WO2021147787A1 - 一种无线局域网的通信方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种无线局域网的通信方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021147787A1
WO2021147787A1 PCT/CN2021/072256 CN2021072256W WO2021147787A1 WO 2021147787 A1 WO2021147787 A1 WO 2021147787A1 CN 2021072256 W CN2021072256 W CN 2021072256W WO 2021147787 A1 WO2021147787 A1 WO 2021147787A1
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Prior art keywords
ppdu
sta
preamble
field
frame
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PCT/CN2021/072256
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄国刚
郭宇宸
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to EP21745166.5A priority Critical patent/EP4072206A4/en
Publication of WO2021147787A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021147787A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
    • H04B17/318—Received signal strength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/24—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
    • H04W52/245—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters taking into account received signal strength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/06—TPC algorithms
    • H04W52/14—Separate analysis of uplink or downlink
    • H04W52/146—Uplink power control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/24—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
    • H04W52/242—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters taking into account path loss
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a communication method and device of a wireless local area network.
  • WLAN Wireless local area network
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a wireless local area network communication method and device, in order to improve the WLAN communication quality.
  • a communication method for a wireless local area network WLAN includes the following steps: a first station STA receives a first physical layer protocol data unit PPDU from a first access point AP, and the first STA receives The preamble field in the first PPDU determines the received power; wherein, the preamble field includes one or more of the following fields: the extremely high throughput short training field EHT-STF or the extremely high throughput long training field EHT-LTF.
  • the received power is determined by the EHT-STF/EHT-LTF field, which can be applied to more communication scenarios.
  • the first preamble sent by multiple APs is the same, and the first STA cannot estimate the path loss associated with the AP based on the fields in the first preamble.
  • Multiple APs send different second preambles on different RUs.
  • the second preamble includes the EHT-STF/EHT-LTF field, so that the first STA determines the reception according to the EHT-STF/EHT-LTF field in the downlink PPDU
  • the power can determine the path loss between the first STA and the associated first AP, and further determine the power to send the uplink PPDU to the first AP.
  • the first STA may also determine the path loss between the first STA and the first AP according to the received power; An STA determines the uplink transmission power according to the path loss.
  • the first STA determines the path loss between the first STA and the first AP according to the received power, which may be implemented through the first field in the first PPDU, specifically , The first STA determines the path loss between the first STA and the first AP according to the received power and the first field in the first PPDU; wherein, the first field includes AP Transmit power (AP Tx Power) field.
  • AP Tx Power AP Transmit power
  • the first STA determines the uplink transmit power according to the path loss, which may be implemented through the second field in the first PPDU. Specifically, the first STA determines the uplink transmit power according to the path loss. And the second field in the first PPDU to determine the uplink transmission power; wherein, the second field includes an uplink target received signal strength indicator RSSI (UL Target RSSI) field.
  • RSSI uplink target received signal strength indicator
  • the first STA receives the first PPDU from the first access point AP, and the first PPDU may be received in the following manner: the first STA is in each channel unit of the first channel
  • the first preamble part of the first PPDU is received on the above, that is, the first preamble part received on each channel unit of the first channel is the same.
  • the first channel includes N channel units, it is equivalent to the first STA receiving N first preamble parts repeatedly sent, and the received first preamble part is a signal in which N first preamble parts are superimposed on the first channel.
  • the first STA receives the second preamble part and the first data part of the first PPDU on the first resource unit RU of the first channel; wherein, the second preamble part includes the preamble field.
  • the first STA determines the position of the first RU according to the third field in the first preamble, that is, determines to receive the second preamble and the second preamble of the first PPDU on the first RU.
  • the AID of the first AP is used to identify the first AP and used to distinguish different APs.
  • the first preamble part sent by multiple APs is the same, so that the first STA can determine which RU needs to receive the required data according to the first preamble part in any PPDU detected , That is, go to the first RU associated with the first AP to receive the required data.
  • the first preamble includes one or more of the following fields: traditional short training field L-STF, traditional long training field L-LTF, traditional signaling L-SIG, repeated traditional signaling RL-SIG, extremely high throughput EHT signaling A, or EHT signaling B.
  • the first STA receives a first beacon frame from the first AP, the first beacon frame includes basic service set BSS information of the first AP, and the BSS information includes BSS Color, the BSS information of the first AP is the same as the BSS information of the second AP; the first STA determines whether it needs to receive a downlink PPDU according to the BSS information of the first AP.
  • the first STA determines that it needs to receive the first PPDU according to the received BSS information.
  • the first STA performs frequency synchronization calibration according to the trigger frame in the first PPDU.
  • a communication method for a wireless local area network is provided.
  • the method is implemented by the following steps: a master coordinating access point AP sends a first trigger frame to both the first AP and the second AP on a first channel, and the first The trigger frame is used to trigger the first AP and the second AP to send downlink PPDUs after receiving the short frame interval SIFS after the first trigger frame;
  • the first trigger frame includes one or more of the following: The length of the downlink PPDU, the length of the uplink PPDU, the information of the preamble part of the downlink PPDU, or the information of the second trigger frame; wherein the downlink PPDU is the PPDU sent by the first AP to the first STA or the second The PPDU sent by the AP to the second STA, where the uplink PPDU is the PPDU sent by the first STA to the first AP or the PPDU sent by the second STA to the second AP; the downlink PPDU includes all
  • the second trigger frame
  • the first AP and the second AP can determine the content and length of the downlink PPDU according to the first trigger frame, so as to realize the cooperation between multiple APs. For example, when the first AP and the second AP send the same first preamble part, through the first trigger frame sent by the master coordinating AP, the first AP and the second AP can determine the content of the first preamble part according to the first trigger frame .
  • the information of the preamble part of the downlink PPDU includes one or more of the following fields: traditional signaling L-SIG, extremely high throughput EHT signaling A, EHT signaling B, or extremely high throughput The number of long training fields EHT-LTF.
  • a communication method of a wireless local area network includes the following steps: a first access point AP receives a first uplink frame from a first STA; the first AP returns the first uplink frame to the first STA The ACK frame is confirmed, and the scrambling code seed of the first ACK frame is the same as the scrambling code seed of the first uplink frame.
  • any AP may correctly receive the uplink frame sent by the STA. Assuming that both the first AP and the second AP receive the first uplink frame sent by the first STA, the first AP and the second AP return an ACK frame after SIFS after receiving the first uplink frame.
  • the scrambling code seeds of the two ACK frames are the same as the scrambling code seeds of the first uplink frame, which can avoid the interference of the PPDUs of the two ACK frames caused by the different scrambling codes used, and ensure that the STA can correctly receive the ACK frame.
  • the first uplink frame includes a basic service set BSS identifier, and the BSS identifier is used to identify the first AP and used to identify the second AP.
  • the first AP before the first AP receives the first uplink frame from the first STA, the first AP sends a first beacon frame to the first STA, and the first beacon frame includes all
  • the BSS information of the basic service set of the first AP is the same as the BSS information of the second AP.
  • a communication device may be a station STA, may be recorded as the first STA, may also be a device in the STA (for example, a chip, or a chip system, or a circuit), or may be able to communicate with the STA. Match the device used.
  • the communication device may include modules that perform one-to-one correspondence of the methods/operations/steps/actions described in the first aspect.
  • the modules may be hardware circuits, software, or hardware circuits combined with software.
  • the communication device may include a processing module and a communication module. The processing module is used to call the communication module to perform the function of receiving and/or sending. Illustratively:
  • the communication module is configured to receive the first physical layer protocol data unit PPDU from the first access point AP; the processing module is configured to determine the received power according to the preamble field in the first PPDU; wherein, the preamble field includes the following One or more fields: Extremely high throughput short training field EHT-STF or extremely high throughput long training field EHT-LTF.
  • EHT-STF Extremely high throughput short training field
  • EHT-LTF extremely high throughput long training field
  • the processing module is further configured to: determine the path loss between the first STA and the first AP according to the received power; The path loss determines the uplink transmission power.
  • the processing module when the processing module determines the path loss between the first STA and the first AP according to the received power, it may be implemented through the first field in the first PPDU, specifically The processing module is specifically configured to determine the path loss between the first STA and the first AP according to the received power and the first field in the first PPDU; wherein, the first field One field includes the AP transmit power (AP Tx Power) field.
  • AP Tx Power AP transmit power
  • the processing module when determining the uplink transmit power according to the path loss, may be implemented by using the second field in the first PPDU. Specifically, the processing module may be implemented according to the path loss. And the second field in the first PPDU to determine the uplink transmission power; wherein, the second field includes an uplink target received signal strength indicator RSSI (UL Target RSSI) field.
  • RSSI uplink target received signal strength indicator
  • the specific receiving method may be as follows: the communication module receives on each channel unit of the first channel
  • the first preamble part of the first PPDU that is, the first preamble part received on each channel unit of the first channel, is the same.
  • the first channel includes N channel units, it is equivalent to the communication module receiving N
  • the first preamble part is repeatedly sent, and the received first preamble part is a signal of N first preamble parts superimposed on the first channel.
  • the communication module receives the second preamble part and the first data part of the first PPDU on the first resource unit RU of the first channel; wherein the second preamble part includes the preamble field.
  • the processing module is further configured to determine the position of the first RU according to the third field in the first preamble part, that is, determine to receive the second preamble of the first PPDU on the first RU Part and a first data part; wherein the third field includes an AID field of the association identifier of the first AP.
  • the AID of the first AP is used to identify the first AP and used to distinguish different APs.
  • the first preamble part sent by multiple APs is the same, so that the first STA can determine which RU needs to receive the required data according to the first preamble part in any PPDU detected , That is, go to the first RU associated with the first AP to receive the required data.
  • the first preamble includes one or more of the following fields: traditional short training field L-STF, traditional long training field L-LTF, traditional signaling L-SIG, repeated traditional signaling RL-SIG, extremely high throughput EHT signaling A, or EHT signaling B.
  • the communication module is further configured to: receive a first beacon frame from the first AP, where the first beacon frame includes basic service set BSS information of the first AP, and BSS The information includes the BSS color, and the BSS information of the first AP is the same as the BSS information of the second AP; the first STA determines whether it needs to receive a downlink PPDU according to the BSS information of the first AP. In a scenario where multiple APs cooperate, and the BSS information of the multiple APs is the same, the first STA determines that it needs to receive the first PPDU according to the received BSS information.
  • the processing module is further configured to perform frequency synchronization calibration according to the trigger frame in the first PPDU.
  • a communication device may be an AP, such as a master coordinating AP in multiple AP cooperation, or a device in the AP (for example, a chip, or a chip system, or a circuit), or A device that can match the AP.
  • the communication device may include modules that perform one-to-one correspondence of the methods/operations/steps/actions described in the second aspect.
  • the modules may be hardware circuits, software, or hardware circuits combined with software.
  • the device may include a processing module and a communication module. The processing module is used to call the communication module to perform the function of receiving and/or sending.
  • the processing module is used to call the communication module to perform the function of receiving and/or sending.
  • the processing module is used to call the communication module to send a first trigger frame to both the first AP and the second AP on the first channel, and the first trigger frame is used to trigger the first AP and the second AP to receive
  • the downlink PPDU is sent after the short frame interval SIFS after the first trigger frame;
  • the first trigger frame includes one or more of the following: the length of the downlink PPDU, the length of the uplink PPDU, the information of the preamble part of the downlink PPDU, Or the information of the second trigger frame; wherein, the downlink PPDU is the PPDU sent by the first AP to the first STA or the PPDU sent by the second AP to the second STA, and the uplink PPDU is the first The PPDU sent by the STA to the first AP or the PPDU sent by the second STA to the second AP; the downlink PPDU includes the second trigger frame, and the second trigger frame is used to trigger the second AP One STA or the second STA sends the
  • the information of the preamble part of the downlink PPDU includes one or more of the following fields: traditional signaling L-SIG, extremely high throughput EHT signaling A, EHT signaling B, or extremely high throughput The number of long training fields EHT-LTF.
  • a communication device in a sixth aspect, can be an AP, can be recorded as the first AP, can also be a device in the AP (for example, a chip, or a chip system, or a circuit), or can be matched with an AP
  • the communication device may include modules that perform one-to-one correspondence of the methods/operations/steps/actions described in the first aspect.
  • the modules may be hardware circuits, software, or hardware circuits combined with software.
  • the communication device may include a processing module and a communication module.
  • the processing module is used to call the communication module to perform the function of receiving and/or sending.
  • the communication module may also include a receiving module and a sending module.
  • the receiving module is configured to receive the first uplink frame from the first STA; the transmitting module is configured to return a first confirmation ACK frame to the first STA, and the scrambling code seed of the first ACK frame is the same as the first uplink frame.
  • the scrambling seed of the frame is the same.
  • any AP may correctly receive the uplink frame sent by the STA. Assuming that both the first AP and the second AP receive the first uplink frame sent by the first STA, the first AP and the second AP return an ACK frame after SIFS after receiving the first uplink frame.
  • the scrambling code seeds of the two ACK frames are the same as the scrambling code seeds of the first uplink frame, which can avoid the interference of the PPDUs of the two ACK frames caused by the different scrambling codes used, and ensure that the STA can correctly receive the ACK frame.
  • the first uplink frame includes a basic service set BSS identifier, and the BSS identifier is used to identify the first AP and used to identify the second AP.
  • the sending module before the receiving module receives the first uplink frame from the first STA, the sending module is further configured to send a first beacon frame to the first STA, and the first beacon frame
  • the basic service set BSS information of the first AP is included.
  • the BSS information of the first AP is the same as the BSS information of the second AP.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device.
  • the communication device includes a communication interface and a processor.
  • the communication interface is used for communication between the device and other devices, for example, data or signal transmission and reception.
  • the communication interface may be a transceiver, circuit, bus, module, or other type of communication interface, and the other device may be an AP.
