WO2021170310A1

WO2021170310A1 - Crane device

Info

Publication number: WO2021170310A1
Application number: PCT/EP2021/050906
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jürgen Weingärtner
Original assignee: Jürgen Weingärtner
Priority date: 2020-02-27
Filing date: 2021-01-18
Publication date: 2021-09-02
Also published as: EP4110719A1; DE102020105191B3

Abstract

The invention relates to a crane device comprising an extending element (4) which can move between a base position and an extended position, a support element (5) which runs over at least one deflection (6) secured to the extending element (4), wherein the position of the deflection (6) can be modified when moving the extending element (4), and a drive element (7) which interacts with the support element (5) such that a holding force is exerted onto the extending element (4), said holding force counteracting an extending force, when the extending element (4) is positioned between the base position and the extended position.

Description

description

Crane device

The invention relates to a crane device.

Various devices are known by means of which objects, animals or people can be raised, lowered and, in particular while floating, moved to another position.

For example, various types of cranes are known, such as a pillar crane, pillar slewing crane, wall slewing crane or knuckle boom slewing. A pivotable and / or movable cantilever system can be mounted on a column or directly on the wall or ceiling. Such cranes typically have a high base with a pivot point to divert the forces involved in operation. Customary slewing cranes are also often designed with a profile rail to accommodate a trolley. Articulated arm pivoting devices with one or two joints are known. The aim is typically to provide a large swivel range for a suspended load in order to be able to sweep the largest possible working area with the crane.

Furthermore, so-called gantry cranes are known, which can be designed to be stationary or also movable and essentially consist of supports and crossbeams. The crossbeam takes the hoist with or without the trolley. A disadvantage is the large amount of space required and the need to guide loads by hand. A crane of this type cannot be integrated inconspicuously into common living areas in terms of appearance either.

Another type of crane is a workshop crane or a so-called engine jack. This is partially mobile, so that the lifted load can only be moved with difficulty. Furthermore, the stroke that can be achieved with hydraulic drives is severely limited. Such cranes therefore typically only achieve short, mostly vertical lifting movements.

Furthermore, so-called pick-up cranes are known, which are designed similar to a pillar jib crane. The swivel can be tilted and is often designed to be collapsible. A disadvantage is that the column is fixedly mounted on the floor and that lifting and pivoting are carried out with two separate systems. In a similar way Tower cranes and construction cranes, which are also large and bulky and are firmly mounted on a base, work well.

Wall-mounted slewing cranes or mobile transport cranes have also been proposed. An arm can be swiveled over a balcony parapet, for example, and / or the user has to pull the chassis and the hoist towards him to bring in the load. The alignment of the rail is critical, as the chassis can start moving independently if it is not installed correctly. Construction site cranes are also known for temporary use, but they only correspond to a simple slewing crane in terms of design.

It is the object of the invention to provide a crane device which enables particularly simple and safe operation, in particular by a single user. The crane device should also be designed in such a way that it can be used in the residential area, for example in the vicinity of a residential building, without taking up space there to an annoying extent or shaping the external impression of the building.

This object is achieved by a crane device with the features of claim 1. Advantageous configurations and developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

The crane device according to the invention comprises an extension element which can be moved between a basic position and an extended position, and a support element which runs over at least one deflector attached to the extension element. The position of the deflector can be changed when the extension element is moved. The crane device further comprises a drive element which cooperates with the support element in such a way that, when the extension element is in a position between the basic position and the extended position, a holding force acts on the extension element which counteracts an extending force.

The invention is based on the central idea of designing the crane device in such a way that it can be operated safely and easily by a single person. In particular, the invention enables a safe forced guidance of the extension element, in particular with a suspended load, whereby it is also avoided that suspended loads remain above people or unsecured surfaces. Instead, the load can be routed directly to a safe area via the shortest route. For example, the Crane device safely guide and lower a load over the balustrade of a balcony or, conversely, lift a load to a balcony and move it over its balustrade onto the balcony.

One advantage of positive guidance over known cranes is that the load follows a previously established track, while the user controls the guiding of the load from a starting point to a destination. With other devices, the swiveling and guiding of the load take place more freely, so that the path of the load must be secured and monitored more precisely.

The invention can also ensure that the same sequence of movements is always carried out for lifting, moving and / or lowering a load. In particular, a load suspended from the holding element is moved vertically and horizontally along a defined conveyance line. This essentially distinguishes the invention from many known systems in which several further degrees of freedom of movement have to be taken into account and operability, in particular by a single operator, is significantly more difficult compared to the invention.

For example, the crane device can be designed in such a way that when the extending element is moved between the basic position and the extended position, the holding element is always retracted until a stop is reached on the deflector. If the extension element is in the basic position, the holding element remains on the stop; if, on the other hand, the extending element has reached the extended position, the holding element can, for example, be unwound and a load attached to it can be lowered. In addition, during the movement of the extension element, the load moves between the basic position and the extended position along a defined path, in particular along a specific straight line, which can also run essentially horizontally or along a specific inclination of the extension element. The path can also be defined differently, for example by a specific guide that is predetermined by the shape or configuration of the extension element. In particular, the path that a suspended load travels between the basic position and the extended position is predetermined by structural, possibly adjustable features of the extension element. The sequence of movements is therefore very safe and clearly defined, so that the operator can easily monitor the boundary conditions for ensuring safety during operation.

According to the invention, the crane device can also advantageously be designed in this way that it has a particularly small volume in its basic state, in particular because it can be pushed or folded together to a small size. It can thus be accommodated in a housing, for example, or protected and hidden by means of a cover. The crane device according to the invention can also advantageously be implemented with particularly cost-effective components.

The holding force acting according to the invention on the extension element counteracts an extending force. This means that this force causes the extension element to be held in its current position or the extension element to be returned to its basic position, provided that no force that exceeds the holding force acts in the extension direction. The holding force can therefore prevent the extension element from being extended and / or lead to a movement into the basic position. Conversely, this means that a force acting in the extension direction must act in order to move the extension element from the basic position.

