WO2021167019A1 - 光ファイバ - Google Patents

光ファイバ Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021167019A1
WO2021167019A1 PCT/JP2021/006199 JP2021006199W WO2021167019A1 WO 2021167019 A1 WO2021167019 A1 WO 2021167019A1 JP 2021006199 W JP2021006199 W JP 2021006199W WO 2021167019 A1 WO2021167019 A1 WO 2021167019A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
optical fiber
core
less
fiber according
sample
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2021/006199
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
洋宇 佐久間
雄揮 川口
鈴木　雅人
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Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
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Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd filed Critical Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
Priority to US17/798,589 priority Critical patent/US11971571B2/en
Priority to EP21756552.2A priority patent/EP4109150A4/en
Priority to JP2022501983A priority patent/JP7666497B2/ja
Priority to CN202180014393.XA priority patent/CN115136047B/zh
Publication of WO2021167019A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021167019A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/02395—Glass optical fibre with a protective coating, e.g. two layer polymer coating deposited directly on a silica cladding surface during fibre manufacture
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/028—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating with core or cladding having graded refractive index
    • G02B6/0281—Graded index region forming part of the central core segment, e.g. alpha profile, triangular, trapezoidal core
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C13/00—Fibre or filament compositions
    • C03C13/04—Fibre optics, e.g. core and clad fibre compositions
    • C03C13/045—Silica-containing oxide glass compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
    • C03C25/10—Coating
    • C03C25/104—Coating to obtain optical fibres
    • C03C25/1065—Multiple coatings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/06—Glass compositions containing silica with more than 90% silica by weight, e.g. quartz
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2201/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C2201/06—Doped silica-based glasses
    • C03C2201/08—Doped silica-based glasses containing boron or halide
    • C03C2201/11—Doped silica-based glasses containing boron or halide containing chlorine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2201/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C2201/06—Doped silica-based glasses
    • C03C2201/08—Doped silica-based glasses containing boron or halide
    • C03C2201/12—Doped silica-based glasses containing boron or halide containing fluorine

Definitions

  • an optical fiber made of silica-based glass to which germanium (Ge) is added to the core is known.
  • germanium (Ge) germanium
  • the Rayleigh scattering loss due to the concentration fluctuation (variation from the average value) of the Ge is large, and the addition of Ge to the core is becoming an obstacle to the reduction of the transmission loss.
  • an optical fiber in which Ge is not added to the core but fluorine (F) is added to the clad is manufactured, for example.
  • the optical fiber of the present disclosure includes a glass portion made of silica-based glass.
  • the glass portion includes a core including a central axis and a clad surrounding the core. Chlorine (Cl) having a mass fraction of 1% or more is added to the core.
  • the clad has a refractive index lower than the maximum index of refraction of the core. Further, the residual stresses are substantially consistent over the entire cross section of the glass portion orthogonal to the central axis.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional structure of an optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a chart showing the specifications of each of the samples 1 to 5 of the optical fiber according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the mass fraction (%) of chlorine (Cl) and the transmission loss (dB / km) for each of Samples 1 to 5.
  • FIG. 4 is a chart showing the specifications of each of the samples 6 to 9 of the optical fiber according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the mass fraction (%) of fluorine (F) and the transmission loss (dB / km) for each of Samples 6 to 9.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional structure of an optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a chart showing the specifications of each of the samples 1 to 5 of the optical fiber according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph showing
  • FIG. 6 is a chart showing the specifications of each of the samples 10 to 13 of the optical fiber according to the embodiment of the present disclosure together with the specifications of the sample 5 (reference).
  • FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the difference (MPa) between the maximum value and the minimum value of the residual stress and the transmission loss (dB / km) for each of the samples 10 to 13 together with the sample 5 (reference).
  • FIG. 8 is a chart showing the specifications of each of the samples 14 to 16 of the optical fiber according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, together with the specifications of the sample 5 (reference).
  • FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the effective cross-sectional area A eff ( ⁇ m) and the transmission loss (dB / km) for each of the samples 14 to 16 together with the sample 5 (reference).
  • FIG. 10 is a chart showing the specifications of each of the samples 17 to 23 of the optical fiber according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, together with the specifications of the sample 5 (reference).
  • FIG. 11 is a graph showing the relationship between the ⁇ value and the transmission loss (dB / km) for each of Samples 17 to 23 together with Sample 5 (reference).
  • FIG. 12 is a chart showing the specifications of each of the samples 24 to 26 of the optical fiber according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, together with the specifications of the sample 5 (reference).
  • FIG. 13 is a graph showing the relationship between the difference in residual stress (MPa) and the transmission loss (dB / km) between specific parts for each of Samples 24 to 26 together with Sample 5 (reference).
  • MPa residual stress
  • dB / km transmission loss
  • FIG. 14 is a chart showing the specifications of each of the samples 27 to 31 of the optical fiber according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, together with the specifications of the sample 5 as a reference example.
  • FIG. 15 is a chart showing the specifications of each of the samples 32 to 38 of the optical fiber according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 16 is a chart showing specifications of each of the samples 39 to 41 of the optical fiber according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the present disclosure has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present disclosure is to provide an optical fiber having a structure capable of reducing an increase in transmission loss.
  • the optical fiber according to the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a glass portion made of silica-based glass as one aspect thereof.
  • the glass portion includes a core including a central axis and a clad surrounding the core. Chlorine (Cl) having a mass fraction of 1% or more is added to the core.
  • the clad has a refractive index lower than the maximum index of refraction of the core.
  • the residual stresses are substantially consistent over the entire cross section of the glass portion orthogonal to the central axis.
  • the "state in which the residual stress is substantially matched" means a state in which the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the residual stress is 230 MPa or less or 200 MPa or less, and further, one aspect of the present disclosure.
  • residual stress refers to axial stress ⁇ z described in Non-Patent Document 2. This is a component of stress parallel to the AX direction acting on the cross section perpendicular to the AX direction in FIG. 1, and if it has a positive value, it is a tensile stress, and if it has a negative value, it is a compressive stress. be.
  • the core may further contain fluorine (F). That is, since the glass viscosity is further reduced by adding an appropriate amount of F, the effect of reducing Rayleigh scattering loss can be obtained.
  • F fluorine
  • the mass fraction of chlorine added to the core may be 1.5% or more. In this case, a further reduction in Rayleigh scattering loss can be obtained.
  • the mass fraction of chlorine added to the core is preferably 5% or less, and more preferably 3% or less. If the mass fraction of chlorine exceeds 5% (or even 3% or more in some cases), bubbles may be generated when chlorine is added, which may make it difficult to manufacture the optical fiber base material.
  • the optical fiber preferably has an effective area A eff of 70 [mu] m 2 or more 150 [mu] m 2 or less. In this case, a sufficient reduction in transmission loss can be expected.
  • the refractive index profile in the core follows the ⁇ -th power profile, and the ⁇ value that defines the shape is preferably 150 or less. This is because when the ⁇ value exceeds 150, the increase in transmission loss becomes remarkable.
  • the ⁇ value is preferably 3 or more and 99 or less. The effect of reducing transmission loss is remarkable in the range of ⁇ value of 60 or more and 80 or less, but the ⁇ value of 3 or more and 99 or less is practical.
  • the average value of the residual stress in the region where the distance from the center of the cross section is 50 ⁇ m or more and 62.5 ⁇ m or less along the radial direction is the center of the cross section. It is preferable that the distance from the distance is lower than the average value of the residual stress in the region of 45 ⁇ m or more and 55 ⁇ m or less along the radial direction.
  • the optical fiber has a microbend loss of 1 dB / km or less at a wavelength of 1550 nm.