  • the processor is used to call a set of programs, instructions or data to execute the method described in the first aspect.
  • the device may also include a memory for storing programs, instructions or data called by the processor.
  • the memory is coupled with the processor, and when the processor executes instructions or data stored in the memory, the method described in the first aspect can be implemented.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device.
  • the communication device includes a communication interface and a processor.
  • the communication interface is used for communication between the communication device and other devices, such as data or signal transmission and reception.
  • the communication interface may be a transceiver, circuit, bus, module, or other type of communication interface, and the other device may be a station STA.
  • the processor is used to call a set of programs, instructions, or data to execute the method described in the second or third aspect.
  • the communication device may also include a memory for storing programs, instructions or data called by the processor. The memory is coupled with the processor, and when the processor executes the instructions or data stored in the memory, the method described in the second aspect or the third aspect can be implemented.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer-readable storage medium stores computer-readable instructions.
  • the computer can execute The method as described in the first aspect or any one of the possible designs of the first aspect.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium, including instructions, which when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute as described in the second aspect or any one of the possible designs in the second aspect. The method described.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, including instructions, which when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute any of the possible designs in the third aspect or the third aspect The method described.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a chip system, which includes a processor and may also include a memory for implementing the above-mentioned first aspect or any one of the possible designs of the first aspect. method.
  • the chip system can be composed of chips, or it can include chips and other discrete devices.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a chip system, which includes a processor and may also include a memory, which is used to implement the above-mentioned second aspect or any one of the possible designs of the second aspect. method.
  • the chip system can be composed of chips, or it can include chips and other discrete devices.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a chip system that includes a processor and may also include a memory for implementing the above-mentioned third aspect or any one of the possible designs of the third aspect. method.
  • the chip system can be composed of chips, or it can include chips and other discrete devices.
  • a computer program product containing instructions which when running on a computer, causes the computer to execute the above-mentioned aspects and the method described in any possible design of each aspect.
  • FIG 1 is one of the schematic diagrams of the WLAN system architecture in an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 2 is the second schematic diagram of the WLAN system architecture in an embodiment of the application
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of a downlink PPDU in an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 4 is one of the schematic diagrams of the sending process of the downlink PPDU in the embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the second flow of a wireless local area network communication method in an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method in a multi-AP cooperation scenario in an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the third process of the wireless local area network communication method in an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 8 is the second schematic diagram of the downlink PPDU sending process in the embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the fourth process of the wireless local area network communication method in an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a first method of sending a beacon frame by multiple APs in an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the second mode of sending a beacon frame by multiple APs in an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device in an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device in an embodiment of this application.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and device for a wireless local area network, with a view to inter-cell interference when multiple access points (AP) use OFDMA technology for transmission.
  • the method and the device are based on the same or similar technical conception. Since the method and the device have similar principles for solving the problem, the implementation of the device and the method can be referred to each other, and the repetition will not be repeated.
  • “and/or” describes the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there can be three types of relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean: A alone exists, and both A and B exist separately. There are three cases of B.
  • the character "/" generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or” relationship.
  • At least one involved in this application refers to one or more; multiple refers to two or more.
  • words such as “first”, “second”, and “third” are only used for the purpose of distinguishing description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. Nor can it be understood as indicating or implying order.
  • References described in this specification to “one embodiment” or “some embodiments”, etc. mean that one or more embodiments of the present application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in combination with the embodiment. Therefore, the sentences “in one embodiment”, “in some embodiments”, “in some other embodiments”, “in some other embodiments”, etc.
  • the wireless local area network communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applied to the fourth generation (4th generation, 4G) communication system, such as long term evolution (LTE), and can also be applied to the fifth generation (5th generation, 5G).
  • Communication systems such as 5G new radio (NR), or applied to various communication systems in the future.
  • the wireless local area network communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application may also be applicable to a wireless local area network (WLAN) system, and may be applicable to IEEE 802.11 system standards, such as the IEEE802.11ax standard, or its next or next generation
  • IEEE 802.11 system standards such as the IEEE802.11ax standard
  • the standard can also be applied to wireless local area network systems including but not limited to Internet of Things (IoT) networks or Vehicle to X (V2X) networks.
  • IoT Internet of Things
  • V2X Vehicle to X
  • a WLAN system 100 to which the embodiments of the present application can be applied may include: one or more APs, and one or more stations (stations, STAs).
  • Figure 1 takes one AP101 and two STAs as an example, and the two STAs are represented by STA102-1 and STA102-1.
  • AP101 is associated with STA102-1 and STA102-1.
  • the WLAN system 100 may also include multiple APs.
  • Figure 2 shows two APs, taking each AP connecting two STAs as an example. It can be understood that the WLAN system may also include more APs and more STAs.
  • the two APs are AP101-1 and AP101-2, and AP101-1 connects to two STAs, denoted by STA102-1 and STA102-2.
  • AP101-2 connects to two STAs, denoted by STA102-3 and STA102-4.
  • AP can also be called a wireless access point or bridge or hotspot.
  • the AP can be connected to a server or a communication network.
  • the AP itself is also a station.
  • An AP is a device that is deployed in a wireless communication network or a WLAN network to provide wireless communication functions for its associated stations.
  • the AP can be used as the hub of the WLAN system.
  • APs can be base stations, routers, gateways, repeaters, communication servers, switches, or bridges.
  • the base station may include various forms of macro base stations, micro base stations, and relay stations.
  • the above-mentioned devices are collectively referred to as APs in the embodiments of the present application.
  • STA can be a variety of user terminals, user devices, access devices, subscriber stations, subscriber units, mobile stations, user agents, user equipment or other names with wireless communication functions.
  • user terminals can include various types of wireless communication. Functional handheld devices, vehicle-mounted devices, wearable devices, computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, as well as various forms of user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), terminal (terminal) ), terminal equipment, portable communication equipment, handsets, portable computing equipment, entertainment equipment, gaming equipment or systems, global positioning system equipment or any other suitable equipment configured to communicate via wireless media, etc.
  • UE user equipment
  • MS mobile station
  • terminal terminal equipment
  • the structure of the downlink physical layer protocol data unit (physical layer convergence protocol data unit, PPDU) is as follows.
  • the PPDU sent by the AP to the associated STA is called a downlink PPDU.
  • the downlink PPDU may include a preamble part and a data part
  • the preamble part may include a first preamble part and a second preamble part.
  • the leading part includes some leading fields.
  • the data portion may include data fields.
  • FIG. 3 it exemplarily illustrates the fields that may be included in the frame structure of the downlink PPDU.
  • the first preamble includes the traditional short training field (L-STF), the traditional long training field (L-LTF), the traditional signaling (legacy signaling, L-SIG), and the repeated traditional training field.
  • Signaling peerated legacy signaling, RL-SIG
  • extremely high throughput signaling A extreme high throughput signaling A, EHT-SIG-A
  • extremely high throughput signaling B extreme high throughput signaling B, EHT-SIG
  • the first leading part may also include more or fewer fields.
  • the second preamble part includes an extremely high throughput short training field (EHT-STF) and an extremely high throughput long training field (EHT-LTF).
  • EHT-STF extremely high throughput short training field
  • EHT-LTF extremely high throughput long training field
  • the data part may include two parts: data payload (data) and packet extension (PE), and the data payload part is used to carry the data sent to the STA.
  • data data payload
  • PE packet extension
  • the downlink PPDU may also include a trigger frame. Normally, the trigger frame is included in the data part and can be aggregated with data.
  • the next-generation Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11ax standard is based on the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) technology. Further adopt orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) technology.
  • OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
  • the OFDMA technology divides the air interface radio channel time-frequency resources into multiple orthogonal time-frequency resource units (RU). RUs can be shared in time, but orthogonal in frequency domain. For a single AP, when the AP needs to transmit data with the STA, it allocates resources based on the RU or RU group. Allocate different channel resources to different STAs at the same time, so that multiple STAs can efficiently access the channel and improve channel utilization.
  • Multi-AP cooperation refers to the exchange of information between multiple APs to achieve parallel transmission, avoid interference, or achieve the purpose of optimized configuration of transmission resources.
  • the use of OFDMA technology through the cooperation of multiple APs can effectively reduce inter-cell interference.
  • multiple APs can use the following methods to send the preamble part and the data part.
  • the AP For any AP that cooperates with multiple APs, the AP repeatedly sends the first preamble part on each channel unit of the channel, and sends the second preamble part and the data part on the resources associated with the receiving STA in the channel.
  • the multiple APs include a first AP and a second AP.
  • the following uses the cooperation of the first AP and the second AP to send downlink PPDUs, and an example of how to send PPDUs in a multi-AP cooperation scenario will be described.
  • the first AP is associated with the first STA
  • the second AP is associated with the second STA.
  • the first STA is any STA associated with the first AP
  • the second STA is any STA associated with the second AP.
  • the first AP sends the first PPDU to the first STA
  • the second AP sends the second PPDU to the second STA.
  • the manner in which the fields in the first PPDU and the second PPDU occupy resources is as follows.
  • the full bandwidth of the first channel includes one or more channel units. Channel units may also be called sub-channels. For example, the full bandwidth of the first channel is 80MHz, the first channel includes 4 channel units, and the bandwidth of the channel unit is 20MHz; for another example, the full bandwidth of the first channel is 80MHz, and the first channel includes 2 channel units.
  • the bandwidth of the first channel is 40MHz; the full bandwidth of the first channel is 40MHz, the first channel includes 2 channel units, and the bandwidth of the channel unit is 20MHz.
  • the full bandwidth of the first channel may include multiple frequency resource units (resource units, RU). For example, in OFDMA technology, the channel bandwidth is divided into multiple orthogonal RUs. Alternatively, the full bandwidth of the first channel may include multiple time-frequency resource blocks (resource blocks, RBs). In this application, RU is taken as an example to introduce.
  • the first preamble part of the first PPDU is sent on the entire bandwidth/full bandwidth of the first channel.
  • the first AP repeatedly transmits the first preamble part of the first PPDU on each channel unit of the first channel.
  • the second preamble part and the data part of the first PPDU are sent on the first RU/first RU group of the first channel.
  • the first RU group includes multiple RUs.
  • the first preamble part of the second PPDU is sent on the entire bandwidth/full bandwidth of the first channel.
  • the second AP repeatedly transmits the first preamble part of the first PPDU on each channel unit of the first channel.
  • the second preamble part and the data part of the second PPDU are sent on the second RU/second RU group of the first channel.
  • the second RU group includes multiple RUs.
  • the first preamble part of the first PPDU and the first preamble part of the second PPDU are both repeatedly sent on the full bandwidth of the first channel with the granularity of channel units. If different first preamble parts are sent on the same channel, interference will occur. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, the first preamble part of the first PPDU and the first preamble part of the second PPDU are the same. The same meaning can be understood as the fields and the contents of the fields included in the first preamble part of the first PPDU and the first preamble part of the second PPDU are the same.
  • the STA that receives the first PPDU and the second PPDU can recognize the same meaning through the first preamble part.
  • the first AP and the second AP repeatedly send the first preamble part on the full bandwidth of the first channel with a channel unit as the granularity, and the signals of multiple first preamble parts are superimposed together.
  • the parts of the first PPDU and the second PPDU except the first preamble part are sent on different RUs.
  • the parts of the first PPDU and the second PPDU other than the first preamble part can be different, and the different meanings can be understood as the first PPDU and the second PPDU other than the first preamble part including the field/field content is different.
  • the interference of multiple APs sending PPDUs can be reduced.
  • different APs can be sent on different RUs, thereby avoiding the interference caused by multiple APs sending PPDUs on the same RU.
  • the parts of the first PPDU and the second PPDU except the first preamble part are sent on different RUs.
  • RU-level OFDMA transmission can be realized under the condition of low complexity and signaling overhead, which is more flexible and efficient. Channel resources for cooperative transmission.
  • the full bandwidth of the first channel is 40 MHz.
  • the bandwidth of the channel unit is 20 MHz, and the first channel includes two channel units, denoted as channel unit 1 and channel unit 2.
  • AP1 and AP2 are two different APs that cooperate to send PPDUs.
  • AP1 associates with STA1 and STA2;
  • AP1 associates with STA3 and STA4.
  • AP1 sends the first preamble part of the first PPDU on both channel unit 1 and channel unit 2, and sends the second preamble part and data part of the first PPDU to STA1 and STA2 on different RUs of channel unit 1 respectively.
  • the second preamble part and data part sent to STA1 may be different from the second preamble part and data part sent to STA2.
  • AP2 sends the first preamble part of the second PPDU on both channel unit 1 and channel unit 2, and sends the second preamble part and data part of the second PPDU to STA3 and STA4 on different RUs of channel unit 2 respectively.
  • the second preamble part and data part sent to STA3 may be different from the second preamble part and data part sent to STA4.
  • channel element 1 can carry data sent by AP1 to more STAs
  • channel element 2 can carry data sent by AP2 to more STAs.
  • the second preamble part and the data part of the first PPDU sent to STA1 and STA2 may not occupy the channel unit 1.
  • the second preamble part and the data part of the second PPDU sent to STA3 and STA4 may not occupy the channel unit 2.
  • multiple APs repeatedly send the same first preamble on each channel unit on the full bandwidth of the channel, and different APs send the second preamble and the second preamble on different RUs of the channel to their associated STAs.
  • the interference between multiple APs can be avoided, and OFDMA transmission can be coordinated with the granularity of RU, and the use efficiency of the channel can be improved.
  • the EHT-SIG-B in the first preamble includes RU allocation information.
  • the RU can be allocated to one STA, and the allocation information of the RU can include the user AID of the one STA; the RU can also be allocated to multiple STAs, and the allocation information of the RU can include the multicast AIDs corresponding to the multiple STAs; the RU can be allocated to For all STAs associated with a BSS, the allocation information of the RU may include the AID of the BSS.
