WO2021157976A1

WO2021157976A1 - Apparatus and method for reducing fine particle concentration

Info

Publication number: WO2021157976A1
Application number: PCT/KR2021/001290
Authority: WO
Inventors: 김재현; 이상원; 배인식; 김하남
Original assignee: 주식회사 이서
Priority date: 2020-02-03
Filing date: 2021-02-01
Publication date: 2021-08-12

Abstract

One aspect of the present invention relates to an apparatus for reducing fine particle concentration, comprising: a nozzle housing for accommodating fuel therein; a flame nozzle assembly including a fuel outlet through which the fuel is discharged, and an air inlet into which air to be mixed with the fuel is introduced; a fuel supply module for supplying the fuel to the flame nozzle assembly; an electrode located inside the nozzle housing of the flame nozzle assembly; a power source for supplying power to the apparatus for reducing fine particle concentration; and a controller for reducing the fine particle concentration of a target area through the flame nozzle assembly by using the power source.

Description

Apparatus and method for reducing fine particle concentration

The present invention relates to an apparatus for managing the concentration of fine particles, and more particularly, to an apparatus for managing the concentration of fine particles by forming an electric field in a target area.

Recently, the risk of harmful components in the air is emerging due to the development of manufacturing industry and the increase of industrial waste. In particular, in the case of fine dust or ultra-fine dust moving in the wind, it is not sufficiently filtered even when wearing a mask, which can lead to serious respiratory diseases in vulnerable groups such as children and the elderly.

The conventional air circulation and collection method sucks ambient air containing fine dust, and has a problem of low energy efficiency due to non-selective treatment. In addition, the purified clean air is mixed with the polluted air, and only the same air is purified in the same place. When a high-density filter is used, the removal rate of fine dust is increased, but the pressure loss is large.

Conventional reactant spraying methods include a sprinkling method and an artificial rainfall method. The sprinkling method provides a low ultra-fine dust reduction effect even when a large amount of water is sprayed. In addition, in the conventional artificial rainfall method, the effect of removing fine dust is expressed only when there is a large amount of precipitation. In the present specification, a method for reducing the concentration of harmful substances in the air while overcoming these problems is proposed.

One object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and method for reducing the concentration of fine particles in a target region.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and method for reducing the concentration of fine particles in a target area without generating by-products harmful to the human body, such as ozone.

The problem to be solved by the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned problems, and the problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs from the present specification and the accompanying drawings. .

According to an aspect of the present invention, in the device for reducing the concentration of fine particles in a target area, the device includes: a nozzle housing for accommodating fuel flowing in from one end; A flame nozzle assembly including a fuel outlet formed and the fuel is ejected and an air inlet through which air mixed with the fuel is introduced, a fuel supply module for supplying the fuel to the flame nozzle assembly, and the nozzle housing of the flame nozzle assembly an electrode positioned within, a power source for supplying power to the device, and a controller for reducing the concentration of fine particles in the target area through the flame nozzle assembly using the power source, wherein the electrode is generated by combustion of the fuel at least partially in contact with a flame, wherein the controller provides the fuel to the fuel outlet through the fuel supply module, and the controller includes the flame nozzle assembly in the combustion active state in which the fuel is burned. A device for reducing the concentration of fine particles in the target region may be reduced by supplying a material having a negative charge to the target region by applying a high negative voltage to the electrode.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a nozzle housing for accommodating fuel flowing in from one end, a fuel outlet formed around the other end opposite to the one end and from which the fuel is ejected, and air through which the air mixed with the fuel is introduced a flame nozzle assembly including an inlet, a fuel supply module for supplying the fuel to the flame nozzle assembly, an electrode positioned within the nozzle housing of the flame nozzle assembly - the electrode is at least partially in contact with a flame generated by combustion of the fuel -, the fine particle concentration of the target area using a fine particle concentration reduction device comprising a power supply for supplying power and a controller for reducing the fine particle concentration of the target area through the flame nozzle assembly using the power source In the method for reducing the fine particle concentration, the controller provides the fuel to the fuel outlet through the fuel supply module, the controller applies a first high voltage to the flame nozzle assembly to the flame nozzle assembly changing to a combustion active state in which the fuel is burned at the fuel jet, and when the flame nozzle assembly is in the combustion active state, applying a second high voltage to the electrode to generate a negative charge on the target region There may be provided a method for reducing the concentration of fine particles comprising the step of supplying a material having a

Solutions of the present invention are not limited to the above-described solutions, and solutions not mentioned will be clearly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs from the present specification and the accompanying drawings. will be able

According to the present invention, an apparatus and method for efficiently managing air quality in a wide area can be provided.

According to the present invention, an apparatus and method for managing outdoor air quality can be provided.

According to the present invention, an apparatus and method for environmentally friendly management of air quality can be provided.

According to the present invention, an apparatus and method for reducing the air concentration of particles having a size below a certain level can be provided.

The effects of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned effects, and the effects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs from the present specification and the accompanying drawings.

1 is a view for explaining the particle concentration reduction operation described in the present specification.

2 is a view for explaining the particle concentration reduction operation described in the present specification.

3 is a view for explaining the particle concentration reduction operation described in the present specification.

4 is a view for explaining the particle concentration reduction operation described in the present specification.

5 is a view for explaining the particle concentration reduction operation described in the present specification.

6 is a diagram for illustratively explaining an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

7 is a view for explaining the apparatus 200 for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the present invention described herein.

8 is a view for explaining an apparatus 300 for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the present invention.

9 is a view for explaining a measuring device for acquiring operation information of the fine particle concentration reduction device described in the present specification.

10 is a view for explaining a current measurement result according to the apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the present invention described herein.

11 is a view for explaining an apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to some embodiments of the invention described herein.

12 is a view for explaining a current measurement result according to the device for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the present invention described herein.

13 is a view for explaining an apparatus 500 for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the present invention.

14 is a view for explaining an apparatus 600 for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the present invention.

15 is a view for explaining an apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the present invention described herein.

16 is a view for explaining a current measurement result according to an apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the present invention.

17 is a view for explaining a current measurement result according to the apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the present invention.

18 is a view for explaining some embodiments of the apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to the invention described herein.

19 is a view for explaining a current measurement result according to the apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the present invention described herein.

20 is a view for explaining some embodiments of the apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to the invention described herein.

21 is a view for explaining current measurement according to the apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the present invention.

22 is a view for explaining an apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the present invention.

23 is a view for explaining an embodiment of the apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to the invention described herein.

24 is a view for explaining some embodiments of the apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to the invention described herein.

25 is a view for explaining a current measurement result according to an apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the present invention.

26 shows some embodiments of a nozzle housing that can be used in the apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the invention described herein.

27 is a view for explaining an apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the present invention.

28 is a view for explaining an apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the present invention.

29 is a view for explaining an apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the present invention.

30 is a view for explaining a method of emitting current using a flame nozzle described herein.

31 is a view for explaining a method of emitting current using a flame nozzle described herein.

32 is a view for explaining an operation of reducing the fine particle concentration of the target region TR by using the fine particle concentration reducing apparatus 1700 described herein.

33 is a view for explaining an operation of reducing the fine particle concentration of the target region TR by using the fine particle concentration reducing apparatus 1700 described herein.

34 is a view for explaining an operation of reducing the fine particle concentration of the target region TR by using the fine particle concentration reducing apparatus 1700 described herein.

35 is a view for explaining an operation of reducing the fine particle concentration of the target region TR by using the fine particle concentration reducing apparatus 1700 described herein.

36 is a flowchart for explaining an embodiment of a method for reducing the concentration of fine particles in the air.

37 is a flowchart for explaining an embodiment of a method for reducing the concentration of fine particles in the air.

38 is a view for explaining some embodiments of a method for reducing the concentration of fine particles.

39 is a flowchart for explaining an embodiment of a method for reducing the concentration of fine particles in the air.

40 is a flowchart illustrating a method of reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment.

41 is a flowchart for explaining an embodiment of a method for reducing the concentration of fine particles in the air.

42 is a flowchart for explaining an embodiment of a method for managing an apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles in the air.

43 is a flowchart for explaining an embodiment of a method of managing an apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles in the air.

44 is a flowchart for explaining an embodiment of a method for managing space charge density around a nozzle in air.

45 is a diagram for explaining a method of controlling a device according to time.

46 is a view for explaining a method for managing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment.

47 is a view for explaining an embodiment of a voltage applied to an electrode positioned in a nozzle of the apparatus and a current output from the nozzle;

48 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of a voltage applied to an electrode positioned in a nozzle of the apparatus and a current output from the nozzle.

49 is a view for explaining a method of managing the concentration of fine particles in the air.

50 is a view for explaining a system for reducing fine particles according to an embodiment of the invention described herein.

51 is a view for explaining the operation of the fine particle concentration reduction system according to an embodiment of the present specification.

52 is a view for explaining the operation of the fine particle concentration reduction system according to an embodiment of the present specification.

53 is a view for explaining the operation of the fine particle concentration reduction system according to an embodiment of the present specification.

54 is a view for explaining the operation of the fine particle concentration reduction system according to an embodiment of the present specification.

55 is a view for explaining a fine particle reduction system according to an embodiment of the invention described herein.

56 is a view for explaining a system for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the invention described herein.

57 is a view for explaining an embodiment of the fine particle concentration reduction system for reducing the indoor fine particle concentration.

58 is a flowchart for explaining an embodiment of a method for installing a fine particle concentration reduction device described herein.

59 is a flowchart for explaining an embodiment of a method for managing the apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles described in the present specification.

60 is a view for explaining an embodiment of the apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles described in the present specification.

61 is a view for explaining an embodiment of the apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles described in the present specification.

62 is a view for explaining an embodiment of the apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles described in the present specification.

The above-described objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, since the present invention may have various changes and may have various embodiments, specific embodiments will be exemplified in the drawings and described in detail below.

In the drawings, the thicknesses of layers and regions are exaggerated for clarity, and an element or layer is also referred to as “on” or “on” another component or layer. It includes all cases where another layer or other component is interposed in the middle as well as directly on top of another component or layer. Throughout the specification, like reference numerals refer to like elements in principle. In addition, components having the same function within the scope of the same idea shown in the drawings of each embodiment will be described using the same reference numerals.

If it is determined that a detailed description of a known function or configuration related to the present invention may unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted. In addition, numbers (eg, first, second, etc.) used in the description process of the present specification are only identification symbols for distinguishing one component from other components.

In addition, the suffixes "module" and "part" for the components used in the following description are given or mixed in consideration of the ease of writing the specification, and do not have a meaning or role distinct from each other by themselves.

The method according to the embodiment may be implemented in the form of program instructions that can be executed through various computer means and recorded in a computer-readable medium. The computer-readable medium may include program instructions, data files, data structures, etc. alone or in combination. The program instructions recorded on the medium may be specially designed and configured for the embodiment, or may be known and available to those skilled in the art of computer software. Examples of the computer-readable recording medium include magnetic media such as hard disks, floppy disks and magnetic tapes, optical media such as CD-ROMs and DVDs, and magnetic such as floppy disks. - includes magneto-optical media, and hardware devices specially configured to store and carry out program instructions, such as ROM, RAM, flash memory, and the like. Examples of program instructions include not only machine language codes such as those generated by a compiler, but also high-level language codes that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter or the like. The hardware devices described above may be configured to operate as one or more software modules to perform the operations of the embodiments, and vice versa.

1. Overview

1.1 Purpose

In this specification, the invention related to a method, apparatus, system, etc. for reducing the concentration of particles suspended in air in a target region using an electric field will be described with reference to some embodiments. Hereinafter, a method, apparatus, and system for reducing the concentration of a target particle in a target region by emitting charged particles will be described with reference to some embodiments.

When the microparticles are suspended in the air in a large target area, it may be difficult to remove them by chemical or physical methods. For example, when fine dust of a certain size (for example, 2.5 PM) is distributed over a certain concentration in the target area, the purification effect of ultrafine dust through watering treatment is very insignificant. The efficiency of the purification used can be very low. Hereinafter, methods, apparatuses, and systems that can be used for wide-area air quality management in various environments, including the cases exemplified herein, will be described with reference to some embodiments.

1.2 Overview of the operation

The method, apparatus, system, etc. for reducing the density of particles suspended in the air in the target area described in this specification can achieve the desired density reduction effect by forcibly moving the particles from the target area using an electrostatic phenomenon. there is. Here, an example of such a particle concentration reduction operation is given and described.

The operation of reducing the particle concentration described herein may include supplying electric charges to the target region in order to reduce the distribution concentration of target particles in the target region (or target space). The operation of reducing the particle concentration may include supplying a charged material to form an electric field in the target region. The operation of reducing the particle concentration may include supplying a material having a charge of a specific polarity to the target region to charge the fine particles of the target region with the same polarity as the charged material. The operation of reducing the particle concentration may include maintaining an electric field in the target region so that the fine particles having the same polarity are pushed out of the target region. The reduction of the particle concentration may include supplying a material having a charge to the target area to form an electric field in the target area, and providing an electric force through the electric field to fine particles positioned in the target area and having a charge.

1 to 5 are diagrams for explaining the particle concentration reduction operation described in the present specification. 1 to 5 , the particle concentration reduction operation described in this specification may be performed by the apparatus 100 for forming an electric field.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the particle concentration reduction operation described herein may include supplying a material CS having a charge to the device 100 . The device 100 may emit or generate a charged material CS. Supplying the charged material CS to the device 100 may be performed using various methods.

For example, the device 100 may use a combustion reaction to supply the charged material CS. For example, the apparatus 100 may include a combustion means for performing a combustion reaction, and may include a voltage applying means coupled to a position of the combustion means to apply a high voltage. The device 100 may ionize a material through a combustion operation of the combustion unit, and may supply a material CS having a specific polarity to the target region through a voltage application unit.

As a specific example, apparatus 100 may include a torch that is supplied with fuel and combusts the fuel to produce a flame. Device 100 may include an electrode coupled to a torch. In this case, the device 100 may supply a material CS having a specific polarity to the target region through a torch forming a flame and an electrode to which a high voltage is applied. A specific embodiment of the device will be described in more detail in the section of the device for reducing the concentration of fine particles below.

The device 100 may supply a charged material CS into the atmosphere. The device 100 may supply a charged material CS through combustion. For example, the device 100 promotes oxidation of a material through combustion, but collects a material having a specific polarity through an electrode to which a high voltage is applied, thereby supplying a charge having a polarity different from a specific polarity to the target region. can

The charged material CS supplied to the device 100 may be a liquid or solid material including charges, ions, or the like supplied from the device 100 . For example, the charged material CS may be a negatively or positively charged ion. Alternatively, the charged material CS supplied to the device 100 may include a charge transfer material that acquires the charge supplied by the device and transfers it to the fine particles FP.

The particle concentration reduction operation described herein may include transferring an electric charge to the fine particles FP floating in the air, directly or indirectly, through the charged material CS by the device 100 . .

According to an embodiment, the device 100 may supply a material CS having a charge by the device 100 to transfer at least a portion of the charge to the charge transfer material or the fine particles FP in the atmosphere. For example, the device 100 may supply the charged material CS to charge the charge transfer material in the target region, and indirectly provide electric charge to the fine particles FP through the charged charge transfer material. Alternatively, the device 100 supplies the charged material CS so that the fine particles FP receive a charge from the charged material CS and are charged, so that the fine particles FP are directly charged. can provide

The device 100 may charge at least a portion of the fine particles FP in the target region TR to have a negative or positive charge through the charged material CS. For example, if the charged material CS supplied by the device 100 is negatively charged, the charged material CS directly or can be transmitted indirectly. For example, the charged material CS transfers a negative charge by directly contacting the microparticle FP, or transfers a negative charge to the charge transfer material in contact with the microparticle FP to transfer a negative charge. can

The fine particles FP are the charged material CS supplied by the device 100, for example, the charged material CS or the charges in the air that have been transferred from the charged material CS. A negative charge or a positive charge is transferred from the transfer component and may be charged.

The charge transport material may refer to a material that transports electrons or charges. The charge transfer material may refer to a material that receives a charge contained in the material CS having a charge and directly or indirectly transfers the charge to the fine particles FP. According to an embodiment, the charge transfer material may be a gaseous material constituting the air of the target region TR, or the charge transfer material may be a material having a charge CS or a material having a charge CS It may be a material, which acquires a material having an electric charge contained in it. The charge transport material may be a material not provided by the device 100 . Alternatively, the charge transfer material may be provided separately by the device 100 . The charge transfer material may refer to a material, particle, molecule, ion, etc. included in the target region TR. For example, the charge transfer material may be a molecule (eg, oxygen molecule) of a given material suspended in the target region.

The target region TR may refer to a region or a space subject to a reduction in the distribution concentration of the fine particles FP. The target region TR may mean a three-dimensional space. The target area TR may be a space defined by a physical boundary example. The target area TR may be a space defined by a virtual boundary. The target region TR may be a region determined to have a predetermined geometric shape with respect to the device. For example, the target region TR may be a hemispherical or deformed hemispherical region having a predetermined radius with respect to the device.

The distribution concentration of the fine particles FP may mean the mass of the fine particles FP included in a unit volume of air. Alternatively, the distribution concentration of the fine particles FP may refer to the volume of the fine particles FP included in the unit volume of air. The distribution concentration of the fine particles FP may be replaced by another parameter indicating the degree to which the fine particles FP are included in a predetermined volume.

According to one embodiment, the operation of reducing the concentration of the fine particles described herein may include supplying an electric current to the target area using a means for the apparatus 100 to form a flame. Hereinafter, the supply of electric charge through combustion will be described with reference to FIG. 2 .

Referring to FIG. 2 , the device 100 according to an embodiment may supply a material having a charge, for example, a material NS having a negative charge, to a target region through a combustion operation. Hereinafter, the negatively charged material NS may mean negatively charged or negatively charged gas, liquid, or solid particles. Hereinafter, the negatively charged material NS may be a material emitted from the device 100 or a material that has obtained a negative charge from the material emitted from the device 100 .

Device 100 is capable of burning fuel. The device 100 may supply electric charges to the target region TR by using a combustion reaction. Device 100 may generate negative ions and/or positive ions through combustion operation. The device 100 may supply electric charges to the target region TR through positive ions and electrons generated through a combustion reaction of the hydrocarbon compound. The device 100 may selectively supply some of the positive ions and electrons generated through the combustion reaction of the hydrocarbon compound to the target region TR. The device 100 may supply some of negative ions and positive ions to the target region through an electrode to which a high voltage is applied. For example, the device 100 may supply a material NS having a negative charge to the target region by using an electrode to which a negative high voltage is applied.

As a specific example, the device 100 may burn a hydrocarbon compound (CH + O -> CHO + + e) to generate electrons and cations (CHO cations). For example, the device 100 may apply a high negative voltage to the electrode so that butane is burned and electrons among the generated positive ions and electrons are supplied to the target region.

2 , the device 100 may supply a material NS having a negative charge to the target region to form a space charge SC in the target region. The device 100 may supply the material NS having a negative charge to the target region to negatively charge the fine particles FP located in the target region. The device 100 may supply a negatively charged material NS to the target region to maintain the space charge SC located in the target region, thereby providing an electric force to the charged fine particles FP. there is.

Meanwhile, the combustion operation described in FIG. 2 is only an embodiment for supplying electric charge to the target region, and the content of the present invention is not limited thereto. The invention described herein may be implemented using other types of charge supply methods.

The particle concentration reduction operation described herein may include the apparatus 100 outputting a current to the target region TR. The device 100 may output a current to the target region TR through the above-described combustion operation. When the device 100 outputs a current, it may mean that a negative or positive charge is supplied from the device 100 . For example, when the device 100 outputs a current, it may mean that the charged material CS supplied by the device 100 is negatively or positively charged.

The particle concentration reduction operation described herein may include at least partially charging the fine particles FP in the target region TR. The fine particles FP in the target region TR may directly or indirectly acquire at least a portion of the charges emitted from the device. Fine particles (FP) may be understood as a term encompassing small-sized particles. The fine particle FP may mean a specific type of particle to be removed. The fine particles FP may be dust particles floating in the air of the target area TR. The fine particles (FP) may refer to Total Suspended Particles (TSP), Particulate Matter (PM), and/or ultrafine particles (PM2.5 or less). The fine particles (FP) may be understood as ultrafine dust (eg, PM2.5 or 2.5 μm in diameter or less) of a predetermined size or less. The fine particles FP are harmful substances in the target region TR and may be understood as suspended substances whose concentration is to be reduced.

The fine particles FP may include at least one of an ionic component, a carbon component, and a metal component. For example, the fine particles FP may include ionic components such as chlorine ions (Cl-), nitrates (NO3 − ), ammonium (NH4 + ), sulfates (SO4 2−), and sodium ions (Na+). The fine particles FP may include a metal component such as chromium (Cr), beryllium (Be), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), or titanium (Ti).

The fine particles FP may contact or bond with a charged material or a charge transfer material. The fine particles FP may receive charge from a charged material or a charge transfer material.

The device 100 may charge the fine particles FP. The fine particles FP, fine dust, may be charged by a field charging mechanism or a diffusion charging mechanism. In other words, the fine particles FP may be charged by a field charging mechanism in which charged particles moving by an electric field meet fine dust and charge the fine dust. Alternatively, the fine particles FP may be charged by a diffusion charging mechanism in which the fine dust is charged by a random motion of the charged particles.

Referring to FIG. 3 , the fine particle concentration reduction operation described herein may include, by the device 100 , forming a space charge or an electric field in the target region TR. Hereinafter, a case in which the device 100 supplies a negative charge or a material NS having a negative charge to the target region TR will be described with reference to FIG. 3 .

The device 100 may supply a material NS having a negative charge to the target region TR to form a space charge. Negatively charged material NS supplied by device 100 may transfer negative charge directly or to another material (charge transfer material, such as molecular oxygen) to form a space charge. The device 100 may supply the material NS having a negative charge to form space charges having a non-uniform charge density on the target region TR.

The device 100 may supply electric charges to the target region TR by using a combustion reaction. The device 100 may supply electric charges to the target region TR through positive ions and electrons generated through a combustion reaction of the hydrocarbon compound. The device 100 may selectively supply some of the positive ions and electrons generated through the combustion reaction of the hydrocarbon compound to the target region TR. The device 100 may selectively supply some of the positive ions and electrons generated through the combustion reaction of the hydrocarbon compound to the target region TR through an electrode to which a high voltage is applied. The device 100 may remove cations generated through a combustion reaction of a hydrocarbon compound through an electrode to which a negative voltage is applied, and supply negative charges to the target region TR.

The charge density may mean a volumetric charge density, that is, an amount of charge present per unit volume (C/m ^{3 ).} The space charge can affect the behavior of the fine particles (FP). For example, the device 100 may continuously supply a material NS having a negative charge to form space charges having a high charge density around the device and a decrease in the charge density as the distance from the device increases. The space charge formed by the device 100 may form an electric field in the target region TR.

The device 100 may continuously or repeatedly supply a material NS having a negative charge to form an electric field EFL in the target region TR. For example, the device 100 may form an electric field in a device direction from the ground GND. The device 100 may generate an electric field in a direction from the ground GND toward the device 100 by emitting the material NS having a negative charge.

As an example, the device 100 continuously supplies a material NS having a negative charge to the target region TR to form an electric field with a high intensity around the device and a weaker strength as the distance from the device increases. can The device 100 may form an electric field by supplying a material NS having a negative charge to form a space charge.