The crane device can be used for lifting, moving and lowering loads, such as objects, animals or people. A particularly high level of safety must be guaranteed, particularly when used for transporting people. For example, increased safety of mechanical components can be provided, such as a gear breakage safety of at least 2, a suspension element safety of at least 10 and / or a safety of parts lying in the force flow of at least 2. For example, standards and regulations must be observed, such as those known for facade elevators are. Furthermore, a redundant design of a braking device and / or another solution for the purpose of redundant braking can be provided, for example a drive element with a self-locking worm gear. Furthermore, direct or indirect overload protection can be provided, which detects an overload and brings about a safe state, for example by locking, braking or moving and / or lowering. In particular, a sensor and evaluation electronics are provided for this purpose. Furthermore, the crane device can have an emergency limit switch and / or gear limit switch, by means of which an emergency signal can be detected, with the aid of which an emergency shutdown can be carried out or a safe emergency state can be established. Furthermore, a regular, approximately annual check by an expert can be provided, in particular in accordance with local or regional safety regulations.

The extension element can be designed in various ways. For example, it can comprise a linkage, for example at least one, at least two or more articulated arms, or it can be adjustable in the manner of a telescopic mechanism Facility include.

The basic position and the extended position can be characterized in that they mark end points of the displaceability of the extendable element. For example, different positions of an attached load are assigned to the basic position and the extended position; the position assigned to the extended position can then be at most removed from the position assigned to the basic position. Furthermore, intermediate positions of the extension element can be defined; if necessary, positions of the load are also assigned to the intermediate positions. In particular, when the extension element is moved, a movable section or a movable end of the extension element moves relative to a stationary section or end of the extension element. In particular, the deflection is connected to the extension element in such a way that it is moved from a starting position in the basic position to an end position in the extended position.

The deflection can be arranged, for example, at a movable end of the extension element or in the region of the end and can be moved with this, for example along an extension trajectory, in particular along an essentially straight line or along another path that is predetermined by the extension element or the extension process of the extension element is. The deflection is in particular mounted in a self-aligning manner and follows a pulling direction of the support element, for example a rope. For example, it can comprise a deflection roller or some other device for deflecting the support element. In particular, the support element is guided from a stationary end of the extension element to the deflection and can be lowered from there. The support element can for example be fixed at the stationary end, in particular against a tensile force exerted on the support element from the other end, for example by a suspended load or by a force acting on a stop element.

The carrying element can, for example, comprise a rope, a band or textile band, a chain or a similar element which is suitable for being guided over a deflection and for taking up a load. Different configurations of the support element or also combinations of several support elements can be provided, for example with a guide via at least one further deflection or a configuration which provides for a pulley system, for example. A particular advantage of using a tape is that, due to its width, it cannot be twisted so easily; in particular, a tape tension is formed; a band can also be reinforced to prevent twisting protected, for example by a steel mesh. A similar effect can also be achieved by using two or more ropes, the ropes in particular being able to be guided in parallel and / or at a short distance; as a result, improved security against rope breakage can also be achieved. Ropes run in parallel can, in particular, be guided over their own pulleys; the distance between the ropes can be about 15 to 40 cm, preferably about 20 to 30 cm

In particular, the support element is provided at a free end with a fastening device for fastening the load, for example with a hook, a snap hook or another corresponding element. At the end of the support element facing the fastening device, a stop element can furthermore be provided, which prevents the end of the support element or a fastening device arranged thereon from being pulled beyond the deflection.

The stop element is designed in particular so that when the length of the support element is shortened or when the support element is retracted it strikes a stop on the extension element, for example in the area of the deflection, and when it is further shortened or retracted it exerts a force on the extension element that is a force counteracts in the direction of extension. This means that the length of the support element protruding beyond the deflection is initially shortened during retraction until the stop element reaches a stop and further retraction leads to a movement of the extension element from the extended position in the direction of the basic position. In particular, the length of the support element can no longer be shortened any further when the extension element has reached the basic position.

To shorten the support element or to pull it in, a roller on which the support element is wound can be provided. In particular, the winding is effected by the drive element, for example a motor or a crank, which can also be operated manually, the roller being rotated and the carrying element being wound up or unwound as a result. Other ways of shortening or retracting the support element can be provided.

For example, it can be provided that the extension element is pretensioned in such a way that it moves automatically from the basic position into the extended position without an opposing holding force of sufficient magnitude. In the example, a cable is provided as the support element, which is attached to a motorized roller in the area of a base of the extension element and is at least partially rolled up. The rope is guided over a pulley, which is arranged at the end of the extension element facing away from the base, and follows gravity behind the pulley. At its end facing away from the pulley, the rope has a fastening device, for example a hook, and a stop element which can interact with a stop on the extension element in the region of the deflecting pulley. If the part of the rope that is not rolled up is long enough, the extension element is in the extended position and the free end of the rope with hook and stop element hangs down over the pulley. If the rope is rolled up, the hook and the stop element are pulled up until the stop element of the rope strikes the stop of the extension element. In order to roll up the rope even further, a holding force must now be applied, by means of which the extension element is moved in the direction of the basic position, the distance between the base and the deflection or the stop being shortened, so that the rope length is also shortened. Once the basic position has been reached, the rope cannot be rolled up any further, since the minimum distance between the base and the stop of the extension element has now been reached. The invention therefore provides in particular that the method between the basic position and the extended position of the extension element depends on the length of the free, non-rolled up rope; in this way, a particularly controlled guidance of the extension element and, if necessary, an attached load is achieved.

In particular, the invention differentiates between different, separate movement and operating states: For example, a horizontal movement can be carried out while the extension element is being moved, with in particular a load connected to the support element being moved horizontally, in particular essentially without a simultaneous vertical movement. For example, the load hangs in a fixed position relative to the deflector, while the deflector is moved horizontally in the direction of extension. This occurs, for example, when the position of the deflector changes essentially in the horizontal direction when the extension element is moved between the basic position and the extended position, while the length of the rope hanging over the deflector does not change because of the stop. Furthermore, an operation can be provided in which a load is moved in the vertical direction, that is, the load is raised or lowered; in particular, the load is not moved in the horizontal direction. This takes place, for example, when the rope is unrolled further after the extended position of the extension element has been reached and the rope length hanging over the deflection increases.

