WO2021147744A1

WO2021147744A1 - Natural cleaning system for rivers

Info

Publication number: WO2021147744A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/071630
Authority: WO
Inventors: 文贵华
Original assignee: 文贵华
Priority date: 2020-01-20
Filing date: 2021-01-14
Publication date: 2021-07-29
Also published as: CN110984086A

Abstract

A natural cleaning system for rivers, relating to the technical field of hydraulic dredging engineering. Said system is erected in a river and on both sides of the river, and comprises an interception and diversion mechanism, sand collecting and guiding-out mechanisms and stone collecting and conveying mechanisms; there are two sand collecting and guiding-out mechanisms and two stone collecting and conveying mechanisms which are symmetrically provided at two sides of the interception and diversion mechanism. Said system can utilize potential energy generated by river fall and the assistance of a screw conveyor and a winch to achieve clearing of sand and stones under the condition of less energy consumption, facilitating maintenance of the river environment; in addition, the cleared sand and stones can be directly used for the industry of building, and the scale of said system can be adjusted according to requirements, having high adaptability.

Description

River natural cleaning system

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of river environmental treatment through fixed facilities, and in particular to a natural cleaning system for mud, sand, stone and floating garbage mixed with water in the river.

Background technique

There are many rivers in our country. While my country’s economic development and the improvement of people’s living standards have brought convenience, due to the influence of man-made and natural environment, the sedimentation of rivers and rivers is very serious. It accumulates over time, and gradually thicker and thicker mud layers are deposited. This not only increases the river bed, reduces the river capacity, pollutes the environment, and affects traffic, but also floods during the news period and endangers the dikes.

On the other hand, with the rapid development of my country's national economic construction and the acceleration of various infrastructure constructions, the demand for sand and gravel materials is increasing day by day. The river sand and gravel resources have the advantages of good texture, easy mining, easy screening, and low transportation cost, which can bring considerable economic benefits to the sand miners.

Therefore, the reasonable collection and cleaning of sand and gravel in the river is beneficial to the environment, and the reasonable and full use of this natural resource is of positive significance for protecting the environment, promoting ecological balance, and achieving sustainable development.

Summary of the invention

The present invention provides a natural river cleaning system. Through the transformation of the local environment of the river and the use of a series of additional equipment and facilities, and make full use of the kinetic energy and potential energy of the water flow itself, the mixed mud, sand and stones and floating garbage in the water are processed Classified cleanup can achieve the goal of not only maintaining the river environment, but also making full use of the sand and gravel resources in the river.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a natural river cleaning system, which is installed in the river and on both banks of the river, is characterized by including a shut-off and diversion mechanism, a sand collection and extraction mechanism, and a stone collection and transportation mechanism. Among them, the sand collection and extraction mechanism Two sets of stone collecting and conveying mechanism are set separately, and they are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the intercepting and diverting mechanism;

The interception and diversion mechanism is arranged in the river and fixed on both banks of the river, specifically including the front dam body 1 and the rear dam body 2, and is arranged downstream between the front dam body 1 and the rear dam body 2 to support and The connecting wall 3 that separates and is the same height as the front dam body 1 and the rear dam body 2 also includes a bottom plate 4 arranged at the bottom of the river bed and fixedly connecting the front dam body 1 and the rear dam body 2 and the connecting wall 3 as a whole ; The front dam body 1 and the rear dam body 2 on the left and right sides of the connecting wall 3 are respectively provided with vertical lifting valves 5 penetrating the dam body, and the valves 5 on the corresponding sides of the front dam body 1 and the rear dam body 2 are linked with each other , Common lifting; connecting wall 3 and the valve 5 on the corresponding side of the front dam body 1 and the rear dam body 2 form a complete switchable and controllable river water flow channel;