The apparatus 100 may adjust the intensity, direction, characteristics, and distribution range of the electric field formed in the target region TR. For example, the device 100 adjusts the current supplied to the target region TR so that an electric field of an appropriate level for causing the fine particle concentration to fall below a target value within a predetermined time is formed in the spatial range in which the fine particle concentration is to be reduced. can The device 100 adjusts the current supplied to the target region TR by adjusting the amount of fuel consumed per time, the magnitude of the applied voltage, the number of activated nozzles, and (optionally) the amount of ejected air. can By controlling the current supplied to the target region TR, the characteristics of the electric field may be adjusted. In this regard, it will be described in more detail in the operation section of the device below.

The device 100 may control, in detail, characteristics of the space charge distributed in the target region TR, for example, the range, density, intensity, and the like of the space charge. The device 100 may control the space charge characteristics by adjusting the amount of current supplied to the target region TR. For example, the device 100 may measure the amount of fuel consumed per hour, the magnitude of the voltage applied, the number of nozzles activated, (optionally) the amount of jetted air, the mixing ratio of jetted air and fuel, and the spacing between the nozzles. The characteristic of the space charge distributed in the target region TR may be adjusted by changing the amount of current supplied to the target region TR by adjusting the control and the like.

Meanwhile, the operation of reducing the concentration of fine particles may include charging the fine particles distributed in the target area. The device 100 may supply the material CS having a negative charge to the target region TR to charge the fine particles FP distributed in the target region to have a negative charge. The device 100 may supply the material CS having a negative charge to the target region TR to charge the fine particles FP distributed in the target region TR to have a negative charge. The device 100 may supply a material CS having a negative charge to the target region TR to form a space charge in the target region TR, and negatively charge the fine particles FP through the space charge. there is.

Referring to FIG. 4 , the fine particle concentration reduction operation described herein may further include reducing the fine particle concentration FP in the target region TR. The particle concentration reduction operation may include at least partially reducing the concentration of the fine particles FP in the target region TR by forming an electric field (or space charge) in the target region TR.

The particle concentration reduction operation may include, in the device 100, directly or indirectly participating in the movement of the charged fine particles FP to decrease the concentration or absolute amount of the fine particles FP in the target region TR. there is. For example, the device 100 may reduce the concentration or absolute amount of the fine particles FP by forming and maintaining an electric field in the target region TR. The device 100 may continuously or repeatedly supply a material NS having a negative charge to the target region TR in order to maintain the electric field.

The operation of reducing the fine particle concentration may include the apparatus 100 maintaining an electric field in the target region TR to reduce the fine particle concentration FP in the target region TR. Maintaining the electric field by the device 100 may include maintaining a state in which an electric field of a predetermined strength or more is formed in the target region TR. Maintaining the electric field by the device 100 may mean supplying a charged material to the target region TR to maintain a state in which a gradient of charge density exists in the target region TR. there is. The device 100 may continuously or repeatedly emit a material NS having a negative charge to the target region TR to maintain an electric field in the target region TR.

The device 100 may maintain an electric field in the target region TR to gradually decrease the density of the fine particles FP in the target region TR. The device 100 may maintain an electric field in the target region TR to maintain the density of the fine particles FP in the target region TR below a predetermined level.

The particle concentration reduction operation may include, by the apparatus 100, adjusting a maintenance state of the electric field. The device 100 may adjust the state of the electric field. The device 100 may maintain the electric field for a predetermined time or longer in order to reduce the concentration of the fine particles FP in the target region TR. As an example, the apparatus 100 may adjust the duration of the electric field according to the concentration of the fine particles FP in the target region TR. The device 100 may adjust the maintenance state of the electric field in consideration of external conditions. As an example, the device 100 may adjust the duration of the electric field, the maintenance period, and the like in consideration of environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity, and altitude of the target region TR.

The particle concentration reduction operation may include, by the apparatus 100 , pushing at least some of the charged fine particles FP in the target region TR out of the target region TR. For example, the device 100 may maintain an electric field by continuously outputting negative or positive charges to the target region TR so that the fine particles FP charged with negative (or positive) charges are repelled by the repulsive force. there is.

As a specific example, when the device 100 continuously or repeatedly emits a material having a negative charge to form an electric field, the fine particles FP at least partially charged by the negative charge emitted from the device 100 are formed. It may move to the outside of the target region TR along the electric field EFL. The device 100 maintains a space charge by continuously supplying a material NS having a negative charge to the target region TR, and a direction away from the device 100 to the fine particles FP through the space charge. can provide electrical power. The device 100 may continuously supply the negatively charged material NS to the target region TR to move the negatively charged fine particles FP away from the device.

The electric field (or space charge) formed by the device 100 may affect the behavioral properties of the fine particles FP. For example, the strength of the formed electric field may affect the movement speed of the fine particles FP. At this time, the charged fine particles FP may move under the influence of an electric field or space charge, and may move faster near a device having a strong electric field (or a high density of space charge) than at a location far from the device. In other words, the fine particles (FP) closer to the device may be pushed out at a faster moving speed than the fine particles (FP) farther from the device. Accordingly, the concentration of the fine particles FP from around the device 100 may be reduced.

As another example, the direction of the formed electric field may affect the movement direction of the fine particles FP. For example, the behavior of the charged fine particles may be controlled by using a counter electrode other than the ground. The counter electrode may be an electrode to which a voltage different from that of the electrode of the device 100 is applied. Alternatively, the counter electrode may be a topography or structure serving as the counter electrode by forming space charges.

Referring to FIG. 5 , the particle concentration reduction operation described herein may further include, by the apparatus 100 , removing the fine particles FP in the target region TR. In the particle concentration reduction operation, the device 100 discharges charges to the target region TR to maintain the distribution of space charges, and at least a portion of the fine particles FP floating in the target region TR through the space charges. This may include removing

As a specific example, the device 100 may supply a material NS having a negative charge to the target region TR to form a space charge, and maintain a state in which the space charge is formed in the target region TR for a predetermined time or longer. Accordingly, the charged fine particles FP of the target region TR may be charged by the space charge formed by the device 100 and may be affected by the electric force caused by the space charge. The charged fine particles FP may be moved by electric force, gravity, or the like by the device 100 .

The charged fine particles FP may be pushed out of the target region TR. The charged fine particles FP may be moved out of the target area TR or may be moved toward the ground GND or a target object (eg, an outer wall of a building within the target area). The charged fine particles FP may reach the ground GND or the target object, and may lose electric charge by being grounded. The fine particles FP may be changed to an electrically neutral state by contacting the ground GND or the target object. The fine particles FP may be changed to an electrically neutral state by contacting the ground GND or the target object, and may be removed by being attached to the ground GND or the target object. In the fine particle reduction operation, the ground (GND) or a target object connected to the ground (GND) may function as a main loss channel.

In the above, with respect to the operation of reducing the fine particle concentration, the fine particles FP are charged by the current supplied by the device 100 , and the charged fine particles FP are charged with the current supplied by the device 100 . A case in which the target region TR is pushed out by the influence of the electric field formed in the target region TR has been described as an example. However, the operation of reducing the fine particle concentration described in the present specification is not limited thereto.

The reduction operation of the particle concentration described in the present specification maintains an electric field in the target region TR by supplying an electric current, and has various forms such that the fine particles FP in the target region TR are at least partially moved under the influence of the electric field. can be implemented as Hereinafter, with respect to the apparatus, system, and method for performing the above-exemplified operation of reducing the particle concentration, some embodiments will be described in more detail.

2. Fine particle concentration reduction device

2.1 Definition

Here, as an embodiment of the invention described herein, an apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles will be described. According to an embodiment, the device may output negative or positive charges to form an electric field around the device in order to reduce the concentration of fine particles in the target region.

The device may perform the fine dust reduction operation described above. The device may output negative or positive charges in the target area, form an electric field in the target area, and reduce the concentration of fine dust in the target area.

2.2 Device Configuration

2.2.1 Composition of Fine Particle Concentration Reduction Device General

According to the invention described herein, an apparatus 100 for reducing the concentration of fine particles may be provided.

6 is a diagram for illustratively explaining the apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the invention described herein. Referring to FIG. 6 , the device 100 according to an embodiment includes a fuel storage unit 110 , a fuel supply unit 120 , a combustion unit 130 , a high voltage application unit 140 , a sensor unit 150 , and a communication unit ( 160 ), a power supply unit 170 , and a control unit 180 .

The fuel storage unit 110 may store fuel used to supply a material having an electric charge. The fuel used in the device 100 may be liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) fuel. For example, the fuel may be methane, acetylene, butane, or iso-butane.

The fuel storage unit 110 may be provided separately from the device 100 . The fuel storage unit 110 may be coupled to the device 100 and may be provided in the form of a standardized commercial fuel cartridge. In this case, the device 100 may include a coupling portion to which the fuel cartridge may be coupled.

Alternatively, the device 100 may be connected to an external fuel supply network to receive fuel. In this case, the fuel storage unit 110 of the device 100 may temporarily store the fuel supplied from the external fuel supply network or may be replaced with a fuel injection unit into which fuel is injected from the external fuel supply network.

The fuel supply unit 120 may provide the fuel stored in the fuel storage unit to the combustion unit 130 to be described later.

The fuel supply unit 120 may include a control means for adjusting the amount of fuel provided to the combustion unit 130 per unit time. For example, the fuel supply unit 120 may include a gas control valve, an automatic gas shutoff valve, a solenoid valve, or a regulator valve.

The fuel supply unit 120 may include a measuring means for measuring the amount of fuel provided to the combustion unit 130 per unit time. For example, the fuel supply unit 120 may include a flowmeter such as a windmill type flowmeter, a vortex flowmeter, a thermal flowmeter, an ultrasonic flowmeter, a gas flowmeter, a turbine flowmeter, a piston flowmeter, and a paddle wheel sensor. The fuel supply unit 120 may further include a temperature sensor.

The combustion unit 130 may receive the fuel stored in the fuel storage unit 110 through the fuel supply unit 120 and burn the fuel. The combustion unit 130 may receive a hydrocarbon compound fuel and generate positive and negative charges.

The combustion unit 130 may include at least one flame nozzle from which a flame generated by burning fuel is ejected. The flame nozzle may include a gas outlet through which fuel gas is discharged and an air outlet through which air is discharged.

The combustion unit 130 may include an electrode connected to a high voltage applying unit, which will be described later. The electrode may be located in the flame nozzle. When the combustion unit 130 includes a plurality of flame nozzles, electrodes may be individually disposed in each flame nozzle. A high voltage may be applied to each electrode by a high voltage applying unit.

Meanwhile, the electrode to which the voltage is applied by the high voltage applying unit may be located outside the flame nozzle. For example, the electrode may be located at a position spaced apart from the flame nozzle by a predetermined distance in a direction in which the flame is ejected.

The electrode may be provided in various forms. For example, the electrode may be provided in a pin type or a plate type having a tip. As a specific example, the electrode positioned in the nozzle may be provided in a pin type. The electrode positioned outside the nozzle may be provided in a plate type. In this regard, it will be described in more detail below with reference to FIG. 6 .

The combustion unit 130 may further include an air injection module. The air injection module may provide outside air used for combustion to the flame nozzle. Alternatively, the combustion unit 130 may further include an oxygen injection module. The oxygen injection module may receive oxygen from a separately provided oxygen storage container and discharge oxygen through an air outlet.

The combustion unit 130 may include an ignition module that ignites fuel or fuel-mixed gas. For example, the combustion unit 130 may include a piezoelectric automatic ignition module or a manual ignition module. The ignition module can induce ignition by generating a spark near the gas outlet of the flame nozzle.

According to an embodiment, the ignition module may be replaced by an electrode that applies a high voltage. In this case, a first voltage may be applied to the electrode to induce ignition in a state in which combustion is not started, and a second voltage may be applied to the electrode so that a current is supplied in a state in which combustion is started.

The high voltage applying unit 140 may apply a high voltage to the electrodes positioned in the combustion unit 130 .

The high voltage applying unit 140 may apply a high voltage to an electrode positioned in the combustion unit 130 so that a material having a charge is supplied to the outside of the device 100 by the combustion unit 130 . The high voltage applying unit 140 may receive power from the power supply unit 170 and apply a high voltage to the electrodes of the combustion unit 130 . The high voltage applying unit 140 may apply a high voltage to the electrode so that some of the positive and negative ions generated by the combustion unit 130 are supplied to the target region. For example, the high voltage applying unit 140 may apply a negative high voltage to the electrode so that negative ions generated by the combustion unit 130 are generally supplied to the target region. The high voltage applying unit 140 may apply a negative high voltage to the electrode so that negative charges generated by the combustion unit 130 are emitted to the target region.

The high voltage applying unit 140 may apply a high voltage to the electrode of the combustion unit 130 to induce ignition in the combustion unit 130 . The high voltage applying unit 140 may apply a high voltage to the ignition module of the combustion unit 130 to induce ignition in the combustion unit 130 . The high voltage applying unit 140 may apply a high voltage pulse to an electrode positioned in the combustion unit 130 so that the fuel gas emitted from the combustion unit 130 is ignited.

The sensor unit 150 may sense the state or operation of the device 100 .

The sensor unit 150 may sense the state of the fuel storage unit 110 . For example, the sensor unit 150 may obtain information on the remaining amount of fuel.

The sensor unit 150 may sense the state and/or operation of the fuel supply unit 120 . For example, the sensor unit 150 may obtain information about the state (eg, open/closed, abnormal, etc.) of a valve located in the fuel supply unit 120 . Alternatively, the sensor unit 150 may acquire information on a fuel supply state (eg, a flow rate of fuel) through a measurement means (eg, the aforementioned flow meter) of the fuel supply unit 120 .

The sensor unit 150 may sense the state and/or operation of the combustion unit 130 . The sensor unit 150 may acquire state information of the flame nozzle of the combustion unit 130 . The sensor unit 150 may obtain a current value flowing through the electrode of the combustion unit 130 . The sensor unit 150 may acquire a current value flowing through the electrode through an ammeter positioned at the electrode of the combustion unit 130 . The sensor unit 150 may acquire the amount of charge supplied to the target region through the combustion unit 130 . The sensor unit 150 may measure the current of the power source to obtain the amount of charge supplied to the target region. The sensor unit 150 may acquire the amount of electric charge supplied to the target region through an analyzer (eg, a Faraday cup) positioned around the flame nozzle of the combustion unit 130 . Alternatively, the sensor unit 150 may acquire the intensity of the electric field around the flame nozzle of the combustion unit 130 .

The sensor unit 150 may sense the state and/or operation of the high voltage applying unit 140 . The sensor unit 150 may obtain a voltage value applied by the high voltage application unit 140 . Alternatively, the sensor unit 150 may obtain a voltage value applied to the electrode of the combustion unit 130 by the high voltage application unit 140 .

The sensor unit 150 may sense a state related to an operation of a device other than the above-described examples. For example, the sensor unit 150 may acquire all information related to the operation of the device 100 , such as power supplied through the power supply unit 170 and power supplied to the control unit 180 .

The communication unit 160 may communicate with an external device. The communication unit 160 may communicate with a server or a user terminal that controls the operation of the device 100 .

Communication unit 160 is a local area network (LAN, Local Area Network), wireless local area network (WLAN, Wireless Local Area Network), Wi-Fi (WIFI), ZigBee (ZigBee), WiGig (WiGig), Bluetooth (Bluetooth), etc. It can communicate with an external device by a wired or wireless communication protocol.

The power supply unit 170 may supply power to the device 100 . The power supply unit 170 may supply power required for supplying fuel to the fuel supply unit 120 . The power supply unit 170 may supply power required for the combustion unit 130 to supply electric charge to the target region through a combustion reaction. The power supply unit 170 may supply power necessary for the sensor unit 150 to obtain device state or operation information. The power supply unit 170 may supply power necessary for the communication operation of the communication unit 160 . The power supply unit 170 may supply power required for the control processing operation of the control unit 180 .

The power supply unit 170 may provide a high voltage to the high voltage applying unit 140 . Alternatively, the power supply unit 170 may directly apply a high voltage or a high voltage pulse to the electrode of the combustion unit 130 .

The controller 180 may control the operation of the device 100 . The controller 180 may control the operation of each component of the apparatus 100 . The controller 180 may obtain a control command from an external device and control the operation of each component of the device 100 .

The control unit 180 may provide the fuel stored in the fuel storage unit 110 to the combustion unit 130 through the fuel supply unit 120 . The control unit 180 may burn fuel through the combustion unit 130 . The controller 180 may supply current to the target region through the combustion unit 130 . The controller 180 may form a space charge in the target region through the combustion unit 130 . The controller 180 may form a space charge that forms an electric field in the target region through the combustion unit 130 . The controller 180 may output a current to the target region through the combustion unit 130 and charge fine particles in the target region. The controller 180 may provide an electric force to the charged fine particles by forming a space charge in the target region through the combustion unit 130 .

The controller 180 may apply a high voltage to the electrode of the combustion unit 130 through the high voltage applying unit 140 and ignite the fuel. Alternatively, the controller 180 may apply a high voltage to the electrode of the combustion unit 130 through the high voltage application unit 140 , and supply some of the positive and negative charges generated by the combustion unit 130 to the target region.

The controller may apply a high voltage to some components of the device through the power supply unit 170 or the high voltage application unit 140 . For example, the controller may apply a voltage less than or equal to the reference value or greater than or equal to the reference value to the electrode positioned in the nozzle through the power supply. For example, the controller may control the power supply to apply a voltage of 2 kV or more to the electrodes. The controller may control the power supply to apply a voltage of 20 kV or less to the electrode. The controller may control the power supply to apply an average voltage of 20 kV or less to the nozzle array.

The controller 180 may sense the state or operation of the device 100 through the sensor unit 150 . The control unit 180 may communicate with an external device through the communication unit 160 .

7 is a view for explaining the apparatus 200 for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the present invention described herein. Referring to FIG. 7 , the apparatus 200 for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment may include a fuel outlet 210 , an air outlet 230 , an electrode 250 , and an igniter 270 .

Referring to FIG. 7 , the fine particle concentration reduction device 200 may supply the fuel stored in the container to the fuel outlet 210 . The fuel ejected through the fuel outlet 210 may include a hydrocarbon compound. For example, the fuel may be a mixed gas containing butane. The fuel may be a mixed gas for reducing nitrogen oxides.

The fuel outlet 210 may be connected to the target area. The material emitted from the fuel spout 210 may be provided to the target area. A material having a charge discharged from the fuel jet 210 may be provided to the target area.

Although not shown, the device 100 may include an output unit. The output unit may include output means for outputting operation information or status information of the device. The output unit may include visual information display means such as a display or LED light bulb, or audio information display means such as a speaker.

The fine particle concentration reduction device 200 may include an air outlet 230 positioned around the fuel outlet. Oxygen or external air for combustion of fuel may be supplied through the air outlet 230 . The air outlet 230 may be a through hole connected to the outside so that outside air can be introduced. The air outlet 230 may be connected to an air pump for supplying external air or oxygen.

The fine particle concentration reduction device 200 may include an electrode 251 positioned near the fuel outlet. The electrode 251 may be connected to a power source 253 that applies a high voltage. Electrode 251 may be positioned within at least some fuel jets. For example, the electrode 251 may be positioned to partially protrude from the inside of the fuel jet to the outside of the fuel jet.

The power supply 253 applying a high voltage may apply a negative or positive high voltage to the electrode 251 . For example, the fine particle concentration reduction device 200 is configured to attract a material having a positive charge generated when fuel is combusted to the electrode so that a current flows in the electrode 251 , to the electrode 251 through the power supply 253 . A negative high voltage can be applied.

The fine particle concentration reduction device 200 may include an igniter 270 positioned near the fuel outlet. According to one embodiment, the igniter 270 includes a piezoelectric module 270, and in response to driving the switch, it is connected to the piezoelectric module and generates a spark at an end of the ignition electrode 271 located around the fuel outlet 210. can do it The fine particle concentration reduction device 200 may ignite the fuel ejected to the fuel outlet 210 through the igniter 270 .

8 is a view for explaining an apparatus 300 for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 8 , the apparatus 300 for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment may include a fuel outlet 310 , an air outlet 330 , and an electrode 350 . The fuel spout 310 and the air spout 330 may be implemented similarly to those described above with reference to FIG. 7 .

Referring to FIG. 8 , the apparatus 300 for reducing the concentration of fine particles may include an electrode 351 further having an ignition function. The fine particle concentration reduction device 300 is connected to a power source 353 that applies a high voltage and through an electrode 351 positioned near the fuel outlet 310, the fuel ejected through the fuel outlet 310 is ignited. can The fine particle concentration reduction device 300 is at the end of the electrode 351 positioned near the fuel outlet 310 so that some of the positive and negatively charged materials generated according to the combustion of the fuel are supplied to the target area, A spark may be generated by using the power supply 353 that applies a high voltage.

9 is a view for explaining a measuring device for acquiring operation information of the fine particle concentration reduction device described in the present specification. The figure shown in FIG. 9 schematically shows the measuring device used to explain the operation of the flame nozzle assembly as shown in FIGS. 10, 12, 16, 17, 19, 21 and 25 below.

Referring to FIG. 9 , a measuring device for measuring the amount of current emitted from the nozzle of the device for reducing the concentration of fine particles described herein using a grounded chassis and a Faraday cup may be provided. there is.

More specifically, the gas fuel may be provided to the flame nozzle and combusted, and a negative high voltage may be applied by a high voltage power supply for applying a high voltage to the flame nozzle. The fuel may be provided to the nozzle at a constant flow rate by a mass flow controller. In this case, the flame nozzle may be disposed to face the entrance of the Faraday cup. An ammeter (Pico-ampere meter, which measures microcurrent) connected to the Faraday cup can measure the current converted by a negatively charged substance emitted from the nozzle into the chassis when it comes into contact with the Faraday cup. Accordingly, the current supplied by the nozzle can be measured.

Using the measuring device illustrated in FIG. 9 , the amount of current supplied by the device for reducing the concentration of fine particles to the target region may be obtained. In other words, by using a test device such as that illustrated in FIG. 9 , it can be observed how the amount of electric charge or current supplied by the device to the target region changes as various device designs or driving conditions change.

Hereinafter, some embodiments of the device for reducing the concentration of fine particles described in the present specification will be described together with current data measured using the current measuring device of the type illustrated in FIG. 9 .

More specifically, FIG. 10 shows a change in current according to a change in voltage when a voltage is directly applied to the flame nozzle when a single flame nozzle is used and the flow rate is 70 sccm. In other words, when a negative voltage is applied to the flame nozzle while burning by supplying butane to the flame nozzle, the current (y) emitted from the flame nozzle according to the voltage (x-axis) applied to the nozzle. axis) is shown.

Referring to FIG. 10 , it can be seen that as the voltage applied to the flame nozzle increases, the amount of current emitted from the flame nozzle also increases.

Meanwhile, while conducting the experiment of FIG. 10 , it was confirmed that no byproducts harmful to the human body such as ozone were generated even though an electric current could be generated through the flame nozzle.

Referring to FIG. 11A , the apparatus 401 for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment may include an external electrode 410 positioned outside the flame nozzle to which a high voltage is applied. The fine particle concentration reduction device 401 according to the embodiment illustrated in (a) of FIG. 11 is an external electrode 410 to which a high voltage is applied to some of the positive and negatively charged materials generated from the flame nozzle. can be used to attract. For example, the fine particle concentration reduction device 401 applies a negative high voltage to the external electrode 410 so that the positive ions generated due to combustion at the outlet of the flame nozzle move toward the external electrode 410 and lose the amount of charge. , a material having a negative charge generated by combustion can be supplied to the target area.