In particular, the crane device is designed in such a way that a load attached to the support element can execute a vertical movement precisely when this occurs Extension element is in the extended position; furthermore, however, a further state can be provided in which the extending element is locked in an intermediate position and / or in the basic position and in which a vertical movement of the load is made possible during the locking. Conversely, a horizontal movement of the load can be carried out precisely when the extension element is in a non-extended position, that is to say in the basic position or in an intermediate position; in a design that enables locking, the horizontal movement can only be carried out in an unlocked state. By separating the horizontal and vertical movability of the load, a particularly high level of operational safety can advantageously be ensured, since the load is clearly defined and moved in a predictable manner, while unexpected movements are prevented.

In one embodiment of the crane device according to the invention, a force can be applied to the extension element for moving by at least one spring element. The force exerted by the spring element is in particular formed in such a way that it tensions the extension element in a direction facing the extended position. As a result, the extension element can advantageously be moved between the basic position and the extended position in a particularly simple manner.

Alternatively or additionally, the extension element can have such an inclination in the direction of the force of gravity that an opening force component results due to the force of gravity, that is, the force of gravity acts as a force which acts on the extension element in the direction of the extended position.

The spring element is in particular encompassed by the extension element and is attached in such a way that it moves in a translatory manner when the extension element is moved. Furthermore, the spring element can be arranged statically opposite the extension element at at least one end of the spring, for example by being fastened to a wall. For example, the spring element or another element which exerts a force on the extension element can be arranged on the base of the extension element. Furthermore, spring elements are known which run over an articulated mounting, for example an articulated arm, and lead to the application of a stretching or bending force.

Furthermore, several spring elements can be provided in order to apply a force to the extension element for moving, wherein the spring elements can be at least partially connected to the extension element in such a way that they are moved translationally during the process and / or at least one end opposite the movement of the Extending elements are statically supported.

Instead of a spring element, another element can be provided which can apply an extending force to the extension element, for example a hydraulic or pneumatic element or a motor, in particular an electric motor, or combinations of different operating principles can be provided. For example, a rope, a chain or an element acting analogously can run and be supported over a corner, a pivotable mounting or a joint of the extension element in such a way that a force acting in the extension direction acts on the extension element.

The extension element can in particular comprise at least one articulated arm. In particular, an articulated arm comprises at least two arm sections which are connected to one another by an articulated connection in such a way that they can be pivoted relative to one another. In particular, the arm sections of the articulated arm can be pivotable in one plane, while the mounting does not permit any displacement of the arm sections relative to one another which would leave this plane.

In a further embodiment, the extension element comprises at least two articulated arms. In this way, particularly secure guidance can advantageously be achieved. On the basis of the design of the articulated arms and their arrangement to one another, it can also be precisely defined how the system behaves when moving between the basic position and the extended position and which path a suspended load follows.

At least one of the articulated arms can have a spring element or a similarly acting element that is designed to apply a force to the extension element, which causes the extension element to move, in particular in the extension direction from the basic position to the extended position. Such an element can for example be arranged in the area of the articulated connection between a first and a second arm section in such a way that it is connected to the first and second arm section. When the spring element is stretched or compressed, a force can be applied to the first and / or second arm section in such a way that this can result in a pivoting about an axis running through the articulated connection. For example, a stretching force can be applied to the articulated arms.

In particular, the articulated arms can be designed as toothed articulated arms in which a toothing is formed on the joints of one or more articulated arms. This allows in particular a particularly controlled movement of the Extension element and possibly a load attached to it.

When expanded, the articulated arms span an essentially horizontally aligned plane. As a result, the articulated arms are advantageously located in a clearly defined area that the operator can easily monitor.

Furthermore, the plane spanned by the articulated arms can extend essentially in the vertical direction. The plane spanned by the articulated arms can also be inclined, in particular in the direction of the earth's gravity, so that an opening force acts on the extension element and the extension element is thereby acted upon with a force in the direction of the extended position. For example, the spanned plane can be inclined at an angle between 5 ° and 25 °, preferably between 10 ° and 20 °, so that the inclination results in a force component of the gravitational field that acts on the extension element and acts on the extension element in the extension direction. Furthermore, attaching a load to the extension element can already lead to a slight (additional) inclination, in particular due to elastic deformation, which can also lead to an extending force component caused by gravity. The extension element can be designed in such a way that the elastic deformation leads to a gentle start-up, for example when the lifting force is initially at least partially diverted into the elastic deformation of the extension element when a load is lifted.

Furthermore, a stabilization element can be provided which serves to stabilize the extension element in the vertical direction, i.e. in particular in a direction parallel to the gravitational field of the earth and / or along a direction in which a force is exerted on the extension element by the support element. For example, the weight of a load suspended from the free end of the support element can be transmitted to the deflector and thus to the extension element via the support element hanging vertically downwards. The stabilizing element can now at least partially absorb this force. For example, a hook device can be provided which supports the extension element, or a support or support device oriented from below or from the side of the extension element can be provided.

A stabilizing element can in particular be designed in such a way that it defines an angle of inclination which the extension element includes, for example, with a vertical wall; In particular, this prevents the extension element from falling below a certain angle of inclination and being damaged, even in the extended position and with the load attached. For example, a support device can be provided which is fastened with a fixed section below the extension element and with an opposite end to the extension element. Both ends can be fastened pivotably, so that when the extension element is extended, the end of the support device fastened to it moves with it and ensures continuous support.

Furthermore, a support device, which is attached, for example, to the extension element and an external base structure, for example a wall, can be set up to guide the extension element during an extension movement between the basic position and the extended position in such a way that the deflection and / or a possibly attached load moved along a certain extension trajectory. For example, the support device can enclose an angle with the base structure which changes when the extension element is moved between the basic position and the extended position. Depending on this angle, a further movement of the support device can be brought about, for example by a guide along a rail or some other forced guidance of the support device. Furthermore, a differently designed and / or guided in a different way support device can be provided which, by being coupled to the extension element, specifies a certain path of the deflection or of the load. It can be provided that the length and / or position of the support device is adjustable; this can take place in particular during operation, for example by a user selecting a specific movement profile for operating the crane device, on the basis of which the length and / or position of the support device is then set.

