WO2021147310A1 - 一种大断面矩形顶管机 - Google Patents

一种大断面矩形顶管机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021147310A1
WO2021147310A1 PCT/CN2020/110754 CN2020110754W WO2021147310A1 WO 2021147310 A1 WO2021147310 A1 WO 2021147310A1 CN 2020110754 W CN2020110754 W CN 2020110754W WO 2021147310 A1 WO2021147310 A1 WO 2021147310A1
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Prior art keywords
tunneling
tunneling system
shield
independent
shell
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PCT/CN2020/110754
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English (en)
French (fr)
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钱德雨
马鹏
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钱德雨
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Publication of WO2021147310A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021147310A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
    • E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/03—Driving non-circular tunnels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/12—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pipe jacking machine, which is particularly suitable for large-section rectangular pipe jacking machines for the construction and construction of large urban underground rectangular spaces.
  • a large-section rectangular pipe jacking machine of the present invention includes a front shield body, the front shield body includes a shield shell, and multiple sets of tunneling systems forming independent tunneling surfaces are provided in the shield shell.
  • Each group of excavation system includes multiple horizontally arranged excavation units, and each group of excavation system is equipped with an independent dumping system and connected to the mud disposal tank;
  • the tunneling unit includes an independent excavation shell, and the excavation shell is installed in a compartment divided by a vertical partition and a transverse partition in the shield shell;
  • Multiple sets of tunneling systems are arranged horizontally staggered in the vertical direction of the front shield to form a multi-level stepped structure, and a horizontally staggered step is formed between every two stepped structures, so that each tunneling system only corresponds to the front shield when cutting the section.
  • the section of its own area does not need to be cut to the size of the entire front shield.
  • a rectangular box culvert pipe section is connected to the rear of the tunneling unit of the front shield body through a plurality of in-shield correction jacks.
  • the multiple sets of tunneling systems include an upper tunneling system II arranged at the top of the front shield, an upper tunneling system I in the middle position, and a lower tunneling system at the lower position, wherein the upper tunneling system II passes through the transverse partitions on the top of the shield and the shield body
  • the upper vertical partition divides a number of closed compartments in the shield shell of the pipe jacking machine to accommodate the tunneling unit.
  • the upper tunneling system I and the lower tunneling system are separated by the vertical partition in the middle of the shield and the transverse partition in the middle of the shield.
  • the horizontal displacement arrangement between the end faces of the upper tunneling system II and the upper tunneling system I forms a horizontal displacement step d1
  • the horizontal displacement arrangement between the end faces of the upper tunneling system I and the lower tunneling system forms a horizontal displacement step d2.
  • the length of the horizontally displaced step d1 between the upper tunneling system II and the upper tunneling system I is between 0.4m and 1.5m; the length of the horizontally displaced step d2 between the upper tunneling system I and the lower tunneling system Between 0.4m-1.5m; the height of the excavation section excavated by the upper tunneling system II is between 2m-4m, and the height of the excavation section excavated by the upper tunneling system I and the lower tunneling system is between 4m-6m .
  • the tunneling unit of the lower tunneling system includes an independent casing of the lower tunneling system, the lower tunneling system independent shell is provided with a lower tunneling system compartment partition to prevent sand and gravel from entering, and the lower tunneling system compartment partition is provided with drag reduction Coating, the main tool is provided in the center of the compartment partition of the lower tunneling system, and there are multiple lower tunneling system high-pressure grouting holes and mixing auxiliary cutters around the main cutter.
  • the main cutter is composed of three independently rotating elliptical cutters.
  • the muck silo is equipped with a dumping device.
  • the dumping device is driven by a screw dumping drive motor set at the tail.
  • the dumping device is equipped with an anti-blocking control valve
  • the muck discharge port is provided with a muck discharge device below the muck discharge port.
  • the muck discharge device is connected to the mud disposal tank through a hose, and the main cutter is connected to a cutter head through a rotating device arranged in the partition of the lower tunneling system cabin.
  • the driving motor is provided with a lower tunneling system soil pressure sensor on the upper side of the main tool, a corner auxiliary cutter is arranged between the tunneling unit and the tunneling unit, and the corner auxiliary cutter is connected with an independent driving unit arranged on the auxiliary cutter.
  • the tunneling unit of the upper tunneling system includes an upper tunneling system independent shell, the upper tunneling system independent shell is provided with an upper tunneling system cabin partition to prevent sand and gravel from entering, and the upper tunneling system cabin partition is provided with two groups Main cutter III, between the two main cutters III, there are high pressure grouting holes of the upper tunneling system and the soil pressure sensor of the upper tunneling system.
  • the upper tunneling system compartment partition of the two main cutters III is equipped with a muck silo III ,
  • the muck silo III is equipped with the upper excavation system dumping device, the upper excavation system dumping device is connected to the mud disposal tank through the upper excavation system dump hose, and the main cutter III is installed in the upper excavation system compartment partition
  • the rotating device of the upper tunneling system is connected with the cutter drive unit III;
  • the tunneling unit of the middle tunneling system includes an independent shell of the middle tunneling system, the front of the independent shell of the middle tunneling system is provided with a middle tunneling system compartment partition to prevent the entry of sand and gravel, and the center of the middle tunneling system compartment partition is provided with a main Tool II, the main tool II is surrounded by multiple high-pressure grouting holes of the middle tunneling system and auxiliary mixing tool II.
  • the main tool II is composed of three independently rotating elliptical tools, and the three independently rotating elliptical tools are provided with slag in the middle.
  • the soil silo II and the slag silo II are equipped with a dumping device II, and the tail of the dumping device II is equipped with a spiral dumping drive motor II to drive the dump.
  • the dumping device II is disposed of through an independent dumping hose and mud by the middle roadheader Slot connection, the main cutter II is connected to the cutter head drive motor II through the middle tunneling machine rotating device arranged in the middle tunneling system compartment partition.
