Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
  • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
  • F02B19/10—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder
  • F02B19/1004—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder details of combustion chamber, e.g. mounting arrangements
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
  • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
  • F02B19/10—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder
  • F02B19/1004—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder details of combustion chamber, e.g. mounting arrangements
  • F02B19/1014—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder details of combustion chamber, e.g. mounting arrangements design parameters, e.g. volume, torch passage cross sectional area, length, orientation, or the like
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
  • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
  • F02B19/10—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder
  • F02B19/1019—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder with only one pre-combustion chamber
  • F02B19/108—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder with only one pre-combustion chamber with fuel injection at least into pre-combustion chamber, i.e. injector mounted directly in the pre-combustion chamber
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
  • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
  • F02B19/12—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with positive ignition
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
  • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
  • F02B19/16—Chamber shapes or constructions not specific to sub-groups F02B19/02 - F02B19/10
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
  • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
  • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
  • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
  • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
  • F02M21/0248—Injectors
  • F02M21/0281—Adapters, sockets or the like to mount injection valves onto engines; Fuel guiding passages between injectors and the air intake system or the combustion chamber
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
  • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
  • F02F1/242—Arrangement of spark plugs or injectors
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
  • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
  • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

Definitions

• the invention relates to a cylinder head with at least one recess for arranging at least one gas valve and at least one spark plug, wherein the spark plug extends into an antechamber, the spark plug is arranged along a spark plug axis of rotation and the gas valve is arranged along a gas valve axis of rotation, the gas valve axis of rotation for Spark plug rotation axis is inclined, and a distance between the gas valve rotation axis and the spark plug rotation axis decreases with a distance from the prechamber in a direction remote from the combustion chamber.
• This cylinder head is provided for an internal combustion engine with gasoline engine combustion with combustion of a gaseous fuel. Natural gas, for example, can be used as fuel. Any other gaseous fuel can also be burned.
• a cylinder head is known from CN 109098834 A, for example.
• This has a gas valve on one side of the cylinder axis and the spark plug is arranged opposite the gas valve on the other side of a plane spanned by the cylinder axis.
• the gas valve is aligned parallel to the cylinder axis.
• the spark plug is inclined slightly outwards away from the prechamber. The space required increases sharply away from the antechamber.
• the gas exchange valves the guides of which are usually located around this arrangement, must move further outwards and thus have a greater distance between the valve axes and the cylinder axis.
• the object of the present invention is to give an improved cylinder head that allows faster finishing.
• the recess for the spark plug and gas valve has a surface which is formed by primary molding - preferably by casting - and is particularly preferably not reworked.
• the processing surfaces do not overlap and the quality of the resulting surfaces increases and the production effort decreases.
• the inclined arrangement in which the distance from the combustion chamber decreases, saves installation space.
• the management of the gas exchange valves can be arranged directly around the spark plug.
• the recess is largely cast and only the part for inserting the spark plug and the gas valve, a gas valve receiving surface and a spark plug receiving surface are machined.
• the two processing surfaces do not overlap.
• the embodiment according to the invention has the advantage that installation space can be saved.
• an angle of inclination between the axis of rotation of the gas valve and the axis of rotation of the spark plug is between 0.5 ° and 5 °, preferably 1.5 °.
• a particularly favorable position for the gaseous fuel introduced by the gas valve results for the spark plug in the case when the spark plug axis of rotation is arranged concentrically to a cylinder axis of rotation of a cylinder bore.
• the combustion can proceed as evenly as possible from the centrally arranged spark plug.
• the ignition quality can be positively influenced in this way.
• This effect can be increased if the prechamber axis of rotation is arranged concentrically to the cylinder axis of rotation of the cylinder bore.
• this concentric arrangement of the components is favorable for the space required.
• the expansion of the individual components transversely to a cylinder axis of rotation can thus be reduced.
• the cylinder head has at least one receiving sleeve for the gas valve and spark plug, in which the recess is formed.
• This common recess for the gas valve and spark plug is formed in a separate component by casting.
• the separate component is referred to as a receiving sleeve.
• the recess is advantageously not reworked in any embodiment. This saves manufacturing steps, costs and times.
• a spark plug is formed by a mechanically machined surface, preferably by a bore.
• a gas valve receiving surface is formed by a mechanically machined surface - preferably formed by a bore.
• spark plug receiving surface and gas valve receiving surface are mechanically processed surfaces that are spaced apart from one another and do not intersect.
• the machining surfaces to obtain the gas valve receiving surface and spark plug receiving surface in the recess do not penetrate, so that the machining surfaces do not have any overlapping. As a result, the entry of chips into the other receiving recess during the machining can be reduced.
• This effect is particularly noticeable for an embodiment when the receiving sleeve extends in the direction of a cylinder axis of rotation up to a height and / or extends over this height at which the valve springs are arranged, the gas exchange valves being in the closed position.