In one embodiment, the articulated arms are coupled to one another in a straight line in such a way that the deflector and / or any load attached to the support element is moved essentially along a straight line when the extension element is moved. A particularly controlled and easily monitored movement is thereby advantageously achieved.

This can mean in particular that the movement of the extension element during extension does not lead to a pivoting in such a way that the deflection is moved along a round or curved path. In contrast to known swivel arm cranes, in which a suspended load is moved by swiveling the swivel arm from a balcony over a parapet or vice versa, the crane device can thus be operated in a much smaller space. In addition, the area covered by the suspended load is reduced, which means a further gain in safety. Various linear guides are known which can be applied to the extension element. In one embodiment of the invention, a straight guide is provided by an isosceles joint quadrangle and a two-stroke. In particular, the straight-line guide acts as a coupling gear through which a straight-line movement is achieved.

In a further embodiment, a straight guide or a configuration that has the same effect as the straight guide is used for a different type of extension element. In particular, the extension element is set up in such a way that when moving from the basic position into the extended position, the deflection of the extension element or a load attached to the support element is moved along an essentially straight line.

In a further embodiment, the extension element is set up to move the deflector and / or the possibly attached load along a specific trajectory when the extension element is moved, it being possible for this specific trajectory to deviate from a straight line. The trajectory can in particular run within a plane, for example a horizontal or inclined plane. The extension element can comprise articulated arms which are coupled to one another in such a way that when they move, for example when the articulated connections of the arm sections are stretched, the deflection is moved essentially along a predetermined line. For example, this can be achieved in that the lengths of the coupled arm sections of the articulated arms are matched to one another in a certain way; if necessary, these lengths can be adjustable, for example by making the arrangement of a coupling joint variable. In particular, setting can be provided during operation, for example by a user selecting a specific movement profile for operating the crane device, on the basis of which the length ratios of the arm sections and / or the position of articulated connections are then set. In this way, too, a particularly controlled and easily monitored movement can advantageously be achieved.

In a further embodiment, the extension element has at least one static section which is fastened to a carrier, for example a building wall, and a movable section which can be moved relative to the static section. As a result, the crane device can advantageously be designed and moved in a particularly compact manner. In particular, one end of the extension element is fastened to a wall of a building, at least at one fastening point, in such a way that there is no translational displacement of the fastened part of the extension element at this end. For example, articulated arms can be articulated on the static section, in which case they are, in particular, not displaceable, but pivoted and / or rotatably mounted. In particular, the extension element has two static sections, for example two fastening points of two articulated arms, which are connected to one another in a straight line and are each fastened to the wall at one end.

Various variants are conceivable for the storage, the arrangement and the course of the support element. The support element, for example a rope, can be arranged approximately entirely or partially above the extension element, that is to say approximately above the articulated arms of a corresponding construction.

In the case of a further development, the support element is arranged at least partially below the extension element from the static section to the displaceable section. The deflection is arranged in particular on the movable section. As a result, a particularly simple guide is advantageously achieved, in which, for example, pinching of the support element by the support element is avoided.

The support element runs in particular from a non-translationally moved base of the extension element to the deflection, which is arranged in a front region of the movable section and which is moved during the movement. For example, the support element is designed as a rope that is guided below the extension element, for example completely or partially below a linkage or articulated arm structure, until it is supported on the deflection. Furthermore, the support element, for example a rope or a chain, can run within a structure of the extension element, for example within a linkage; in this case, further measures for guiding can be provided in order to avoid that the support element is pinched or impaired in any other way. The support element can furthermore be guided in such a way that it runs entirely or partially above the extension element, in particular in the area between a base and an extendable section of the extension element.

In particular, the drive element comprises a drum motor which is set up to rotate a winch or roller in such a way that the support element is rolled up or shortened. Other types of retraction of the support element can also be provided. For example, the drive element is set up so that the support element, for example a rope or tape, wound up or drawn in in some other way, or vice versa, can be unwound or otherwise output. In particular, a force is exerted on the support element in such a way that a corresponding holding force can be applied to the extension element when its stop interacts with the stop element of the support element.

In one embodiment, the drive element comprises a motor, in particular an electric motor, a control element and a receiver element. The receiver element is set up to receive a control signal, in particular via a wireless data link, and to transmit it to the control element. The control element is set up to control the drive element as a function of the received control signal. In this way, particularly simple and safe operation is advantageously achieved, even from a distance.

For example, the control signal can be transmitted by radio directly or indirectly from an input unit of a user to the control element, in particular using methods known per se. For example, a radio control can be used as the input unit, as is known from the field of remote control of devices such as garage openers or of electronic devices. Optical or other signals can also be used as control signals. A control signal can also be transmitted over a cellular phone network or another network, including for example the Internet; the transmission does not have to be restricted to a wireless method.

The control can take place in various ways known per se. For example, it can be provided that a specific actuation of the drive element is triggered by means of the control signal. For example, a rotation of a roller for rolling up or down the support element can be controlled and can take place as long as, for example, a control signal is continuously received. For example, the control signal is triggered in this case by actuating a user device for a certain time. In a further embodiment, for example, various control signals can be provided, with the aid of which the drive unit is switched on or off or controlled in terms of speed or force.

Furthermore, a predetermined sequence of actuation of the drive element can be triggered on the basis of the control signal. For example, a program can be provided, when triggered, the drive unit for a certain time or until it is reached a termination condition is activated, furthermore various activations, for example for rotating a roller in different directions, are conceivable.

In a further embodiment, provision is made for authorization data to be recorded, the control element being set up to further control the drive element as a function of the authorization data. In this case, it is also checked, for example, in a manner known per se, whether a user or a user device is authorized to trigger a specific activation of the drive element. In this way, activation by unauthorized persons can advantageously be avoided. Suitable methods can be used for this, for example, from the field of controlling garage or door openers.

The crane device according to the invention can advantageously be operated by a single operator who is not stressed too much by the operation. It is avoided, for example, that the operator has to operate and, for example, move several mechanical elements.

The crane device can, in particular, also be operated remotely, that is to say the operator does not necessarily have to be in the immediate vicinity of the device in order, for example, to carry out a manual pivoting. Instead, it is sufficient that the operator can trigger the unwinding or lengthening of the carrying element, for example by means of a remote control or by operating a crank, in order to bring the extending element from the basic position into the extended position and lower the load or, conversely, to lift the load and that Then bring the extension element back into the basic position. In this way it can also be avoided that the load hovers unnecessarily long over an area, which means a considerable gain in safety and minimizes the need for the operator to monitor a potential danger area.

