WO2021147322A1

WO2021147322A1 - Hydrogen circulating pump assembly and fuel cell using same

Info

Publication number: WO2021147322A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/112386
Authority: WO
Inventors: 刘小青; 邓佳; 赵勇富
Original assignee: 中山大洋电机股份有限公司
Priority date: 2020-01-21
Filing date: 2020-08-31
Publication date: 2021-07-29

Abstract

Disclosed are a hydrogen circulating pump assembly and a fuel cell. The hydrogen circulating pump assembly comprises a hydrogen circulating pump (100), wherein the hydrogen circulating pump (100) comprises an electric motor, a wind wheel and a pump shell (1), a pump cavity is provided in the pump shell (1), the wind wheel is installed in the pump cavity, the electric motor drives the wind wheel to rotate, a gas inlet (11) and a gas outlet (12) are provided in the pump shell (1), the pump cavity is in communication with the gas inlet (11) and the gas outlet (12), the gas inlet (11) is connected to a heating device (2), and the gas outlet (12) is connected to a filtering device (3); and recovered gas is firstly treated by means of the heating device (2), then enters the hydrogen circulating pump (100), reaches the filtering device (3) from the gas outlet (12) of the hydrogen circulating pump (100), and is discharged after same is treated by means of the filtering device (3), such that the technical problem of water in a hydrogen circulating system being frozen when same is in a low-temperature state is solved, and extra power consumption of the whole system is reduced, the efficiency of the whole system is improved, energy is saved on, and the cost is reduced. The filtering device is connected to the gas outlet, such that ice particles are prevented from being output to a stack of the fuel cell without being completely melted, and the safety and reliability are better.

Description

Hydrogen circulating pump assembly and fuel cell used therefor

Technical field:

The invention relates to a hydrogen circulation pump assembly and a fuel cell used in the same.

Background technique:

A fuel cell is an electrochemical reaction device that uses hydrogen and oxygen in the air as the reactant gases at the anode and cathode respectively, and generates electricity through a catalytic reaction, and produces water without any pollution. Fuel cells have the characteristics of clean, high-efficiency, pollution-free, high energy efficiency, and high reliability. They have broad application prospects in the fields of backup power supplies, small and medium-sized power stations, base station power supplies, and new energy vehicles. Especially in terms of new energy vehicles, electric vehicles powered by fuel cells are the focus of development in countries around the world, and it is also one of the ultimate solutions to replace fuel-fueled vehicles' power sources in the future.

With the development of economy and technological progress, electric vehicles with fuel cells as the power system for vehicles will gradually become popular and gradually enter our lives. The best operating temperature inside the fuel cell is 70-80℃, but the temperature in the environment we live in is not static. From the location of the ground, the temperature difference between north and south is huge, and the temperature difference between winter and summer is huge from the seasonal change. The temperature change can be changed from -50°C to +50°C. The fuel cell system uses the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen to produce pollution-free water. This is its advantage, but it is also a disadvantage from another point of view. Water will quickly freeze in an environment below 0°C. . This brings great challenges to fuel cell systems operating in low-temperature environments. How to solve the normal start-up and operation of the fuel cell at low temperature is an urgent problem to be solved. As an important part of the fuel cell system, the hydrogen circulation system will also produce some water during operation. In the low temperature state, how to ensure that the water in the hydrogen circulation system does not freeze and can be quickly discharged is also one of the urgent problems to be solved.

The fuel cell hydrogen circulation system mainly includes a hydrogen tank, a pressure reducing valve, a proportional valve, a hydrogen circulation pump, an electric stack, a pressure sensor and other components. At present, most methods on the market to solve the problem that the generated water does not freeze when the hydrogen circulation system is in a low temperature state is to heat the hydrogen circulation pump. Although this method can achieve a certain effect, because of the large volume of the hydrogen circulating pump, it takes a huge amount of extra energy to heat the hydrogen circulating pump.

In addition, the U.S. Department of Energy proposed specific technical indicators for the start-up process of fuel cells in a sub-zero temperature environment in 2010: at -20°C, the fuel cell reaches 90% of the rated power within 30s after start-up. Low-temperature startup and quick startup require rapid heating of the hydrogen circulation system. At this time, the entire vehicle battery pack needs to be powered to heat the hydrogen circulation pump. Under low temperature conditions, the performance of the entire vehicle battery pack will be greatly reduced. Heating the hydrogen circulation pump will greatly increase the burden on the vehicle battery system. Furthermore, the outer surface of most hydrogen circulation pumps is designed with irregular shapes, and it is difficult to arrange a large area heating plate on the surface.

