WO2021179726A1 - 音圈和扬声器 - Google Patents

音圈和扬声器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021179726A1
WO2021179726A1 PCT/CN2020/137008 CN2020137008W WO2021179726A1 WO 2021179726 A1 WO2021179726 A1 WO 2021179726A1 CN 2020137008 W CN2020137008 W CN 2020137008W WO 2021179726 A1 WO2021179726 A1 WO 2021179726A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
voice coil
heat radiation
diaphragm
enhancement layer
nano
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PCT/CN2020/137008
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
翟成祥
孔洋洋
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歌尔股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2021179726A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021179726A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/12—Non-planar diaphragms or cones
    • H04R7/122—Non-planar diaphragms or cones comprising a plurality of sections or layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/12—Non-planar diaphragms or cones
    • H04R7/127—Non-planar diaphragms or cones dome-shaped
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H04R9/027—Air gaps using a magnetic fluid
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of sound emitting devices, in particular to a voice coil and a loudspeaker.
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a voice coil, which aims to improve the heat dissipation performance of a speaker with the voice coil.
  • the voice coil proposed by the present invention is used in a speaker, and has an inner side surface, an outer side surface, a top surface facing the diaphragm of the speaker, and a bottom surface facing away from the diaphragm. At least one of the side surface and the bottom surface is provided with a first heat radiation enhancement layer.
  • the thickness of the first heat radiation enhancement layer is less than or equal to 20 microns.
  • the thickness of the first heat radiation enhancement layer is greater than or equal to 3 microns.
  • the thickness of the first heat radiation enhancement layer is 5 microns.
  • the first heat radiation enhancement layer is a nano-carbon layer.
  • the nano-carbon layer is a nano-carbon particle layer.
  • the nano-carbon layer is a nano-carbon coating.
  • the present invention also provides a loudspeaker, including:
  • the vibration system includes a diaphragm and the aforementioned voice coil, the top surface of the voice coil is combined with the diaphragm, and the voice coil partially extends into the magnetic gap.
  • the top surface and the diaphragm are combined by a thermally conductive adhesive.
  • the magnetic circuit system includes a magnetic yoke, and a central magnet and side magnets arranged on the magnetic yoke, and the magnetic gap is formed between the central magnet and the side magnet;
  • the speaker It also includes a housing, one end of the housing is combined with the diaphragm, and the other end is combined with the side magnet; The surface of the diaphragm is exposed outside the housing.
  • the vibration system further includes a dome, the dome has a first side surface and a second side surface opposite to each other, the first side surface includes a middle area and a peripheral area surrounding the middle area, so The peripheral area is combined with the diaphragm, and the second side surface and/or the middle area is provided with a second heat radiation enhancement layer.
  • the inner side surface and/or the outer side surface and/or the bottom surface of the voice coil are additionally provided with a thermal first heat radiation enhancement layer, so as to enhance the heat radiation ability of the voice coil through the first heat radiation enhancement layer;
  • the heat of the ring can be radiated with higher efficiency through the first heat radiation enhancement layer, absorbed by the magnetic circuit system, and then radiated into the air through the outer surface of the magnetic circuit system, which improves the heat dissipation efficiency of the speaker and reduces the temperature rise of the speaker.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a loudspeaker of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged view of A in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a graph of the temperature rise comparison between the dome of the present invention and the ordinary dome.
  • Magnetic circuit system 11 Magnetic yoke 12 Center magnet 13 Side magnet 20 Vibration system twenty one Diaphragm twenty two Voice coil 220 First heat radiation enhancement layer 221 Inside 222 Outside 223 Top surface 224 Underside twenty three Ball top 231 Second heat radiation enhancement layer 30 shell 100 Magnetic gap
  • the directional indication is only used to explain that it is in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings). If the specific posture changes, the relative positional relationship, movement, etc. of the components below will also change the directional indication accordingly.
  • the present invention provides a voice coil and a speaker with the voice coil.
  • the speaker includes:
  • the magnetic circuit system 10 is provided with a magnetic gap 100;
  • the vibration system 20 includes a diaphragm 21 and a voice coil 22.