In a further embodiment, the crane device has a locking element for locking the extending element in an intermediate position between the basic position and the extended position. The extension element can be locked by the locking element in such a way that it remains in the intermediate position when the holding element is extended, in particular by rolling. As a result, a suspended load can advantageously be lowered even though the extension element is not in an extended position. The locking element exerts a holding force on the extension element and thus counteracts an extending force with which the extension element is acted upon by a spring, for example, and which would lead to an extension of the extension element without a lock in the intermediate position. For example, the extension element can be held in an intermediate position independently of the locking element by adjusting a length of the holding element so that a force counteracting the extending force is exerted via a stop on the deflector. This means, for example, that when the rope is drawn in, a stop element on the rope reaches the stop on the extension element, so that the extension element is moved to the basic position as it is drawn in further. If - without a locking element - the rope is extended or released again in such an intermediate position, this leads to renewed extension of the extension element. In such a situation, the locking element can be used to fix the extension element in the intermediate position and then to lengthen or unroll the rope again, for example to lower a load attached to it, without having to move the extension element into the extended position at the same time.

In a further development, the extension element is designed to overcome a horizontal distance of 1 m to 3 m, preferably between 1.5 m and 2.5 m, between the basic position and the extended position. The crane device is thus advantageously particularly well suited to bridging typical distances in the area of private houses and apartments, for example for lifting loads between a balcony and an area in front of the house.

The invention also relates to an arrangement of the crane device described here in the area of a house wall, in particular in the area of a balcony. In the arrangement, a base of the extension element can be fastened and / or supported on the wall in such a way that no displacement in the plane defined by the wall is possible. Furthermore, the base of the extension element can be mounted pivotably, rotatably and / or rotatably. Furthermore, in particular, the drive element is firmly attached and / or supported relative to the wall and / or to the drive element, in particular such that a free length of the support element can be changed by means of the drive element, for example by rolling the support element up or down, with a further Force can be exerted on the support element.

The invention also relates to a method for operating a crane device according to the description above. In the case of the method, a support element coupled to a drive element is set up in such a way that it is attached to at least one Extension element attached deflection runs, and it is also set up such that it exerts a holding force on the extension element when the extension element is in a position between a basic position and an extended position. In the method, a control signal is provided and the drive element is controlled on the basis of the control signal in such a way that it acts on the support element and, for example, changes its free length.

The control signal is provided in particular by a user device and can be received, for example, by means of a wireless data connection.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

FIG. 1 shows a side view of an exemplary embodiment of the crane device according to the invention in a basic position;

FIG. 2 shows a side view of the exemplary embodiment of the crane device according to the invention in an extended position;

FIG. 2A shows a side view of a variant of the crane device according to the invention;

FIG. 3 shows a plan view of the exemplary embodiment of the crane device according to the invention in the basic position;

FIG. 4 shows a plan view of the exemplary embodiment of the crane device according to the invention in the extended position;

FIGS. 5A and 5B show a schematic side view of different positions of the extension element of a further exemplary embodiment of the crane device; and

FIGS. 6A and 6B show a schematic side view of an exemplary embodiment of the crane device with a support device.

With reference to FIGS. 1 to 4, an exemplary embodiment of the crane device according to the invention and a method for operating the crane device are explained.

In the exemplary embodiment, the crane device comprises an extension element 4 which is arranged on a wall 1 in the area of a balcony with a balcony surface 2 and a parapet 3. The extendable element 4 has a base 4a and an extendable end 4b; it is in the area of the base 4a at mounting points 11, 12 on the wall 1 attached or stored. Details on the structure, storage and mode of operation of the extension element 4 are explained in more detail below.

The crane device further comprises a drive element 7, which here has a drum motor 7 or a motor-driven roller 7. The drive element 7 is also fastened to the wall 1, in the present case at fastening points 7a, 7b, and in the present case it is switchably connected to a power supply 7c. In further exemplary embodiments, an alternatively or additionally mechanically drivable drive unit 7 or a manually operated roller 7 can be provided, which can be operated, for example, by means of a crank.

Furthermore, in the exemplary embodiment, a control element 8 is provided which is coupled to the drive unit 7 and / or the energy supply 7c. A receiver element 9, which is set up to receive control signals from a user device 21 of a user 20 via a radio link, is also coupled to the control element 8; In further exemplary embodiments, control signals can alternatively or additionally be transmitted in a different manner, for example in a wired manner or via a network protocol, as is known per se from data technology.

The drive element 7 or the roller 7 is firmly connected to a support element 5. In the present case, the support element 5 is designed as a rope 5. In further exemplary embodiments, other similarly acting structures can be provided, in particular to avoid twisting of the support element 5: For example, two or more cables 5 can be provided, which in particular run parallel and can be connected to separate drive elements 7. As an alternative or in addition to a rope 5, a band can be provided, in particular with a core made of steel or another material. Furthermore, for example, a roller chain can be provided in which rotation of the support element 5 is avoided; the deflection 6 can then be designed as a deflection pinion. When the rope 5 is mentioned below, this is not to be understood as limiting to a specific training.

The cable 5 has an end fastened to the drive element 7. It can be rolled up and down from this attached end by the drive element 7 and thereby shortened or lengthened. The cable 5 also has a fixed end opposite the free end which, in the exemplary embodiment, runs above the extension element 4 from the drive unit 7 in the area of the base 4a of the extension element 4 to a deflection 6, which in the present case is a deflection roller 6 and is arranged at the extendable end 4b of the extension element 4.

At its free end guided over the deflection roller 6, the cable 5 has a fastening device (not shown) which here comprises a hook. A load 10, in the exemplary embodiment a bicycle 10, can be fastened to the rope 5 on the hook. The force of gravity acts on the hook and the possibly suspended load 11, as a result of which the part of the rope 5 reaching over the deflection pulley 6 hangs downwards, while the part of the rope 5 running above the extension element 4 is tensioned.

