WO2021181772A1 - 水素システムおよび水素システムの運転方法 - Google Patents
水素システムおよび水素システムの運転方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021181772A1 WO2021181772A1 PCT/JP2020/045751 JP2020045751W WO2021181772A1 WO 2021181772 A1 WO2021181772 A1 WO 2021181772A1 JP 2020045751 W JP2020045751 W JP 2020045751W WO 2021181772 A1 WO2021181772 A1 WO 2021181772A1
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 382
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 382
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 376
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 176
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
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- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 22
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 20
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 8
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/06—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
- C25B15/087—Recycling of electrolyte to electrochemical cell
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
- C25B15/023—Measuring, analysing or testing during electrolytic production
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
- C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0656—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants by electrochemical means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2256/00—Main component in the product gas stream after treatment
- B01D2256/16—Hydrogen
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/32—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D61/00
- B01D53/326—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D61/00 in electrochemical cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to a hydrogen system and a method of operating the hydrogen system.
- Patent Document 1 describes a hydrogen purification boosting system in which an electrolyte membrane is provided between an anode and a cathode, and hydrogen is purified and boosted by applying a voltage between the anode and the cathode.
- the laminated structure of the anode, the electrolyte membrane and the cathode is called a membrane-electrode assembly (MEA).
- Patent Document 1 discloses that when the hydrogen purification boosting system is stopped, the gas remaining in the system is purged with nitrogen.
- Patent Document 2 when the anode gas flow path is blocked (flooded) by condensed water, the cathode gas is supplied to the anode gas flow path to eliminate the flooding of the anode gas flow path. Is described.
- the hydrogen system of one aspect of the present disclosure applies a voltage between the anode and the cathode to move the hydrogen in the hydrogen-containing gas supplied to the anode to the cathode via the electrolyte membrane and compress it.
- the compressor the first flow path through which the hydrogen-containing gas discharged from the anode of the compressor flows, and the second flow for supplying the cathode off gas discharged from the cathode of the compressor to the anode of the compressor. It includes a path, an on-off valve provided in the second flow path, and a controller that opens the on-off valve when normally stopped.
- the hydrogen system of one aspect of the present disclosure and the method of operating the hydrogen system have the effect that the possibility of flooding at the anode can be reduced as compared with the conventional case.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the hydrogen system of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a hydrogen system according to an embodiment of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a hydrogen system according to a first modification of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a hydrogen system of a second modification of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the hydrogen system of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the hydrogen system of the third embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the hydrogen system of the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of the hydrogen system of the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of the hydrogen system of the sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of the hydrogen system of the seventh embodiment.
- Patent Document 1 does not fully study the decrease in strength of the electrolyte membrane due to creep when the hydrogen purification and pressurization system is stopped. Further, Patent Document 1 does not fully study the possibility that the efficiency of the hydrogen compression operation of the system decreases when the hydrogen purification and pressurization system is restarted.
- the electrolyte membrane exhibits the desired proton conductivity in a wet state. Therefore, in order to maintain the desired value of the efficiency of the hydrogen compression operation of the compressor, it is necessary to keep the electrolyte membrane in a wet state. Therefore, conventionally, high humidity hydrogen-containing gas is often supplied to the anode of the compressor. Then, after the compressor is stopped, the water vapor in the hydrogen-containing gas is condensed due to the temperature drop of the hydrogen-containing gas, which may cause blockage (flooding) by the condensed water in the anode gas flow path. As a result, if the diffusion overvoltage of the compressor due to the inhibition of the diffusivity of the hydrogen-containing gas increases, the efficiency of the hydrogen compression operation of the compressor may decrease.
- the electrochemical hydrogen pump of Patent Document 2 is considered when an abnormality such as an abnormal blockage of the anode gas flow path occurs, but in the case of a normal stop where an abnormality such as an abnormal blockage of the anode gas flow path does not occur. Not considered. Specifically, after this normal stop, condensed water is generated in the anode gas flow path as the temperature of a compressor such as an electrochemical hydrogen pump drops, which may cause blockage of the anode flow path. Patent Document 2 does not consider this point. Further, in Patent Document 2, creep of the electrolyte membrane is suppressed when the anode gas flow path is abnormally blocked, but this is not suppressed when the anode gas flow path is normally stopped.
- the present inventors have diligently studied and focused on the fact that the high-pressure hydrogen existing in the cathode of the compressor has a lower humidity than the high-humidity hydrogen-containing gas existing in the anode, and by utilizing this, The idea was to suppress the flooding of the anode gas flow path of the compressor.
- the hydrogen system of the first aspect of the present disclosure by applying a voltage between the anode and the cathode, hydrogen in the hydrogen-containing gas supplied to the anode is moved to the cathode via the electrolyte membrane and compressed.
- An on-off valve provided in the second flow path and a controller for opening the on-off valve when normally stopped are provided.
- the hydrogen system of this embodiment can reduce the possibility of flooding at the anode as compared with the conventional case.
- the high humidity hydrogen-containing gas existing in the anode is supplied from the cathode by opening the on-off valve provided in the second flow path at the time of normal stop. Can be replaced with a cathode off gas. That is, since the high-humidity hydrogen-containing gas is pushed out to the first flow path by the low-humidity cathode-off gas, the gas existing at the anode is replaced with the latter cathode-off gas from the former hydrogen-containing gas. As a result, the hydrogen system of this embodiment is less likely to cause flooding of the anode gas flow path. Then, when the compressor is restarted, the efficiency of the hydrogen compression operation can be appropriately maintained.
