CN215629718U - Ecological combined dam giving consideration to flood control, waterlogging drainage and non-point source pollution control of small and medium river channels in cities - Google Patents
Ecological combined dam giving consideration to flood control, waterlogging drainage and non-point source pollution control of small and medium river channels in cities Download PDFInfo
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- CN215629718U CN215629718U CN202121972158.7U CN202121972158U CN215629718U CN 215629718 U CN215629718 U CN 215629718U CN 202121972158 U CN202121972158 U CN 202121972158U CN 215629718 U CN215629718 U CN 215629718U
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological combined dam giving consideration to flood control and drainage of small and medium river channels in cities and non-point source pollution control.A front Bingge gabion foot protector, a water facing area, a filtering area, a backwater area and a rear Bingge gabion foot protector are sequentially arranged along the water flow direction, the outer surfaces of the front Bingge gabion foot protector, the water facing area, the filtering area, the backwater area and the rear Bingge gabion foot protector are all enclosed into independent metal mesh cages by metal meshes, and pebbles are filled in the metal mesh cages of the front Bingge gabion foot protector, the water facing area, the filtering area, the backwater area and the rear Bingge gabion foot protector; the filtering area consists of one or more metal net cages, and a filtering material formed by uniformly mixing volcanic rock, ceramsite, activated carbon and rare earth element modified clinoptilolite is filled in the metal net cages. The invention has good pollutant purification effect and high removal efficiency of main pollutants in initial rainwater. The land occupation area is small, the outflow capacity is strong, the concealment is good, and the side of the dam at the top of the dam can be used for greening.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flood control and drainage and pollution control, in particular to an ecological combined dam giving consideration to flood control and drainage and non-point source pollution control of small and medium river channels in cities.
Background
The urban construction process is accelerated, the work of sewage interception and storage pipes is continuously promoted, most of main causes of urban water pollution degradation are gradually changed from point source pollution to surface source pollution, and therefore the urban surface source pollution problem caused by rainwater runoff and surface pollutants is concerned more and more. Compared with urban point source pollution, the urban non-point source pollution collected by the rainwater pipe network and intensively discharged through the rainwater outlet has strong randomness and wide pollution range and is difficult to control, the pollution degree is serious along with the accumulation of surface pollutants on sunny days and the increase of the proportion of urban impervious area, and the urban non-point source pollution is one of the main reasons that the urban river water quality cannot reach the planning target.
The existing invention and related technologies mostly pay attention to source emission reduction, such as sponge city construction, wetland construction and the like, and the treatment measures only have a certain emission reduction effect on the overflowing rainwater, but have limited pollution control capability on rainwater intensively discharged from the tail end of a rainwater pipe network, poor pertinence to pollutants, and are easily influenced by factors such as insufficient environment and plant tolerance. However, a few treatment measures for the rainwater runoff pollution at the tail end of a pipe network, such as a large-scale regulation and storage tank, flocculation treatment, a sedimentation tank and the like, are all limited by objective reasons of limited peripheral fields in a built-up area of a city, difficult large-scale construction, insufficient power supply capacity, complex daily operation and maintenance management, shortage of operation and maintenance personnel, high operation cost and the like, and cannot be widely popularized in urban water runoff pollution control in China.
Research shows that pollutants in initial rainwater generally account for more than 80% of all pollutants in the whole rainfall, SS (total suspended matters) is the main contribution of total COD (chemical oxygen demand), and the proportion of dissolved COD is low. Therefore, the bioretention facilities are often limited in treatment effect, and have the defects of long hydraulic retention time, high requirement on water distribution uniformity, complex operation management and control and the like. More importantly, due to factors such as design and construction technology, construction cost and city natural slope, rainwater drainage in some old cities is usually in a self-flowing drainage mode, a rainwater drainage port at the tail end of a pipe network is even submerged below the normal water level of a river channel, so that the outflow capacity is insufficient, and the drainage capacity of the urban rainwater pipe network is further limited by complicated rainwater runoff pollution treatment measures.