  • the voice coil 22 has an inner side surface 221, an outer side surface 222, a top surface 223 facing the diaphragm 21, and a bottom surface 224 facing away from the diaphragm 21.
  • the top surface of the voice coil 22 The surface 223 is combined with the diaphragm 21, and the voice coil 22 partially extends into the magnetic gap 100.
  • At least one of the inner side surface 221, the outer side surface 222, and the bottom surface 224 of the voice coil 22 is provided with a first heat radiation enhancement layer 220.
  • the voice coil 22 is the main heat source; the first heat radiation enhancement layer 220 generally has a higher thermal emissivity coefficient, which can enhance the heat radiation ability of the voice coil 22; in this way, the heat of the voice coil 22 can pass through
  • the first heat radiation enhancement layer 220 radiates with higher efficiency, is absorbed by the magnetic circuit system 10, and then radiates into the air through the outer surface of the magnetic circuit system 10, which improves the heat dissipation efficiency of the speaker and reduces the temperature rise of the speaker.
  • the inner side 221, the outer side 222, and the bottom surface 224 of the voice coil 22 are all provided with a first heat radiation enhancement layer 220 to maximize the heat radiation capability of the voice coil 22.
  • the first heat radiation enhancement layer 220 may be provided only on one or both of the inner side surface 221, the outer side surface 222, and the bottom surface 224 of the voice coil 22. In this way, the first heat radiation enhancement layer 220 can also be provided to a certain extent. The heat radiation capability of the voice coil 22 is enhanced.
  • the thickness of the first heat radiation enhancement layer 220 is less than or equal to 20 microns. It can be understood that if the first heat radiation enhancement layer 220 is too thick, more nano-carbon materials are required and the cost is higher.
  • the thickness of the first heat radiation enhancement layer 220 is greater than or equal to 3 microns. It can be understood that if the first heat radiation enhancement layer 220 is too thin, it will not be conducive to the spreading of the first heat radiation enhancement layer 220 on the inner side surface 221 and/or the outer side surface 222 and/or the bottom surface 224 of the voice coil 22. It is easy to occur that some locations are not covered by the first heat radiation enhancement layer 220, and thus, the improvement of the heat dissipation capacity of the voice coil 22 will be affected.
  • the thickness of the first heat radiation enhancement layer 220 is 5 micrometers, which is moderate in thickness, so as to take into account the low cost of the first heat radiation enhancement layer 220 and facilitate the full preparation.
  • the width of the magnetic gap 100 is usually not less than 400 microns, and the 5 micron first heat radiation enhancement layer 220 affects the movement of the voice coil 22 in the magnetic gap 100. The impact is basically negligible.
  • the first heat radiation enhancement layer 220 is a nano-carbon layer.
  • Nano-carbon has a high thermal radiation coefficient, which is about 0.98, while the thermal radiation coefficient of common voice coil 22-coated polyamide is about 0.4. It can be seen that nano-carbon can enhance the thermal radiation ability of voice coil 22; in addition, Nano-carbon is black, which is good for absorbing and emitting infrared light and heat radiation (especially, the working temperature of the speaker may reach 100 degrees Celsius, which belongs to infrared light and heat radiation); in this way, the heat of the voice coil 22 can pass through the nano-carbon layer for more The high-efficiency radiation is emitted, absorbed by the magnetic circuit system 10, and then radiated into the air through the outer surface of the magnetic circuit system 10, which improves the heat dissipation efficiency of the speaker and reduces the temperature rise of the speaker.
  • the heat radiation enhancing material used in the first heat radiation enhancing layer 220 is nano-carbon.
  • the present design is not limited to this.
  • the heat radiation enhancing material used in the first heat radiation enhancing layer 220 may also but not be limited to include graphene, carbon tube, boron nitride, silicon carbide, and aluminum nitride. It can be understood that graphene, carbon tube, boron nitride, silicon carbide, aluminum nitride and other materials also have a high thermal emissivity coefficient, which can increase the thermal radiation capacity of the voice coil 22, thereby facilitating The heat of the voice coil 22 is radiated.