In the following, a hook is used in the exemplary embodiment. However, this is in no way intended to rule out the possibility of the fastening device being designed in different ways in further exemplary embodiments. It can, for example, comprise a configuration with several hooks or similarly acting elements, for example in order to be able to attach larger loads 10 such as a box, a canoe or a bicycle 10 and thereby avoid uncontrolled tilting when lifting, lowering or during movement. In particular, the fastening device is designed in such a way that it ensures a balance of a suspended load 10, in particular a defined, stable position of the load 10 during the movement. Furthermore, the fastening device does not have to be fastened to the free end of the holding element 5 or not at all to the holding element; for example, the fastening device can be mounted on the holding element by means of one or more rollers.

The rope 5 also has a stop element (not shown) which is arranged in the region of its free end between the hook and the position of the deflection roller 6. That is, for example, based on the situation shown in Figure 2, when the rope 5 is rolled up by the pulley 7 and its free length is shortened accordingly, the load 10 is raised until the stop element reaches a stop (not shown) on the pulley . When the cable 5 is shortened further, a force acting towards the drive element 7 or towards the base 4a of the extension element 4 is exerted on the extendable end 4b of the extension element 4.

In further exemplary embodiments, the stop element does not have to be designed as a separate element, but rather, for example, the hook can also act as a stop element. The stop of the extension element 4 must also be used for further Embodiments may not be designed as a separate element, but its effect can be achieved, for example, by a suitable design of the deflection roller 6.

In the exemplary embodiment, the control element 8 controls the drive element 7 by switching a power supply 7c on or off, which leads to a motorized rolling movement, wherein a first or second direction of rotation is also controlled for rolling up and down the cable 5.

For example, the user 20 can operate the user device 21, here a remote control 21, such as is also used to control garage doors, in a first way, for example by pressing a first pushbutton switch for a first time interval.

The drive element 7 is then controlled in such a way that the rope 5 is rolled up or unrolled during this first time interval. Furthermore, the user 20 can actuate a second push-button switch of the user device 21 for a second time interval and the drive element 7 unrolls or unrolls the cable 5 in reverse during this second time interval.

The drive element 7 can be set up in such a way that the cable 5 always runs along the straight line 16 when it is rolled up and down, i.e. in particular perpendicular to the wall plane 1. However, due to the design, this angle can also change during the actuation of the drive element 7. Furthermore, the cable 5 can run from the drive element 7 to a further deflection roller and can be guided via this to the deflection roller 6 attached to the extension element 4.

In further exemplary embodiments, other or further control options are provided. For example, a certain length of the rope 5 can be automatically rolled up or unrolled, the winding up and unwinding can take place at a specific speed, the drive element 7 can be actuated for a specific time interval and / or a specific program can be used to control the drive element 7 are executed. Furthermore, the rope 5 can be automatically rolled up until it reaches the stop and / or it can be automatically rolled up until the load 10 has hit a floor 30. In particular, a sensor can be provided which measures a force acting on the cable 5 in terms of magnitude and / or direction, and switching and / or control conditions can be defined as a function of the force measured. Furthermore, a sensor for detecting operating parameters of the drive element can be provided, for example a sensor for detecting a current flow, a voltage and / or power. In particular, overcurrent detection or power limitation can be provided. In this way, for example, a power applied by the drive element can be determined and a control condition can be implemented in order to switch off the drive element or to reduce the power in the event of an impending excessive load or heat generation. Furthermore, a control can be provided, such as is known, for example, from blind and roller shutter construction, with extreme positions of movable elements being able to be set and a motor being deactivated when such a position is reached.

In a further variant of the exemplary embodiment, which is explained with reference to FIG. 2A, a differently designed guide for the support element 5 can be provided.

The rope 5 runs here over a self-aligning pulley 6 and is then passed through a hook block 13 which has a certain diameter and to which a load 10 can be attached. The rope 5 is then guided upwards again and attached to a fixed point 14 at a certain distance from the deflection roller 6 on the extension element 4. The diameter of the roller of the hook block 13 and the distance between the pulley 6 and the fixed point 14 on the extension element 4 lead to the fact that the rope between the movable end of the extension element 4 and the load 10 runs in two strands, which are approximately parallel to each other or in one can extend upward increasing distance from each other, in particular, they span a plane perpendicular to the ground. The distance between these two strands advantageously counteracts a rotation of the support element 5 when the load 10 is suspended. In particular, a stop element is formed on the hook block 13, which hits the deflection roller 6 when a stop is reached.

In this variant, the deflecting roller 6 is designed in particular to be self-aligning, so that a defined alignment of the deflecting roller 6 with respect to the extending element 4 is ensured when the angle between the support element 5 and the extension element 4 changes.

In further exemplary embodiments, there is another element instead of the hook block 13 provided, which in particular acts analogously.

With reference to Figures 3 and 4, the structure of the extension element 4 according to the embodiment is explained in more detail. 3 shows an exemplary basic position of the extendable element 4, with the load 10 being held above the balcony surface 2, while FIG holds and can lower or pull up if necessary.

In the embodiment, the extension element 4 is by means of two articulated arms 41,

42 executed, which are formed in a straight line configuration and connected to one another. The articulated arms 41, 42 each have two articulated arm sections which are connected to one another in an articulated manner. The articulated arms 41, 42 are connected to one another at the extendable end of the extendable element 4. They are also connected to one another by a stiffening element 43 between the base 4a and the extendable end 4b. They are also attached to the base 4a of the extension element 4 at mounting points 11, 12 on the wall 1 or pivotably mounted. That is, the ends of the articulated arms 41, 42 are attached to the bearing points 11, 12 in such a way that they are secured against translation on the one hand, in particular against translation in the plane of the wall, but on the other hand they can be pivoted.

The articulated arms 41, 42 in particular span a plane perpendicular to the plane of the wall 1. The planes can also have a different angle to one another, the plane of the extension unit 4 being inclined in particular in the direction of gravity, as indicated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the deviation from the horizontal approximately at an angle between 0 ° and 35 ° being preferred 10 ° to 25 °. This angle can increase to a certain extent, for example when the load 10 is attached to the rope 5, due to an elastic yielding of the extension element.

