WO2021157656A1 - Procédé d'inspection de produit d'affichage installé flexible, procédé de fabrication de produit d'affichage installé flexible, système d'inspection de produit d'affichage installé flexible et produit d'affichage installé flexible - Google Patents

Procédé d'inspection de produit d'affichage installé flexible, procédé de fabrication de produit d'affichage installé flexible, système d'inspection de produit d'affichage installé flexible et produit d'affichage installé flexible Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021157656A1
WO2021157656A1 PCT/JP2021/004103 JP2021004103W WO2021157656A1 WO 2021157656 A1 WO2021157656 A1 WO 2021157656A1 JP 2021004103 W JP2021004103 W JP 2021004103W WO 2021157656 A1 WO2021157656 A1 WO 2021157656A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flexible display
stress
protective sheet
product
inspecting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2021/004103
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
啓一郎 兵頭
直継 安藤
智生 篠山
智哉 津田
祐介 横井
快彦 岩尾
Original Assignee
株式会社島津製作所
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Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社島津製作所 filed Critical 株式会社島津製作所
Publication of WO2021157656A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021157656A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G5/00—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for inspecting a product equipped with a flexible display, a method for manufacturing a product equipped with a flexible display, an inspection system for a product equipped with a flexible display, and a product equipped with a flexible display.
  • a flexible device is a device in which a semiconductor element, a light emitting element, or the like is formed on a flexible substrate such as a resin substrate, and typical examples thereof include a lighting device, a display, and a sensor.
  • a lighting device such as a resin substrate
  • a display such as a liquid crystal display
  • a sensor such as a senor
  • a product equipped with a flexible display is a foldable mobile terminal (smartphone, tablet, etc.).
  • the flexible display is a touch panel display, and has a display and an input unit that accepts a user's operation.
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2019-39743
  • the product is subjected to a folding test, and (1) is it possible to fold it into the shape or position expected by design, or (2) unexpectedly. It is inspected whether or not there is a possibility that a defect may occur in the image displayed on the flexible display when the opening and closing is repeated more than a predetermined number of times due to the deformation of the product or the concentration of stress.
  • a user such as an inspector
  • the present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is an inspection method for a product equipped with a flexible display, which can easily and accurately inspect a product equipped with a flexible display, and a product equipped with a flexible display. Manufacturing method, inspection system for products equipped with flexible displays, and products equipped with flexible displays.
  • the method for inspecting a product equipped with a flexible display includes a step of adhering a protective sheet containing a stress-stimulated luminescent material to the surface of the flexible display, a step of irradiating the protective sheet with excitation light, and a flexible display.
  • the flexible display is mounted based on the steps of deforming the flexible display by applying stress to the flexible display, at least the step of imaging the protective sheet located on the deformed region of the flexible display, and the stress luminescence image obtained by the step of imaging. It includes steps to inspect the product.
  • the method for manufacturing a flexible display-equipped product according to the second aspect of the present invention includes a step of manufacturing the flexible display-equipped product and a step of inspecting the flexible display-equipped product.
  • the steps to be inspected include a step of adhering a protective sheet containing a stress luminescent material to the surface of the flexible display, a step of irradiating the protective sheet with excitation light, and a step of applying stress to the flexible display to deform the flexible display.
  • the steps include imaging a protective sheet located at least on the deformed region of the flexible display, and inspecting the product equipped with the flexible display based on the mechanoluminescent image obtained by the imaging step.
  • An inspection system for inspecting a product equipped with a flexible display includes a processor, a memory, and a program stored in the memory and executed by the processor.
  • a protective sheet containing a mechanoluminescent material is adhered to the surface of the flexible display.
  • the program includes a step of irradiating the protective sheet with excitation light, a step of deforming the flexible display by applying stress to the flexible display, and a step of imaging at least the protective sheet located on the deformed region of the flexible display. Based on the stress-luminescent image obtained by the step of imaging, the processor is made to perform the step of inspecting the product equipped with the flexible display.
  • the product equipped with a flexible display according to the fourth aspect of the present invention includes a flexible display and a protective sheet adhered to the surface of the flexible display.
  • the protective sheet contains a stress-stimulated luminescent material.
  • an inspection method and inspection system for a product equipped with a flexible display which can easily and accurately inspect a product equipped with a flexible display, and a product equipped with a flexible display.
  • FIG. 1 It is a block diagram which shows the whole structure of the inspection system of the product with a flexible display which concerns on embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the stress application mechanism. It is a figure explaining the operation of the stress application mechanism shown in FIG. It is a block diagram for demonstrating the functional structure of a controller. It is a flowchart explaining the processing procedure of the inspection process of the smartphone using the inspection system. It is a figure for demonstrating the sample preparation process of step S10. It is a figure which shows typically the smartphone and the protective sheet as a sample. It is a figure which shows an example of the image captured by a camera schematically. It is a figure which shows typically the example of the captured image of a sample.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration of an inspection system for a product equipped with a flexible display according to an embodiment.
  • the inspection system 100 according to the present embodiment is a system that inspects a product equipped with a flexible display by measuring the stress applied to the flexible display by utilizing the light emission phenomenon of the stress luminescent material.
  • the inspection system 100 can also be used to test the stress resistance of a product equipped with a flexible display.
  • the product equipped with a flexible display to be inspected by the inspection system 100 is a foldable smartphone 1.
  • the flexible display 2 is a touch panel display, and has a display and an input unit that accepts a user's operation.
  • the flexible display 2 is covered with a flexible protective sheet 3.
  • the protective sheet 3 is arranged at least on the surface of a predetermined area of the flexible display 2. This predetermined region is set to include a region to which stress is applied during the folding operation of the smartphone 1 (that is, a deformation region of the flexible display 2). Therefore, when the smartphone 1 is folded, the protective sheet 3 is deformed by applying stress integrally with the flexible display 2.