  • the STA can determine which RU or RU group should receive the second preamble part and the data part through the EHT-SIG-B in the first preamble part. For example, the STA may obtain the BSS associated with itself in advance, determine the RU corresponding to the BSS associated with the STA according to the EHT-SIG-B in the first preamble, and receive the second preamble and data part on the determined RU. .
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides the second communication method of the wireless local area network.
  • This method can be combined with one of the communication methods of the above-mentioned wireless local area network, or can form a solution that needs to be protected in the present application separately.
  • the first AP sends a first PPDU to the first STA; the first STA receives the first PPDU from the first AP.
  • the first STA determines the received power according to the preamble field in the first PPDU.
  • the preamble field can be EHT-STF
  • the preamble field can also be EHT-LTF
  • the preamble field can also be a combination of EHT-STF and EHT-LTF.
  • the received power refers to the power at which the first STA receives the first PPDU of the first AP.
  • the first STA may determine the path loss between the first STA and the first AP according to the received power, and then determine the uplink transmission power according to the path loss.
  • S503 may be further included.
  • the first STA sends an uplink PPDU to the first AP.
  • the format of the uplink PPDU is not limited in this application.
  • the format of the downlink PPDU can be referred to.
  • the first STA may send the uplink PPDU according to the uplink transmission power determined by the foregoing method.
  • the first PPDU may include a trigger frame.
  • the trigger frame includes a first field.
  • the first field may be an AP transmit power (AP Tx power) field.
  • AP Tx power AP transmit power
  • the trigger frame may also include a second field.
  • the first field may be an uplink target (UL Target) received signal strength indication (RSSI) field.
  • the operations of the second AP and the associated second STA can refer to the operations of the first AP and the first STA.
  • the communication method in the multi-AP cooperation scenario is as follows.
  • the first AP sends a first PPDU to the first STA.
  • the first STA receives the first PPDU from the first AP.
  • the second AP sends the second PPDU to the second STA.
  • the second STA receives the second PPDU from the second AP.
  • the manner in which the first AP sends the first PPDU and the second AP sends the second PPDU may use the method described in one of the communication methods of the wireless local area network above.
  • the first STA determines the first received power according to the first PPDU.
  • the second STA determines the second received power according to the second PPDU.
  • the method for determining the received power by the first STA and the second STA may refer to the description of determining the received power in FIG. 5.
  • the first STA determines the first transmission power according to the first received power and the fields in the first PPDU.
  • the second STA determines the second transmission power according to the second received power and the fields in the second PPDU.
  • the first STA may send an uplink PPDU to the first AP according to the first transmission power.
  • the second STA can then send an uplink PPDU to the second AP according to the second transmission power.
  • the first PPDU may include a trigger frame
  • the second PPDU may also include a trigger frame.
  • the trigger frame may include the AP Tx Power field and the UL Target RSSI field.
  • the first STA may estimate the first received power according to the first preamble part (for example, the EHT-STF/EHT-LTF field) in the first PPDU; the first STA may estimate the first received power according to the first received power and the first PPDU
  • the AP Tx Power field is used to calculate the path loss between the first STA and the first AP; and the first uplink transmit power is determined according to the estimated path loss and the UL Target RSSI field in the first PPDU.
  • the second STA can estimate the second received power according to the first preamble part (such as the EHT-STF/EHT-LTF field) in the second PPDU; the second STA can estimate the second received power according to the second received power and the second PPDU.
  • the AP Tx Power field is used to calculate the path loss between the second STA and the second AP; and the second uplink transmission power is determined according to the estimated path loss and the UL Target RSSI field in the second PPDU.
  • the first STA and the second STA respectively send an uplink trigger-based PPDU (trigger-based PPDU) according to the trigger frame.
  • the first STA and the second STA respectively send the uplink PPDU after the SIF after receiving the trigger frame.
  • the power value indicated by the AP Tx Power field in the first PPDU and the AP Tx Power field in the second PPDU may be different.
  • the STA cannot estimate the path loss associated with the AP according to the fields in the first preamble part, and thus cannot determine the uplink transmission power.
  • the path loss between the STA and the associated AP can be determined, and the power for sending the uplink PPDU to the AP can be further determined.
  • FIG. 6 can be combined with the foregoing manner in which multiple APs send the preamble part and the data part.
  • each AP repeatedly sends the same first preamble part at the granularity of the channel unit in the full bandwidth of the channel, and sends the second preamble part and the data part on their respective RUs.
  • the first AP sends the second preamble part and the data part of the first PPDU on the first RU; the second AP sends the second preamble part and the data part of the second PPDU on the second RU.
  • the trigger frame in the first PPDU may only include the allocation information of the first RU, that is, user information (user info) of the first RU, indicating which users the first RU can be used for.
  • the trigger frame in the second PPDU may only contain the allocation information of the second RU, that is, the user information of the second RU, which is used to indicate which users the second RU can be used for.
  • the user mentioned here is the station (STA).
  • the function of the Trigger frame included in the downlink PPDU in the embodiment of the present application can also be replaced by carrying a trigger response scheduling (TRS) control field in the MAC frame header.
  • TRS trigger response scheduling
  • the STA detects the downlink PPDU.
  • the first preamble part of each downlink PPDU is the same and the occupied channel is the same.
  • the second preamble part and the data part occupy different RUs for transmission, and then the STA acts as a receiver.
  • the end needs to correctly receive the downlink data sent by the AP associated with it.
  • the STA may determine which RU to receive the second preamble part and the data part through the RHT-SIG-B field in the first preamble part.
  • Different APs can be assigned different association identifiers (AID).
  • the identification of the first AP is the first AID
  • the identification of the second AP is the second AID.
  • the first preamble part of the downlink PPDU sent by the first AP and the second AP both carries the information that the first AID is associated with the first RU and the information that the second AID is associated with the second RU.
  • the first STA After receiving the second PPDU sent by the second AP, the second STA may determine, according to the information in the second PPDU, that it needs to receive the second preamble part and the data part of the second PPDU on the second RU.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides the third communication method of the wireless local area network.
  • This method can be combined with one of the communication methods of the above-mentioned wireless local area network, or can be combined with the second communication method of the above-mentioned wireless local area network, or Separately form the solution that this application needs to protect.
  • the coordinator AP can be used to coordinate the cooperation among multiple coordinated APs.
  • the main coordination AP may be one of multiple APs in a multi-AP cooperation scenario, or may be an AP other than multiple APs.
  • two APs are still taken as an example, including the first AP and the second AP.
  • the specific method is as follows.
  • the master coordinating AP sends a trigger frame (slave trigger frame) to the first AP and the second AP, which may be recorded as the first trigger frame. Both the first AP and the second AP receive the first trigger frame from the main coordinating AP.
  • the first trigger frame can be sent on the full bandwidth of the first channel.
  • the first trigger frame includes any one of the following fields or a combination of multiple fields: the length of the downlink PPDU, the length of the uplink PPDU, the information of the preamble part of the downlink PPDU, or the information of the second trigger frame.
  • a trigger frame may be included in the downlink PPDU, which is denoted as the second trigger frame.
  • the second trigger frame is used to trigger the first STA or the second STA to send an uplink PPDU after receiving a downlink PPDU in a short inter-frame space (SIFS).
  • SIFS short inter-frame space
  • the downlink PPDU is the PPDU sent by the first AP to the first STA or the PPDU sent by the second AP to the second STA;
  • the uplink PPDU is the PPDU sent by the first STA to the first AP or the second STA sent to the second AP PPDU;
  • the first STA is any STA associated with the first AP, and the second STA is any STA associated with the second AP.
  • the information of the preamble part of the downlink PPDU included in the first trigger frame may include one or more of the following fields: the number of L-SIG, EHT-SIG-A, EHT-SIG-B, or EHT-LTF.
  • the first AP generates the first preamble of the first PPDU according to the information of the preamble of the downlink PPDU included in the first trigger frame.
  • the second AP generates the first preamble of the second PPDU according to the information of the preamble of the downlink PPDU included in the first trigger frame.
  • S701 ⁇ S705 are the same as S601 ⁇ S604. For repetitions, see the description above.
  • the first AP determines the length of the first PPDU according to the first trigger frame sent by the master coordinating AP; the second AP determines the length of the second PPDU according to the first trigger frame sent by the master coordinating AP .
  • the first PPDU sent by the first AP to the first STA may include a trigger frame, which is recorded as the second trigger frame.
  • the first AP also determines the length of the first uplink PPDU according to the first trigger frame sent by the master coordinating AP, and the first AP may indicate the length of the first uplink PPDU in the second trigger frame.
  • the first STA may determine the length of the first uplink PPDU according to the second trigger frame, and the first STA generates and sends the first uplink PPDU to the first AP according to the length of the first uplink PPDU.
  • the second PPDU sent by the second AP to the second STA may include a trigger frame, or may be recorded as a second trigger frame.
  • the second AP also determines the length of the second uplink PPDU according to the first trigger frame sent by the master coordinating AP, and the second AP may indicate the length of the second uplink PPDU in the second trigger frame.
  • the second STA may determine the length of the second uplink PPDU according to the second trigger frame, and the second STA generates and sends the second uplink PPDU to the second AP according to the length of the second uplink PPDU.
  • the first preamble part in the downlink PPDU sent by the first AP and the second AP is the same, and the first preamble part needs to indicate the association relationship between each AP and the RU.
  • multiple cooperating APs can obtain the association relationship between each AP and RU through the first trigger frame sent by the master coordinating AP.
  • the identification of the first AP is the first AID
  • the identification of the second AP is the second AID.
  • the master coordinating AP indicates in the first trigger frame that the first AID is associated with the first RU and the second AID is associated with the second RU.
  • the first AP and the second AP both carry the first AID associated with the first RU and the second AID associated with the second AID in the first preamble part of the downlink PPDU sent by the first AP and the second AP according to the first trigger frame.
  • RU information
  • the AID is globally unique, that is, the AID can distinguish multiple APs that cooperate.
  • the association relationship between the AP and the RU may also be replaced with the association relationship between the BSS and the RU.
  • the AP sends the second preamble part and data part of the downlink PPDU on its associated RU; the STA receives the second preamble part and data part of the downlink PPDU on its associated RU.
  • the main coordinating AP is used to coordinate AP1 and AP2 to coordinate the transmission of PPDUs.
  • the master coordinating AP sends the first trigger frame to AP1 and AP2 respectively.
  • the master coordinating AP can send the first trigger frame on a bandwidth of 40 MHz.
  • the first trigger frame includes part or all of the preamble information of the first PPDU and the second PPDU.
  • AP1 determines the first preamble part of the first PPDU according to the first trigger frame, and AP2 determines the first preamble part of the second PPDU according to the first trigger frame.
  • AP1 may also determine the length of the first PPDU and the information of the second trigger frame included in the data part according to the first trigger frame.
  • AP2 may also determine the length of the second PPDU according to the first trigger frame and the information of the second trigger frame included in the data part.
  • each STA adopts a joint transmission method, and the first preamble part of the uplink PPDU is sent on both channel unit 1 and channel unit 2.
  • the second preamble part and the data part of the uplink PPDU are respectively sent on the RU.
  • the data part sent by each STA includes the uplink data sent by the STA to the AP.
  • AP1 and AP2 continue to send downlink PPDUs, and each STA continues to send uplink PPDUs.
  • the sending method is the same as above, so I won't repeat it.
  • AP1 and AP2 may return a block ACK (block ACK) BA frame.
  • the BA frame is carried in the data part of the downlink PPDU.
  • the downlink PPDU initially sent by AP1 and AP2 may not include downlink data, and only the first trigger frame is carried in the data part.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a fourth communication method of a wireless local area network, which is specifically described as follows.
  • the first STA sends a first uplink frame to the first AP, and the first AP receives the first uplink frame from the first STA.
  • the first AP returns a first acknowledgement (acknowledge, ACK) frame to the first STA.
  • acknowledgement acknowledgement
  • the scrambling code seed of the first ACK frame is the same as the scrambling code seed of the first uplink frame.
  • any AP may correctly receive the uplink frame sent by the STA.
  • the first AP and the second AP receive the first uplink frame sent by the first STA
  • the first AP and the second AP return an ACK frame after SIFS after receiving the first uplink frame.
  • the scrambling code seeds of the two ACK frames are the same as the scrambling code seeds of the first uplink frame, which can avoid the interference of the PPDUs of the two ACK frames caused by the different scrambling codes used, and ensure that the STA can correctly receive the ACK frame.
  • the first uplink frame includes a BSS identification (ID), and the BSS ID is used to identify the first AP and the second AP, that is, the common ID of the first AP and the second AP.
  • ID BSS identification
  • S900 is also included.
  • the first AP sends a first beacon frame to the first STA.
  • the first beacon frame includes the BSS information of the first AP, and the BSS information of the first AP is the same as the BSS information of the second AP.
  • the first AP sends a request frame to one or more second APs, where the request frame is used to request the establishment of a multi-AP cooperative group.
  • the second AP may be an AP adjacent to the first AP.
  • the second AP decides whether to agree to join the multi-AP cooperation group according to its own ability or willingness.
  • the second AP returns a response frame to the first AP.
  • the response frame may include any one or more of information indicating whether the second AP agrees to join the multi-AP cooperation group, the capability information of the second AP, or the information of neighbor APs that the second AP can listen to.
  • the first AP determines whether the second AP agrees to join the multi-AP cooperative group according to the response frame returned by the second AP. If the first AP determines that the second AP agrees to join the multi-AP cooperation group, the first AP sends one or more of the following information to the second AP: the main coordination (Coordinator) AP corresponding to the multi-AP cooperation group, the Information such as the corresponding BSS identification (ID) and BSS color (color) of the multi-AP cooperative group.
