CN109826165B - Gravel cleaning system for flood discharge - Google Patents
Gravel cleaning system for flood discharge Download PDFInfo
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- CN109826165B CN109826165B CN201910267875.0A CN201910267875A CN109826165B CN 109826165 B CN109826165 B CN 109826165B CN 201910267875 A CN201910267875 A CN 201910267875A CN 109826165 B CN109826165 B CN 109826165B
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- flood discharge
- energy dissipation
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010920 waste tyre Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a gravel cleaning system for flood discharge, which is arranged at the position of a water flow falling point discharged through a flood discharge port and comprises a bottom plate, and an energy dissipation area and a filtering area which are sequentially arranged on the bottom plate according to the flow direction of flood discharge water; when the sluice is opened and water is discharged, the sand and stone material removes a part of kinetic energy through the energy dissipation area and then passes through the filtering area, because the kinetic energy is reduced, large particle sand and sand can infiltrate to the inclined bottom plate below through the gap of the energy dissipation area, and sand particles filtered on the inclined bottom plate are flushed into the well lined tunnel on the other side of the inclined bottom plate by introducing clean water through the water storage tower positioned on one side of the inclined bottom plate. The system can effectively remove silt-laden river silt, avoid the damage of substances such as large-particle sand gravel and the like to downstream hydraulic buildings, has low manufacturing cost and simple structure, and realizes waste utilization.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower buildings, and particularly relates to a gravel cleaning system for flood discharge.
Background
There are a great amount of bed load and suspended load in the river with more sediment, including large sand gravel sand grains and small sand grains, etc. The sand and mud of the gravel cause the blockage of the river channel, flood discharge can not be performed in time when flood comes, the safety of two banks is endangered, and the situation that the upstream river channel overtakes and the downstream people are free from water is caused; meanwhile, when the sluice is opened and flood is discharged, the water flow carries large granular substances such as gravel and the like, has huge kinetic energy, is easy to damage a downstream bottom plate and two-bank slope protection, and improves the maintenance cost of the hydraulic building, so that the flood discharge water is required to be subjected to energy dissipation to reduce a part of kinetic energy.
In traditional flood discharge, energy is generally dissipated by adopting a diversion technical means, such as the following patent documents:
the utility model patent with the publication number of CN207878411U discloses energy-saving and environment-friendly flood discharge energy dissipation equipment, and the energy dissipation purpose is achieved by adopting a plurality of flood discharge diversion channels, a collapse prevention layer and a confluence channel to split flood discharge water.
However, after the flood discharge water is discharged, the blockage of the river channel caused by the sand and silt cannot be avoided, so that the sand and gravel cleaning needs to be performed on the flood discharge port, and the sand and gravel are usually deposited and filtered by the conventional methods, such as the following patent documents:
the utility model patent with the publication number of CN203229932U discloses a river sediment flood discharging system, which comprises a reservoir and a wetland communicated with the reservoir, wherein a sediment tank is arranged in front of the wetland (in the direction of water flow sources), the sediment tank is provided with a flood discharging port connected with the reservoir, the sediment tank is used for buffering the water flow speed from the river, so that sediment in water flowing into the reservoir from each river is effectively intercepted, the sediment is prevented from entering the reservoir, a reverse filtering layer is laid in a ditch, and on the basis of the sediment effect of the sediment tank on the water from each river, the water flowing out of the sediment tank can be filtered again, and the sediment in the water flowing into the wetland is further intercepted. However, the sand removing effect of the method for removing the sand by utilizing the sand settling pond is not good, and the method is not suitable for rivers with more sediment.
In summary, the above prior art cannot remove kinetic energy and clean up a large amount of bed load and suspended load existing in the river at the maximum possible, so a new device is needed to cater for cleaning up large particulate matters such as gravel in a sediment-rich river.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a gravel cleaning system for flood discharge, which can effectively remove silt-laden river silt, avoid the damage of substances such as large-particle sand gravel and the like to downstream hydraulic buildings, has low manufacturing cost and simple structure, and realizes the waste utilization.