- the hydrogen system of this embodiment can suppress the decrease in strength of the electrolyte membrane due to creep more than before.
- the differential pressure between the anode and the cathode is quickly reduced by opening the on-off valve provided in the second flow path at the time of normal stop, so that the electrolyte membrane creeps. This makes it difficult for the electrolyte membrane to become thin. Thereby, the hydrogen system of this embodiment can appropriately maintain the strength of the electrolyte membrane.
- the hydrogen system of the second aspect of the present disclosure includes a third flow path through which the cathode off gas discharged from the cathode of the compressor flows in the hydrogen system of the first aspect, and the second flow path branches from the third flow path. You may.
- the hydrogen system of the third aspect of the present disclosure includes a fourth flow path through which the hydrogen-containing gas supplied to the anode of the compressor flows in the hydrogen system of the first or second aspect, and the second flow path is a second flow path. 4 You may join the flow path.
- the hydrogen system of the fourth aspect of the present disclosure is the hydrogen system of the second aspect, in which the flow of the cathode off gas discharged from the cathode of the compressor flows into the third flow path downstream from the portion branched to the second flow path.
- a first check valve may be provided to prevent flow in the opposite direction.
- the hydrogen system of this embodiment by providing the first check valve in the third flow path, even if the on-off valve provided in the second flow path is opened at the time of normal stop, the anode is connected to the anode.
- the amount of gas supplied to the system can be limited to an appropriate amount.
- the above-mentioned inconvenience can be alleviated by using the first check valve having a simple structure.
- the hydrogen system of the fifth aspect of the present disclosure is the flow of the hydrogen-containing gas supplied to the anode of the compressor in the fourth flow path upstream from the point where the second flow path joins in the hydrogen system of the third aspect.
- a second check valve may be provided to prevent the flow in the direction opposite to that of the above.
- the hydrogen system of this embodiment by providing the second check valve in the fourth flow path, even if the on-off valve provided in the second flow path is opened at the time of normal stop, the anode is from the cathode to the anode. It is possible to prevent the high-pressure cathode off gas supplied to the system from flowing into the low-pressure anode gas supply system. As a result, the hydrogen system of this embodiment can reduce damage to low-voltage equipment provided in the anode gas supply system, as compared with the case where the second check valve is not provided in the fourth flow path.
- the above-mentioned inconvenience can be alleviated by using the second check valve having a simple structure.
- the hydrogen system of the sixth aspect of the present disclosure reduces the pressure of the cathode off gas flowing through the second flow path to the second flow path downstream of the on-off valve in any one of the first to fifth aspects of the hydrogen system.
- a pressure reducing valve may be provided.
- the cathode off gas supplied to the anode through the second flow path by the pressure reducing valve can be reduced. This makes it possible to reduce the possibility of damage to the member used for the anode of the compressor.
- the hydrogen system of the seventh aspect of the present disclosure prevents the flow of the cathode off gas flowing through the second flow path in the second flow path downstream of the pressure reducing valve in the direction opposite to the direction of the flow of the cathode off gas in the hydrogen system of the sixth aspect in the hydrogen system of the sixth aspect.
- a third check valve may be provided.
- the hydrogen system of this embodiment can prevent high-pressure hydrogen existing at the cathode from flowing back to the pressure reducing valve through the second flow path even when the electrolyte membrane is damaged. Is less likely to break down.
- the hydrogen system of the eighth aspect of the present disclosure adjusts the flow rate of the cathode off gas flowing through the second flow path in the second flow path between the pressure reducing valve and the third check valve in the hydrogen system of the seventh aspect.
- a flow controller may be provided.
- the flow rate regulator allows the flow rate of the cathode off gas flowing through the second flow path to be a desired flow rate. Can be limited to. Then, in the hydrogen system of this embodiment, by reducing the flow rate of the cathode off gas, the cathode off gas can be stably supplied from the cathode to the anode through the second flow path. Further, in the hydrogen system of this embodiment, by reducing the flow rate of the cathode off gas, the time for the low humidity cathode off gas to pass through the anode can be lengthened. As a result, the hydrogen system of this embodiment is less likely to cause flooding of the anode gas flow path.
- the first flow path merges with the fourth flow path downstream of the second check valve.
- the hydrogen system of this embodiment in the hydrogen system of this embodiment, the high-pressure cathode off gas supplied to the anode of the compressor is discharged from the anode by opening the on-off valve provided in the second flow path when normally stopped.
- the hydrogen system of this embodiment can reduce damage to low-voltage equipment provided in the anode gas supply system, as compared with the case where the second check valve is not provided in the fourth flow path.
- the operation method of the hydrogen system of this embodiment can reduce the possibility of flooding at the anode as compared with the conventional method.
- the method of operating the hydrogen system of this embodiment can suppress a decrease in the strength of the electrolyte membrane due to creep as compared with the conventional method.
- the details of the action and effect of the operation method of the hydrogen system of this embodiment are the same as those of the hydrogen system of the first aspect, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the hydrogen system of the first embodiment.
