WO2021146926A1 - 一种数据传输方法、设备及系统 - Google Patents

一种数据传输方法、设备及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021146926A1
WO2021146926A1 PCT/CN2020/073535 CN2020073535W WO2021146926A1 WO 2021146926 A1 WO2021146926 A1 WO 2021146926A1 CN 2020073535 W CN2020073535 W CN 2020073535W WO 2021146926 A1 WO2021146926 A1 WO 2021146926A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
data packet
transmission delay
service
communication device
delay
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2020/073535
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
诸华林
李欢
靳维生
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华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2020/073535 priority Critical patent/WO2021146926A1/zh
Priority to CN202080085098.9A priority patent/CN114930907A/zh
Priority to EP20915331.1A priority patent/EP4084526A4/en
Publication of WO2021146926A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021146926A1/zh
Priority to US17/869,518 priority patent/US20220353731A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/12—Wireless traffic scheduling
    • H04W72/1221—Wireless traffic scheduling based on age of data to be sent
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/28—Flow control; Congestion control in relation to timing considerations
    • H04L47/283—Flow control; Congestion control in relation to timing considerations in response to processing delays, e.g. caused by jitter or round trip time [RTT]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/0231—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control based on communication conditions
    • H04W28/0236—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control based on communication conditions radio quality, e.g. interference, losses or delay
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/0268—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control using specific QoS parameters for wireless networks, e.g. QoS class identifier [QCI] or guaranteed bit rate [GBR]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/24—Negotiating SLA [Service Level Agreement]; Negotiating QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/52—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on load
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/12—Setup of transport tunnels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/20—Manipulation of established connections
    • H04W76/22—Manipulation of transport tunnels

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of communications, and in particular to a data transmission method, device and system.
  • Interactive business refers to the business through which there is a strong interactive relationship between the user and the user or between the user and the environment.
  • cloud virtual reality technology Virtual Reality, VR
  • Figure 1 exemplarily shows a scene diagram of an interactive service.
  • the user holds a sensor in his hand.
  • the sensor on the user’s hand will “raise his hand.”
  • the corresponding data is sent to the server.
  • the server processes the received uplink data “action of raising hand”, it generates downlink data “action of raising hand”, and sends the downlink data "action of raising hand” to the terminal device
  • the display (shown as a mirror in Figure 1) is used to show the gesture of raising the hand. The user will finally see the "hand gesture” on the display.
  • the server sends the quality of service (Quality of Service, QoS) requirements of the service to the network (for example, the uplink transmission delay requirement of the VR service is 10 milliseconds (ms), and the downlink transmission delay requirement is 20 ms).
  • QoS Quality of Service
  • the network establishes corresponding Qos flow (flow) for uplink transmission and downlink transmission.
  • Qos flow corresponds to the quality of service parameters.
  • the terminal device and the network use the established Qos flow to transmit uplink data and downlink data to ensure service transmission. Time delay.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a data transmission method, device, and system, which are used to more accurately control the data transmission delay.
  • a data transmission method including: a first communication device receives a data packet in a first direction; the data packet in the first direction includes a timestamp for indicating the transmission time of the data packet in the first direction ; The first communication device receives a data packet in the second direction; wherein, the data packet in the first direction and the data packet in the second direction correspond to the same service; if the first direction is uplink, the second direction is Downlink; or, if the first direction is downlink, the second direction is uplink; the first communication device sends the data packet in the second direction according to the total transmission delay requirement and the transmission time of the data packet in the first direction ; Wherein, the total transmission delay demand is the sum of the transmission delay demand in the first direction and the transmission delay demand in the second direction. In this way, the data packets in the second direction can be scheduled according to the total transmission delay requirement of the service and the transmission time in the first direction, and the delay control can be performed for the second data packet at a finer granularity.
  • the data packet in the first direction includes a group identifier
  • the data packet in the second direction includes a group identifier
  • the first communication device after receiving the data packet in the second direction, the first communication device sends the data packet in the second direction.
  • the first communication device Before the data packet, it further includes: if the first communication device determines that the group identifier of the data packet in the second direction is associated with the group identifier of the data packet in the first direction, then determining the data packet in the first direction and The data packets in the second direction correspond to the same service. In this way, the data packets in the first direction and the data packets in the second direction that have a corresponding relationship can be determined through the group identifier, so as to lay a foundation for more fine-grained scheduling of data packets.
  • the group identifier included in the uplink data packet is carried in the Internet Protocol IP layer or the General Packet Radio Service Tunneling Protocol GTP layer of the uplink data packet; and/or, the downlink data packet includes The group identifier of is carried in the IP layer of the downlink data packet.
  • the first communication device sends the data packet in the second direction according to the total transmission delay requirement and the sending time of the data packet in the first direction, including: the first communication device sends the data packet in the second direction according to the total transmission delay
  • the difference between the demand and the transmission delay in the first direction determines the target transmission delay in the second direction; the first communication device sends the data packet in the second direction according to the target transmission delay in the second direction. Since the data packet in the first direction includes a time stamp, the transmission delay in the first direction can be determined. Furthermore, since the first communication device determines the target transmission delay in the second direction according to the difference between the total transmission delay requirement and the transmission delay in the first direction, the transmission time of the data packet in the second direction is controlled in a more fine-grained manner. Extension.
  • the first communication device sends the data packet in the second direction according to the total transmission delay requirement and the sending time of the data packet in the first direction, including: the first communication device sends the data packet in the second direction according to the total transmission delay The difference between the demand and the duration determines the target transmission delay in the second direction; the duration refers to the duration between the time when the first communication device receives the data packet in the second direction and the transmission time of the data packet in the first direction ; The first communication device sends a data packet in the second direction according to the target transmission delay in the second direction.
  • the transmission delay of the data packets in the second direction can be further controlled within a smaller range.
  • the method further includes: if the transmission delay requirement in the second direction of the data packet in the second direction is not satisfied For the target transmission delay in the second direction, one or more of the following is performed: reduce the transmission delay in the quality of service parameters of the data packet in the second direction; increase the transmission delay of the data packet in the second direction Send priority; increase the service transmission bit rate in the second direction; increase the service packet loss rate.
  • reduce the transmission delay requirement in the second direction is greater than the target transmission delay in the second direction
  • the scheduling of data packets in the second direction is not processed, the transmission delay of data packets in the second direction may be greater than that in the first direction.
  • the target transmission delay in the second direction may cause the total transmission delay to exceed the total transmission delay requirement.
  • one or more of the above measures are taken, so the actual transmission of data packets in the second direction can be improved Delay, so that the transmission delay of the data packet in the second direction is not greater than the target transmission delay in the second direction, thereby ensuring that the total transmission delay is not greater than the total transmission delay requirement. Since this solution can flexibly adjust the service quality parameters of a service, compared with the prior art, the data packets of each service can be controlled at a finer granularity, which can further improve the user experience.
  • the method further includes: the first communication device establishes through a session The process or session modification process obtains the total transmission delay requirement of the service. In this way, it can be compatible with the existing technology to obtain the total transmission delay requirement.
