量，保证室内压差，消毒灭菌装置15采用紫外线消毒灭菌，消毒彻底，高效过滤器16能够过滤排风中的颗粒物、灰尘和悬浮物。在机体13的进风端设置有吸入端接口17，在机体13的排风端设置有出风端接口18，吸入端接口17和出风端接口18便于排风机组与排气管相连，安装方便；从而将防二次污染处理系统的净化消毒处理装置集成在排风机组内。最好是，在高效过滤器16的前后两端分别安装有压差变送器20，当压差达到一定限值时，压差变送器20提示清洗、更换高效过滤器。在吸入端接口17和排风机14之间设置有密闭阀19，密闭阀19可以采用手动或电动，本实施例中，密闭阀19采用电动密闭阀，当关闭排风机组时，密闭阀19联动关闭。
如图6所示，应急保障系统包括设置在移动应急隔离方舱本体内的蓄电池组、双电源自动切换装置和配电箱，还包括市电接头和发电机接头。蓄电池组的充电电源端包括蓄电池组的充电电源端中的负极和蓄电池组的充电电源端中的正极，即对应充电负极和充电正极；蓄电池组的放电电源端包括蓄电池组 的放电电源端中的负极N2和蓄电池组的放电电源端中的正极L2，即对应放电负极和放电正极。市电接头包括市电接头的市电输出端和市电接头的市电输入端，其市电接头的市电输出端包括市电接头的市电输出端中的市电火线L1和市电接头的市电输出端中的市电零线N1；发电机接头包括发电机接头的发电机电源输出端和发电机接头的发电机电源输入端。使用时，将市电与市电接头的市电输入端连接，发电机电源端与发电机接头的发电机电源输入端连接。
市电接头的市电输出端分别与蓄电池组的充电电源端和双电源自动切换装置的市电输入端相连，蓄电池组的放电电源端与双电源自动切换装置的蓄电池放电输入端相连，发电机接头的发电机电源输出端与双电源自动切换装置的发电机电源输入端相连，双电源自动切换装置的电源输出端与配电箱相连；
当有市电时，则双电源自动切换装置切换为市电为配电箱供电；
当市电断电时，则双电源自动切换装置切换为蓄电池组为配电箱供电；
当市电断电，且蓄电池组放电断电时，则双电源自动切换装置切换为发电机组为配电箱供电。在本实施方式中，蓄电池组具有将220V市电转换为蓄电池组的充电电压以及将蓄电池组的电池电压转换为220V的放电电压的功能，即蓄电池组具有降压和升压的功能。
在本实用新型的一种优选实施方式中，双电源自动切换装置包括市电切换开关1、蓄电池切换开关2、市电检测电路、蓄电池检测电路和控制电路；
市电切换开关的市电输入端与市电接头的市电输出端相连，蓄电池切换开关的蓄电池放电输入端与蓄电池组的放电电源端相连，市电切换开关的市电输出端、蓄电池切换开关的蓄电池放电输出端和发电机接头的发电机电源输出端分别与配电箱相连；
市电检测电路的市电检测端与市电接头的市电输出端相连，市电检测电路的市电检测输出端与控制电路的市电检测端相连；蓄电池检测电路的放电检测端与蓄电池组的放电电源端相连，蓄电池检测电路的放电检测输出端与控制电路的放电检测端相连；
当市电检测电路检测到有市电时，则控制电路控制市电切换开关闭合，蓄电池切换开关断开，发电机关闭，使其市电为配电箱供电；并且市电为蓄电池组充电；
当市电检测电路检测到市电断电，则控制电路控制市电切换开关断开，蓄电池切换开关闭合，发电机关闭，使其蓄电池组为配电箱供电；
当市电检测电路检测到市电断电，且蓄电池检测电路检测到蓄电池组放电断电，则控制电路控制市电切换开关断开，蓄电池切换开关断开，发电机启动，使其发电机发电为配电箱供电。
如图7所示，智能化管理系统包括M个移动应急隔离方舱本体，所述M为大于或者等于1的正整数，分别为第1隔离方舱、第2隔离方舱、第3隔离方舱、……、第M隔离方舱；在第m隔离方舱内设置有室内监控模块、GPS定位模块、设备运行状态监测模块、病人身体状态监测模块和室内空气环境监测模块之一或者任意组合，所述m为小于或者等于M的正整数；
室内监控模块的监控图像数据输出端与控制器的监控图像数据输入端相连，GPS定位模块的GPS定位数据输出端与控制器的GPS定位数据输入端相连，设备运行状态监测模块的设备运行状态数据输出端与控制器的设备运行状态数据输入端相连，病人身体状态监测模块的身体状态数据输出端与控制器的身体状态数据输入端相连，室内空气环境监测模块的空气环境数据输出端与控 制器的室内空气环境数据输入端相连；
还包括设置于第m隔离方舱内的无线收发模块，无线收发模块的收发端与控制器的无线收发端相连；控制器将室内监控模块、GPS定位模块、设备运行状态监测模块、病人身体状态监测模块和室内空气环境监测模块之一或者任意组合采集的数据上传至云端管理平台(云端管理平台)。