  • the main cutter II is provided with two middle tunneling system soil pressures at the upper position on both sides of the main cutter II. Sensor, with corner auxiliary tool II at the junction of the tunneling unit and the tunneling unit;
  • the upper tunneling system and the middle tunneling system are equipped with shields behind the upper tunneling system's shield body part, the upper tunneling system jacking jack is connected to the rectangular box culvert pipe section behind the shield part, and the middle tunneling system is equipped with a middle tunneling machine behind the shield body part.
  • the jacking jack is connected with the rectangular box culvert pipe section.
  • the upper tunneling system independent shell and the shield shell and the upper tunneling system compartment partition are filled with the upper tunneling system front brake plug and the upper tunneling system rear brake plug to limit the upper tunneling system.
  • the output retraction length of the jacking jack, the middle roadheader independent shell and the shield shell and the middle roadheader compartment partition of the upper roadheading system I are filled with the front brake plug of the middle roadheader to limit the jacking of the middle roadheader
  • the output of the jack is retracted in length, and a double water-stop compartment is provided in the excavation shell of the tunneling unit for waterproofing.
  • Three independently rotating elliptical cutters are arranged on a circular rotating disk with a positional relationship of 120°.
  • the rotating disk can rotate around its center.
  • a plurality of outer edge scrapers are spaced apart on the profile section of the front shield body.
  • the present invention is provided with multiple boring systems composed of horizontally arranged boring units, each boring system is provided with a horizontal and staggered step, which realizes the step method cutting of the face of the pipe jacking machine, and utilizes multiple boring systems Divide the tunneling section into multiple small sections, which can divide the tunnel face into multiple upper and lower excavation units, realize independent section excavation and tunnel face pressure control, and minimize the impact of jacking construction on the ground surface without the need for large-scale excavation.
  • the cutter can realize the one-time and rapid construction of the large-section rectangular underground space, and then control the stratum settlement.
  • Each tunneling system of the present invention has an independent muck discharge device, independent cutting and driving unit and the like.
  • the rectangular pipe jacking machine realizes the step-cutting of the cross section when constructing the underground space. It has the advantages of small construction site, one-time forming, no need to construct peripheral retaining walls and other auxiliary constructions. It can construct more than 50.0m 2 in a relatively short time.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the large-section rectangular pipe jacking machine of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the cutter head of the large-section rectangular pipe jacking machine of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the construction process of the present invention.
  • 1-Front shield body 2-Shield middle vertical partition, 3-Shield middle transverse partition, 4-Shield top transverse partition, 5-Hydraulic anti-forward correction bolt, 6-Outer edge scraper , 7-The vertical partition on the upper part of the shield, 8-mud disposal tank, 9-rectangular box culvert pipe section, 10-soil discharge device, 11-shield correction jack, 12-shield shell;
  • a-1-Lower tunneling system compartment partition board a-2-Mixing auxiliary cutter I, a-3-Main cutter I, a-4-Lower tunneling system high pressure grouting hole, a-5-Soil bin I, a-6-rotating device I, a-7-lower tunneling system soil pressure sensor, a-8-corner auxiliary tool I, a-9-main tool leading knife, a-10-lower tunneling system independent housing, a- 11-Dumping device, a-12-Muck discharge outlet, a-13-Anti-clogging control valve of the dumping device, a-14-cutter drive motor I, a-15-independent drive unit of auxiliary cutter, a -16- Spiral dumping drive motor;
  • b-1-1-Centre tunneling machine compartment partition board b-1-2-Mixing auxiliary cutter II, b-1-3-Main cutter II, b-1-4-Middle tunneling machine high pressure grouting hole, b- 1-5-Soil silo II, b-1-6-Central roadheader rotating device, b-1-7-Central roadheader soil pressure sensor, b-1-8-Corner auxiliary tool II, b-1-9 -Independent drainage hose of the middle roadheader, b-1-10-independent housing of the middle roadheader, b-1-11-front brake plug of the middle roadheader, b-1-12-double water-stop barrier, b -1-13-Earth dumping device II, b-1-14-cutter head drive motor II, b-1-15-jacking jack of the middle roadheader, b-1-16-screw dumping drive motor II;
  • b-2-1-upper tunneling system compartment partition b-2-2-upper tunneling system high pressure grouting hole, b-2-3-main tool III, b-2-4-upper tunneling system earth pressure sensor , B-2-5-muck silo III, b-2-6-upper tunneling system rotating device, b-2-7-upper tunneling system dumping device, b-2-8-upper tunneling system dumping hose , B-2-9-rear brake plug of upper tunneling system, b-2-10-independent housing of upper tunneling system, b-2-11-front brake plug of upper tunneling system, b-2-12-double stop Water barrier, b-2-13-tool drive unit III, b-2-14-shield, b-2-15-upper tunneling system jacking jack.
  • a large cross-section rectangular pipe jacking machine of the present invention includes a front shield body 1, which includes a shield body shell 12, and the shield body shell 12 is provided with multiple groups to form independent tunneling surfaces
  • the tunneling system, each set of tunneling systems includes a plurality of horizontally arranged tunneling units, and each set of tunneling systems is connected with a mud disposal tank 8 through a hose; the tunneling unit includes an independent excavation shell, and the excavation shell passes in
  • the shield shell 12 is divided by vertical partitions and transverse partitions.
  • the excavation shell is a closed compartment divided in the shield shell 12. Multiple sets of tunneling systems are horizontally staggered in the vertical direction of the front shield 1.
  • the multi-level step structure is formed by the dynamic arrangement, and the horizontally shifted steps are formed between every two steps of the step structure, so that when the front shield 1 cuts the section, each tunneling system only corresponds to the section of its own area, and there is no need to deal with the size of the entire front shield 1.
  • the section of the front shield body 1 is cut, and the rear of the tunneling unit of the front shield body 1 is connected with a rectangular box culvert pipe section 9 through a plurality of inner shield correction jacks 11.