  • a data transmission method including: the second communication device determines that a service meets a first condition; the second communication device triggers a session modification process, and the session modification process is used to modify the service quality parameters of the service ;
  • the first condition includes one or more of the following: the transmission delay in the first direction of the service is greater than the transmission delay requirement in the first direction; wherein, if the first direction is uplink, then The second direction is downlink; or, if the first direction is downlink, the second direction is uplink; the transmission delay in the second direction of the service is greater than the transmission delay requirement in the second direction;
  • the total transmission delay is greater than the total transmission delay demand, and the total transmission delay is the sum of the uplink transmission delay and the downlink transmission delay; the total transmission delay demand is the sum of the uplink transmission delay demand and the downlink transmission delay demand.
  • the QoS parameter when the transmission delay corresponding to the service does not meet the transmission delay requirement, the QoS parameter can be modified through the triggered session modification process. That is to say, the QoS feedback mechanism is introduced in the embodiment of the present application to modify the QoS parameters when the transmission delay does not meet the transmission delay requirement.
  • the second communication device determines that the transmission delay corresponding to the service meets the first condition , Further including: the second communication device sends a delay detection data packet in the first direction according to the quality of service parameter in the first direction of the service, and the delay detection data packet in the first direction includes a data packet for indicating the first direction The time stamp of the transmission time of the delay detection data packet; the second communication device receives the delay detection data packet in the second direction, and the delay detection data packet in the second direction is based on the service quality parameter of the second direction of the service Wherein, if the first direction is uplink, the second direction is downlink; if the first direction is downlink, then the second direction is uplink; the second communication device is based on the delay in the second direction The reception time of the detection data packet and the transmission time of the first direction delay detection data packet are used to determine the total transmission delay of the service. In this way, the transmission delay of the service
  • the second communication device determines that the transmission delay corresponding to the service satisfies Before the first condition, the method further includes: the second communication device receives a delay detection data packet in a first direction, and the delay detection data packet in the first direction includes sending of a delay detection data packet for indicating the first direction Time stamp; the second communication device determines the transmission time of the service in the first direction according to the reception time of the delay detection data packet in the first direction and the transmission time of the delay detection data packet in the first direction Extension. In this way, whether to perform QoS feedback can be determined according to whether the transmission delay in the first direction meets the transmission delay requirement in the first direction.
  • the second communication device determines that the transmission delay corresponding to the service satisfies Before the second condition, it further includes: the second communication device receives a delay detection data packet in a second direction, and the delay detection data packet in the second direction includes sending of a delay detection data packet for indicating the second direction Time stamp; the second communication device determines the transmission time of the service in the second direction according to the reception time of the delay detection data packet in the second direction and the transmission time of the delay detection data packet in the second direction Extension. In this way, whether to perform QoS feedback can be determined according to whether the transmission delay in the second direction meets the transmission delay requirement in the second direction.
  • triggering the session modification process by the second communication device includes: the second communication device sends first signaling to the session management function network element; the first signaling is used to enable the session management function network element Meta sends a session modification request; wherein, the first signaling includes: indication information used to indicate the adjusted value of the parameter to be adjusted in the quality of service parameter; wherein, the parameter to be adjusted includes one or more of the following Items: Service quality flow identification, 5G service quality identification, data packet transmission delay, service transmission bit rate, and service packet loss rate. In this way, whether to perform QoS feedback can be determined according to whether the total transmission delay meets the total transmission delay requirement.
  • the second communication device includes: a terminal device, a core network element, or a server. In this way, the flexibility of the scheme can be improved.
  • a data transmission method including: a core network element receives a total transmission delay requirement of a service from an application server; the core network element determines the uplink of the service according to the total transmission delay requirement of the service The service quality parameter corresponding to the data packet and the service quality parameter corresponding to the downlink data packet.
  • the core network element can decompose the uplink and downlink QoS requirements according to the total transmission delay requirements of the service to obtain the service quality parameters corresponding to the uplink data packets and the service quality parameters corresponding to the downlink data packets of the service.
  • the server does not care about the uplink transmission delay and the downlink transmission delay, but is more concerned about the total transmission delay, so the server only needs to report The total transmission delay requirement can be as much as it needs. After that, the core network element will decompose the upstream and downstream QoS requirements. In this way, the work distribution among network elements is more reasonable.
  • one of the quality of service parameters corresponding to the uplink data packet and the quality of service parameters corresponding to the downlink data packet includes one or more of the following: QoS flow identification, 5G QoS identification, data packet transmission delay, service transmission bit rate and service packet loss rate. In this way, more detailed QoS requirements can be decomposed according to the total needs of the application server.
  • the core network element determines the uplink transmission delay demand and the downlink transmission delay demand of the service according to the total transmission delay demand of the service, including: the core network element determines the uplink transmission delay demand and the downlink transmission delay demand of the service according to the network capability And at least one of the network status, and the total transmission delay requirement of the service, determine the uplink transmission delay requirement and the downlink transmission delay requirement of the service.
  • the service quality parameters corresponding to the uplink data packets and the service quality parameters corresponding to the downlink data packets of the determined service can be more reasonable, and the actual delay of the data packet and the required delay error in the quality of service parameters can be reduced. .
  • the network capability includes: the uplink bandwidth capability of the network, and/or the downlink bandwidth capability of the network.
  • the network status includes one or more of the following: load conditions of the uplink of the access network; load conditions of the downlink of the access network; uplink delay detection data The upstream transmission delay of the packet; the downstream delay detection of the downstream transmission delay of the data packet.
  • the method further includes: The core network element sends the service quality parameter corresponding to the uplink data packet of the service and the service quality parameter corresponding to the downlink data packet to the session management network element through a session establishment process or a session modification process.
  • the session management network element may execute the service quality parameter corresponding to the uplink data packet and the service quality parameter corresponding to the downlink data packet, so as to perform QoS guarantee on the data packet.
  • a communication device for implementing the above-mentioned various methods.
  • the communication device may be the first communication device in the foregoing first aspect, or an apparatus including the foregoing first communication device.
  • the first communication device may be a user plane network element or a terminal device.
  • the communication device may be the second communication device of the foregoing second aspect, or an apparatus including the foregoing second communication device, where the second communication device may be a terminal device, a core network element, or a server.
  • the communication device may be the core network element in the third aspect, or a device including the above core network element.
  • the communication device includes modules, units, or means corresponding to the foregoing methods, and the modules, units, or means can be implemented by hardware, software, or hardware execution of corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the above-mentioned functions.
  • a communication device including: a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store computer instructions, and when the processor executes the instructions, the communication device executes the method of any one of the foregoing aspects.
  • the communication device may be the first communication device in the foregoing first aspect, or an apparatus including the foregoing first communication device.
  • the first communication device may be a user plane network element or a terminal device.
  • the communication device may be the second communication device of the foregoing second aspect, or an apparatus including the foregoing second communication device, where the second communication device may be a terminal device, a core network element, or a server.
  • the communication device may be the core network element in the third aspect, or a device including the above core network element.
  • a communication device including: a processor; the processor is configured to couple with a memory, and after reading an instruction in the memory, execute the method according to any one of the foregoing aspects according to the instruction.