• the space saving compared to a conventional cylinder head can be increased even further if a distance between the receiving sleeve and the gas exchange valves in a plane normal to the cylinder axis of rotation is small, with a ratio between diameter and distance between 1.5 and 3.5 be carries.
• FIG. 1 shows a cylinder head according to the invention in a section
• FIG. 2 shows a receiving sleeve and an antechamber casing of the cylinder head according to the invention in detail in a section analogous to FIG. 1;
• FIG. 3 shows a further detail of the receiving sleeve and the antechamber casing from FIG. 2.
• Fig. 1 shows a cylinder head 1 according to the invention in a section.
• a surface of a combustion chamber 2 of a cylinder (not shown in more detail) is referred to as fire deck 3.
• the gas exchange valves 5 are each displaceable in a guide 6 and against the force of a valve spring 7.
• two gas exchange valves 5 can be seen, which are arranged on the side of a cylinder axis of rotation 8 and lead out as poppet valves.
• the valve springs 7 are supported away from the combustion chamber 2 in the direction of the cylinder axis of rotation 8 on a top surface 9 of the cylinder head 1 with a first end 10.
• the cylinder head 1 From the cylinder axis of rotation 8 radially inside the two gas exchange valves 5, the cylinder head 1 has a wall 12 with an opening 13, the opening 13 penetrating the cylinder head 1 along the cylinder axis of rotation 8. A receiving sleeve 14 is arranged within this opening 13. A spark plug 15 is arranged within the receiving sleeve 14 along a spark plug axis of rotation 16. In the direction of the combustion chamber 2, a prechamber 17 is provided following the spark plug 15, which is at least partially enclosed by a prechamber shell 18. The prechamber 17 is connected to the combustion chamber 2 via overflow openings not shown in detail.
• the antechamber 17 has an antechamber axis of rotation 27 along which it is arranged.
• the prechamber 17 with its prechamber axis of rotation 27 and the spark plug 15 with its spark plug axis of rotation 16 are directed concentrically to a cylinder bore, not shown, with the cylinder axis of rotation 8. In alternative embodiments, this opening 13 is located offset to the axis of rotation 8 of the cylinder. In addition, the prechamber axis of rotation 27 and the ignition plug axis of rotation 16 can be spaced apart from the cylinder axis of rotation 8 independently of one another.
• An outer diameter D of the receiving sleeve 14 is very close to the valve springs 7.
• a distance E between receiving sleeve 14 and gas exchange valve 5 corresponds to about 0.4 times the outer diameter D.
• the coherence between diameter D and distance E is expressed here with the ratio D / E and is about 2.4. In conventional designs, a ratio D / E can be between 1.5 and 3.5.
• the distance E is specified here in a plane e which is perpendicular to the cylinder axis of rotation 8 and therefore forms the normal axis on the cylinder axis of rotation 8.
• An intersection of the gas valve rotation axis 19 and the spark plug rotation axis 16 is arranged outside the receiving sleeve 14 in the direction of the top surface 9, facing away from the combustion chamber 2.
• cooling spaces and cooling channels are arranged, which are denoted by the reference symbol K. Cooling spaces K for cooling the cylinder head 1 are also provided around the gas exchange ducts 4. Seals are provided to protect the individual operating fluids from each other.
• a gas valve 20 is aligned along a gas valve axis of rotation 19. This gas valve 20 extends into a gas channel 21, which in turn connects the gas valve 20 with the chamber 17 in front of flow.
• the receiving sleeve 14 extends up to a height H from the fire deck 3. At this height, the first end 10 of the valve spring 7 rests on a support surface 22. In the embodiment shown, the receiving sleeve 14 in the opening 13 extends almost to the top surface 9.
• the receiving sleeve 14 and the elements within the receiving sleeve 14, as well as the antechamber casing 18 are shown enlarged in FIG. 2. It can be clearly seen that the axis of rotation of the gas valve 19 is inclined to the axis of rotation of the spark plug 16.
• the angle of inclination cp is about 1.5 ° in the embodiment shown.
• the angle of inclination cp in alternative designs is between 0.5 ° and 5 °.
• the gas valve 20 is inclined towards the spark plug 15 in the direction of the top surface 9 of the cylinder head 1. Here the spark plug 15 is concentric to the cylinder bore with the cylinder axis of rotation 8 and the prechamber 17.
• the gas valve 20 is particularly small and has a very small distance A from the spark plug 15.
• the installation space is further reduced by the inclination with the inclination angle cp. As a result, the distance A to the top surface 9 of the cylinder head 1 continues to decrease.
• the receiving sleeve 14 has a recess 23 in its interior. This recess 23 is formed jointly for the gas valve 20 and the spark plug 15 by casting the receiving sleeve 14. A surface 0 of the recess 23 is not machined.
• a gas valve receiving surface 24 is provided for receiving and fastening the gas valve 20 in the receiving sleeve 14.
• the gas valve receiving surface 24 is formed by machining along a processing surface 25 for the gas valve 20.
• a spark plug receiving surface 26 is located in the receiving sleeve 14 for receiving and securing the spark plug 15.
• This spark plug receiving surface 26 is in turn formed by machining along a second processing surface 25 for the spark plug 15.
• This gas valve receiving surface 24 and the spark plug receiving surface 26 are, for example, cylindrical.
• the spark plug 15 and the gas valve 20 are each arranged in bores.
• the antechamber shell 18 is preferably connected to the receiving sleeve 14 via a connection not shown in detail.
• the processing surfaces 25 for the gas valve 20 and for the spark plug 15 are indicated in FIGS. 2 and 3 with dot-dash lines.
• the processing surfaces 25 do not overlap within the receiving sleeve 14 and are always at a distance from one another within the receiving sleeve 14.
• FIG. 3 shows a further enlarged detail of the receiving sleeve 14 and the front chamber cover 18 from FIG. 2.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
• Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)

Priority Applications (4)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

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Citations (7)

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• 2020
  • 2020-03-16 AT ATA50222/2020A patent/AT523273B1/de active
• 2021
  • 2021-03-16 US US17/910,795 patent/US12049843B2/en active Active
  • 2021-03-16 JP JP2022555954A patent/JP7678818B2/ja active Active
  • 2021-03-16 DE DE112021001647.4T patent/DE112021001647A5/de active Pending
  • 2021-03-16 CN CN202180021487.XA patent/CN115298423B/zh active Active
  • 2021-03-16 WO PCT/AT2021/060090 patent/WO2021184053A1/de not_active Ceased

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