- the hydrogen system 200 of the first embodiment includes an electrochemical hydrogen pump 100, a first flow path 1, a second flow path 2, an on-off valve 5, and a controller 50. ..
- the cell of the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100 includes an electrolyte membrane 20, an anode AN, and a cathode CA.
- the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100 may include a stack in which a plurality of such cells are stacked. Details will be described later.
- the anode AN is provided on one main surface of the electrolyte membrane 20.
- the anode AN is an electrode including an anode catalyst layer and an anode gas diffusion layer.
- the cathode CA is provided on the other main surface of the electrolyte membrane 20.
- the cathode CA is an electrode including a cathode catalyst layer and a cathode gas diffusion layer.
- the electrolyte membrane 20 may have any structure as long as it has proton conductivity.
- examples of the electrolyte membrane 20 include a fluorine-based polymer electrolyte membrane and a hydrocarbon-based electrolyte membrane.
- the electrolyte membrane 20 for example, Nafion (registered trademark, manufactured by DuPont), Aciplex (registered trademark, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corporation) and the like can be used, but the electrolyte membrane 20 is not limited thereto.
- the anode catalyst layer is provided on one main surface of the electrolyte membrane 20.
- the anode catalyst layer contains, but is not limited to, carbon capable of supporting a catalyst metal (eg, platinum) in a dispersed state.
- the cathode catalyst layer is provided on the other main surface of the electrolyte membrane 20.
- the cathode catalyst layer contains, but is not limited to, carbon capable of supporting a catalyst metal (eg, platinum) in a dispersed state.
- the method for preparing the catalyst for both the cathode catalyst layer and the anode catalyst layer various methods can be mentioned, but the method is not particularly limited.
- examples of the carbon-based powder include powders such as graphite, carbon black, and conductive activated carbon.
- the method of supporting platinum or other catalytic metal on the carbon carrier is not particularly limited.
- a method such as powder mixing or liquid phase mixing may be used.
- Examples of the latter liquid phase mixing include a method in which a carrier such as carbon is dispersed in a colloidal solution of a catalyst component and adsorbed.
- the supported state of the catalyst metal such as platinum on the carbon carrier is not particularly limited.
- the catalyst metal may be made into fine particles and supported on a carrier with high dispersion.
- the cathode gas diffusion layer is provided on the cathode catalyst layer.
- the cathode gas diffusion layer is made of a porous material and has conductivity and gas diffusivity. It is desirable that the cathode gas diffusion layer has elasticity so as to appropriately follow the displacement and deformation of the constituent members generated by the differential pressure between the cathode CA and the anode AN during the operation of the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100.
- As the base material of the cathode gas diffusion layer for example, a carbon fiber sintered body or the like can be used, but the substrate is not limited thereto.
- the anode gas diffusion layer is provided on the anode catalyst layer.
- the anode gas diffusion layer is made of a porous material and has conductivity and gas diffusivity. It is desirable that the anode gas diffusion layer has a rigidity sufficient to withstand the pressing of the electrolyte membrane 20 by the above differential pressure during the operation of the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100.
- a carbon particle sintered body or the like can be used, but the substrate is not limited thereto.
- the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100 includes a voltage adapter 21.
- the voltage applyer 21 is a device that applies a voltage between the anode AN and the cathode CA.
- the voltage applicator 21 may have any configuration as long as a voltage can be applied between the anode AN and the cathode CA.
- the high potential side terminal of the voltage applyer 21 is connected to the anode AN
- the low potential side terminal of the voltage applyer 21 is connected to the cathode CA.
- Examples of the voltage applyer 21 include a DC / DC converter and an AC / DC converter.
- the DC / DC converter is used when the voltage applyer 21 is connected to a DC power source such as a solar cell, a fuel cell, or a battery.
- the AC / DC converter is used when the voltage applyer 21 is connected to an AC power source such as a commercial power source. Further, in the voltage applyr 21, for example, the voltage applied between the anode AN and the cathode CA and the current flowing between the anode AN and the cathode CA are adjusted so that the electric power supplied to the cell becomes a predetermined set value. It may be an electric power supply.
- the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100 is energized between the anode AN and the cathode CA by using the voltage applyer 21. That is, in the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100, the voltage applyer 21 applies a voltage between the anode AN and the cathode CA to move hydrogen in the hydrogen-containing gas supplied to the anode AN to the cathode CA. And it is a device that compresses. As a result, high-pressure hydrogen is generated at the cathode CA of the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100.
- the hydrogen-containing gas may be, for example, a hydrogen gas generated by electrolysis of water or a reformed gas generated by a reforming reaction of a hydrocarbon gas.
- each of the pair of separators may sandwich each of the anode AN and the cathode CA from the outside.
- the separator in contact with the anode AN is a conductive plate-shaped member for supplying the hydrogen-containing gas to the anode AN.
- This plate-shaped member includes a serpentine-shaped gas flow path through which hydrogen-containing gas supplied to the anode AN flows.
- the separator in contact with the cathode CA is a conductive plate-shaped member for deriving hydrogen from the cathode CA.
- This plate-shaped member includes a gas flow path through which hydrogen derived from the cathode CA flows.