  • the nano-carbon layer is a layer of nano-carbon particles to increase the heat radiation area of the nano-carbon, thereby facilitating further enhancement of the heat radiation ability of the voice coil 22.
  • the nano-carbon layer is a nano-carbon coating, that is, the nano-carbon layer is obtained by coating, which usually prepares a granular nano-carbon material into a coating liquid, and then coats the coating liquid to For the voice coil 22, after the solvent in the coating solution is evaporated, the solidified nano-carbon layer can be formed on the voice coil 22.
  • the coating method is simple, and the nano-carbon layer can be conveniently formed on the voice coil 22.
  • top surface 223 of the voice coil 22 and the diaphragm 21 are combined by a thermally conductive adhesive to enhance the heat transfer efficiency between the voice coil 22 and the diaphragm 21, so that the heat generated by the voice coil 22 can be quickly Transfer to the diaphragm 21, so that the heat of the voice coil 22 can not only radiate to the magnetic circuit system 10 through the first heat radiation enhancement layer 220, but also quickly transfer to the diaphragm 21, and radiate the heat into the air through the diaphragm 21 , Thereby further improving the heat dissipation effect of the speaker.
  • the voice coil 22 and the diaphragm 21 can also be combined by ordinary adhesive glue, but the thickness of the ordinary adhesive glue is small, for example, 10 micrometers ⁇ 30 micrometers, usually 20 micrometers, in this way, the heat transfer between the voice coil 22 and the diaphragm 21 can also be faster.
  • the magnetic circuit system 10 includes a magnetic yoke 11, and a central magnet 12 and a side magnet 13 arranged on the magnetic yoke 11, and the magnetic gap 100 is formed between the central magnet 12 and the side magnet 13.
  • the loudspeaker also includes a housing 30, one end of the housing 30 is combined with the diaphragm 21, and the other end is combined with the side magnet 13.
  • the surface of the side magnet 13 facing away from the center magnet 12 and the surface of the magnetic yoke 11 facing away from the diaphragm 21 are both exposed outside the housing 30; in this way, the magnetic circuit system 10 can have a greater contact with the air The contact surface can thereby dissipate the absorbed heat radiated by the first heat radiation enhancement layer 220 to the air more efficiently.
  • the vibration system 20 further includes a dome 23 combined with the diaphragm 21.
  • the dome 23 has a first side surface and a second side surface opposite to each other.
  • the first side surface includes a middle area and is ringed around the middle area
  • the peripheral area is combined with the diaphragm 21, and the second side surface and/or the middle area is provided with a second heat radiation enhancement layer 231.
  • the radiation direction of the second heat radiation enhancement layer 231 provided on the second side surface is toward the air, which can directly radiate heat into the air; the radiation of the second heat radiation enhancement layer 231 provided on the middle area The direction is away from the air and inward.
  • the position corresponding to the middle area on the diaphragm 21 is hollowed out, so the heat radiation enhancement layer 12 provided in the middle area can radiate heat through the hollowed out position on the diaphragm 21 To the magnetic circuit system 10, the heat is dissipated into the air through the outer surface of the magnetic circuit system 10.
  • the heat generated by the voice coil 22 is transferred to the diaphragm 21 and then transferred from the diaphragm 21 to the dome 23.
  • the heat radiation capacity of the dome 23 can be improved, thereby improving the heat dissipation capacity of the dome 23; After the heat is transferred to the dome 23 through the diaphragm 21, it can be radiated through the second heat radiation enhancement layer 231 of the dome 23 with a larger area, thereby further improving the heat dissipation effect of the speaker.
  • peripheral area and the diaphragm 21 are combined with a thermally conductive adhesive to enhance the heat transfer efficiency between the diaphragm 21 and the dome 23, so that the heat generated by the voice coil 22 can quickly pass through the vibration
  • the film 21 is transferred to the dome 23, so that the dome 23 can radiate heat through its second heat radiation enhancement layer 231, and improve the heat dissipation effect of the speaker.