The straight-line configuration ensures that the position of the extendable end 4b of the extendable element 4 is fixed at positions along a straight line 16. This means that when the extending element 4 is extended and retracted, it is ensured that the extendable end 4b is always located in a clearly defined area and, for example, a suspended load 10 is not guided over a larger pivoting range. In further exemplary embodiments, the Construction of the extension element 4, a non-straight trajectory is given, along which the extendable end 4b and possibly the attached load 10 moves when the extension element 4 is extended and retracted. For example, in this case the articulated arms 41, 42 with their articulated sections are in such a configuration that the extendable end 4b of the extendable element 4 is not guided along a straight line, but rather along another trajectory.

In the exemplary embodiment, the extension element 4 further comprises spring elements which are integrated into the articulated arms 41, 42 in such a way that they apply a stretching force in the direction of an arrow 15, which corresponds to an extension direction 15. That is, if there is no sufficiently large force acting on the extension element against the extension direction 15, the articulated arms 41, 42 are stretched and the extension element moves from the basic position shown in FIG. 3 to the extended position shown in FIG.

The spring elements can be integrated in one or both articulated arms 41, 42, in particular in the articulated area which connects the two articulated sections. The spring elements can be designed in various ways and also include other, similarly acting elements for applying a force in the extension direction 15 to the extension element 4 , hydraulic or motorized elements can be provided. The extension element 4 can include one or more spring elements and / or elements that act analogously.

In further exemplary embodiments, the extension element 4 can be designed in other ways. In particular, it is provided that an extending force acts in the extension direction 15 on the extension element 4 in such a way that it is automatically moved in the direction of the extended position if the extending force is not counteracted by a sufficiently large holding force.

In the present exemplary embodiment, the position shown in FIG. 3 is defined as the basic position of the extension element 4. Various positions of the extension element 4 are explained with reference to FIGS. 5A and 5B.

In the cases shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the extension element 4 comprises two articulated arms 41, 42, which are thus arranged one above the other. In the drawing, respectively a joint of the articulated arms 41, 42 indicated by a vertical line. In the position shown in Figure 5B, both articulated arms 41, 42 are folded together and are as close as possible to the wall 1; a basic position is therefore achieved which is characterized by the smallest possible extension length 50. In the position shown in FIG. 5A, a greater extension length 50 is achieved, which can correspond to the maximally achievable extended position of the extension element 4.

A basic position of the extension element 4 is defined in particular such that in this position in the exemplary embodiment the extension element 4 is not pushed together any further or that a support element 5 is not rolled up any further or is otherwise shortened. The basic position can be defined by the fact that no further retraction of the extension element 4 is physically possible, for example because its elements block each other, because they abut against one another or are completely folded up, or because in some other way a maximum compression of the extension element 4 to the lowest possible Extension length is reached. For example, a construction is set up so that the smallest possible extension length of the extension element 4 is achieved, for example by articulated arms 41, 42 and / or sections of the articulated arms 41, 42 being supported and mounted on one another in such a way that, for example, they are in a folded configuration in the Basic position are arranged one above the other. The basic position can also be defined in such a way that, in a certain position, before a minimum extension length 50 is reached, the retraction of the extension element 4 is blocked, either by a blocking element or, for example, by a control of the drive element 7.

In further exemplary embodiments, it can be assumed that the basic position and the extended position have been reached if a certain termination condition is reached by means of sensors. For example, the retraction of the extension element 4 can be stopped when an end position stop is reached or when a gear limit switch is triggered. In particular, a sensor detects the progress of the retraction or extension of the extension element 4 or the reaching of a certain position and transmits a control signal to the drive element 7 when a certain control condition is reached; In particular, the support element 5 is not rolled up or shortened any further when the reaching of the defined basic position has been detected by means of a sensor. Correspondingly controllable devices are known, for example, from the construction of blinds, where extreme positions of the system that can be reached by means of a motor can be specified, when they are reached, for example, the motor is deactivated. In further exemplary embodiments, a cladding, a cassette or a similar element is provided, which is attached, for example, in the area of the base of the extension element 4, for example on a wall, and into which the extension element 4 can be partially or completely retracted in the basic position. The extension element 4 and other parts of the crane device can thereby be optically hidden and / or protected from external influences such as moisture, dirt and wind.

In a further exemplary embodiment, a parking position can be provided for moving the extending element 4 or the entire crane device into the cladding. In this case, the basic position of the extension element 4 is designed such that a possibly suspended load 10 is located outside the cladding and does not collide with it. In this case, the load 10 can be removed, in particular with the extendable element 4 in the basic position, before the extendable element 4 is moved into the parking position, in which, in particular, maximum compression of the extendable element 4 to the smallest achievable length is achieved and the crane device wholly or partially is enclosed by the cladding. In particular, it can be detected whether a load 10 is attached, and driving into the parking position can be stopped if a load 10 is present, for example in order to prevent damage to the cladding.

With reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the movement of the load 10 by means of the crane device is explained. Clearly defined movement sequences are carried out with the crane device:

The extension element 4 is in its basic position when the stop element of the rope 5 rests against the stop of the extension element 4 and the rope 5 is rolled up to such an extent that the extended end 4b of the extension element 4 is moved as close as possible to the wall 1. A possibly suspended load 10 then also hangs as close as possible to the wall 1. This state is shown in FIG. 1.

If the rope 5 is now unrolled, the extension element 4 automatically extends during an extension phase and an attached load 10 moves in the extension direction 15 and a holding force acting counter to this on the extension element 4. It is particularly important it is provided that the stop element of the rope 5 continues to rest against the stop of the extension element 4 during the extension phase.

The suspended load 10 therefore remains at a constant vertical distance from the deflector 6 and is in particular moved essentially only horizontally. In general, like the extendable end 4b of the extension element 4, it moves at a constant height or following a certain angle, as well as along the straight line 16 given by the straight guidance of the extension element 4 Guided over the balcony surface 2 over the parapet 3 and when the extended position of the extending element 4 is reached, it floats over a position on the floor 30.

If the length of the rope 5 is now extended by unrolling, the suspended load 10 is lowered in the direction of the floor 30. Conversely, a load can be lifted from the floor 30. The extension element 4 is held in the extended position and it does not move along the extension direction 15 and in particular not in the vertical direction, apart from an elastic movement due to the weight of the attached load 10. Such a state is shown in FIG.