  • the protective sheet 3 is a sheet for protecting the surface of the flexible display 2 from scratches and the like.
  • the protective sheet 3 can be configured to have light transmission so as not to interfere with the visibility of the information displayed on the touch panel display and the operability of the touch panel display.
  • the protective sheet 3 contains a stress luminescent material.
  • the stress luminescent material is a material that emits light by a mechanical stimulus from the outside, and conventionally known materials can be used.
  • the stress luminescent material has a property of emitting light by the deformation energy applied from the outside, and the luminescence intensity thereof changes according to the deformation energy.
  • the stress luminescent material uses, for example, a substance selected from the group consisting of strontium aluminate, zinc sulfide, strontium stannate, and lithium niobate as a parent material.
  • the parent material is at least one selected from the group consisting of Eu, Nd, Zr, Ho, Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Pm, Sm, Er, Dy, Gd, Tm, Yb, Lu, and Tb. It is activated by the ions of one element.
  • Resin materials that are the main components of the protective sheet include polyester-based polymers, cellulose-based polymers, polycarbonate-based polymers, acrylic-based polymers, cycloolefin-based polymers, styrene-based polymers, olefin-based polymers, vinyl chloride-based polymers, and amide-based polymers.
  • Iimide-based polymers sulfone-based polymers, polyether sulfone-based polymers, polyether ketone-based polymers, polyphenylene sulfide-type polymers, vinyl alcohol-based polymers, vinylidene chloride-based polymers, vinyl butyral-based polymers, alitate-based polymers, polyoxymethylene-based polymers, An epoxy polymer or the like can be used. Alternatively, a mixture of two or more of the above-mentioned polymers can be used.
  • the content of the mechanoluminescent material in the protective sheet can be appropriately adjusted as long as it does not impair the flexibility of the protective sheet.
  • a resin material such as vinyl chloride is used as a main component, and 150 PHR of strontium aluminate activated with Eu is applied to the main component (stress-luminescent material (powder) for 100 parts of resin). ) 150 parts, that is, about 60% by weight).
  • the blending ratio of the stress luminescent material (powder) in the protective sheet is preferably 20% by weight or more, more preferably 40% by weight or more, and even more preferably 50% by weight or more. If the blending ratio of the stress luminescent material (powder) is less than 20% by weight, the stress applied to the protective sheet escapes into the resin and is difficult to be transmitted to the stress luminescent material (that is, the stress luminescence becomes weak). Is a concern.
  • the protective sheet 3 may have a single-layer structure containing a stress-stimulated luminescent material, or may have a multi-layer structure having two or more layers including a layer containing a stress-stimulated luminescent material. .. Further, the single-layer structure does not have to be homogeneous in the entire layer, and may be, for example, a structure in which stress luminescent materials are concentratedly distributed in the vicinity of the surface.
  • the inspection system 100 includes a stress application mechanism for applying stress to the flexible display 2 of the foldable smartphone 1.
  • the stress application mechanism is configured to be able to reproduce the stress applied to the flexible display 2 during the folding operation on the smartphone 1.
  • the stress application mechanism includes a holder 10 and a first driver 20.
  • the holder 10 supports the smartphone 1.
  • the holder 10 supports the smartphone 1 so that the flexible display 2 is located on the upper side (upper side of the paper surface in FIG. 1).
  • the first driver 20 is configured to be able to fold the smartphone 1 by shifting the holder 10 between the first posture and the second posture.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the stress application mechanism.
  • the deformation tester disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2019-39743 can be applied.
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the holder 10 and the first driver 20.
  • three axes X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis that are orthogonal to each other are used for ease of explanation and understanding.
  • the holder 10 includes a frame portion 21, guide rails 31a and 31b, one support shaft portion 41, one test piece mounting portion 51, the other test piece mounting portion 81, and a drive shaft 73. , And a link portion 91.
  • the frame portion 21 has a hollow rectangular parallelepiped shape.
  • the guide rails 31a and 31b are fixed to the upper surface 23a of the top plate portion 23 of the frame portion 21.
  • the support shaft portion 41 has a slide portion 45a slidably attached to the guide rail 31a in the Y-axis direction, a slide portion 45b slidably attached to the guide rail 31b in the Y-axis direction, and slide portions 45a, 45b. It has a support shaft 43 which is rotatably supported. As a result, the support shaft 43 can freely move in the Y-axis direction along the XY plane while maintaining a state in which the longitudinal direction is parallel to the X-axis.
  • the test piece mounting portion 51 includes a mounting portion 53a that is non-rotatably attached to one support shaft 43 and a mounting portion 53b that is separated from the mounting portion 53a and non-rotatably attached to one support shaft 43. It has a mounting plate 55 mounted between the mounting portion 53a and the mounting portion 53b.
  • the mounting plate 55 has a rectangular main surface 55a.
  • the first driver 20 is fixed to the left side surface of the frame portion 21, and the base portion of the drive shaft 73 is attached.
  • the drive shaft 73 is rotatably supported with respect to the frame portion 21 with its central axis parallel to the X axis.
  • the first driver 20 includes a motor, a transmission, and a control unit (not shown) inside, and rotates the drive shaft 73 in the forward and reverse directions around the central shaft thereof by a predetermined rotation angle and rotation speed. Let me.
  • the rotation angle and rotation speed of the drive shaft 73 are variable, so that the bending angle and bending speed in the folding test of the smartphone 1 described later can be appropriately changed.
  • test piece mounting portion 81 is non-rotatably mounted on the drive shaft 73.
  • test piece mounting portion 81 is mounted with a mounting portion 83a that is non-rotatably attached to the drive shaft 73 and a mounting portion 83b that is non-rotatably mounted on the drive shaft 73 apart from the mounting portion 83a. It has a mounting plate 85 mounted between the portion 83a and the mounting portion 83b.
  • the mounting plate 85 has a rectangular main surface 85a.