  • the peripheral area and the diaphragm 21 can also be combined by a common adhesive, but the thickness of the common adhesive is small, for example, 10 microns. ⁇ 30 micrometers, usually 20 micrometers. In this way, heat can be transferred between the diaphragm 21 and the dome 23 relatively quickly.
  • the peripheral area and the diaphragm 212 are combined by at least one ring of ordinary adhesive glue, and at least one ring of thermally conductive glue is also provided between the peripheral area and the diaphragm 21 , In order to improve the heat transfer efficiency between the diaphragm 21 and the dome 23.
  • the thickness of the second heat radiation enhancement layer 231 is less than or equal to 20 microns. It can be understood that if the second heat radiation enhancement layer 231 is too thick, more heat radiation enhancement materials are required, the cost is higher, and the weight of the second heat radiation enhancement layer 231 is heavier, so The weight of the dome 23 increases too much, which affects the acoustic performance.
  • the thickness of the second heat radiation enhancement layer 231 is greater than or equal to 3 microns. It can be understood that if the second heat radiation enhancement layer 231 is too thin, it is not conducive to the spreading of the second heat radiation enhancement layer 231 on the second side surface and/or the middle area, and it is prone to have some defects. The phenomenon of being covered by the second heat radiation enhancement layer 231, in this way, will affect the improvement of the heat dissipation capacity of the dome 23.
  • the thickness of the second heat radiation enhancement layer 231 ranges from 3 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, and the thickness range is moderate, so as to take into account the low cost, low weight, and convenient spreading of the second heat radiation enhancement layer 231. Preparation; And, the thickness is small, so that the dome 23 of the present invention compared with the ordinary dome 23, there is no obvious increase in thickness and weight, so that the acoustic performance of the loudspeaker is basically unchanged.
  • the heat radiation enhancing material used in the second heat radiation enhancing layer 231 is one or more of nano-carbon, graphene, carbon tube, boron nitride, silicon carbide, and aluminum nitride. It can be understood that nano-carbon, graphene, carbon tube, boron nitride, silicon carbide, aluminum nitride and other materials have a high thermal emissivity, which can enhance the heat radiation ability of the dome 23, thereby improving the heat dissipation of the dome 23 Effect. Taking nano-carbon as the heat radiation enhancement material used as an example, the thermal emissivity of nano-carbon is about 0.98, while the thermal emissivity of common aluminum material is only 0.55.
  • nano-carbon material has a higher thermal emissivity;
  • nano-carbon is black, which is good for absorbing and emitting infrared light and heat radiation.
  • the working temperature of the speaker may reach 100 degrees Celsius, which belongs to infrared light and heat radiation.
  • the second heat radiation enhancement layer 231 is a granular layer to increase its heat dissipation surface area, thereby facilitating further enhancement of its heat radiation capability, thereby further improving the heat dissipation capability of the dome 23.
  • the second heat radiation enhancement layer 231 is obtained by coating, which is usually prepared by preparing a granular heat radiation enhancement material (such as nano carbon) into a coating liquid, and then The coating liquid is applied to the second side and/or the middle area, and after the solvent in the coating liquid is volatilized, a solidification can be formed on the second side and/or the middle area.
  • the second side surface and/or the middle area may be roughened first to form a micro concave-convex structure on it.