Referring to FIG. 11B , the apparatus 402 for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment may include a direct electrode 430 that directly applies a voltage to the flame nozzle. The fine particle concentration reduction device 402 according to the embodiment illustrated in (b) of FIG. 11 is a high voltage applied to attract some of the positive and negatively charged materials generated by combustion in the flame nozzle. A direct electrode 430 may be included. For example, the fine particle concentration reduction device 402 may include a direct electrode 430 to which a high negative voltage is applied in order to reduce the emission amount of positive ions generated due to combustion to the target region. The direct electrode 430 may refer to an electrode positioned inside the flame nozzle or an electrode directly connected to the flame nozzle.

12 is a view for explaining a current measurement result according to the device for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the present invention described herein. FIG. 12 shows a change in current according to voltage in each of the embodiments illustrated in FIG. 11 .

Referring to FIG. 12, rather than when a high voltage is applied to the external electrode (structure biasing, (a)) as illustrated in (a) of FIG. 11, as illustrated in FIG. When a high voltage is applied to biasing, (b)), it can be seen that the value of the current emitted from the nozzle is large.

In addition, referring to FIG. 12 , a direct electrode as illustrated in FIG. 11(b), rather than a case where a high voltage is applied to the external electrode (structure biasing, (a)) as illustrated in FIG. 11(a). When a high voltage is applied to (source biasing, (b)), it can be seen that the rise width of the current according to the voltage rise is large.

2.2.2 A device for reducing the concentration of fine particles including a single nozzle

Hereinafter, various examples and experimental results for each example will be described based on a device for reducing the concentration of fine particles including one flame nozzle.

13 is a view for explaining an apparatus 500 for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the present invention. In particular, FIG. 13 is a view for illustrating the structure around the flame nozzle of the device for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 13A , the apparatus 500 for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment includes a nozzle housing 590 , an electrode 510 positioned in the nozzle housing 590 , and an electrode supporting the electrode. The structure 530, the fuel supply pipe 570 through which the fuel supplied to the nozzle passes, the connection part 553 connecting the fuel supply pipe 570 and the nozzle housing 590, and the connection part 553 are formed in the nozzle housing ( A fuel outlet 551 to be supplied into the 590 may be included. Referring to FIG. 13A , the fuel stored in the fuel tank may move through the fuel supply pipe 570 and may be supplied into the housing 590 through the outlet 551 of the connection part 553 . The fuel supplied into the housing 590 may be combusted and a flame may be ejected to the outside.

The end of the electrode may be provided to have a very sharp end as shown in FIG. 13(a) . This is to maximize the magnitude of the electric field at the end so that the magnitude of the current emitted from the flame nozzle to the target area is maximized.

The fuel outlet 551 may be provided to have a diameter for proper supply of gas. For example, the diameter of the fuel outlet 551 may be provided in a range of 0.01 to 0.5 mm.

13 (b) shows an embodiment of the electrode support structure 530 for supporting the pin-type electrode of the flame nozzle. Referring to FIG. 13B , the electrode support structure 530 may have a structure in which the electrode 510 is fixed to the center of the nozzle housing 590 without interfering with the supply of fuel or air. According to an embodiment, the electrode support structure 530 may be provided in the form of a wheel having a plurality of spokes. According to an embodiment, the electrode support structure 530 may include a support rib extending radially around the electrode 510 and a support frame supported by contacting the nozzle housing 590 .

Meanwhile, the nozzle housing 590 , the fuel supply pipe 570 , the connection part 553 , and the electrode support structure 530 may be formed of an insulator. For example, the nozzle housing 590 , the connection part 553 , or the electrode support structure 530 may be made of a metal such as stainless steel or copper. When the nozzle housing 590 , the connection part 553 , or the electrode support structure 530 is made of a metal material, they may be connected to a power source that applies a high voltage. The nozzle housing 590 , the connection part 553 , or the electrode support structure 530 may be formed of an insulator such as ceramic. When the nozzle housing 590 , the connection part 553 , or the electrode support structure 530 is made of a metal material, they may be connected to a power source that applies a high voltage. The fuel supply pipe 570 may be provided with a Teflon tube or a stainless steel tube.

According to an embodiment, the apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles described herein may include a nozzle assembly having a low-nox structure for suppressing emission of nitrogen oxides. The fine particle concentration reduction device may have a fuel injection port for injecting fuel in a low-nox manner.

For example, the apparatus for reducing the fine particle concentration may include a Mixing Promoted Type nozzle assembly that suppresses the formation of nitrogen oxides by allowing the mixing to be performed more quickly. The mixing facilitating nozzle assembly may include an annular jet for radial jetting and mixing of fuel and air. The mixing-promoting nozzle assembly may include one or more electrodes arranged to extend into an area where fuel and air are mixed and jetted and combusted. Alternatively, the mixing accelerating nozzle assembly may include an electrode disposed at the center of an annular jet outlet through which fuel and air are mixed and jetted and combusted.

As another example, the fine particle concentration reduction device may include a divided flame type nozzle assembly that suppresses the formation of nitrogen oxides by dividing the flame into several independent flames. The split flame nozzle assembly may include a plurality of jets through which fuel and air are jetted and combusted. The split flame nozzle assembly may include a plurality of electrodes corresponding to the plurality of jets.

As another example, the device for reducing the concentration of fine particles may include a staged combustion type flame nozzle assembly for suppressing the formation of nitrogen oxides by sequentially supplying air required for combustion. The staged combustion flame nozzle assembly may include a nozzle housing in which a plurality of air inlets are formed so that air mixed with fuel may be sequentially supplied. The nozzle housing may include a plurality of air inlets formed along the flow path of the fuel, and an electrode extending to a region where air and fuel injected from the final air inlet are mixed to form a flame.

14 is a view for explaining an apparatus 600 for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 14A , the apparatus 600 for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment may further include a sawtooth structure 610 . The toothed structure 610 may be positioned in a flow path to which fuel is supplied, and may provide a gas flow that allows fuel to more smoothly mix with air (or oxygen). In other words, the sawtooth structure 610 is a fuel that is mixed with air (or oxygen) to prevent sufficient combustion from not occurring because the fuel ejected at a high speed is injected without mixing with the outside air. It can function as an obstacle to shape the flow.

Meanwhile, the sawtooth structure 610 may be provided as one with the above-described electrode support structure. That is, a structure having a plurality of spokes, supporting the electrode and at the same time helping the mixing of fuel and external air may be provided.

15 is a view for explaining an apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the present invention described herein. Referring to FIG. 15 , the apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment may introduce external air (or oxygen) into the flame nozzle.

Referring to FIG. 15A , the apparatus 701 for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment may include an outdoor air inlet 711 through which outdoor air is introduced. In other words, the fine particle concentration reduction device 701 may include a nozzle housing 791 having an outdoor air inlet 711 connected to a passage through which the fuel passes. As the fuel flows into the nozzle housing 791 , a negative pressure is formed in the nozzle housing 791 , and the outside air is introduced into the nozzle housing 791 through the outside air inlet, and mixed with the fuel to be used for combustion.

On the other hand, the outdoor air inlet 711 may be located lower than the above-described sawtooth structure. That is, the outdoor air inlet 711 may be positioned under the sawtooth structure so that the outdoor air and fuel introduced through the outdoor air inlet 711 are smoothly mixed by the sawtooth structure.

Referring to (b) of FIG. 15 , the device for reducing the concentration of fine particles 702 according to an embodiment may include a pump for supplying external air or oxygen, and an air tube connecting the pump and the nozzle housing 792 . The air tube may be located lower than the above-described sawtooth structure.

Referring to FIG. 15C , the fine particle concentration reduction device 703 according to an exemplary embodiment may burn a mixed gas in which external air and fuel are mixed. The fine particle concentration reduction device 703 according to an embodiment may supply fuel pre-mixed with outside air to the nozzle housing 793 to be combusted. Referring to FIG. 15C , the air tube 713 and the fuel tube 773 to which air is supplied may have a merging point. Alternatively, the air tube 713 may be connected to a fuel storage unit in which fuel is stored so that air and fuel are pre-mixed.

16 illustrates a change in current according to a flow rate of fuel supplied to the nozzle when the voltage applied to the nozzle is constant. In the measurement of FIG. 16 , the voltage was directly applied to the nozzle body, and the air supplied to the nozzle was naturally aspirated by negative pressure from outside air.

Referring to FIG. 16 , when the voltage applied to the nozzle is constant at 20 kV, as the flow rate of fuel (butane) supplied to the nozzle increases from 20 sccm to 70 sccm, the current emitted through the nozzle is from about 16 μA to about 26 μA was confirmed to increase. That is, it can be seen that as the flow rate of the fuel supplied to the nozzle increases, the current emitted through the nozzle increases. However, as the flow rate increased, the current increase rate according to the flow rate increase decreased.

17 is a view for explaining a current measurement result according to the apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the present invention. 17 shows experimental results for confirming the influence of the flow rate of external air for each flow rate of fuel. 17 shows the results of observing the change in current when the amount of outside air is changed in cases where the flow rate of fuel (butane) supplied to the nozzle is different.

Referring to FIG. 17, when the flow rate of fuel is 25 sccm and the voltage applied to the nozzle is constant at 20 kV, it is confirmed that the current emitted through the nozzle increases as the amount of incoming external air is increased from 0.5 sccm to 1 sccm. can

Referring to FIG. 17 , when the fuel flow rate is 31 sccm and the voltage applied to the nozzle is constant at 20 kV, the amount of external air introduced is increased from 0.5 sccm to 2 sccm, and as a result, the current emitted until the external air becomes 1.5 sccm It can be seen that the amount increases, but decreases thereafter.

Referring to FIG. 17 , when the flow rate of fuel is 37.5 sccm and the voltage applied to the nozzle is constant at 20 kV, the amount of incoming outside air is increased from 0.5 sccm to 2.5 sccm, and as a result, the outside air is discharged until 1.5 sccm. It can be seen that the amount of current increases, but decreases thereafter.

Referring to FIG. 17 , when the flow rate of fuel is 50 sccm and the voltage applied to the nozzle is constant at 20 kV, the amount of external air introduced is increased from 0.5 sccm to 3 sccm. As a result, the current emitted until the outside air becomes 1.5 sccm It can be seen that the amount increases, but decreases thereafter.

Referring to FIG. 17 , when the fuel flow rate is 62 sccm and the voltage applied to the nozzle is constant at 20 kV, the amount of external air introduced is increased from 0.5 sccm to 4 sccm. As a result, the current emitted until the external air becomes 2.5 sccm It can be seen that the amount increases, but decreases thereafter.

Referring to FIG. 17 , when the flow rate of fuel is 75 sccm and the voltage applied to the nozzle is constant at 20 kV, as a result of increasing the amount of incoming outside air from 1 sccm to 5 sccm, the amount of current emitted until the outside air becomes 3 sccm It can be seen that this increases, but decreases thereafter.

Referring to the above-described content of FIG. 17 , it was confirmed that when the amount of inflow of outside air increases, the amount of current emitted through the nozzle also increases, but when the flow rate of the incoming outside air reaches a certain level, it is confirmed that the current is rather decreased. In addition, it was confirmed that the flow rate of the outside air at which the current becomes the maximum varies depending on the flow rate of the fuel. In particular, it was confirmed that as the flow rate of the fuel increases, the flow rate of the outside air at which the emitted current becomes the maximum also increases.

18 is a view for explaining some embodiments of the apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to the invention described herein. Referring to FIG. 18 , the apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment may include various types of electrodes.

Referring to FIG. 18A , an electrode 801 in the form of a deflector may be used. Referring to FIG. 18A , a negative or positive high voltage may be applied to the plate-shaped deflector 801 positioned below the nozzle from which fuel is ejected.

Referring to FIG. 18B , a voltage may be applied to the nozzle itself. Referring to FIG. 18B , a high voltage may be applied to the body 803 of the nozzle from which fuel is ejected.

Referring to FIG. 18C , an electrode 805 in the form of a mesh may be used. Referring to FIG. 18D , a U-shaped electrode 807 may be used. Referring to FIG. 18E , a pin-shaped electrode 809 may be used. Referring to (c), (d) and (e) of FIG. 18 , the electrode may be disposed to protrude above the fuel outlet of the nozzle.

The electrodes described herein may be interchangeable. As an example, according to the invention described herein, by-products from the combustion reaction may be accumulated in the electrode. For example, depending on the use of the device, a negative voltage may be applied to the electrode so that positive ions may adhere. Alternatively, oxides or nitrides generated by the operation of the device may be accumulated on the electrode. As the contaminant gradually accumulates in the device, the function of the electrode may be weakened by the deposits. Accordingly, the electrode may be provided in a replaceable form.

19 is a view for explaining a current measurement result according to the apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the present invention described herein. 19 is a view showing the measurement of the amount of current emission according to each type of electrode illustrated in FIG. 18 .

Referring to FIG. 19 , when a voltage of 20 kV is applied to each type of electrode, the flow rate of fuel is 72 sccm and the flow rate of external air is 2.5 slm, the current emitted from the nozzle by each electrode is shown.

Referring to FIG. 19 , it can be seen that the current emitted in the order of the deflector (a), the nozzle body (b), the mesh type (c), the U-shaped electrode (d), and the pin electrode (e) increases. When looking at the experimental results shown in FIG. 19 , the amount of current emitted by the pin-type electrode is the largest, which can be considered because the strength of the electric field can be formed the strongest when the pin-type electrode is used. Therefore, in the following, unless otherwise specified, a device for reducing the concentration of fine particles including a pin-type electrode will be described as a reference.

Referring to FIG. 20A , the apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles 901 according to an exemplary embodiment may include a pin-type electrode 911 . In this case, the pin-type electrode may be disposed to protrude from the fuel outlet to a predetermined height H. The height H at which the electrode protrudes may be determined according to the flow rate of the fuel. Other things being equal, the amount of current emitted from the device 901 may vary according to the height H at which the electrode protrudes. At this time, the protrusion height H of the electrode that maximizes the amount of current supplied by the device 901 may vary depending on the flow rate of fuel supplied to the nozzle. In this regard, it will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 21 .

Referring to FIG. 20B , the apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles 902 according to an embodiment may include a pin-type electrode 912 . In this case, the electrode 912 may be disposed at a position spaced apart from the center of the fuel outlet by a predetermined distance (R).

21 is a view for explaining current measurement according to the apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 21 is a view for explaining a change in current according to a height H at which the electrode shown in FIG. 20A protrudes.

Referring to FIG. 21 , when the voltage applied to the voltage is constant at 20 kV, when the pin height increases from 0 mm to 20 mm, and in some sections (0 to 15 mm), the current emitted from the device increases according to the protrusion height of the pin. However, it can be seen that thereafter, it is rather decreased. This can be interpreted as that the function of the electrode may be weakened if the position where ions are generated due to the flame and the position of the end of the electrode where a strong electric field is formed by the electrode are excessively far apart.

Referring to FIG. 21 , when other conditions are the same, there may be a protrusion height of the electrode that maximizes the emitted current value, that is, the maximum current height. This maximum current height may vary depending on the flow rate of fuel ejected through the nozzle. As the flow rate increases, the maximum current height can increase.

22 is a view for explaining an apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 22 , the apparatus 1200 for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment may include a nozzle support 1230 and a cover 1250 supporting the nozzle assembly.

The cover unit 1250 may include a nozzle accommodation area 1253 in which the nozzle assembly is located and a utility accommodation area 1255 in which power, fuel tank, processor, and the like are accommodated. The cover part 1250 may be divided into a nozzle accommodation area 1253 and a module accommodation area 1255 by the nozzle assembly 1230 . In the module accommodation area 1255 , modules other than the nozzle for driving the fine particle concentration reduction device 1200 may be accommodated. The cover part 1250 may be made of an insulating material.

A flame nozzle assembly 1210 may be located in the nozzle receiving area 1253 . In the nozzle receiving area 1253 , a perforation 1251 may be formed so that electric charges supplied by the flame nozzle assembly 1210 may be discharged to an external target space.

The cover part 1250 may be provided so that the perforation 1251 is not formed in the upper part of the flame nozzle assembly 1210 . Considering that the fine particle reduction device 1200 according to the present specification will be mainly used outdoors, this form may be adopted to minimize external influences applied to the flame nozzle assembly 1210 .

The degree of opening and closing of the cover unit 1250 may be adjusted as necessary. According to an embodiment, the cover unit 1250 may be provided such that the degree of opening and closing thereof can be manually adjusted.

The apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment, considering the weather conditions, the amount of fuel ejected, the output current value, the concentration of fine particles in the target area, the humidity of the target area, and the type of the target area (indoor/outdoor), The degree of opening of the cover unit 1250 may be adjusted. The apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment may adjust the size of the perforation 1251 by using a motor connected to the cover unit 1250 .

2.2.3 Fine particle concentration reduction device including multiple nozzles

23 is a view for explaining an embodiment of the apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to the invention described herein. Referring to FIG. 23 , the apparatus 1000 for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment may include a plurality of

nozzle assemblies

1010 , 1030 , 1050 , and 1070 . The fine particle concentration reduction apparatus 1000 may include a nozzle array including a plurality of

nozzle assemblies

1010 , 1030 , 1050 , and 1070 .

Referring to FIG. 23 , an electrode 1090 to which a high voltage is applied may be positioned in each of the plurality of

nozzle assemblies

1010 , 1030 , 1050 , and 1070 . The same voltage may be applied to the electrodes 1090 positioned in each of the plurality of

nozzle assemblies

1010 , 1030 , 1050 , and 1070 . Different voltages may be applied to the electrodes 1090 positioned in each of the plurality of

nozzle assemblies

1010 , 1030 , 1050 , and 1070 so that voltages may be individually adjusted. The electrode 1090 positioned in each of the plurality of

nozzle assemblies

1010 , 1030 , 1050 , and 1070 may have an end protruding from the fuel outlet of each nozzle assembly by a predetermined distance. Different voltages may be applied to electrodes positioned in the plurality of

nozzle assemblies

1010 , 1030 , 1050 , and 1070 .

Fuel and/or outside air may be provided to each of the plurality of

nozzle assemblies

1010 , 1030 , 1050 , and 1070 at the same flow rate. Fuel and/or outside air may be simultaneously supplied to each of the plurality of

nozzle assemblies

1010 , 1030 , 1050 , and 1070 , voltage may be applied to each electrode, and current may be simultaneously discharged from each nozzle.

24 is a view for explaining some embodiments of the apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to the invention described herein. Referring to FIG. 24 , in the first embodiment (a) in which a single nozzle assembly 1101 is used, the first nozzle assembly 1102 and the second nozzle assembly 1103 are spaced apart from each other by a first distance R1. In the second embodiment (b), the first nozzle assembly 1104 and the second nozzle assembly 1105 are spaced apart from each other by a second distance R2, in the third embodiment (c), the first nozzle assembly 1106 and the second embodiment (c) A fourth embodiment (d) in which the second nozzle assembly 1107 is spaced apart by a third distance R3, and the second nozzle assembly 1107 and the third nozzle assembly 1108 are spaced apart by a fourth distance R4 may be provided.

Hereinafter, the graph of FIG. 25 will be described with reference to the embodiments of FIG. 24 .

25 is a view for explaining a current measurement result according to an apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 25 shows that in each of the embodiments shown in FIG. 24, when the voltage applied to the pin nozzle is 20 kV and the flow rate ejected through the entire nozzle is the x-axis value, the nozzle assembly of FIGS. 24 (a) to (d) It shows the current according to the flow rate in each case arranged as shown. 24 (b), (c) and (d), the x-axis flow rate is distributed to a plurality of nozzle assemblies. The graph of FIG. 25 shows a case where all of R1, R2, R3, and R4 of FIG. 24 are equal to 3 cm. The graph of FIG. 25 illustrates a case in which air is supplied by naturally aspirated air.

First, referring to FIG. 25 , in the first embodiment (a) in which the single nozzle assembly 1101 is used, when the voltage applied to the electrode is constant at 20 kV, the current increases as the flow rate increases.

Next, even in the second embodiment (b) in which the first nozzle assembly 1102 and the second nozzle assembly 1103 are spaced apart from each other by the first interval R1, the current increases as the flow rate increases.

Next, in the third embodiment (c) in which the first nozzle assembly 1104 and the second nozzle assembly 1105 are spaced apart from each other by a second distance R2, the current increases as the flow rate increases.

The first nozzle assembly 1106 and the second nozzle assembly 1107 are spaced apart by a third distance R3, and the second nozzle assembly 1107 and the third nozzle assembly 1108 are spaced apart by a fourth distance R4. In the fourth embodiment (d) described above, the current increases as the flow rate increases.

On the other hand, from the graph of FIG. 25 , it can be seen that when the fuel flow rate is small, when the number of nozzles is small, the discharge current is higher, and when the flow rate of fuel is high, when the number of nozzles is large, the discharge current is higher. From this, it can be inferred that an appropriate number of nozzles according to the flow rate may be determined, and the appropriate number of nozzles may increase with an increase in the flow rate.

However, even when the flow rate of the fuel is sufficiently large and there is a practical benefit of using a plurality of nozzle assemblies, if the distance between the nozzle assemblies becomes narrower than the standard, the discharge current may be rather reduced. This may be interpreted as the electric field formed by the electrodes of each nozzle assembly affects the other nozzle assemblies, making it difficult to discharge current.

26 shows some embodiments of a nozzle housing that can be used in the apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the invention described herein. Referring to FIG. 26 , various types of nozzle housings, for example, nozzles, may have a cylindrical outer surface and a cylindrical inner surface (a). Alternatively, referring to FIG. 26B , the nozzle may have a cylindrical inner surface and a tapered outer surface. Referring to FIG. 26C , the nozzle may have a conical outer surface and a conical inner surface. Referring to FIG. 26D , the nozzle may have a linear nozzle, for example, a slit-shaped nozzle. However, a nozzle housing (c) having a truncated cone shape or including a truncated cone (b) may be mainly used so that more current is emitted by bringing the material closer to the pin, but in order to prevent unintended discharge.

27 is a view for explaining an apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 27 , the apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment may further include a cover unit 1350 accommodating the plurality of

nozzle assemblies

1311 , 1313 , and 1315 .

Referring to FIG. 27 , the cover unit 1350 may include a nozzle accommodation area 1353 in which a plurality of

nozzle assemblies

1311 , 1313 , and 1315 are accommodated and a module accommodation area 1355 in which other modules are accommodated. .

A plurality of perforations 1351 may be formed in the cover portion 1350 through which currents emitted by the plurality of

nozzle assemblies

1311 , 1313 , and 1315 positioned in the nozzle accommodation area 1353 can be supplied to the target area. there is.

Referring to FIG. 27 , the module accommodating area 1355 may be located lower than the nozzle accommodating area 1353 . The module receiving area 1355 may be located closer to the ground than the nozzle receiving area 1353 . However, this is only an example, and the content of the invention described herein is not limited thereto. For example, the device for reducing the concentration of fine particles described herein may be installed in a vertically inverted state from that shown in FIG. 27 . For example, in the apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment, the nozzle assembly may be disposed at a lower portion of the apparatus, and the module receiving area may be disposed at an upper portion of the apparatus. When the nozzle assembly is disposed at the bottom of the device and the module receiving area is disposed at the top of the device, the fine particle concentration reducing device may be configured such that its fuel jets point downward or laterally.