  • the multi-group tunneling system includes an upper tunneling system IIB-2 arranged at the top of the front shield 1, an upper tunneling system IB-1 in the middle position, and a lower tunneling system A-1 at the lower position, the upper tunneling system IIB-2 and
  • the horizontal displacement arrangement between the end faces of the upper tunneling system IB-1 forms a horizontal displacement step d1
  • the horizontal displacement arrangement between the end faces of the upper tunneling system IB-1 and the lower tunneling system A-1 forms a horizontal displacement step d2.
  • the length of the horizontally displaced step d1 between the tunneling system IIB-2 and the upper tunneling system IB-1 is between 0.4m and 1.5m; the level between the upper tunneling system IB-1 and the lower tunneling system A-1
  • the length of the staggered step d2 is between 0.4m-1.5m; the height of the excavation section excavated by the upper tunneling system IIB-2 is between 2m-4m, and the upper tunneling system IB-1 and the lower tunneling system A-1 are excavated
  • the height of the excavation section is between 4m-6m.
  • the upper tunneling system IIB-2 divides the shield shell 12 of the pipe jacking machine into multiple closed compartments containing the tunneling unit through the transverse partition 4 on the top of the shield body and the vertical partition 7 on the upper shield body.
  • the upper tunneling system IB-1 And the lower tunneling system A-1 are divided into multiple enclosed compartments containing the tunneling unit through the vertical partition 2 in the middle of the shield and the transverse partition (3) in the middle of the shield.
  • the upper tunneling system IIB-2 is provided with multiple closed compartments on both sides.
  • a hydraulic anti-forward correction bolt 5 5.
  • the tunneling unit of the lower tunneling system A-1 includes the lower tunneling system independent shell a-10, and the lower tunneling system independent shell a-10 is equipped with a lower tunneling system compartment partition a-1 to prevent sand and gravel from entering, and the lower tunneling
  • the main tool a-3 is provided in the center of the partition a-1 of the system cabin, and a number of high-pressure grouting holes a-4 of the lower tunneling system and the mixing auxiliary tool a-2 are arranged around the main tool a-3.
  • the main tool a -3 is composed of three independently rotating elliptical knives.
  • the three independently rotating elliptical knives are set on a circular rotating disk with a positional relationship of 120°. The rotating disk can rotate around its center.
  • the outer contour of the front shield body 1 A plurality of outer edge scrapers 6 are arranged at intervals on the cross section, and a muck silo a-5 is arranged in the middle of the three independently rotating oval knives.
  • the muck silo a-5 is equipped with a soil discharge device a-11 and a soil discharge device a. -11 is driven by the screw discharge drive motor a-16 at the tail.
  • the discharge device a-11 is equipped with a muck discharge outlet a-12 through the anti-blocking control valve a-13, and a muck discharge outlet a-12 is provided below
  • a muck discharge device 10 which is connected to the mud disposal tank 8 through a hose
  • the main cutter a-3 is connected with a knife through a rotating device a-6 arranged in the partition a-1 of the lower tunneling system cabin.
  • Disk drive motor a-14, the upper position on both sides of the main tool a-3 are respectively equipped with the lower tunneling system soil pressure sensor a-7, between the tunneling unit and the tunneling unit is equipped with corner auxiliary cutter a-8, corner auxiliary
  • the tool a-8 is connected with an independent drive unit a-15 arranged on the auxiliary tool.
  • the tunneling unit of the upper tunneling system B-2 includes an upper tunneling system independent housing b-2-10, and the upper tunneling system independent housing b-2-10 is provided with an upper tunneling system compartment partition to prevent sand and gravel from entering.
  • the upper tunneling system compartment baffle b-2-1 is equipped with two sets of main cutters IIIb-2-3, between the two sets of main cutters IIIb-2-3 there is an upper tunneling system high pressure injection Slurry hole b-2-2 and upper tunneling system earth pressure sensor b-2-4, two sets of main cutters IIIb-2-3
  • the upper tunneling system compartment baffle b-2-1 is equipped with a muck silo IIIb -2-5, the muck bin IIIb-2-5 is equipped with the upper tunneling system dumping device b-2-7, and the upper tunneling system dumping device b-2-7 passes through the upper tunneling system dumping hose b-2 -8 is connected to the mud disposal tank 8, and the main cutter IIIb-2-3 is connected to the cutter drive unit IIIb- through the upper tunneling
  • the tunneling unit of the middle tunneling system B-1 includes an independent shell b-1-10 of the middle tunneling system, and the front of the independent shell b-1-10 of the middle tunneling system is provided with a middle tunneling system compartment partition to prevent sand and gravel from entering.
  • the central tunneling system compartment baffle b-1-1 is provided with a main cutter IIb-1-3 in the upper center, and the main cutter IIb-1-3 is surrounded by multiple middle tunneling system high-pressure grouting holes b -1-4 and mixing auxiliary tool IIb-1-2
  • the main tool IIb-1-3 is composed of three independently rotating elliptical tools, and the middle of the three independently rotating elliptical tools is equipped with a muck bin IIb-1- 5.
  • the slag bin IIb-1-5 is equipped with a dumping device IIb-1-13, and the tail of the dumping device IIb-1-13 is equipped with a spiral dumping drive motor IIb-1-16 for driving the dumping.
  • the device IIb-1-13 is connected to the mud disposal tank 8 through the independent discharge hose b-1-9 of the middle tunneling machine, and the main cutter IIb-1-3 is installed in the partition b-1-1 of the middle tunneling system cabin.
  • the rotating device b-1-6 of the middle roadheader is connected with the cutter head drive motor IIb-1-14, and the two upper sides of the main tool IIb-1-3 are respectively equipped with two middle roadheading system soil pressure sensors b-1 -7, There is corner auxiliary tool IIb-1-8 at the junction of the tunneling unit and the tunneling unit;
  • the rear of the upper tunneling system B-2 and the middle tunneling system B-1 is equipped with a shield body b-2-14, and the upper tunneling system B-2 is equipped with an upper tunneling system jacking jack b at the rear of the shield body b-2-14.
  • -2-15 is connected to the rectangular box culvert pipe section 9, and behind the shield body b-2-14 part of the middle tunneling system B-1, a jacking jack b-1-15 of the middle tunneling machine is connected to the rectangular box culvert pipe section 9.