  • the communication device may be the first communication device in the foregoing first aspect, or an apparatus including the foregoing first communication device.
  • the first communication device may be a user plane network element or a terminal device.
  • the communication device may be the second communication device of the foregoing second aspect, or an apparatus including the foregoing second communication device, where the second communication device may be a terminal device, a core network element, or a server.
  • the communication device may be the core network element in the third aspect, or a device including the above core network element.
  • a computer-readable storage medium stores instructions that, when run on a computer, enable the computer to execute the method in any of the above-mentioned aspects.
  • a computer program product containing instructions which when running on a computer, enables the computer to execute the method in any of the above-mentioned aspects.
  • a communication device for example, the communication device may be a chip or a chip system
  • the communication device includes a processor for implementing the functions involved in any of the foregoing aspects.
  • the communication device further includes a memory for storing necessary program instructions and data.
  • the communication device is a chip system, it may be composed of a chip, or may include a chip and other discrete devices.
  • the technical effects brought by any one of the design methods of the fourth aspect to the ninth aspect can be referred to the technical effects brought about by the different design methods in the first aspect, the second aspect, or the third aspect. Go into details.
  • a communication system in a tenth aspect, includes: a first communication device and an application server.
  • the first direction is upward, and the second direction is downward.
  • the first communication device is configured to: receive data packets in the first direction, receive data packets in the second direction from the application server, and send the second data packet according to the total transmission delay requirement and the transmission time of the data packets in the first direction.
  • the direction of the packet is configured to receive a data packet in a first direction from the first communication device, and send a data packet in the second direction to the first communication device.
  • the data packet in the first direction includes a time stamp for indicating the sending time of the data packet in the first direction; the data packet in the first direction and the data packet in the second direction correspond to the same service; the total The transmission delay demand is the sum of the transmission delay demand in the first direction and the transmission delay demand in the second direction.
  • a communication system in an eleventh aspect, includes: a first communication device and an application server.
  • the first direction is downward, and the second direction is upward.
  • the first communication device is configured to: receive data packets in the first direction from the application server, receive data packets in the second direction, and send to the application server according to the total transmission delay requirement and the sending time of the data packets in the first direction Data packets in the second direction.
  • the application server is configured to send data packets in the first direction to the first communication device, and receive data packets in the second direction from the first communication device.
  • the data packet in the first direction includes a time stamp for indicating the sending time of the data packet in the first direction; the data packet in the first direction and the data packet in the second direction correspond to the same service; the total The transmission delay demand is the sum of the transmission delay demand in the first direction and the transmission delay demand in the second direction.
  • a communication system in a twelfth aspect, includes a core network element and an application server.
  • the core network element is used to receive the total transmission delay requirement of the service from the application server, and determine the service quality parameter corresponding to the uplink data packet of the service and the service quality parameter corresponding to the downlink data packet according to the total transmission delay requirement of the service .
  • the application server is used to send the total transmission delay requirement of the service to the core network element.
  • Figure 1 is a scene diagram of an interactive service
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication system provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 4 is a 5G network architecture in a non-roaming scenario provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • Fig. 5 is a 5G network architecture in another non-roaming scenario provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture
  • Figure 9 is a schematic flow diagram of a session establishment process
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic flowchart of a session modification process
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • At least one item (a) refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item (a) or a plurality of items (a).
  • at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple .
  • words such as “first” and “second” are used to distinguish the same or similar items with substantially the same function and effect.
  • words such as “first” and “second” do not limit the quantity and order of execution, and words such as “first” and “second” do not limit the difference.
  • words such as “exemplary” or “for example” are used as examples, illustrations, or illustrations. Any embodiment or design solution described as “exemplary” or “for example” in the embodiments of the present application should not be construed as being more preferable or advantageous than other embodiments or design solutions.
  • words such as “exemplary” or “for example” are used to present related concepts in a specific manner to facilitate understanding.
  • Fig. 2 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a communication system architecture provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication system 1100 includes: a first communication device 1101 and an application server 1102.
  • the first communication device 1101 and the application server 1102 may directly communicate with each other, or may communicate through the forwarding of other devices, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application can provide two possible implementation manners.
  • the first direction is uplink
  • the second direction is downlink
  • the first communication device 1101 is configured to receive data packets in the first direction, receive data packets in the second direction from the application server 1102, and send the data packets in the first direction according to the total transmission delay requirement and the transmission time of the data packets in the first direction. Data packets in both directions.
  • the application server 1102 is configured to receive a data packet in the first direction from the first communication device 1101, and send the data packet in the second direction to the first communication device 1101.
  • the data packet in the first direction includes a time stamp for indicating the sending time of the data packet in the first direction; the data packet in the first direction and the data packet in the second direction correspond to the same service; the total The transmission delay demand is the sum of the transmission delay demand in the first direction and the transmission delay demand in the second direction.
  • the first direction is downlink
  • the second direction is uplink
  • the first communication device 1101 is configured to: receive data packets in the first direction from the application server 1102, receive data packets in the second direction, and send data packets to the application according to the total transmission delay requirement and the transmission time of the data packets in the first direction.
  • the server 1102 sends the data packet in the second direction.
  • the application server 1102 is configured to send data packets in the first direction to the first communication device 1101, and receive data packets in the second direction from the first communication device 1101.
  • the data packet in the first direction includes a time stamp for indicating the sending time of the data packet in the first direction; the data packet in the first direction and the data packet in the second direction correspond to the same service; the total The transmission delay demand is the sum of the transmission delay demand in the first direction and the transmission delay demand in the second direction.
  • the second data packet can be timed at a finer granularity. ⁇ Extension control.
  • FIG. 3 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a communication system architecture provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication system 1200 includes a core network element 1201 and an application server 1202.
  • the core network element 1201 and the application server 1202 can communicate directly, or communicate through the forwarding of other devices, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the core network element 1201 is used to receive the total transmission delay requirement of the service from the application server 1202, and according to the total transmission delay requirement of the service, determine the service quality parameter corresponding to the uplink data packet of the service and the corresponding downlink data packet Quality of service parameters.
  • the application server 1202 is used to send the total transmission delay requirement of the service to the core network element 1201. So, on the one hand, because for some services, such as the interactive services mentioned in Figure 1 above, the server does not care about the uplink transmission delay and the downlink transmission delay, but more concerned about the total transmission delay, so the server Just report how much total transmission delay demand you need. After that, the core network element will decompose the upstream and downstream QoS requirements. In this way, the work distribution among network elements is more reasonable.
  • the communication system 1100 shown in FIG. 2 or the communication system 1200 shown in FIG. 3 may be applied to the 5G network currently under discussion or other future networks, etc., which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the above-mentioned first communication device may be a user plane.
  • the network element can also be a terminal device.
  • the user plane network element is a user plane function (UPF) network element in the non-roaming 5G network architecture.
  • the core network network element in the embodiment of the present application may include any one of a network opening function network element, an access and mobility management network element, and a session management network element.
  • the network exposure function network element may be a network exposure function (NEF) network element in the non-roaming 5G network architecture.