The sand collection and extraction mechanism is arranged on the rear side of the front dam body 1 in the river water flow channel, and its height is lower than the front dam body 1, and has a trend of high front and low back, and specifically includes a vertical screen with a direction parallel to the water flow direction. The strip group 6, the collection tank 7 arranged below the screen strip group 6, the sand-inducing pipe 8 connected to the end of the collecting groove 7, and the grit tank 9 connected to the sand-inducing pipe 8; the bottom of the collecting groove 7 is a circular arc The shape of the sand is conducive to the accumulation of sand, and the sand-inducing pipe 8 has an inclination from high to low from the feeding end to the discharging end, and the lowest end is connected to the grit chamber 9; the sieve bar group 6 includes at least two pieces The front and rear screens are staggered and the front and rear positions are adjustable. The screen is composed of a number of vertical and parallel strip-shaped members. The spacing of the bars is adjustable. The river water carries sand and gravel through the valve 5 of the front dam 1 and then flows through the screen. , The stones with a particle size larger than the spacing of the bars travel backward along the vertical screen under the impact of the water flow, and the sand with a smaller particle size passes through the screen and falls into the collection tank 7, and the mixed part of the river water is led to by the sand pipe 8 In the grit tank 9;

The stone collecting and conveying mechanism is arranged at the rear and lower part of the sand collecting and drawing mechanism, and includes a cross-river water flow channel, a rotary guide rail 10 and a support frame 11 arranged above it, and a collection screen hung on the rotary guide rail 10 The bucket 12 on which the stones are rolled down from the surface of the group 6 also includes a stone guide channel 20 and a rock storage tank 21 that are located lower than the bucket 12; the end of the rotary guide rail 10 near the center of the river is high, and the end near the river bank is low. Hang two or more buckets 12, the buckets 12 are connected to each other by a flexible traction belt 22 arranged inside the rotary guide rail 10, and can move synchronously along the rotary guide rail 10; the bucket 12 is stuck in the rotation by inverting The pulley block 13 on the inner side of the sliding guide rail 10 is suspended behind the screen bar group 6, and a hoist 131 connected to the pulley block 13 is installed on the upper surface of the rotary guide rail 10 to pull the bucket 12 up and down, and at the same time it can work with the pulley block 13 Move synchronously on the rotary guide rail 10; among them, the elastic sheet 15 for braking is arranged above the rotating shaft 14 of the pulley block 13, and the outer section of the elastic sheet 15 is supported by an elastic body 16, which presses the inner end to the top of the rotary guide rail 10, increasing the two The frictional force between them acts as a brake; under normal conditions, the frictional force generated by the shrapnel 15 is greater than the diagonally downward component force generated by the bucket 12 on the inclined rotary guide rail 10 due to its own weight , The bucket 12 can remain still below the rear and bottom of the screen bar group 6; the bucket 12 continuously receives the falling stones, and the weight increases. When a certain value is reached, the diagonal downward force generated by the weight is greater than the shrapnel on all the buckets 12 15 friction with the rotary guide rail 10, the bucket 12 will slide the stone along the rotary guide rail 10 to the stone guide channel 20, and at the same time drag the next empty bucket 12 connected to the screen bar group 6 Continue to load stones below, and so on.

Preferably, in order to improve the convenience of cleaning and maintenance of the sieve bar group 6, the single vertical sieve bar can be rotated along the front and rear connecting shaft 17, and the distance between two adjacent vertical sieve bars can be adjusted by rotating the sieve bar. Clean the sand, gravel and other debris stuck between the screen bars.

Preferably, an overflow is provided on the wall of the grit chamber 9 and a screw conveyor is installed on the wall to facilitate the centralized transportation of sand.

Preferably, in order to facilitate the control and adjustment of the flow of the river water flowing through the screen bar group 6, a controllable valve 18 is provided above the collection tank 7 to adjust the river water between the collection tank 7 and the front dam body 1 to ensure the particle size Small stones that are larger than the distance between the screen bars but do not have enough downward potential energy and remain on the screen bars are immersed in water and can be washed down.