  • the main surface 85a at a predetermined rotation position around the drive shaft 73 of the test piece mounting portion 81, and the main surface 55a at a predetermined rotation position around one support shaft 43 of the test piece mounting portion 51. Is located so as to belong to a plane parallel to the XY plane.
  • the smartphone 1 is attached to the main surface 55a and the main surface 85a by adhering the back surface (the surface opposite to the flexible display 2).
  • the link portion 91 has a connecting member 94 having one end rotatably attached to the other mounting plate 85 and one mounting plate 55, and a connecting member having one end rotatably attached to the other mounting plate 85 and one mounting plate 55.
  • Has 96 and. Both the connecting member 94 and the connecting member 96 are rotatably attached to the other mounting plate 85 around a rotating shaft containing an end 85ac and around a rotating shaft containing an end 55ac. It is rotatably attached to one mounting plate 55.
  • the mounting plate 55 also rotates while keeping parallel. That is, even if the other mounting plate 85 rotates with the rotation of the drive shaft 73, the plane including the end portion 85ac and the end portion 55ac moves in parallel due to the rotation of the other mounting plate 85.
  • the end 85ac and the end 55ac always belong to the same XY plane.
  • the one-sided support shaft portion 41 slides freely along the guide rails 31a and 31b.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the stress application mechanism shown in FIG. FIG. 3 shows a state in which the other mounting plate 85, the one mounting plate 55, and the smartphone 1 attached to these are viewed from the X-axis direction.
  • 3 (B) and 3 (C) show a state in which the drive shaft 73 is rotated in the positive direction (clockwise direction) from the state of FIG. 3 (A).
  • the smartphone 1 has a flexible display 2 and a protective sheet 3 that covers the flexible display 2.
  • the smartphone 1 attached to the main surface 85a and the main surface 55a is a main surface that rotates symmetrically with respect to the plane P about the end portion 85ac and the end portion 55ac that are parallel to each other and have a constant distance K. It is bent between 85a and the main surface 55a. Therefore, the smartphone 1 in any of the vicinity of the end portion 85ac, the vicinity of the end portion 55ac, and between the end portions 85ac and 55ac is bent with substantially the same bending radius. According to this, since the bending conditions are unlikely to be unexpectedly biased depending on the position of the smartphone 1, a test with high reproducibility can be performed.
  • the stress application mechanism of FIG. 2 rotates the main surface 85a and the main surface 55a in a state where the end 85ac and the end 55ac are always parallel to the end 85ac and the end 55ac and the distance K is kept constant.
  • the portion of the smartphone 1 located between the vicinity of the end portion 85ac and the vicinity of the end portion 55ac is deformed, but the rest of the other smartphone 1 is hardly deformed. This selectively deforms the part to be the target of the deformation test, and realizes a deformation test with high accuracy and reproducibility.
  • the inspection system 100 further includes a light source 30, a camera 40, a second driver 42, a third driver 32, and a controller 50.
  • the light source 30 is arranged above the flexible display 2 of the smartphone 1 and is configured to irradiate the protective sheet 3 with excitation light. Upon receiving the excitation light, the stress-stimulated luminescent material contained in the protective sheet 3 transitions to the light emitting state.
  • the excitation light is, for example, ultraviolet light or blue light.
  • the protective sheet 3 is irradiated with excitation light from two directions, but the light source 30 is configured to irradiate the protective sheet 3 with excitation light from one direction or three or more directions. May be good.
  • the third driver 32 supplies electric power for driving the light source 30.
  • the third driver 32 can control the amount of excitation light emitted from the light source 30, the irradiation time of the excitation light, and the like by controlling the power supplied to the light source 30 in response to a command received from the controller 50.
  • the camera 40 is arranged above the flexible display 2 of the smartphone 1 so as to include a protective sheet 3 located on a predetermined area of the flexible display 2 in the imaging field of view. Specifically, the camera 40 is arranged so that the focus position is located at at least one point within a predetermined area of the flexible display 2. At least one point in the predetermined region is preferably located at the center of bending of the flexible display 2.
  • the camera 40 includes an optical system such as a lens and an image sensor.
  • the image sensor is realized by, for example, a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) sensor, a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) sensor, or the like.
  • the image pickup device generates an image pickup image by converting the light incident from the protective sheet 3 via the optical system into an electric signal.
  • the camera 40 is configured to capture the light emission of the protective sheet 3 located on the predetermined region at least when stress is applied to the flexible display 2 (that is, when the smartphone 1 is folded).
  • the image data generated by the imaging of the camera 40 is transmitted to the controller 50.
  • the second driver 42 is configured to be able to change the focus position of the camera 40 in response to a command received from the controller 50.
  • the second driver 42 can adjust the focus position of the camera 40 by moving the camera 40 along the Z-axis direction and the Y-axis direction shown in FIG.
  • the second driver 42 has a motor that rotates a feed screw that moves the camera 40 in the Z-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, and a motor driver that drives the motor.
  • the feed screw is rotationally driven by the motor, so that the camera 40 is positioned at a designated position within a predetermined range in each of the Z-axis and Y-axis directions.
  • the second driver 42 transmits the position information indicating the position of the camera 40 to the controller 50.
  • the controller 50 controls the entire inspection system 100.
  • the controller 50 has a processor 501, a memory 502, an input / output interface (I / F) 503, and a communication I / F 504 as main components. Each of these parts is communicably connected to each other via a bus (not shown).
  • the processor 501 is typically an arithmetic processing unit such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) or an MPU (Micro Processing Unit).
  • the processor 501 controls the operation of each part of the inspection system 100 by reading and executing the program stored in the memory 502. Specifically, the processor 501 realizes each of the processes of the inspection system 100, which will be described later, by executing the program.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a configuration in which the number of processors is singular, the controller 50 may have a configuration having a plurality of processors.
  • the memory 502 is realized by a non-volatile memory such as a RAM (Random Access Memory), a ROM (Read Only Memory), and a flash memory.