Summary of the invention:

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen circulation pump and a fuel cell used in the same, to solve the technical problem of water freezing in a hydrogen circulation system under low temperature conditions in the prior art, while reducing the additional power consumption of the entire system and improving the overall system Efficiency, energy saving and cost reduction.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A hydrogen circulating pump assembly includes a hydrogen circulating pump. The hydrogen circulating pump includes a motor, a wind wheel and a pump casing. The pump casing is provided with a pump cavity. The wind wheel is installed in the pump cavity. The motor drives the wind wheel to rotate. The pump casing is provided with a pump cavity. The gas inlet and the gas outlet, the pump cavity is connected with the gas inlet and the gas outlet, characterized in that: the gas inlet is connected with a heating device, the gas outlet is connected with a filter device, the recovered gas is first processed by the heating device and then enters the hydrogen circulation pump, and The gas outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump reaches the filter device, and is discharged after being processed by the filter device.

The above-mentioned heating device is activated when the temperature of the recovered gas is lower than a certain set value T1, and when the temperature of the recovered gas is higher than a certain set value T2, the heating device is shut down.

The heating device described above includes an electric heating element and a casing. The casing is installed at the air inlet of the pump casing. The electric heating element is installed at the bottom of the casing. The casing is provided with a cavity. The air inlet and the drain are arranged in the casing. On the body, the cavity is in communication with the air inlet and the drain, and the cavity of the cavity is in communication with the air inlet of the pump casing.

The above-mentioned cavity includes a water storage cavity and an air storage cavity. The position of the water storage cavity is lower than the position of the air storage cavity, the air inlet is connected with the air storage cavity, and the drainage port is connected with the water storage cavity.

The housing is provided with a sensor mounting hole, and the temperature sensor penetrates the sensor mounting hole into the air storage cavity.

The above-mentioned pump casing is provided with a first installation platform, the first installation platform is provided with a plurality of second installation holes, and the casing is provided with a plurality of first installation holes corresponding to the second installation holes. The mounting hole and the second mounting hole lock the casing on the pump casing.

A first sealing ring is installed between the above-mentioned housing and the pump housing, the end surface of the housing is provided with a first sealing groove, and the first sealing ring is installed in the first sealing groove.

The above-mentioned filter device includes a mounting seat, a filter screen and an air outlet. The mounting seat is provided with an accommodation cavity, the filter screen is installed in the accommodation cavity, the air outlet is installed on the mounting seat, and the air outlet is provided with an accommodation cavity Connected exhaust port.

The above-mentioned pump casing is provided with a second installation platform, the second installation platform is provided with a plurality of fourth installation holes, and the installation seat is provided with a plurality of third installation holes corresponding to the fourth installation holes. The mounting hole and the fourth mounting hole lock the casing on the pump casing.

A second sealing ring is installed between the mounting seat and the pump casing, a second sealing groove is provided on the end surface of the mounting seat, and the second sealing ring is installed in the second sealing groove.

A fuel cell includes a fuel cell controller, a hydrogen supply system, an air intake system, a stack module and a hydrogen circulation pump assembly. The hydrogen outlet of the stack module is connected to the gas inlet of the hydrogen circulation pump, and the gas outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump It is connected with the hydrogen inlet of the stack module, and is characterized in that the hydrogen circulation pump assembly is the above-mentioned hydrogen circulation pump assembly.

The above-mentioned heating device includes an electric heating element and a shell. The electric heating element is installed at the bottom of the shell. A temperature sensor is installed on the shell. The electric heating element and the temperature sensor are respectively connected to the fuel cell controller. When the temperature is lower than a certain set value T1, the fuel cell controller controls the heating of the electric heating element. When the temperature of the recovered gas is higher than a certain set value T2, the fuel cell controller controls the electric heating element to stop working.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following effects:

1) The hydrogen circulating pump of the present invention includes a hydrogen circulating pump. The hydrogen circulating pump includes a motor, a wind wheel and a pump casing. The pump casing is provided with a pump cavity. The wind wheel is installed in the pump cavity. The motor drives the wind wheel to rotate. The pump casing is provided with an air inlet. And the gas outlet, the pump cavity is connected with the gas inlet and the gas outlet. It is characterized in that: the gas inlet is connected with a heating device, and the gas outlet is connected with a filter device. The recovered gas is first processed by the heating device and then enters the hydrogen circulation pump and circulates from the hydrogen. The air outlet of the pump reaches the filter device, and is discharged after being processed by the filter device. The technical solution of the present invention does not heat the entire hydrogen circulation pump, but connects a heating device to the gas inlet. The heating device has a small volume, which solves the technical problem of water freezing in the hydrogen circulation system under low temperature conditions and reduces the extra cost of the entire system. Power consumption improves the efficiency of the entire system, saves energy and reduces costs. A filter device is connected to the air outlet to prevent ice particles from being output to the fuel cell stack before being completely melted, and the safety and reliability are better.