  • the gray temperature rise curve relates to the dome 23 provided with the nano-carbon particle layer of the present invention
  • the black temperature rise curve relates to an ordinary dome. From the comparison of the temperature rise curves in FIG. 3, it can be seen that, compared with the ordinary dome, the dome 23 of the present invention can reduce the temperature rise by about 3.6 degrees Celsius (average value), which shows that the dome 23 of the present invention is compared with Ordinary dome has better heat dissipation capacity.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开一种音圈和扬声器，其中，音圈具有内侧面、外侧面、面向所述扬声器的振膜的顶面、及背向所述振膜的底面，所述内侧面、外侧面和底面中的至少一者设有第一热辐射增强层。本发明的技术方案能提高扬声器的散热性能。

Description

音圈和扬声器 技术领域
本发明涉及发声装置技术领域，特别涉及一种音圈和扬声器。
背景技术
随着智能手机的飞速发展，手机的应用场景越来越宽泛，用户对手机各方面的要求越来越高。玩游戏，看大片，欣赏音乐，都需要高品质的音效。这就对扬声器的提出了更高的要求，响度要大，音质要好。高响度常常伴随着高功率，而扬声器自身声效率非常低，故而输入的功率绝大部分都成为了热量。但扬声器的各零部件的耐温是有限的，为了防止扬声器被高温烧坏，需要提高扬声器的散热性能。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的是提出一种音圈，旨在提高具有该音圈的扬声器的散热性能。
为实现上述目的，本发明提出的音圈用于扬声器，并具有内侧面、外侧面、面向所述扬声器的振膜的顶面、及背向所述振膜的底面，所述内侧面、外侧面和底面中的至少一者设有第一热辐射增强层。
可选地，所述第一热辐射增强层的厚度小于或等于20微米。
可选地，所述第一热辐射增强层的厚度大于或等于3微米。
可选地，所述第一热辐射增强层的厚度为5微米。
可选地，所述第一热辐射增强层为纳米碳层。
可选地，所述纳米碳层为纳米碳颗粒层。
可选地，所述纳米碳层为纳米碳涂层。
本发明还提出一种扬声器，包括：
磁路系统，设有磁间隙；以及
振动系统，包括振膜、及前述的音圈，所述音圈的顶面与所述振膜结合，所述音圈部分伸入所述磁间隙。
可选地，所述顶面与所述振膜之间通过导热粘接胶结合。
可选地，所述磁路系统包括导磁轭、及设在所述导磁轭上的中心磁体和边磁体，所述中心磁体与所述边磁体之间形成所述磁间隙；所述扬声器还包括外壳，所述外壳的一端与所述振膜结合，另一端与所述边磁体结合；所述边磁体的背向所述中心磁体的表面、及所述导磁轭的背向所述振膜的表面均显露于所述外壳外。
可选地，所述振动系统还包括球顶，所述球顶具有相对的第一侧面和第二侧面，所述第一侧面包括中间区域、及环设于所述中间区域的外围区域，所述外围区域与所述振膜结合，所述第二侧面及/或所述中间区域设有第二热辐射增强层。
本发明的技术方案中，音圈的内侧面和/或外侧面和/或底面增设有热第一热辐射增强层，以通过第一热辐射增强层增强音圈的热辐射能力；如此，音圈的热量能经过第一热辐射增强层以更高的效率辐射出来，被磁路系统吸收，再通过磁路系统的外表面辐射到空气中，提高扬声器的散热效率，降低扬声器的温升。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图示出的结构获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明扬声器一实施例的结构示意图；
图2为图1中A处的放大图；
图3为本发明球顶与普通球顶的温升对比曲线图。
附图标号说明：
标号 名称 标号 名称
10 磁路系统 11 导磁轭