- sealing materials such as gaskets are usually provided from both sides of the cell so that high-pressure hydrogen does not leak to the outside, and the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100 is integrated with the cell and assembled in advance. Then, on the outside of this cell, the above-mentioned separator for mechanically fixing the cell and electrically connecting adjacent cells to each other in series is arranged.
- Cells and separators are alternately stacked, about 10 to 200 cells are stacked, the stack is sandwiched between end plates via a current collector plate and an insulating plate, and both end plates are tightened with fastening rods.
- a groove-shaped branch path is branched from an appropriate conduit in each of the separators, and the downstream ends thereof are the separators. It is necessary to configure it so as to be connected to each gas flow path of.
- Such a pipeline is called a manifold, and the manifold is composed of, for example, a series of through holes provided at appropriate positions of the members constituting the stack.
- the hydrogen system 200 is provided with a temperature detector for detecting the cell temperature, a temperature regulator for adjusting the cell temperature, a dew point regulator for adjusting the dew point of the hydrogen-containing gas supplied to the anode AN, and the like. You may.
- the first flow path 1 is a flow path through which the hydrogen-containing gas discharged from the anode AN of the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100 flows.
- the first flow path 1 may communicate with, for example, a manifold for deriving a hydrogen-containing gas.
- the second flow path 2 is a flow path for supplying the cathode off gas discharged from the cathode CA of the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100 to the anode AN of the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100.
- the second flow path 2 may have any configuration as long as it is a flow path for supplying the cathode off gas discharged from the cathode CA of the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100 to the anode AN of the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100. .. It should be noted that such a cathode off gas contains high-pressure hydrogen generated by the cathode CA.
- the upstream end of the second flow path 2 may be connected to any location as long as it communicates with the cathode CA of the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100.
- downstream end of the second flow path 2 may be connected to any location as long as it communicates with the anode AN of the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100.
- the on-off valve 5 is a valve provided in the second flow path 2.
- the on-off valve 5 may have any configuration as long as the second flow path 2 can be opened and closed.
- an electromagnetic valve or the like can be used, but the on-off valve 5 is not limited to this.
- the controller 50 opens the on-off valve 5 when normally stopped.
- the controller 50 may control the overall operation of the hydrogen system 200.
- the "normal stop” is a stop different from the stop caused by the occurrence of an abnormality such as flooding of the gas flow path (abnormal stop).
- a stop due to the completion of hydrogen supply from the cathode CA of the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100 to the hydrogen demand body in other words, a stop due to the satisfaction of the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen demand body is exemplified.
- Satisfying the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen demander means, for example, filling the hydrogen tank with hydrogen. Further, when the hydrogen system 200 is normally stopped, the operation of the hydrogen system 200 may be stopped.
- the voltage application between the anode AN and the cathode CA in the voltage applyer 21 may be stopped, or the supply of the hydrogen-containing gas from the hydrogen-containing gas supply source to the anode AN may be stopped.
- the hydrogen-containing gas supply source include a reformer, a water electrolyzer, a hydrogen tank, and a hydrogen infrastructure.
- the controller 50 includes, for example, an arithmetic circuit (not shown) and a storage circuit (not shown) for storing a control program.
- Examples of the arithmetic circuit include an MPU and a CPU.
- Examples of the storage circuit include a memory and the like.
- the controller 50 may be composed of a single controller that performs centralized control, or may be composed of a plurality of controllers that perform distributed control in cooperation with each other.
- the following operations may be performed, for example, by the arithmetic circuit of the controller 50 reading a control program from the storage circuit of the controller 50. However, it is not always essential that the controller 50 performs the following operations. The operator may perform some of the operations.
- low-pressure and high-humidity hydrogen-containing gas is supplied to the anode AN of the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100, and the voltage of the voltage adapter 21 is supplied to the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100.
- the anode catalyst layer of the anode AN hydrogen molecules are separated into protons and electrons (Equation (1)). Protons conduct in the electrolyte membrane 20 and move to the cathode catalyst layer. Electrons move to the cathode catalyst layer through the voltage applyer 21. At this time, the on-off valve 5 is closed.
- Equation (2) hydrogen molecules are generated again in the cathode catalyst layer (Equation (2)). It is known that when protons conduct through the electrolyte membrane 20, a predetermined amount of water moves from the anode AN to the cathode CA as electroosmotic water along with the protons.
- the third flow path 3 is used.
- Hydrogen (H 2 ) generated by the cathode CA can be compressed by increasing the pressure loss of the third flow path 3 by using a back pressure valve, a regulating valve (not shown), or the like provided.
- increasing the pressure loss of the third flow path 3 corresponds to reducing the opening degree of the back pressure valve and the adjusting valve provided in the third flow path 3.
- the hydrogen system 200 is normally shut down.
- the voltage application between the anode AN and the cathode CA of the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100 may be stopped, or the supply of the hydrogen-containing gas from the hydrogen-containing gas supply source to the anode AN may be stopped. good.
- the operation of compressing hydrogen at the cathode CA is stopped.
- the cathode CA side has a high pressure and low humidity of about 40 MPa (for example,). Hydrogen has a relative humidity of about 300 ppm at about 50 ° C.). Further, on the anode AN side, there is a hydrogen-containing gas having a low pressure of about 0.1 MPa and a high humidity (for example, about 50 ° C. and a relative humidity of about 12%).