  • the upper tunneling system independent shell b-2-10 of the upper tunneling system B-2 and the shield shell 12 and the upper tunneling system compartment baffle b-2-1 are filled with the upper tunneling system front brake plug b-2 -11 and the rear brake plug b-2-9 of the upper tunneling system are used to limit the output and retracting length of the jacking jack b-2-15 of the upper tunneling system.
  • the front brake plug b-1-11 of the middle roadheader is filled with the shield shell 12 and the middle roadheader compartment partition b-1-1 to limit the output of the jacking jack b-1-15 of the middle roadheader.
  • the length is retracted, and a double water-stop barrier b-2-12 is provided in the excavation shell of the tunneling unit for waterproofing.
  • the upper tunneling system IB1, the upper tunneling system IIB2 and the lower tunneling system A1 can cut soil at the same time; the shells of the upper tunneling system IB1 and the upper tunneling system IIB2 are in the jacks of their respective jacks Under the action, determine the length D1 of the horizontal dislocation step d1 and the length D2 of the horizontal dislocation step d2, and form the upper section I, the upper section II and the lower section I.
  • the width of each subsequent box culvert 8 is the same, and then the main cutters of the compartments from top to bottom slide and excavate sequentially, so that the soil can control the surface deformation under the effect of pre-support.
  • the subsequent rectangular box culvert pipe section 9 pushes the pipe jacking machine forward as a whole, and the rectangular box culvert pipe section 9 is repeatedly installed underground in a one-off, rapid formation of a large underground space.
  • the aforementioned large-scale prefabricated rectangular box culvert pipe section 9 can be divided into 2 to 4 modules for processing and manufacturing, and then integrated and assembled on site to realize jacking construction and one-time space molding.

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  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

一种大断面矩形顶管机，包括前盾体（1），前盾体（1）包括盾体外壳（12），盾体外壳（12）内设有多组垂直方向布置的掘进系统，每组掘进系统内包括了多个水平布置的掘进单元，掘进单元通过在盾体外壳（12）中设置竖向隔板和横向隔板分割构成，多组掘进系统在前盾体（1）的垂直方向上通过水平错动布置从而形成多级台阶结构，每两级台阶结构之间形成水平错动台阶（d1，d2），使前盾体（1）在掌子面开挖时形成切割台阶，每一个掘进系统只对应切割自身面积的分段掌子面。

Description

一种大断面矩形顶管机 技术领域
本发明涉及一种顶管机，尤其适用于城市地下大型矩形空间施工和构筑的大断面矩形顶管机。
背景技术
