WO2021169535A1 - 一种基于热解炭内循环强化传热的双螺旋热解反应器 - Google Patents

一种基于热解炭内循环强化传热的双螺旋热解反应器 Download PDF

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WO2021169535A1
WO2021169535A1 PCT/CN2020/138189 CN2020138189W WO2021169535A1 WO 2021169535 A1 WO2021169535 A1 WO 2021169535A1 CN 2020138189 W CN2020138189 W CN 2020138189W WO 2021169535 A1 WO2021169535 A1 WO 2021169535A1
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pyrolysis
drum
carbon
spiral
screw
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PCT/CN2020/138189
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English (en)
French (fr)
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肖睿
曾德望
邱宇
马莉
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东南大学
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B51/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by combined direct and indirect heating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight

Definitions

  • the utility model provides a double helix pyrolysis reactor based on the internal circulation of pyrolysis charcoal to enhance heat transfer, which belongs to the technical field of renewable energy utilization.
  • Biomass energy density is low, the distribution is relatively scattered, and its collection, transportation and storage costs are high, which greatly restricts the development and utilization of biomass energy.
  • Biomass pyrolysis is a highly potential biomass energy utilization technology, but the existing biomass pyrolysis processes are all fixed processes, resulting in half of the cost of the biomass pyrolysis process being consumed in the collection, storage and transportation of raw materials. If the biomass raw materials can be converted into bio-oil on the small-scale pyrolysis device that is easy to move, and then the bio-oil can be transported to the intermediate processing node for large-scale centralized refining, the collection radius of the biomass raw materials can be effectively reduced. Fundamentally solve the problem of high cost of biomass raw material collection and transportation.
  • Biomass pyrolysis reactor is the core component of biomass pyrolysis technology.
  • the existing pyrolysis reactors mainly include the following two types:
  • Direct heating type pyrolysis reactor mainly includes fluidized bed reactor, double fluidized bed reactor, rotating cone reactor, etc. (usually used for rapid pyrolysis). Biomass is directly mixed with a high-temperature heat carrier for pyrolysis, which has good heat transfer performance and large processing capacity, but requires a large amount of carrier gas, high energy consumption, more product impurities, and poor material adaptability.
  • Partition heating type pyrolysis reactor mainly includes rotary kiln reactor, spiral reactor, etc. (usually used for slow pyrolysis). Using an external heat source to heat the reactor, the reactor transfers heat to the biomass, the material has good adaptability, and the solid residence time is adjustable, but the heat transfer performance is poor and it is difficult to scale up.
  • the present invention provides a device based on pyrolysis charcoal internal circulation catalytic pyrolysis of biomass.
  • the device combines direct heating and partition heating to achieve medium-speed pyrolysis of biomass. , Improved heat transfer performance, improved material adaptability, and increased biomass processing capacity.
  • the double spiral pyrolysis reactor based on the internal circulation of pyrolysis charcoal to enhance heat transfer of the present invention is realized by the following:
  • the double helix pyrolysis reactor takes a horizontal cylindrical outer helix drum as the main body.
  • the upper left end of the outer helix drum is provided with a pyrolysis gas outlet.
  • the upper right end of the outer helix drum is provided with a feed inlet and the lower right end is provided
  • the pyrolysis charcoal collection box is equipped with an electric heating device on the outside of the outer spiral drum.
  • Three support frames are provided at the lower part of the outer spiral drum to support the entire outer spiral drum; there are two coaxial rotating screws with opposite blades in the outer spiral drum.
  • the outer screw and the inner screw pass through the outer spiral drum from left to right, where the inner screw is located in the center, the inner screw is outside the inner screw drum, the outside of the inner screw drum is the outer screw, and the outer screw is outside the outer screw drum; pyrolytic charcoal
  • the exchange port is set on the left side of the inner spiral drum, the carbon circulation port is set at the lower end of the right side of the inner spiral drum, and the pyrolysis carbon collection box is set at the lower end of the right side of the outer spiral drum; the motor is set on the left side of the outer spiral drum to drive the coaxial rotating screw.
  • the biomass raw material enters the outer spiral drum from the feed port, and is mixed with the circulating pyrolysis carbon. Under the action of the blade, the mixture of biomass raw material and pyrolysis carbon is continuously mixed and moves to the left, to the left of the outer spiral drum.