- the on-off valve 5 is opened when the above hydrogen compression operation is normally stopped. Then, the operation of supplying the high-pressure hydrogen compressed by the cathode CA as the cathode off gas to the anode AN via the second flow path 2 is performed. At this time, the operation of discharging the cathode off gas supplied to the anode AN through the first flow path 1 through which the hydrogen-containing gas discharged from the anode AN flows is performed.
- the operation method of the hydrogen system 200 and the hydrogen system 200 of the present embodiment can reduce the possibility of flooding at the anode AN as compared with the conventional case.
- the high humidity existing in the anode AN is obtained by opening the on-off valve 5 provided in the second flow path 2 at the time of normal stop.
- the hydrogen-containing gas can be replaced with a low-humidity cathode-off gas supplied from the cathode CA.
- the operation method of the hydrogen system 200 and the hydrogen system 200 of the present embodiment can suppress a decrease in the strength of the electrolyte membrane 20 due to creep as compared with the conventional case.
- the on-off valve 5 provided in the second flow path 2 is opened at the time of normal stop, thereby between the anode AN and the cathode CA. Since the differential pressure is rapidly reduced, the creep of the electrolyte membrane 20 makes it difficult for the electrolyte membrane 20 to be thinned. Thereby, the operation method of the hydrogen system 200 and the hydrogen system 200 of the present embodiment can appropriately maintain the strength of the electrolyte membrane 20.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a hydrogen system according to an embodiment of the first embodiment.
- the hydrogen system 200 includes an electrochemical hydrogen pump 100, a first flow path 1, a second flow path 2A, a third flow path 3, a fourth flow path 4, and an on-off valve 5. And a controller 50.
- the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100, the first flow path 1, the on-off valve 5, and the controller 50 are the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.
- the third flow path 3 is a flow path through which the cathode off gas discharged from the cathode CA of the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100 flows.
- the third flow path 3 may communicate with, for example, a cathode off gas lead-out manifold.
- the hydrogen system 200 may be configured to supply high-pressure hydrogen generated by the cathode CA to a hydrogen reservoir (not shown) through the third flow path 3.
- a hydrogen reservoir for example, a hydrogen tank capable of filling hydrogen of about several tens of MPa can be mentioned.
- the second flow path 2A extends so as to branch from the third flow path 3. Other examples of the connection points between the two will be described with reference to the first modification.
- the fourth flow path 4 is a flow path through which the hydrogen-containing gas supplied to the anode AN of the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100 flows.
- the fourth flow path 4 may communicate with, for example, a manifold for introducing a hydrogen-containing gas. Further, the upstream end of the fourth flow path 4 may be connected to, for example, a hydrogen-containing gas supply source.
- the second flow path 2A is extended so as to join the fourth flow path 4. Other examples of the connection points between the two will be described with reference to the second modification.
- the cathode off gas is discharged from the cathode CA. Locations can be aggregated.
- the height existing in the fourth flow path 4 on the downstream side of the confluence of both is high.
- the humidity hydrogen-containing gas can be replaced with a low humidity cathode off gas supplied from the cathode CA. As a result, in the hydrogen system 200 of the present embodiment, flooding of the fourth flow path 4 is less likely to occur.
- the action and effect of the hydrogen system 200 of this embodiment is the same as that of the hydrogen system 200 of the first embodiment except for the above action and effect.
- the hydrogen system 200 of this embodiment may be the same as the hydrogen system 200 of the first embodiment except for the above-mentioned features.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a hydrogen system according to a first modification of the first embodiment.
- the hydrogen system 200 includes an electrochemical hydrogen pump 100, a first flow path 1, a second flow path 2B, a third flow path 3, a fourth flow path 4, and an on-off valve 5. And a controller 50.
- the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100, the first flow path 1, the third flow path 3, the fourth flow path 4, the on-off valve 5, and the controller 50 are the same as those in the first embodiment. Omit.
- the second flow path 2B is a flow path for supplying the cathode off gas discharged from the cathode CA of the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100 to the anode AN of the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100.
- the second flow path 2B communicates with the cathode CA at a position different from the upstream end of the third flow path 3 and extends so as to merge with the fourth flow path 4.
- the effects exerted by the hydrogen system 200 of the present modification are the hydrogen system 200 of the embodiment of the first embodiment, except for the effects exerted by the configuration in which the second flow path 2A branches from the third flow path 3. Is similar to.
- the hydrogen system 200 of this modification may be the same as the hydrogen system 200 of the first embodiment or the first embodiment except for the above-mentioned features.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a hydrogen system of a second modification of the first embodiment.
- the hydrogen system 200 includes an electrochemical hydrogen pump 100, a first flow path 1, a second flow path 2C, a third flow path 3, a fourth flow path 4, and an on-off valve 5. And a controller 50.
- the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100, the first flow path 1, the third flow path 3, the fourth flow path 4, the on-off valve 5, and the controller 50 are the same as those in the first embodiment. Omit.
- the second flow path 2C is a flow path for supplying the cathode off gas discharged from the cathode CA of the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100 to the anode AN of the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100.
- the second flow path 2C branches from the third flow path 3 and extends so as to communicate with the anode AN at a position different from the downstream end of the fourth flow path 4.