28 is a view for explaining an apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 28 , the apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment may include a nozzle array 1400 in which a plurality of nozzles are disposed. The nozzle array 1400 may include a plurality of nozzle assemblies arranged at regular intervals (D).

The distance D between the nozzle assemblies may be determined to maximize the current emitted from the nozzle array 1400 . The interval D may be determined such that the current emitted from the nozzle array 1400 satisfies 1 mA. For example, when fuel is supplied at a high flow rate, referring to the contents of FIG. 25 , if the interval D is narrowed to a certain level or less, the emission current decreases, so the interval D is determined as a point at which the emitted current becomes the maximum. can Also, for example, referring to FIG. 25 , when fuel is supplied at a low flow rate, a larger current is emitted with a small number of nozzles, so that only some of the nozzle assemblies may be activated.

According to an embodiment, the nozzle spacing D of the nozzle array including the plurality of nozzles illustrated in FIG. 28 may be adjustable. For example, the apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles may include a motor, and the arrangement of the nozzle assembly may be changed through the motor. For example, the apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles may include a plurality of motors connected to each column or row of the nozzle assembly, and the arrangement of the nozzle assembly may be changed through the motors.

The distance D between the nozzles may be adjusted with reference to FIG. 25 . The distance D between the nozzles may be adjusted in consideration of the amount of current emitted from the nozzle array, the size of the target area, the amount of fuel emitted, the mixing ratio of air and fuel, or the concentration of fine particles in the target area, and the like.

According to an embodiment of the invention described herein, space charges may be formed in the target region using the nozzle array 1400 of the form illustrated in FIG. 28 . According to an embodiment, the device for reducing the concentration of fine particles in the target area by forming a space charge in a target area having a radius of 30 m around the device includes a plurality of nozzle assemblies and emitting a current of 1 mA or more. It may include a nozzle array that does. A voltage of 40 to 50 kV may be applied to each electrode positioned in the plurality of nozzle assemblies included in the nozzle array. The nozzle array may be supplied with fuel at a flow rate of 200 to 500 sccm. Preferably, the nozzle array may be supplied with fuel at a flow rate of 300 sccm. The distance D between the nozzle assemblies may be determined to be 4 to 6 cm, preferably 5 cm. In this case, the current emitted from each nozzle assembly may be about 100 μA or more. The apparatus for reducing the fine particle concentration may form space charges in the target region so that the fine particle concentration of the target region is reduced by using the nozzle array 1400 including ten or more nozzle assemblies.

29 is a view for explaining an apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 29 , the apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment may include a nozzle array including a plurality of nozzle assembly groups. A plurality of nozzle assemblies included in the nozzle assembly group may be controlled integrally. Individual nozzle assembly groups can be controlled independently.

Referring to FIG. 29A , a nozzle array 1501 including a plurality of linear nozzle groups LG1 and LG2 including a plurality of nozzle assemblies arranged linearly may be provided. The nozzle array 1501 may include a first linear nozzle group LG1 and a second linear nozzle group LG2 including a plurality of nozzle assemblies.

The first linear nozzle group LG1 and the second linear nozzle group LG2 may be independently controlled. The first linear nozzle group LG1 may be connected to the first linear electrode LE1 . The first linear electrode LE1 may be connected to a pin electrode positioned in each of the plurality of nozzle assemblies of the first linear nozzle group LG1 . The second linear nozzle group LG2 may be connected to the second linear electrode LE2 . The second linear electrode LE2 may be connected to a pin electrode positioned in each of the plurality of nozzle assemblies of the second linear nozzle group LG2 . Different voltages may be applied to the first linear electrode LE1 and the second linear electrode LE2 . For example, a high voltage may be alternately applied to the first linear electrode LE1 and the second linear electrode LE2 . The voltages applied to the first linear electrode LE1 and the second linear electrode LE2 may be determined in consideration of mutual electrical influence between nozzles.

Referring to FIG. 29B , a nozzle array 1502 including a plurality of circular nozzle groups RG1 and RG2 including a plurality of nozzle assemblies arranged in a circle may be provided. The nozzle array 1502 may include a first circular nozzle group RG1 and a second circular nozzle group RG2 including a plurality of nozzle assemblies.

The first circular nozzle group RG1 and the second circular nozzle group RG2 may be independently controlled. The first circular nozzle group RG1 may be connected to the first circular electrode RE1 . The first circular electrode RE1 may be connected to a pin electrode positioned in each of the plurality of nozzle assemblies of the first circular nozzle group RG1 . The second circular nozzle group RG2 may be connected to the second circular electrode RE 2 . The second circular electrode RE2 may be connected to a pin electrode positioned in each of the plurality of nozzle assemblies of the second circular nozzle group RG2 . Different voltages may be applied to the first circular electrode RE1 and the second circular electrode RE2 . For example, a high voltage may be alternately applied to the first circular electrode RE1 and the second circular electrode RE2 . The voltages applied to the first circular electrode RE1 and the second circular electrode RE2 may be determined in consideration of mutual electrical influence between nozzles.

2.2.4 Example

With reference to FIG. 60 , an apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment will be described. Referring to FIG. 60 , the apparatus 2000 for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment includes a flame nozzle assembly 2010 , a fuel supply module 2020 , an electrode 2030 , a power source 2040 , and a controller 2050 . can do.

The flame nozzle assembly 2010 may include the aforementioned nozzle housing, electrodes, air inlet, fuel outlet, and the like. The fuel supply module 2020 may include a flow meter. The electrode 2030 may be connected to a power source to provide electric force to positive or negative ions generated by combustion of fuel. A power source 2040 may provide power to the device and its components. The controller 2050 may control the device and the configuration of the device.

An apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles for reducing the concentration of fine particles in a target area according to an embodiment includes a nozzle housing for accommodating fuel flowing in from one end, a fuel outlet formed around the other end opposite to one end and through which fuel is ejected; A flame nozzle assembly including an air inlet through which air mixed with fuel is introduced, a fuel supply module for supplying fuel to the flame nozzle assembly, an electrode positioned in the nozzle housing of the flame nozzle assembly, and a device for supplying power to the fine particle concentration reduction device It may include a controller for reducing the concentration of fine particles in the target area through the flame nozzle assembly using power and power. One end of the nozzle housing may be formed wider than the other end.

The flame nozzle assembly may operate in a combustion active state or a combustion inactive state depending on whether the fuel is burned. In the active combustion state, a current may be output from the flame nozzle assembly when a voltage is applied to the electrode. The flame nozzle assembly may operate in a charged state or a non-charged state depending on whether a voltage is applied or not. When the flame nozzle assembly is in the charge supply state, as fuel is supplied to the fuel jet, the fuel is burned, and a voltage is applied to the electrode, the charge may be supplied to the target area by the flame nozzle assembly. If no fuel is supplied to the fuel spout, no fuel is combusted, or no voltage is applied to the electrodes, the flame nozzle assembly may be in an uncharged state.

The electrode may be disposed at least partially in contact with a flame generated by combustion of the fuel. The electrode may at least partially protrude outward of the fuel spout. The electrode may be provided in the form of a pin that at least partially protrudes to the outside of the fuel outlet. The height at which the electrode protrudes may be determined to have a positive correlation with the flow rate of fuel provided to the fuel outlet. Where the apparatus includes a plurality of flame nozzle assemblies, an electrode may be disposed within each nozzle housing.

The controller may provide fuel to the fuel spout through the fuel supply module. The controller may provide fuel to the fuel spout at a flow rate determined according to the size of the target area.

The controller may provide air (external air or oxygen) with the fuel to the fuel spout. The flow rate of air may be determined dependently on the flow rate of fuel. The flow rate of air may be determined to have a positive correlation with the flow rate of fuel.

The controller may reduce the concentration of fine particles in the target region by supplying a material having a negative charge to the target region by applying a negative high voltage to the electrode while the flame nozzle assembly is in a combustion active state in which fuel is burned.

The controller may control the operating state of the flame nozzle assembly.

The controller applies a negative high voltage to the electrode when the flame nozzle assembly is in the combustion active state to suppress the emission of positive ions generated by the combustion of the fuel, and to target the negatively charged material generated by the combustion of the fuel. area can be supplied.

When the flame nozzle assembly is in an active combustion state, the controller may apply a negative high voltage to the electrode to supply a material having a negative charge to the target region to form a space charge in the target region.

The controller may supply a material having a negative charge to the target region to charge the fine particles in the target region, and provide an electric force in a direction away from the fine particle concentration reducing device to the fine particles in the target region through space charge.

The fine particle concentration reduction device may include a plurality of flame nozzle assemblies. The plurality of flame nozzle assemblies may be arranged in a grid form spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance.

The plurality of flame nozzle assemblies may include a first flame nozzle assembly and a second flame nozzle assembly, the first flame assembly may include a first electrode, and the second flame assembly may include a second electrode.

The controller may apply the same voltage to the first electrode and the second electrode when the first flame nozzle assembly and the second flame nozzle assembly are in the combustion active state.

The device for reducing the fine particle concentration may further include an ignition module including an ignition electrode positioned around the fuel outlet.

The controller may apply a high voltage pulse to the ignition electrode to cause the flame nozzle assembly to become combustion active.

The controller may ignite the fuel by applying a high voltage pulse to the electrode such that the flame nozzle assembly is combustion-activated.

The device for reducing the concentration of fine particles may further include an air pump for supplying external air to the air inlet.

The controller may supply fuel to the flame nozzle assembly at a first flow rate through the fuel supply module, and supply outdoor air to the air inlet at a second flow rate using an air pump. The second flow rate may be determined to have a positive correlation with the first flow rate.

2.3 Device operation

According to the invention described in this specification, there is provided a method for reducing the concentration of fine particles using an apparatus, a method for controlling an apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles, and the like. Hereinafter, with reference to the description of the device for reducing the concentration of fine particles, some examples will be given for a method of controlling the device, a method for reducing the concentration of fine particles, a method for effectively operating the device for reducing the concentration of fine particles, etc. do.

Meanwhile, in the flowcharts illustrated in relation to the following embodiments, the order of each displayed step is not absolute, and the position of each step may be changed according to the embodiment.

2.3.1 General: How to reduce the concentration of fine particles

The apparatus 100 may perform a method of reducing the concentration of fine particles in air. The device or the control unit of the device may perform a method of reducing the concentration of fine particles in the air for the target region by using each unit.

30 to 31 are diagrams for explaining a method of emitting current using a flame nozzle described herein.

30 illustrates a state in which fuel is burned through the flame nozzle described herein. Referring to FIG. 30 , a fuel (eg, butane) including a hydrocarbon compound may be supplied to the fuel outlet of the flame nozzle assembly 1600 and burned. Referring to FIG. 30 , a positive ion CA (or a material having a positive charge) and an anion AN (or a material having a negative charge) may be generated in the combustion process of the fuel. The generated cations (CA) or anions (AN) may be released to the outside.

FIG. 31 is a view for explaining a state in which a negative high voltage is applied to the pin-type electrode protruding out of the fuel outlet in the combustion state shown in FIG. 30 . Referring to FIG. 31 , as a negative high voltage is applied to an electrode positioned around a flame in which combustion is in progress, cations CA generated by combustion may be attached to the electrode and current may flow. Accordingly, negative ions AN (or negatively charged material) generated by combustion may be supplied by the flame nozzle. Accordingly, a negative charge amount may be supplied to the target region.

32 to 35 are diagrams for explaining an operation of reducing the fine particle concentration of the target region TR by using the fine particle concentration reducing apparatus 1700 described herein.

Referring to FIG. 32 , the fine particle concentration reduction device 1700 may supply a material NS having a negative charge to the target region TR through combustion of fuel as described above with reference to FIGS. 30 and 31 .

Referring to FIG. 33 , the fine particle concentration reduction device 1700 may supply a material NS having a negative charge for a predetermined time or longer to the target region TR through combustion of fuel to form a space charge SC. . The space charges SC may be formed to have a high charge density around the device 1700 for reducing the concentration of fine particles, and to decrease as the distance from the device 1700 increases.

Referring to FIG. 34 , the fine particle concentration reduction device 1700 may maintain the space charge SC by supplying a material NS having a negative charge for a predetermined time or longer to the target region TR through combustion of fuel. The fine particle concentration reduction device 1700 may supply the material NS having a negative charge to the target region TR for a predetermined time or more through combustion of fuel to charge the fine particles FP of the target region TR. .

Referring to FIG. 35 , the fine particle concentration reduction device 1700 maintains the space charge SC by supplying a material NS having a negative charge for a predetermined time or more to the target region TR through combustion of fuel, thereby charging An electric force may be provided to the fine particles FP in the target region TR. The fine particle concentration reduction device 1700 continuously supplies a material having a negative charge to the target region TR to provide an electric force in a direction away from the device 1700 to the fine particles FP of the target region TR. can The fine particle concentration reduction apparatus 1700 may reduce the concentration of the fine particles FP in the target region TR by continuously supplying a material having a negative charge to the target region TR.

Referring to FIG. 36 , the method of reducing the concentration of fine particles in the air may include supplying fuel to the nozzle ( S101 ) and applying a high voltage to the nozzle ( S103 ).

The method of reducing the concentration of fine particles in air may be performed by the apparatus described herein. For example, the method of reducing the concentration of fine particles in the air may be performed by the apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 29 .

The step of supplying the fuel to the nozzle (S101) may include supplying the fuel containing the hydrocarbon compound to the flame nozzle. The step of supplying fuel to the nozzle ( S101 ) may include, by the control unit, providing the fuel stored in the water storage unit at a predetermined flow rate through the fuel supply unit to the flame nozzle unit. The step of supplying fuel to the nozzle ( S101 ) may include providing the fuel stored in the fuel storage unit to the flame nozzle unit so that the control unit discharges a predetermined volume of fuel per unit time from the nozzle through the fuel supply unit.

As an example, in the step of supplying fuel to the nozzle ( S101 ), the control module controls the degree of opening of a valve located between the fuel storage unit and the flame nozzle unit to supply the fuel stored in the fuel storage unit to the nozzle array. may include

As another example, the supplying of fuel to the nozzle ( S101 ) may include supplying, by the control module, the fuel stored in the fuel storage unit to the nozzle array at a predetermined flow rate through a pump.

The step of applying the high voltage to the nozzle ( S103 ) may include applying a voltage greater than or equal to a predetermined value to the nozzle. For example, the step of applying a high voltage to the nozzle ( S103 ) may include, by the controller, applying a voltage to the flame nozzle so that a sufficient current is emitted from the flame nozzle to the target area using the power supply unit. The step of applying the high voltage to the nozzle ( S103 ) may include applying a voltage equal to or less than a predetermined value to the nozzle. For example, the step of applying the high voltage to the nozzle ( S103 ) may include the controller applying a voltage in a range in which discharge from the nozzle (eg, direct discharge such as corona discharge) does not occur using the power supply unit. The step of applying the high voltage to the nozzle ( S103 ) may include applying the high voltage to the electrodes located in the nozzle.

The step of applying the high voltage to the nozzle ( S103 ) may include, by the controller, applying the high voltage to the nozzle using a power supply so that a material having a charge is emitted from the nozzle. The step of applying the high voltage to the nozzle (S103) may include applying the high voltage to the nozzle so that the control unit emits a charged material through the nozzle to form a space charge in the target area using the power supply. there is. The step of applying a high voltage to the nozzle (S103) may include applying a high voltage to the nozzle so that the control unit uses a power supply unit to discharge a material having a negative charge from the nozzle and transfer at least a portion of the negative charge to the fine particles in the air. can The step of applying the high voltage to the nozzle ( S103 ) may include applying the high voltage to the nozzle so that the control unit acquires at least a portion of negative charges from the charged material and charges the fine particles in the air using the power supply unit. The step of applying the high voltage to the nozzle ( S101 ) may include applying the high voltage to the nozzle so that the charged fine particles are pushed out by the electric field formed by the negative charge emitted from the device by the control unit using the power supply unit.

The device may further include an air vent. The method of reducing the concentration of fine particles in air may further include supplying air (or oxygen) used for combustion of fuel through an air outlet. The supplying of air may include supplying air to an area where the fuel is located by using a pump for supplying external air to the air outlet by the controller. The supplying of air may include introducing outdoor air into an area where the fuel is located through an air outlet connected to the outside air. The supplying of air may include supplying air through the air outlet by the controller to a path through which the fuel moves so that the ejected fuel can be combusted.

Referring to FIG. 37 , the method for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment includes the steps of outputting a material having an electric charge (S201), forming a space charge (S203), and charging the fine particles in the air. It may include step S205. The method of reducing the concentration of fine particles may be performed by the apparatus described herein.

In the step S201 of outputting the charged material, the control unit supplies the fuel stored in the fuel storage unit through the fuel supply unit to the combustion unit, and applies a high voltage to the electrodes located in the combustion unit through the power supply unit to become charged. It may include outputting the substance. The step of outputting the charged material ( S201 ) may include, by the controller, supplying the fuel to the combustion unit so that the fuel stored in the fuel storage unit is provided to the combustion unit at a constant flow rate. In this case, external air (or oxygen) may be provided together with the fuel to the combustion unit.

The step of outputting the charged material ( S201 ) may include, by the controller, applying a high voltage to the nozzle so that a predetermined amount of current (charge per time) is emitted from the nozzle. The step of outputting the material having a charge ( S201 ) may include outputting the material having a negative charge through the nozzle by the controller applying a high negative voltage to the electrode positioned in the nozzle.

For example, the controller may output a current of 0.1 mA or more through a nozzle or a nozzle array. For example, the control unit may include applying a high voltage to the nozzle or the nozzle array so that more than 4.16*10^18 charges are emitted per second (that is, a current of 0.67 mA or more is output) through the nozzle or the nozzle array. .

Forming the space charge ( S203 ) may include, by the controller, supplying a material having an electric charge to the target region through the combustion unit to form a distribution of space charges in the target region. Forming the space charge ( S203 ) may include forming a negative space charge distribution in the target region by continuously emitting a material having a negative charge for a predetermined time or longer by the controller.

The step of charging the fine particles in the air ( S205 ) may include the controller discharging a charged material through the combustion unit to at least partially charge the fine particles in the target region. The charging of the fine particles in the air ( S205 ) may include charging the fine particles floating in the air in the target region with at least some negative charges by the controller continuously discharging a material having a negative charge for a predetermined time or longer. For example, when the concentration of fine particles (eg, ultrafine dust of PM2.5 or less) in the target region is 35 μg/m ³ , the device may output a charged material for 1 hour or more.

Although not shown in FIG. 37 , the method of reducing the concentration of fine particles may further include reducing the concentration of fine particles in the target region and/or removing the fine particles in the target region. The method of reducing the concentration of the fine particles may include maintaining a space charge formed in the target region, and providing an electric force directed to the outside of the target region to the charged fine particles through the space charge. In the method of reducing the concentration of fine particles, it is possible to reduce the concentration of fine particles in the target region (or remove the fine particles) by providing the fine particles with an electric force directed out of the target region.

A method for reducing the concentration of microparticles is a method in which the device maintains a space charge to provide an electrical force to the charged microparticles in a target area, and moves the microparticles toward the ground or structure based at least in part on the electrical force by the device to cause the microparticles to move toward the ground. Alternatively, it may include removing at least some of the fine particles in the target area by making them adhere to the structure.

According to an embodiment, the method of reducing the concentration of fine particles may include applying power to the nozzle in consideration of the characteristics of the target area. For example, the controller may control the current value output from the combustion unit in consideration of the size, radius (eg, the radius of the target region having a hemispherical shape with respect to the device), width, or height of the target region. As a specific example, when the target area has a first radius, the control unit controls the current value output from the flame nozzle through the power supply to be the first current value, and when the target area has a second radius greater than the first radius, It is possible to control the current value output from the flame nozzle through the power supply to be the second current value.

The value of the current output from the combustion unit may be adjusted by a flow rate of fuel supplied to the combustion unit, a flow rate of outside air, a voltage value applied to an electrode positioned in the combustion unit, and the like.

38 is a view for explaining some embodiments of a method for reducing the concentration of fine particles. The method for reducing the concentration of fine particles illustrated in FIG. 38 may be performed by the apparatus described above in the present specification.

According to an embodiment, a method for reducing the concentration of fine particles in a predetermined target area may be provided. Referring to (a) of FIG. 38 , the method of reducing the concentration of fine particles includes supplying fuel to the nozzle (S301) and applying a voltage determined in consideration of the characteristics of the target area to the nozzle (S303) can do. The step of supplying fuel to the nozzle ( S301 ) may be performed similarly to that described above with reference to FIG. 37 .

The step of applying the voltage determined in consideration of the characteristics of the target region to the nozzle ( S303 ) may include applying the voltage to the nozzle in consideration of the size of the target region. The voltage applied to the nozzle may be determined based on the radius of the target area defined with respect to the location of the device. The voltage applied to the nozzle may be determined based on the radius of the target area of the device and the time it takes to reduce the fine particles to a reference concentration. The voltage applied to the nozzle may be determined according to the radius of the target area of the device and/or the reference current determined based on the radius of the target area and the time it takes to reduce the fine particles to a reference concentration.

For example, the radius (or effective radius) R of the target area may have a positive correlation with the output power. The radius R of the target area may be determined in proportion to a log value of the output power. (The current output through the nozzle or the voltage applied to the nozzle may be determined according to the output power. The output power may be expressed as a product of the voltage applied to the nozzle and the current output through the nozzle.) Target area The radius R of may have a positive correlation with the time T the device is in operation. In other words,

As a specific example, when the radius R of the target area is 50 m, the operating time of the device may be determined according to the output of the device. For example, if the radius R of the target area is 50 m and the output of the device is 300 W, the time required until the concentration of fine particles at a point with a radius of 50 m from the device is reduced by 50% (that is, the operating time of the device) is It can be determined to be 2 hours and 30 minutes. Alternatively, when the radius R of the target area is 50 m and the output of the device is 1 kW, the time required until the concentration of fine particles at a point with a radius of 50 m from the device is reduced by 50% may be determined to be 1 hour and 30 minutes. . When the radius R of the target area is 50 m and the output of the device is 10 kW, the time required until the concentration of fine particles at a point with a radius of 50 m from the device is reduced by 50% can be determined to be less than 1 hour, for example, 50 minutes. there is.

As another specific example, when the operating time of the device is 2 hours, the effective radius R of the device may be determined according to the output of the device. For example, when the operating time of the device is 2 hours and the output of the device is 300 W, the radius of the target area in which the concentration of fine particles is to be reduced (or the distance from the device to the point at which the concentration of fine particles is reduced by 50%) R may be determined to be 50 m or less, such as about 45 m. When the operating time of the device is 2 hours and the output of the device is 1 kW, the radius R of the target area in which the concentration of fine particles is to be reduced may be determined to be 50 m or more, for example, about 52 m. When the operating time of the device is 2 hours and the output of the device is 10 kW, the radius R of the target area in which the concentration of fine particles is to be reduced may be determined to be 60 m or more, for example, about 65 m.