  • the memory 502 stores a program executed by the processor 501, data used by the processor 501, and the like.
  • the input / output I / F 503 is an interface for exchanging various data between the processor 501 and the first driver 20, the third driver 32, the camera 40, and the second driver 42.
  • the communication I / F 504 is a communication interface for exchanging various data between the inspection system 100 and other devices, and is realized by an adapter or a connector.
  • the communication method may be a wireless communication method using a wireless LAN (Local Area Network) or the like, or a wired communication method using USB (Universal Serial Bus) or the like.
  • a display 60 and an operation unit 70 are connected to the controller 50.
  • the display 60 is composed of a liquid crystal panel or the like capable of displaying an image.
  • the operation unit 70 receives a user's operation input to the inspection system 100.
  • the operation unit 70 is typically composed of a touch panel, a keyboard, a mouse, and the like.
  • the controller 50 is communicated with the first driver 20, the third driver 32, the camera 40, and the second driver 42. Communication between the controller 50 and the first driver 20, the third driver 32, the camera 40, and the second driver 42 may be realized by wireless communication or wired communication.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram for explaining the functional configuration of the controller 50.
  • the controller 50 includes a stress control unit 61, a light source control unit 62, an imaging control unit 63, a measurement control unit 64, a data acquisition unit 65, and a data processing unit 66. These are functional blocks realized based on processor 501 executing a program stored in memory 502.
  • the stress control unit 61 controls the operation of the first driver 20. Specifically, the stress control unit 61 controls the operating speed, operating time, and the like of the first driver 20 according to preset measurement conditions. By controlling the operating speed and operating time of the first driver 20, the rotation angle and rotation speed of the drive shaft 73 (see FIG. 2) in the holder 10 can be adjusted. Thereby, the bending angle, the bending speed, and the like of the smartphone 1 can be adjusted.
  • the light source control unit 62 controls the drive of the light source 30 by the third driver 32. Specifically, the light source control unit 62 generates a command for instructing the magnitude of the power supplied to the light source 30 and the power supply time to the light source 30 based on preset measurement conditions. , The generated command is output to the third driver 32. By controlling the electric power supplied to the light source 30 by the third driver 32 in accordance with the command, the amount of excitation light emitted from the light source 30, the irradiation time of the excitation light, and the like can be adjusted.
  • the image pickup control unit 63 controls the movement of the camera 40 by the second driver 42. Specifically, the image pickup control unit 63 follows the movement of the predetermined area of the flexible display 2 based on the preset measurement conditions and the position information of the camera 40 input from the second driver 42, and the camera 40 Generate a command to move the. The image pickup control unit 63 outputs the generated command to the second driver 42. By moving the camera 40 according to the command, the second driver 42 can maintain the focus position of the camera 40 at at least one point in the predetermined area of the flexible display 2.
  • the image pickup control unit 63 further controls the image pickup by the camera 40. Specifically, the image pickup control unit 63 controls the camera 40 so as to image the light emitted from the protective sheet 3 at least when stress is applied, according to preset measurement conditions.
  • the measurement conditions for imaging include the frame rate of the camera 40.
  • the data acquisition unit 65 acquires the image data generated by the imaging of the camera 40, and transfers the acquired image data to the data processing unit 66.
  • the data processing unit 66 measures the mechanoluminescence in the protective sheet 3 by performing known image processing on the image data obtained by the image pickup of the camera 40.
  • the data processing unit 66 generates, for example, an image showing the distribution of the mechanoluminescent intensity in the protective sheet 3.
  • the data processing unit 66 can display the measurement result including the image captured by the camera 40 and the image showing the distribution of the mechanoluminescent intensity on the protective sheet 3 on the display 60.
  • the measurement control unit 64 comprehensively controls the stress control unit 61, the light source control unit 62, the image pickup control unit 63, the data acquisition unit 65, and the data processing unit 66. Specifically, the measurement control unit 64 gives a control command to each unit based on the measurement conditions input to the operation unit 70 and the information of the smartphone 1 as a sample.
  • the inspection process of the smartphone 1 using the inspection system 100 according to the present embodiment will be described.
  • the inspection process described below can be performed, for example, in the manufacturing process of the smartphone 1 after the assembly process of the smartphone 1 and before the shipping process of the smartphone 1.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a processing procedure of the inspection process of the smartphone 1 using the inspection system 100.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the sample preparation process in step S10.
  • FIG. 6 schematically shows a plan view of the sample smartphone 1 and the protective sheet 3.
  • the smartphone 1 is configured to be foldable with a pair of hinge portions 1a and 1b provided at both ends of the center line in the width direction of the flexible display 2 as fulcrums.
  • the protective sheet 3 containing the mechanoluminescent material is prepared.
  • the protective sheet 3 can be made by using a material in which a stress luminescent material is contained in a predetermined ratio with respect to the resin material.
  • the protective sheet 3 can be produced by applying a material containing a mechanoluminescent material to the surface of a sheet made of a resin material and drying it.
  • the protective sheet 3 has a single-phase structure containing a stress-stimulated luminescent material or a multilayer structure including a layer containing a stress-stimulated luminescent material.
  • the protective sheet 3 has a rectangular shape having a size similar to that of the flexible display 2 of the smartphone 1, and has flexibility and light transmission.
  • the content of the stress-stimulated luminescent material in the protective sheet 3 does not impair the original protective function of the protective sheet 3 and does not interfere with the visibility of the information displayed on the flexible display 2 and the operability of the flexible display 2. Can be adjusted to an appropriate value of.
  • the protective sheet 3 is adhered to the surface of the flexible display 2 of the smartphone 1 by step S20 of FIG.
  • a deformation region is formed in the central portion of the flexible display 2 in the lateral direction (horizontal direction in FIG. 6) during the folding operation of the smartphone 1.
  • This deformation region has a band-like shape extending in the vertical direction (vertical direction in FIG. 6).