  • the access and mobility management network element may be an access and mobility management function (AMF) network element in the non-roaming 5G network architecture.
  • the session management network element may be a session management function (SMF) network element in the non-roaming 5G network architecture.
  • the core network network element may also be other network elements located in the core network in the non-roaming 5G network architecture.
  • the non-roaming 5G network architecture may also include (radio access network, (R)AN) equipment, data network (DN), and policy control network elements. It is a policy control function (PCF) network element, an authentication server function (authentication server function, AUSF) network element, a unified data management (UDM) network element, and an application function (AF) network element Or some other unshown network elements, such as network repository function (NRF) network elements, etc., which are not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • PCF policy control function
  • AUSF authentication server function
  • UDM unified data management
  • AF application function
  • NRF network repository function
  • the terminal device communicates with the AMF network element through the next generation network (next generation, N) 1 interface (N1)
  • the RAN device communicates with the AMF network element through the N2 interface (N2)
  • the RAN device communicates with the AMF network element through the N3 interface (N3).
  • UPF network element communicates with DN through N6 interface (abbreviated as N6)
  • AMF network element communicates with SMF network element through N11 interface (abbreviated as N11)
  • AMF network element communicates with UDM network element through N8 interface (abbreviated as N8) Communication
  • AMF network element communicates with AUSF network element through N12 interface (abbreviated as N12)
  • AMF network element communicates with PCF network element through N15 interface (abbreviated as N15)
  • SMF network element communicates with PCF network element through N7 interface (abbreviated as N7)
  • SMF network element communicates with UPF network element through N4 interface (abbreviated as N4)
  • SMF network element communicates with UDM network element through N10 interface (abbreviated as N10)
  • UDM network element communicates with AUSF network element through N13 interface (abbreviated as N13)
  • PCF network The element communicates with the AF network element through the N5 interface (N5 for short).
  • control plane network elements such as AMF network elements, SMF network elements, UDM network elements, AUSF network elements, PCF network elements, or AF network elements in the non-roaming 5G network architecture shown in Figure 4 can also be used Service-oriented interface for interaction.
  • the service-oriented interface provided by the AMF network element can be Namf
  • the service-oriented interface provided by the SMF network element can be Nsmf
  • the service-oriented interface provided by the UDM network element can be Nudm
  • the servicing interface provided externally can be Npcf
  • the servicing interface provided externally by the AUSF network element can be Nausf
  • the servicing interface provided externally by the AF network element can be Naf.
  • the 5G system architecture in the 23501 standard which will not be repeated here.
  • the communication system 1100 shown in FIG. 2 or the communication system 1200 shown in FIG. 3 can also be applied to a 5G network architecture in a local breakout roaming scenario or a 5G network architecture in a home routed roaming scenario. At this time, only the relevant network elements need to be adaptively replaced, which will not be repeated here.
  • the terminal device in the embodiment of the present application may be a device used to implement a wireless communication function, such as a terminal or a chip that can be used in a terminal.
  • the terminal may be a user equipment (UE), an access terminal, a terminal unit, a terminal station, a mobile station, a mobile station, a remote station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, and wireless communication in a 5G network or a future evolved PLMN.
  • the access terminal can be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), with wireless communication Functional handheld devices, computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, vehicle-mounted devices or wearable devices, virtual reality (VR) terminal devices, augmented reality (AR) terminal devices, industrial control (industrial) Wireless terminal in control), wireless terminal in self-driving (self-driving), wireless terminal in remote medical (remote medical), wireless terminal in smart grid (smart grid), wireless terminal in transportation safety (transportation safety) Terminals, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, etc.
  • the terminal can be mobile or fixed.
  • the RAN equipment in the embodiments of the present application refers to equipment that accesses the core network, such as a base station, a broadband network gateway (BNG), an aggregation switch, and a non-third-generation partnership plan ( 3rd generation partnership project, 3GPP) access equipment, etc.
  • Base stations may include various forms of base stations, such as macro base stations, micro base stations (also called small stations), relay stations, and access points.
  • the first communication device, the second communication device, the core network element, or the application server in the embodiment of the present application may also be referred to as a communication device, which may be a general-purpose device or a special-purpose device.
  • a communication device which may be a general-purpose device or a special-purpose device. The embodiment does not specifically limit this.
  • the related functions of the first communication device, the second communication device, the core network element, or the application server in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented by one device, or by multiple devices, or by One or more functional modules in a device are implemented, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application. It is understandable that the above functions can be network elements in hardware devices, software functions running on dedicated hardware, or a combination of hardware and software, or instantiated on a platform (for example, a cloud platform) Virtualization function.
  • a platform for example, a cloud platform
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 1400 provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the communication device 1400 includes one or more processors 1401, a communication line 1402, and at least one communication interface (in FIG. 6 it is only an example that includes a communication interface 1404 and a processor 1401 as an example), optional
  • the memory 1403 may also be included.
  • the processor 1401 can be a general-purpose central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more programs for controlling the execution of the program of this application. integrated circuit.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • the communication line 1402 may include a path for connecting different components.
  • the communication interface 1404 may be a transceiver module for communicating with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, RAN, and wireless local area networks (WLAN).
  • the transceiver module may be a device such as a transceiver or a transceiver.
  • the communication interface 1404 may also be a transceiver circuit located in the processor 1401 to implement signal input and signal output of the processor.
  • the memory 1403 may be a device having a storage function. For example, it can be read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, random access memory (RAM), or other types that can store information and instructions Dynamic storage devices can also be electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), or other optical disk storage, optical disc storage ( Including compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or can be used to carry or store desired program codes in the form of instructions or data structures and can be stored by a computer Any other media taken, but not limited to this.
  • the memory may exist independently, and is connected to the processor through a communication line 1402. The memory can also be integrated with the processor.
  • the memory 1403 is used to store computer-executed instructions for executing the solution of the present application, and the processor 1401 controls the execution.
  • the processor 1401 is configured to execute computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 1403, so as to implement the method for reporting session management information provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the processor 1401 may also perform processing related functions in the method for reporting session management information provided in the following embodiments of the present application, and the communication interface 1404 is responsible for communicating with other devices or communication networks. Communication, this embodiment of the application does not specifically limit this.
  • the computer execution instructions in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as application program codes, which are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the processor 1401 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 in FIG. 6.
  • the communication device 1400 may include multiple processors, such as the processor 1401 and the processor 1408 in FIG. 6. Each of these processors can be a single-core processor or a multi-core processor.
  • the processor here may include but is not limited to at least one of the following: central processing unit (CPU), microprocessor, digital signal processor (DSP), microcontroller (microcontroller unit, MCU), or artificial intelligence
  • CPU central processing unit
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • MCU microcontroller unit
  • computing devices such as processors that run software.
  • Each computing device may include one or more cores for executing software instructions to perform operations or processing.
  • the communication device 1400 may further include an output device 1405 and an input device 1406.
  • the output device 1405 communicates with the processor 1401, and can display information in a variety of ways.
  • the output device 1405 may be a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display device, a cathode ray tube (CRT) display device, or a projector (projector) Wait.