2) Other advantages of the present invention are described in detail in the embodiment section.

Description of the drawings:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the first embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is another perspective view of the first embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 3 is an exploded view of the first embodiment of the present invention;

4 is an exploded view from another angle of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a perspective view of the housing in the first embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a perspective view of the mounting seat in the first embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 7 is a control circuit diagram of the hydrogen circulating pump assembly of the present invention;

Figure 8 is a block diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the second embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways:

Hereinafter, the present invention will be further described in detail through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Example one:

As shown in Figures 1 to 8, this embodiment provides a hydrogen circulating pump assembly, including a hydrogen circulating pump 100. The hydrogen circulating pump 100 includes a motor, a wind turbine, and a pump casing 1. The pump casing 1 is provided with a pump cavity and a wind turbine. Installed in the pump cavity, the motor drives the wind wheel to rotate. The pump casing 1 is provided with an air inlet 11 and an air outlet 12. The pump cavity is connected to the air inlet 11 and the air outlet 12, and is characterized in that the air inlet 11 is connected to a heating device 2 The gas outlet 12 is connected to a filter device 3. The recovered gas is first processed by the heating device 2 and then enters the hydrogen circulating pump 100, and reaches the filter device 3 from the gas outlet 12 of the hydrogen circulating pump 100, and is discharged after being processed by the filter device 3.

The technical solution of the present invention does not heat the entire hydrogen circulation pump, but connects a heating device to the gas inlet. The heating device has a small volume, which solves the technical problem of water freezing in the hydrogen circulation system under low temperature conditions and reduces the extra cost of the entire system. Power consumption improves the efficiency of the entire system, saves energy and reduces costs. A filter device is connected to the air outlet to prevent ice particles from being output to the fuel cell stack before being completely melted, and the safety and reliability are better.

The heating device 2 is started when the temperature of the recovered gas is lower than a certain set value T1, and when the temperature of the recovered gas is higher than a certain set value T2, the heating device 2 is shut down, and the control is quick and simple.

The heating device 2 includes an electric heating element 24 and a casing 25. The casing 25 is installed at the air inlet 11 of the pump casing 1, and the electric heating element 24 is installed at the bottom of the casing 25. The casing 25 is provided with a cavity 250. , The air inlet 21 and the drain 22 are arranged on the housing 25, the cavity 250 is in communication with the air inlet 21 and the drain 22, the cavity 2500 of the cavity 250 is in communication with the air inlet 21 of the pump casing 1, The structure is simple, the structure layout is reasonable, and the integrated design makes the integration high, the structure is compact, the volume is small, the performance is good, the pressurization effect is good, the lighter the quality, and the lower the cost.

The cavity 250 includes a water storage cavity 2501 and an air storage cavity 2502. The position of the water storage cavity 2501 is lower than that of the air storage cavity 2502. The air inlet 21 is connected to the air storage cavity 2502, and the drain 22 is connected to the water storage cavity 2501. The connection, the structure layout is reasonable, and the water and gas separation are convenient.

The housing 25 is provided with a sensor mounting hole 251, and the temperature sensor 23 extends through the sensor mounting hole 251 into the gas storage cavity 2502, so that the temperature sensor 23 can sense the temperature of the recovered gas.

The pump casing 1 is provided with a first mounting platform 130, the first mounting platform 130 is provided with a number of second mounting holes 13, and the housing 25 is provided with a number of first mounting holes 28 corresponding to the second mounting holes, which are passed through by screws The housing 25 is locked to the pump casing 1 through the first mounting hole 28 and the second mounting hole 13, the mounting structure is simple and the structure is tight.

A first sealing ring 26 is installed between the casing 25 and the pump casing 1, and a first sealing groove 27 is provided on the end surface of the casing 25. The first sealing ring 26 is installed in the first sealing groove 27, and the sealing effect is good.