Preferably, the number of the connecting walls 3 is greater than or equal to N, and the space between the front dam body 1 and the rear dam body 2 is divided into N+1 river water flow channels, and the value of N is 1.

Preferably, in order to protect the normal supply of water resources in the river basin around the river and avoid the interruption of groundwater caused by sand and gravel cleaning, a hydrophobic layer composed of sand and gravel is laid between the bottom plate 4 and the bottom of the river bed to facilitate the normal diffusion and circulation of groundwater.

Preferably, in order to improve the sealing performance of the front dam body 1 and the rear dam body 2 and the valve 5 provided thereon, the front dam body 1 and the rear dam body 2 adopt a rubber dam structure.

Preferably, in order to further clarify the mud in the river water after sand removal and stone removal, a siphon 23 is arranged on the wall of the rock storage tank 21 to discharge the water that has undergone a certain clarification treatment in the rock storage tank 21.

Preferably, in order to further improve the utilization of the river water potential energy, a river water gravity power generation device is arranged behind the interception and diversion mechanism; the power generation device adopts conventional small-scale hydropower station supporting equipment. For the specific principle and structure, please refer to "Small Double Impeller Hydropower Research and Development of Machines", School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Liaoning University of Science and Technology, "Science and Technology Innovation Guide", Issue 01, 2018".

The working principle of the present invention: the interception and diversion mechanism is set in the river, and the river water is diverted through the river water flow channel. The river water carries sand and gravel from the valve 5 of the front dam body 1 and then flows through the sieve bar, and the sand with a smaller particle size passes through The sieving bar falls into the collection tank 7, and the mixed part of the river water is led to the grit chamber 9 through the sand-inducing pipe 8. The stones with a particle size larger than the spacing of the bars travel backward along the vertical sieve under the impact of the water flow and enter the stone collection In the bucket 12 of the conveying mechanism, after reaching a certain weight, the bucket 12 will slide the stone along the rotary guide rail 10 to the stone guide channel 20, and at the same time, the next empty bucket 12 connected to it will be pulled to the screen. Continue to load stones under the strip group 6. When cleaning and maintenance are needed, close the valve 5 on the side to be overhauled, and open the valve 5 on the other side of the dam at the same time, which can realize the overhaul without affecting the normal sand and gravel cleaning.

The invention can make full use of the potential energy generated by the river drop, and assist equipment such as screw conveyors, hoists, etc., realize the comprehensive treatment of sand and gravel and floating garbage in the river under the condition of less energy consumption, which is beneficial to the maintenance of the river environment and cleaning The sand and gravel can be directly used in the construction industry; the scale of the system itself can be adjusted according to the needs, and the adaptability is strong.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stone collecting and conveying mechanism.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the screen bar group.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the collection tank.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the rotary guide rail and the pulley block.

Fig. 7 is a side sectional view of Fig. 6.

In the figure, the front dam body 1, the rear dam body 2, the connecting wall 3, the bottom plate 4, the valve 5, the screen bar group 6, the collection tank 7, the sand-inducing pipeline 8, the grit chamber 9, the rotary guide 10, the support frame 11 , Bucket 12, pulley block 13, hoist 131, rotating shaft 14, shrapnel 15, elastomer 16, connecting shaft 17, controllable valve 18, wave-shaped member 19, stone guide channel 20, rock storage pool 21, flexible traction belt 22, siphon twenty three.

Detailed ways

The technical scheme of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1-7, the river natural cleaning system is set up in the river and on both sides of the river, including the interception and diversion mechanism, the sand collection and extraction mechanism, and the stone collection and transportation mechanism. Among them, the sand collection and extraction mechanism and the stone collection and transportation mechanism are respectively provided with two The sleeves are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the intercepting and dividing mechanism.