When the target area is predetermined as an area with a radius R from the device, the voltage applied to the nozzle may be a value determined according to the radius. If the radius of the target area is changed, the voltage applied to the nozzle may be changed. For example, a first voltage applied to the nozzle to decrease the concentration of fine particles by a first rate for a first time in a first target area having a first radius is applied to a second target area having a second radius greater than the first radius. may be less than the second voltage for decreasing the fine particle concentration in the first rate during the first time

38 (b) is a view for explaining a method of reducing the concentration of fine particles according to another embodiment. Referring to (b) of FIG. 38 , the method for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment includes the step of supplying fuel to the nozzle (S401) and outputting a predetermined current in consideration of the characteristics of the target area through the nozzle (S401). It may include step S403.

In the step (S403) of outputting the current through the nozzle in consideration of the characteristics of the predetermined target area, the control unit outputs the nozzle current (the amount of charge emitted per hour from the nozzle) determined based on the preset radius R of the target area. may include The nozzle current may be determined as a current value that must be output from the device for a reference time in order to cause the concentration of fine particles in a target area having a radius R within the reference time to decrease by a reference rate through a nozzle (or nozzle array) of the device.

The nozzle current may be differently determined according to the radius of the target area when the device continuously outputs a constant current to decrease the concentration of fine particles in the target area by a reference rate for a reference time. For example, the first current for decreasing the concentration of fine particles by a first rate for a first time in a first target area having a first radius is generated in a second target area having a second radius greater than the first radius for a first time It may be less than the second current for reducing the fine particle concentration in the first ratio.

The reference current may be an average current output from the nozzle during the reference time. In other words, the device does not necessarily have to continuously output a constant current value, and may output a varying current while maintaining the average current value within the reference current range.

In other words, the voltage V applied to the nozzle or the current I output through the nozzle is the number of nozzles (when the device includes a nozzle array), the radius R of the target area (or a size or volume parameter equivalent thereto), fine dust It may be determined taking into account a target rate of reduction in concentration and/or a reference time T.

The step of applying a voltage to the nozzle in consideration of the characteristics of the target region (S303) or outputting a current in consideration of the characteristics of the target region (S403) includes the concentration of fine particles in the target region, the temperature of the target region, and the target region. It may include applying a voltage to the nozzle or outputting a current in consideration of the humidity of the .

For example, the controller may apply a voltage determined in proportion to the concentration of the fine particles in the target region to the nozzle or output a current determined with a positive correlation to the concentration of the fine particles in the target region through the nozzle. Also, for example, the controller may apply a voltage determined in proportion to the humidity of the target area to the nozzle or may output a current determined in proportion to the humidity of the target area through the nozzle.

39 is a flowchart for explaining an embodiment of a method for reducing the concentration of fine particles in the air. The method described in FIG. 39 may be performed by the apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles described herein.

Referring to FIG. 39 , the method for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment is based on the step of supplying fuel to the nozzle (S501), the step of applying a high voltage to the nozzle (S503), and the concentration of fine particles in the target area. It may include a step (S505) of reducing the ratio or less. The step of supplying fuel to the nozzle ( S501 ) and the step of applying a high voltage to the nozzle ( S503 ) may be implemented similarly to the above-described embodiments.

In the step of reducing the fine particle concentration by the reference ratio (S503), the control unit maintains the charged material so that the fine particle concentration of the target region is decreased from the first concentration to the second concentration reduced by the reference ratio from the first concentration. or continuous release. In the step of reducing the fine particle concentration by the reference ratio (S503), the controller continuously or continuously releases the charged material so that the concentration of the fine particles in the target region is reduced to the reference concentration reduced by the reference ratio compared to the initial concentration. may include

The step of reducing the fine particle concentration of the target region by the reference ratio ( S503 ) may include, by the controller, applying a voltage to the nozzle so that the fine particle concentration of the target region decreases by the reference ratio. The voltage applied to the nozzle may be determined such that the concentration of fine particles in the target area is reduced by a reference rate when a predetermined reference time elapses from the time the device is driven.

In the step (S503) of reducing the fine particle concentration of the target region by the reference ratio, the controller acquires the fine particle concentration of the target region using the sensor unit, and if the fine particle concentration of the target region does not decrease by the reference ratio, it is applied to the nozzle It may include maintaining the high voltage.

The fine particle concentration in the target region may mean an average fine particle concentration in the target region. The fine particle concentration of the target region may mean a concentration of fine particles sampled at a specific point within the target region.

40 is a flowchart illustrating a method of reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment. Referring to FIG. 40 , in the method of reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment, driving the device when the fine particle concentration of the target region is the first concentration ( S601 ) and the fine particle concentration of the target region is the second It may include a step (S603) of stopping the operation of the device when the concentration.

When the fine particle concentration of the target region is the first concentration, the step S601 of driving the device may include acquiring the fine particle concentration of the target region. When the fine particle concentration of the target region is the first concentration, the step of driving the device ( S601 ) may include determining whether the fine particle concentration is equal to or greater than the first concentration. Step S601 of driving the device when the fine particle concentration of the target region is the first concentration is to obtain the fine particle concentration of the target region, and when the fine particle concentration is equal to or greater than the first concentration, starting the fine particle management operation of the device may include

Stopping the operation of the device when the fine particle concentration of the target region is the second concentration ( S603 ) may include acquiring the fine particle concentration of the target region while maintaining the operation of the device. Stopping the operation of the device when the concentration of fine particles in the target region is the second concentration ( S603 ) may include determining whether the concentration of fine particles is equal to or less than the second concentration. Stopping the operation of the device when the fine particle concentration of the target region is the second concentration ( S603 ) may include stopping the fine particle management operation of the device when the fine particle concentration is less than or equal to the second concentration. The second concentration may be a value reduced by a predetermined ratio or value compared to the first concentration.

Although not shown in FIG. 40, in the method for reducing the concentration of fine particles illustrated in FIG. 40, after stopping the operation of the device when the concentration of the fine particles is the second concentration, when the concentration of the fine particles is the first concentration It may further include the step of driving the device again.

41 is a flowchart for explaining an embodiment of a method for reducing the concentration of fine particles in the air. Referring to FIG. 41 , the method for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment may include supplying fuel to the nozzle (S701) and outputting a current within a predetermined range through the nozzle (S703). there is.

The method of reducing the fine particle concentration illustrated in FIG. 41 may be performed by the apparatus described herein.

The step of outputting the current within a predetermined range through the nozzle ( S703 ) may include outputting, by the controller, the reference current to the target region through the combustion unit. The reference current may have a value within the reference range. The reference range may be determined in consideration of the size of the target area, time for outputting current, and the like. When the apparatus includes a nozzle array, the current applied to the individual nozzles may be determined in consideration of the number of nozzles included in the nozzle array.

For example, the range of the predetermined current may be between several tens of μA and several hundreds of mA. For example, the range of the predetermined current may be in the range of 100 μA to 10 mA. The predetermined range of current may range from 500 μA to 2 mA. If the device includes a nozzle array, the control unit may control the power supply so that the current output through the material charged by the flame nozzle array is within the predetermined range. can

As a specific example, when the device includes a single nozzle, the predetermined current range may be determined within 1 uA to 1 mA. Alternatively, when the device includes a nozzle array, the predetermined range of current may be determined within 10 uA to 10 mA.

2.3.2 Device management operation

According to an embodiment, a method of managing an apparatus for performing a method of reducing the concentration of fine particles in air may be provided.

The device for reducing the concentration of fine particles in air described herein may perform a method for managing a state of the device or an operation of reducing the fine particle concentration of the device. The device management method described below may be performed by the device described above in the present specification.

The method of managing the apparatus may be performed using an apparatus having a fine particle reduction mode in which a charged material is emitted to form a space charge in a target area, and a nozzle cleaning mode in which the nozzle is cleaned.

According to an embodiment, in the fine particle reduction mode, the device outputs a charged material at a low flow rate to form an electric field in the target area, and in the nozzle cleaning mode, fuel or gas at a higher flow rate than in the fine particle reduction mode The inner surface of the nozzle can be cleaned by printing.

The device described herein is capable of ejecting a charged material from a nozzle by applying a high voltage to an electrode positioned on the nozzle. In this case, due to the high voltage applied to the electrode, some components may be attached to the outside of the electrode as the device is driven. For example, when a negative voltage is applied to the electrode, a + ion component may adhere to the surface of the electrode or the surface inside the nozzle. A method of replacing an electrode or a nozzle may be used to remove these substances, but an additional nozzle cleaning method for extending the replacement cycle may also be used.

Referring to FIG. 42 , the method for managing the apparatus includes applying a first voltage to the nozzle (S801), supplying fuel to the nozzle at a first flow rate (S803), and a second flow rate different from the first flow rate to the nozzle It may include a step (S805) of supplying at a flow rate of two.

The step of applying the first voltage to the nozzle ( S801 ) may include, by the controller, providing the first voltage according to the fine particle reduction mode to the nozzle through a power source. The step of applying the first voltage to the nozzle ( S801 ) may include, by the controller, applying a voltage sufficient to discharge the charged material from the nozzle. The first voltage may be a voltage for causing electrospray to occur at the outlet of the nozzle. The step of applying the first voltage to the nozzle may be implemented similarly to the embodiments of the step of applying the voltage to the nozzle exemplified in relation to the method of reducing the concentration of fine particles.

The step of supplying fuel to the nozzle at the first flow rate ( S803 ) may include supplying the fuel to the nozzle by the control unit at the first flow rate according to the fine particle reduction mode through a power source. For example, the supplying of fuel to the nozzle at the first flow rate may include, by the controller, supplying fuel to the nozzle at a flow rate of 20 sccm to 3000 sccm through a fuel supply unit (eg, a mass flow controller).

The step of supplying fuel to the nozzle at a second flow rate different from the first flow rate ( S803 ) may include supplying fuel to the nozzle by the controller at a second flow rate according to the nozzle cleaning mode through a water supply unit or a pump. The step of supplying fuel to the nozzle at a second flow rate different from the first flow rate may include supplying fuel to the nozzle by the control unit at a second flow rate for removing foreign substances deposited or adhered to the nozzle through a water supply unit or a pump. can For example, the step of supplying the fuel at the second flow rate may include supplying the fuel at a flow rate of several hundred sccm or more per hour by the control unit through a water supply unit or a pump.

The step of supplying fuel at the second flow rate ( S805 ) may further include supplying a larger amount of outside air than in the step ( S803 ) of supplying fuel to the nozzle at the first flow rate. The step of supplying fuel at the second flow rate ( S805 ) may include supplying outside air at a rate of several hundred sccm or more without supplying fuel to the nozzle.

The method of managing the apparatus may further include applying a second voltage less than the first voltage to the nozzle. The method of managing the device may further include stopping voltage application to the nozzle.

The step of supplying fuel at the second flow rate ( S805 ) may include applying a voltage lower than that in the step ( S803 ) of supplying fuel to the electrode at the first flow rate. In the step of supplying fuel at a second flow rate different from the first flow rate ( S805 ), in a state in which the controller applies a second voltage smaller than the first voltage to the nozzle, the fuel is supplied to the nozzle at a second flow rate greater than the first flow rate ( S805 ). This may include supplying. In the step of supplying fuel at the second flow rate ( S805 ), the device may not apply a voltage to the electrode.

The nozzle cleaning mode may be initiated by a user input. The nozzle cleaning mode may be started when the value of the current output from the apparatus is equal to or less than a predetermined value, or when the amount of fuel discharged from the apparatus per unit time is equal to or less than the predetermined amount.

In the fine particle reduction mode, the device may output a charged material through combustion of fuel supplied to the nozzle at a first flow rate to form an electric field in the target region.

In the nozzle cleaning mode, the device may output fuel at a higher flow rate than in the fine particle reduction mode, but may not apply a voltage to the electrode.

Alternatively, in the nozzle cleaning mode, the device outputs fuel at a smaller flow rate than in the fine particle reduction mode, but outputs external air (or air) at a higher flow rate to clean the inside of the nozzle.

On the other hand, the device can manage the nozzle while maintaining the formation of an electric field or space charge in the target area. In other words, even when the device operates in the nozzle cleaning mode, a voltage may be applied to the nozzle so that a sufficient current is output through the nozzle. The nozzle management method reduces the flow rate of fuel supplied to the nozzle and increases the amount of outside air supplied to the nozzle while maintaining the current output from the device (or the amount of charge output per hour), thereby improving the fine particle reduction function of the device. This may include managing the nozzles while performing.

According to another embodiment, the apparatus may include a nozzle cleaning mode for cleaning the inner surface of the nozzle from which fuel is ejected.

The apparatus described herein may include an air pump for outputting gas. The air pump may optionally be connected to an air nozzle from which gas is output or a nozzle from which fuel is discharged. The apparatus may provide a gas to a nozzle that discharges the fuel through an air pump to clean the inner surface of the nozzle through which the fuel passes.

In the above, the method of removing foreign substances from the nozzle by increasing the flow rate and the method of cleaning the nozzle using air have been described, but the invention described herein is not limited thereto. For example, in the nozzle cleaning mode, the controller may clean or manage the nozzle by heating the nozzle, changing the property of liquid supplied to the nozzle, or changing the property of the voltage applied to the nozzle.

The method for managing a device may include acquiring state information or operation state information of the device, and transmitting it to the management device. The device may generally be located remotely from the management device (or management server). Accordingly, in order for a user or an administrator to recognize whether the internal state of the device or the fine particle reduction operation state of the device is a normal state, information needs to be transmitted to the management device.

The management device may be implemented as an external control device or an external control server. The management device may acquire, store, and manage device state information according to time.

43 is a flowchart for explaining an embodiment of a method of managing an apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles in the air. The device management method may be performed by a device including a sensor unit and a communication unit.

Referring to FIG. 43 , the method for managing a device may include obtaining status information by the device ( S901 ) and transmitting the status information to the management device ( S903 ).

The step ( S901 ) of the device acquiring the status information may include the controller acquiring status information of each unit constituting the device through the sensing unit. The state information may include whether a module constituting the device operates normally, whether a fine particle reduction operation is normally operated, and the like.

The step (S903) of the device transmitting the status information to the management device may include transmitting, by the controller, the acquired status information to an external management device through a communication unit. The transmitting of the status information to the management device may include, by the controller, generating a user guide based on the acquired status information, and outputting the generated guide to the management device.

Instead of outputting the status information to an external management device, the device may output the status information through an output unit provided in the device.

2.3.3 Charge density management operation

As the device continuously emits charge to form a space charge, the density of space charge near the nozzle of the device can increase. If the space charge density around the nozzle increases, when the same voltage is applied to the nozzle, the amount of the charged material ejected through the nozzle may be reduced. Alternatively, when the space charge density around the nozzle increases, the voltage applied to the voltage may increase to output the same current through the nozzle. In this case, problems such as a space charge not sufficiently covering the target area, a decrease in the efficiency of the device, and discharge from the nozzle may occur.

In relation to the above problem, a method for managing the space charge density around the nozzle, the voltage applied to the nozzle, or the amount of current emitted from the nozzle, and the like may be provided.

The apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles in air described herein may perform an operation for managing the space charge density around the nozzle. The methods and the like described below may be performed by the apparatus described herein.

According to an embodiment, the method for managing the space charge density around the nozzle includes managing the charge density around the fuel jet of the nozzle so that the voltage applied to the nozzle does not exceed a threshold value to output a current greater than or equal to a reference value. may include

44 is a flowchart for explaining an embodiment of a method for managing space charge density around a nozzle in air. The method of managing the voltage may be performed by a device including a particle dispersing unit (or a gas dispersing unit).

Referring to FIG. 44 , the method of managing the space charge density around the nozzle includes the steps of applying a high voltage to the nozzle (S1001), supplying fuel to the nozzle (S1003), and providing electric force to the particles (S1005) may include. The step of applying the high voltage to the nozzle ( S1001 ) and the step of supplying fuel to the nozzle ( S1001 ) may be implemented similarly to the above-described embodiments.

The step of providing the electric force to the particles ( S1005 ) may include the controller dispersing the charged particles by applying a non-electric force using the particle dispersing unit. The dispersing of the particles may include dispersing the charged particles by the controller applying a non-electric force in a direction away from the discharge port of the nozzle using the particle dispersing unit. The dispersing of the particles may include, by the control unit, applying a non-electric force to the periphery of the ejection openings using the particle dispersing unit to lower the charge density around the ejection openings of the nozzle. The non-electric force may refer to a physical force that does not have an electrical or magnetic effect on the charges emitted by the device. In the vicinity of the discharge port, the non-electric force applied to the charged material by the particle dispersing portion may be greater than the electric force applied to the charged material. In other words, a repulsive force due to space charges and a physical force due to the particle dispersing portion may act on the charged material located near the discharge port. In this case, in the vicinity of the discharge port, the magnitude of the physical force by the particle dispersing unit acting on the charged material may be greater than the repulsive force due to the space charge acting on the charged material.

The step of dispersing the particles ( S1005 ) may include injecting the gas toward a position slightly spaced apart from the flame outlet of the nozzle by the control unit using the gas ejection unit. The dispersing of the particles ( S1005 ) may include injecting the gas in a direction away from the outlet of the nozzle by the controller using the gas ejection unit. The dispersing of the particles may include, by the controller, injecting the gas using an air nozzle arranged in a direction parallel to a nozzle from which the fuel is emitted.

2.3.4 Time series control operation

According to one embodiment, in the method of managing the concentration of fine particles, when the device is operated for a predetermined time or more, a method of performing different controls according to time for effective control of the concentration of fine particles may be provided. The following methods and the like may be performed by the apparatus described herein.

The device described herein emits a charged material to form a space charge in a target area, and charges the microparticles in the target area so that the charged microparticles are affected by the space charge or the electric field by the space charge. can be pushed out to The operations or effects of these devices may be sequentially performed over time. In other words, the device may behave differently over time. The device may be controlled differently over time.

Figure 45 (a) is a simplified view of the device and the surroundings of the device immediately after starting the driving of the device or a short time after starting the driving of the device.

Referring to FIG. 45A , the device may supply a material CS having a negative charge to a target region in which the fine particles FP are distributed by applying a first voltage V1 to the nozzle.

Referring to (a) of FIG. 45 , near the time of driving the device, the total amount of electric charge emitted from the device is small, so that the space charge density may be very low around the device or in the target region.

45( b ) simply shows the device and the surroundings of the device when the device is driven for a certain period of time, for example, several seconds after driving the device.

Referring to FIG. 45B , the device may supply a material CS having a negative charge to a target region by applying a second voltage V2 to the nozzle.

Referring to (b) of FIG. 45 , when a predetermined time or more has elapsed after the device is driven, space charges may be formed around the device and in the target region by the charges emitted from the device. In this case, the space charge density distribution may be maintained by the charges emitted from the device, and the formed space charges may have a high density in the vicinity of the device, and the density may decrease as the distance from the device increases. In addition, when a predetermined time or more elapses after driving the device, the fine particles FP in the target area may be at least partially charged.

45(c) is a simplified view of the device and its surroundings when the device is sufficiently driven, for example, several tens of minutes after driving the device.

Referring to (c) of FIG. 45 , the device may apply a third voltage V3 to the nozzle to emit a material CS having a negative charge.

Referring to (c) of FIG. 45 , as the device supplies the electric charge for a sufficient time, the space charge formed around the device is maintained, and the fine particles (FP) in the target region are pushed out by the influence of the retained space charge. can

Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 23 (a) to (c), a method for controlling the concentration of fine particles and the like will be described.

46 is a view for explaining a method for managing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment. Referring to FIG. 46 , the method for managing the concentration of fine particles includes applying a first voltage to the nozzle at a first time point and performing a first supply of supplying a charged material ( S1101 ) and a second time point to the nozzle. It may include applying a second voltage and performing a second supply of supplying a charged material ( S1103 ).

At the first time point, the device and its surroundings may be in the state described with reference to FIG. 23A . At the second time point, the device and its surroundings may be in the state described with reference to FIG. 23B .

The step of applying a first voltage to the nozzle at a first time and performing a first supply of supplying a charged material (S1101) is such that the control unit discharges the charged material from the end of the nozzle using the power supply unit, It may include applying a high voltage to the nozzle. In the step (S1101) of applying a first voltage to the nozzle at a first time and performing a first supply of supplying a charged material (S1101), the control unit uses a power source, and the amount of charge emitted per hour from the nozzle (that is, the nozzle current) ) may include applying a first voltage to the nozzle so that it is equal to or greater than the first current. The step of performing the first supply ( S1101 ) may include supplying a material having an electric charge so that the amount of charge emitted per time from the nozzle becomes the first amount of charge.

In the step (S1103) of applying a second voltage to the nozzle at a second time and performing a second supply of supplying a charged material (S1103), the control unit uses the power supply unit at a second time point later than the first time point, the nozzle It may include applying a second voltage smaller than the first voltage to the .

In the step S1103 of applying a second voltage to the nozzle at a second time and performing a second supply of supplying a material having an electric charge (S1103), the controller uses the power supply at a second time point later than the first time point, the nozzle It may include applying a second voltage greater than the first voltage to the . The performing of the second supply includes applying a second voltage greater than the first voltage to the nozzle so that the current output through the nozzle at the second time point is not less than the first current that is the current output through the nozzle at the first time point. may include doing

In the step S1103 of applying a second voltage to the nozzle at a second time point and performing a second supply of supplying a charged material ( S1103 ), the second time point is later than the first time point, and is discharged by the device near the material outlet at a second time point. and applying a second voltage to the nozzle to overcome a potential due to a space charge formed based at least in part on the charged charge and to eject the charged material. The second voltage may be greater than the first voltage so that the amount of charge per time (ie, nozzle current) emitted from the nozzle at the first time point and the second time point is the same.

In the step S1103 of applying a second voltage to the nozzle at a second time and performing a second supply of supplying a material having an electric charge (S1103), the controller uses the power supply at a second time point later than the first time point, the nozzle It may include performing a second supply so that a second current smaller than the first current output at the first point in time is output.

The step of applying a second voltage to the nozzle at a second time and performing a second supply of supplying a charged material (S1103) is performed by the controller using the flame nozzle assembly at a second time point later than the first time point. , performing a second feed such that the material produced by the second feed moves at a faster rate than the material emitted by the first feed.

The method for managing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment includes the steps of applying a first voltage to the nozzle in a first time period and performing a first supply of supplying a charged material, and a second time period later than the first time period and applying a second voltage to the nozzle in the liver and performing a second supply of supplying a charged material.

Performing the first supply in the first time period may include discharging a first amount of charge. The performing the first supply in the first time period may include discharging the charged material such that an average amount of charge emitted per unit time through the nozzle during the first time period becomes the first amount of charge.

Performing the second supply in the second time period may include discharging a second amount of charge greater than the first amount of charge. The step of performing the second supply in the second time period may include, in the first time period, an average amount of discharge charge emitted per unit time through the nozzle during the first time period, a second charge amount greater than the first charge amount, which is an average discharge charge amount in the first time period. It may include discharging a material that is preferably charged.

47 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of a voltage applied to an electrode positioned in a nozzle of an apparatus and a current output from the nozzle at a first time point t1 and a second time point t2.

Referring to FIG. 47 , in the method of controlling the apparatus, a first current I1 is emitted through a nozzle at a first time point and a second time point, and a first voltage V1 is applied to an electrode positioned in the nozzle at the first time point. and applying the second voltage V2 to the electrode positioned at the nozzle at the second time point.

The control method of the apparatus may include increasing a voltage applied to an electrode positioned at the nozzle at the second time point higher than at the first time point in order to keep the current outputted through the nozzle constant at the first time point and the second time point. can In order to overcome the problem of reducing the amount of charge emitted from the device as the charge density around the nozzle increases and output a constant current, the control method of the device is applied to the electrode positioned in the nozzle at the second time point rather than at the first time point. It may include applying a high voltage.