  • the increase in transmission loss in the optical fiber after being exposed to a hydrogen atmosphere at a partial pressure of 1.5 kPa and a temperature of 25 ° C. for 720 hours is 0.005 dB / km or less at a wavelength of 1550 nm. Is preferable.
  • the virtual temperature (fictive temperature) to be low (for example, 2000 ° C. or lower)
  • the increase in transmission loss after hydrogen atmosphere treatment is reduced (crystal defects in the glass structure are reduced).
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the structure of the optical fiber according to the present disclosure.
  • the optical fiber 100 is provided on a glass fiber (glass portion) 100a made of silica-based glass, a primary coating 210 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the glass fiber 100a, and an outer peripheral surface of the primary coating 210.
  • a secondary coating 220 and a secondary coating 220 are provided.
  • the glass fiber 100a includes a core 10 including a central axis (optical axis) AX, and a clad 20 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the core. Chlorine (Cl) having a mass fraction of 1% or more is added to the core 10. Further, an appropriate refractive index reducing agent (refractive index reducer) such as F may be added to the clad 20, and the refractive index of the clad 20 is set lower than the maximum refractive index of the core 10.
  • refractive index reducing agent refractive index reducer
  • the primary coating 210 has a thickness of 18 ⁇ m or more and 33 ⁇ m or less (width of the primary coating 210 defined along the radial direction orthogonal to the central axis AX). Further, the primary coating 210 has a Young's modulus of 0.05 MPa or more and 0.6 MPa or less. On the other hand, the secondary coating 220 has a thickness of 20 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less. Further, the secondary coating 220 has a Young's modulus of 1200 MPa or more and 1500 MPa or less.
  • the ratio of the thickness of the primary coating 210 to the thickness of the secondary coating 220 (“primary thickness” / “secondary thickness”) is 0.3 or more and 1.8 or less, preferably 0.9 or more and 1.8 or less.
  • the microbend loss (dB / km) of the optical fiber 100 with the primary coating 210 and the secondary coating 220 provided can be controlled within an appropriate range.
  • FIGS. 2, 4, 6, and 8 the evaluation results of each of the samples 1 to 41 of the optical fiber 100 of the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 16, but as a premise thereof, first, FIGS. 2, 4, 6, and 8 , 10, 12, and 14 to 16, respectively, will be described.
  • F is added to the cladding of the optical fiber according to each sample.
  • Item (1) is the maximum specific refractive index difference (%) of the core in each sample, and is based on the refractive index n 0 of pure silica glass.
  • the specific refractive index difference ⁇ of the portion having the refractive index n is given by the equation (n / n 0) -1.
  • Item (4) is the mass fraction (%) of chlorine (Cl) added into the core in each sample.
  • EPMA Electro Probe Micro Analyzer
  • the measurement conditions are, for example, an acceleration voltage of 20 kV, a probe beam diameter of 1 ⁇ m or less, a measurement interval of 100 nm or less, and a mass fraction obtained using a measured value and a calibration curve obtained in advance.
  • Item (5) is the mass fraction (%) of fluorine (F) added into the core in each sample, and the measurement of the mass fraction (%) is the same as in the case of the above item (4). .. (6)
  • Core outer diameter ( ⁇ m) Item (6) is the outer diameter ( ⁇ m) of the core in each sample.
  • Outer diameter of glass ( ⁇ m) is the outer diameter ( ⁇ m) of the glass portion in each sample, which corresponds to the glass fiber 100a (the portion composed of the core 10 and the clad 20) shown in FIG.
  • Item (8) is the wavelength dispersion (chromatic dispersion, unit: ps / nm / km) of each sample at a wavelength of 1550 nm.
  • FMD ( ⁇ m) Item (9) is the mode field diameter (unit: ⁇ m) of each sample at a wavelength of 1550 nm.
  • a eff ( ⁇ m 2 ) Item (10) is the effective area (unit: ⁇ m 2 ) of each sample at a wavelength of 1550 nm.