  • the pyrolysis carbon exchange port falls into the inner spiral drum; during this mixing and stirring process, the biomass undergoes pyrolysis reaction, and the generated pyrolysis gas is discharged from the pyrolysis gas outlet; the pyrolysis carbon falling into the inner spiral drum is internally rotating drum
  • the screw moves to the right under the conveying action of the screw, and after reaching the right side of the inner spiral drum, part of the pyrolysis carbon falls into the outer spiral drum from the carbon circulation port, and the rest of the pyrolysis carbon falls into the carbon collection box.
  • the double screw is a coaxial rotating screw with two blades driven by a speed-regulating motor.
  • the left and right ends of the outer screw are provided with two grooves.
  • the pyrolysis carbon exchange port allows the pyrolysis carbon to enter the inner spiral from the outer spiral drum.
  • the drum and the carbon circulation port allow part of the pyrolysis carbon to enter the outer spiral drum from the inner spiral drum to realize the circulation of the pyrolysis carbon in the double spiral reactor.
  • the speed-regulating motor drives two screws, the outer screw 6, and the inner screw 7 rotates at the same time. Both the inner and outer screws are equipped with spiral blades, but the direction of rotation is opposite.
  • the biomass material is fed into the outer spiral drum and mixed with the circulating pyrolysis charcoal. According to the direction shown in the figure, under the action of the blades, the mixture is continuously mixed and moves to the left, and falls from the pyrolysis charcoal exchange port on the left side of the inner spiral drum.
  • the biomass undergoes a pyrolysis reaction, and the generated pyrolysis gas is discharged from the pyrolysis gas outlet.
  • the pyrolysis charcoal falling into the inner rotation drum moves rightward under the action of the screw to reach the right side of the inner rotation drum, and part of the pyrolysis char
  • the pyrolysis charcoal falls into the charcoal collection box.
  • the temperature of the solids in the pyrolysis reactor is controlled at 500-600°C, and the residence time of the materials in the pyrolysis reactor is 1-30 min, which realizes the medium-speed pyrolysis of biomass.
  • the pyrolysis reactor of the present invention does not need to be fed with fluidized carrier gas when working, but through the rotation of the screw, the biomass material is helically mechanically displaced along the inner wall of the high-temperature reactor, and can be changed by changing the outer wall of the reactor.
  • the heating temperature and the rotation speed of the screw are used to adjust the heating temperature and heating time of the biomass materials, so that the biomass materials can achieve selective pyrolysis conversion, such as pyrolysis liquefaction, pyrolysis gasification or pyrolysis carbonization.
  • the internal coke recycling provides a solution to the heat source problem of the mobile pyrolysis unit
  • the pyrolysis reactor adopts a spiral structure to convey the materials, which promotes the mixing of the heat carrier and the materials, and can adjust the rotation speed, and then adjust the residence time of the solid to change the yield of each pyrolysis product, which is convenient for different types and different particles. Pyrolysis treatment of biomass in the diameter range;
  • Pyrolysis charcoal is used as a heat carrier and a catalytic cracking medium, maintaining an ideal pyrolysis temperature environment, promoting the secondary cracking reaction of pyrolysis steam, and producing a relatively large proportion of low molecular weight condensable organic heavy tar And permanent fuel gas (H 2 and CO).
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inner screw in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the outer screw and the inner screw drum in Fig. 1.
  • the picture shows: pyrolysis gas outlet 1, electric heating device 2, outer spiral drum 3, inner spiral drum 4, feed port 5, outer screw 6, inner screw 7, motor 8, pyrolysis carbon exchange port 9, support frame 10.
  • the double spiral pyrolysis reactor of the present invention based on the internal circulation of pyrolysis charcoal to enhance heat transfer takes a horizontal cylindrical outer spiral drum 3 as the main body, and the upper left end of the outer spiral drum 3 is provided with heat Degassing outlet 1, the upper right part of the outer spiral drum 3 is provided with a feed inlet 5, and the lower end of the right part is provided with a pyrolysis carbon collection box 12, and an electric heating device 2 is installed on the outside of the outer spiral drum 3, at the lower part of the outer spiral drum 3.
  • Three support frames 10 are provided to support the entire outer spiral drum 3; in the outer spiral drum 3, there are two coaxial rotating screws with opposite blade spiral directions, namely, the outer screw 6 and the inner screw 7 penetrate the outer spiral drum 3 from left to right.