Therefore, the application of the rapid sedimentation and filtration technology to rapid treatment and utilization of urban initial rainwater runoff has reference, demonstration and popularization significance.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the ecological combined dam which gives consideration to flood control and drainage of small and medium river channels in cities and non-point source pollution control.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
according to the ecological combined dam considering flood control and waterlogging drainage of small and medium-sized urban riverways and non-point source pollution control, front Bingge gabion guard feet, a water facing area, a filtering area, a backwater area and rear Bingge gabion guard feet are sequentially arranged along the water flow direction, the surfaces of the front Bingge gabion guard feet, the water facing area, the filtering area, the backwater area and the rear Bingge gabion guard feet are all enclosed into independent metal mesh cages by metal meshes, and pebbles are filled in the metal mesh cages of the front Bingge gabion guard feet, the water facing area, the filtering area, the backwater area and the rear Bingge gabion guard feet; the filtering area consists of one or more metal net cages, and a filtering material formed by uniformly mixing volcanic rock, ceramsite, activated carbon and rare earth element modified clinoptilolite is filled in the metal net cages; a Reynolds protection pad is arranged at the top of the filtering area, and the Reynolds protection pad is a metal mesh cage filled with pebbles inside; rubber waterstops are arranged at the bottoms of the water-facing area, the filtering area and the water-backing area; and backwashing air pipelines are embedded in the water facing area and the filtering area and consist of a main air inlet pipe, a distribution pipe and a plurality of porous backwashing air branch pipes, and the main air inlet pipe is communicated with the movable air blower.
The particle size of the pebbles is 5-10 cm.
And the metal net cage is internally provided with a separation net.
The diameter of the metal mesh is not higher than 14#, the diameter of the side wire is not higher than 12#, and the diameter of the combined wire is not higher than 15 #; mesh specification is 60-90 mm; the adjacent upper and lower frame lines and four corners are bound by combined wires or binding wires at intervals of 150-350 mm.
The width and the length of the Reynolds protection pad are both consistent with those of the filtering zone, and the height of the Reynolds protection pad can be 1/8-1/4 of the height of the filtering zone.
The height of the filtering area is 50-300mm higher than the normal water level of the riverway.
The upper surfaces of the front and rear guest-lattice gabion foot protectors are provided with foot protector mesh cage upper covers; a water-carrying area net cage upper cover is arranged on the upper surface of the water-carrying area; and the upper surface of the water-facing area is provided with a water-facing area net cage upper cover.
And a back flush air pipeline is also embedded in the back water area.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that:
1. the impact pollution of urban rainwater runoff on a receiving water body is reduced, and the urban rainwater runoff and the receiving water body are also effective supplement of water resources.
2. The pollutant purification effect is good, and the removal efficiency of main pollutants in the initial rainwater is high.
3. The rainwater pipeline network has the advantages that the occupied area is small, the outflow capacity is strong, the concealment is good, the dam top and the dam side can be greened, the ecological environment can be improved, the water quality purification and promotion, the hydrophilic landscape decoration and other requirements can be met on the premise that the basic functions of flood control, waterlogging drainage and the like of the rainwater pipeline network are guaranteed, and rainwater resources can be continuously utilized and the ecological environment of the storage water body is healthily and tightly combined.
4. No power consumption in operation, so that the investment of comprehensive engineering is less, the operation cost is low, the water impact load resistance of the system is strong, the operation is simple, and the maintenance is easy.
5. Can also be used for purifying the river water body.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an internal cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a metal mesh cage layout;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of pebble and filter material filling;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a backwash air line;
FIG. 6 is a top layout view of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of front and rear Bingge gabion foot protectors;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a cage in a backwater area;
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a net cage in a water-facing area;
fig. 10 is a large picture of a filter area net cage.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1-10, the ecological combined dam considering flood control, waterlogging drainage and non-point source pollution control of small and medium river channels in cities is sequentially provided with a front guest-lattice gabion guard leg 1, a water-facing area 2, a filtering area 3, a backwater area 4 and a rear guest-lattice gabion guard leg 5 along a water flow direction, the outer surfaces of the front guest-lattice gabion guard leg 1, the water-facing area 2, the filtering area 3, the backwater area 4 and the rear guest-lattice gabion guard leg 5 are all surrounded by metal meshes to form an independent metal mesh cage a, and the metal mesh cages of the front guest-lattice gabion guard leg, the water-facing area, the filtering area, the backwater area and the rear guest-lattice gabion guard leg are filled with pebbles b; the filtering area 3 consists of one or more metal net cages, and a filtering material c formed by uniformly mixing volcanic rock, ceramsite, activated carbon and rare earth element modified clinoptilolite is filled in the metal net cages; a Reynolds protection pad 31 is arranged at the top of the filtering area 3, and is a metal mesh cage filled with pebbles inside; the bottoms of the water-facing area, the filtering area and the water-backing area are provided with rubber waterstops 6; and a backwashing air pipeline 7 is embedded in the water facing area and the filtering area, the backwashing air pipeline 7 consists of a main air inlet pipe 71, a distribution pipe 72 and a plurality of porous backwashing air branch pipes 73, and the main air inlet pipe is communicated with a movable air blower.