城市地下空间的开发是未来城市发展的必然趋势，其中圆形隧道因其结构受力合理，施工工艺简单而广为采用。与圆型断面相比，矩形断面有效使用面积通常大于20％以上，在市政隧道工程中尤以矩形最为经济。相对于明挖法、箱涵顶进法、HEP&JES法构筑矩形空间，盾构法和矩形顶管法对周边环境影响较小、综合成本低。但相对于盾构法采用盾构机掘进，矩形顶管机制造时间短，组装场地小，适用于短距离的地下空间构筑工程。
随着市政隧道施工断面逐渐往大断面趋势发展，大断面矩形顶管机得到广泛应用与发展，但现阶段，大断面矩形顶管机掘进过程中，因其断面较大，净空断面面积＞50m 2，全断面开挖风险高，难以实现掌子面压力控制，造成掌子面稳定性差，地层扰动大等问题。
发明内容
技术问题：针对传统矩形地下空间施工中在存在的地层变形控制难度大、程序冗杂、交通及环境影响明显，掌子面易崩塌等问题，提供一种能有效控制地层沉降和维持掌子面稳定、且经济可行的大断面矩形顶管机。
技术方案：为实现上述技术目的，本发明的一种大断面矩形顶管机，包括前盾体，前盾体包括盾体外壳，盾体外壳内设有多组形成独立掘进面的掘进系统，每组掘进系统包括多个水平布置的掘进单元，每组掘进系统均布置独立的排土系统并与泥浆处置槽连接；
所述掘进单元包括独立的开挖壳体，开挖壳体安装在盾体外壳中设置竖向隔板和横向隔板分割而成的隔间内；
多组掘进系统在在前盾体的垂直方向水平错动布置从而形成多级台阶结构，每两级台阶结构之间形成水平错动台阶，使前盾体在切割断面时每一个掘进系统只对应自身面积的断面，无需应对整个前盾体大小的断面切割，
前盾体的掘进单元后方通过多个盾内纠偏千斤顶连接有矩形箱涵管节。
所述多组掘进系统包括设置在前盾体最上方的上部掘进系统Ⅱ、中间位置的上部掘进系统Ⅰ和下方位置的下部掘进系统，其中上部掘进系统Ⅱ通过盾体顶部横向隔板和盾 体上部竖向隔板在顶管机盾体壳中分割出多个容纳掘进单元的密闭隔间，上部掘进系统Ⅰ和下部掘进系统通过盾体中部竖向隔板和盾体中部横向隔板分割出多个容纳掘进单元的密闭隔间，上部掘进系统Ⅱ两侧分别设有多个油压式防前倾修正栓。
所述上部掘进系统Ⅱ与上部掘进系统Ⅰ的端面之间水平错动布置形成水平错动台阶d1，上部掘进系统Ⅰ与下部掘进系统的端面之间水平错动布置形成水平错动台阶d2。
所述的上部掘进系统Ⅱ和上部掘进系统Ⅰ之间的水平错动台阶d1长度在0.4m-1.5m之间；所述的上部掘进系统Ⅰ和下部掘进系统之间的水平错动台阶d2长度在0.4m-1.5m之间；上部掘进系统Ⅱ挖掘出的开挖断面的高度为2m-4m之间，上部掘进系统Ⅰ和下部掘进系统挖掘出的开挖断面的高度为4m-6m之间。
所述下部掘进系统的掘进单元包括下部掘进系统独立壳体，下部掘进系统独立壳体前方设有防止砂石进入的下部掘进系统舱体隔板，下部掘进系统舱体隔板上设有减阻涂层，下部掘进系统舱体隔板上中心设有主刀具，在主刀具四周设有多个下部掘进系统高压注浆孔和搅拌辅刀具，主刀具由三个独立自转的椭圆形刀具组成，三个独立自转的椭圆形刀具中间设有渣土仓，渣土仓上设有排土装置，排土装置通过尾部设置的螺旋排土驱动电机驱动，排土装置上通过防堵控制阀设有渣土排出口，渣土排出口下方设有渣土排出装置，渣土排出装置通过软管与泥浆处置槽连接，主刀具通过设置在下部掘进系统舱体隔板内的旋转装置连接有刀盘驱动电机，主刀具的两侧偏上位置分别设有下部掘进系统土压传感器，在掘进单元与掘进单元之间设有拐角辅刀具，拐角辅刀具连接有设置在辅刀具的独立驱动单元。
所述上部掘进系统的掘进单元包括上部掘进系统独立壳体，上部掘进系统独立壳体前方设有防止砂石进入的上部掘进系统舱体隔板，上部掘进系统舱体隔板上设有两组主刀具Ⅲ，在两组主刀具Ⅲ之间设有上部掘进系统高压注浆孔和上部掘进系统土压传感器，两组主刀具Ⅲ处的上部掘进系统舱体隔板内设有渣土仓Ⅲ，渣土仓Ⅲ上设有上部掘进系统排土装置，上部掘进系统排土装置通过上部掘进系统排土软管与泥浆处置槽连接，主刀具Ⅲ通过设置在上部掘进系统舱体隔板内的上部掘进系统旋转装置连接有刀具驱动单元Ⅲ；
所述中部掘进系统的掘进单元包括中部掘进系统独立壳体，中部掘进系统独立壳体前方设有防止砂石进入的中部掘进系统舱体隔板，中部掘进系统舱体隔板上中心设有主刀具Ⅱ，主刀具Ⅱ四周设有多个中部掘进系统高压注浆孔和搅拌辅刀具Ⅱ，主刀具Ⅱ由三个独立自转的椭圆形刀具组成，三个独立自转的椭圆形刀具中间设有渣土仓Ⅱ，渣土 仓Ⅱ上设有排土装置Ⅱ，排土装置Ⅱ尾部设有驱动排土的螺旋排土驱动电机Ⅱ，排土装置Ⅱ通过中部掘进机独立排土软管与泥浆处置槽连接，主刀具Ⅱ通过设置在中部掘进系统舱体隔板内的中部掘进机旋转装置连接有刀盘驱动电机Ⅱ，主刀具Ⅱ的两侧偏上位置分别设有两个中部掘进系统土压传感器，在掘进单元与掘进单元连接处设有拐角辅刀具Ⅱ；
其中上部掘进系统和中部掘进系统后方设有盾体，上部掘进系统的盾体部分后方设有上部掘进系统顶进千斤顶与矩形箱涵管节连接，中部掘进系统的盾体部分后方设有中部掘进机的顶进千斤顶与矩形箱涵管节连接。
所述上部掘进系统Ⅱ的上部掘进系统独立壳体与盾体外壳以及上部掘进系统舱体隔板之间填充有上部掘进系统前制动塞和上部掘进系统后制动塞用以限制上部掘进系统顶进千斤顶的输出收回长度，上部掘进系统Ⅰ的中部掘进机独立壳体与盾体外壳以及中部掘进机舱体隔板之间填充有中部掘进机前制动塞用以限制中部掘进机的顶进千斤顶的输出收回长度，并在掘进单元的开挖壳体中设有双重止水隔层用以防水。
三个独立自转的椭圆形刀具以120°的位置关系设置在圆形的旋转盘上，旋转盘可以绕其圆心自转，前盾体外轮廓断面上间隔设有多个外缘刮刀。