  • the inner screw 7 is located in the center, the inner screw 7 is outside the inner screw drum 4, the outside of the inner screw drum 4 is the outer screw 6, and the outer screw 6 is the outer screw drum 3; the pyrolysis carbon exchange port 9 is set in the inner screw drum 4 On the left side, the carbon circulation port 11 is set at the lower end of the right side of the inner spiral drum 4, and the pyrolysis carbon collection box 12 is set on the lower end of the right side of the outer spiral drum 3.
  • the motor 8 is set on the left side of the outer spiral drum 3 to drive the coaxial rotating screw.
  • the working process of the double-spiral pyrolysis reactor based on the internal circulation of pyrolysis charcoal to enhance heat transfer is as follows: the biomass raw material is fed into the outer spiral drum 3 from the feed port 5 and mixed with the circulating pyrolysis charcoal. Under the effect of the stirring action, the mixture is continuously mixed and moves to the left, and falls into the inner rotating drum 4 from the pyrolysis carbon exchange port 9 to the left of the inner spiral drum. During this mixing and stirring process, the biomass undergoes a pyrolysis reaction, and the generated pyrolysis gas is discharged from the pyrolysis gas outlet 1.
  • the pyrolysis charcoal falling into the inner rotation drum moves rightward under the action of the screw to reach the right side of the inner rotation drum 4, and part of the pyrolysis charcoal falls to the right side of the inner rotation drum by the pyrolysis charcoal recirculation tank 11 and falls into the outer rotation drum. , The remaining pyrolysis charcoal falls into the charcoal collection box 12.
  • the pyrolysis steps are:
  • the pyrolyzer reactor is gradually heated to 500°C and kept at this temperature for 30 minutes. During the heating phase, the motor is also turned on and the rotation speed of the inner and outer spirals is set;
  • step S3 The pyrolysis carbon obtained in step S2 falls into the external rotating drum from the carbon circulation port 11 and is heated to 500-600°C with the biomass material, and is transported to the left side of the pyrolysis reactor again;
  • step S4 The high-temperature remaining pyrolysis carbon obtained in step S2 is discharged from the right side of the inner rotating drum to the carbon collection box 12;
  • step S5 The bio-oil vapor obtained in step S2 is discharged from the pyrolysis gas outlet into the corresponding condensing device.
  • the biomass material is rice husk with a moisture content of 6.7%, about 30mm in length, and a processing capacity of 50kg/h;
  • the rice husk is fed into the outer spiral drum from the inlet 5, and the rotation speeds of the inner and outer spirals are set to 2 rpm and 8 rpm respectively. Under the action of the spiral conveying, the mixture is continuously mixed and moves to the left to the left of the inner drum.
  • the pyrolysis charcoal exchange port 9 falls into the internal rotation drum. Part of the material falling into the inner rotating drum moves to the right under the action of the screw conveyance, part of the material falls into the outer rotating drum through the carbon circulation port 11 on the right side of the inner drum, and the rest of the material is discharged from the right side of the inner rotating drum to the char collection box 12 in.
  • Raw material wheat straw
  • the biomass material is wheat straw with a moisture content of 4.6%, after simple crushing treatment, the length is about 100mm, and the processing capacity is 50kg/h;
  • Wheat straw is fed into the outer spiral drum from the feed port 5, and the rotation speeds of the inner and outer spirals are respectively set at 3 rpm and 10 rpm. Under the conveying action of the spiral, the mixture is continuously mixed and moves to the left to the left of the inner drum.