Furthermore, the particle size of the pebbles is 5-10 cm.
Further, the inside of the metal net cage a is provided with a separation net a 1.
Further, the diameter of the metal mesh should not be higher than 14#, the diameter of the side wire should not be higher than 12#, and the diameter of the combined wire should not be higher than 15 #; mesh specification is 60-90 mm; the adjacent upper and lower frame lines and four corners are bound by combined wires or binding wires at intervals of 150-350 mm.
Further, the width and the length of the Reynolds cushion are consistent with those of the filtering zone, and the height of the Reynolds cushion can be 1/8-1/4 of the height of the filtering zone.
Furthermore, the height of the filtering area is 50-300mm higher than the normal water level of the riverway.
Furthermore, the upper surfaces of the front and rear guest-grid gabion foot protectors are provided with foot protector mesh cage upper covers; a water-carrying area net cage upper cover is arranged on the upper surface of the water-carrying area; and the upper surface of the water-facing area is provided with a water-facing area net cage upper cover.
Furthermore, a back flush air pipeline is also embedded in the back water area.
Example two
The ecological filtering dam is integrally composed of steel wire meshes with different specifications, in order to prolong the service life of the filtering dam, steel wires used by the steel wire meshes are aluminum plated alloy wires, zinc-aluminum alloy wires, electroplated aluminum-magnesium alloy wires and the like, the diameter of the steel wire meshes is not higher than 14#, the diameter of side wires is not higher than 12#, and the diameter of a combined wire is not higher than 15 #. The mesh specification is 60~90 mm. The adjacent upper and lower frame lines and four corners must be bound by combined wires or binding wires, and the interval is preferably 150-350 mm.
Except the filtering area, pebbles with the particle size of 5-10cm are filled in the Bingge gabion, the Reynolds protection pad, the water facing area and the water backing area, and are placed in the vertical direction of water outlet of the rainwater outlet after being filled in the alloy wire mesh cage.
Before the dam body is installed, the peripheral area of the dam body to be installed is cleaned, and if gaps exist among the net cages after the dam body is installed, M10 mortar is used for filling and compacting.
In order to ensure the stability and the filtering effect of the filtering dam, the mounting position of the filtering dam is recommended to be within 2-5m of the water outlet, the width of the water-facing surface is preferably 2-5 times of the diameter of the water outlet, and the slope of the water-facing area is preferably 1: 1.5-1: 3. In order to reduce the shielding of the filtering dam on the water passing section, the gradient of the backwater area is preferably 1: 0.5-1: 2 and is larger than that of the water facing area. The two sides of the filter dam are provided with the angle protectors of the Bingge gabion, the height of the angle protectors is 1/5-1/3 of the height of the dam body, the width of the angle protectors is consistent with the width of the dam, the length of the angle protectors can be adjusted according to the water passing impact force, and the angle protectors are 300-800 mm. In order to maintain the stability of the appearance structure of the steel wire cage, the steel wire cage at each position is internally provided with a separation net.