有益效果：本发明设有通过水平布置的掘进单元组成的多个掘进系统，每个掘进系统之间设有平错动台阶实现了顶管机掌子面的台阶法切割，利用多个掘进系统将掘进断面分割为多个小断面，能将掌子面分割成多个上部和下部开挖单元、实现独立断面开挖和掌子面压力控制、将顶进施工对地表影响最小化，无需大型刀具即可实现大断面矩形地下空间的一次性、快速施工，进而控制地层沉降，本发明的各掘进系统有独立的渣土排出装置、独立切割及其驱动单元等。该矩形顶管机在构筑地下空间时实现了断面的台阶式切割，具有施工场地小、一次成型、不需要构筑外围挡土墙等辅助施工等优势，可在较短时间内构筑大于50.0m 2的矩形大断面地下空间，设备保养成本低，施工便利，有利于控制降减，维持掌子面稳定。
附图说明
图1为本发明大断面矩形顶管机的结构示意图；
图2为本发明大断面矩形顶管机刀盘示意图；
图3为本发明的施工过程示意图。
图中：1-下部掘进系统，B1-上部掘进系统Ⅰ，B2-上部掘进系统Ⅱ，
1-前盾体、2-盾体中部竖向隔板、3-盾体中部横向隔板、4-盾体顶部横向隔板、5-油 压式防前倾修正栓、6-外缘刮刀、7-盾体上部竖向隔板、8-泥浆处置槽、9-矩形箱涵管节、10-渣土排出装置、11-盾内纠偏千斤顶、12-盾体外壳；
a-1-下部掘进系统舱体隔板、a-2-搅拌辅刀具Ⅰ、a-3-主刀具Ⅰ、a-4-下部掘进系统高压注浆孔、a-5-渣土仓Ⅰ、a-6-旋转装置Ⅰ、a-7-下部掘进系统土压传感器、a-8-拐角辅刀具Ⅰ、a-9-主刀具先行刀、a-10-下部掘进系统独立壳体、a-11-排土装置、a-12-渣土排出口、a-13-排土装置的防堵控制阀、a-14-刀盘驱动电机Ⅰ、a-15-辅刀具的独立驱动单元、a-16-螺旋排土驱动电机；
b-1-1-中部掘进机舱体隔板、b-1-2-搅拌辅刀具Ⅱ、b-1-3-主刀具Ⅱ、b-1-4-中部掘进机高压注浆孔、b-1-5-渣土仓Ⅱ、b-1-6-中部掘进机旋转装置、b-1-7-中部掘进机土压传感器、b-1-8-拐角辅刀具Ⅱ、b-1-9-中部掘进机独立排土软管、b-1-10-中部掘进机独立壳体、b-1-11-中部掘进机前制动塞、b-1-12-双重止水隔层、b-1-13-排土装置Ⅱ、b-1-14-刀盘驱动电机Ⅱ、b-1-15-中部掘进机的顶进千斤顶、b-1-16-螺旋排土驱动电机Ⅱ；
b-2-1-上部掘进系统舱体隔板、b-2-2-上部掘进系统高压注浆孔、b-2-3-主刀具Ⅲ、b-2-4-上部掘进系统土压传感器、b-2-5-渣土仓Ⅲ、b-2-6-上部掘进系统旋转装置、b-2-7-上部掘进系统排土装置、b-2-8-上部掘进系统排土软管、b-2-9-上部掘进系统后制动塞、b-2-10-上部掘进系统独立壳体、b-2-11-上部掘进系统前制动塞、b-2-12-双重止水隔层、b-2-13-刀具驱动单元Ⅲ、b-2-14-盾体、b-2-15-上部掘进系统顶进千斤顶。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的实施例作进一步的详细说明，
如图1和图2所示，本发明的一种大断面矩形顶管机，包括前盾体1，前盾体1包括盾体外壳12，盾体外壳12内设有多组形成独立掘进面的掘进系统，每组掘进系统包括多个水平布置的掘进单元，每组掘进系统均通过软管连接有泥浆处置槽8；所述掘进单元包括独立的开挖壳体，开挖壳体通过在盾体外壳12中设置竖向隔板和横向隔板分割而成，开挖壳体为盾体外壳12内分割而成的密闭隔间，多组掘进系统在前盾体1的垂直方向水平错动布置从而形成多级台阶结构，每两级台阶结构之间形成水平错动台阶，使前盾体1在切割断面时每一个掘进系统只对应自身面积的断面，无需应对整个前盾体1大小的断面切割，前盾体1的掘进单元后方通过多个盾内纠偏千斤顶11连接有矩形箱涵管节9。
所述多组掘进系统包括设置在前盾体1最上方的上部掘进系统ⅡB-2、中间位置的上部掘进系统ⅠB-1和下方位置的下部掘进系统A-1，上部掘进系统ⅡB-2与上部掘进系统 ⅠB-1的端面之间水平错动布置形成水平错动台阶d1，上部掘进系统ⅠB-1与下部掘进系统A-1的端面之间水平错动布置形成水平错动台阶d2，上部掘进系统ⅡB-2和上部掘进系统ⅠB-1之间的水平错动台阶d1长度在0.4m-1.5m之间；所述的上部掘进系统ⅠB-1和下部掘进系统A-1之间的水平错动台阶d2长度在0.4m-1.5m之间；上部掘进系统ⅡB-2挖掘出的开挖断面的高度为2m-4m之间，上部掘进系统ⅠB-1和下部掘进系统A-1挖掘出的开挖断面的高度为4m-6m之间。上部掘进系统ⅡB-2通过盾体顶部横向隔板4和盾体上部竖向隔板7在顶管机盾体壳12中分割出多个容纳掘进单元的密闭隔间，上部掘进系统ⅠB-1和下部掘进系统A-1通过盾体中部竖向隔板2和盾体中部横向隔板(3)分割出多个容纳掘进单元的密闭隔间，上部掘进系统ⅡB-2两侧分别设有多个油压式防前倾修正栓5。
下部掘进系统A-1的掘进单元包括下部掘进系统独立壳体a-10，下部掘进系统独立壳体a-10前方设有防止砂石进入的下部掘进系统舱体隔板a-1，下部掘进系统舱体隔板a-1上中心设有主刀具a-3，在主刀具a-3四周设有多个下部掘进系统高压注浆孔a-4和搅拌辅刀具a-2，主刀具a-3由三个独立自转的椭圆形刀具组成，三个独立自转的椭圆形刀具以120°的位置关系设置在圆形的旋转盘上，旋转盘可以绕其圆心自转，前盾体1外轮廓断面上间隔设有多个外缘刮刀6，三个独立自转的椭圆形刀具中间设有渣土仓a-5，渣土仓a-5上设有排土装置a-11，排土装置a-11通过尾部设置的螺旋排土驱动电机a-16驱动，排土装置a-11上通过防堵控制阀a-13设有渣土排出口a-12，渣土排出口a-12下方设有渣土排出装置10，渣土排出装置10通过软管与泥浆处置槽8连接，主刀具a-3通过设置在下部掘进系统舱体隔板a-1内的旋转装置a-6连接有刀盘驱动电机a-14，主刀具a-3的两侧偏上位置分别设有下部掘进系统土压传感器a-7，在掘进单元与掘进单元之间设有拐角辅刀具a-8，拐角辅刀具a-8连接有设置在辅刀具的独立驱动单元a-15。