  • the pyrolysis charcoal exchange port 9 falls into the internal rotation drum. Part of the material falling into the inner rotating drum moves to the right under the action of the screw conveyance, part of the material falls into the outer rotating drum through the carbon circulation port 11 on the right side of the inner drum, and the rest of the material is discharged from the right side of the inner rotating drum to the char collection box 12 in.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

一种基于热解炭内循环强化传热的双螺旋热解反应器，包括外螺旋滚筒(3)，在外螺旋滚筒(3)的左部上端设有热解气出口(1)，在外螺旋滚筒(3)的右部上端设有进料口(5)，在外螺旋滚筒(3)的右部下端设有热解炭收集箱(12)，在外螺旋滚筒(3)外侧安装有电加热装置(2)，在外螺旋滚筒(3)内设有两个叶片螺旋方向相反的同轴旋转螺杆；所述的双螺旋热解反应器利用螺旋结构输送物料，改善了传热性能。

Description

一种基于热解炭内循环强化传热的双螺旋热解反应器 技术领域
本实用新型提供一种基于热解炭内循环强化传热的双螺旋热解反应器，属于再生能源利用技术领域。
背景技术
生物质能量密度低，分布较散，其收集、运输和储存的成本较高，大大限制了生物质能源的开发利用。生物质热解是一种极具潜力的生物质能利用技术，但现有的生物质热解工艺均为固定式工艺，导致生物质热解工艺成本的一半消耗在原料收集和储运环节。如能在便于移动的小型热解装置上将生物质原料就地转化为生物油，再将生物油运输到中间处理节点进行大规模集中精炼，就能有效减小生物质原料的收集半径，从根本上解决生物质原料收集和运输成本过高的问题。
生物质热解反应器为生物质热解技术的核心部件。现有的热解反应器主要包括以下两种类型：
1、直接加热型热解反应器：主要包括流化床反应器，双流化床反应器，旋转锥反应器等(常用于快速热解)。生物质直接与高温热载体混合热解，传热性能好，处理量大，但是需要大量载气，能耗高，且产物杂质较多，物料适应性差。
2、间壁加热型热解反应器：主要包括回转窑反应器、螺旋反应器等(常用于慢速热解)。使用外部热源加热反应器，反应器向生物质传热，物料适应性好，固体停留时间可调，但是传热性能差，难以放大。
发明内容
技术问题：为了解决上述问题，本发明提供了一种基于热解炭内循环催化热解生物质的装置，该装置结合直接加热和间壁加热两种加热方式，实现了生物质的中速热解，提高了传热性能，改善了物料适应性，增大了生物质处理量。
技术方案：本发明的一种基于热解炭内循环强化传热的双螺旋热解反应器通过如下实现：
该双螺旋热解反应器以水平圆柱形的外螺旋滚筒为主体，在外螺旋滚筒的左部上端设有热解气出口，在外螺旋滚筒的右部上端设有进料口，右部下端设有热解炭收集箱，在外螺旋滚筒外侧安装有电加热装置，在外螺旋滚筒的下部设有三个支撑架支撑整个外螺旋滚筒；在外螺旋滚筒内设有两个叶片螺旋方向相反的同轴旋转螺杆即外螺杆和内螺杆自左向右贯穿外螺旋滚筒设置，其中内螺杆位于中心，在内螺杆外是内螺旋滚筒，在内螺旋滚筒 外是外螺杆，在外螺杆外是外螺旋滚筒；热解炭交换口设置在内螺旋滚筒左侧，炭循环口设置在内螺旋滚筒右侧下端，在外螺旋滚筒右侧的下端设有热解炭收集箱；电机设置在外螺旋滚筒左侧驱动同轴旋转螺杆即外螺杆和内螺杆。
生物质原料由进料口进入外螺旋滚筒，与循环的热解炭混合，在叶片的搅动作用下，生物质原料和热解炭的混合物不断混合且向左运动，到外螺旋滚筒左侧由热解炭交换口落入内螺旋滚筒；在此混合搅动过程中，生物质发生热解反应，产生的热解气由热解气出口排出；落入内螺旋滚筒的热解炭在内旋滚筒螺旋的输送作用下向右运动，到达内螺旋滚筒右侧之后，部分热解炭由炭循环口落入外螺旋滚筒，其余热解炭落入炭收集箱中。