If the rope 5 is then shortened by rolling it up, an attached load 10 is lifted and guided vertically upwards until the stop element of the rope 5 strikes the stop in the area of the extendable end 4b of the extension element 4 and a holding force is created when the rope 5 is further rolled up acts against the direction of extension 15.

If this holding force exceeds the force acting in the extension direction 15, which acts on the extension element 4 through spring elements, for example, then the extension element 4 is shifted towards the basic position, the sequence of movements being the reverse of the extension of the extension element 4 explained above. The suspended load 10 remains at a constant vertical distance from the deflector 6, that is to say, in particular, it is only moved essentially horizontally.

In the invention, the sequence of movements of a suspended load 10 is therefore advantageously determined only on the basis of the free length of the rope 5. It can therefore be controlled very easily by controlling the drive element 7. Furthermore, the movement in discrete phases is designed as simple and direct as possible, so that a individual operator can easily control and monitor the process, especially since no unnecessarily large areas are swept over by the suspended load 10.

In a further exemplary embodiment, a locking element is provided, by means of which the extension element can be locked in an intermediate position between the basic position and the extended position. That is, the locking element compensates for the extending force with which the extending element 4 is acted upon by a spring element, for example. In particular, the locking element is suitable for locking the extension element 4 in an intermediate position. This means that when the locking element is actuated, the rope 5 no longer has to apply a holding force. This state is analogous to the extended state shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, although the load 10 does not have to be extended beyond the parapet, but can also be located above the balcony area 2, for example. The load 10 can therefore, for example, also be lowered over the balcony area 2, whereas without the locking, an unwinding of the cable 5 would lead to the extension element 4 being extended further.

The locking element can also be used to lock and secure the extension element 4 after reaching the extended position and / or in the basic position or to relieve the rope 5 in the basic position.

The actuation of the locking element can be controlled by means of the control element 8, in particular via the control signal as explained above.

With reference to FIGS. 6A and 6B, an exemplary embodiment, shown schematically, of the crane device with a support device S is explained. It is based on the exemplary embodiments explained above; Elements that have already been explained are provided with the same reference symbols and will not be described again in detail.

The extending element 4 is shown in FIG. 6A in a largely retracted position and in FIG. 6B in a further extended position; it can be a basic position (FIG. 6A) and an extended position (FIG. 6B).

Below the extension element 4, a support device S or a support S is attached to the wall 1 and is pivotably mounted on the wall 1 and on the extension element 4. That is, when the extension element 4 is extended and retracted, the end of the support S attached to it moves with it in the extension direction. Since the Length of the support S remains constant in the exemplary embodiment, an angle of inclination a, a ′, which the extension element 4 encloses with the wall 1, changes during the extension. That is, the length and the fastening positions of the support on the wall 1 and on the extension element 4 also determine an inclination characteristic of the extension element 4 during its movement from the basic position to the extended position.

In further exemplary embodiments, the support S is formed in such a way that it specifies a certain path of the extended end 4b of the extension device 4 when this is moved between the basic position and the extended position.

For example, this is achieved by a guide element which is arranged and designed in such a way that the support S runs through a certain path or is brought into a certain position when its angle with respect to the wall 1 changes.

The support S is designed in particular so that when a load is attached it absorbs part of the force acting in the direction of gravity on the extension element 4 and dissipates it via the wall 1, so that the load-bearing capacity of the device can be increased. The support S is designed in particular in such a way that it rests tightly against the wall 1 when the extension element 4 is in the basic position. Furthermore, a cladding or a similar element can be provided which optically covers the support S in the basic position and / or protects it from external influences.

List of reference symbols

1 wall

2 balcony area

3 parapet

4 extendable element

4a Static Section; Base

4b movable section; Extendable end

5 support element; rope

6 deflection; Pulley

7 drive element; Drum motor; Roller 7a, 7b attachment point

7c energy supply

8 control

9 receiver element

10 load; bicycle

11 storage point

12 storage point

13 hook block

14 Fixed point

15 arrow; Direction of extension

16 Straight line

20 users

21 user device; remote control

30 floor

41, 42 articulated arm 50 extension length

S support device; Column a, a 'angle of inclination

Claims

1. A crane device comprising an extension element (4) which can be moved between a basic position and an extended position; a support element (5) which runs over at least one deflector (6) attached to the extension element (4); wherein when the extension element (4) is moved, the position of the deflector (6) can be changed; and a drive element (7) which cooperates with the support element (5) in such a way that when the extension element (4) is in a position between the basic position and the extended position, a holding force acts on the extension element (4) which counteracts an extending force.

2. Crane device according to claim 1, characterized in that the extension element (4) can be acted upon by at least one spring element with a force for moving.

3. Crane device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the extension element (4) comprises at least two articulated arms (41, 42).

4. Crane device according to claim 3, characterized in that the articulated arms (41, 42) span a substantially horizontally oriented plane.

5. Crane device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the articulated arms (41, 42) are coupled to one another in a straight line so that the deflection is moved essentially along a straight line (16) when the extension element (4) is moved.

6. crane device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the extension element (4) has at least one static section (4a) which is attached to a support, such as a building wall (1), and a movable section (4b) which is movable relative to the static section (4a) , having.

7. Crane device according to claim 6, characterized in that the support element (5) from the static section (4a) to the movable section (4b) is arranged at least partially below the extension element (4).

8. Crane device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive element (7) comprises a motor, in particular an electric motor, a control element (8) and a receiver element (9); wherein the receiver element (9) is set up to receive a control signal, in particular via a wireless data connection, and to transmit it to the control element (8); wherein the control element (8) is set up to control the drive element (7) as a function of the received control signal.

9. Crane device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a locking element for locking the extension element (4) in an intermediate position between the basic position and the extended position; wherein the extension element (4) can be locked by the locking element in such a way that it remains in the intermediate position when the holding element (5) is extended, in particular by rolling.

10. Crane device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the extension element (4) is designed to have a horizontal distance of 1 m to 3 m, preferably between 1.5 m and 2.5 m, between the basic position and the extended position , to overcome.