  • the protective sheet 3 is adhered to the flexible display 2 so as to be located at least on the deformation region.
  • the protective sheet 3 is arranged so as to cover the entire area of the flexible display 2.
  • the mechanoluminescence measurement process of the sample is executed using the inspection system 100.
  • the procedure of the mechanoluminescence measurement process by the inspection system 100 will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 7.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing a sample smartphone 1 and a protective sheet 3.
  • FIG. 7 (A) shows the smartphone 1 before the stress is applied
  • FIGS. 7 (B) and 7 (C) show the smartphone 1 when the stress is applied.
  • the smartphone 1 is attached by adhering the back surface to the main surface 55a of the one mounting plate 55 of the holder 10 and the main surface 85a of the other mounting plate 85.
  • the protective sheet 3 is arranged on the flexible display 2 of the smartphone 1.
  • the controller 50 excites the stress-stimulated luminescent material contained in the protective sheet 3 by irradiating the protective sheet 3 with excitation light from the light source 30 (see FIG. 7 (A)). ).
  • step S40 of FIG. 5 the controller 50 applies stress to the flexible display 2 by driving the first driver 20 and folding the smartphone 1.
  • the smartphone 1 is folded by rotating the drive shaft 73 in the forward direction by the first driver 20.
  • FIGS. 7B and 7C a state in which the smartphone 1 is folded in conjunction with the forward rotation of the drive shaft 73 is shown step by step.
  • step S50 of FIG. 5 the controller 50 images the protective sheet 3 with the camera 40 at the timing of applying stress to the flexible display 2. That is, the camera 40 captures the light emission of the stress-stimulated luminescent material contained in the protective sheet 3.
  • the central portion of the bending of the flexible display 2 moves in the Z-axis direction and the Y-axis direction of FIG. Specifically, the central portion of the bending of the flexible display 2 moves in parallel in the Y-axis direction and moves away from the camera 40 along the Z-axis direction.
  • the smartphone 1 is extended, the central portion of the bending moves in parallel in the Y-axis direction and moves in the direction approaching the camera 40 along the Z-axis direction.
  • the relative position between the camera 40 and the predetermined area changes according to the movement of the predetermined area of the flexible display 2.
  • the distance between the camera 40 and at least one point in the predetermined area also fluctuates. Since the focus position of the camera 40 at this time is fixed, if the distance between the camera 40 and the at least one point fluctuates, the camera 40 cannot focus on the at least one point, and as a result, the camera 40 cannot focus on the at least one point. There is a concern that it will be difficult to obtain an image in focus at at least one point.
  • the controller 50 controls at least one of the first driver 20 and the second driver 42 so that the focus position of the camera 40 is maintained at at least one point in a predetermined area of the flexible display 2 at least during imaging by the camera 40. It is configured as follows.
  • the controller 50 controls the second driver 42 so as to maintain the focus position of the camera 40 at at least one point in a predetermined area of the flexible display 2.
  • the second driver 42 maintains the focus position of the camera 40 at at least one point in the predetermined area by moving the camera 40 according to the movement of the predetermined area according to the command received from the controller 50. It is configured to do.
  • step S60 of FIG. 5 a sample inspection process is performed based on the image captured by the camera 40.
  • the controller 50 can display the measurement result including the image captured by the camera 40 and the image showing the distribution of the mechanoluminescent intensity on the protective sheet 3 on the display 60.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing an example of an image captured by the camera 40.
  • the intensity of mechanoluminescent intensity is expressed in brightness on a two-dimensional plane.
  • the intensity of the mechanoluminescent intensity may be represented by at least one of chromaticity, saturation and brightness.
  • the strength and weakness of the mechanoluminescent intensity are drawn by different hatching for convenience. Therefore, on the right side of the captured image, a bar indicating the hatching range assigned according to the intensity of the mechanoluminescent intensity is shown.
  • the mechanoluminescent pattern has a strip shape extending in the vertical direction (X-axis direction) in the central portion (that is, the central portion of bending) in the lateral direction (Y-axis direction) of the protective sheet 3. Appears in the shape of.
  • This stress-stimulated luminescence pattern corresponds to the deformation region of the flexible display 2. Therefore, by extracting and analyzing the stress-stimulated luminescence pattern from the captured image, it is possible to visualize and quantify the deformed state of the flexible display 2.
  • a portion having a large stress luminescence intensity indicates a portion having a large deformation
  • a portion having a small stress luminescence intensity indicates a portion having a small deformation. Therefore, the distribution of deformation of the flexible display 2 can be visualized and quantified based on the distribution of mechanoluminescent intensity.
  • the sample inspection process it is determined whether the sample is a normal product or a defective product based on the mechanoluminescent pattern extracted from the captured image of the sample. Specifically, by predetermining the mechanoluminescent pattern extracted from the captured image when the normal smartphone 1 is folded as a "reference pattern", the mechanoluminescent pattern extracted from the captured image of the sample can be obtained. By comparing with the reference pattern, it is possible to determine whether the sample is a normal product or a defective product.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically showing an example of a captured image of a sample.
  • FIG. 9A shows a mechanoluminescent pattern (that is, a reference pattern) in the reference normal smartphone 1.
  • 9 (B) to 9 (E) show examples of stress luminescence patterns for each sample.
  • the intensity of the stress luminescence intensity is drawn by different hatching for convenience, and a bar indicating the range of hatching assigned according to the intensity of the luminescence intensity is also shown.
  • the reference pattern is arranged in the vertical direction (vertical direction in FIG. 9) in the central portion (that is, the central portion of bending) in the horizontal direction (horizontal direction in FIG. 9) of the protective sheet 3. Appears in the form of an extending band.
  • the position, angle, and width of the band in the lateral direction of the band shape are parameters for determining the quality of the sample.
  • the stress-stimulated luminescence pattern may appear in the captured image of the sample in a state of being tilted from the vertical direction of the flexible display 2.