所述双螺旋为调速电机带动的两个叶片螺旋方向相反的同轴旋转螺杆，外螺杆左右两端各开有两个槽，热解炭交换口允许热解炭由外螺旋滚筒进入内螺旋滚筒，炭循环口允许部分热解炭由内螺旋滚筒进入外螺旋滚筒，实现热解炭在双螺旋反应器内的循环。
结合内部热解炭循环与生物质混合换热以及外部电加热两种加热方式，利用螺旋转速变化影响固体停留时间的特性，使得生物质热解温度在500℃-600℃、固体停留时间为1-30min。
工作原理：调速电机带动两个螺杆即外螺杆6，内螺杆7同时旋转，内、外螺杆均安装有螺旋叶片，但旋转方向相反。生物质原料喂入外螺旋滚筒，与循环的热解炭混合，按图示方向，在叶片的搅动作用下，混合物不断混合且向左运动，到内螺旋滚筒左侧由热解炭交换口落入内旋滚筒。在此混合搅动过程中，生物质发生热解反应，产生的热解气由热解气出口排出。落入内旋滚筒的热解炭在螺旋的输送作用下，向右运动到达内旋滚筒的右侧，部分热解炭到内滚筒右侧由热解炭再循环槽落入外旋滚筒，其余热解炭落入炭收集箱中。
优选地，热解反应器中固体温度控制在500～600℃，物料在热解反应器中停留的时间为1～30min，实现了生物质的中速热解。
本发明的热解反应器工作时不需要通入流化载气，而是通过螺杆的旋转运动使生物质物料沿着高温反应器的内壁作螺旋式机械位移，且可以通过改变反应器壁面外侧的加热温度和螺杆的转速来调节生物质物料的受热温度和受热时间，从而使生物质物料实现有选择性的热解转化，如热解液化、热解气化或热解炭化。
有益效果：本实用新型与现有技术相比，其优点是：
1、使用内部焦炭循环利用和外部电加热两种加热方式，强化了传热，使得装置具有单位体积反应热强度高、生物质处理量大等优点；
2、内部焦炭循环利用为移动式热解装置的热源问题提供了解决方案；
3、热解反应器中采用螺旋结构输送物料，促进了热载体和物料混合，并可调节转速，进而调节固体的停留时间，以改变各热解产物的产率，方便对不同种类、不同粒径范围的生物质进行热解处理；
4、热解炭既作为热载体又作为催化裂化介质，保持了理想的热解温度环境，促进了热解蒸汽的二次裂解反应，产生了较大比例的较低分子量的可冷凝有机物重焦油和永久性燃料气(H 2和CO)。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图；
图2是图1中内螺杆的结构示意图；
图3是图1中外螺杆和内螺旋滚筒的结构示意图。
图中有：热解气出口1，电加热装置2，外螺旋滚筒3，内螺旋滚筒4，进料口5，外螺杆6，内螺杆7，电机8，热解炭交换口9，支撑架10，炭循环口11，热解炭收集箱12。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作更进一步的说明。
如图1所示，本发明的一种基于热解炭内循环强化传热的双螺旋热解反应器以水平圆柱形的外螺旋滚筒3为主体，在外螺旋滚筒3的左部上端设有热解气出口1，在外螺旋滚筒3的右部上端设有进料口5，右部下端设有热解炭收集箱12，在外螺旋滚筒3外侧安装有电加热装置2，在外螺旋滚筒3的下部设有三个支撑架10支撑整个外螺旋滚筒3；在外螺旋滚筒3内设有两个叶片螺旋方向相反的同轴旋转螺杆即外螺杆6和内螺杆7自左向右贯穿外螺旋滚筒3设置，其中内螺杆7位于中心，在内螺杆7外是内螺旋滚筒4，在内螺旋滚筒4外是外螺杆6，在外螺杆6外是外螺旋滚筒3；热解炭交换口9设置在内螺旋滚筒4左侧，炭循环口11设置在内螺旋滚筒4右侧下端，在外螺旋滚筒3右侧的下端设有热解炭收集箱12；电机8设置在外螺旋滚筒3左侧驱动同轴旋转螺杆即外螺杆6和内螺杆7。基于热解炭内循环强化传热的双螺旋热解反应器工作过程如下：生物质原料由进料口5喂入外螺旋滚筒3，与循环的热解炭混合，按图示方向，在叶片的搅动作用下，混合物不断混合且向左运动，到内螺旋滚筒左侧由热解炭交换口9落入内旋滚筒4。在此混合搅动过程中，生物质发生热解反应，产生的热解气由热解气出口1排出。落入内旋滚筒的热解炭在螺旋的输送作用下，向右运动到达内旋滚筒4的右侧，部分热解炭到内滚筒右侧由热解炭再循环槽11落入外旋滚筒，其余热解炭落入炭收集箱12中。
热解步骤为：
S1、热解器反应器逐渐加热到500℃，并在该温度下保持30分钟，在加热阶段，电机也被打开，设置内外螺旋的转速；
S2、将生物质物料由进料口5喂入外螺旋滚筒，在外螺旋的作用下向反应器左侧运动，同时热解；