12 中心磁体 13 边磁体
20 振动系统 21 振膜
22 音圈 220 第一热辐射增强层
221 内侧面 222 外侧面
223 顶面 224 底面
23 球顶 231 第二热辐射增强层
30 外壳 100 磁间隙
本发明目的的实现、功能特点及优点将结合实施例，参照附图做进一步说明。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明，若本发明实施例中有涉及方向性指示(诸如上、下、左、右、前、后……)，则该方向性指示仅用于解释在某一特定姿态(如附图所示)下各部件之间的相对位置关系、运动情况等，如果该特定姿态发生改变时，则该方向性指示也相应地随之改变。
另外，若本发明实施例中有涉及“第一”、“第二”等的描述，则该“第一”、“第二”等的描述仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示其相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。另外，全文中出现的“和/或”的含义，包括三个并列的方案，以“A和/或B”为例，包括A方案、或B方案、或A和B同时满足的方案。另外，各个实施例之间的技术方案可以相互结合，但是必须是以本领域普通技术人员能够实现为基础，当技术方案的结合出现相互矛盾或无法实现时应当认为这种技术方案的结合不存在，也不在本发明要求的保护范围之内。
本发明提出一种音圈、以及一种具有该音圈的扬声器。
参照图1和图2，在本发明一实施例中，该扬声器包括：
磁路系统10，设有磁间隙100；以及
振动系统20，包括振膜21和音圈22，该音圈22具有内侧面221、外侧面222、面向振膜21的顶面223、及背向振膜21的底面224，该音圈22的顶面223与振膜21结合，且音圈22部分伸入所述磁间隙100。
本发明中，音圈22的内侧面221、外侧面222和底面224中的至少一者设有第一热辐射增强层220。可以理解，在扬声器中，音圈22是主要的热源；第一热辐射增强层220通常具有较高的热辐射系数，能增强音圈22的热辐射能力；如此，音圈22的热量能经过第一热辐射增强层220以更高的效率辐射出来，被磁路系统10吸收，再通过磁路系统10的外表面辐射到空气中，提高扬声器的散热效率，降低扬声器的温升。
需要说明的是，本实施例中，音圈22的内侧面221、外侧面222和底面224均设有第一热辐射增强层220，以最大限度增强音圈22的热辐射能力。当然，于其他实施例中，也可仅在音圈22的内侧面221、外侧面222和底面224中的一者或两者上设置第一热辐射增强层220，如此，亦能一定程度上增强音圈22的热辐射能力。
进一步地，第一热辐射增强层220的厚度小于或等于20微米。可以理解，若所述第一热辐射增强层220的过厚，则所需的纳米碳材料较多，成本较高。
进一步地，第一热辐射增强层220的厚度大于或等于3微米。可以理解，若所述第一热辐射增强层220的过薄，则不利于第一热辐射增强层220在音圈22内侧面221和/或外侧面222和/或底面224上的满布，容易出现一些位置未被所述第一热辐射增强层220所覆盖的现象，如此，会导致音圈22散热能力的提高受到影响。
进一步地，所述第一热辐射增强层220的厚度为5微米，该厚度适中，以兼顾所述第一热辐射增强层220的低成本和便于满布制备。另外，需要说明的是，在磁路系统10中，所述磁间隙100的宽度通常不小于400微米，5微米的第一热辐射增强层220对音圈22在所述磁间隙100中的运动影响基本可以忽略。
进一步地，所述第一热辐射增强层220为纳米碳层。纳米碳具有较高的热辐射系数，热辐射系数为0.98左右，而常见的音圈22涂层聚酰胺的热辐射系数为0.4左右，可见纳米碳能增强音圈22的热辐射能力；另外，纳米碳是黑色的，有利于吸收和发射红外光热辐射(特别地，扬声器的工作温度可能会达到100摄氏度，属于红外光热辐射)；如此，音圈22的热量能经过纳米碳层以更高的效率辐射出来，被磁路系统10吸收，再通过磁路系统10的外表面辐射到空气中，提高扬声器的散热效率，降低扬声器的温升。
需要说明的是，本实施例中，第一热辐射增强层220所采用的热辐射增强材质为纳米碳。然本设计不限于此，于其他实施例中，第一热辐射增强层220所采用的热辐射增强材质还可但不限于包括石墨烯、碳管、氮化硼、碳化硅、氮化铝中的一种或多种；可以理解，石墨烯、碳管、氮化硼、碳化硅、氮化铝等材质也均具有较高的热辐射系数，能增音圈22的热辐射能力，从而便于音圈22的热量散发。