  • the input device 1406 communicates with the processor 1401, and can receive user input in a variety of ways.
  • the input device 1406 may be a mouse, a keyboard, a touch screen device, or a sensor device.
  • the aforementioned communication device 1400 may sometimes be referred to as a communication device, which may be a general-purpose device or a special-purpose device.
  • the communication device 1400 may be a desktop computer, a portable computer, a network server, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a wireless terminal device, an embedded device, the above-mentioned terminal device, the above-mentioned network device, or a picture 6 similar structure equipment.
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the type of the communication device 1400.
  • the first direction is the uplink and the second direction is the downlink.
  • the first communication device is a network element (for example, it may be a user plane network element) as an example. In other possible implementation manners, the first communication device may also be a terminal device.
  • the method of the data transmission method includes the following steps:
  • Step 301 The first communication device acquires a data packet in the first direction; the data packet in the first direction includes a time stamp for indicating the sending time of the data packet in the first direction.
  • the first communication device may send the data packet in the first direction to 301 after receiving the data packet in the first direction sent by the terminal device.
  • Step 302 The first communication device acquires the data packet in the second direction; wherein the data packet in the first direction and the data packet in the second direction correspond to the same service.
  • the same service may correspond to multiple data packets, for example, it may include one or more uplink data packets and one or more downlink data packets.
  • the data flow of the same service in the embodiment of this application may include the following scenarios.
  • the terminal device may send uplink data to the server, and the downlink data is a response to the uplink data.
  • the uplink data and the Downlink data can be referred to as a service data stream.
  • the server may send downlink data to the terminal, and the uplink data is a response to the downlink data.
  • the downlink data and the uplink data may be referred to as a service data stream.
  • the data packet in the first direction and the data packet in the second direction correspond to the same service, which means that the data packet in the second direction is generated on the basis of the data packet in the first direction.
  • the downlink data "hand-raising action” mentioned in Figure 1 is generated based on the uplink data "hand-raising action”, which can be called the uplink data "hand-raising action” and uplink data mentioned in Figure 1
  • the action of raising a hand corresponds to the same business.
  • the data packet in the first direction is request signaling used to request some data
  • the data packet in the second direction generated based on the data packet in the first direction may carry the requested data.
  • the data packet in the first direction and the data packet in the second direction correspond to the same service.
  • Step 303 The first communication device determines the target transmission delay in the second direction according to the total transmission delay requirement and the transmission time of the data packet in the first direction.
  • the total transmission delay demand is the sum of the transmission delay demand in the first direction and the transmission delay demand in the second direction.
  • Step 304 The first communication device sends a data packet in the second direction according to the target transmission delay in the second direction.
  • the data packets in the second direction can be scheduled according to the total transmission delay requirement of the service and the transmission delay in the first direction. That is to say, the embodiment of the present application can perform delay control at a finer granularity such as the second data packet, while the existing solution only performs coarse-grained control on all the data of the upstream service flow and all the data of the downstream service flow of the service.
  • QoS control In conjunction with Figure 1, the existing solution only performs coarse-grained QoS control on all the data of the upstream service flow and all the data of the downstream service flow of the VR service, but it cannot deal with the more fine-grained data packets in the VR service.
  • the first direction is the uplink and the second direction is the downlink.
  • the first communication Suppose it can receive data packets in the first direction from the application server and send it to the terminal device, receive data packets in the second direction from the terminal device, and send data packets in the first direction according to the total transmission delay requirement Time sends data packets in the second direction to the application server.
  • Fig. 7 only uses the first communication device as an example.
  • the first communication device is a terminal device
  • the first direction is downlink
  • the second direction is uplink.
  • the first communication device receives the data packet in the first direction from the application server, and sends the generated data packet in the second direction to the application server according to the total transmission delay requirement and the sending time of the data packet in the first direction.
  • the first communication device obtains the first The group identifier of the data packet in the first direction; if the first communication device determines that the group identifier of the data packet in the second direction is associated with the group identifier of the data packet in the first direction, then it determines the data packet in the first direction and The data packets in the second direction correspond to the same service.
  • the data packet in the first direction includes a group identifier
  • the data packet in the second direction includes a group identifier.
  • the association relationship between the two group identifiers can be determined according to the characteristics of the group identifier itself, or it can be calculated according to a preset calculation formula that the two group identifiers have an association relationship, or the query group identifier corresponds to
  • the relationship table is used to determine that two group IDs have an association relationship.
  • the group identifier correspondence table includes some group identifiers with association relationships.
  • the group identifier of the data packet in the second direction has an associated relationship with the group identifier of the data packet in the first direction, including: the group identifier of the data packet in the second direction and the group identifier of the data packet in the first direction same.
  • the group identifier of the data packet in the second direction has an associated relationship with the group identifier of the data packet in the first direction, including: the preset field in the group identifier of the data packet in the second direction and the data packet in the first direction
  • the preset field of the group ID of the data packet is the same.
  • the preset field may be a part of the field in the group identification, for example, may be the first 3 characters in the group identification.
  • the association between the group identifier of the data packet in the second direction and the group identifier of the data packet in the first direction includes: taking the group identifier of the data packet in the first direction as input, and running a preset calculation formula, If the output value is the same as the group identifier of the data packet in the second direction, it is determined that the group identifier of the data packet in the second direction has an association relationship with the group identifier of the data packet in the first direction.
  • the association between the group identifier of the data packet in the second direction and the group identifier of the data packet in the first direction includes: querying the group identifier correspondence table, if the group identifier of the data packet in the first direction is in the group identifier If the corresponding group identifier in the correspondence table is the same as the group identifier of the data packet in the second direction, it is determined that the group identifier of the data packet in the second direction has an association relationship with the group identifier of the data packet in the first direction.
  • the position of the group identifier can be implemented in multiple ways. Several possible implementation manners are provided in the embodiments of this application.
  • Figure 8 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a network architecture. As shown in Figure 8, it shows the application layer, transport layer, Internet Protocol (IP) layer and Service Data Adaptation on the terminal device side. Protocol, SDAP) layer. Also shown are the SDAP layer and the General Packet Radio Service Tunneling Protocol (GTP) layer on the RAN side, and the GTP layer and the IP layer on the UPF side.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • SDAP Service Data Adaptation
  • SDAP Service Data Adaptation
  • SDAP Service Data Adaptation
  • SDAP Service Data Adaptation Protocol
  • SDAP General Packet Radio Service Tunneling Protocol
  • GTP General Packet Radio Service Tunneling Protocol
  • the terminal device For an uplink data packet, the terminal device generates an uplink data packet, and the uplink data packet is sent to the UPF via the RAN.
  • the terminal device side adds a group identifier to the uplink data packets at the application layer.
  • the terminal device writes the group identifier of the upstream data packet read from the application layer into the IP layer, for example, it can be written into the option of the IP layer.
  • the terminal device writes the group identifier of the uplink data packet read from the IP layer into the header of the SDAP layer.
  • the terminal device may time stamp the uplink data packet of the interactive service, for example, stamp the SDAP layer of the uplink data packet, and the time stamp is used to indicate the transmission time of the uplink data packet.