The filter device 3 includes a mounting seat 31, a filter screen 32, and an air outlet 33. The mounting seat 31 is provided with an accommodation cavity 311. The filter screen 32 is installed in the accommodation cavity 311. The air outlet 33 is installed on the mounting seat 31. 33 is provided with an exhaust port 30 communicating with the accommodating cavity 311, and the fine icing particles generated during low-temperature startup are filtered through the filter screen, which improves the reliability of the entire system, and has high integration, compact structure and small size.

In the low temperature state, there will be a small amount of icing in the hydrogen circulating pump or pipeline before the system is started. At the moment of starting, the impeller in the hydrogen circulating pump rotates at a high speed to stir the small amount of ice inside into fine particles, and filter The device intercepts and filters out the fine particles, which can pass hydrogen and gaseous moisture. After the fuel cell controller starts the heating device, after the temperature in the hydrogen circulation pump rises, the fine ice particles naturally vaporize into water vapor and enter the stack module. Will not cause clogging of the filter device.

The pump casing 1 is provided with a second mounting platform 140, the second mounting platform is provided with a number of fourth mounting holes 14, and the mounting seat 31 is provided with a number of third mounting holes 36 corresponding to the fourth mounting holes 14, which are passed through by screws. The housing 25 is locked on the pump casing 1 through the third mounting hole 36 and the fourth mounting hole 14, the mounting structure is simple and the structure is tight.

A second sealing ring 34 is installed between the mounting seat 31 and the pump casing 1, and a second sealing groove 35 is provided on the end surface of the mounting seat 31. The second sealing ring 34 is installed in the second sealing groove 35, and the sealing effect is good.

Embodiment two:

As shown in FIG. 9, a fuel cell includes a fuel cell controller, a hydrogen supply system, an air intake system, a stack module, and a hydrogen circulation pump assembly, characterized in that: the hydrogen circulation pump assembly is the first embodiment described above. In the hydrogen circulation pump assembly, the hydrogen outlet of the stack module is connected with the gas inlet 11 of the hydrogen circulation pump, and the outlet 12 of the hydrogen circulation pump is connected with the hydrogen inlet of the stack module. The hydrogen circulation pump assembly has a simple structure and a compact structure. It is small, highly integrated, and occupies less space in the overall layout of the fuel cell system; it is convenient to install and maintain, and reduce the cost of subsequent maintenance.

.

The heating device 2 includes an electric heating element 24 and a housing 25. The electric heating element 24 is installed at the bottom of the housing 25. A temperature sensor 23 is installed on the housing 25. The electric heating element and the temperature sensor are respectively connected to the fuel cell controller. When the temperature of the recovered gas is lower than a certain set value T1, the fuel cell controller controls the electric heating element 24 to heat, and when the temperature of the recovered gas is higher than a certain set value T2, the fuel cell controller controls the electric heating element 24 stopped working.

The hydrogen supply system includes a solenoid valve, a proportional pressure regulating valve, a pressure relief valve, and a drain valve. The hydrogen in the hydrogen supply system enters the stack module through the battery valve and the proportional regulating valve. The hydrogen and the oxygen entered from the air intake system The reactor module reacts to produce electricity and a small amount of water. The hydrogen and a small amount of water that did not participate in the reaction are discharged from the hydrogen outlet of the stack module, and then enter the hydrogen circulation pump assembly, and the hydrogen and water are separated in the hydrogen circulation pump. The latter water passes through the drain valve and is discharged from the tail discharge outlet. The hydrogen is pressurized by the hydrogen circulation pump and then flows back to the stack module to continue the reaction. A hydrogen concentration sensor is installed before the tail discharge outlet to monitor the hydrogen at the end of the tail discharge. Concentration, the discharged hydrogen is directly discharged after being diluted to a safe concentration by the hydrogen dilution device. In the low temperature state, it is heated by the heating device to keep the water entering the hydrogen circulation pump above 0°C without freezing. The fuel cell control system passes The temperature sensor monitors the temperature in the heating device in real time, and adjusts the temperature by controlling the heating device to increase or decrease the power.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention are equivalent. The replacement methods of are all included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