S3、步骤S2中得到的热解炭由炭循环口11落入外旋滚筒中与生物质物料加热至500-600℃，重新被输送至热解反应器左侧；
S4、步骤S2中得到的高温其余热解炭由内旋滚筒右侧排到炭收集箱12；
S5、步骤S2中得到的生物油蒸汽由热解气出口排入相应的冷凝装置。
案例一：
原料：稻谷壳
生物质物料为含水率6.7％的稻谷壳，长约30mm，处理量为50kg/h；
处理过程：
稻谷壳由进料口5喂入外螺旋滚筒，设置内外螺旋的转速分别为2转/分钟、8转/分钟，在螺旋的输送作用下，混合物不断混合且向左运动，到内滚筒左侧由热解炭交换口9落入内旋滚筒。落入内旋滚筒的部分物料在螺旋的输送作用下，向右运动，部分物料到内滚筒右侧由炭循环口11落入外旋滚筒，其余物料由内旋滚筒右侧排到炭收集箱12中。
案例二：
原料：小麦秸秆
生物质物料为含水率4.6％的小麦秸秆，经简单破碎处理，长约100mm，处理量为50kg/h；
处理过程：
小麦秸秆由进料口5喂入外螺旋滚筒，设置内外螺旋的转速分别为3转/分钟、10转/分钟，在螺旋的输送作用下，混合物不断混合且向左运动，到内滚筒左侧由热解炭交换口9落入内旋滚筒。落入内旋滚筒的部分物料在螺旋的输送作用下，向右运动，部分物料到内滚筒右侧由炭循环口11落入外旋滚筒，其余物料由内旋滚筒右侧排到炭收集箱12中。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出：对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (4)

  1. 一种基于热解炭内循环强化传热的双螺旋热解反应器，其特征在于该双螺旋热解反应器以水平圆柱形的外螺旋滚筒(3)为主体，在外螺旋滚筒(3)的左部上端设有热解气出口(1)，在外螺旋滚筒(3)的右部上端设有进料口(5)，右部下端设有热解炭收集箱(12)，在外螺旋滚筒(3)外侧安装有电加热装置(2)，在外螺旋滚筒(3)的下部设有三个支撑架(10)支撑整个外螺旋滚筒(3)；在外螺旋滚筒(3)内设有两个叶片螺旋方向相反的同轴旋转螺杆即外螺杆(6)和内螺杆(7)自左向右贯穿外螺旋滚筒(3)设置，其中内螺杆(7)位于中心，在内螺杆(7)外是内螺旋滚筒(4)，在内螺旋滚筒(4)外是外螺杆(6)，在外螺杆(6)外是外螺旋滚筒(3)；热解炭交换口(9)设置在内螺旋滚筒(4)左侧，炭循环口(11)设置在内螺旋滚筒(4)右侧下端，在外螺旋滚筒(3)右侧的下端设有热解炭收集箱(12)；电机(8)设置在外螺旋滚筒(3)左侧驱动同轴旋转螺杆即外螺杆(6)和内螺杆(7)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的基于热解炭内循环强化传热的双螺旋热解反应器，其特征在于，生物质原料由进料口(5)进入外螺旋滚筒(3)，与循环的热解炭混合，在叶片的搅动作用下，生物质原料和热解炭的混合物不断混合且向左运动，到外螺旋滚筒(3)左侧由热解炭交换口(9)落入内螺旋滚筒(4)；在此混合搅动过程中，生物质发生热解反应，产生的热解气由热解气出口(1)排出；落入内螺旋滚筒(4)的热解炭在内旋滚筒螺旋的输送作用下向右运动，到达内螺旋滚筒(4)右侧之后，部分热解炭由炭循环口(11)落入外螺旋滚筒(3)，其余热解炭落入炭收集箱(12)中。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种基于热解炭内循环强化传热的双螺旋热解反应器，其特征在于：所述双螺旋为调速电机带动的两个叶片螺旋方向相反的同轴旋转螺杆，外螺杆(6)左右两端各开有两个槽，热解炭交换口(9)允许热解炭由外螺旋滚筒(3)进入内螺旋滚筒(4)，炭循环口(11)允许部分热解炭由内螺旋滚筒(4)进入外螺旋滚筒(3)，实现热解炭在双螺旋反应器内的循环。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种基于热解炭内循环强化传热的双螺旋热解反应器，其特征在于，结合内部热解炭循环与生物质混合换热以及外部电加热两种加热方式，利用螺旋转速变化影响固体停留时间的特性，使得生物质热解温度在500℃-600℃、固体停留时间为1-30min。
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