  • the inclination of this mechanoluminescent pattern corresponds to the inclination of the deformation region of the flexible display 2. Therefore, it can be determined from the inclination of the stress-stimulated luminescence pattern that the flexible display 2 is not properly deformed. It is expected that the positional relationship between the pair of hinge portions 1a and 1b in the sample smartphone 1 is not appropriate as the cause of such inclination.
  • the mechanoluminescent pattern may appear in a non-uniform state in the captured image of the sample.
  • the width of the band is non-uniform in the vertical direction. Even in this case, it is expected that the positional relationship between the pair of hinge portions 1a and 1b in the sample smartphone 1 is not appropriate.
  • the position and angle of the stress luminescence pattern coincide with the position and angle of the reference pattern, respectively, but the width of the band is narrower than that of the reference pattern.
  • the width of the band of the mechanoluminescent pattern of the sample is different from the reference pattern in this way, it is expected that the stress applied to the flexible display 2 during the folding operation of the sample is different from the stress applied to the normal product.
  • NS the width of the band of the stress luminescence pattern is narrower than that of the reference pattern as shown in FIG. 9D, it is expected that the bending radius of the flexible display 2 is smaller than that of the normal product.
  • the width of the band of the stress luminescence pattern is wider than that of the reference pattern, it is expected that the bending radius of the flexible display 2 is larger than that of the normal product.
  • FIG. 9E shows a case where another mechanoluminescent portion is observed at a position away from the reference pattern in the mechanoluminescent pattern of the sample. In this case, it can be determined that the deformation is specifically concentrated on the portion of the flexible display 2 corresponding to the stress-stimulated luminescent portion. In the example of FIG. 9E, it is expected that the defective portion exists at a position away from the central portion of the bending of the flexible display 2.
  • the sample stress-stimulated luminescence pattern by setting a threshold range for each of the position, size, and shape of the stress-stimulated luminescence pattern based on the reference pattern, all the positions, sizes, and shapes of the sample stress-stimulated luminescence pattern are set. If is within the threshold range, the sample can be determined to be a normal product.
  • the threshold range can be set for each of the position, angle, and band width of the stress luminescence pattern based on the reference pattern (FIG. 9 (A)). According to this, when at least one of the position, angle and band width of the mechanoluminescent pattern of the sample deviates from the threshold range, it can be determined that the sample is defective. Further, when it is determined that the sample is defective, the defective portion of the sample can be predicted by analyzing the degree of deviation of the mechanoluminescent pattern with respect to the threshold range.
  • the flexible display 2 can be preset with a non-luminescent region in which stress luminescence exceeding a predetermined luminescent intensity should not occur. According to this, in the captured image, when stress luminescence exceeding a predetermined luminescence intensity occurs in the non-light emitting region, it can be determined that the sample is a defective product. In addition, it can be expected that a defect is generated in the stress-stimulated luminescent portion in the non-luminescent region.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart for explaining a processing procedure of an embodiment of the sample inspection processing (S60) of FIG.
  • first step S610 sets a threshold range for each of the position, angle and shape (band width) of the stress luminescence pattern based on the reference pattern (see FIG. 9A). .. Further, in step S620, the non-emission region is set based on the reference pattern.
  • step S630 the stress luminescence pattern is extracted from the captured image of the sample.
  • the controller 50 can extract the stress luminescence pattern from the captured image of the sample by using a known image processing technique.
  • step S640 it is determined whether or not each of the position, angle, and shape of the stress luminescence pattern is within the threshold range.
  • step S640 If at least one of the positions, angles, and shapes of the stress-stimulated luminescence pattern is out of the threshold range in step S640 (NO in S640), the sample is determined to be defective by step S670.
  • step S640 when all the positions, angles and shapes of the stress luminescence pattern are within the threshold range (YES in S640), the process proceeds to step S650 and the stress exceeding the predetermined luminescence intensity in the non-luminescence region. It is determined whether or not light emission is occurring. When stress luminescence exceeding a predetermined luminescence intensity occurs in the non-luminescence region (YES in S650), it is determined in step S670 that the sample is defective.
  • the sample is determined to be a normal product by step S660.
  • the inspection process shown in FIG. 10 can be performed by the user with reference to the captured image displayed on the display screen of the display 60.
  • the controller 50 can automatically perform the operation based on the captured image of the sample.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram schematically showing an example of a display screen of the display 60 during the folding test of the sample.
  • the display screen of the display 60 includes an image captured by the camera 40 and a graph G1 generated based on the captured image. As an captured image, a plurality of frames are sequentially displayed for each measurement set.
  • the user can set at least one region of interest (ROI: Region of Interest) in the captured image by using the operation unit 70 (see FIG. 1).
  • ROI Region of Interest
  • two regions of interest ROI1 and ROI2 are set.
  • the controller 50 calculates a value based on the mechanoluminescent intensity in the ROI for each of the plurality of frames for each measurement set.
  • the value based on the mechanoluminescent intensity in the ROI can be calculated by statistically or general arithmetic processing the mechanoluminescent intensity in the ROI.
  • the controller 50 is configured to calculate the average emission intensity in the ROI.
  • the graph G1 in FIG. 11 is a graph showing the temporal change of the average emission intensity in the ROI.
  • the vertical axis of the graph shows the mechanoluminescent intensity
  • the horizontal axis shows the time.
  • the time on the horizontal axis of the graph G1 corresponds to the time during which one folding test is performed.
  • Graph G1 can be created by plotting the average emission intensity within the ROI calculated for each of the plurality of frames for each measurement set.
  • the user can observe in real time how the mechanoluminescent intensity of each ROI changes for each measurement set by referring to the graph G1 displayed on the display 60 during the execution of one folding test. Can be done.
  • the position of the central portion of the bending of the flexible display 2 also changes.
  • the user can observe in real time how the stress-luminescent intensity of the central portion of the bend changes.