The filtering area is located in the middle of the filtering dam, the width of the filtering area is equal to that of the filtering dam, the length of the filtering area can be adjusted according to the water quality of the outlet water, the length is preferably 500-1500 mm, and if the filtering area is too long, the overflowing resistance is increased, and the drainage of stagnant water is affected. The height of the filtering area is preferably adjusted according to the height of the discharge port, the rainwater discharge amount and the normal water level of the river channel, and is preferably 50-300mm higher than the normal water level of the river channel. The filter area is composed of one or more aluminum-plated alloy wire cage boxes, and filter materials which are formed by uniformly mixing volcanic rocks (40-60%, 3-5 cm), ceramsite (20-40%, 2-5 cm), activated carbon (10-20%, 1-5cm, strength 93-97%, specific surface area 800-. Considering that the average density of the filter materials in the net cage of the filtering area is low, in order to maintain the stability of the structure and the position of the net cage, a Reynolds protection pad is arranged at the top of the filtering area, the width and the length of the Reynolds protection pad are consistent with those of the filtering area, and the height of the Reynolds protection pad can be 1/8-1/4 of the height of the filtering area. The Reynolds protection pad is a metal mesh cage filled with pebbles.
In order to prevent the dam from being damaged by water flow impact displacement, non-uniform sedimentation at the bottom of a river channel and groundwater level change, a rubber waterstop is arranged below the dam.
Back flushing air pipelines are buried in the water facing area and the filtering area, and each back flushing pipeline consists of a main air inlet pipe, a distribution pipe and a plurality of porous back flushing air branch pipes. The material of the back flushing pipeline can be selected from various materials such as PE polyethylene pipes, steel pipes and the like, the aperture ratio of the porous back flushing air pipeline can be 10-30%, the aperture is 10-30 mm, the distance between the branch pipes is 500-2000mm, and the back flushing pressure is supplied by the movable air blower.
After the higher initial stage rainwater of pollution load flows out from the rainwater pipe, at first lead to the effect of blocking water of filtering the dam, reduce the velocity of flow, partial large granule pollutant will subside before the dam, and the initial stage rainwater will be further purified through the filtration interception effect of the cobble of meeting water district and filtering area and filter material afterwards, and the water is accomodate in the row. And when rainfall further increases, behind dam is higher than straining the dam gradually to the water level before the dam, the lower rainwater of pollution load will directly cross and strain the dam, flows into fast and accomodates the water to play and realize that rainwater pipe network design resumes period, prevent urban waterlogging, guarantee urban safety's purpose.
When the filter dam intercepts excessive pollutants and the filtering capacity is reduced, the portable air blower can be used for supplying air to the backwashing system through the hose, the shearing to the filter material particles is generated by the rising of bubbles, the friction and the collision among the filter material particles reinforced by the filling of the surrounding filter material particles due to the vacancy of the bubbles passing through a certain part of the filter layer are realized, and the impurities intercepted in the filter layer fall off from the filter material particles due to the friction and the disturbance of the bubbles to the filter layer in the rising process. The cleaning is preferably carried out in non-rainy seasons, because concentrated non-point source pollution cannot enter the river channel at that time, and the self-cleaning capacity cannot be exceeded even if the pollutants are flushed out. A rubber dam can also be arranged around the floater to surround the floater, and then the floater is manually cleaned.
EXAMPLE III
In rainy season, after initial rainwater with higher pollution load flows out of the rainwater pipe, the initial rainwater is firstly intercepted by the water facing area, so that the water level in front of the dam is blocked, the effect of increasing the water head before filtering is achieved, and the initial rainwater passes through the gravel gap in the water facing area, so that the purposes of uniformly distributing water and reducing the flow rate are achieved. Then, the initial stage rainwater after the uniform water distribution gets rid of pollutants such as SS, COD of the particulate form that mix with in the rainwater through the interception, the adsorption of mixed filter material in the filtering area, and quality of water obtains purifying the back, and the water is accomodate in the drainage of way in the back of the body area. The gabion then plays fixed filter material in the back of the body water district, reduces and accomodates the water to the purpose of straining the dam impact effect, and the pollutant that also can avoid holding back simultaneously is washed out by rivers, pollutes the river course. And when rainfall further increases, behind the harmony high water level surpassed the dam height gradually in front of the dam, the lower rainwater of pollution load will directly cross the filter dam, flows into fast and accomodates the water to play and realize that rainwater pipe network design resumes the period, prevent urban waterlogging, guarantee urban safety's purpose.
In non-rainy season, when the riverway water body flows through the filtering dam, the carried particulate pollutants can be intercepted by the filtering dam, thereby playing a role in filtering and purifying the riverway water body.