所述上部掘进系统B-2的掘进单元包括上部掘进系统独立壳体b-2-10，上部掘进系统独立壳体b-2-10前方设有防止砂石进入的上部掘进系统舱体隔板b-2-1，上部掘进系统舱体隔板b-2-1上设有两组主刀具Ⅲb-2-3，在两组主刀具Ⅲb-2-3之间设有上部掘进系统高压注浆孔b-2-2和上部掘进系统土压传感器b-2-4，两组主刀具Ⅲb-2-3处的上部掘进系统舱体隔板b-2-1内设有渣土仓Ⅲb-2-5，渣土仓Ⅲb-2-5上设有上部掘进系统排土装置b-2-7，上部掘进系统排土装置b-2-7通过上部掘进系统排土软管b-2-8与泥浆处置槽8连接，主刀具Ⅲb-2-3通过设置在上部掘进系统舱体隔板b-2-1内的上部掘进系统旋转装置b-2-6连接有刀具驱动单元Ⅲb-2-13；
所述中部掘进系统B-1的掘进单元包括中部掘进系统独立壳体b-1-10，中部掘进系统独立壳体b-1-10前方设有防止砂石进入的中部掘进系统舱体隔板b-1-1，中部掘进系统舱体隔板b-1-1上中心设有主刀具Ⅱb-1-3，主刀具Ⅱb-1-3四周设有多个中部掘进系统高压注浆孔b-1-4和搅拌辅刀具Ⅱb-1-2，主刀具Ⅱb-1-3由三个独立自转的椭圆形刀具组成，三个独立自转的椭圆形刀具中间设有渣土仓Ⅱb-1-5，渣土仓Ⅱb-1-5上设有排土装置Ⅱb-1-13，排土装置Ⅱb-1-13尾部设有驱动排土的螺旋排土驱动电机Ⅱb-1-16，排土装置Ⅱb-1-13通过中部掘进机独立排土软管b-1-9与泥浆处置槽8连接，主刀具Ⅱb-1-3通过设置在中部掘进系统舱体隔板b-1-1内的中部掘进机旋转装置b-1-6连接有刀盘驱动电机Ⅱb-1-14，主刀具Ⅱb-1-3的两侧偏上位置分别设有两个中部掘进系统土压传感器b-1-7，在掘进单元与掘进单元连接处设有拐角辅刀具Ⅱb-1-8；
其中上部掘进系统B-2和中部掘进系统B-1后方设有盾体b-2-14，上部掘进系统B-2的盾体b-2-14部分后方设有上部掘进系统顶进千斤顶b-2-15与矩形箱涵管节9连接，中部掘进系统B-1的盾体b-2-14部分后方设有中部掘进机的顶进千斤顶b-1-15与矩形箱涵管节9连接。
上部掘进系统ⅡB-2的上部掘进系统独立壳体b-2-10与盾体外壳12以及上部掘进系统舱体隔板b-2-1之间填充有上部掘进系统前制动塞b-2-11和上部掘进系统后制动塞b-2-9用以限制上部掘进系统顶进千斤顶b-2-15的输出收回长度，上部掘进系统ⅠB1的中部掘进机独立壳体b-1-10与盾体外壳12以及中部掘进机舱体隔板b-1-1之间填充有中部掘进机前制动塞b-1-11用以限制中部掘进机的顶进千斤顶b-1-15的输出收回长度，并在掘进单元的开挖壳体中设有双重止水隔层b-2-12用以防水。
如图3所示，所述的上部掘进系统ⅠB1、上部掘进系统ⅡB2与下部掘进系统A1可同时切割土体；所述的上部掘进系统ⅠB1、上部掘进系统ⅡB2的壳体在各自顶进千斤顶的作用下确定分段切割水平错动台阶d1的长度D1和水平错动台阶d2的长度D2，并形成上段Ⅰ上段Ⅱ和下段Ⅰ，分段切割水平错动台阶d1和水平错动台阶d2长度与后续每一节箱涵8的宽度一致，接着由上至下各隔仓的主刀具依次滑动挖掘，使土体在预支撑效果下控制地表变形。当掘进机各段切割完成后，在后续矩形箱涵管节9的推力下使得顶管机整体向前推进，依次反复将矩形箱涵管节9安装在地下一次性的、快速形成大型地下空间，所述的大型预制矩形箱涵管节9可分割成2～4模块进行加工制造，之后在现场进行一体化组装，实现顶进施工和空间一次成型。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种大断面矩形顶管机，其特征在于：它包括前盾体(1)，前盾体(1)包括盾体外壳(12)，盾体外壳(12)内设有多组可形成独立掘进面的掘进系统，每组掘进系统包括多个水平布置的掘进单元，每组掘进系统均布置独立的排土系统并与泥浆处置槽(8)连接；所述掘进单元包括独立的开挖壳体，开挖壳体安装在盾体外壳(12)中设置竖向隔板和横向隔板分割而成的隔间内；多组掘进系统在在前盾体(1)的垂直方向水平错动布置从而形成多级台阶结构，每个掘进系统只对应切割自身面积的分段掌子面，无需应对整个前盾体(1)大小的断面切割；前盾体(1)的掘进单元后方通过多个盾内纠偏千斤顶(11)连接有矩形箱涵管节(9)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的大断面矩形顶管机，其特征在于：所述多组掘进系统包括设置在前盾体(1)最上方的上部掘进系统Ⅱ(B-2)、中间位置的上部掘进系统Ⅰ(B-1)和下方位置的下部掘进系统(A-1)，其中上部掘进系统Ⅱ(B-2)通过盾体顶部横向隔板(4)和盾体上部竖向隔板(7)在顶管机盾体壳(12)中分割出多个容纳掘进单元的密闭隔间；上部掘进系统Ⅰ(B-1)和下部掘进系统(A-1)通过盾体中部竖向隔板(2)和盾体中部横向隔板(3)分割出多个容纳掘进单元的密闭隔间；上部掘进系统Ⅱ(B-2)两侧分别设有多个油压式防前倾修正栓(5)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的大断面矩形顶管机，其特征在于：所述上部掘进系统Ⅱ(B-2)与上部掘进系统Ⅰ(B-1)的端面之间水平错动布置形成水平错动台阶d1；上部掘进系统Ⅰ(B-1)与下部掘进系统(A-1)的端面之间水平错动布置形成水平错动台阶d2。