48 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of a voltage applied to an electrode positioned in a nozzle of an apparatus and a current output from the nozzle at a first time point t1 and a second time point t2.

Referring to FIG. 48 , in the method of controlling the apparatus, a first voltage V1 is applied to electrodes positioned at the nozzle at first and second time points, and a first current I1 is emitted through the nozzle at the first time point. and discharging the second current I2 through the nozzle at the second time point.

The method of controlling the apparatus may include outputting a lower current at the second time point than at the first time point in order to constantly maintain a voltage applied to the electrode positioned at the nozzle at the first time point and the second time point. The control method of the apparatus may include maintaining the voltage value so that the voltage applied to the electrode positioned in the nozzle does not exceed a reference value, but the amount of current output through the apparatus is maximized.

2.3.5 Feedback control operation

According to an embodiment, a method of controlling an apparatus for managing the concentration of fine particles in air performs feedback control based on information obtained during operation, for example, feedback control for changing a control state using the obtained information. may include doing A method of controlling an apparatus described below may be performed by the apparatus or apparatus described herein.

49 is a view for explaining a method of managing the concentration of fine particles in the air. 49 , the method of managing the concentration of fine particles in the air includes the steps of controlling the device according to the first control condition (S1201), acquiring information (S1203), and controlling the device according to the second control condition. It may include the step of controlling (S1205).

The step of controlling the device according to the first control condition ( S1201 ) may include applying, by the controller, a first voltage to the nozzle of the device. The controlling of the device according to the first control condition ( S1201 ) may include outputting, by the controller, a first current through a nozzle of the device. The step of controlling the device according to the first control condition ( S1201 ) may include burning, by the controller, the fuel supplied at a first flow rate through the combustion unit.

The step of obtaining information ( S1203 ) may include obtaining, by the control unit, state information of units constituting the apparatus by using a sensor unit. For example, the step of obtaining information ( S1203 ) may include obtaining the temperature of the nozzle, the voltage applied to the nozzle, the amount of fuel remaining in the fuel container, the temperature of the nozzle, power supplied to the device, and the like.

The step of obtaining the information ( S1203 ) may include obtaining, by the control unit, operation information related to the operation of the device by using the sensor unit. For example, the acquiring information ( S1203 ) may include acquiring a current emitted from the nozzle, a charge density around the nozzle, an electric field strength of the target region, a charge density of the target region, or a fine particle concentration of the target region.

The step of obtaining information ( S1203 ) may include obtaining, by the controller, environment information on the environment of a specific area. For example, the step of obtaining the information ( S1203 ) may include obtaining the temperature, humidity, wind speed, airflow, weather, or air pressure of the target area.

The step of obtaining information ( S1203 ) may include obtaining, by the control unit, information from an external device using a communication unit. For example, the step of obtaining information ( S1203 ) may include obtaining, by the control unit, environment information from an external sensor device, an external server, or the like, using a communication unit.

The step of controlling the device based on the acquired information ( S1205 ) may include, by the controller, controlling the device based on the acquired information.

The step of controlling the device based on the acquired information ( S1205 ) may include, by the controller, notifying the external device in consideration of the acquired state information or operation information. The control unit may transmit status information or operation information to an external server or an external control device through the communication unit. When the acquired state information or operation information is out of a normal range, the controller may transmit the state information to an external device.

For example, the controller may obtain status information in which the amount of fuel stored in the fuel container is less than or equal to a certain amount, and output a notification indicating that the stored fuel is insufficient to an external device. Alternatively, when power is not properly supplied to the device, the voltage applied to the nozzle is out of an appropriate range, or the current output from the nozzle is out of an appropriate range, the control unit sends a notification informing of the state of the device to the external device. can be output as

The step of controlling the device based on the obtained information ( S1205 ) may include, by the controller, changing the operation state according to the second condition in consideration of the obtained operation information. When the obtained operation information is different from the predicted operation information, the control unit may control the apparatus according to a second control condition different from the first condition.

For example, controlling the device according to the second condition may include, when the current value output from the nozzle is smaller than the predicted value, the controller may increase the voltage applied to the nozzle higher than the voltage according to the first control condition. Controlling the device according to the second condition may include, when the charge density of the target region is smaller than the predicted charge density, the controller may increase the current output through the nozzle higher than the current according to the first control condition.

The controller may transmit operation information to an external control device and control the device according to a second control command generated based on the operation information. For example, the control unit transmits the obtained nozzle current value to an external control device, the external control device compares the obtained nozzle current value with the predicted nozzle current value to generate a second control command, and the device generates a second control command from the external control device. A second control command may be obtained, and an operation may be performed according to the second control command.

The step of controlling the device based on the obtained information ( S1205 ) may include, by the controller, controlling the device according to the second control condition in consideration of the obtained environment information. The controller may control the device according to a second control condition determined differently from the first control condition in consideration of the obtained environment information.

For example, the controller may control the device by changing control conditions such as a flow rate of fuel supplied to the nozzle, a voltage applied to the nozzle, and an amount of air supplied to the nozzle in consideration of the fine particle concentration of the target region. For example, when the concentration of fine particles in the target region is equal to or greater than the reference value, the control unit may control the device according to the second control condition, the control unit may control the device such that the flow rate supplied to the nozzle is greater than the first control condition. may include Alternatively, controlling the device according to the second control condition may include, by the controller, applying a voltage higher than the first control condition to the nozzle.

As a specific example, the controller may control the power supply unit according to the environment information. For example, the controller may control the power unit in consideration of temperature information, humidity information, or fine particle concentration of the target region. As a specific example, when the concentration of fine particles in the target region is a first value, the control unit controls the power supply to output a first current through the flame nozzle assembly, and when the concentration of fine particles in the target region is a second value greater than the first value , it is possible to control the power supply unit to output a second current greater than the first current through the flame nozzle assembly.

Meanwhile, when the device includes an output unit, the controlling of the device may further include outputting, by the controller, the acquired state information through the output unit. Outputting the information may include outputting, by the controller, status information, operation information, environment information, etc. of the device in the form of visual information or voice information through a display screen or a speaker.

Meanwhile, the step of obtaining the information ( S1203 ) may include obtaining the first information at a first time point and obtaining the second information at a second time point. In this case, in the step of controlling the device according to the second control condition ( S1205 ), the controller compares the first information obtained at the first time point with the second information obtained at the second time point according to the second control condition determined It may include controlling the device.

As an example, the acquiring information ( S1203 ) includes acquiring a first value that is the space charge density of the target region at a first time point, and acquiring a second value that is the space charge density of the target region at a second time point can do. At this time, when the second value is smaller than the first value, in the step of controlling the device according to the control condition ( S1205 ), the controller applies a second voltage higher than the first voltage applied to the nozzle according to the first control condition to the nozzle. This may include authorization.

A method of controlling an apparatus may include performing history control based on the obtained information. When the measured values according to time are sufficiently secured, history control may be possible. The control unit may perform history control using a time-series change of a measurement value obtained through the sensor unit or the communication unit.

For example, the control unit may acquire external humidity information according to time through the sensor unit or the communication unit. The controller may perform history control by using the humidity information according to time and control information according to time. For example, the controller may acquire a relationship between a control operation (eg, a control command obtained from a user or an external control device) according to a predetermined environmental change pattern based on the accumulated humidity information for each hour and control information according to time. The controller may perform a control operation according to the measured wind speed value based on the relationship between the wind speed change pattern and the control operation.

2.3.6 Examples

61 is a view for explaining an apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 61 , the method for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment includes the steps of providing fuel to a fuel outlet (S1501), changing the flame nozzle assembly to a combustion active state (S1503), and applying a second voltage to the electrode and providing a material having a negative charge to the target region by applying ( S1505 ).

According to an embodiment of the invention described in this specification, one end is formed narrower than the other end, the nozzle housing for accommodating the fuel flowing in from the other end, the fuel spout formed around the one end and the fuel is ejected, and the fuel is mixed A flame nozzle assembly comprising an air inlet through which the used air is introduced, a fuel supply module for supplying fuel to the flame nozzle assembly, and an electrode positioned within the nozzle housing of the flame nozzle assembly - The electrode is at least partially coupled to a flame generated by combustion of the fuel. -, to reduce the fine particle concentration of the target area using a fine particle concentration reduction device including a power supply supplying power and a controller for reducing the fine particle concentration of the target area through the flame nozzle assembly using the power source A method for reducing the concentration of fine particles, comprising the steps of: a controller providing fuel to a fuel jet through a fuel supply module; the controller applying a first voltage to the flame nozzle assembly to cause the flame nozzle assembly to be burned at the fuel jet. changing to an active state and, when the flame nozzle assembly is in an active combustion state, applying a second voltage, the negative voltage, to the electrode to provide a negatively charged material to the target area. there is. The electrode may be provided in the form of a pin that at least partially protrudes to the outside of the fuel outlet.

The apparatus for reducing the fine particle concentration may include a plurality of flame nozzle assemblies, and the plurality of flame nozzle assemblies may be arranged in a lattice form spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance.

The controller applying the second high voltage to the electrode may include applying a second high voltage voltage to the first electrode and the second electrode when the first flame nozzle assembly and the second flame nozzle assembly are in a combustion active state. .

The controller applying the first high voltage to the flame nozzle assembly may include applying the first high voltage to the ignition electrode such that the flame nozzle assembly is in a combustion-activated state when the flame nozzle assembly is in a combustion inactive state in which no fuel is combusted. may include more.

The controller applying the first high voltage to the flame nozzle assembly may further include applying, by the controller, a high voltage pulse to the electrode to ignite the fuel.

The step of the controller providing the fuel to the fuel spout may include supplying the fuel at a first flow rate.

The method for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment may further include supplying external air to the air inlet at a second flow rate determined to have a positive correlation with the first flow rate using an air pump.

62 is a view for explaining an apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 62 , the method for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment includes the steps of providing fuel to the fuel jets illustrated in relation to FIG. 61 ( S1501 ), and changing the flame nozzle assembly to a combustion active state ( S1503 ). ) and providing a negatively charged material to the target region by applying a second voltage to the electrode (S1505), forming space charges in the target region (S1507), charging fine particles in the target region It may further include a step (S1509) and a step (S1511) of providing an electric force to the fine particles.

In the method for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment, when the controller supplies a material having a negative charge to the target region, the controller applies a second high voltage to the electrode to prevent the release of cations generated by combustion of fuel and supplying a material having a negative charge generated by combustion of the fuel to the target region.

In the method for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment, the controller applies a second high voltage to the electrode to supply a material having a negative charge to the target area when the flame nozzle assembly is in the combustion active state to provide a space in the target area It may further include the step of forming an electric charge.

In the method for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment, the controller applies a second high voltage to the electrode to supply a material having a negative charge to the target area when the flame nozzle assembly is in an active combustion state The method may further include charging the particles.

In the method for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment, the controller applies a second high voltage to the electrode when the flame nozzle assembly is in the combustion active state to supply a material having a negative charge to the target region to maintain space charge and providing an electric force in a direction away from the device for reducing the concentration of fine particles to the fine particles in the target region through space charges.

2.4 Outdoor Fine Particle Concentration Reduction System

2.4.1 Outdoor installation

According to an embodiment of the invention described herein, the operation of reducing the concentration of fine particles may be used to decrease the concentration of fine particles in an outdoor space.

In the present specification, the outdoor space may mean a space having substantially the same environmental conditions as the atmosphere. It can be understood that the outdoor space described in this specification corresponds to an outdoor space when the influence of temperature, humidity, wind, etc. acts the same as in the atmosphere, even in the case of a space surrounded by structures such as some wall and ceiling structures. .

The operation of reducing the concentration of fine particles described herein may be performed by an apparatus installed in an outdoor space. The device installed in the outdoor space can reduce the concentration of fine particles in the outdoor target area. For example, the apparatus described herein may be installed in an apartment complex, a playground, an outdoor performance hall, a school, an industrial complex, a park, and the like to reduce the concentration of fine particles.

2.4.2 Single device system

50 is a view for explaining a system for reducing fine particles according to an embodiment of the invention described herein. Referring to FIG. 50 , the system for reducing fine particles according to an embodiment may include a first device, a second device, a server, and a user device.

The first device may be a device for reducing the concentration of fine particles described herein. The first device may be a device for reducing the concentration of fine particles in the target region.

The first device may communicate with the server. The first device may receive a control command from the server and operate based on the received control information. The first device may receive the environment information from the server. The first device may receive the control information determined according to the environment information from the server and operate based thereon. The first device may transmit device information to the server. The first device may transmit device information to the server. For example, the first device may transmit status information or operation information to the server.

The first device may communicate directly with the second device. The first device may obtain information (eg, environment information) from the second device, and operate based on the obtained information.

The first device may include a sensor unit and obtain status information, operation information, or environment information.

The second device may be a device that performs a function different from that of the first device. The second device may be a device installed in or around the target area of the first device. For example, the second device may be a sensor device that acquires environment information in a target area corresponding to the first device or in the vicinity of the device.

The second device may include a sensor unit and acquire environmental information in the target area or in the vicinity of the device. For example, the second device may acquire charge density, humidity, temperature, or weather information of the target region. Alternatively, the second device may acquire charge density, humidity, or temperature information in the vicinity of the first device.

The second device may transmit the environment information to the first device, the user device, or the server. The second device may transmit the environment information in response to the request of the first device or the server.

The fine particle concentration reduction system may include a plurality of sensor devices (ie, the second device in FIG. 28 ).

For example, the fine particle concentration system may include a first sensor device positioned a first distance apart from the first device and a second sensor device positioned a second distance apart from the first device. Alternatively, the system may include a first sensor device spaced a first distance from the ground and a second sensor device spaced a second distance from the ground. The system may include a first sensor device for acquiring first information and a second sensor device for acquiring second information. For example, the first sensor device obtains a space charge density or a concentration of fine particles at a location a first distance from the first device, and the second sensor device obtains a space charge density at a location a second distance from the first device. Alternatively, the concentration of fine particles may be obtained. According to an embodiment, the first information and the second information may be distinguished from each other. For example, the first sensor device may acquire charge density and the concentration of fine particles on the ground, and the second sensor device may acquire weather information such as temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind, etc. at a location several tens of meters away from the ground. .

The server may manage the fine particle concentration reduction operation of the first device. The server may store programs or data and communicate with an external device. The server may be a cloud server. The server may communicate with a device not shown in FIG. 50 .

The server may store device information.

The server may store first device identification information for identifying the first device. The server may store first location information for identifying a location where the first device is installed. The server may store first installation environment information regarding the installation environment characteristics of the first device. For example, the server may store the first installation environment information indicating whether the location where the first device is installed is indoors or outdoors, or whether the location where the first device is installed is a residential complex or an industrial complex.

The server may communicate with the first device, the second device and/or the user device. The server may intermediary between the user device and the first device and/or the second device. The server may store the information obtained from the first device or the second device or transmit it to the user device.

As an example, the server may obtain state information or operation information of the device from the first device. The server may transmit the state information or operation information obtained from the first device to the user device. The server may transmit a guide message generated based on the status information or operation information obtained from the first device to the user device.

As another example, the server may obtain environment information in the vicinity of the target area or the first device from the second device. The server may transmit the obtained environment information to the user device. The server may deliver a guide message generated based on the obtained environment information to the user device.

As another example, the server may obtain control information or control commands for the first device and/or the second device from the user device. The server may transmit the control information or control command obtained from the user device to the first device or the second device. The server may identify the destination based on the control information or the control command obtained from the user device, and transmit the control information or the control command to the identified destination.

As another example, the server may obtain status information or operation information from the first device. The server may transmit the control information or control command generated based on the obtained information to the second device. The server may obtain environment information from the second device. The server may transmit the control information or the control command generated based on the environment information to the first device.

The server may control the fine particle concentration reduction system to manage the fine particle concentration of the target area. The server may generate a control command for controlling the device or control information underlying the control command.

The server may store a program, an application, a web application, a web page, etc. (hereinafter, an application) for managing the concentration of fine particles. The server may generate control information or control commands through the application. The server may generate control command information or a control command to cause the first device to perform a fine particle concentration reduction operation, a device management operation, a charge density management operation, a time series control operation, and/or a feedback control operation through the application.

The server may generate control information or a control command for controlling the first device or the second device. The server may generate control information or a control command based on information obtained from the first device, the second device, or the user device.

The server may generate control information or a control command for controlling the first device based on the information obtained from the first device. For example, the server may obtain the state information or operation information of the device from the first device, and generate control information or a control command in consideration of the obtained information. As an example, the server may obtain status information regarding the amount of discharge of charge from the nozzle of the device, and generate a control command for causing the first device to initiate the nozzle cleaning mode when the amount of discharge of charge is less than a reference value.

The server may generate control information or a control command for controlling the first device based on the information obtained from the second device. For example, the server may obtain the charge density of the target region from the second device, and when the charge density is equal to or less than a reference value, the server may generate a control command for applying a voltage higher than a default value to the nozzle of the first device.

The server may obtain control information and generate a control command based on the control information. For example, the server may obtain first control information for the first device from the user device, and generate a first control command based on the first control information. The server may obtain control information on the first target area from the user device and generate a first control command for controlling the first device corresponding to the first target area. As a specific example, the server acquires control information including the target fine particle concentration reduction level of the target area, and based on the control information, a control value for controlling the device, for example, a control including a nozzle applied voltage, a gas emission amount, etc. You can create commands.

The server may transmit control information or a control command to the first device or the second device.

For example, the server may transmit the control information to the first device so that the first device generates a control command based on the control information and operates according to the control command. Alternatively, the server may transmit control information to the first device so that the first device operates according to the control command.

As another example, the server may transmit the control information to the second device so that the second device generates a control command based on the control information and operates according to the control command. Alternatively, the server may transmit the control information to the first device so that the second device operates according to the control command. For example, the server may transmit, to the second device, a control command for controlling the second device to acquire environment information of the target area.

The server may store the acquired information. The server may store information obtained from the first device to the second device, control information generated by the server, control commands, control information obtained from the user device, and/or control commands.

The server may store information obtained from the first device or the second device.

The server may store state information and operation information of the first device obtained from the first device. The server may store environment information and the like obtained from the second device. The server may store the information acquired from the first device or the second device together with the acquisition time of the information. For example, the server may store the temperature information of the target area obtained from the second device together with the time when the second information measures the temperature or the time when the server acquires the temperature information from the second information.

The server may store control information or control commands generated by the server, or control information or control commands obtained from the user device. For example, the server may store the first control information and the first control command for the first device together with the information of the first device.

The server can match and store and manage heterogeneous information.

The server may associate and store information obtained from each device.

For example, the server may store the information obtained from the first device in association with the environment information obtained from the first area. The server may store the nozzle state information of the device obtained from the first device in association with the charge density information of the target region obtained from the second device.

The server may store the information obtained from the device in association with the control command.

For example, the server may store information obtained from the first device in association with a first control command (or first control information) for the first device. As a specific example, the server may associate and store the first state information obtained from the first device and the first control command generated based at least in part on the first state information.

As another example, the server may store the environment information obtained from the first device or the second device in association with the control command. The server may associate and store the first environment information obtained from the target area in which the first device is located and the first control command generated based at least in part on the first environment information.

The server may provide a control command to the first device using the matched information.

The server may predict the second information according to the first information by using a database in which the first information and the second information are associated and stored. The server uses a database in which the change pattern of the second information according to the change pattern of the first information over time is stored, and predicts the change of the second information over time based on the change of the first information over time. can The server may predict the second information using a logical algorithm or a neural network model.

The server uses a database in which information acquired from the first device and a control command for the first device (eg, a control command for the first device acquired from the user device) are stored in association with the information acquired from the first device. It is possible to generate a control command based on it.

The server uses a database in which the environment information acquired from the second device and a control command for the first device (eg, a control command for the first device acquired from the user device) are stored in association with the information acquired from the second device A control command may be generated based on the .

The server may predict the second information based on the first device or the first information obtained from the second device, and may generate a control command according to the second information. For example, the server predicts the operation information (eg, the amount of output current) of the device based on the environmental information (eg, humidity information) obtained from the first device or the second device, and a control command according to the predicted operation information (eg, control commands regarding nozzle voltage).

Meanwhile, although FIG. 28 illustrates a case in which the server is configured as a separate and separate physical device, the server may be included in the first device. For example, the first device may include a server and perform the above-described operation of the server. In other words, the first device stores information obtained from the first device and/or the second device, communicates with the user device to transmit information to the user device, and obtains control information from the user device, and performs operation of the first device The above-described operation of the server device may be performed, such as generating or managing a control command for , and controlling the operation of the first device.

The user device may obtain a user input and communicate with the server or each device of the fine particle concentration reduction system to manage the fine particle concentration of the target area.

The user device may drive a program, an application, a web application, a web page, etc. (hereinafter, an application) for managing the concentration of fine particles. The user device may provide information obtained from the first device or the second device to the user through the application, and obtain user input information.

The user device may include a display unit and/or an input unit. The user device may provide information obtained from the first device, the second device, and/or the server to the user through the display unit. The user device may obtain information related to the operation of the first device or the second device from the user through the input unit.

The user device may provide a user interface. The user device may obtain a user input through the user interface and provide the user with information obtained from the first device, the second device, or the server.

The user device may communicate with the server device, the first device and/or the second device. The user device may communicate with the first device, the second device, and/or the server to obtain device state information, device operation information, or environment information such as a target area.

The user device may generate a control command. The user device may obtain control information and generate a control command based on the control information. For example, the user device obtains a nozzle output current value for the first device or a radius R value of the target area for the first device from the user through the user interface, and a control command, for example, a nozzle applied voltage, based on the obtained value It is possible to generate a control command including the like.

The user device may transmit the generated control command to the server, the first device, or the second device.

51 to 54 are diagrams for explaining the operation of the fine particle concentration reduction system according to an embodiment of the present specification. 51 to 54 , the fine particle concentration reduction system may reduce the fine particle concentration in the target region TR.

51 is a view for explaining a fine particle reduction system according to an embodiment of the invention described herein.

Referring to FIG. 51 , the fine particle reduction system may include an apparatus 100 for managing the concentration of fine particles. The device 100 may emit a negatively charged material CS to form a negative space charge around the device.

Referring to FIG. 51 , although not shown, the device 100 may be installed on an object or structure. The installation location of the device may be determined in consideration of the space charge formed by the device 100 and the shape of the electric field resulting therefrom. The device 100 may be installed so that a region in which the device forms a space charge covers a region in which a concentration reduction of fine particles is required. For example, the device may be installed on the roof of a building or on an outdoor structure. If the device is to be installed on a structure, an insulating material may be used as required. With respect to the installation method of the device, it will be described in more detail in the device installation method to be described later.

The device 100 may have an effective radius R. The effective radius may mean a radius of the target area TR of the device 100 . The effective radius may mean a radius of a region in which the device can reduce the concentration of fine particles by a reference rate within a reference time.

The device may have a dome-shaped target area TR. The target region TR may mean a region in which the device can reduce the concentration of fine particles by a reference rate within a reference time. The target area TR may be determined according to a height H and an effective radius R of the device from the ground. The shape of the target area TR of the device may be changed according to environmental factors. For example, when there is wind in the target area, it may have a dome shape biased along the wind direction.