  • the main coordination (Coordinator) AP corresponding to the multi-AP cooperation group
  • the Information such as the corresponding BSS identification (ID) and BSS color (color) of the multi-AP cooperative group.
  • the BSS in the multi-AP cooperative group includes the BSS of all APs in the entire multi-AP cooperative group.
  • the BSS in the multi-AP cooperative group may be called a virtual (virtual) BSS.
  • the BSSID of the virtual BSS is the BSSID of the coordinator AP.
  • the BSS color corresponding to the multi-AP cooperation group is the BSS color of the Coordinator AP.
  • the BSSs in the multi-AP cooperative group share an AID space.
  • the STA can be associated with a virtual BSS and a member BSS in the multi-AP cooperation group, and maintain two sets of secret keys; in this case, the member BSS associated with the STA is the uplink multi-user of the STA (multiple users, MU) The corresponding receiving AP during transmission.
  • Anchor AP refers to the receiving AP corresponding to the STA during uplink MU transmission.
  • the optional anchor AP of the STA may send a trigger frame to the STA, and the user information of the STA is carried in the trigger frame. If the STA receives its user information in the trigger frame received from an AP, the STA determines that the AP is its anchor AP.
  • the following describes how the STA obtains the virtual BSS information, or how the AP in the multi-AP cooperation group notifies the STA of the virtual BSS information.
  • each AP sends a beacon (beacon) frame, and the beacon frame carries an element for indicating virtual BSS information.
  • multiple BSSID information elements or neighbor report elements may be used in the beacon frame to indicate virtual BSS information.
  • the coordinator AP also serves as a common AP in the multi-AP cooperation group, the coordinator AP will also send a beacon frame.
  • the coordinator AP sends a trigger frame (slave trigger) to the member APs in the multi-AP cooperation group.
  • the sequence number (SN) carried in the slave trigger frame is used to indicate on which frame the member APs jointly send virtual BSS information.
  • the member AP sends a beacon frame including Virtual BSS information after receiving the SIFS after the slave trigger frame.
  • the coordinator AP also serves as a common AP in the multi-AP cooperation group, the coordinator AP will also send a beacon frame including Virtual BSS information after SIFS.
  • the methods provided in the embodiments of the present application are respectively introduced from the perspective of AP, STA, and interaction between STA and AP.
  • the STA and AP may include hardware structures and/or software modules, and implement the above functions in the form of hardware structures, software modules, or hardware structures plus software modules. Whether a certain function among the above-mentioned functions is executed by a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module depends on the specific application and design constraint conditions of the technical solution.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device 1200.
  • the communication device 1200 may be a STA or an AP, or a device in a STA or an AP, or can communicate with a STA or an AP.
  • AP matches the device used.
  • the communication device 1200 may include modules that perform one-to-one correspondence of the methods/operations/steps/actions performed by the STA or AP in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the modules may be hardware circuits, software, or The hardware circuit is implemented in combination with software.
  • the communication device may include a processing module 1201 and a communication module 1202.
  • the processing module 1201 is used to call the communication module 1202 to perform receiving and/or sending functions.
  • the communication module 1202 is configured to receive the first physical layer protocol data unit PPDU from the first access point AP; the processing module 1201 is configured to determine the received power according to the preamble field in the first PPDU; wherein, the preamble field It includes one or more of the following fields: the extremely high throughput short training field EHT-STF or the extremely high throughput long training field EHT-LTF.
  • the processing module 1201 and the communication module 1202 may also be used to perform other corresponding steps or operations performed by the STA in the foregoing method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • the processing module 1201 is configured to call the communication module 1202 to send a first trigger frame to both the first AP and the second AP on the first channel, and the first trigger frame is used to trigger the first AP and the second AP
  • the downlink PPDU is sent after receiving the short frame interval SIFS after the first trigger frame;
  • the first trigger frame includes one or more of the following: the length of the downlink PPDU, the length of the uplink PPDU, the preamble part of the downlink PPDU Information, or information of the second trigger frame; wherein the downlink PPDU is the PPDU sent by the first AP to the first STA or the PPDU sent by the second AP to the second STA, and the uplink PPDU is the The PPDU sent by the first STA to the first AP or the PPDU sent by the second STA to the second AP; the downlink PPDU includes the second trigger frame, and the second trigger frame is used to trigger all The first STA or the second STA sends the uplink
  • the processing module 1201 and the communication module 1202 may also be used to perform other corresponding steps or operations performed by the main coordination AP in the foregoing method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • the communication module 1202 may also include a receiving module 1202-1 and a sending module 1202-2;
  • the receiving module 1202-1 is configured to receive the first uplink frame from the first STA; the transmitting module 1202-2 is configured to return a first confirmation ACK frame to the first STA, the scrambling code seed of the first ACK frame It is the same as the scrambling code seed of the first uplink frame.
  • the processing module 1201, the communication module 1202, or the receiving module 1202-1, or the sending module 1202-2 may also be used to execute other corresponding steps or operations performed by the first AP of the foregoing method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • the division of modules in the embodiments of this application is illustrative, and it is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • the functional modules in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one process. In the device, it can also exist alone physically, or two or more modules can be integrated into one module.
  • the above-mentioned integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional modules.
  • a communication device 1300 provided by an embodiment of this application is used to implement the function of the STA or AP in the foregoing method.
  • the communication device may be an STA, or a device in the STA, or a device that can be matched and used with the STA.
  • the device can be an AP, or a device in the AP, or a device that can be matched and used with the AP.
  • the communication device may be a chip system.
  • the chip system may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the communication device 1300 includes at least one processor 1320, configured to implement the function of the STA or AP in the method provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 1300 may further include a communication interface 1310.
  • the communication interface 1310 may be a transceiver, circuit, bus, module, or other type of communication interface for communicating with other devices through a transmission medium.
  • the communication interface 1310 is used for the device in the device 1300 to communicate with other devices.
  • the communication apparatus 1300 is an STA
  • the other device may be an AP.
  • the other device may be an STA.
  • the processor 1320 uses the communication interface 1310 to send and receive data, and is used to implement the method described in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the processor 1320 when the STA function is implemented, the processor 1320 is configured to use the communication interface 1310 to receive the first physical layer protocol data unit PPDU from the first access point AP; the processor 1320 is further configured to The preamble field in the PPDU determines the received power; the preamble field includes one or more of the following fields: the extremely high throughput short training field EHT-STF or the extremely high throughput long training field EHT-LTF.