  • the user can further specify the time at which the emission intensity is desired to be observed in one measurement set by using the operation unit 70.
  • the user can identify at least one time in one measurement set. For example, the user can specify the time corresponding to the timing when the stress applied to the flexible display 2 becomes maximum in one folding test. If the user specifies a time within one measurement set, the same time will be specified for the remaining measurement sets. That is, the specified time is a time common to each other among the plurality of measurement sets. In this way, it is possible to compare the mechanoluminescent intensities at a common specific time between different measurement sets.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining a method of creating a one-dimensional intensity profile.
  • the upper part of FIG. 12 shows a captured image of one frame in one measurement set.
  • the user can set the line L1 for which the one-dimensional intensity profile is to be created in the captured image by using the operation unit 70.
  • a line L1 extending in the lateral direction (Y-axis direction) is set so as to cross three regions R1 to R3 having different mechanoluminescent intensities.
  • the controller 50 (data processing unit 66 in FIG. 4) extracts a plurality of pixels located on the line L1 from the captured image, and detects the stress luminescence intensity of each of the extracted plurality of pixels.
  • the controller 50 creates the one-dimensional intensity profile shown in the lower part of FIG. 12 by plotting the detected mechanoluminescent intensities of the plurality of pixels according to the order of the pixels.
  • the vertical axis of the one-dimensional intensity profile indicates the mechanoluminescent intensity
  • the horizontal axis indicates a plurality of pixels on the line L1.
  • the one-dimensional intensity profile has a chevron waveform.
  • the mechanoluminescent intensity I1 at the position of the pixel Y1 is the peak, and the mechanoluminescent intensity decreases as the distance from the pixel Y1 increases to both sides.
  • the stress applied in the vicinity of the position corresponding to the pixel Y1 is the largest, and the stress gradually decreases as the distance from the position corresponding to the pixel Y1 on both sides in the X-axis direction increases. Can be judged.
  • the protective sheet containing the stress luminescent material is adhered to the flexible display, and the protective sheet when stress is applied to the flexible display.
  • the deformation state of the flexible display can be visualized and quantified from the captured image. According to this, it becomes possible to easily and accurately inspect the product equipped with the flexible display based on the captured image. Therefore, in the manufacturing process of a product equipped with a flexible display, it is possible to inspect the entire number of products and determine the quality thereof. As a result, it is possible to identify and eliminate in advance a product that may be damaged or malfunction after the product is shipped, so that it is possible to improve the reliability of the product equipped with the flexible display.
  • a protective sheet containing a mechanoluminescent material which is adhered to the surface of the flexible display, exerts a function of protecting the surface of the flexible display even after the product is shipped. It is possible to improve the reliability of the on-board product and reduce the risk of damage after shipment.
  • the protective sheet containing the mechanoluminescent material since the protective sheet containing the mechanoluminescent material has light transmittance, it does not interfere with the visibility of the information displayed on the flexible display when it is adhered to the surface of the flexible display. Further, when the flexible display is a touch panel display, the protective sheet does not interfere with the operability of the touch panel display.
  • a foldable smartphone has been exemplified as a product equipped with a flexible display, but some products equipped with a flexible display include a roll-up type or a roll-up type flexible display.
  • the stress application mechanism can be configured to reproduce the stress applied to the flexible display during the winding or winding operation.
  • the inspection method for a product equipped with a flexible display includes a step of adhering a protective sheet containing a stress-stimulated luminescent material to the surface of the flexible display, a step of irradiating the protective sheet with excitation light, and flexible. Based on the step of deforming the flexible display by applying stress to the display, the step of imaging at least the protective sheet located on the deformed region of the flexible display, and the step of imaging the stress-luminescent image obtained by the step of imaging the flexible display. It includes a step to inspect the on-board product.
  • a protective sheet containing a stress luminescent material is adhered to the flexible display, and the stress luminescence of the protective sheet when stress is applied to the flexible display is imaged. Therefore, the deformation state of the flexible display can be visualized and quantified from the mechanoluminescent image. According to this, it becomes possible to easily and accurately inspect the product equipped with the flexible display based on the mechanoluminescent image.
  • the steps to be inspected are a step of extracting a mechanoluminescent pattern from a mechanoluminescent image and a step of applying stress to a reference flexible display.
  • the stress luminescence pattern is used as a reference pattern, and the step of determining the quality of the product equipped with the flexible display based on the stress luminescence pattern extracted by the extraction step and the reference pattern is included.
  • the product equipped with the flexible display is a normal product or a defective product based on the mechanoluminescent image of the protective sheet when stress is applied to the flexible display. Can be easily determined.
  • the determination step is at least one of the position, size and shape of the stress-stimulated luminescent pattern extracted by the extraction step with respect to the reference pattern. Including the step of determining the quality of the product equipped with the flexible display based on the above.
  • the product equipped with the flexible display is a normal product based on the mechanoluminescent pattern appearing in the mechanoluminescent image of the protective sheet when stress is applied to the flexible display. It is possible to easily determine whether the product is defective or defective.
  • At least one of the position, size and shape of the stress-stimulated luminescent pattern extracted by the extraction step is a reference pattern. Includes a step of determining a defective product with a flexible display when the threshold range set based on the position, size, and shape is exceeded.
  • the flexible display is based on the position, size and shape of the mechanoluminescent pattern appearing in the mechanoluminescent image of the protective sheet when stress is applied to the flexible display. It is possible to easily determine whether the mounted product is a normal product or a defective product.
  • the product equipped with the flexible display is a normal product based on the mechanoluminescent pattern appearing in the mechanoluminescent image of the protective sheet when stress is applied to the flexible display. It is possible to easily determine whether the product is defective or defective.
  • the steps to be inspected are a step of generating a time waveform of stress luminescence intensity when stress is applied to the flexible display and a time waveform of stress luminescence intensity. Further includes the step of inspecting the product equipped with the flexible display using.