The device may be installed at a location spaced apart from the ground by a predetermined distance (H). The height (H) or effective radius (R) of the device from the ground may be determined in consideration of the operating efficiency of the device. The device may be installed at a position spaced apart from the ground by a predetermined ratio with respect to the effective radius R. For example, the device may be installed at a location spaced apart from the ground by a height H having a value between 1/2 and 2 times the effective radius R. For example, a device having an effective radius of 30 m may be installed at a location spaced 50 m from the ground.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 51 , the fine particle reduction system according to the embodiment may include the sensor device SD installed in the target area. The sensor device SD may be installed at a location within the target area TR. As an example, the sensor device SD may be installed at a location spaced apart by an effective radius R from a point where the device (or a structure in which the device is installed) is located. As another example, the sensor device SD may be located near the device.

The sensor device may acquire environment information of the target area TR. For example, the sensor device may obtain environmental information including any one of temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, airflow (eg, wind speed), air quality (eg, concentration of fine dust), and density of space charge within the target area. there is. The sensor device may acquire environment information at a location where the sensor device is installed. The sensor device may acquire environmental information and transmit it to a device for reducing the concentration of fine particles, a server, or a user device.

Meanwhile, the fine particle reduction system may include a plurality of sensor devices. For example, the fine particle reduction system is a first sensor device that is installed at a first distance away from the device 100 and acquires first information, and a first sensor device that is installed at a second distance away from the device 100 and acquires second information. A second sensor device may be included. The first information and the second information may be at least partially distinguished.

The first sensor device may be installed at a location spaced apart from the ground GND by a first distance. The second sensor device may be installed at a location spaced a second distance from the ground GND. In this case, any one of the first distance and the second distance may be substantially equal to the height H at which the device is installed.

As an example, the first sensor device may acquire a space charge density or a concentration of fine particles at a location separated from the device 100 by an effective radius R of the device. The second sensor device may acquire a space charge density in the vicinity of the device 100 . As another example, the first sensor device acquires the charge density and the concentration of fine particles in the ground GND, and the second sensor device obtains the temperature, humidity, Weather information such as air pressure and wind can be acquired.

Referring to FIG. 52 , the device 100 may provide a charged material CS. For example, the device 100 may emit a material having a negative charge to supply the material CS having a charge to the target region TR.

The device 100 may output a current within a predetermined range. The apparatus 100 may operate so that the amount of charge output per time through the nozzle (or nozzle array) is within a predetermined range. For example, the device 100 may output a current between 100 μA and 10 mA through the nozzle. The device may output a first current.

The device 100 may initiate emission of the charged material when the concentration of the fine particles FP in the target region TR is the first concentration. The first concentration may be an initial concentration of the fine particles FP.

Referring to FIG. 52 , the sensor device SD may acquire environment information. For example, the sensor device SD may acquire temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind speed, wind direction, concentration of fine particles or charge density, and the like. The sensor device SD may start acquiring environment information in response to the device 100 initiating an operation. According to an embodiment, the sensor device SD may acquire environment information and transmit it to the server or the device 100 .

According to an embodiment, the device 100 may start driving based on the environment information obtained from the sensor device SD. For example, when information on the concentration of the fine particles exceeding the reference value is obtained from the sensor device SD, the discharge of the charged material CS may be started.

The device 100 may operate based on the environment information obtained from the sensor device SD. For example, the device 100 provides a physical quantity determined based on environmental information obtained from the sensor device SD, for example, environmental information such as humidity, temperature, temperature, atmospheric pressure, wind speed, for example, a voltage applied to an electrode or a nozzle. It can operate according to the flow rate (or flow rate) of the fuel used and the flow rate of air provided to the nozzle. As a specific example, when the concentration of fine particles in the target region TR obtained by the sensor device SD is higher than the reference value, the device 100 may apply a voltage higher than the default value to the nozzle.

Referring to FIG. 53 , the fine particle concentration reduction system may form space charges in the target region TR.

Referring to FIG. 53 , the device 100 may continuously or repeatedly output a charged material. The device 100 may continuously or repeatedly output a charged material to form a space charge in the target region TR. Device 100 may form a space charge with a highest charge density near the device (eg, near the fuel vent of a flame nozzle) and with a lower charge density away from device 100 .

The space charge formed can form an electric field. According to an example, the equipotential lines (EPL) and the electric field lines (EFL) of the electric field formed by the device 100 may be formed as illustrated in FIG. 53 . Referring to FIG. 53 , the electric force line formed by the device 100 may be formed in a direction from the ground toward the device.

The device 100 may continuously or repeatedly output a charged material to at least partially charge the fine particles FD in the target region TR. For example, the fine particles FD in the target region TR may have a negative charge under the influence of a space charge formed by the device. The charging of the fine particles may be due to charging (Field charging) as electrons moving by an electric field collide with the fine particles or by charging (Diffusion charging) by random motion of electric charges.

The device 100 may supply a sufficient amount of electrons to the target region for charging the fine particles. The device 100 may supply tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of electrons to the target region of the number of fine particles. The number of electrons supplied by the device may depend on the effective radius of the device and/or the power supplied.

^{Here, the case of 35μg/m 3} of ultrafine dust of PM2.5 or less will be described as an example. The device 100 may supply electrons to the target region TR by 100,000 times or more of the number of fine particles. In the case of ^{35μg/m 3} of ultrafine particles of PM2.5 or less, 2.67 ultrafine particles per ^{1cm 3 may exist.} At this time, when the supply power of the device is 1 kW, 286,000 charged particles may be supplied. Of these, 638 charges attached to fine dust can be counted. Since 239 electrons are attached to each particle of fine dust, the fine dust can have a negative charge. For example, when the device maintains an operation state of outputting 286,000 charged particles per unit time for 1 hour, the concentration of fine particles in a target area within a radius of 30 m from the device may be reduced by 90% or more. In other words, a device having an effective radius of 30 m can operate with a supply power of 1 kW in an environment where ^{PM2.5 or less of ultrafine dust is 35 μg/m 3 .}

The sensor device SD may acquire environment information according to an operation of the device. For example, the device 100 may acquire a charge density value at one location of the target region according to the operation of the device. The sensor device SD may acquire a change in the charge density value at one location of the target region according to the operation of the device. The sensor device SD may obtain the charge density value of the device and transmit it to the server or the device 100 .

The device 100 may change the operating state based on the environment information obtained from the sensor device SD. For example, when the value of the charge density measured by the sensor device SD is less than or greater than the predicted value, the device 100 may increase or decrease the output current.

Referring to FIG. 54 , the fine particle concentration reduction system may provide power to the fine particles FP in the target region TR.

Referring to FIG. 54 , the device 100 may continuously or repeatedly discharge a charged material to maintain the space charge distribution in the target region TR above a certain level. The fine particle concentration reduction system may form a space charge in the target region TR and provide an electric force to the charged fine particle FP through the space charge, thereby causing the fine particle FP to behave. The fine particle concentration reduction system may form an electric field in the target region TR and provide an electric force to the charged fine particles FP through the electric field.

The device 100 may push at least a portion of the fine particles FP in the target region TR. The device is capable of maintaining a space charge within the target region TR such that the fine particles FP are powered and away from the device 100 . The device 100 is configured for a time sufficient for the fine particles FP in the target region TR to be sufficiently repelled by the effect of the space charge, and for the concentration of the fine particles FP in the target region TR to decrease to less than or equal to the reference value. It is possible to output a substance that is continuously or repeatedly charged.

For example, as the space charge and electric field are maintained by the device 100 , the charged fine particles FD in the target region may receive an electric force in a direction away from the device 100 . The fine particles FP may receive a ground-direction component force under the influence of an electric force. The fine particles FP may move away from the device under the influence of an electric force. The fine particles FP may move to the outside of the target area under the influence of an electric force. For example, the fine particles FP may move in a direction away from the target device along the electric field lines EFL of the electric field formed by the device 100 . As the fine particles FP move in a direction away from the device, the concentration of fine particles in the target region TR may be reduced.

Referring to FIG. 54 , the sensor device SD may acquire environment information of the target area TR according to the operation of the device. The sensor device SD may acquire a change in environmental information according to an operation of the device.

The sensor device SD may acquire the charge density of the target region. For example, the sensor device SD may acquire the fine particle concentration of the target area. The sensor device SD may transmit environmental information or a change in environmental information to the device 100 , a server, or a user device.

The device 100 may change an operating state based on information obtained from the sensor device SD. When the concentration of the fine particles FP obtained from the sensor device SD is less than or equal to the reference value, the device 100 may stop the operation or reduce the output current value. Alternatively, the device 100 may increase the amount of output current when the concentration of the fine particles FP obtained from the sensor device SD is equal to or greater than the reference value.

Referring to FIG. 33 , the fine particle concentration reduction system may remove the fine particles FP in the target region TR.

Referring to FIG. 33 , the device 100 may maintain a space charge distribution and a state in which an electric field is formed in the target region TR by continuously or repeatedly discharging a material having a charge. The device 100 may maintain the formation state of the electric field for a sufficient time so that the charged particles move in the direction of the ground, lose charge in contact with the ground, and settle down.

For example, as the space charge and the electric field formed by the device 100 are maintained, the fine particles FP in the target region TR may move toward the ground GND under the influence of the electric force. As the space charge and the electric field are maintained for a sufficient time, the fine particles FD may move along the electric force line EFL, and may contact the ground GND and lose charge. As the fine particles FD are attached to the ground, the concentration of the fine particles FP in the target region TR may be reduced.

Referring to FIG. 33 , the sensor device SD may acquire environmental information, for example, a concentration of fine particles in the target region TR or a change in the concentration of fine particles. Referring to FIG. 54 , the sensor device SD may obtain the concentration of the fine particles and transmit it to the device 100 , the server, or the user device.

The device 100 may change the operating state according to the environment information obtained from the sensor device SD. For example, when the concentration of the fine particles obtained from the sensor device SD is less than or equal to the reference value, the device 100 may stop the operation or reduce the output current value. When the concentration of the fine particles FP obtained from the sensor device SD increases from the reference value or less to the reference value or more, the device 100 may resume emission of the current or increase the emission current.

2.4.3 Multiple device system

According to an embodiment, the fine particle reduction system may include a plurality of fine particle concentration reduction devices.

Referring to FIG. 55 , the system for reducing fine particles according to an embodiment may include a first device, a second device, a third device, a server, and a user device. Hereinafter, each of the first device and the second device may operate similarly to that described above with respect to the first device of FIG. 50 . The user device and the server may also operate similarly to that described with reference to FIG. 50 , and the third device may operate similarly to that described for the second device in FIG. 50 .

The first device and the second device may be fine particle concentration reducing devices for reducing the fine particle concentration of the target region described herein. The first device may be a device for reducing the concentration of fine particles in the first target region. The second device may be a device for reducing the concentration of fine particles in the second target region. The first target area and the second target area may be at least partially different. The first device and/or the second device may each have a sensor unit, and may acquire status information, operation information, or environment information.

The third device may be a device having at least some functions different from those of the first device or the second device. For example, the third device may be a sensor device having one or more sensor units. The third device may be a sensor device that acquires the environment information and transmits it to the first device, the second device, the server, and/or the user device.

For example, the third device may be a sensor device that obtains first environment information on a first target area corresponding to the first device and/or second environment information on a second target area corresponding to the second device. . The third device may acquire environmental information about the first device and/or the second device. For example, the third device may acquire charge density, humidity, temperature, or weather information of the first target region and/or the second target region. Alternatively, the third device may acquire charge density, humidity or temperature information in the vicinity of the first device and/or the second device.

The third device may transmit the environment information to the first device, the second device, and/or the server. The third device may transmit the environment information in response to the request of the first device, the second device, and/or the server.

Meanwhile, although only one third device is illustrated in FIG. 55 , the fine particle reduction system may include a plurality of third devices, for example, a plurality of sensor devices.

As an example, the fine particle concentration reduction system may include a first sensor device corresponding to the first target area of the first device and a second sensor device corresponding to the second target area of the second device. The first sensor device may acquire environment information of the first target area. The second sensor device may acquire environment information of the second target area. Each sensor device may be located at a point on its corresponding corresponding area, or may be located near the corresponding device.

As another example, the fine particle concentration reduction system may include a first sensor device corresponding to the first device and spaced a first distance from the first device, a second sensor device corresponding to the first device and spaced a second distance from the first device, It may include a third sensor device corresponding to the second device and spaced a third distance from the second device, and a fourth sensor device corresponding to the second device and spaced a fourth distance from the second device. The sensor devices corresponding to each fine particle concentration reduction device may operate similarly to those described above with reference to FIG. 49 and the like.

The server may manage the fine particle concentration reduction operation of the first device and the second device. The server may store programs or data and communicate with an external device. The server may be a cloud server. The server may communicate with a device not shown in FIG. 55 .

The server may communicate with the first device, the second device, the third device, and/or the user device. The server may intermediary between the user device and the first device, the second device and/or the third device.

The server may store device information.

The server includes first device identification information for identifying the first device, first location information for identifying a location where the first device is installed, and/or first installation environment information regarding an installation environment characteristic of the first device, for example, the server may store first installation environment information indicating whether the location where the first device is installed is indoors or outdoors, or whether the location where the first device is installed is a residential complex or an industrial complex. The server may store second device identification information for the second device, second location information, second installation environment information, and the like.

The server may store the information obtained from the first device to the third device or transmit it to the user device.

For example, the server may obtain, store, or transmit the first state information or the first operation information from the first device to the user device. For example, the server may obtain, store, or deliver an amount of fuel stored in the device from the first device to the user device. The server may store the information obtained from the first device together with the identification information of the first device, or may transmit it to the user device together with the identification information of the first device. Alternatively, the server may obtain, store, or transmit the second status information or the second operation information from the second device to the user device.

As another example, the server may obtain the first environment information on the first target area or the second environment information on the second target area from the third device. Alternatively, the server may obtain, from the third device, the first environment information obtained near the first device or the second environment information obtained in the second target area. The server may store the second environment information or the second environment information or transmit it to the user device.

According to an embodiment, when the fine particle concentration reduction system includes a plurality of sensor devices, the server obtains first environment information from the first sensor device, obtains second environment information from the second sensor device, and obtains Environment information can be stored or passed to the user's device. The server may transmit the first environment information and the identification information of the first device together to the user device. The server may obtain the first environment information from the first sensor device and transmit the first environment information to the first device or the second device.

The server may deliver a guide message generated based on the obtained environment information to the user device. The server may transmit a guide message including the obtained environment information and identification information of the corresponding device to the user device.

The server may control the system including the plurality of fine particle concentration reduction devices to manage the fine particle concentration of the plurality of target regions. The server may generate a control command for controlling a plurality of devices or control information that is the basis of the control command, and may transmit the generated control information to each device.

The server may store a program, an application, a web application, a web page, etc. (hereinafter, an application) for managing the concentration of fine particles. The server may generate control information or control commands through the application.

The server may generate a first control command or first control information for controlling the first device. The server may generate the first control information or the first control command based on the first state information or the first operation information obtained from the first device. For example, the server may obtain a current value output by the first device, compare it with a reference current value, and generate a first control command to apply a current value higher or lower than the existing value. The server may generate a second control command or second control information for controlling the second device.

The server may generate a second control command for controlling the second device based on the first information obtained from the first device. The server may obtain status information of the first device from the first device and generate a second control command. For example, the server obtains an output current value from the first device, and generates a second control command to increase the output current value of the second device higher than the reference current value when the current value output from the first device is less than the reference value and may be transmitted to the second device. When the first device fails to generate an appropriate output current due to a failure or the like, the concentration of fine particles in the first corresponding region corresponding to the first device may be decreased by increasing the output of the second device.

The server may generate a control command for controlling the first device and/or the second device based on the environment information obtained from the third device. The server may obtain first environment information of the first target area from the third device, and generate a first control command based on the first environment information.

When the fine particle concentration reduction system includes a plurality of sensor devices, the server generates a first control command based on the first environment information obtained from the first sensor device, and the second environment information obtained from the second sensor device A second control command may be generated based on the . For example, the server is configured to generate a first control command for the first device using the first current determined according to the first humidity value obtained from the first sensor device as the nozzle current, the first control command obtained from the second sensor device and the first humidity A second control command may be generated for the second device in which the second current determined according to the second humidity value greater than the value is used as the nozzle current.

Alternatively, the server may generate the first control command and the second control command by considering the first environment information and the second environment information together. For example, the server may use the average value of the humidity value obtained from the first sensor device and the sensor value obtained from the second sensor device as the reference humidity value, and determined according to the reference humidity value for the nozzle for the first device and the second device. A first control command and a second control command for applying the nozzle voltage may be generated and transmitted.

The server may obtain control information and generate a control command based on the control information. For example, the server may obtain control information for the first device or the second device from the user device and generate a control command for controlling the device according to the control information. The server may obtain first control information corresponding to the first device from the user device and generate a first control command. Alternatively, the server is configured to obtain first control information for the first target region (eg, first control information including a target reduction ratio of the fine particle concentration of the first target region), and to control the first device 1 A control command can be generated. Alternatively, the server obtains control information for a third area including the first target area and the second target area (eg, first control information including a target reduction ratio of the fine particle concentration of the third target area), A first control command for controlling the first device and a second control command for controlling the second device may be generated.

The server may obtain control information or control commands for the first device, the second device, and/or the third device from the user device. For example, the server may obtain a first control command for the first device from the user device. The server may obtain a second control command for the second device from the user device. The server may transmit the first control command to the first device and transmit the second command to the second device. The server may transmit the information obtained from the first to third devices to the user device, and in response, obtain control information or a control command from the user device.

The server may store the obtained information. The server may store information acquired from the first to third devices, control information generated by the server, control commands, control information acquired from the user device, or control commands.

The server may store the obtained information together with identification information. The server may store the information obtained from the first device together with the identification information of the first device, and store the information obtained from the second device together with the identification information of the second device. Alternatively, the server may store the information obtained from the first sensor device together with the identification information of the first device, and store the information obtained from the second sensor device together with the identification information of the second device.

The server may store the obtained information together with the time information. For example, the server may store the first information obtained from the first device at the first time point together with the first time point information, and store the information obtained from the first device at the second time point together with the second time point information. .

The server can match and store and manage heterogeneous information. The server may associate and store information obtained from each device.

The server may manage the environment information by matching the control command. For example, the server may match and store the first environment information obtained from the third device (or the first sensor device) and the first control information or the first control command generated from the user device in response to the first environment information. The server may match and store the second environment information obtained from the third device (or the second sensor device) and the second control information or the second control command generated from the user device in response to the second environment information.

The server may manage by matching control commands and information. The server may match and store the first state information of the first device, the first operation information, or the first environment information of the first target area and the first control command obtained from the user. The server may match and store the second state information of the second device, the second operation information, or the second environment information of the second target area and the second control command obtained from the user.

The server may provide a control command to the first device using the matched information. The server may predict the second information according to the first information by using a database in which the first information and the second information are associated and stored. Unless otherwise noted, the contents described in relation to FIG. 50 may be applied.

The server uses a first database in which information obtained from the first device and a first control command for the first device (eg, a control command for the first device acquired from the user device) are stored in association with each other, A control command may be generated based on the obtained information. The server uses a second database in which information obtained from the second device and a second control command for the second device (eg, a control command for the second device obtained from the user device) are stored in association with the second device. A control command may be generated based on the obtained information.

The server uses the first database in which the environment information obtained from the third device and the first control command for the first device (eg, the first control command for the first device obtained from the user device) are stored in association with each other, A first control command may be generated based on information obtained from the first device. Alternatively, the server uses the second database in which the environment information obtained from the third device and the second control command for the second device (eg, the second control command for the second device obtained from the user device) are stored in association with each other. , may generate a second control command based on the information obtained from the second device.

The server may predict the second information based on the first information obtained from the first device, the second device, or the third device, and generate a control command according to the second information. For example, the server predicts operation information (eg, the amount of output current) of the device based on the environmental information (eg, humidity information) obtained from the first to third devices, and a control command (eg, , a control command for nozzle voltage).

The server may use a database in which information obtained from the first device (or information obtained from the first sensor device) and information obtained from the second device (or information obtained from the second sensor device) are integrated. For example, the server stores the first fine particle concentration obtained from the first device and the first control command obtained from the user device in response to the first fine particle concentration, and the second obtained from the second device A control command for the first device or the second device may be generated using a database in which the second control command obtained from the user device is matched and stored corresponding to the fine particle concentration and the second fine particle concentration.

On the other hand, in FIG. 55 , the server is illustrated as a separate and separate physical device, but according to an embodiment, when the fine particle concentration reduction system includes a plurality of fine particle concentration reduction devices, any one The apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles of may function as a hub device including a server, and another apparatus for reducing the concentration of fine particles may function as a peripheral device.

For example, referring to FIG. 55 , the first device may be a hub fine particle concentration management device including a server, and the second device may be a peripheral fine particle concentration management device communicating with the first device. For example, the first device may include a server and perform the above-described operation of the server. In other words, the first device stores information obtained from the first device, the second device and/or the third device, communicates with the user device to transfer information to the user device, obtains control information from the user device, and The above-described operation of the server device may be performed, such as generating or managing a control command for the operation of the first device and/or the second device, and controlling the operation of the first device and/or the second device. In this case, the second device may communicate with the first device, transmit status information and the like as the first information, and obtain a control command from the first device to operate.

The user device may obtain a user input and communicate with the server or each device of the fine particle concentration reduction system to manage the fine particle concentration of the plurality of target regions.

The user device may drive a program, an application, a web application, a web page, etc. for managing the concentration of fine particles. The user device may manage fine particle concentrations for the first target area and the second target area, respectively.

The user device may include a display unit and/or an input unit. The user device may provide information obtained from the first device, the second device, the third device, and/or the server to the user through the display unit. The user device may obtain information related to the operation of the first device, the second device, or the third device from the user through the input unit.

The user device may communicate with a server, a first device, a second device, and/or a third device. The user device may communicate with the server to obtain first state information of the first device, first operation information of the first device, or first environment information of the first target area. The user device may acquire information about the first device or the second device, and transmit the first control command or the second control command generated based on the acquired information to the server device.

The user device may generate a second control command for the second device in consideration of the first state information for the first device. For example, the user device may generate a control command to increase the voltage applied to the nozzle of the second device, the current output from the second device, etc. higher than the default value when the amount of water stored in the first device and the current outputted from the first device are less than or equal to the reference value. there is.

The user device may generate the first control command and/or the second control command in consideration of the positions of the first device and the second device. The user device may generate the first control command and/or the second control command in consideration of the distance between the first device and the second device. For example, the user device may execute a first control command or a second control command in which an amount of output current is determined according to an interval between devices (eg, an amount of output current is determined to have a positive correlation with an interval between devices). can create

The server or the user device may generate a control command to control the operations of the first device and the second device. The server or the user device may control the first device and the second device by interworking with each other.

The server or user device may control the first device and the second device to sequentially emit charged particles. The server or user device may control the first device and the second device to emit charged particles in turn.

The fine particle concentration reduction system may include a plurality of devices installed outdoors. Hereinafter, a fine particle reduction system including a plurality of devices will be described.

56 is a view for explaining a system for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment of the invention described herein. Referring to FIG. 56 , the fine particle concentration reduction system according to an embodiment may use a plurality of devices to manage the fine particle concentration in the system target area (or the entire target area, TRt).