室内监控模块：实时对病房单元周围环境和室内环境状况进行监控。
GPS定位模块：便于管理人员实时了解病房单元位置，特别是在运输过程中，以及用于灾害急救时。
设备运行状态监测模块：可以实现设备运行状态及参数的监测和数据上传，当设备出现运行故障时，系统会自动报警，及时通知相关管理人员。
室内空气环境监测模块：包括室内温湿度监测数据、室内空气品质监控数据和室内压差监测数据，实现以上监测数据的上传和管理。
远程医疗模块：病人生命体征数据上传，在线检查，实现远程会诊和远程医疗的功能。
在智能化管理系统的一种优选实施方式中，无线收发模块包括5G收发单元，5G收发单元的收发端与控制器的5G无线收发端相连。
在智能化管理系统的一种优选实施方式中，设备运行状态监测模块包括设备运行参数监测单元、设备运行状态监测单元和设备运行故障报警单元，设备运行参数监测单元的运行参数数据输出端与控制器的运行参数数据输入端相连，设备运行状态监测单元的运行状态数据输出端与控制器的运行状态数据输入端相连，设备运行故障报警单元的故障报警数据输入端与控制器的故障报警数据输出端相连；将其设备运行参数监测单元输出的设备运行参数数据以及设 备运行状态监测单元输出的设备运行状态数据上传至云端管理平台，当设备出现运行故障时，设备运行故障报警单元自动报警。
在智能化管理系统的一种优选实施方式中，室内空气环境监测模块包括室内温湿度监测单元、室内空气品质监测单元和室内压差监测单元，所述室内温湿度监测单元的温湿度监测数据输出端与控制器的温湿度监测数据输入端相连，室内空气品质监测单元的空气品质监测数据输出端与控制器的空气品质监测数据输入端相连，室内压差监测单元的压差监测数据输出端与控制器的压差监测数据输入端相连；将其温湿度监测单元输出的室内温湿度监测数据、室内空气品质监测单元输出的室内空气品质监测数据以及室内压差监测单元输出的室内压差监测数据上传至云端管理平台，并对其进行管理。
在智能化管理系统的一种优选实施方式中，还包括远程会诊医疗系统，将其病人身体状态监测模块监测的病人生命体征数据上传，在线检查，实现远程会诊和远程医疗的功能。
在智能化管理系统的一种优选实施方式中，室内监控模块包括分别安设在医护工作区、医护用卫生间、缓冲间、病室和病患用卫生间的摄像头，分别对应为第一摄像头、第二摄像头、第三摄像头、第四摄像头和第五摄像头，第一摄像头的图像数据输出端与控制器的图像数据第一输入端相连，第二摄像头的图像数据输出端与控制器的图像数据第二输入端相连，第三摄像头的图像数据输出端与控制器的图像数据第三输入端相连，第四摄像头的图像数据输出端与控制器的图像数据第四输入端相连，第五摄像头的图像数据输出端与控制器的图像数据第五输入端相连；控制器将第一摄像头～第五摄像头采集的图像数据以五分屏的形式实时显示在显示屏上，分别为第1分屏、第2分屏、第3分屏、 第4分屏和第5分屏；控制器接收到第i分屏全屏显示触发信号，所述i为小于或者等于5的正整数，则控制器将第i分屏在整个显示屏上显示。
在智能化管理系统的一种优选实施方式中，GPS定位模块包括GPS定位单元，GPS定位单元的GPS定位数据输出端与控制器的GPS定位数据输入端相连；当云端管理平台向隔离方舱发送定位控制命令，则控制器向GPS定位单元发送定位控制命令，GPS定位单元将隔离方舱所处位置上传至云端管理平台，云端管理平台根据救援目的地和当前隔离方舱所处位置，为隔离方舱规划至少一条救援路线。
在智能化管理系统的一种优选实施方式中，病人身体状态监测模块包括患者心率监测单元、患者血压监测单元、患者呼吸监测单元、患者体温监测单元之一或者任意组合；
患者心率监测单元的心率监测数据输出端与控制器的心率监测数据输入端相连，患者血压监测单元的血压监测数据输出端与控制器的血压监测数据输入端相连，患者呼吸监测单元的呼吸监测数据输出端与控制器的呼吸监测数据输入端相连，患者体温监测单元的体温监测数据输出端与控制器的体温监测数据输入端相连；
当控制器接收的血压监测数据大于或者等于预设患者血压第一阈值，则控制器向报警单元发送第一报警信号，该第一报警信号为患者血压偏高；当控制器接收的血压监测数据小于或者等于预设患者血压第二阈值，预设患者血压第二阈值小于预设患者血压第一阈值，则控制器向报警单元发送第二报警信号，该第二报警信号为患者血压偏低；