- the hydrogen system 200 of the first embodiment has the same effects as the hydrogen system 200 of the first embodiment, except for the effects exhibited by the configuration in which the second flow path 2A joins the fourth flow path 4. Is similar to.
- the hydrogen system 200 of this modification may be the same as the hydrogen system 200 of any one of the first embodiment, the first embodiment, and the first modification, except for the above-mentioned features. good.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the hydrogen system of the second embodiment.
- the hydrogen system 200 includes an electrochemical hydrogen pump 100, a first flow path 1, a second flow path 2A, a third flow path 3, a fourth flow path 4, and a check valve 5.
- a first check valve 7 and a controller 50 are provided.
- the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100, the first flow path 1, the second flow path 2A, the third flow path 3, the fourth flow path 4, the on-off valve 5, and the controller 50 are the same as those of the first embodiment. Since it is the same, the description thereof will be omitted.
- the first check valve 7 is provided in the third flow path 3 downstream of the branching point in the second flow path 2A, and is opposite to the direction of the flow of the cathode off gas discharged from the cathode CA of the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100. A valve that prevents directional flow.
- the hydrogen system 200 of the present embodiment by providing the first check valve 7 in the third flow path 3, even if the on-off valve 5 provided in the second flow path 2A is opened at the time of normal stop. , The amount of gas supplied from the cathode CA to the anode AN can be limited to an appropriate amount.
- the first check valve 7 is connected to the third flow path 3.
- hydrogen in the hydrogen reservoir passes through these flow paths in the order of the third flow path 3 and the second flow path 2A.
- the hydrogen system 200 of the present embodiment may move to the AN, but such a possibility can be reduced by providing the first check valve 7 in the third flow path 3. As a result, a decrease in efficiency of the hydrogen compression operation of the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100 is suppressed.
- the hydrogen system 200 of the present embodiment can alleviate the above-mentioned inconvenience by using the first check valve 7 having a simple structure.
- the hydrogen system 200 of the present embodiment is different from the hydrogen system 200 of any one of the first embodiment, the first embodiment, and the first modification-the second modification of the first embodiment, except for the above-mentioned features. It may be similar.
- the hydrogen system 200 of the first modification (FIG. 3) of the first embodiment also has the same effect as described above. That is, when high-pressure hydrogen generated by the cathode CA of the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100 is supplied to the hydrogen reservoir through the third flow path 3, the first check valve must be provided in the third flow path 3.
- the hydrogen system 200 of the present embodiment can reduce such a possibility by providing the first check valve in the third flow path 3.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the hydrogen system of the third embodiment.
- the hydrogen system 200 includes an electrochemical hydrogen pump 100, a first flow path 1, a second flow path 2A, a third flow path 3, a fourth flow path 4, and a check valve 5.
- a second check valve 8 and a controller 50 are provided.
- the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100, the first flow path 1, the second flow path 2A, the third flow path 3, the fourth flow path 4, the on-off valve 5, and the controller 50 are the same as those of the first embodiment. Since it is the same, the description thereof will be omitted.
- the second check valve 8 is provided in the fourth flow path 4 upstream of the point where the second flow path 2A joins, and the direction of the flow of the hydrogen-containing gas supplied to the anode AN of the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100. A valve that prevents reverse flow.
- the hydrogen system 200 of the present embodiment by providing the second check valve 8 in the fourth flow path 4, even if the on-off valve 5 provided in the second flow path 2A is opened at the time of normal stop. , The high-pressure cathode off gas supplied from the cathode CA to the anode AN can be suppressed from flowing into the low-pressure anode gas supply system. As a result, the hydrogen system 200 of the present embodiment reduces damage to low-voltage equipment provided in the anode gas supply system, as compared with the case where the second check valve 8 is not provided in the fourth flow path 4. be able to.
- the anode gas supply system means a hydrogen-containing gas supply source such as a reformer, a water electrolyzer, or a hydrogen tank, excluding the anode gas supply line.
- the above-mentioned inconvenience can be alleviated by using the second check valve 8 having a simple structure.
- the hydrogen system 200 of the present embodiment is any one of the first embodiment, the first embodiment, the first modification-the second modification and the second embodiment of the first embodiment, except for the above-mentioned features. It may be the same as the hydrogen system 200 of.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the hydrogen system of the fourth embodiment.
- the hydrogen system 200 includes an electrochemical hydrogen pump 100, a first flow path 1, a second flow path 2A, a third flow path 3, a fourth flow path 4, and an on-off valve 5.
- a pressure reducing valve 9 and a controller 50 are provided.
- the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100, the first flow path 1, the second flow path 2A, the third flow path 3, the fourth flow path 4, the on-off valve 5, and the controller 50 are the same as those of the first embodiment. Since it is the same, the description thereof will be omitted.
- the pressure reducing valve 9 is provided in the second flow path 2A downstream of the on-off valve 5 and is a valve for reducing the pressure of the cathode off gas flowing through the second flow path 2A.
- the hydrogen system 200 of the present embodiment even if the on-off valve 5 provided in the second flow path 2A is opened at the time of normal stop, the hydrogen system 200 is supplied to the anode AN by the pressure reducing valve 9 via the second flow path 2A.