The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows: a flood discharge gravel cleaning system arranged at a water flow drop point discharged through a flood discharge port, the system comprising a base plate, and an energy dissipation area and a filtering area which are sequentially arranged on the base plate according to the flow direction of flood discharge water; the energy dissipation area consists of a plurality of energy dissipation units which are parallel to each other, a gap A is formed between every two adjacent energy dissipation units, each energy dissipation unit comprises two concrete upright posts symmetrically arranged on a bottom plate and a concrete frame beam which connects the tops of the two concrete upright posts into a whole, and the concrete frame beam forms an included angle of 0-60 degrees with the flood discharge flow direction; an elastic cushion layer is arranged at the top of the concrete frame beam through a wood plate layer so as to dissipate energy of suspended matters by using the elastic cushion layer; the filtering area comprises a plurality of filtering units which are parallel to each other, a gap B is reserved between every two adjacent filtering units, each filtering unit comprises a plurality of concrete supporting columns which are positioned on the same straight line, the tops of the concrete supporting columns are connected into a whole by a concrete beam, the included angle between the concrete beam and the concrete frame beam is 60-120 degrees, cobbles with different sizes are uniformly paved on the surface of the concrete beam, and the cobbles are used for filtering the bed load; a partition wall lower than the concrete girder is arranged between the energy dissipation area and the filtering area and is vertical to flood discharge water flow; and a water storage tower is arranged on one side of the energy dissipation area and the filtering area, and an gallery is arranged on the other side of the energy dissipation area and the filtering area, wherein clear water discharged by the water storage tower washes the lower positions of the energy dissipation area and the filtering area on the bottom plate respectively, and the wash water is discharged into the gallery.
As a further optimization of the flood discharge gravel cleaning system of the present utility model: the elastic cushion is a rubber cushion, and the rubber cushion is fixed with the wood board layer through steel bars.
As a further optimization of the flood discharge gravel cleaning system of the present utility model: the ratio between the width of the energy dissipation units and the gap A is 4:1-2:1.
As a further optimization of the flood discharge gravel cleaning system of the present utility model: the ratio between the widths of the plurality of filtering units and the gap B is 6:1-3:1.
As a further optimization of the flood discharge gravel cleaning system of the present utility model: the bottom plate is inclined from the side provided with the water storage tower to the side provided with the tunnel.
The beneficial effects are that:
1. the gravel cleaning system adopts the energy dissipation unit with the elastic cushion layer on the surface to dissipate energy, and water flow carrying silt flows through the elastic cushion layer during flood discharge, so that the kinetic energy of dispersed water flow can be effectively consumed to reduce damage to a water bank slope protection, and meanwhile, part of suspended sediment particles can flow to a bottom plate through gaps between the energy dissipation units, so that the suspended sediment particles are filtered, and the downstream water quality is improved.
2. The filtering area in the gravel cleaning system can effectively filter large particle bed load in water flow, most of kinetic energy is lost after the water flow flowing through the energy dissipation area passes through energy dissipation, large particle gravel in the water flow stays in the filtering columns which are distributed at intervals, the safety coefficient of a downstream river channel is greatly improved, the damage of a downstream building is reduced, the maintenance cost of a water bank revetment is reduced, and the downstream environment is improved.
3. The elastic cushion of the gravel cleaning system is made of rubber leather cushions, the rubber leather cushions can be waste tires, the manufacturing cost is low, the structure is simple, the implementation is easy, the waste is utilized, and the environment is protected.
4. The gravel cleaning system of the utility model fixes the elastic cushion on the wooden layer, which is not only beneficial to the fixation of the elastic cushion, but also improves the shock absorption performance of the energy dissipation unit.
5. The gravel cleaning system is provided with the partition wall lower than the concrete upright post between the energy dissipation area and the filtering area, so that suspended sediment particles filtered out of the energy dissipation area are prevented from entering the downstream and the damage of sediment to the concrete support post is prevented.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structure of embodiment 1 of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the energy dissipating unit of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a filter unit according to the present utility model;
the marks in the figure: 1. 2 parts of flood discharge ports, 201 parts of energy dissipation units, 201 parts of concrete upright posts, 202 parts of concrete frame beams, 203 parts of wood plate layers, 204 parts of elastic cushion layers, 205 parts of gaps A and 3 parts of filter units, 301 parts of concrete support columns, 302 parts of concrete beams, 303 parts of cobbles, 304 parts of gaps B and 4 parts of water storage towers, 5 parts of bottom plates, 6 parts of tunnels, 7 parts of partition walls.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the utility model is further described below with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the gravel cleaning system of the present utility model is provided at the position of the water drop point discharged through the flood discharge port 1, and comprises a bottom plate 5 and an energy dissipation zone and a filtering zone which are sequentially provided on the bottom plate 5 according to the flow direction of the flood discharge water; as shown in fig. 2, the energy dissipation area is composed of a plurality of energy dissipation units 2 parallel to each other, and a gap a205 is formed between two adjacent energy dissipation units 2, each energy dissipation unit 2 includes two concrete columns 201 symmetrically arranged on a bottom plate 5 and a concrete frame beam 202 connecting the tops of the two concrete columns 201 into a whole, the included angle between the concrete frame beam 202 and flood discharge water is 0 °, and an elastic cushion 204 is arranged on the top of the concrete frame beam 202 through a wood plate layer 203 so as to dissipate energy of the suspended substances by using the elastic cushion 204; as shown in fig. 3, the filtering area comprises a plurality of filtering units 3 parallel to each other, a gap B304 is formed between every two adjacent filtering units 3, each filtering unit 3 comprises a plurality of concrete support columns 301 positioned on the same straight line, the tops of the concrete support columns 301 are connected into a whole by a concrete beam 302, the included angle between the concrete beam 302 and the concrete frame beam 202 is 90 degrees, and cobbles 303 with different sizes are uniformly paved on the surface of the concrete beam 302; a partition wall 7 lower than the concrete girder 202 is arranged between the energy dissipation area and the filtering area and is perpendicular to flood discharge water flow; a water storage tower 4 is arranged on one side of the energy dissipation area and one side of the filtering area, and an gallery 6 is arranged on the other side of the energy dissipation area and the filtering area, wherein clean water discharged by the water storage tower 4 respectively washes the lower positions of the energy dissipation area and the filtering area on the bottom plate 5, and the wash water is discharged into the gallery 6; the bottom plate 5 is an inclined bottom plate and is inclined from the side provided with the water storage tower 4 to the side provided with the tunnel 6.