  • the terminal device sends the uplink data packet to the RAN.
  • the RAN can read the group identifier from the SDAP layer, and write the group identifier into the GTP layer of the uplink data packet.
  • the RAN sends the uplink data packet to the UPF. After the UPF receives the upstream data packet, it can obtain the group identifier of the upstream data packet from the GTP layer. After the server receives the upstream data packet, it can obtain the group identifier of the upstream data packet from the GTP layer.
  • the terminal device side adds a group identifier to the uplink data packet at the application layer.
  • the terminal device writes the group identifier of the upstream data packet read from the application layer into the IP layer, for example, it can be written into the option of the IP layer.
  • the terminal device sends the uplink data packet to the UPF through the RAN. After the UPF receives the upstream data packet, it can obtain the group identifier of the upstream data packet from the IP layer. After the server receives the upstream data packet, it can obtain the group identifier of the upstream data packet from the IP layer.
  • the server after the server receives the upstream data packet, when generating the downstream data packet according to the upstream data packet, it will read the group identifier in the upstream data packet, and The group identifier associated with the group identifier is carried in the downlink data packet.
  • the group identifier included in the downlink data packet may be carried in the IP layer of the downlink data packet.
  • the server sends the downstream data packet to UPF. After the UPF receives the downlink data packet, it can read the group identifier carried in the downlink data packet from the IP layer (for example, the option of the IP layer). After receiving the downstream data packet, the terminal device can read the group identifier carried in the downstream data packet from the IP layer (such as the option of the IP layer).
  • the first communication device determines the target transmission delay in the second direction according to the total transmission delay requirement and the transmission time of the data packet in the first direction
  • the method includes: the first communication device determines the transmission delay in the first direction according to the time when the data packet in the first direction is received and the time stamp in the data packet in the first direction.
  • the first communication device determines the target transmission delay in the second direction according to the total transmission delay requirement and the difference in the transmission delay in the first direction.
  • the transmission delay in the first direction may refer to the transmission delay between the terminal device and the application server.
  • the transmission delay in the first direction may refer to the transmission delay between the terminal device and the user plane network element.
  • the transmission delay in the first direction may refer to the transmission delay between the terminal device and the application server or the transmission delay between the terminal device and the user plane network element.
  • FIG. 8 Take the example shown in FIG. 8 to illustrate. As shown in FIG. 8, taking the first communication device as the UPF as an example, after the UPF receives an uplink data packet, it can record the arrival time of the uplink data packet. , And calculate the uplink transmission delay of the uplink data packet according to the time stamp in the uplink data packet, and then use the difference between the total transmission delay demand and the uplink transmission delay as the target transmission delay of the downlink data packet .
  • the first communication device determines the target transmission delay in the second direction according to the total transmission delay requirement and the transmission time of the data packet in the first direction. , Including: the first communication device determines the time length between the time when the data packet in the second direction is received and the time stamp. The first communication device determines the target transmission delay in the second direction according to the difference between the total transmission delay requirement and the duration. Take the example shown in FIG. 8 for exemplary description. As shown in FIG.
  • the UPF receives the uplink data packet and the downlink data packet, and when it receives the downlink data packet In the case of, record the arrival time of the received downstream data packet, calculate the time between the time stamp of the upstream data packet and the time when the downstream data packet reaches the UPF, and compare the total transmission delay requirement with the The difference in duration is used as the target transmission delay.
  • the transmission delay of the data packet in the second direction can be made to meet the target transmission delay in the second direction as much as possible, for example, the transmission delay of the data packet in the second direction is not greater than the target transmission time in the second direction.
  • the total transmission delay requirement is 20ms
  • when the transmission delay of the uplink data packet is 5ms when the UPF receives the downlink data packet, it should control the transmission delay of the downlink data packet to not exceed 15ms, 15ms It can be called the downlink target transmission delay.
  • this solution can schedule data packets in the second direction more flexibly, accurately, and with a finer granularity. Sent.
  • the network can guarantee the QoS of the transmitted service through the QoS flow mechanism.
  • a QoS flow can be established between the terminal device and the user plane network element, and services with the same QoS can be transmitted through the same QoS flow.
  • a QoS flow1 and a QoS flow2 can be established, which are respectively used to transmit data corresponding to the two types of QoS.
  • the QoS flow in the embodiment of this application correspondingly includes multiple QoS parameters.
  • Table 1 exemplarily shows a schematic table of some QoS parameters.
  • service quality parameters can include 5G QoS identifier (5G QoS identifier, 5QI), transmission delay (Packet Delay Budget), and packet error rate (Packet Error Rate). Error Rate), Priority (Default Priority Level), etc.
  • 5G QoS identifier 5G QoS identifier, 5QI
  • transmission delay Packet Delay Budget
  • Packet Error Rate Packet Error Rate
  • Error Rate Packet Error Rate
  • Priority Default Priority Level
  • QoS parameters also include many, for example, they may also include service transmission bit rate, service packet loss rate and other parameters.
  • 5QI is a scalar, used to index the corresponding 5G QoS features. 5QI is divided into standardized 5QI, pre-configured 5QI and dynamically allocated 5QI.
  • the standardized 5QI there is a one-to-one correspondence with a set of standardized 5G QoS characteristic values; for the pre-configured 5QI, the corresponding 5G QoS characteristic values are pre-configured on the RAN device; for the dynamically allocated 5QI, the corresponding 5G QoS characteristics are determined by the core
  • the network equipment is sent to the RAN equipment through a QoS profile (QoS profile).
  • the priority indicates the priority of scheduling resources in the QoS flow.
  • the foregoing step 304 in an implementation manner that may implement the foregoing step 304, if the transmission delay requirement in the second direction of the second direction of the data packet does not meet the target transmission delay in the second direction, then Before sending the data packet in the second direction, the service quality parameter of the data packet in the second direction is adjusted, and then the data packet in the second direction is sent according to the adjusted service quality parameter.
  • the adjustment of the quality of service parameters involved in the embodiments of this application may include the QoS Flow Identifier (QFI), 5QI, data packet transmission delay, service transmission bit rate, and service packet loss rate of the service.
  • QFI QoS Flow Identifier
  • 5QI data packet transmission delay
  • service transmission bit rate service transmission bit rate
  • service packet loss rate service packet loss rate of the service.
  • One or more adjustments when the transmission delay requirement in the second direction of the data packet in the second direction does not meet the target transmission time delay in the second direction, the quality of service parameter needs to be adjusted to make the transmission speed of the data packet in the second direction accelerate.
  • one or more of the following can be performed for data packets in the second direction:
  • the transmission delay in the quality of service parameter of the data packet in the second direction after the reduction is adjusted to meet the target transmission delay in the second direction as much as possible, for example,
  • the reduced transmission delay in the quality of service parameters of the data packets in the second direction is not greater than the target transmission delay in the second direction.
  • this solution can modify the quality of service parameters to achieve the effect of controlling the sending of data packets in the second direction with a finer granularity.