And (3) operating and maintaining mode: according to the situation that the filtering dam is blocked due to overflowing, after effective rainfall is carried out every 10-15 fields, equipment such as a water pump and a blower can be connected with a filtering dam pipeline system through a hose to carry out backwashing on the filtering dam.
The engineering example shows that the reduction rate of SS, COD, TN, NH3-N and TP in the rainwater runoff discharged into the receiving water body can reach 48.1%, 25.2%, 14.9%, 16.6% and 33.3% respectively, and the filter dam has better reduction capability for urban non-point source pollution.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that are within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an compromise ecological combination dam of medium and small river course flood control waterlogging drainage and non-point source pollution control in city which characterized in that: the outer surfaces of the front guest-grid gabion foot protector, the water-facing area, the filtering area, the backwater area and the rear guest-grid gabion foot protector are all enclosed into an independent metal mesh cage by adopting metal meshes, and pebbles are filled in the metal mesh cages of the front guest-grid gabion foot protector, the water-facing area, the filtering area, the backwater area and the rear guest-grid gabion foot protector; the filtering area consists of one or more metal net cages, and a filtering material formed by uniformly mixing volcanic rock, ceramsite, activated carbon and rare earth element modified clinoptilolite is filled in the metal net cage of the filtering area; a Reynolds protection pad is arranged at the top of the filtering area, and the Reynolds protection pad is a metal mesh cage filled with pebbles inside; rubber waterstops are arranged at the bottoms of the water-facing area, the filtering area and the water-backing area; and backwashing air pipelines are embedded in the water facing area and the filtering area and consist of a main air inlet pipe, a distribution pipe and a plurality of porous backwashing air branch pipes, and the main air inlet pipe is communicated with the movable air blower.
2. The ecological combined dam combining flood control and drainage of small and medium river channels in cities and non-point source pollution control according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the particle size of the pebbles is 5-10 cm.
3. The ecological combined dam combining flood control and drainage of small and medium river channels in cities and non-point source pollution control according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and the metal net cage is internally provided with a separation net.
4. The ecological combined dam combining flood control and drainage of small and medium river channels in cities and non-point source pollution control according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the diameter of the metal mesh is not higher than 14#, the diameter of the side wire is not higher than 12#, and the diameter of the combined wire is not higher than 15 #; mesh specification is 60-90 mm; the adjacent upper and lower frame lines and four corners are bound by combined wires or binding wires at intervals of 150-350 mm.
5. The ecological combined dam combining flood control and drainage of small and medium river channels in cities and non-point source pollution control according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the width and the length of the Reynolds protection pad are both consistent with those of the filtering zone, and the height of the Reynolds protection pad can be 1/8-1/4 of the height of the filtering zone.
6. The ecological combined dam combining flood control and drainage of small and medium river channels in cities and non-point source pollution control according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the height of the filtering area is 50-300mm higher than the normal water level of the riverway.
7. The ecological combined dam combining flood control and drainage of small and medium river channels in cities and non-point source pollution control according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the upper surfaces of the front and rear guest-lattice gabion foot protectors are provided with foot protector mesh cage upper covers; a water-carrying area net cage upper cover is arranged on the upper surface of the water-carrying area; and the upper surface of the water-facing area is provided with a water-facing area net cage upper cover.
8. The ecological combined dam combining flood control and drainage of small and medium river channels in cities and non-point source pollution control according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and a backwashing air pipeline is embedded in the backwater area.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121972158.7U CN215629718U (en) | 2021-08-21 | 2021-08-21 | Ecological combined dam giving consideration to flood control, waterlogging drainage and non-point source pollution control of small and medium river channels in cities |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121972158.7U CN215629718U (en) | 2021-08-21 | 2021-08-21 | Ecological combined dam giving consideration to flood control, waterlogging drainage and non-point source pollution control of small and medium river channels in cities |
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| CN215629718U true CN215629718U (en) | 2022-01-25 |
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| CN202121972158.7U Active CN215629718U (en) | 2021-08-21 | 2021-08-21 | Ecological combined dam giving consideration to flood control, waterlogging drainage and non-point source pollution control of small and medium river channels in cities |
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