进一步地，纳米碳层为纳米碳颗粒层，以增大纳米碳的热辐射面积，从而有利于音圈22热辐射能力的进一步增强。
进一步地，纳米碳层为纳米碳涂层，也即纳米碳层是通过涂布的方式得到的，其通常是将颗粒状的纳米碳材料制备成涂布液，再将涂布液涂布至音圈22，待将涂布液中的溶剂挥发掉之后，能在音圈22上形成固化的所述纳米碳层。涂布的方式简单，可方便地在音圈22上成型所述纳米碳层。
进一步地，音圈22的顶面223与振膜21之间通过导热粘接胶结合，以增强音圈22与振膜21之间的热传递效率，使得音圈22所产生的热量能快速地传递到振膜21，如此，音圈22的热量不仅能通过第一热辐射增强层220向磁路系统10辐射，还能快速传递到振膜21，并通过振膜21将热量散发到空气中，从而进一步提高扬声器的散热效果。
然本设计不限于此，于其他一些实施例中，音圈22与振膜21之间还可通过普通的粘接胶结合，但该普通的粘接胶的厚度较小，例如为10微米～30微米，通常为20微米，如此，音圈22与振膜21之间也能较快地传热。
进一步地，磁路系统10包括导磁轭11、及设在导磁轭11上的中心磁体12和边磁体13，中心磁体12与边磁体13之间形成所述磁间隙100。扬声器还包括外壳30，该外壳30的一端与振膜21结合，另一端与边磁体13结合。 本实施例中，边磁体13的背向中心磁体12的表面、及导磁轭11的背向振膜21的表面均显露于外壳30外；如此，磁路系统10能有较大的与空气接触的表面，从而能将所吸收的所述第一热辐射增强层220所辐射过来的热量更高效地散发到空气中。
进一步地，振动系统20还包括与振膜21结合的球顶23，该球顶23具有相对的第一侧面和第二侧面，所述第一侧面包括中间区域、及环设于所述中间区域的外围区域，所述外围区域与振膜21结合，所述第二侧面及/或所述中间区域设有第二热辐射增强层231。可以理解，设于所述第二侧面的第二热辐射增强层231的辐射方向是朝向空气，能将热量直接辐射至空气中；设于所述中间区域的第二热辐射增强层231的辐射方向是背向空气而朝内，通常地，振膜21上对应所述中间区域的位置镂空，故而设于所述中间区域的热辐射增强层12能将热量经由振膜21上的镂空位置辐射至磁路系统10，再经由磁路系统10的外表面将热量散发到空气中。本实施例中，音圈22所产生的热量会传递到振膜21，再从振膜21传递到球顶23。通过在所述第二侧面及/或所述中间区域增设第二热辐射增强层231，能提高球顶23的热辐射能力，从而提高球顶23的散热能力；如此，音圈22所产生的热量经由振膜21传递到球顶23后，能通过具有较大面积的球顶23的第二热辐射增强层231进行辐射，从而进一步提高扬声器的散热效果。
可选地，所述外围区域与振膜21之间通过导热粘接胶结合，以增强振膜21与球顶23之间的热传递效率，使得音圈22所产生的热量能快速地经由振膜21传递到球顶23，从而便于球顶23通过其第二热辐射增强层231将热量进行散发，提高扬声器的散热效果。
然本设计不限于此，于其他一些实施例中，所述外围区域与振膜21之间还可通过普通的粘接胶结合，但该普通的粘接胶的厚度较小，例如为10微米～30微米，通常为20微米，如此，振膜21与球顶23之间也能较快地传热。
又或者，于其他再一些实施例中，所述外围区域与振膜212之间通过至少一圈普通的粘接胶结合，且所述外围区域与振膜21之间还至少设有一圈导热胶，以提高振膜21与球顶23之间的热传递效率。
进一步地，第二热辐射增强层231的厚度小于或等于20微米。可以理解，若所述第二热辐射增强层231的过厚，则所需的热辐射增强材料较多，成本 较高，且会导致所述第二热辐射增强层231的重量较重，使得球顶23的重量增加过多，而影响声学性能。
进一步地，第二热辐射增强层231的厚度大于或等于3微米。可以理解，若所述第二热辐射增强层231的过薄，则不利于第二热辐射增强层231在所述第二侧面及/或所述中间区域上的满布，容易出现一些位置未被所述第二热辐射增强层231所覆盖的现象，如此，会导致球顶23散热能力的提高受到影响。
本实施例中，所述第二热辐射增强层231的厚度范围为3微米～20微米，该厚度范围适中，以兼顾所述第二热辐射增强层231的低成本、低重量和便于满布制备；并且，该厚度较小，使得本发明球顶23相对于普通球顶23，在厚度、重量方便并无明显增加，从而使得扬声器声学性能基本无变化。