  • the AP is the primary coordinating AP
  • the processor 1320 is configured to use the communication interface 1310 to send a first trigger frame to both the first AP and the second AP on the first channel.
  • the first trigger frame includes one or more of the following: the length of the downlink PPDU , The length of the uplink PPDU, the information of the preamble part of the downlink PPDU, or the information of the second trigger frame; wherein, the downlink PPDU is the PPDU sent by the first AP to the first STA or the second AP sent to the second STA
  • the PPDU sent by the STA, the uplink PPDU is the PPDU sent by the first STA to the first AP or the PPDU sent by the second STA to the second AP;
  • the downlink PPDU includes the second trigger Frame, the second trigger frame is used to trigger the
  • the AP is the first AP
  • the processor 1320 is configured to receive the first uplink frame from the first STA by using the communication interface 1310, and return a first confirmation ACK frame to the first STA, so
  • the scrambling code seed of the first ACK frame is the same as the scrambling code seed of the first uplink frame.
  • the processor 1320 and the communication interface 1310 may also be used to perform other corresponding steps or operations performed by the STA or AP in the foregoing method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • the communication device 1300 may further include at least one memory 1330 for storing program instructions and/or data.
  • the memory 1330 and the processor 1320 are coupled.
  • the coupling in the embodiments of the present application is an indirect coupling or communication connection between devices, units or modules, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms, and is used for information exchange between devices, units or modules.
  • the processor 1320 may operate in cooperation with the memory 1330.
  • the processor 1320 may execute program instructions stored in the memory 1330. At least one of the at least one memory may be included in the processor.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific connection medium between the communication interface 1310, the processor 1320, and the memory 1330.
  • the memory 1330, the processor 1320, and the communication interface 1310 are connected by a bus 1340.
  • the bus is represented by a thick line in FIG. 13, and the connection mode between other components is only for schematic illustration. , Is not limited.
  • the bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and so on. For ease of presentation, only one thick line is used in FIG. 13, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
  • the processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component, which may implement or Perform the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor or the like. The steps of the method disclosed in combination with the embodiments of the present application may be directly embodied as being executed and completed by a hardware processor, or executed and completed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.
  • the memory 1330 may be a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD), etc., or a volatile memory (volatile memory), For example, random-access memory (RAM).
  • the memory is any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program codes in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited to this.
  • the memory in the embodiments of the present application may also be a circuit or any other device capable of realizing a storage function for storing program instructions and/or data.
  • Some or all of the operations and functions performed by the STA described in the foregoing method embodiments of the present application, or some or all of the operations and functions performed by the AP may be completed by a chip or an integrated circuit.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a chip, including a processor, for supporting the communication device to implement the functions related to the STA or AP in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the chip is connected to a memory or the chip includes a memory, and the memory is used to store the necessary program instructions and data of the communication device.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium that stores a computer program, and the computer program includes instructions for executing the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product containing instructions, which when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute the foregoing method embodiments.
  • this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, this application may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program codes.
  • computer-usable storage media including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.
  • These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can guide a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including the instruction device.
  • the device implements the functions specified in one process or multiple processes in the flowchart and/or one block or multiple blocks in the block diagram.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded on a computer or other programmable data processing equipment, so that a series of operation steps are executed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce computer-implemented processing, so as to execute on the computer or other programmable equipment.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one process or multiple processes in the flowchart and/or one block or multiple blocks in the block diagram.

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Abstract

一种无线局域网的通信方法及装置，用以提高无线局域网的通信质量。该方法为：第一站点STA接收来自第一接入点AP的第一物理层协议数据单元PPDU；所述第一PPDU中包括第一前导部分、第二前导部分和数据部分。第二PPDU是第二AP向第二STA发送的，第二PPDU的格式与第一PPDU的格式相同。第一PPDU中的第一前导部分和第二PPDU的第一前导部分相同，但是第一PPDU和第二PPDU的第二前导部分是不同的。所述第一STA根据所述第一PPDU中的前导字段确定接收功率；其中，所述前导字段包括以下一个或多个字段：极度高吞吐量短训字段EHT-STF或极度高吞吐量长训字段EHT-LTF。

Description

一种无线局域网的通信方法及装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2020年01月21日提交中国专利局、申请号为202010072606.1、申请名称为“一种无线局域网的通信方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种无线局域网的通信方法及装置。
背景技术
随着移动互联网的发展和智能终端的普及，数据流量快速增长。无线局域网(wireless local area network，WLAN)凭借高速率和低成本方面的优势，成为主流的移动宽带接入技术之一。
如何提高WLAN通信质量是值得关注的问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种无线局域网的通信方法及装置，以期提高WLAN通信质量。
本申请实施例提供的具体技术方案如下：
第一方面，提供一种无线局域网WLAN的通信方法，该方法包括以下步骤：第一站点STA接收来自第一接入点AP的第一物理层协议数据单元PPDU，所述第一STA根据所述第一PPDU中的前导字段确定接收功率；其中，所述前导字段包括以下一个或多个字段：极度高吞吐量短训字段EHT-STF或极度高吞吐量长训字段EHT-LTF。通过EHT-STF/EHT-LTF字段来确定接收功率，能够适用于更多的通信场景中。比如在多AP协作场景中，多个AP发送的第一前导部分是相同的，第一STA无法根据第一前导部分中的字段来估算与关联AP的路损。多个AP分别在不同的RU上发送不同的第二前导部分，第二前导部分中包括EHT-STF/EHT-LTF字段，这样第一STA根据下行PPDU中EHT-STF/EHT-LTF字段确定接收功率，可以确定第一STA到关联的第一AP之间的路损，进一步确定向第一AP发送上行PPDU的功率。
在一个可能的设计中，在第一STA确定出接收功率之后，所述第一STA还可以根据所述接收功率确定所述第一STA与所述第一AP之间的路损；所述第一STA根据所述路损确定所述上行发送功率。
在一个可能的设计中，所述第一STA根据所述接收功率确定所述第一STA与所述第一AP之间的路损，可以通过第一PPDU中的第一字段来实现，具体地，所述第一STA根据所述接收功率和所述第一PPDU中的第一字段，确定所述第一STA与所述第一AP之间的路损；其中，所述第一字段包括AP发送功率(AP Tx Power)字段。
在一个可能的设计中，所述第一STA根据所述路损确定所述上行发送功率，可以通过第一PPDU中的第二字段来实现，具体地，所述第一STA根据所述路损和所述第 一PPDU中的第二字段，确定所述上行发送功率；其中，所述第二字段包括上行目标接收信号强度指示RSSI(UL Target RSSI)字段。
在一个可能的设计中，所述第一STA接收来自第一接入点AP的第一PPDU，第一PPDU的接收方式可能有以下方式：所述第一STA在第一信道的每个信道单元上接收所述第一PPDU的第一前导部分，即在第一信道的每个信道单元上接收的第一前导部分是相同的，假设第一信道包括N个信道单元，相当于第一STA接收N个重复发送的第一前导部分，接收到的第一前导部分在第一信道上是N个第一前导部分叠加在一起的信号。第一STA在所述第一信道的第一资源单元RU上接收所述第一PPDU的第二前导部分和第一数据部分；其中，所述第二前导部分包括所述前导字段。
可选的，所述第一STA根据所述第一前导部分中的第三字段，确定第一RU的位置，即确定在所述第一RU上接收所述第一PPDU的第二前导部分和第一数据部分；其中，所述第三字段包括所述第一AP的关联标识符AID字段。第一AP的AID是用于标识第一AP的，用于区分不同的AP。在多个AP协作场景下，多个AP发送第一前导部分是相同的，这样第一STA就可以根据检测的任意一个PPDU中的第一前导部分，确定需要到哪一个RU上去接收需要的数据，即到第一AP关联的第一RU上去接收需要的数据。
在一个可能的设计中，所述第一前导部分包括以下一种或多种字段：传统短训字段L-STF、传统长训字段L-LTF、传统信令L-SIG、重复的传统信令RL-SIG、极度高吞吐量EHT信令A、或EHT信令B。
在一个可能的设计中，所述第一STA接收来自所述第一AP的第一信标帧，所述第一信标帧包括所述第一AP的基本服务集BSS信息，BSS信息包括BSS颜色，所述第一AP的BSS信息与第二AP的BSS信息相同；所述第一STA根据所述第一AP的BSS信息，确定是否需要接收下行PPDU。当多个AP协作的场景下，多个AP的BSS信息相同，第一STA根据接收到的BSS信息，确定需要接收所述第一PPDU。
在一个可能的设计中，所述第一STA根据所述第一PPDU中的触发帧，进行频率同步校准。
第二方面，提供一种无线局域网的通信方法，该方法通过以下步骤实现：主协调接入点AP在第一信道上向第一AP和第二AP均发送第一触发帧，所述第一触发帧用于触发所述第一AP和所述第二AP在接收到所述第一触发帧后的短帧间隔SIFS后发送下行PPDU；所述第一触发帧包括以下一项或多项：下行PPDU的长度、上行PPDU的长度、下行PPDU的前导部分的信息、或第二触发帧的信息；其中，所述下行PPDU是所述第一AP向第一STA发送的PPDU或者所述第二AP向第二STA发送的PPDU，所述上行PPDU是所述第一STA向所述第一AP发送的PPDU或所述第二STA向所述第二AP发送的PPDU；所述下行PPDU包括所述第二触发帧，所述第二触发帧用于触发所述第一STA或所述第二STA在下行PPDU结束后的SIFS后发送上行PPDU。通过主协调AP发送的第一触发帧，第一AP和第二AP能够根据第一触发帧确定下行PPDU的内容及长度，以实现多AP之间的协作。例如，当第一AP和第二AP发送相同的第一前导部分时，通过主协调AP发送的第一触发帧，第一AP和第二AP能够根据第一触发帧确定第一前导部分的内容。
在一个可能的设计中，所述下行PPDU的前导部分的信息包括以下一种或多种字 段：传统信令L-SIG、极度高吞吐量EHT信令A、EHT信令B或极度高吞吐量长训字段EHT-LTF的个数。