- the pressure of the cathode off gas to be produced can be reduced. This makes it possible to reduce the possibility of damage to the member used for the anode AN of the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100.
- the number of pressure reducing valves 9 is not limited to one.
- by providing two or more pressure reducing valves in the second flow path 2A it becomes easy to adjust the pressure of the cathode off gas flowing through the second flow path 2A to a desired value.
- the hydrogen system 200 of the present embodiment has the first embodiment, the first embodiment, the first modification-the second modification, the second embodiment and the third embodiment, except for the above-mentioned features. It may be similar to any hydrogen system 200 of the embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of the hydrogen system of the fifth embodiment.
- the hydrogen system 200 includes an electrochemical hydrogen pump 100, a first flow path 1, a second flow path 2A, a third flow path 3, a fourth flow path 4, and a check valve 5.
- a pressure reducing valve 9, a third check valve 10, and a controller 50 are provided.
- the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100, the first flow path 1, the second flow path 2A, the third flow path 3, the fourth flow path 4, the on-off valve 5, and the controller 50 are the same as those of the first embodiment. Since it is the same, the description thereof will be omitted. Further, since the pressure reducing valve 9 is the same as that of the fourth embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted.
- the third check valve 10 is provided in the second flow path 2A downstream of the pressure reducing valve 9 and is a valve that prevents the flow of the cathode off gas flowing in the second flow path 2A in the direction opposite to the direction of the flow.
- the hydrogen system 200 of the present embodiment has the first embodiment, the first embodiment, the first modification-the second modification, the second embodiment, and the third embodiment, except for the above-mentioned features. It may be similar to the hydrogen system 200 of any of the embodiments and the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of the hydrogen system of the sixth embodiment.
- the hydrogen system 200 includes an electrochemical hydrogen pump 100, a first flow path 1, a second flow rate 2A, a third flow rate 3, a fourth flow rate 4, and a check valve 5.
- a pressure reducing valve 9, a third check valve 10, a flow rate controller 11, and a controller 50 are provided.
- the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100, the first flow path 1, the second flow path 2A, the third flow path 3, the fourth flow path 4, the on-off valve 5, and the controller 50 are the same as those of the first embodiment. Since it is the same, the description thereof will be omitted. Further, since the pressure reducing valve 9 and the third check valve 10 are the same as those of the fourth embodiment and the fifth embodiment, respectively, the description thereof will be omitted.
- the flow rate regulator 11 is a device provided in the second flow path 2A between the pressure reducing valve 9 and the third check valve 10 and adjusts the flow rate of the cathode off gas flowing through the second flow path 2A.
- the flow rate controller 11 may have any configuration as long as the flow rate of the cathode off gas flowing through the second flow path 2A can be adjusted. Examples of the flow rate controller 11 include a mass flow controller and the like.
- the hydrogen system 200 of the present embodiment even if the on-off valve 5 provided in the second flow path 2A is opened during normal stop, the flow rate of the cathode off gas flowing through the second flow path 2A by the flow rate controller 11 Can be limited to the desired flow rate. Then, the hydrogen system 200 of the present embodiment can stably supply the cathode off gas from the cathode CA to the anode AN through the second flow path 2A by reducing the flow rate of the cathode off gas. Further, in the hydrogen system 200 of the present embodiment, by reducing the flow rate of the cathode off gas, the time for low humidity hydrogen to pass through the anode AN can be lengthened. As a result, in the hydrogen system 200 of the present embodiment, flooding of the anode gas flow path is less likely to occur.
- the hydrogen system 200 of the present embodiment has the first embodiment, the first embodiment, the first modification-the second modification, the second embodiment, and the third embodiment, except for the above-mentioned features. It may be the same as the hydrogen system 200 of any one of the embodiment, the fourth embodiment and the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of the hydrogen system of the seventh embodiment.
- the hydrogen system 200 includes an electrochemical hydrogen pump 100, a first flow path 1A, a second flow path 2A, a third flow path 3, a fourth flow path 4, and a check valve 5.
- a second check valve 8 and a controller 50 are provided.
- the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100, the second flow path 2A, the third flow path 3, the fourth flow path 4, the on-off valve 5, and the controller 50 are the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof will be omitted. Further, since the second check valve 8 is the same as that of the third embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted.
- the first flow path 1A is a flow path through which the hydrogen-containing gas discharged from the anode AN of the electrochemical hydrogen pump 100 flows.
- the first flow path 1A may communicate with, for example, a manifold for deriving a hydrogen-containing gas.
- the first flow path 1A extends so as to merge with the fourth flow path 4 downstream of the second check valve 8.
- the hydrogen system 200 may be configured to provide an on-off valve (not shown) in the first flow path 1A.
- the hydrogen system 200 of the present embodiment reduces damage to low-voltage equipment provided in the anode gas supply system, as compared with the case where the second check valve 8 is not provided in the fourth flow path 4. be able to.
- the hydrogen system 200 of the present embodiment has the first embodiment, the first embodiment, the first modification-the second modification, the second embodiment, and the third embodiment, except for the above-mentioned features. It may be the same as the hydrogen system 200 of any one of the embodiment, the fourth embodiment, the fifth embodiment and the sixth embodiment.