Referring to FIG. 56 , the system for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment may include a first device 101 and a second device 102 that discharge a charged material CS. The first device 101 and the second device 102 may emit a negatively charged material, forming a negative space charge around the device. Referring to FIG. 34 , the fine particle reducing system may include a first device 101 and a second device 101 as two devices adjacent to each other among a plurality of fine particle concentration reducing devices spaced apart from each other.

The first device 101 or the second device 102 may include a sensor unit. According to an embodiment, the first device 101 may include a first sensor unit, and the second device 102 may include a second sensor unit.

Each of the first device 101 and/or the second device 102 may be installed and used similarly to the device 100 described with reference to FIG. 28 . Each of the first device 101 and/or the second device 102 may operate similarly to the device 100 described with respect to FIGS. 51-54 . Hereinafter, unless otherwise specified, the contents described in relation to FIGS. 51 to 54 may be applied.

Referring to FIG. 56 , the first device 101 and/or the second device 102 may be installed on a predetermined structure. The installation location of the first device 101 and/or the second device 102 may be determined in consideration of the space charge formed by each device, the shape of the electric field formed thereby, and the surrounding topography. The installation positions of the first device 101 and the second device 102 are the system target region TRt to be the target for reducing the concentration of fine particles, the effective radius R1 of the first device 101, and the second device ( 102) may be determined in consideration of the effective radius R2.

Referring to FIG. 56 , the first device and the second device may be installed at positions spaced apart from the ground by a predetermined distance. The first device may be installed at a location spaced apart from the ground by a first distance H1, and the second device may be installed at a location spaced apart from the ground by a second distance H2. The first distance and the second distance may be equal to each other. Alternatively, the first distance and the second distance may have a predetermined difference according to the surrounding topography.

The fine particle concentration reduction system uses the first device 101 for reducing the fine particle concentration in the first target region and the second device 102 for reducing the fine particle concentration in the second target region, the system target region ( TRt) can be controlled.

The first device 101 may reduce the concentration of fine particles in the first target region TR1 . The second device 102 may reduce the concentration of fine particles in the second target region TR2 . The first device 101 and the second device 102 may reduce the concentration of fine particles in the system target region TRt. The system target region TRt may be a target region in which a fine particle concentration is reduced by a fine particle concentration reduction system including a plurality of fine particle concentration reduction devices.

The first device 101 may be a device having a first effective radius R1 . The second device 102 may be a device having a second effective radius R2. The fine particle concentration reduction system including the first device 101 and the second device 102 may take the total effective radius Rt as the effective radius. The total effective radius Rt may be determined to be smaller than the sum of the first effective radius R1 and the second effective radius R2.

The first device 101 and the second device 102 may be installed to be spaced apart from each other by a first distance D12. For example, the first interval D12 may be determined to be smaller than the sum of the first effective radius TR1 and the second effective radius TR2 . For example, when the first effective radius TR1 and the second effective radius TR2 are each 30 m, the first interval D12 may be determined to be 50 m. The first effective area TR1 of the first device 101 and the second effective area TR1 of the second device 102 may at least partially overlap.

The effective radius of the first device 101 and the second device 102 and/or the distance D12 between the first device and the second device may be determined in consideration of the efficiency of the entire system.

According to an embodiment, the power consumed by the first device 101 and the second device 102 is a fine particle concentration reduction device in which the radius is the sum of the first radius R1 and the second radius R2. can be less than When a single device is used to reduce the concentration of fine particles in a wide area, interference by external structures may become severe, and a dome-shaped target area is formed around the device, so that an ineffective area may be generated in the air. Accordingly, in order to minimize unnecessary power consumption, a plurality of fine particle concentration reduction devices may be appropriately disposed in the system target region TRt.

Referring to FIG. 56 , the fine particle reduction system according to the embodiment may include a sensor device SD installed in a target area. The sensor device SD may be installed at a location within the system target area TRt. As an example, the sensor device SD may be installed at a location spaced apart by a first effective radius R1 from a point where the first device (or a structure in which the device is installed) is located. The sensor device SD may be located near the first device 101 . The sensor device SD may be positioned between the first device 101 and the second device 102 . For example, the sensor device SD may be located at an intermediate point between the first device 101 and the second device 102 .

The sensor device may acquire environment information of the system target area TRt, the first target area TR1, or the second target area TR2. For example, the sensor device may determine the temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, airflow (eg, wind speed), air quality (eg, fine dust) in the system target region TRt, the first target region TR1 or the second target region TR2. concentration) and space charge density, it is possible to obtain environmental information including any one of the density of the space charge. The sensor device may acquire the environment information and transmit it to the first device 101 , the second device 102 , the server, or the user device.

Meanwhile, the fine particle concentration reduction system may include a plurality of sensor devices. For example, the fine particle reduction system is installed at a first distance away from the first device 101 and a first sensor device for acquiring first information and a second distance away from the first device 101 It may include a second sensor device for acquiring information. Alternatively, the fine particle reduction system includes a first sensor device for acquiring environmental information of the first target region TR1 corresponding to the first device 101 and a second target region TR1 corresponding to the second device 102 . It may include a second sensor device for obtaining environmental information of

The fine particle concentration reduction system shown in FIGS. 55 and 56 may operate similarly to that described in FIGS. 50 to 54 . The fine particle concentration reduction system may form a space charge by supplying a material CS having a charge in the system target region TRt. The fine particle concentration reduction system is configured for a sufficient time so that the fine particles FP located within the system target region TRt are charged by the space charge, repelled by the electric field formed by the space charge, and ultimately removed in contact with the ground. A plurality of fine particle concentration reduction devices may be driven, and the state and environment of the fine particle concentration reduction operation may be managed using the sensor device.

2.5 Indoor Fine Particle Concentration Reduction System

2.5.1 Indoor installation

According to an embodiment of the invention described herein, the operation of reducing the concentration of fine particles may be used to lower the concentration of fine particles in an indoor space.

The indoor space described herein may mean a space having an environment that is partially different from the atmosphere. The indoor space described in this specification does not mean only an interior that is separated from the outside with a ceiling, a floor, and a slope, but it can be understood that a semi-indoor space connected to the outside with at least some sides open also corresponds to an indoor space. .

The concentration reduction operation of the fine particles described herein may be performed by an apparatus installed in an indoor space. The device installed in the indoor space can reduce the concentration of fine particles in the indoor target area. For example, the device described herein may be installed in a house, a department store, a large shopping mall, an athletic field, an indoor performance hall, a library, and the like to reduce the concentration of fine particles.

2.5.2Single device system

Referring to FIG. 57 , the fine particle concentration reduction system may include a device 100 for reducing the fine particle concentration and a sensor device SD. In the fine particle concentration reduction system for reducing the indoor fine particle concentration, the target area of the apparatus 100 for reducing the fine particle concentration may be a unit indoor space.

The device 100 for reducing the concentration of fine particles may be installed at one location in an indoor space. In FIG. 57, the case where it is installed close to the ceiling is illustrated as an example for convenience, but this does not constitute the content of the present invention. The device 100 may be located in an area mainly passed by a person. For example, the device 100 may be installed in the air or installed on the floor of an indoor space. Alternatively, the device 100 may be located in a duct through which the indoor air flow passes.

The device 100 for reducing the concentration of fine particles may supply the charged material CS to the indoor space. The device 100 may supply the charged material CS to charge the fine particles FP in the indoor space. The device 100 may supply the charged material CS to induce the charged fine particles FP to move to a specific location in the room and be collected. The device 100 may supply an electrically charged material (CS) to form a space charge, and provide an electric force so that the fine particles (FP) charged through the space charge are attached to the target location to lose the charge and are removed. there is.

The sensor device SD may acquire environmental information of an indoor space. The sensor device SD may acquire temperature, humidity, charge density, concentration of fine particles, and the like of the indoor space. The sensor device SD and the fine particle concentration management device 100 may be provided integrally.

Referring to FIG. 57 , the fine particle concentration reduction system may further include a central control unit 300 . The central control device 300 may control the operation of the device 100 , the sensor device SD, and other air quality management devices installed in the space. For example, the central control device 300 may control operations of the device 100 and an air conditioning facility, a cooling/heating device, a blower, a ventilation fan, and the like. The central control apparatus 300 may link the operation of the apparatus 100 with the operation of another air quality management device. For example, the central control device 300 may stop the operation of the blower while the device 100 is operating.

The system for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment may include a dust collection module. The dust collecting module may collect the fine particles FP charged by the device 100 . The dust collecting module may be installed at one location in the indoor space. The dust collecting module may be installed in a duct of an air conditioning system embedded in a building. The dust collecting module may have electrical characteristics opposite to the charges emitted from the device 100 . For example, when a negative charge is supplied by the device 100, the dust collection module may have a positive charge. Alternatively, a + voltage may be applied to the dust collecting module. However, this does not limit the content of the invention according to the present specification, and the dust collecting module may have a grounded dust collecting unit.

The fine particle concentration reduction system according to an embodiment may further include an air quality control device. The air quality control device may be a device for controlling humidity, temperature, wind direction, and the like in indoor air. The central control device 300 may control the air quality control device to improve the operating efficiency of the fine particle concentration reduction device.

According to one embodiment, the air quality management device may be an air cleaning device having a filter. The air quality control device may suck in air in the space and exhaust the air that has passed through the filter. In this case, the air quality control device may have a dust collecting unit having a function similar to that of the dust collecting module, and may collect the charged fine particles by the fine particle concentration reducing device.

The fine particle concentration reduction system shown in FIG. 57 may operate similarly to that described in FIGS. 50 to 54 . The system for reducing the concentration of fine particles shown in FIG. 57 may supply a charged material CS into the indoor area to charge the fine particles located in the indoor space. The fine particle concentration reduction system can reduce the concentration of the fine particles suspended in the indoor space by applying an electrical effect to the charged fine particles.

Meanwhile, in FIG. 57, indoor fine particle concentration reduction has been described based on an indoor space having four sidewalls, a ceiling, and a floor. That is, it can also be applied to semi-indoor spaces.

For example, the fine particle concentration reduction operation may be applied to an indoor space with an open ceiling. Also, for example, the fine particle concentration reduction operation may be applied to an indoor space in which at least one side of the side wall is open.

In this case, the fine particle concentration reduction system may include at least one fine particle concentration reduction device located close to the unopened surface. The fine particle concentration reduction system is located close to the non-open surface to charge the fine particles in the indoor space, and forms a space charge so that the charged fine particles adhere to some structures of the indoor space or are pushed out of the indoor space to form an electric force It may include a device for reducing the concentration of fine particles to provide.

Alternatively, the fine particle concentration reduction system may include at least one fine particle concentration reduction device positioned close to the open surface. The fine particle concentration reduction system is located close to the open surface to charge the fine particles in the indoor space, and forms a space charge so that the charged fine particles adhere to some structures of the indoor space or are pushed out of the indoor space to generate electric force. It may include a device for reducing the concentration of fine particles to provide.

3. How to use the device

Here, a method of using the apparatus for reducing the fine particle concentration described in this specification, and the like will be described.

3.1 How to install the device

Referring to FIG. 58, the method of installing the device for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment may include installing a structure for installing the device (S1301), and installing the device on the installed structure (S1303). can

Installing a structure for installing the device (S1301) may include determining an installation location of the device. Determining the installation location of the device may include determining the height of the location at which the device is installed from the ground. For example, the installation location of the device may be determined based on the effective radius of the device.

Installing a structure for installing the device ( S1301 ) may include providing a structure providing electrical or magnetic stability. Considering that the device described herein emits a material having a charge to reduce the concentration of fine particles, the environment or structure in which the device is installed may be provided to have electrically or magnetically stable properties. For example, the structure may be provided to have at least some insulated sections. Alternatively, the structure may be made of at least some non-magnetic material.

According to an embodiment, installing the structure for installing the device ( S1301 ) may include installing the structure for installing the fine dust reduction device at a first location spaced apart from the ground by a first interval.

According to an embodiment, the structure in which the device is installed may include a first end and a second end in contact with the fine dust reduction device. The structure may include at least some electrically insulated sections between the first end and the second end. The structure may be electrically grounded at the first stage. The structure may abut the ground surface at the first stage. The structure may be fixed to a building or other object in the first tier. An insulated section may be positioned between the device and the second end where the structure and the device abut. The first end and the second end may be spaced apart by a predetermined distance.

Installing the device on the structure may include installing the device such that a first side of the device abuts the structure. The apparatus may include a first side on which the water reservoir is located and a second side on which the nozzle is located. In this case, installing the device on the structure may include installing so that the first side where the water storage container is located is in contact with the structure.

For example, when the device is installed on a structure to build an outdoor fine particle concentration system, the device has a first side on which the water storage container is located is relatively close to the building, and a second side on which the nozzle is located is relatively It can be installed in a building, so that it is located away from the building.

As another example, when the device is installed on a structure to build an indoor fine particle concentration system, the device is configured such that the first side where the water storage container is located is located relatively close to the inner wall, and the second side where the nozzle is located is relatively It can be installed at one location indoors, so as to be positioned far from the inner wall.

Installing the device on the structure may include positioning the device so that the nozzle of the device faces in a direction perpendicular to the ground. Installing the device on the structure may include positioning the device so that the nozzle of the device faces in a direction parallel to the ground. Where the apparatus includes a plurality of nozzles, the apparatus may be positioned such that at least one of the plurality of nozzles has a direction perpendicular to or parallel to the paper surface.

Installing the device on the structure may include installing the device proximate to a second one of the first end and the second end of the structure. Installing the device on the structure may include installing the device at a first end that abuts the ground surface of the structure and a second end that is opposite to the second end.

Installing the device on the structure may include installing the device to protrude from the structure. Installing the device on the structure may include installing the device to a sidewall of a structure (eg, a target building) so as to protrude in one direction, eg, a direction perpendicular to the sidewall.

Installing the device on the structure may include installing the device on a plurality of structures. For example, installing the device may include installing the device on or between a plurality of structures such that the device is supported by the plurality of structures.

According to an embodiment, the method of installing the device for reducing the concentration of fine particles may further include connecting a gas pipe to which fuel is supplied to the device. The device for reducing the concentration of fine particles may be provided in a form in which a fuel tank in the form of a cartridge in which fuel is stored in advance can be inserted. Alternatively, the fine particle concentration device may be connected to a gas supply pipe and provided to directly receive gas fuel and operate. When the fine particle concentration reducing device is connected to the gas pipe and directly supplied with fuel, the method of installing the fine particle concentration reducing device may further include connecting a gas pipe supplied via at least a part of the structure to the device.

3.2 How to manage your device

Referring to FIG. 59 , the method of managing the device for reducing the concentration of fine particles according to an embodiment includes the steps of installing the device (S1301), obtaining status information from the device (S1303), and configuring the device based on the status information may include the step of at least partially changing (S1305).

Installing the device may be implemented similar to that described above with respect to FIG. 58 . Installing the device may include refueling the device. For example, cutting the device may include installing a fuel container to the device or connecting a tubing to which fuel may be supplied to the device.

Obtaining the status information from the device may include obtaining a fuel supply status of the device. Obtaining the status information from the device may include obtaining an amount of fuel in a fuel storage container included in the device. Obtaining status information from the device may include obtaining an amount of fuel or air supplied to a nozzle of the device.

Changing at least some of the device configuration based on the status information may include changing a fuel supply status of the nozzle. For example, at least partially changing the device configuration based on the status information may include changing the first cartridge to the second cartridge when the amount of fuel contained in the first cartridge is less than or equal to a predetermined ratio of the first capacity. . Alternatively, at least partially changing the device configuration based on the status information may include filling the first fuel container with fuel. Alternatively, at least partially changing the device configuration based on the status information may include replacing a nozzle or nozzle array of the device when the amount of charge emitted by the device is less than a reference value.

As described above, although the embodiments have been described with reference to the limited embodiments and drawings, various modifications and variations are possible from the above description by those skilled in the art. For example, the described techniques are performed in a different order than the described method, and/or the described components of the system, structure, apparatus, circuit, etc. are combined or combined in a different form than the described method, or other components Or substituted or substituted by equivalents may achieve an appropriate result.

Therefore, other implementations, other embodiments, and equivalents to the claims are also within the scope of the following claims.

Claims

A fine particle concentration reduction device for reducing the fine particle concentration in a target area, the apparatus comprising:

The fine particle concentration reduction device,

A nozzle housing for accommodating fuel flowing in from one end, a flame nozzle assembly formed around the other end opposite to the one end and including a fuel outlet through which the fuel is ejected, and an air inlet through which air mixed with the fuel is introduced;

a fuel supply module for supplying the fuel to the flame nozzle assembly;

an electrode positioned within the nozzle housing of the flame nozzle assembly;

a power supply for supplying power to the fine particle concentration reduction device; and

a controller for reducing the concentration of fine particles in the target area through the flame nozzle assembly using the power; including,

The electrode is arranged to be in contact with at least a part of the flame generated by the combustion of the fuel,

The controller provides the fuel to the fuel outlet through the fuel supply module,

The controller is configured to reduce the concentration of fine particles in the target region by supplying a material having a charge to the target region by applying a high voltage to the electrode in a combustion active state in which the fuel is burned by the flame nozzle assembly,

Fine particle concentration reduction device.
According to claim 1,

The high voltage is a negative high voltage, and the charged material is a negatively charged material,

The controller, when the flame nozzle assembly is in the combustion active state, applies the negative high voltage to the electrode to suppress the emission of positive ions generated by the combustion of the fuel, and the negative generated from the combustion of the fuel supplying a material having a charge of

Fine particle concentration reduction device.
According to claim 1,

The controller applies the high voltage to the electrode to form a space charge in the target region by supplying the charged material to the target region when the flame nozzle assembly is in the combustion active state.

Fine particle concentration reduction device.
4. The method of claim 3,

The controller supplies the charged material to the target region to charge the fine particles in the target region, and through the space charge to the fine particles in the target region in a direction away from the device for reducing the concentration of fine particles. providing electrical power,

Fine particle concentration reduction device.
According to claim 1,

The fine particle concentration reduction device comprises a plurality of the flame nozzle assemblies,

The plurality of flame nozzle assemblies are arranged in a grid form spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance,

Fine particle concentration reduction device.
6. The method of claim 5,

wherein the plurality of flame nozzle assemblies includes a first flame nozzle assembly and a second flame nozzle assembly, the first flame assembly includes a first electrode, and the second flame assembly includes a second electrode;

The controller applies the same voltage to the first electrode and the second electrode when the first flame nozzle assembly and the second flame nozzle assembly are in the combustion active state.

Fine particle concentration reduction device.
According to claim 1,

The device for reducing the concentration of fine particles further includes an ignition module including an ignition electrode positioned around the fuel outlet;

The controller is configured to apply a high voltage pulse to the ignition electrode so that the flame nozzle assembly is in the combustion active state.

Fine particle concentration reduction device.
According to claim 1,

wherein the controller applies a high voltage pulse to the electrode to ignite the fuel such that the flame nozzle assembly is in the combustion active state.

Fine particle concentration reduction device.
According to claim 1,

The electrode is provided in the form of a pin that at least partially protrudes to the outside of the fuel outlet.

Fine particle concentration reduction device.
According to claim 1,

The device for reducing the concentration of fine particles further includes an air pump for supplying outside air to the air inlet;

The controller supplies the fuel to the flame nozzle assembly at a first flow rate through the fuel supply module, and supplies the outside air to the air inlet at a second flow rate using the air pump,

the second flow rate is determined to have a positive correlation with the first flow rate;

Fine particle concentration reduction device.
A nozzle housing for accommodating fuel introduced from one end, a flame nozzle assembly formed around the other end opposite to the one end and including a fuel outlet through which the fuel is ejected, and an air inlet through which air mixed with the fuel is introduced, the a fuel supply module for supplying the fuel to a flame nozzle assembly, an electrode positioned within the nozzle housing of the flame nozzle assembly, the electrode being disposed at least partially in contact with a flame generated by combustion of the fuel; a power supply for supplying power and a method for reducing the concentration of fine particles in the target area using the fine particle concentration reduction device including a controller for reducing the concentration of fine particles in the target area through the flame nozzle assembly using the power source. ,

providing, by the controller, the fuel to the fuel outlet through the fuel supply module;

applying, by the controller, a first voltage to the flame nozzle assembly to change the flame nozzle assembly to a combustion active state in which the fuel is burned at the fuel jet; and

applying, by the controller, a second voltage, which is a voltage, to the electrode when the flame nozzle assembly is in the combustion active state to provide a charged material to the target region; containing

How to reduce the concentration of fine particles
12. The method of claim 11,

The controller providing the material having a charge to the target region includes the controller applying the second voltage, which is a negative voltage, to the electrode to provide a material having a negative charge to the target region including,

When the controller provides the material having the electric charge to the target region, the controller applies the second voltage to the electrode to suppress emission of positive ions generated by combustion of the fuel, and combustion of the fuel Further comprising providing the negatively charged material generated by

A method for reducing the concentration of fine particles.
12. The method of claim 11,

applying, by the controller, the second voltage to the electrode when the flame nozzle assembly is in the combustion active state to provide the charged material to the target region to form a space charge in the target region; further comprising

A method for reducing the concentration of fine particles.
14. The method of claim 13,

applying, by the controller, the second voltage to the electrode when the flame nozzle assembly is in the combustion active state to provide the charged material to the target region to charge the fine particles in the target region further comprising ;

A method for reducing the concentration of fine particles.
15. The method of claim 14,

the controller, when the flame nozzle assembly is in the combustion active state, applies the second voltage to the electrode to provide the charged material to the target region to maintain the space charge, and providing an electric force in a direction away from the device for reducing the concentration of fine particles to the fine particles in the target area through

A method for reducing the concentration of fine particles.
12. The method of claim 11,

The device for reducing the fine particle concentration includes a plurality of the flame nozzle assemblies, wherein the plurality of flame nozzle assemblies are arranged in a lattice form spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance,

A method for reducing the concentration of fine particles.
17. The method of claim 16,

wherein the plurality of flame nozzle assemblies includes a first flame nozzle assembly and a second flame nozzle assembly, the first flame assembly includes a first electrode, and the second flame assembly includes a second electrode;

wherein the controller applies the second voltage to the electrode, when the first flame nozzle assembly and the second flame nozzle assembly are in the combustion active state, the second voltage to the first electrode and the second electrode comprising applying a voltage;

A method for reducing the concentration of fine particles.
According to claim 1,

The fine particle concentration reduction device further includes an ignition module including an ignition electrode positioned around the fuel outlet,

The step of the controller applying the first voltage to the flame nozzle assembly is such that when the flame nozzle assembly is in a combustion inactive state in which the fuel does not burn, the flame nozzle assembly is in the combustion active state. further comprising applying a first voltage to

A method for reducing the concentration of fine particles.
According to claim 1,

wherein the controller applying the first voltage to the flame nozzle assembly further comprises the controller applying a high voltage pulse to the electrode to ignite the fuel.

A method for reducing the concentration of fine particles.
12. The method of claim 11,

The electrode is provided in the form of a pin that at least partially protrudes to the outside of the fuel outlet,

A method for reducing the concentration of fine particles.
12. The method of claim 11,

The device for reducing the concentration of fine particles further includes an air pump for supplying outside air to the air inlet;

The step of the controller providing the fuel to the fuel outlet comprises supplying the fuel at a first flow rate,

The method for reducing the concentration of fine particles,

supplying the outside air to the air inlet at a second flow rate determined to have a positive correlation with the first flow rate using the air pump; further comprising,

A method for reducing the concentration of fine particles.