第三方面，提供一种无线局域网的通信方法，该方法包括以下步骤：第一接入点AP接收来自第一STA的第一上行帧；所述第一AP向所述第一STA返回第一确认ACK帧，所述第一ACK帧的扰码种子与所述第一上行帧的扰码种子相同。在多AP协作场景下，任意AP都有可能正确接收到STA发送的上行帧。假设第一AP和第二AP均接收到第一STA发送的第一上行帧，第一AP和第二AP在接收到第一上行帧后，在SIFS后返回ACK帧。两个ACK帧的扰码种子均与第一上行帧的扰码种子相同，能够避免采用的扰码不同导致两个ACK帧的PPDU产生干扰，保证STA能正确接收ACK帧。
在一个可能的设计中，所述第一上行帧包括基本服务集BSS标识，所述BSS标识用于标识所述第一AP且用于标识第二AP。
在一个可能的设计中，在所述第一AP接收来自第一STA的第一上行帧之前，所述第一AP向第一STA发送第一信标帧，所述第一信标帧包括所述第一AP的基本服务集BSS信息所述第一AP的BSS信息与第二AP的BSS信息相同。
第四方面，提供一种通信装置，该通信装置可以是站点STA，可以记为第一STA，也可以是STA中的装置(例如，芯片，或者芯片系统，或者电路)，或者是能够和STA匹配使用的装置。一种设计中，该通信装置可以包括执行第一方面中所描述的方法/操作/步骤/动作所一一对应的模块，该模块可以是硬件电路，也可是软件，也可以是硬件电路结合软件实现。一种设计中，该通信装置可以包括处理模块和通信模块。处理模块用于调用通信模块执行接收和/或发送的功能。示例性地：
通信模块，用于接收来自第一接入点AP的第一物理层协议数据单元PPDU；处理模块，用于根据所述第一PPDU中的前导字段确定接收功率；其中，所述前导字段包括以下一个或多个字段：极度高吞吐量短训字段EHT-STF或极度高吞吐量长训字段EHT-LTF。有益效果可以参照第一方面对应的效果，在此不再赘述。
在一个可能的设计中，在所述处理模块确定出接收功率之后，所述处理模块还用于：根据所述接收功率确定所述第一STA与所述第一AP之间的路损；根据所述路损确定所述上行发送功率。
在一个可能的设计中，所述处理模块在根据所述接收功率确定所述第一STA与所述第一AP之间的路损时，可以通过第一PPDU中的第一字段来实现，具体地，所述处理模块具体用于，根据所述接收功率和所述第一PPDU中的第一字段，确定所述第一STA与所述第一AP之间的路损；其中，所述第一字段包括AP发送功率(AP Tx Power)字段。
在一个可能的设计中，在根据所述路损确定所述上行发送功率时，所述处理模块可以通过第一PPDU中的第二字段来实现，具体地，所述处理模块根据所述路损和所述第一PPDU中的第二字段，确定所述上行发送功率；其中，所述第二字段包括上行目标接收信号强度指示RSSI(UL Target RSSI)字段。
在一个可能的设计中，所述通信模块在接收来自第一接入点AP的第一PPDU时，具体的接收方式可能有以下方式：所述通信模块在第一信道的每个信道单元上接收所述第一PPDU的第一前导部分，即在第一信道的每个信道单元上接收的第一前导部分是相同的，假设第一信道包括N个信道单元，相当于所述通信模块接收N个重复发送 的第一前导部分，接收到的第一前导部分在第一信道上是N个第一前导部分叠加在一起的信号。所述通信模块在所述第一信道的第一资源单元RU上接收所述第一PPDU的第二前导部分和第一数据部分；其中，所述第二前导部分包括所述前导字段。
可选的，所述处理模块还用于根据所述第一前导部分中的第三字段，确定第一RU的位置，即确定在所述第一RU上接收所述第一PPDU的第二前导部分和第一数据部分；其中，所述第三字段包括所述第一AP的关联标识符AID字段。第一AP的AID是用于标识第一AP的，用于区分不同的AP。在多个AP协作场景下，多个AP发送第一前导部分是相同的，这样第一STA就可以根据检测的任意一个PPDU中的第一前导部分，确定需要到哪一个RU上去接收需要的数据，即到第一AP关联的第一RU上去接收需要的数据。
在一个可能的设计中，所述第一前导部分包括以下一种或多种字段：传统短训字段L-STF、传统长训字段L-LTF、传统信令L-SIG、重复的传统信令RL-SIG、极度高吞吐量EHT信令A、或EHT信令B。
在一个可能的设计中，所述通信模块还用于：接收来自所述第一AP的第一信标帧，所述第一信标帧包括所述第一AP的基本服务集BSS信息，BSS信息包括BSS颜色，所述第一AP的BSS信息与第二AP的BSS信息相同；所述第一STA根据所述第一AP的BSS信息，确定是否需要接收下行PPDU。当多个AP协作的场景下，多个AP的BSS信息相同，第一STA根据接收到的BSS信息，确定需要接收所述第一PPDU。
在一个可能的设计中，所述处理模块还用于，根据所述第一PPDU中的触发帧，进行频率同步校准。
第四方面，提供一种通信装置，该通信装置可以是AP，例如多个AP协作中的主协调AP，也可以是AP中的装置(例如，芯片，或者芯片系统，或者电路)，或者是能够和AP匹配使用的装置。一种设计中，该通信装置可以包括执行第二方面中所描述的方法/操作/步骤/动作所一一对应的模块，该模块可以是硬件电路，也可是软件，也可以是硬件电路结合软件实现。一种设计中，该装置可以包括处理模块和通信模块。处理模块用于调用通信模块执行接收和/或发送的功能。示例性地：
处理模块用于调用通信模块，在第一信道上向第一AP和第二AP均发送第一触发帧，所述第一触发帧用于触发所述第一AP和所述第二AP在接收到所述第一触发帧后的短帧间隔SIFS后发送下行PPDU；所述第一触发帧包括以下一项或多项：下行PPDU的长度、上行PPDU的长度、下行PPDU的前导部分的信息、或第二触发帧的信息；其中，所述下行PPDU是所述第一AP向第一STA发送的PPDU或者所述第二AP向第二STA发送的PPDU，所述上行PPDU是所述第一STA向所述第一AP发送的PPDU或所述第二STA向所述第二AP发送的PPDU；所述下行PPDU包括所述第二触发帧，所述第二触发帧用于触发所述第一STA或所述第二STA在下行PPDU结束后的SIFS后发送上行PPDU。有益效果可以参照第二方面相应的效果，在此不再赘述。
在一个可能的设计中，所述下行PPDU的前导部分的信息包括以下一种或多种字段：传统信令L-SIG、极度高吞吐量EHT信令A、EHT信令B或极度高吞吐量长训字段EHT-LTF的个数。
第六方面，提供一种通信装置，该通信装置可以是AP，可以记为第一AP，也可以是AP中的装置(例如，芯片，或者芯片系统，或者电路)，或者是能够和AP匹配使用的装 置。一种设计中，该通信装置可以包括执行第一方面中所描述的方法/操作/步骤/动作所一一对应的模块，该模块可以是硬件电路，也可是软件，也可以是硬件电路结合软件实现。一种设计中，该通信装置可以包括处理模块和通信模块。处理模块用于调用通信模块执行接收和/或发送的功能。示例性地：通信模块还可以包括接收模块和发送模块。
接收模块，用于接收来自第一STA的第一上行帧；发送模块，用于向所述第一STA返回第一确认ACK帧，所述第一ACK帧的扰码种子与所述第一上行帧的扰码种子相同。在多AP协作场景下，任意AP都有可能正确接收到STA发送的上行帧。假设第一AP和第二AP均接收到第一STA发送的第一上行帧，第一AP和第二AP在接收到第一上行帧后，在SIFS后返回ACK帧。两个ACK帧的扰码种子均与第一上行帧的扰码种子相同，能够避免采用的扰码不同导致两个ACK帧的PPDU产生干扰，保证STA能正确接收ACK帧。
在一个可能的设计中，所述第一上行帧包括基本服务集BSS标识，所述BSS标识用于标识所述第一AP且用于标识第二AP。
在一个可能的设计中，在所述接收模块接收来自第一STA的第一上行帧之前，所述发送模块，还用于向第一STA发送第一信标帧，所述第一信标帧包括所述第一AP的基本服务集BSS信息所述第一AP的BSS信息与第二AP的BSS信息相同。
第七方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，所述通信装置包括通信接口和处理器，所述通信接口用于该装置与其它设备进行通信，例如数据或信号的收发。示例性的，通信接口可以是收发器、电路、总线、模块或其它类型的通信接口，其它设备可以为AP。处理器用于调用一组程序、指令或数据，执行上述第一方面描述的方法。所述装置还可以包括存储器，用于存储处理器调用的程序、指令或数据。所述存储器与所述处理器耦合，所述处理器执行所述存储器中存储的、指令或数据时，可以实现上述第一方面描述的方法。
第八方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，所述通信装置包括通信接口和处理器，所述通信接口用于该通信装置与其它设备进行通信，例如数据或信号的收发。示例性的，通信接口可以是收发器、电路、总线、模块或其它类型的通信接口，其它设备可以为站点STA。处理器用于调用一组程序、指令或数据，执行上述第二方面或第三方面描述的方法。所述通信装置还可以包括存储器，用于存储处理器调用的程序、指令或数据。所述存储器与所述处理器耦合，所述处理器执行所述存储器中存储的、指令或数据时，可以实现上述第二方面或第三方面描述的方法。
第九方面，本申请实施例中还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机可读指令，当所述计算机可读指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如第一方面或第一方面中任一种可能的设计中所述的方法。
第十方面，本申请实施例中还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，包括指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如第二方面或第二方面中任一种可能的设计中所述的方法。
第十一方面，本申请实施例中还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，包括指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如第三方面或第三方面中任一种可能的设计中所述的方法。
第十二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理器，还可以包括存储器，用于实现上述第一方面或第一方面中任一种可能的设计中所述的方法。该芯片系统可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
第十三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理器，还可以包 括存储器，用于实现上述第二方面或第二方面中任一种可能的设计中所述的方法。该芯片系统可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
第十四方面，本申请实施例提供了一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理器，还可以包括存储器，用于实现上述第三方面或第三方面中任一种可能的设计中所述的方法。该芯片系统可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
第十五方面，提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述各方面和各方面的任一可能的设计中所述的方法。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例中WLAN系统架构示意图之一；
图2为本申请实施例中WLAN系统架构示意图之二；
图3为本申请实施例中下行PPDU的帧结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例中下行PPDU的发送过程示意图之一；
图5为本申请实施例中无线局域网的通信方法之二流程示意图；
图6为本申请实施例中多AP协作场景下的通信方法流程示意图；
图7为本申请实施例中无线局域网的通信方法之三流程示意图；
图8为本申请实施例中下行PPDU的发送过程示意图之二；
图9为本申请实施例中无线局域网的通信方法之四流程示意图；
图10为本申请实施例中多AP发送信标帧的方式一示意图；
图11为本申请实施例中多AP发送信标帧的方式二示意图；
图12为本申请实施例中一种通信装置结构示意图；
图13为本申请实施例中另一种通信装置结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请实施例提供一种无线局域网的通信方法及装置，以期多个接入点(access point，AP)使用OFDMA技术传输时小区间的干扰。其中，方法和装置是基于相同或相似技术构思的，由于方法及装置解决问题的原理相似，因此装置与方法的实施可以相互参见，重复之处不再赘述。本申请实施例的描述中，“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。本申请中所涉及的至少一个是指一个或多个；多个，是指两个或两个以上。另外，需要理解的是，在本申请的描述中，“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等词汇，仅用于区分描述的目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性，也不能理解为指示或暗示顺序。在本说明书中描述的参考“一个实施例”或“一些实施例”等意味着在本申请的一个或多个实施例中包括结合该实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特点。由此，在本说明书中的不同之处出现的语句“在一个实施例中”、“在一些实施例中”、“在其他一些实施例中”、“在另外一些实施例中”等不是必然都参考相同的实施例，而是意味着“一个或多个但不是所有的实施例”，除非是以其他方式另外特别强调。术语“包括”、“包含”、“具有”及它们的变形都意味着“包括但不限于”，除非是以其他方式另外特别强调。
本申请实施例提供的无线局域网的通信方法可以应用于第四代(4th generation，4G)通信系统，例如长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)，也可以应用于第五代(5th generation，5G)通信系统，例如5G新空口(new radio，NR)，或应用于未来的各种通信系统。
本申请实施例提供的无线局域网的通信方法还可以适用于无线局域网(wireless local area network，WLAN)系统，可以适用于IEEE 802.11系统标准，例如IEEE802.11ax标准，或其下一代或更下一代的标准中，也可适用于包括但不限于物联网(internet of things，IoT)网络或车联网(Vehicle to X，V2X)网络等无线局域网系统中。
下面将结合附图，对本申请实施例进行详细描述。
本申请实施例可以适用的一种WLAN系统100可以包括：一个或多个AP，一个或多个站点(station，STA)。
图1以一个AP101和两个STA为示例，两个STA用STA102-1和STA102-1表示。AP101与STA102-1和STA102-1关联。
如图2所示，WLAN系统100中也可以包括多个AP。图2显示了两个AP，以每个AP连接两个STA为例进行示例。可以理解WLAN系统中还可以包括更多个AP和更多个STA。
两个AP分别为AP101-1和AP101-2，AP101-1连接两个STA，用STA102-1和STA102-2表示。AP101-2连接两个STA，用STA102-3和STA102-4表示。
以下对本申请实施例设计的AP和STA进行说明。
AP，也可称之为无线访问接入点或桥接器或热点。AP可以接入服务器或通信网络。AP本身也是一个站点。AP是一种部署在无线通信网络或WLAN网络中为其关联的站点提供无线通信功能的装置，AP可用作WLAN系统的中枢。AP可以为基站、路由器、网关、中继器、通信服务器、交换机或网桥等。其中，基站可以包括各种形式的宏基站，微基站，中继站等。在此，为了描述方便，本申请实施例中将上面提到的设备统称为AP。
STA，可以是各种具有无线通信功能的用户终端、用户装置，接入装置，订户站，订户单元，移动站，用户代理，用户装备或其他名称，其中，用户终端可以包括各种具有无线通信功能的手持设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备,以及各种形式的用户设备(user equipment,UE),移动台(mobile station,MS)，终端(terminal)，终端设备(terminal equipment)，便携式通信设备，手持机，便携式计算设备，娱乐设备，游戏设备或系统，全球定位系统设备或被配置为经由无线介质进行网络通信的任何其他合适的设备等等。在此，为了描述方便，本申请实施例中将上面提到的设备统称为STA。
基于上述描述，下面对本申请实施例提供的无线局域网的通信方法之一做详细说明。
本申请实施例中，下行物理层协议数据单元(physical layer convergence protocol data unit，PPDU)的结构如下所述。
AP向关联的STA发送的PPDU称为下行PPDU。本申请实施例中，下行PPDU可以包括前导(preamble)部分(part)和数据(data)部分，前导部分又可以包括第一前导部分和第二前导部分。前导部分中包括一些前导字段。数据部分可以包括数据字段。
如图3所示，示例性说明下行PPDU的帧结构可能包括的字段。
第一前导部分包括传统短训字段(legacy short training field，L-STF)、传统长训字段(legacy long training field，L-LTF)、传统信令(legacy signaling，L-SIG)、重复的 传统信令(repeated legacy signaling，RL-SIG)、极度高吞吐量信令A(extremely high throughput signaling A，EHT-SIG-A)、极度高吞吐量信令B(extremely high throughput signaling B，EHT-SIG-B)。实际应用中，第一前导部分还可能包括更多或更少的字段。
第二前导部分包括极度高吞吐量短训字段(extremely high throughput short training field，EHT-STF)、极度高吞吐量长训字段(extremely high throughput long training field，EHT-LTF)。
数据部分可以包括数据载荷(data)和包扩展(packet extension，PE)两部分，数据载荷部分用于承载发送给STA的数据。
下行PPDU还可能包括触发帧(trigger frame)，通常情况下，触发帧包含于数据部分，可以与data聚合。
为了大幅提升WLAN系统的业务传输速率，下一代电气和电子工程师协会(institute of electrical and electronics engineers，IEEE)802.11ax标准在正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing，OFDM)技术的基础上，进一步采用正交频分多址(orthogonal frequency division multiple access,OFDMA)技术。OFDMA技术将空口无线信道时频资源划分成多个正交的时频资源单元(resource unit，RU)。RU之间在时间上可以是共享的，而在频域上是正交的。对于单个AP来说，AP需要与STA传输数据时，基于RU或RU组进行资源分配。在同一时刻为不同的STA分配不同的信道资源，使多个STA高效地接入信道，提升信道利用率。
随着WLAN技术的不断普及，AP变得越来越密集，多个AP使用OFDMA技术时，必然会带来更多的小区间干扰。多AP协作是指多个AP之间进行一些信息交互，来达到并行传输，避免干扰或者达到传输资源优化配置的目的。通过多AP协作使用OFDMA技术，可以有效降低小区间的干扰。
在多AP协作场景下，多个AP可以采用以下方式来发送前导部分和数据部分。