The interception and diversion mechanism is arranged in the river and fixed on both banks of the river, specifically including the front dam body 1 and the rear dam body 2, and is arranged downstream between the front dam body 1 and the rear dam body 2 to support and A connecting wall 3 that separates and is at the same height as the front dam body 1 and the rear dam body 2, and also includes a bottom plate that is arranged at the bottom of the river bed and fixedly connects the front dam body 1 and the rear dam body 2 and the connecting wall 3 as a whole 4. A hydrophobic layer composed of sand and gravel is laid between the bottom plate 4 and the bottom of the river bed to facilitate the normal diffusion and circulation of groundwater; the front dam body 1 and the rear dam body 2 adopt a rubber dam structure; on the left and right sides of the connecting wall 3 The front dam body 1 and the rear dam body 2 are respectively provided with a vertical lifting valve 5 penetrating the dam body. The valves 5 on the corresponding side of the front dam body 1 and the rear dam body 2 are linked with each other to lift and lower together; the connecting wall 3 and the front The valve 5 on the corresponding side of the dam body 1 and the rear dam body 2 forms a complete switchable and controllable river water flow channel.

The sand collection and extraction mechanism is arranged on the rear side of the front dam body 1 in the river water flow channel, and its height is lower than the front dam body 1, and has a trend of high front and low back, and specifically includes a vertical screen with a direction parallel to the water flow direction. The strip group 6, the collection tank 7 arranged under the screen strip group 6, the sand-inducing pipe 8 connected to the end of the collecting groove 7, and the grit tank 9 connected to the sand-inducing pipe 8, wherein the bottom of the collecting groove 7 is a circular arc The shape of the sand is conducive to the accumulation of sand, and the sand-inducing pipe 8 has a slope from high to low from the feeding end to the discharging end, and the lowest end is connected to the grit chamber 9; and a controllable set above the collection tank 7 The valve 18 is used to adjust the river water between the collection tank 7 and the front dam body 1 to ensure that the small stones that have a particle size greater than the spacing of the screen bars but do not have enough downward potential energy and are left on the screen bars are immersed in the water and can be washed down; The sieve bar group 6 includes at least two sieve bars which are arranged in a staggered front and rear and whose front and rear positions are adjustable. The sieve bars are composed of several vertical and parallel bar-shaped members with adjustable bar spacing; the single vertical sieve bar can be Rotating along the front and rear connecting shaft 17, the distance between two adjacent vertical screen bars can be adjusted by rotating the screen bars to clean the sand and gravel and other debris stuck between the screen bars; the river water carries sand and gravel from the front dam body 1 After entering the valve 5, the stones with a particle size larger than the spacing of the bars travel backward along the vertical sieve bar under the impact of the water flow, and the sand with a smaller particle size passes through the sieve bar and falls into the collection tank 7, where they are mixed. Part of the river water is led to the grit chamber 9 through the sand-inducing pipeline 8. An overflow is provided on the wall of the grit chamber 9, and a screw conveyor is installed on the wall to facilitate the centralized transportation of sand.

Example 2

As shown in Figure 1-7, the structure of the river natural cleaning system in this embodiment is basically the same as that described in Example 1. The difference is that a siphon 23 is provided on the wall of the rock storage tank 21, which will undergo a certain clarification treatment in the rock storage tank 21 In order to further improve the utilization of the potential energy of the river, a river water gravity power generation device is installed behind the interception and diversion mechanism.

Claims

The river natural cleaning system is installed in the river and on both banks of the river. It is characterized by including a shutoff and diversion mechanism, a sand collection and extraction mechanism, and a stone collection and transportation mechanism. Among them, the sand collection and extraction mechanism and the stone collection and transportation mechanism are respectively provided in two sets, which are arranged symmetrically On both sides of the interception and shunt mechanism;