  • Item (11) is the cable cutoff wavelength ( ⁇ m) defined in ITU-T G650.1.
  • MFD / ⁇ cc Item (12) is the ratio of “MFD” to “22 m cable cutoff wavelength ⁇ cc”.
  • (13) “Bending loss @ 1550 nm (dB / roll) (bending diameter 30 mm)”: Item (13) is the loss increase (dB / roll) per roll (1 turn) measured when light having a wavelength of 1550 nm is input to each sample wound around a mandrel having a diameter of 30 mm.
  • Item (16) “Difference between maximum and minimum residual stress (MPa)”: Item (16) is a numerical value (MPa) indicating a fluctuation state of residual stress over the entire cross section of the glass portion (corresponding to the glass fiber 100a shown in FIG. 1) of each sample. (17) "Microbend loss (dB / km)”: Item (17) is the microbend loss (dB / km) of each sample. The microbend loss was evaluated with reference to Non-Patent Document 1.
  • Primary thickness ( ⁇ m) Item (18) is the thickness ( ⁇ m) of the primary coating (corresponding to the primary coating 210 shown in FIG. 1) of each sample, that is, the cross-sectional width of the primary coating along the radial direction.
  • Item (19) is the thickness ( ⁇ m) of the secondary coating (corresponding to the secondary coating 220 shown in FIG. 1) of each sample, that is, the cross-sectional width of the secondary coating along the radial direction.
  • Item (23) is the increase in transmission loss (dB / km) at a wavelength of 1550 nm, measured for an optical fiber in which each sample was exposed to a hydrogen atmosphere at a partial pressure of 1.5 kPa and a temperature of 25 ° C. for 720 hours.
  • Item (24) is sandwiched between the inner peripheral portion having a radius of 55 ⁇ m and the outer peripheral portion having a radius of 62.5 ⁇ m in the cross section of each sample (the cross section orthogonal to the axis corresponding to the central axis AX shown in FIG. 1).
  • FIG. 2 is a chart showing the specifications of each of Samples 1 to 5 prepared as the optical fiber according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the mass fraction (%) of chlorine (Cl) and the transmission loss (dB / km) for each of Samples 1 to 5.
  • FIG. 4 is a chart showing the specifications of each of the samples 6 to 9 of the optical fiber according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the mass fraction (%) of fluorine (F) and the transmission loss (dB / km) for each of Samples 6 to 9. All of Samples 6 to 9 are optical fibers in which F is co-added to the core together with Cl having the same concentration.
  • FIG. 6 is a chart showing the specifications of each of the samples 10 to 13 of the optical fiber according to the embodiment of the present disclosure together with the specifications of the sample 5 (reference).
  • FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the difference (MPa) between the maximum value and the minimum value of the residual stress and the transmission loss (dB / km) for each of the samples 10 to 13 together with the sample 5 (reference).
  • FIG. 8 is a chart showing the specifications of each of the samples 14 to 16 of the optical fiber according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, together with the specifications of the sample 5 (reference).
  • FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the effective cross-sectional area A eff ( ⁇ m) and the transmission loss (dB / km) for each of the samples 14 to 16 together with the sample 5 (reference).
  • FIG. 10 is a chart showing the specifications of each of the samples 17 to 23 of the optical fiber according to the embodiment of the present disclosure together with the specifications of the sample 5 (reference). Further, FIG. 11 is a graph showing the relationship between the ⁇ value and the transmission loss (dB / km) for each of Samples 17 to 23 together with Sample 5 (reference).
  • the transmission loss is most reduced in the range where the ⁇ value is 60 or more and 80 or less.
  • the transmission loss tends to increase in both the case where the ⁇ value becomes smaller than this range and the case where the ⁇ value becomes larger. It is considered that the increase in the transmission loss when the ⁇ value becomes small is due to the increase in the glass viscosity in the outer peripheral portion of the core because the Cl concentration in the outer peripheral portion of the core decreases. That is, it is considered that the Rayleigh scattering loss increases due to the increase in glass viscosity at the outer peripheral portion of the core.