对于多AP协作的任意一个AP来说，AP在信道的每个信道单元上重复发送第一前导部分，在该信道中的与接收端STA关联的资源上发送第二前导部分和数据部分。
示例性地，多个AP包括第一AP和第二AP，下面通过第一AP和第二AP的协作发送下行PPDU，对多AP协作场景中发送PPDU的方式进行举例说明。以下描述中，第一AP和第一STA关联，第二AP和第二STA关联。第一STA是与第一AP关联的任一STA，第二STA是与第二AP关联的任一STA。
第一AP向第一STA发送第一PPDU，第二AP向第二STA发送第二PPDU。其中，第一PPDU和第二PPDU中的字段占用资源的方式如下所述。
假设第一AP和第二AP在第一信道上发送下行PPDU。第一信道的全带宽包括一个或多个信道单元。信道单元也可以称为子信道。例如，第一信道的全带宽为80MHz，第一信道包括4个信道单元，信道单元的带宽为20MHz；又例如，第一信道的全带宽为80MHz，第一信道包括2个信道单元，信道单元的带宽为40MHz；第一信道的全带宽为40MHz，第一信道包括2个信道单元，信道单元的带宽为20MHz。第一信道的全带宽可以包括多个频率资源单元(resource unit，RU)。例如，在OFDMA技术中，信道带宽被分为多个正交的RU。或者，第一信道的全带宽可以包括多个时频资源块(resource block，RB)。本申请中以RU为例介绍。
其中，第一PPDU的第一前导部分在第一信道的整个带宽/全带宽上发送。例如， 第一AP在第一信道的每个信道单元上重复发送第一PPDU的第一前导部分。第一PPDU的第二前导部分和数据部分在第一信道的第一RU/第一RU组上发送。第一RU组包括多个RU。
第二PPDU的第一前导部分在第一信道的整个带宽/全带宽上发送。例如，第二AP在第一信道的每个信道单元上重复发送第一PPDU的第一前导部分。第二PPDU的第二前导部分和数据部分在第一信道的第二RU/第二RU组上发送。第二RU组包括多个RU。
可以看出，第一PPDU的第一前导部分和第二PPDU的第一前导部分，均在第一信道的全带宽上以信道单元为粒度重复发送。如果在相同的信道上发送不同的第一前导部分将会产生干扰，因此本申请实施例中，第一PPDU的第一前导部分和第二PPDU的第一前导部分是相同的。相同的含义可以理解为第一PPDU的第一前导部分和第二PPDU的第一前导部分中包括的字段和字段的内容是相同的。接收到第一PPDU和第二PPDU的STA能够通过第一前导部分识别出相同的含义。第一AP和第二AP在第一信道的全带宽上以信道单元为粒度重复发送第一前导部分，多个第一前导部分的信号时叠加在一起的。
第一PPDU和第二PPDU除第一前导部分之外的部分，是在不同的RU上发送的。第一PPDU和第二PPDU除第一前导部分之外的部分可以是不同的，不同的含义可以理解为第一PPDU和第二PPDU除第一前导部分之外的部分中包括字段/字段内容是不同的。
通过对各个AP发送下行PPDU的第一前导部分的设计，在多个AP使用OFDMA技术时，能够降低多个AP发送PPDU的干扰。通过各个AP发送下行PPDU的第二前导部分和数据部分的设计，能够使得不同的AP在不同的RU上发送，从而避免多个AP在相同的RU上发送PPDU所带来的干扰，并且，第一PPDU和第二PPDU除第一前导部分之外的部分，是在不同的RU上发送的，在复杂度和信令开销较低的情况下能够实现RU级的OFDMA传输，更灵活高效地利用信道资源进行协作传输。
如图4所示，下面通过一个举例对下行PPDU的发送进行说明。
以第一信道的全带宽为40MHz为例。信道单元的带宽为20MHz，第一信道包括两个信道单元，记为信道单元1和信道单元2。AP1和AP2为两个不同的AP，协作发送PPDU。AP1关联STA1和STA2；AP1关联STA3和STA4。下行PPDU的格式可以参照图3的相关描述。
AP1在信道单元1和信道单元2上均发送第一PPDU的第一前导部分，在信道单元1的不同的RU上分别向STA1和STA2发送第一PPDU的第二前导部分和数据部分。当然，向STA1发送的第二前导部分和数据部分，与向STA2发送的第二前导部分和数据部分，可以是不同的。
类似地，AP2在信道单元1和信道单元2上均发送第二PPDU的第一前导部分，在信道单元2的不同的RU上分别向STA3和STA4发送第二PPDU的第二前导部分和数据部分。当然，向STA3发送的第二前导部分和数据部分，与向STA4发送的第二前导部分和数据部分，可以是不同的。
可以理解的是，信道单元1可以承载AP1向更多STA发送的数据，信道单元2可以承载AP2向更多STA发送的数据。向STA1和STA2发送第一PPDU的第二前导 部分和数据部分，可以不占满信道单元1。向STA3和STA4发送第二PPDU的第二前导部分和数据部分，可以不占满信道单元2。
本申请实施例中，通过多个AP在信道的全带宽上每个信道单元上重复发送相同的第一前导部分，并且不同AP在信道的不同RU上向各自关联的STA发送第二前导部分和数据部分，能够避免多个AP之间的干扰，并且实现以RU为粒度协调OFDMA传输，提高信道的使用效率。
本申请实施例中，多个AP发送相同的第一前导部分，第一前导部分中的EHT-SIG-B中包括RU的分配信息。其中RU可以分配给一个STA，RU的分配信息可以包括该一个STA的用户AID；RU还可以分配给多个STA，RU的分配信息可以包括该多个STA对应的组播AID；RU可以分配给一个BSS关联的所有STA，RU的分配信息可以包括BSS的AID。AP向STA发送下行PPDU后，STA可以通过第一前导部分中的EHT-SIG-B确定应该在哪个RU或RU组上接收第二前导部分和数据部分。例如，STA可以事先获取自身关联的BSS，根据第一前导部分中的EHT-SIG-B，确定与自身关联的BSS所对应的RU，并在所确定的RU上接收第二前导部分和数据部分。
如图5所示，本申请实施例还提供无线局域网的通信方法之二，该方法可以和上述无线局域网的通信方法之一结合，也可以单独形成本申请需要保护的方案。
S501、第一AP向第一STA发送第一PPDU；第一STA接收来自第一AP的第一PPDU。
S502、第一STA根据第一PPDU中的前导字段确定接收功率。
其中，前导字段可以是EHT-STF，前导字段也可以是EHT-LTF，前导字段也可以是EHT-STF和EHT-LTF的结合。
接收功率是指第一STA接收第一AP的所述第一PPDU的功率。
第一STA可以根据接收功率确定第一STA与第一AP之间的路损，再根据路损确定上行发送功率。
可选的，在S502之后，还可以包括S503。
S503、第一STA向第一AP发送上行PPDU。
本申请中对上行PPDU的格式不作限定，例如可以参照下行PPDU的格式。
可选的，第一STA可以按照上述方法确定出来的上行发送功率来发送上行PPDU。
第一PPDU中可以包括触发帧(trigger frame)。触发帧中包括第一字段，例如，第一字段可以是AP发送功率(AP Tx power)字段。第一STA根据前导字段确定接收功率后，可以根据接收功率和AP Tx power字段确定第一STA与第一AP之间的路损。比如将AP Tx power字段指示的功率值减去该接收功率，得到路损的值。
触发帧中还可能包括第二字段，如第一字段可以是上行目标(UL Target)接收信号强度指示(received signal strength indication，RSSI)字段。第一STA可以根据路损和UL Target RSSI字段来确定上行发送功率。比如根据公式上行发送功率(dB)＝路损(dB)+UL Target RSSI(dB)来确定，其中dB是功率单位。
结合图5实施例的描述，如果在多AP协作场景下，第二AP和关联的第二STA的操作可以参考第一AP和第一STA的操作。如图6所示，在多AP协作场景下的通信方法如下所述。
S601、第一AP向第一STA发送第一PPDU。第一STA接收来自第一AP的第一PPDU。 第二AP向第二STA发送第二PPDU。第二STA接收来自第二AP的第二PPDU。
可选的，第一AP发送第一PPDU，以及第二AP发送第二PPDU的方式可以使用上文无线局域网的通信方法之一描述的方法。
需要说明的是，基于收发机的工作原理，本申请所涉及到的“同时”是实质的同时，不需要严格限定两个信息的发送没有任何时间上的差异，只需要满足整体上处理在时间维度大致相同即可。本说明适用于整个申请文件。
S602、第一STA根据第一PPDU确定第一接收功率。第二STA根据第二PPDU确定第二接收功率。
第一STA和第二STA确定接收功率的方法可以参考图5中确定接收功率的描述。
可选的，还可以包括以下步骤。
S603、第一STA根据第一接收功率和第一PPDU中的字段，来确定第一发送功率。第二STA根据第二接收功率和第二PPDU中的字段，来确定第二发送功率。
S604、第一STA就可以根据第一发送功率向第一AP发送上行PPDU。第二STA就可以根据第二发送功率向第二AP发送上行PPDU。
通常情况下，第一PPDU中可能会包括触发帧，第二PPDU中也可能会包括触发帧。触发帧中可以包括AP Tx Power字段和UL Target RSSI字段。
可选的，第一STA可以根据第一PPDU中的第一前导部分(例如EHT-STF/EHT-LTF字段)，来估算第一接收功率；第一STA根据第一接收功率和第一PPDU中的AP Tx Power字段来计算出第一STA到第一AP之间的路损(pathloss)；并根据估算的路损和第一PPDU中的UL Target RSSI字段来确定第一上行发送功率。
类似地，第二STA可以根据第二PPDU中的第一前导部分(例如EHT-STF/EHT-LTF字段)，来估算第二接收功率；第二STA根据第二接收功率和第二PPDU中的AP Tx Power字段来计算出第二STA到第二AP之间的路损(pathloss)；并根据估算的路损和第二PPDU中的UL Target RSSI字段来确定第二上行发送功率。
在第一PPDU和第二PPDU包括触发帧的情况下，第一STA和第二STA分别根据触发帧来发送上行基于触发帧的PPDU(trigger-based PPDU)。例如，第一STA和第二STA分别在接收到触发帧后在SIF后发送上行PPDU。
可选的，第一PPDU中的AP Tx Power字段和第二PPDU中的AP Tx Power字段所指示的功率值可以是不同的。
当多个AP发送相同的第一前导部分时，STA无法根据第一前导部分中的字段来估算与关联AP的路损，从而无法确定上行发送功率。本申请实施例中，通过根据下行PPDU中EHT-STF/EHT-LTF字段确定接收功率，可以确定STA到关联的AP之间的路损，进一步确定向AP发送上行PPDU的功率。
图6所示的实施例可以跟上文中多个AP发送前导部分和数据部分的方式结合。
在多个AP协作场景下，每个AP在信道的全带宽以信道单元为粒度重复发送相同的第一前导部分，在各自的RU上分别发送第二前导部分和数据部分。在这种情况下，图6所示实施例中，假设第一AP在第一RU上发送第一PPDU的第二前导部分和数据部分；第二AP在第二RU上发送第二PPDU的第二前导部分和数据部分。第一PPDU中的触发帧中可以只包含第一RU的分配信息，即第一RU的用户信息(user info)，指示第一RU可以用于哪些用户使用。类似地，第二PPDU中的触发帧中可以只包含第二RU的分配信 息，即第二RU的用户信息(user info)，用于指示第二RU可以用于哪些用户使用。这里所述的用户即站点(STA)。
可选的，本申请实施例中下行PPDU中包括的Trigger帧的功能，也可以通过在MAC帧头携带触发响应调度(triggered response scheduling，TRS)控制字段来代替。
在多个AP协作场景下，STA检测下行PPDU，各个下行PPDU的第一前导部分是相同的且占用信道是相同的，第二前导部分和数据部分是占用不同的RU发送的，那么STA作为接收端需要正确接收到与其关联的AP发送的下行数据。本申请实施例中，STA可以通过第一前导部分中的RHT-SIG-B字段确定在哪个RU上接收第二前导部分和数据部分。可以为不同的AP分配不同的关联标识符(association identifier，AID)。
例如，第一AP的标识为第一AID，第二AP的标识为第二AID。在第一AP和第二AP发送的下行PPDU的第一前导部分中，均携带第一AID关联第一RU的信息以及第二AID关联第二RU的信息。这样第一STA接收到第一AP发送的第一PPDU后，可以根据第一PPDU中的该信息确定需要到第一RU上接收第一PPDU的第二前导部分和数据部分。第二STA接收到第二AP发送的第二PPDU后，可以根据第二PPDU中的该信息确定需要到第二RU上接收第二PPDU的第二前导部分和数据部分。
如图7所示，本申请实施例还提供了无线局域网的通信方法之三，该方法可以和上述无线局域网的通信方法之一结合，也可以和上述无线局域网的通信方法之二结合，也可以单独形成本申请需要保护的方案。
多AP协作发送PPDU时，可以通过主协调(coordinator)AP来协调多个被协调(coordinated)AP之间的协作。主协调AP可以是多AP协作场景中多个AP中的其中一个，也可以是多个AP之外的AP。协作的多个AP仍以两个AP为例，包括第一AP和第二AP。如图7所示，具体方法如下所述。
S701、主协调AP向第一AP和第二AP发送触发帧(slave trigger frame)，可以记为第一触发帧。第一AP和第二AP均从主协调AP接收该第一触发帧。
第一触发帧可以在第一信道的全带宽上发送。
第一触发帧中包括以下任意一项字段或多项字段的组合：下行PPDU的长度、上行PPDU的长度、下行PPDU的前导部分的信息、或第二触发帧的信息。下行PPDU中可以包括触发帧，记为第二触发帧。第二触发帧用于触发第一STA或第二STA在接收到下行PPDU在短帧间隔(short inter-frame space，SIFS)后发送上行PPDU。
其中，下行PPDU是第一AP向第一STA发送的PPDU或者第二AP向第二STA发送的PPDU；上行PPDU是第一STA向第一AP发送的PPDU或第二STA向第二AP发送的PPDU；第一STA是与第一AP关联的任一STA，第二STA是与第二AP关联的任一STA。
第一触发帧中包括的下行PPDU的前导部分的信息可以包括以下一种或多种字段：L-SIG、EHT-SIG-A、EHT-SIG-B、或EHT-LTF的个数。第一AP根据第一触发帧中包括的下行PPDU的前导部分的信息，生成第一PPDU的第一前导部分。类似地，第二AP根据第一触发帧中包括的下行PPDU的前导部分的信息，生成第二PPDU的第一前导部分。
可选的，在S701之后，还可以包括S702～S705。S702～S705同S601～S604。重复之处可以参见上文描述。
结合图6所示的实施例，第一AP根据主协调AP发送的第一触发帧，确定第一PPDU的长度；第二AP根据主协调AP发送的第一触发帧，确定第二PPDU的长度。
第一AP向第一STA发送第一PPDU中可以包括触发帧，记为第二触发帧。第一AP还根据主协调AP发送的第一触发帧，确定第一上行PPDU的长度，第一AP可以在第二触发帧中指示该第一上行PPDU的长度。第一STA在接收到第一PPDU后，可以根据第二触发帧确定第一上行PPDU的长度，第一STA按照该第一上行PPDU的长度生成并向第一AP发送第一上行PPDU。
类似地，第二AP向第二STA发送第二PPDU中可以包括触发帧，也可以记为第二触发帧。第二AP还根据主协调AP发送的第一触发帧，确定第二上行PPDU的长度，第二AP可以在第二触发帧中指示该第二上行PPDU的长度。第二STA在接收到第二PPDU后，可以根据第二触发帧确定第二上行PPDU的长度，第二STA按照该第二上行PPDU的长度生成并向第二AP发送第二上行PPDU。
在多AP协作应用场景下，第一AP和第二AP在发送的下行PPDU中的第一前导部分是相同的，第一前导部分需要指示各个AP与RU的关联关系。而多个协作的AP可以通过主协调AP发送的第一触发帧，来获取各个AP与RU的关联关系。例如，第一AP的标识为第一AID，第二AP的标识为第二AID。主协调AP在第一触发帧中指示第一AID关联第一RU以及第二AID关联第二RU。第一AP和第二AP根据第一触发帧，在第一AP和第二AP发送的下行PPDU的第一前导部分中，均携带第一AID关联第一RU的信息以及第二AID关联第二RU的信息。
可以理解的是，在多AP协作应用场景下，AID是全局唯一的，即AID可以区分协作的多个AP。
本申请实施例中，AP与RU的关联关系，也可以替换为BSS与RU的关联关系。一个AP下可能有一个或多个BSS。AP与STA均可以通过BSS与RU的关联关系，确定自身关联的RU。AP在自身关联的RU上发送下行PPDU的第二前导部分和数据部分；STA在自身关联的RU上接收下行PPDU的第二前导部分和数据部分。
下面结合图4所示的举例，对上述无线局域网的通信方法之一～之三进行进一步举例说明。
如图8所示，主协调AP用于协调AP1和AP2协作传输PPDU。主协调AP向AP1和AP2分别发送第一触发帧。主协调AP可以在40MHz的带宽上发送第一触发帧。第一触发帧中包括第一PPDU和第二PPDU的部分或全部的前导部分信息。AP1根据第一触发帧确定第一PPDU的第一前导部分，AP2根据第一触发帧确定第二PPDU的第一前导部分。AP1还可以根据第一触发帧确定第一PPDU的长度，以及数据部分包括的第二触发帧的信息。AP2还可以根据第一触发帧确定第二PPDU的长度，以及数据部分包括的第二触发帧的信息。
AP1和AP2发送下行PPDU的方法参照图4的描述。STA1～STA4接收到下行PPDU后，分别发送上行PPDU。发送上行PPDU的方式本申请不做限定，可选的，如图8所示，各个STA采用联合发送的方式，在信道单元1和信道单元2上均发送上行PPDU的第一前导部分，在各自的RU上分别发送上行PPDU的第二前导部分和数据部分。各个STA发送的数据部分包括STA向AP发送的上行数据。
之后，AP1和AP2继续发送下行PPDU，各个STA继续发送上行PPDU。发送方 式同上，不再赘述。可选的，AP1和AP2在接收到上行PPDU后，可以返回块确认(block ACK)BA帧。BA帧携带于下行PPDU的数据部分。
可选的，AP1和AP2初始发送的下行PPDU中可以不包括下行数据，只在数据部分携带第一触发帧。
如图9所示，本申请实施例还提供一种无线局域网的通信方法之四，具体如下所述。
S901、第一STA向第一AP发送第一上行帧，第一AP接收来自第一STA的第一上行帧。
S902、第一AP向第一STA返回第一肯定应答(acknowledge，ACK)帧。
其中，第一ACK帧的扰码种子与第一上行帧的扰码种子相同。
在多AP协作场景下，任意AP都有可能正确接收到STA发送的上行帧。假设第一AP和第二AP均接收到第一STA发送的第一上行帧，第一AP和第二AP在接收到第一上行帧后，在SIFS后返回ACK帧。两个ACK帧的扰码种子均与第一上行帧的扰码种子相同，能够避免采用的扰码不同导致两个ACK帧的PPDU产生干扰，保证STA能正确接收ACK帧。
可选的，第一上行帧包括BSS标识(ID)，该BSS ID用于标识第一AP与第二AP，即是第一AP和第二AP的共用ID。
可选的，在S901之前，还包括S900。
S900、第一AP向第一STA发送第一信标帧。
第一信标帧包括第一AP的BSS信息，第一AP的BSS信息与第二AP的BSS信息相同。
下面对多AP(multi-AP)协作场景中一些可能的设计进行说明。这部分设计可以联合本申请提供的任意实施例形成保护方案，也可以单独形成保护方案。
第一AP向一个或多个第二AP发送请求帧，该请求帧用于请求建立multi-AP协作组。第二AP可以是第一AP邻近的AP。第二AP接收到请求帧后，根据自身能力或者意愿决定是否同意加入multi-AP协作组。第二AP向第一AP返回响应帧。响应帧中可以包括用于指示第二AP是否同意加入multi-AP协作组的信息、第二AP的能力信息或第二AP能够侦听到的邻居AP的信息中的任意一种或多种。
第一AP根据第二AP返回的响应帧，确定第二AP是否同意加入multi-AP协作组。若第一AP确定第二AP同意加入multi-AP协作组，则第一AP向第二AP发送以下一种或多种信息：multi-AP协作组的所对应的主协调(Coordinator)AP、该multi-AP协作组的所对应的BSS标识(ID)、BSS颜色(color)等信息。