  • the priority may include QFI and/or 5QI, and the increased priority of the data packet in the second direction will try to meet the target transmission time in the second direction. For example, send the data packet in the second direction according to the increased priority of the data packet in the second direction. In this case, the transmission delay of the data packet in the second direction in the second direction is not greater than the target in the second direction. Transmission delay. In this way, compared to the prior art scheme that only sends data packets in the second direction according to the quality of service parameters in Qos flow, this scheme can modify the priority to achieve finer granularity control The effect of sending data packets in the second direction.
  • the first communication device obtains the total transmission delay requirement.
  • the total transmission delay requirement can be obtained through a variety of implementation methods, for example, the session establishment process, the session modification process, and the public data network (Public Data Network, PDN) connection process can be used to obtain the total transmission delay requirement of the service.
  • the session establishment process is a packet data unit (packet data unit, PDU) session establishment process
  • the session modification process is a PDU session modification process as an example.
  • the PDU session may be an association between a terminal device and a data network (data network, DN), and is used to provide a PDU connection service.
  • FIG. 9 exemplarily shows a schematic flowchart of a session establishment process. As shown in Figure 9, it includes:
  • Step 501 The terminal device sends a PDU session establishment request message to the AMF, and the AMF receives the PDU session establishment request message.
  • the PDU session establishment request message may be, for example, PDU Session Establishment Request.
  • step 502 the AMF transmits a PDU session establishment request message to the SMF, and the SMF receives the PDU session establishment request message.
  • the PDU session establishment request message in step 502 may be, for example, Nsmf_PDU Session_CreateSMContext Request.
  • Step 503 SMF obtains session-related subscription information from UDM.
  • the session-related subscription information may be (Subscription retrieval/Subscription for updates), for example.
  • step 504 the SMF feeds back the PDU session response message to the AMF, and the AMF receives the PDU session response message.
  • the PDU session response message in step 504 may be, for example, Nsmf_PDUSession_CreateSMContext Response.
  • Step 505 The SMF obtains session-related policy rule information from the PCF.
  • the session-related policy rule information may be, for example, SM Policy Association Establishment or SMF initiated SM Policy Association Modification.
  • Step 506 The SMF sends a session establishment request to the UPF, and the UPF receives the session establishment request.
  • the session establishment request may be (N4 Session Establishment Request), for example.
  • Step 506 can be used to establish a downlink data connection of the core network.
  • step 507 the UPF sends a session establishment response to the SMF, and the SMF receives the session establishment response.
  • the session establishment response may be, for example, N4 Session Establishment Response.
  • step 508 the SMF sends a PDU session establishment request message to the AMF, and the AMF receives the PDU session establishment request message.
  • the PDU session establishment request message in step 508 may be Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer, for example.
  • Step 509 The AMF sends a PDU session establishment request to the RAN, and the RAN receives the PDU session establishment request.
  • the PDU session establishment request in step 509 may be, for example, N2 PDU Session Request (NAS msg).
  • NAS msg N2 PDU Session Request
  • the N2 PDU Session Request may be used to trigger the RAN to establish air interface resources for the PDU session.
  • Step 510 After establishing air interface resources for the PDU session, the RAN sends a PDU session establishment request to the terminal device, and the terminal device receives the PDU session establishment request.
  • the PDU session establishment request in step 510 may be, for example, AN-specific resource setup (PDU Session Establishment Accept).
  • Step 511 The RAN sends a PDU session establishment response to the AMF, and the AMF receives the PDU session establishment response.
  • the PDU session establishment response in step 511 may be, for example, N2 PDU Session Response.
  • the downlink transmission channel of user plane data can be established through the following steps 512 to 516.
  • Step 512 The terminal device sends the first uplink data to the UPF, and the UPF receives the first uplink data.
  • the first uplink data may be First Uplink Data, for example.
  • step 513 the AMF sends a PDU session update request to the SMF, and the SMF receives the PDU session update request.
  • the PDU session update request may be, for example, Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext Request.
  • step 514 the SMF sends a session modification request to the UPF, and the UPF receives the session modification request.
  • the session modification request may be N4 Session Modification Request, for example.
  • step 515 the UPF sends a session modification response to the SMF, and the SMF receives the session modification response.
  • the session modification response may be N4 Session Modification Response, for example.
  • Step 516 The UPF sends the first downlink data to the terminal device, and the terminal device receives the first downlink data.
  • the first downlink data may be First Downlink Data, for example.
  • the policy rule information of the terminal device may include an uplink transmission delay requirement and a downlink transmission delay requirement.
  • the first communication device may be a terminal device or a user plane network element.
  • the SMF can obtain the uplink transmission delay demand and the downlink transmission delay demand from the PCF through the above step 505. Further, through step 508, the uplink transmission delay demand and the downlink transmission delay demand can be sent by the SMF to the UPF.
  • the SMF can obtain the uplink transmission delay demand and the downlink transmission delay demand from the PCF through the above step 505. Further, through the above step 508, the SMF transmits the uplink transmission delay requirement and the downlink transmission delay requirement of the service to the AMF, and further through the above step 509 and step 510, the AMF converts the uplink transmission delay requirement and the downlink transmission delay requirement of the service The demand is sent to the terminal device.
  • the corresponding service identifier when the uplink transmission delay requirement and the downlink transmission delay requirement are transmitted between various communication devices (for example, between the AMF and the terminal device), the corresponding service identifier can also be transmitted, and the service identifier can be It is a data quintuple.
  • the identifier of the service corresponding to the uplink transmission delay requirement may be the quintuple of uplink data
  • the identifier of the service corresponding to the downlink transmission delay requirement may be the quintuple of downlink data.
  • FIG. 10 exemplarily shows a schematic flowchart of a session modification process. As shown in Figure 10, it includes:
  • Step 601 Triggering the session modification process
  • step 601 the PDU session modification process can be triggered by various events, such as the update of policy rules.
  • step 602 if the session modification causes the SMF to request the session policy authorization again, the session policy is updated between the SMF and the PCF.
  • the SMF invokes the N1/N2 messaging service of the AMF, and sends the updated session information of the N1 and/or N2 interface to the AMF.
  • the N1 session information may include the QoS rules sent to the UE, and the N2 session information may include the QoS configuration files sent to the AN.
  • the message name used in step 603 may be different.
  • step 604 the AMF sends the N1 and/or N2 session information obtained from the SMF to the AN through the N2 message.
  • step 605 the AN initiates an air interface resource modification process according to the received updated QoS parameters, and updates the air interface resources involved in the session modification.
  • the AN receives an N1 message from the SMF (such as a PDU session modification instruction or a response message)
  • the AN sends the N1 message to the UE.
  • step 606 the AN sends an N2 response message to the AMF, including the accepted QoS Flow Identifier (QFI) list and/or the rejected QFI list.
  • QFI QoS Flow Identifier
  • step 607 the AMF invokes the session modification service of the SMF, and sends the information obtained from the AN to the SMF.
  • step 608 if necessary, the SMF performs session information update. Specifically, the SMF updates the new session information (such as updated QoS parameters) to the UPF through the N4 interface.
  • the SMF updates the new session information (such as updated QoS parameters) to the UPF through the N4 interface.