  • the product equipped with a flexible display can be easily and accurately manufactured based on the mechanoluminescent pattern appearing in the mechanoluminescent image of the protective sheet when stress is applied to the flexible display. Can be inspected.
  • the steps to be inspected include a step of extracting the mechanoluminescent pattern from the mechanoluminescent image and a step of extracting the mechanoluminescent pattern in the stress-luminescent pattern extracted by the extraction step. It further includes a step of generating a one-dimensional profile of mechanoluminescent intensity on a set line segment and a step of inspecting a product equipped with a flexible display using the one-dimensional profile.
  • the product equipped with a flexible display can be easily and accurately manufactured based on the mechanoluminescent pattern appearing in the mechanoluminescent image of the protective sheet when stress is applied to the flexible display. Can be inspected.
  • the protective sheet can reduce the risk of damage after shipment, and the visibility displayed on the flexible display and the touch panel display. It does not interfere with operability. According to this, since it is possible to eliminate the work of peeling off the protective sheet from the flexible display after imaging the mechanoluminescence, it is possible to simplify the shipping work of the product equipped with the inspected flexible display. Further, by peeling off the protective sheet, it is possible to prevent traces from remaining on the flexible display.
  • the method for manufacturing a flexible display-equipped product includes a step of manufacturing a flexible display-equipped product and a step of inspecting the flexible display-equipped product.
  • the steps to be inspected include a step of adhering a protective sheet containing a stress-stimulated luminescent material to the surface of a flexible display, a step of irradiating the protective sheet with excitation light, and a step of applying stress to the flexible display to display the flexible display. It includes a step of deforming, a step of imaging a protective sheet located at least on the deformed region of the flexible display, and a step of inspecting the product equipped with the flexible display based on the mechanoluminescent image obtained by the step of imaging.
  • a protective sheet containing a stress luminescent material is adhered to the flexible display, and the stress luminescence of the protective sheet when stress is applied to the flexible display is imaged. Therefore, the deformation state of the flexible display can be visualized and quantified from the mechanoluminescent image. According to this, it becomes possible to easily and accurately inspect the product equipped with the flexible display based on the mechanoluminescent image.
  • An inspection system for inspecting a product equipped with a flexible display includes a processor, a memory, and a program stored in the memory and executed by the processor.
  • a protective sheet containing a mechanoluminescent material is adhered to the surface of the flexible display.
  • the program includes a step of irradiating the protective sheet with excitation light, a step of deforming the flexible display by applying stress to the flexible display, and a step of imaging at least the protective sheet located on the deformed region of the flexible display. Based on the stress-luminescent image obtained by the step of imaging, the processor is made to perform the step of inspecting the product equipped with the flexible display.
  • a protective sheet containing a mechanoluminescent substance is adhered to the flexible display, and the mechanoluminescence of the protective sheet when stress is applied to the flexible display is imaged.
  • the deformation state of the flexible display can be visualized and quantified from the mechanoluminescent image. According to this, it becomes possible to easily and accurately inspect the product equipped with the flexible display based on the mechanoluminescent image.
  • the product equipped with a flexible display includes a flexible display and a protective sheet adhered to the surface of the flexible display.
  • the protective sheet contains a stress-stimulated luminescent material.
  • the deformation state of the flexible display is visualized and quantified from the mechanoluminescent image by imaging the mechanoluminescence of the protective sheet when stress is applied to the flexible display. Can be done. According to this, it becomes possible to easily and accurately inspect the product equipped with the flexible display based on the mechanoluminescent image.
  • the protective sheet protects the surface of the touch panel display, so that the reliability of the flexible display-equipped product can be improved and the risk of damage after shipment can be reduced. ..
  • the protective sheet does not interfere with the visibility displayed on the flexible display and the operability of the touch panel display. According to this, since it is possible to eliminate the work of peeling off the protective sheet from the flexible display after imaging the mechanoluminescence, it is possible to simplify the shipping work of the product equipped with the inspected flexible display. Further, by peeling off the protective sheet, it is possible to prevent traces from remaining on the flexible display.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
  • Controls And Circuits For Display Device (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé d'inspection d'un produit d'affichage installé flexible qui comprend : une étape de collage d'une feuille de protection (3) contenant un corps luminescent de contrainte sur la surface d'un dispositif d'affichage flexible (2) ; une étape de projection d'une lumière d'excitation sur la feuille de protection (3) ; une étape consistant à amener le dispositif d'affichage flexible (2) à se déformer en appliquant une contrainte au dispositif d'affichage flexible (2) ; une étape d'imagerie de la feuille de protection (3) positionnée sur au moins la région déformée du dispositif d'affichage flexible (2) ; et une étape d'inspection du produit d'affichage installé flexible (1) sur la base d'une image de luminescence de contrainte obtenue au moyen de l'étape d'imagerie.
PCT/JP2021/004103 2020-02-07 2021-02-04 Procédé d'inspection de produit d'affichage installé flexible, procédé de fabrication de produit d'affichage installé flexible, système d'inspection de produit d'affichage installé flexible et produit d'affichage installé flexible WO2021157656A1 (fr)

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JP2020019444A JP2021124445A (ja) 2020-02-07 2020-02-07 フレキシブルディスプレイ搭載製品の検査方法、フレキシブルディスプレイ搭載製品の製造方法、フレキシブルディスプレイ搭載製品の検査システムおよびフレキシブルディスプレイ搭載製品
JP2020-019444 2020-02-07

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Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
HAYATO IZUMI; YOKO HAGA; NOBUYUKI SHISHIDO; SHOJI KAMIYA: "Evaluation of bending deformation and fracture behavior on multilayered thin film structure using mechanoluminescence", THE PROCEEDINGS OF 67TH CONFERENCE OF TOKAI BRANCH OF THE JAPAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS, 13 March 2018 (2018-03-13), pages 722, XP009524737 *

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