进一步地，第二热辐射增强层231所采用的热辐射增强材质为纳米碳、石墨烯、碳管、氮化硼、碳化硅、氮化铝中的一种或多种。可以理解，纳米碳、石墨烯、碳管、氮化硼、碳化硅、氮化铝等材质均具有较高的热辐射系数，能增强球顶23的热辐射能力，从而提高球顶23的散热效果。以所采用的热辐射增强材质为纳米碳为例，纳米碳的热辐射系数为0.98左右，而常见的铝材质的热辐射系数仅有0.55，可见，纳米碳材质具有更高的热辐射系数；另外，纳米碳是黑色的，有利于吸收和发射红外光热辐射，特别地，扬声器的工作温度可能会达到100摄氏度，属于红外光热辐射。
进一步地，第二热辐射增强层231为颗粒层，以增大其散热表面积，从而有利于其热辐射能力的进一步增强，从而进一步提高球顶23的散热能力。本实施例中，可选地，所述第二热辐射增强层231是通过涂布的方式得到的，其通常是将颗粒状的热辐射增强材质(例如纳米碳)制备成涂布液，再将涂布液涂布至所述第二侧面及/或所述中间区域上，待将涂布液中的溶剂挥发掉之后，能在所述第二侧面及/或所述中间区域上形成固化的所述第二热辐射增强层231。为增强涂布结合力，可选地，可先对所述第二侧面及/或所述中间区域进行粗化，以使其上成型微小的凹凸结构。
参照图3，在图3中，灰色的温升曲线是关于本发明的设置了纳米碳颗粒层的球顶23的，黑色的温升曲线则是关于普通的球顶的。从图3的温升曲线比对中，可以看出，相对于普通的球顶，本发明的球顶23可以降低温升3.6 摄氏度左右(均值)，从而说明本发明的球顶23相较于普通球顶具有更好的散热能力。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是在本发明的发明构思下，利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构变换，或直接/间接运用在其他相关的技术领域均包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种音圈，用于扬声器，其特征在于，所述音圈具有内侧面、外侧面、面向所述扬声器的振膜的顶面、及背向所述振膜的底面，所述内侧面、外侧面和底面中的至少一者设有第一热辐射增强层。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的音圈，其特征在于，所述第一热辐射增强层的厚度小于或等于20微米。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的音圈，其特征在于，所述第一热辐射增强层的厚度大于或等于3微米。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的音圈，其特征在于，所述第一热辐射增强层的厚度为5微米。
  5. 如权利要求1至4任一项所述的音圈，其特征在于，所述第一热辐射增强层为纳米碳层。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的音圈，其特征在于，所述纳米碳层为纳米碳颗粒层。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的音圈，其特征在于，所述纳米碳层为纳米碳涂层。
  8. 一种扬声器，其特征在于，包括：
    磁路系统，设有磁间隙；以及
    振动系统，包括振膜、及如权利要求1至7任一项所述的音圈，所述音圈的顶面与所述振膜结合，所述音圈部分伸入所述磁间隙。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述顶面与所述振膜之间通过导热粘接胶结合。
  10. 如权利要求8所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述磁路系统包括导磁轭、及设在所述导磁轭上的中心磁体和边磁体，所述中心磁体与所述边磁体之间形成所述磁间隙；所述扬声器还包括外壳，所述外壳的一端与所述振膜结合，另一端与所述边磁体结合；所述边磁体的背向所述中心磁体的表面、及所述导磁轭的背向所述振膜的表面均显露于所述外壳外。
  11. 如权利要求8至10任一项所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述振动系统还包括球顶，所述球顶具有相对的第一侧面和第二侧面，所述第一侧面包括中间区域、及环设于所述中间区域的外围区域，所述外围区域与所述振膜结合，所述第二侧面及/或所述中间区域设有第二热辐射增强层。
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