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的大断面矩形顶管机，其特征在于：所述的上部掘进系统Ⅱ(B-2)和上部掘进系统Ⅰ(B-1)之间的水平错动台阶d1长度在0.4m-1.5m之间；所述的上部掘进系统Ⅰ(B-1)和下部掘进系统(A-1)之间的水平错动台阶d2长度在0.4m-1.5m之间；上部掘进系统Ⅱ(B-2)挖掘出的开挖断面的高度为2m-4m之间，上部掘进系统Ⅰ(B-1)和下部掘进系统(A-1)挖掘出的开挖断面的高度为4m-6m之间。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的大断面矩形顶管机，其特征在于：所述下部掘进系统(A-1)的掘进单元包括下部掘进系统独立壳体(a-10)；下部掘进系统独立壳体(a-10)前方设有防止砂石进入的下部掘进系统舱体隔板(a-1)；下部掘进系统舱体隔板(a-1)上中心设有主刀具(a-3)，在主刀具(a-3)四周设有多个下部掘进系统高压注浆孔(a-4)和搅拌辅刀具(a-2)；主刀具(a-3)由三个独立自转的椭圆形刀具组成，刀具上布置了多组先 行刀(a-9)；三个独立自转的椭圆形刀具中间设有渣土仓(a-5)；渣土仓(a-5)上设有排土装置(a-11)；排土装置(a-11)通过尾部设置的螺旋排土驱动电机(a-16)驱动；排土装置(a-11)上通过防堵控制阀(a-13)设有渣土排出口(a-12)，渣土排出口(a-12)下方设有渣土排出装置(10)，渣土排出装置(10)通过软管与泥浆处置槽(8)连接，主刀具(a-3)通过设置在下部掘进系统舱体隔板(a-1)内的旋转装置(a-6)连接有刀盘驱动电机(a-14)，主刀具(a-3)的两侧偏上位置分别设有下部掘进系统掌子面的土压传感器(a-7)，在掘进单元与掘进单元之间设有拐角辅刀具(a-8)，拐角辅刀具(a-8)连接有设置在辅刀具的独立驱动单元(a-15)。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的大断面矩形顶管机，其特征在于：所述上部掘进系统(B-2)的掘进单元包括上部掘进系统独立壳体(b-2-10)；上部掘进系统独立壳体(b-2-10)前方设有防止砂石进入的上部掘进系统舱体隔板(b-2-1)；上部掘进系统舱体隔板(b-2-1)上设有两组主刀具Ⅲ(b-2-3)；在两组主刀具Ⅲ(b-2-3)之间设有上部掘进系统高压注浆孔(b-2-2)和上部掘进系统土压传感器(b-2-4)，两组主刀具Ⅲ(b-2-3)处的上部掘进系统舱体隔板(b-2-1)内设有渣土仓Ⅲ(b-2-5)；渣土仓Ⅲ(b-2-5)上设有上部掘进系统排土装置(b-2-7)；上部掘进系统排土装置(b-2-7)通过上部掘进系统排土软管(b-2-8)与泥浆处置槽(8)连接；主刀具Ⅲ(b-2-3)通过设置在上部掘进系统舱体隔板(b-2-1)内的上部掘进系统旋转装置(b-2-6)连接有刀具驱动单元Ⅲ(b-2-13)；
    所述中部掘进系统(B-1)的掘进单元包括中部掘进系统独立壳体(b-1-10)；中部掘进系统独立壳体(b-1-10)前方设有防止砂石进入的中部掘进系统舱体隔板(b-1-1)；中部掘进系统舱体隔板(b-1-1)上中心设有主刀具Ⅱ(b-1-3)；主刀具Ⅱ(b-1-3)四周设有多个中部掘进系统高压注浆孔(b-1-4)和搅拌辅刀具Ⅱ(b-1-2)；主刀具Ⅱ(b-1-3)由三个独立自转的椭圆形刀具组成，三个独立自转的椭圆形刀具中间设有渣土仓Ⅱ(b-1-5)；渣土仓Ⅱ(b-1-5)上设有排土装置Ⅱ(b-1-13)；排土装置Ⅱ(b-1-13)尾部设有驱动排土的螺旋排土驱动电机Ⅱ(b-1-16)；排土装置Ⅱ(b-1-13)通过中部掘进机独立排土软管(b-1-9)与泥浆处置槽(8)连接；主刀具Ⅱ(b-1-3)通过设置在中部掘进系统舱体隔板(b-1-1)内的中部掘进机旋转装置(b-1-6)连接有刀盘驱动电机Ⅱ(b-1-14)；主刀具Ⅱ(b-1-3)的两侧偏上位置分别设有两个中部掘进系统土压传感器(b-1-7)；在掘进单元与掘进单元连接处设有拐角辅刀具Ⅱ(b-1-8)；
    其中上部掘进系统(B-2)和中部掘进系统(B-1)后方设有盾体(b-2-14)；上部掘进系统(B-2)的盾体(b-2-14)部分后方设有上部掘进系统顶进千斤顶(b-2-15)与矩形箱涵管节(9)连接；中部掘进系统(B-1)的盾体(b-2-14)部分后方设有中部掘进机的顶 进千斤顶(b-1-15)与矩形箱涵管节(9)连接。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的大断面矩形顶管机，其特征在于：所述上部掘进系统Ⅱ(B-2)的上部掘进系统独立壳体(b-2-10)与盾体外壳(12)以及上部掘进系统舱体隔板(b-2-1)之间填充有上部掘进系统前制动塞(b-2-11)和上部掘进系统后制动塞(b-2-9)用以限制上部掘进系统顶进千斤顶(b-2-15)的输出收回长度；上部掘进系统Ⅰ(B1)的中部掘进机独立壳体(b-1-10)与盾体外壳(12)以及中部掘进机舱体隔板(b-1-1)之间填充有中部掘进机前制动塞(b-1-11)用以限制中部掘进机的顶进千斤顶(b-1-15)的输出收回长度，并在掘进单元的开挖壳体中设有双重止水隔层(b-2-12)用以防水。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的大断面矩形顶管机，其特征在于：三个独立自转的椭圆形刀具以120°的位置关系设置在圆形的旋转盘上，旋转盘可以绕其圆心自转，前盾体(1)外轮廓断面上间隔设有多个外缘刮刀(6)。
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