  • the reason for the increase in transmission loss when the ⁇ value increases is unknown, but the cause is, for example, the generation of microbubbles near the interface due to the increase in Cl concentration at the interface between the core and the cladding. Can be guessed. That is, the phenomenon that the Rayleigh scattering loss increases due to the interface mismatch is presumed to be the cause of the increase in the transmission loss.
  • each sample drawn from the drawing furnace was slowly cooled using a heat insulating furnace. The temperature of the heat insulation furnace is different for each sample.
  • FIG. 12 is a chart showing the specifications of each of the samples 24 to 26 of the optical fiber according to the embodiment of the present disclosure together with the specifications of the sample 5 (reference).
  • FIG. 13 is a graph showing the relationship between the difference in residual stress (MPa) and the transmission loss (dB / km) between specific parts for each of Samples 24 to 26 together with Sample 5 (reference).
  • the "difference in residual stress between specific parts” is determined from the average value of residual stress (45-55 average value) in the region where the distance from the center of the cross section is 45 ⁇ m or more and 55 ⁇ m or less along the radial direction from the center of the cross section. It is a difference value obtained by subtracting the average value (55-62.5 average value) of the residual stress in the region where the distance is 55 ⁇ m or more and 62.5 ⁇ m or less along the radial direction.
  • the difference value defined by "(45-55 average value)-(55-62.5 average value)" is preferably 20 MPa or more.
  • FIG. 14 is a chart showing the specifications of each of the samples 27 to 31 of the optical fiber according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, together with the specifications of the sample 5 (reference).
  • FIG. 15 is a chart showing the specifications of each of the samples 32 to 38 of the optical fiber according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the microbend loss of samples 32 to 38 is additionally displayed.
  • the thickness "primary thickness” of the primary coating and the thickness “secondary thickness” of the secondary coating are similar, and the relationship between their Young's modulus and microbend loss can be obtained. ..
  • the Young's modulus "Primary Young's modulus” of the primary coating is larger than 0.5 MPa and the Young's modulus “Secondary Young's modulus” of the secondary coating is larger than 500 MPa, the microbend loss can be suppressed to 1 dB / km or less.
  • FIG. 16 is a chart showing specifications of each of the optical fiber samples 39 to 41 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure. Comparing Samples 39 to 41 in which the Young's modulus of the primary coating and the Young's modulus of the secondary coating shown in FIG. 16 were fixed and the thicknesses of these coatings were changed, when the outer diameter of the primary coating was smaller than 160 ⁇ m ( Sample 39: 161 ⁇ m, Sample 40: 161 ⁇ m, Sample 41: 141 ⁇ m), the microbend loss is larger than 1 dB / km.
  • the microbend loss becomes larger than 1 dB / km. Comparing Samples 39 to 41, the microbend loss can be reduced when the "coating thickness ratio" is greater than 0.3.
  • 10 core, 20 ... clad, 100 ... optical fiber, 100a ... glass fiber (glass part), 210 ... primary coating, 220 ... secondary coating.

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  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
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PCT/JP2021/006199 2020-02-21 2021-02-18 光ファイバ Ceased WO2021167019A1 (ja)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US17/798,589 US11971571B2 (en) 2020-02-21 2021-02-18 Optical fiber
EP21756552.2A EP4109150A4 (en) 2020-02-21 2021-02-18 Optical fiber
JP2022501983A JP7666497B2 (ja) 2020-02-21 2021-02-18 光ファイバ
CN202180014393.XA CN115136047B (zh) 2020-02-21 2021-02-18 光纤

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JP2020028324 2020-02-21
JP2020-028324 2020-02-21

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CN115190871A (zh) * 2020-01-17 2022-10-14 康宁股份有限公司 具有低损耗和微弯曲敏感度的涂层直径减小的氯掺杂二氧化硅光纤

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