multi-AP协作组中的BSS包括整个multi-AP协作组中的所有AP的BSS，为方便描述，multi-AP协作组中的BSS可以称为虚拟(virtual)BSS。
一种可能的实现方式中，该virtual BSS的BSSID为coordinator AP的BSSID。该multi-AP协作组所对应的BSS颜色为Coordinator AP的BSS颜色。
multi-AP协作组中的BSS共享一个AID空间。一种情况下，STA可以与virtual BSS关联且与multi-AP协作组中的某个成员BSS关联，并维护两套秘钥；在该情况下，STA关联的成员BSS为该STA在上行多用户(multiple users，MU)传输时所对应的接收AP。
另一种情况是STA只与virtual BSS关联，该STA只与coordinator AP进行秘钥派生，所有的加密解密操作均在Coordinator AP上完成，因此只需要一套秘钥。另外，在该情况 下，在与virtual BSS进行关联时，STA需要获知STA的锚(anchor)AP。anchor AP是指为该STA在上行MU传输时所对应的接收AP。可选的STA的anchor AP可以向STA发送trigger帧，在trigger帧中携带该STA的用户信息。若STA从某一个AP中接收的trigger帧中携带自身的用户信息，则该STA确定该AP为自身的anchor AP。
下面介绍STA如何获取virtual BSS信息，或者multi-AP协作组中的AP如何向STA通知virtual BSS信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，如图10所示，各个AP分别发送信标(beacon)帧，在信标帧中携带用于指示virtual BSS信息的元素。
例如，可以在信标帧中用multiple BSSID信元(element)或者邻居报告信元(neighbor report element)来指示virtual BSS信息。可选的，coordinator AP如果也作为multi-AP协作组中的一个普通AP的话，coordinator AP也会发送信标帧。
在另一种可能的实现方式中，如图11所示，coordinator AP向multi-AP协作组中的成员AP发送触发帧(slave trigger)。通过slave trigger帧中携带的序列号(Sequence number，SN)来指示成员AP在哪一个帧上联合发送virtual BSS信息。成员AP根据slave trigger帧，在接收到slave trigger帧后的SIFS后发送包括Virtual BSS信息的信标帧。可选的，coordinator AP如果也作为multi-AP协作组中的一个普通AP的话，coordinator AP也会在SIFS后发送包括Virtual BSS信息的信标帧。
需要说明的是，本申请中的各个应用场景中的举例仅仅表现了一些可能的实现方式，是为了对本申请的方法更好的理解和说明。本领域技术人员可以根据申请提供的参考信号的指示方法，得到一些演变形式的举例。
上述本申请提供的实施例中，分别从AP、STA以及STA和AP之间交互的角度对本申请实施例提供的方法进行了介绍。为了实现上述本申请实施例提供的方法中的各功能，STA和AP可以包括硬件结构和/或软件模块，以硬件结构、软件模块、或硬件结构加软件模块的形式来实现上述各功能。上述各功能中的某个功能以硬件结构、软件模块、还是硬件结构加软件模块的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。
如图12所示，基于同一技术构思，本申请实施例还提供了一种通信装置1200，该通信装置1200可以是STA或AP，也可以是STA或AP中的装置，或者是能够和STA或AP匹配使用的装置。一种设计中，该通信装置1200可以包括执行上述方法实施例中STA或AP执行的方法/操作/步骤/动作所一一对应的模块，该模块可以是硬件电路，也可是软件，也可以是硬件电路结合软件实现。一种设计中，该通信装置可以包括处理模块1201和通信模块1202。处理模块1201用于调用通信模块1202执行接收和/或发送的功能。
当用于执行STA执行的方法时：
通信模块1202，用于接收来自第一接入点AP的第一物理层协议数据单元PPDU；处理模块1201，用于根据所述第一PPDU中的前导字段确定接收功率；其中，所述前导字段包括以下一个或多个字段：极度高吞吐量短训字段EHT-STF或极度高吞吐量长训字段EHT-LTF。
处理模块1201和通信模块1202还可以用于执行上述方法实施例STA执行的其它对应的步骤或操作，在此不再一一赘述。
当用于执行主协调AP执行的方法时：
处理模块1201用于调用通信模块1202，在第一信道上向第一AP和第二AP均发送 第一触发帧，所述第一触发帧用于触发所述第一AP和所述第二AP在接收到所述第一触发帧后的短帧间隔SIFS后发送下行PPDU；所述第一触发帧包括以下一项或多项：下行PPDU的长度、上行PPDU的长度、下行PPDU的前导部分的信息、或第二触发帧的信息；其中，所述下行PPDU是所述第一AP向第一STA发送的PPDU或者所述第二AP向第二STA发送的PPDU，所述上行PPDU是所述第一STA向所述第一AP发送的PPDU或所述第二STA向所述第二AP发送的PPDU；所述下行PPDU包括所述第二触发帧，所述第二触发帧用于触发所述第一STA或所述第二STA在下行PPDU结束后的SIFS后发送上行PPDU。
处理模块1201和通信模块1202还可以用于执行上述方法实施例主协调AP执行的其它对应的步骤或操作，在此不再一一赘述。
当用于执行第一AP执行的方法时：
通信模块1202还可以包括接收模块1202-1和发送模块1202-2；
接收模块1202-1，用于接收来自第一STA的第一上行帧；发送模块1202-2，用于向所述第一STA返回第一确认ACK帧，所述第一ACK帧的扰码种子与所述第一上行帧的扰码种子相同。
处理模块1201、通信模块1202、或者接收模块1202-1、或者发送模块1202-2还可以用于执行上述方法实施例第一AP执行的其它对应的步骤或操作，在此不再一一赘述。
本申请实施例中对模块的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能模块可以集成在一个处理器中，也可以是单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上模块集成在一个模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。
如图13所示为本申请实施例提供的通信装置1300，用于实现上述方法中STA或AP的功能。当实现STA的功能时，该通信装置可以是STA，也可以是STA中的装置,或者是能够和STA匹配使用的装置。当实现AP的功能时，该装置可以是AP，也可以是AP中的装置,或者是能够和AP匹配使用的装置。其中，该通信装置可以为芯片系统。本申请实施例中，芯片系统可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。通信装置1300包括至少一个处理器1320，用于实现本申请实施例提供的方法中STA或AP的功能。通信装置1300还可以包括通信接口1310。在本申请实施例中，通信接口1310可以是收发器、电路、总线、模块或其它类型的通信接口，用于通过传输介质和其它设备进行通信。例如，通信接口1310用于装置1300中的装置可以和其它设备进行通信。示例性地，通信装置1300是STA时，该其它设备可以是AP。通信装置1300是AP时，该其它装置可以是STA。处理器1320利用通信接口1310收发数据，并用于实现上述方法实施例所述的方法。
示例性地，当实现STA的功能时，处理器1320用于利用通信接口1310接收来自第一接入点AP的第一物理层协议数据单元PPDU；处理器1320，还用于根据所述第一PPDU中的前导字段确定接收功率；其中，所述前导字段包括以下一个或多个字段：极度高吞吐量短训字段EHT-STF或极度高吞吐量长训字段EHT-LTF。
当实现AP的功能时，AP为主协调AP，处理器1320用于利用通信接口1310在第一信道上向第一AP和第二AP均发送第一触发帧，所述第一触发帧用于触发所述第一AP和所述第二AP在接收到所述第一触发帧后的短帧间隔SIFS后发送下行PPDU；所述第一触发帧包括以下一项或多项：下行PPDU的长度、上行PPDU的长度、下行PPDU 的前导部分的信息、或第二触发帧的信息；其中，所述下行PPDU是所述第一AP向第一STA发送的PPDU或者所述第二AP向第二STA发送的PPDU，所述上行PPDU是所述第一STA向所述第一AP发送的PPDU或所述第二STA向所述第二AP发送的PPDU；所述下行PPDU包括所述第二触发帧，所述第二触发帧用于触发所述第一STA或所述第二STA在下行PPDU结束后的SIFS后发送上行PPDU。
或者，当实现AP的功能时，AP为第一AP，处理器1320用于利用通信接口1310接收来自第一STA的第一上行帧，以及向所述第一STA返回第一确认ACK帧，所述第一ACK帧的扰码种子与所述第一上行帧的扰码种子相同。
处理器1320和通信接口1310还可以用于执行上述方法实施例STA或AP执行的其它对应的步骤或操作，在此不再一一赘述。
通信装置1300还可以包括至少一个存储器1330，用于存储程序指令和/或数据。存储器1330和处理器1320耦合。本申请实施例中的耦合是装置、单元或模块之间的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式，用于装置、单元或模块之间的信息交互。处理器1320可能和存储器1330协同操作。处理器1320可能执行存储器1330中存储的程序指令。所述至少一个存储器中的至少一个可以包括于处理器中。
本申请实施例中不限定上述通信接口1310、处理器1320以及存储器1330之间的具体连接介质。本申请实施例在图13中以存储器1330、处理器1320以及通信接口1310之间通过总线1340连接，总线在图13中以粗线表示，其它部件之间的连接方式，仅是进行示意性说明，并不引以为限。所述总线可以分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。为便于表示，图13中仅用一条粗线表示，但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。
通信装置1200和通信装置1300具体是芯片或者芯片系统时，通信模块1202和通信接口1310所输出或接收的可以是基带信号。通信装置1200和通信装置1300具体是设备时，通信模块1202和通信接口1310所输出或接收的可以是射频信号。在本申请实施例中，处理器可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器、专用集成电路、现场可编程门阵列或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件，可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件处理器执行完成，或者用处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。
在本申请实施例中，存储器1330可以是非易失性存储器，比如硬盘(hard disk drive，HDD)或固态硬盘(solid-state drive，SSD)等，还可以是易失性存储器(volatile memory)，例如随机存取存储器(random-access memory，RAM)。存储器是能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。本申请实施例中的存储器还可以是电路或者其它任意能够实现存储功能的装置，用于存储程序指令和/或数据。
本申请上述方法实施例描述的STA所执行的操作和功能中的部分或全部，或AP所执行的操作和功能中的部分或全部，可以用芯片或集成电路来完成。
为了实现上述图12或图13所述的通信装置的功能，本申请实施例还提供一种芯片，包括处理器，用于支持该通信装置实现上述方法实施例中STA或AP所涉及的功能。在一种可能的设计中，该芯片与存储器连接或者该芯片包括存储器，该存储器用于保存该通信装置必要的程序指令和数据。
本申请实施例提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机程序，该计算机程序包括用于执行上述方法实施例的指令。
本申请实施例提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述方法实施例。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本申请的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本申请可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本申请可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本申请是参照根据本申请实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
尽管已描述了本申请的优选实施例，但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念，则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。所以，所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选实施例以及落入本申请范围的所有变更和修改。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请实施例进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请实施例的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请实施例的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种无线局域网的通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一站点STA接收来自第一接入点AP的第一物理层协议数据单元PPDU；
    所述第一STA根据所述第一PPDU中的前导字段确定接收功率；其中，所述前导字段包括以下一个或多个字段：极度高吞吐量短训字段EHT-STF或极度高吞吐量长训字段EHT-LTF。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一STA根据所述接收功率确定所述第一STA与所述第一AP之间的路损；
    所述第一STA根据所述路损确定所述上行发送功率。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一STA根据所述接收功率确定所述第一STA与所述第一AP之间的路损，包括：
    所述第一STA根据所述接收功率和所述第一PPDU中的第一字段，确定所述第一STA与所述第一AP之间的路损；其中，所述第一字段包括AP发送功率字段。
  4. 如权利要求2或3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一STA根据所述路损确定所述上行发送功率，包括：
    所述第一STA根据所述路损和所述第一PPDU中的第二字段，确定所述上行发送功率；其中，所述第二字段包括上行目标接收信号强度指示RSSI字段。
  5. 如权利要求1～4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一STA接收来自第一接入点AP的第一PPDU，包括：
    所述第一STA在第一信道的每个信道单元上接收所述第一PPDU的第一前导部分，在所述第一信道的第一资源单元RU上接收所述第一PPDU的第二前导部分和第一数据部分；其中，所述第二前导部分包括所述前导字段；
    所述第一STA根据所述第一前导部分中的第三字段，确定在所述第一RU上接收所述第一PPDU的第二前导部分和第一数据部分；其中，所述第三字段包括所述第一AP的关联标识符AID字段。
  6. 一种无线局域网的通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    主协调接入点AP在第一信道上向第一AP和第二AP均发送第一触发帧，所述第一触发帧用于触发所述第一AP和所述第二AP在接收到所述第一触发帧后的短帧间隔SIFS后发送下行PPDU；
    所述第一触发帧包括以下一项或多项：下行PPDU的长度、上行PPDU的长度、下行PPDU的前导部分的信息、或第二触发帧的信息；其中，所述下行PPDU是所述第一AP向第一STA发送的PPDU或者所述第二AP向第二STA发送的PPDU，所述上行PPDU是所述第一STA向所述第一AP发送的PPDU或所述第二STA向所述第二AP发送的PPDU；所述下行PPDU包括所述第二触发帧，所述第二触发帧用于触发所述第一STA或所述第二STA在下行PPDU结束后的SIFS后发送上行PPDU。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述下行PPDU的前导部分的信息包括以下一种或多种字段：传统信令L-SIG、极度高吞吐量EHT信令A、EHT信令B或极度高吞吐量长训字段EHT-LTF的个数。
  8. 一种无线局域网的通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一接入点AP接收来自第一STA的第一上行帧；
    所述第一AP向所述第一STA返回第一确认ACK帧，所述第一ACK帧的扰码种子与所述第一上行帧的扰码种子相同。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一上行帧包括基本服务集BSS标识；
    所述BSS标识用于标识所述第一AP且用于标识第二AP。
  10. 如权利要求8或9所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述第一AP接收来自第一STA的第一上行帧之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一AP向第一STA发送第一信标帧，所述第一信标帧包括所述第一AP的基本服务集BSS信息所述第一AP的BSS信息与第二AP的BSS信息相同。
  11. 一种无线局域网的通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和通信接口，所述通信接口用于与其它通信装置进行通信；所述处理器用于运行一组程序，以使得所述无线局域网的通信装置实现权利要求1～5任一项所述的方法。
  12. 一种无线局域网的通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和通信接口，所述通信接口用于与其它通信装置进行通信；所述处理器用于运行一组程序，以使得所述无线局域网的通信装置实现权利要求6或7所述的方法或者实现8～10任一项所述的方法。
  13. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机存储介质中存储有计算机可读指令，当所述计算机可读指令在通信装置上运行时，使得所述通信装置执行权利要求1～5任一项所述的方法。
  14. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机存储介质中存储有计算机可读指令，当所述计算机可读指令在通信装置上运行时，使得所述通信装置执行权利要求6或7所述的方法或者8～10任一项所述的方法。
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