The interception and diversion mechanism is arranged in the river and fixed on both banks of the river, specifically including the front dam body (1) and the rear dam body (2), and is arranged downstream of the front dam body (1) and the rear dam body (2). ), the connecting wall (3) that plays the role of support and separation and is the same height as the front dam body (1) and the rear dam body (2), and also includes the connecting wall (3) arranged at the bottom of the river bed and connecting the front dam body (1) The bottom plate (4) is fixedly connected to the rear dam body (2) and the connecting wall (3) as a whole; on the front dam body (1) and the rear dam body (2) on the left and right sides of the connecting wall (3), respectively There is a vertical lifting valve (5) that penetrates the dam body. The valves (5) on the corresponding side of the front dam body (1) and the rear dam body (2) are linked to each other to lift and lower together; the connecting wall (3) and the front dam body ( 1) The valve (5) on the corresponding side of the rear dam body (2) forms a complete switchable and controllable river water flow channel;

The sand collection and extraction mechanism is arranged on the rear side of the front dam body (1) in the river water flow channel, and its height is lower than the front dam body (1), and has a trend of high front and low back, specifically including the setting direction parallel to the water flow direction The vertical screen bar group (6), the collection tank (7) arranged below the screen bar group (6), the sand-inducing pipe (8) connected to the end of the collecting tank (7), and the sand-inducing pipe (8) ) In the grit tank (9), in which the bottom of the collection tank (7) is arc-shaped, which is conducive to the accumulation of sand, and the sand-inducing pipe (8) has a slope from high to low from the feed end to the discharge end. The lowest end is connected to the grit tank (9); the sieve bar group (6) includes at least two sieve bars which are arranged staggered in front and rear and whose positions are adjustable. The sieve bars are arranged in a strip in parallel in a vertical direction. Component composition, strip spacing adjustable;

The stone collecting and conveying mechanism is arranged behind the sand collecting and drawing mechanism, and includes a cross-river water flow channel, a rotary guide rail (10) and a support frame (11) arranged above it, and a rotary guide rail (10) and a support frame (11) hung on the rotary guide rail ( 10) The hanging bucket (12) that collects the falling stones from the surface of the screen bar group (6), and also includes the stone guide channel (20) and the rock storage tank (21) located lower than the hanging bucket (12); the rotary type The guide rail (10) is high at one end close to the center of the river, and low at one end close to the river bank. Two or more buckets (12) are hung on the guide rail (10). The traction belts (22) are connected to each other and can move synchronously along the rotary guide rail (10); the bucket (12) is suspended by the pulley block (13) on the inner side of the rotary guide rail (10) on the screen bar group (6). At the rear and bottom, and on the upper surface of the rotary guide rail (10), a winch (131) connected to the pulley block (13) is installed to pull the bucket (12) up and down, and at the same time, it can be mounted on the rotary guide rail together with the pulley block (13). (10) Synchronous movement on the upper side; wherein the upper part of the pulley block (13) is provided with a shrapnel (15) acting as a brake, and the outer section of the shrapnel (15) is supported by an elastic body (16), which presses the inner end to the rotary The top of the guide rail (10) increases the friction between the two and acts as a brake.
The river natural cleaning system according to claim 1, wherein the single vertical screen bar can be rotated along the front and rear connecting shafts (17), and the distance between two adjacent vertical screen bars can be adjusted by rotating the screen bar. Mediation.
The river natural cleaning system according to claim 1, characterized in that an overflow is provided on the wall of the grit chamber (9), and a screw conveyor is erected on the wall to facilitate the centralized transportation of sand.
The river natural cleaning system according to claim 1, characterized in that a controllable valve (18) is arranged above the collection tank (7).
The natural river cleaning system according to claim 1, wherein the number of the connecting walls (3) is greater than or equal to N, and the space between the front dam body (1) and the rear dam body (2) is divided into There are N+1 river water flow channels, and the value of N is 1.
The river natural cleaning system according to claim 1, characterized in that a hydrophobic layer composed of sand and gravel is laid between the bottom plate (4) and the bottom of the river bed.
The river natural cleaning system according to claim 1, characterized in that the front dam body (1) and the rear dam body (2) adopt a rubber dam structure.