当控制器接收到的心率监测数据大于或者等于预设患者心率第一阈值，则 控制器向报警单元发送第三报警信号，该第三报警信号为患者心率过高；当控制器接收的心率监测数据小于或者等于预设患者心率第二阈值，预设患者心率第二阈值小于预设患者心率第一阈值，则控制器向报警单元发送第四报警信号，该第四报警信号为患者心率过低；
当控制器接收到的呼吸监测数据大于或者等于预设患者呼吸第一阈值，则控制器向报警单元发送第五报警信号，该第五报警信号为患者呼吸频率异常；当控制器接收的呼吸监测数据小于或者等于预设患者呼吸第二阈值，预设患者呼吸第二阈值小于预设患者呼吸第一阈值，则控制器向报警单元发送第六报警信号，该第六报警信号为患者呼吸频率异常；
当控制器接收到的体温监测数据大于或者等于预设患者体温第一阈值，则控制器向报警单元发送第七报警信号，该第七报警信号为患者体温过高；当控制器接收的体温监测数据小于或者等于预设患者体温第二阈值，预设患者体温第二阈值小于预设患者体温第一阈值，则控制器向报警单元发送第八报警信号，该第八报警信号为患者体温偏低。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种可移动式传染病应急防护一体化智慧方舱，包括移动应急隔离方舱本体(1)、通风空调系统、防二次污染处理系统、应急保障系统和智能化管理系统，其特征在于：
    所述移动应急隔离方舱本体(1)为箱式结构，能通过集装箱吊机移动，或底部配备有车轮作为拖挂车通过牵引装置驱动，在所述移动应急隔离方舱(1)内分为医护工作区(2)、缓冲室(4)和病室(5)，所述医护工作区(2)内配备有医护用卫生间(3)，病室(5)内配备有病患用卫生间(6)；
    所述通风空调系统包括：新风空调机组；排风机组；用于监测病室(5)与缓冲室(4)之间压差的压差传感器；用于监测移动应急隔离方舱内部的空气品质传感器；用于监测移动应急隔离方舱内部的温度传感器；用于根据空气品质传感器的反馈信号调节新风量，根据温度传感器的反馈信号调节新风温度的新风控制模块；用于根据压差传感器的反馈信号调节排风量的排风控制模块；所述医护工作区(2)设置有新风口，病室(5)设置有新风口和排风口，以保证病室(5)内的压力低于医护工作区(2)和缓冲室(4)，形成医护工作区(2)、缓冲室(4)、病室(5)的定向气流；
    所述防二次污染处理系统包括用于收集污物的排污装置，用于处理排出污染空气的净化消毒处理装置；
    所述应急保障系统包括设置在移动应急隔离方舱本体内的蓄电池组、双电源自动切换装置和配电箱，还包括市电接头和发电机接头；市电接头的市电输出端分别与蓄电池组的充电电源端和双电源自动切换装置的市电输入端相连， 蓄电池组的放电电源端与双电源自动切换装置的蓄电池放电输入端相连，发电机接头的发电机电源输出端与双电源自动切换装置的发电机电源输入端相连，双电源自动切换装置的电源输出端与配电箱相连；当有市电时，则双电源自动切换装置切换为市电为配电箱供电；当市电断电时，则双电源自动切换装置切换为蓄电池组为配电箱供电；当市电断电，且蓄电池组放电断电时，则双电源自动切换装置切换为发电机组为配电箱供电；
    所述智能化管理系统包括室内监控模块、GPS定位模块、设备运行状态监测模块、病人身体状态监测模块和室内空气环境监测模块之一或者任意组合；室内监控模块的监控图像数据输出端与控制器的监控图像数据输入端相连，GPS定位模块的GPS定位数据输出端与控制器的GPS定位数据输入端相连，设备运行状态监测模块的设备运行状态数据输出端与控制器的设备运行状态数据输入端相连，病人身体状态监测模块的身体状态数据输出端与控制器的身体状态数据输入端相连，室内空气环境监测模块的空气环境数据输出端与控制器的室内空气环境数据输入端相连；每个移动应急隔离方舱本体内还设置有无线收发模块，无线收发模块的收发端与控制器的无线收发端相连；控制器将室内监控模块、GPS定位模块、设备运行状态监测模块、病人身体状态监测模块和室内空气环境监测模块之一或者任意组合采集的数据上传至云端管理平台。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的可移动式传染病应急防护一体化智慧方舱，其特征在于：所述医护用卫生间(3)、病患用卫生间(6)均配备有卫生间排风控制模块；所述空气品质传感器、温度传感器各为两个，分别设置在医护工作区(2)和病室(5)内。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的可移动式传染病应急防护一体化智慧方舱，其 特征在于：当在疫情情况下，移动应急隔离方舱作为负压病房单元使用时，通风空调系统采用定新风量、变排风量控制模式，并设定缓冲室(4)、病室(5)在负压下的压差梯度范围，以确保形成医护工作区(2)、缓冲室(4)、病室(5)的定向气流，当压差传感器监测到病室(5)与缓冲室(4)之间压差值高于或低于设定的压差梯度范围时，立即联动排风控制模块减小或增大排风机组的运行风量，直至恢复到正常的压差梯度范围；