The elastic cushion 204 is a rubber cushion, the thickness of the rubber cushion is 1-3 cm, and is best waste tires, the tires and the wood board layer 203 are fixed through steel bars, waste utilization can be carried out, the manufacturing cost is reduced, the length of the elastic cushion 204 is about 2m, the width of the elastic cushion is about 20cm, the interval A205 between the two energy dissipation units 2 is about 5-10 cm, the rubber cushion of the tires is arranged on the wood board layer 203, the tire leather is not only beneficial to fixing the tires, but also the shock absorption performance of the energy dissipation units 2 is improved, and then the bottom of the wood board layer 203 is pre-coated with high-strength anti-erosion concrete upright posts 201 and concrete frame beams 202 so as to avoid uncontrollable safety accidents caused by the corrosion of the wood board layer 203; the isolation layer 7 is formed by concrete placement, and length is unanimous with the width of flood discharge mouth 1, and isolation layer 7 is isolated energy dissipation district and filtration district, prevents that the silt of filtering out from getting into the low reaches and prevent the erosion damage of silt to the filtration district, and one side that the filtration district was kept away from to concrete column 201 is in the same place with the lining of floodgate flood discharge mouth 1, improves local stability.
The length of the filtering units 3 is consistent with the width of the flood discharge port 1, the width is about 30cm, the interval B304 between the two filtering units 2 is 5-10 cm, cobbles 303 with different sizes are uniformly paved on the surface of the concrete beam 302, the erosion resistance of the concrete surface is improved, and the roughness of the surface is favorable for enabling sand and gravel with different particle sizes in water flow to pass through gaps more easily and not be taken away by the water flow.
The using method of the system comprises the following steps: when the sluice is opened and water is discharged, the sand and stone material passes through the energy dissipation area to eliminate a part of kinetic energy, and after bouncing, the sand and stone material passes through the filtering area, and large-particle sand and stone and suspended solids and part of sand can permeate to the bottom plate 5 below through gaps of the energy dissipation unit 2 due to the reduction of the kinetic energy; when passing through the filtering area, as the cobblestone 303 is laid on the surface of the concrete beam 302, the erosion resistance performance of the surface of the concrete beam 302 is improved, substances such as sand gravel, bed load and the like are facilitated to permeate into the bottom plate 5 through gaps, a plurality of water inlets which are the same as the flood discharge water flow direction are formed in one side of the bottom plate 5 adjacent to the water storage tower, when the flood discharge is carried out through the flood discharge inlet 1, a gate at the water storage tower 4 is closed to prevent the discharged water from entering the water inlets, after the water discharge is finished, the gate at the water storage tower 4 is opened, water in the water storage tower 4 flows through a pipeline such as the water inlets, and sediment particles filtered on the inclined bottom plate 5 are flushed into the tunnel 6. Because the kinetic energy of flood discharge water flow is reduced, the water flow speed is slowed down, a part of suspended solids, bed load and other sediment are adsorbed on the surfaces of the energy dissipation unit 2 and the filtering unit 3, and after the water discharge is finished, the water is manually cleaned.
The utility model is not limited to this embodiment, which is only the best embodiment, and the energy dissipation area and the filtering area can be adjusted according to different flood discharge ports of different rivers without departing from the utility model.