- the first embodiment, the first embodiment, the first modification of the first embodiment-the second modification, the second embodiment, the third embodiment, the fourth embodiment, the fifth embodiment, The sixth embodiment and the seventh embodiment may be combined with each other as long as the other party is not excluded from each other.
- One aspect of the present disclosure can be used for hydrogen systems and methods of operating hydrogen systems that can reduce the possibility of flooding at the anode.
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Abstract
Description
以下の実施形態では、上記の圧縮機の一例である電気化学式水素ポンプを備える水素システムの構成および動作について説明する。
図1は、第1実施形態の水素システムの一例を示す図である。
以下、水素システム200の水素圧縮動作の一例について、図面を参照しながら説明する。
カソード:2H++2e-→H2(高圧) ・・・(2)
このようにして、水素システム200において、電気化学式水素ポンプ100のアノードANおよびカソードCA間に電圧を印加することで、アノードANに供給される水素含有ガス中の水素を、電解質膜20を介してカソードCAに移動させ、かつ圧縮する動作が行われる。カソードCAで生成された高圧の水素は、適時に、水素需要体に供給される。水素需要体として、例えば、水素貯蔵器、水素を用いて発電する燃料電池などを挙げることができる。水素貯蔵器として、例えば、水素タンクを挙げることができる。
図2は、第1実施形態の実施例の水素システムの一例を示す図である。
図3は、第1実施形態の第1変形例の水素システムの一例を示す図である。
図4は、第1実施形態の第2変形例の水素システムの一例を示す図である。
図5は、第2実施形態の水素システムの一例を示す図である。
図6は、第3実施形態の水素システムの一例を示す図である。
図7は、第4実施形態の水素システムの一例を示す図である。
図8は、第5実施形態の水素システムの一例を示す図である。
図9は、第6実施形態の水素システムの一例を示す図である。
図10は、第7実施形態の水素システムの一例を示す図である。
1A :第1流路
2 :第2流路
2A :第2流路
2B :第2流路
2C :第2流路
3 :第3流路
4 :第4流路
5 :開閉弁
7 :第1逆止弁
8 :第2逆止弁
9 :減圧弁
10 :第3逆止弁
11 :流量調節器
20 :電解質膜
21 :電圧印加器
50 :制御器
100 :電気化学式水素ポンプ
200 :水素システム
AN :アノード
CA :カソード
Claims (10)
- アノードおよびカソード間に電圧を印加することで、アノードに供給される水素含有ガス中の水素を、電解質膜を介してカソードに移動させ、かつ圧縮する圧縮機と、
前記圧縮機のアノードから排出される水素含有ガスが流れる第1流路と、
前記圧縮機のカソードから排出されるカソードオフガスを前記圧縮機のアノードに供給するための第2流路と、
前記第2流路に設けられた開閉弁と、
通常停止時に、前記開閉弁を開放させる制御器と、
を備える、水素システム。 - 前記圧縮機のカソードから排出されるカソードオフガスが流れる第3流路を備え、
前記第2流路は、前記第3流路から分岐する、請求項1に記載の水素システム。 - 前記圧縮機のアノードに供給される水素含有ガスが流れる第4流路を備え、
前記第2流路は、前記第4流路に合流する、請求項1または2に記載の水素システム。 - 前記第2流路に分岐する箇所よりも下流の前記第3流路に、前記圧縮機のカソードから排出されるカソードオフガスの流れの向きと逆向きの流れを防止する第1逆止弁を備える、請求項2に記載の水素システム。
- 前記第2流路が合流する箇所よりも上流の前記第4流路に、前記圧縮機のアノードに供給される水素含有ガスの流れの向きと逆向きの流れを防止する第2逆止弁を備える、請求項3に記載の水素システム。
- 前記開閉弁よりも下流の前記第2流路に、前記第2流路を流れるカソードオフガスを減圧する減圧弁を備える、請求項1-5のいずれか1項に記載の水素システム。
- 前記減圧弁よりも下流の前記第2流路に、前記第2流路を流れるカソードオフガスの流れの向きと逆向きの流れを防止する第3逆止弁を備える、請求項6に記載の水素システム。
- 前記減圧弁から前記第3逆止弁までの間の前記第2流路に、前記第2流路を流れるカソードオフガスの流量を調整する流量調節器を備える、請求項7に記載の水素システム。
- 前記第1流路は、前記第2逆止弁よりも下流の前記第4流路と合流する、請求項5に記載の水素システム。
- アノードおよびカソード間に電圧を印加することで、アノードに供給される水素含有ガス中の水素を、電解質膜を介してカソードに移動させ、かつ圧縮するステップと、
前記水素を圧縮するステップの通常停止時に、前記カソードで圧縮されたカソードオフガスを前記アノードに供給するステップと、
前記アノードに供給されたカソードオフガスを、前記アノードから排出される水素含有ガスが流れる流路を介して排出させるステップと、を備える、水素システムの運転方法。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2021514449A JP6902707B1 (ja) | 2020-03-13 | 2020-12-09 | 水素システムおよび水素システムの運転方法 |
CN202080006345.1A CN113692458A (zh) | 2020-03-13 | 2020-12-09 | 氢气系统和氢气系统的运行方法 |
EP20908440.9A EP4123058A1 (en) | 2020-03-13 | 2020-12-09 | Hydrogen system and hydrogen system operation method |
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