    当在平时情况下，移动应急隔离方舱作为普通病房单元使用时，通风空调系统采用变新风量、变排风量控制模式，并设定移动应急隔离方舱的空气品质参数，当空气品质传感器监测到医护工作区(2)、病室(5)的空气品质优于或等于设定值时，通风空调系统正常运行，当空气品质传感器监测到医护工作区(2)、病室(5)的空气品质劣于设定值时，立即联动新风控制模块增大新风空调机组的新风量，进而联动排风控制模块增大排风量，直至空气品质传感器监测到空气品质恢复正常；
    移动应急隔离方舱无论是作为负压病房单元，还是作为普通病房单元使用，当温度传感器监测到医护工作区(2)、病室(5)的温度不在设定范围内时，立即联动新风控制模块调节新风空调机组的新风温度，直至温度传感器监测到温度恢复正常。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的可移动式传染病应急防护一体化智慧方舱，其特征在于：所述新风控制模块能响应于监测到排风机组启动信号联锁启动新风空调机组，排风控制模块用能响应于监测到新风空调机组关闭信号联锁停运排风机组，实现新排风机组联锁启停。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的可移动式传染病应急防护一体化智慧方舱，其 特征在于：所述新风空调机组采用直膨式全直流高效过滤新风空调机组，包括初中高效过滤器、变频新风机和和直膨式空调机；所述排风机组包括机体(13)，在所述机体(13)内沿排风方向依次设置有排风机(14)、消毒灭菌装置(15)和高效过滤器(16)，在所述机体(13)的进风端设置有吸入端接口(17)，在所述机体(13)的排风端设置有出风端接口(18)，从而将防二次污染处理系统的净化消毒处理装置集成在排风机组内。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的可移动式传染病应急防护一体化智慧方舱，其特征在于：所述排污装置为分别设置在医护用卫生间(3)和病患用卫生间(6)内真空集便器，并配有高温消毒灭菌组件。
  7. 根据权利要求1—4或6中任一项所述的可移动式传染病应急防护一体化智慧方舱，其特征在于：所述医护用卫生间(3)、缓冲间(4)在医护工作区(2)的同一侧前后布置，且三者共同围成前矩形；所述病患用卫生间(6)位于病室(5)的后方，且两者共同围成后矩形；所述前矩形与后矩形等宽，且医护工作区(2)与病室(5)之间设置有观察窗。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的可移动式传染病应急防护一体化智慧方舱，其特征在于：在所述病室(5)内设置有带安全带的可移动折叠病床，所述可移动折叠病床配备有固定装置。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的可移动式传染病应急防护一体化智慧方舱，其特征在于：所述医护工作区(2)的正前方开设有外部门，在病室(5)靠近缓冲间(4)的侧面开设有外部门，缓冲间(4)的两个室内门呈对角错开设置以延长气流在缓冲室(4)的流动路线。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的可移动式传染病应急防护一体化智慧方舱，其 特征在于：所述智能化管理系统还包括远程会诊医疗系统，将其病人身体状态监测模块监测的病人生命体征数据上传，在线检查，实现远程会诊和远程医疗的功能。
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CN114322161A (zh) * 2022-01-06 2022-04-12 中国人民解放军总医院 集成icu、负压隔离、富氧治疗和正压防护功能的医疗方舱
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