Claims (5)
1. A gravel cleaning system for flood discharge, which is arranged at a position of a water flow expansion store discharged through a flood discharge port (1), characterized in that: the system comprises a bottom plate (5), and an energy dissipation area and a filtering area which are sequentially arranged on the bottom plate (5) according to the flow direction of flood discharge water; the energy dissipation area consists of a plurality of energy dissipation units (2) which are parallel to each other, a gap A (205) is formed between every two adjacent energy dissipation units (2), each energy dissipation unit (2) comprises two concrete upright posts (201) which are symmetrically arranged on a bottom plate (5) and a concrete frame beam (202) which connects the tops of the two concrete upright posts (201) into a whole, one side of the concrete upright posts (201) far away from the filtering area is lined with a floodgate flood discharge port (1), the concrete frame beam (202) forms an included angle of 0-60 degrees with the flood discharge flow direction, and the tops of the concrete frame beams (202) are provided with elastic cushion layers (204) through wood plate layers (203) so as to dissipate energy of suspended substances by using the elastic cushion layers (204); the filtering area comprises a plurality of filtering units (3) which are parallel to each other, gaps B (304) are reserved between every two adjacent filtering units (3), each filtering unit (3) comprises a plurality of concrete supporting columns (301) which are positioned on the same straight line, the tops of the concrete supporting columns (301) are connected into a whole by a concrete beam (302), the included angle between the concrete beam (302) and the concrete frame beam (202) is 60-120 degrees, cobbles (303) with different sizes are uniformly paved on the surface of the concrete beam (302) so as to filter the thrust by using the cobbles (303); a partition wall (7) lower than the concrete frame beam (202) is arranged between the energy dissipation area and the filtering area and is perpendicular to flood discharge water flow, the partition wall (7) is formed by pouring concrete, the length of the partition wall is consistent with the width of the flood discharge port (1), and the partition wall (7) isolates the energy dissipation area from the filtering area; one side of the energy dissipation area and one side of the filtering area are provided with water storage towers (4), and the other side of the energy dissipation area and the filtering area are provided with tunnels (6), wherein clean water discharged by the water storage towers (4) respectively washes the lower positions of the energy dissipation area and the filtering area on the bottom plate (5), and the flushing water is discharged into the tunnels (6).
2. A flood discharge gravel cleaning system according to claim 1, wherein: the elastic cushion layer (204) is a rubber cushion, and the rubber cushion and the wood plate layer (203) are fixed through steel bars.
3. A flood discharge gravel cleaning system according to claim 1, wherein: the ratio between the width of the energy dissipation units (2) and the gap A (205) is 4:1-2:1.
4. A flood discharge gravel cleaning system according to claim 1, wherein: the ratio between the width of the plurality of filtering units (3) and the gap B (304) is 6:1-3:1.
5. A flood discharge gravel cleaning system according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom plate (5) is inclined from the side provided with the water storage tower (4) to the side provided with the tunnel (6).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910267875.0A CN109826165B (en) | 2019-04-03 | 2019-04-03 | Gravel cleaning system for flood discharge |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910267875.0A CN109826165B (en) | 2019-04-03 | 2019-04-03 | Gravel cleaning system for flood discharge |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109826165A CN109826165A (en) | 2019-05-31 |
| CN109826165B true CN109826165B (en) | 2024-02-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201910267875.0A Active CN109826165B (en) | 2019-04-03 | 2019-04-03 | Gravel cleaning system for flood discharge |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112717489B (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2024-05-03 | 华北水利水电大学 | Sediment removal and dredging device of sediment tank |
| CN114960564B (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2023-12-01 | 常州市武进第一水利机械有限公司 | Multi-stage water level self-adjusting headstock gear based on two-way circulation |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0579026A (en) * | 1991-09-13 | 1993-03-30 | Nippon Kaijo Koji Kk | Abrasion-resistant asphalt mat |
| CN105735208A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-07-06 | 叶兴 | Dam exceeding-standard flood diversion siphon frieze group |
| CN105862685A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-08-17 | 国网新疆电力公司疆南供电公司 | Energy dissipation strip type flood discharge device |
| CN209836953U (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-12-24 | 华北水利水电大学 | Gravel cleaning system for flood discharge |
-
2019
- 2019-04-03 CN CN201910267875.0A patent/CN109826165B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0579026A (en) * | 1991-09-13 | 1993-03-30 | Nippon Kaijo Koji Kk | Abrasion-resistant asphalt mat |
| CN105735208A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-07-06 | 叶兴 | Dam exceeding-standard flood diversion siphon frieze group |
| CN105862685A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-08-17 | 国网新疆电力公司疆南供电公司 | Energy dissipation strip type flood discharge device |
| CN209836953U (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-12-24 | 华北水利水电大学 | Gravel cleaning system for flood discharge |
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| CN109826165A (en) | 2019-05-31 |
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