A hydrogen circulating pump assembly includes a hydrogen circulating pump (100). The hydrogen circulating pump (100) includes a motor, a wind turbine, and a pump casing (1). The pump casing (1) is provided with a pump cavity, and the wind turbine is installed in the pump cavity , The motor drives the wind wheel to rotate, the pump casing (1) is provided with an air inlet (11) and an air outlet (12), and the pump cavity is connected with the air inlet (11) and the air outlet (12), and is characterized by: the air inlet ( 11) Connect a heating device (2), and connect the gas outlet (12) to a filter device (3). The recovered gas is first processed by the heating device (2) and then enters the hydrogen circulation pump (100), and from the hydrogen circulation pump (100) The air outlet (12) of) reaches the filter device (3), and is discharged after being processed by the filter device (3).
The hydrogen circulating pump assembly according to claim 1, wherein the heating device (2) is activated when the temperature of the recovered gas is lower than a certain set value T1, and when the temperature of the recovered gas is higher than a certain set When the value T2 is set, the heating device (2) is shut down.
The hydrogen circulation pump assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the heating device (2) comprises an electric heating element (24) and a casing (25), and the casing (25) is installed on the pump casing At the air inlet (11) of (1), the electric heating element (24) is installed at the bottom of the housing (25), and the housing (25) is provided with a cavity (250), air inlet (21) and drain (22) is arranged on the casing (25), the cavity (250) is in communication with the air inlet (21) and the drain (22), and the cavity (2500) of the cavity (250) is connected to the pump casing (1) The air inlet (21) is connected.
The hydrogen circulating pump assembly according to claim 3, wherein the cavity (250) includes a water storage cavity (2501) and an air storage cavity (2502), and the position of the water storage cavity (2501) is lower than In the position of the air storage cavity (2502), the air inlet (21) is connected with the air storage cavity (2502), and the drain (22) is connected with the water storage cavity (2501).
A hydrogen circulation pump assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: the housing (25) is provided with a sensor mounting hole (251), and the temperature sensor (23) penetrates the sensor mounting hole (251) into the storage Inside the air cavity (2502).
A hydrogen circulation pump assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: the pump housing (1) is provided with a first installation platform (130), and the first installation platform (130) is provided with a plurality of second installation holes ( 13). The housing (25) is provided with a number of first mounting holes (28) corresponding to the second mounting holes, and the housing ( 25) Lock on the pump casing (1).
A hydrogen circulating pump assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that: a first sealing ring (26) is installed between the casing (25) and the pump casing (1), and the end surface of the casing (25) is provided There is a first sealing groove (27), and the first sealing ring (26) is installed in the first sealing groove (27).
A hydrogen circulating pump assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: the filter device (3) includes a mounting seat (31), a filter screen (32) and an air outlet (33), and the mounting seat (31) is provided with The accommodating cavity (311), the filter screen (32) is installed in the accommodating cavity (311), the air outlet (33) is installed on the mounting seat (31), and the air outlet (33) is provided with the accommodating cavity (311) ) The connected exhaust port (30).
The hydrogen circulating pump assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that: a second installation platform (140) is provided on the pump housing (1), and a plurality of fourth installation holes (14) are provided on the second installation platform, The mounting seat (31) is provided with a number of third mounting holes (36) corresponding to the fourth mounting holes (14). The housing (36) is inserted through the third mounting holes (36) and the fourth mounting holes (14) by screws. 25) Lock on the pump casing (1).
The hydrogen circulating pump assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that: a second sealing ring (34) is installed between the mounting seat (31) and the pump casing (1), and a second sealing ring (34) is installed on the end surface of the mounting seat (31). There is a second sealing groove (35), and the second sealing ring (34) is installed in the second sealing groove (35).
A fuel cell includes a fuel cell controller, a hydrogen supply system, an air intake system, a stack module and a hydrogen circulation pump assembly. The hydrogen outlet of the stack module is connected to the gas inlet (11) of the hydrogen circulation pump, and the hydrogen circulation pump The gas outlet (12) is connected with the hydrogen inlet of the stack module, and is characterized in that the hydrogen circulation pump assembly is the hydrogen circulation pump assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
The fuel cell according to claim 11, characterized in that: the heating device (2) comprises an electric heating element (24) and a casing (25), and the electric heating element (24) is installed in the casing (25) A temperature sensor (23) is installed on the bottom of the housing (25). The electric heating element and the temperature sensor are respectively connected to the fuel cell controller. When the temperature of the recovered gas is lower than a certain set value T1, the fuel cell controls The heater controls the heating of the electric heating element (24). When the temperature of the recovered gas is higher than a certain set value T2, the fuel cell controller controls the electric heating element (24) to stop working.