  • the policy rule information of the terminal device may include an uplink transmission delay requirement and a downlink transmission delay requirement.
  • the first communication device may be a terminal device or a user plane network element.
  • the SMF can obtain the uplink transmission delay demand and the downlink transmission delay demand from the PCF through the above step 602. Further, the uplink transmission delay demand and the downlink transmission delay demand can be sent from the SMF to the UPF through step 608.
  • the SMF can obtain the uplink transmission delay requirement and the downlink transmission delay requirement from the PCF through the above step 602. Further, through the above step 603, the SMF transmits the uplink transmission delay requirement and the downlink transmission delay requirement of the service to the AMF, and further through the above step 604 and step 605, the AMF converts the uplink transmission delay requirement and the downlink transmission delay requirement of the service. The demand is sent to the terminal device.
  • FIG. 11 exemplarily shows a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method.
  • the method may be executed by a second communication device, and the second communication device may include: a terminal device, a core network element, or a server.
  • the core network element may include the UPF in FIG. 2 above, for example.
  • the first direction is the uplink and the second direction is the downlink as an example.
  • the second communication device is the terminal device as an example for introduction, as shown in FIG. 11, including:
  • Step 713 The second communication device sends a delay detection data packet in the first direction according to the quality of service parameter in the first direction of the service.
  • the delay detection data packet in the first direction includes a delay detection data packet for indicating the first direction. Timestamp of the sending time.
  • Step 714 The second communication device receives the delay detection data packet in the second direction.
  • the delay detection data packet in the second direction is sent according to the quality of service parameter in the second direction of the service; the second communication device receives the delay detection data packet in the second direction.
  • the receiving time of the delay detection data packet and the sending time of the delay detection data packet in the first direction determine the total transmission delay of the service.
  • Step 701 The second communication device determines that the service meets the first condition.
  • Step 702 The second communication device triggers a session modification process, and the session modification process is used to modify the service quality parameters of the service;
  • the first condition includes one or more of the following:
  • the transmission delay in the first direction of the service is greater than the transmission delay requirement in the first direction of the service; where, if the first direction is uplink, the second direction is downlink; or if the first direction is downlink, then the second direction For up;
  • the transmission delay in the second direction of the service is greater than the transmission delay requirement in the second direction of the service
  • the total transmission delay of the service is greater than the total transmission delay demand of the service.
  • the total transmission delay is the sum of the uplink transmission delay and the downlink transmission delay; the total transmission delay demand is the sum of the uplink transmission delay demand and the downlink transmission delay demand. and.
  • the second communication device may obtain the total transmission delay requirement of the service through the session establishment process or the session modification process.
  • the total transmission delay demand is the sum of the uplink transmission delay demand and the downlink transmission delay demand.
  • the method of obtaining the uplink transmission delay and the downlink transmission delay can refer to the related content mentioned in the above-mentioned FIG. 9 and FIG. 10.
  • the QoS parameters can be modified through the triggered session modification process. That is to say, the QoS feedback mechanism is introduced in the embodiment of the present application to modify the QoS parameters when the transmission delay does not meet the transmission delay requirement.
  • step 702 there are multiple trigger events for the session modification process.
  • a trigger event for the session modification process is added.
  • the trigger event of the session modification process please refer to the related content of step 601 in FIG. 10 above.
  • the following events for triggering the session modification process are provided for step 601 in FIG. 10 above:
  • Event 1 UE triggers, such as UE request to add, modify, or delete QoS Flow.
  • PCF triggers, for example, PCF initiates update of policy rule information based on internal or external state modification.
  • UDM triggers, for example, session-related subscription information is updated.
  • SMF trigger for example, SMF triggers the addition, modification or deletion of QoS Flow based on local policies, etc.
  • Event 5 (R)AN is triggered. For example, when (R)AN judges that some QoS characteristics of QoS Flow cannot be satisfied or can be satisfied again, AN can also initiate a session modification process to notify the network.
  • the SMF triggers the session modification process, which may also be triggered after the first signaling sent by the second communication device is received.
  • the second communication device may send the first signaling to the SMF (for example, when the second communication device is a server, the server may send the first signaling to the SMF through NEF;
  • the terminal device may send the first signaling to the SMF; for another example, when the second communication device is a UPF, the UPF may send the first signaling to the SMF).
  • the first signaling is used to enable SMF to send a session modification request.
  • the first signaling includes: indication information used to indicate the adjusted value of the parameter to be adjusted in the quality of service parameter.
  • the parameters to be adjusted include one or more of the following: QFI, 5QI, data packet transmission delay, service transmission bit rate, and service packet loss rate. That is to say, the modification of the quality of service parameter may be to modify one or more of the QFI, 5QI, data packet transmission delay of the service, the transmission bit rate of the service, and the packet loss rate of the service.
  • the priority may include QFI and/or 5QI.
  • the indication information used to indicate the adjusted value of the parameter to be adjusted in the quality of service parameter may be the adjusted value of the parameter to be adjusted in the quality of service parameter corresponding to the uplink data packet, for example, a suggested uplink data packet
  • the adjusted value of the parameter to be adjusted in the corresponding quality of service parameter may also be the transmission delay in the first direction and/or the transmission delay in the second direction.
  • it may also be the adjustment amount of the transmission delay in the quality of service parameter corresponding to the uplink data packet, and/or the adjustment amount of the transmission delay in the quality of service parameter corresponding to the downlink data packet.
  • the first signaling may include indication information for instructing to adjust the transmission delay in the quality of service parameter corresponding to the uplink data packet to 3ms.
  • the indication information used to indicate the priority of the adjusted service may be the priority in the adjusted quality of service parameter corresponding to the uplink data packet, and/or the priority in the adjusted quality of service parameter corresponding to the downlink data packet
  • the priority for example, is the priority in the adjusted quality of service parameter corresponding to a suggested uplink data packet.
  • the second communication device Before step 701, it also includes the second communication device determining the service transmission delay.
  • the transmission delay corresponding to the service may be the uplink transmission delay of the service, or the downlink transmission delay of the service, or the total transmission delay of the service.
  • the second communication device determines the service transmission delay, specifically, it can be divided into the following case b1, case b2, and case b3 to describe.
  • Step 713 and step 714 in FIG. 11 are just examples of one of the solutions for determining the transmission delay of the service by the second communication device.
  • the solution for determining the transmission delay of the service provided by the above steps 713 and 714 is in the following situations Introduction in b3.
  • the second communication device is used as a terminal device as an example and illustrated in FIG. 11.
  • the second communication device may also be other network elements, for example, the second communication device is a UPF or a server.
  • the second communication device receives the delay detection data packet in the first direction, and the delay detection data packet in the first direction It is sent according to the quality of service parameters in the first direction of the service; the delay detection data packet in the first direction includes a timestamp for indicating the transmission time of the delay detection data packet in the first direction; the second communication device is based on the first The delay detection data packet reception time in the direction and the transmission time delay detection data packet in the first direction determine the transmission delay in the first direction of the service.
  • the English of the delay detection data packet in the embodiment of this application may be called ping packets.
  • the second communication device further includes: second The communication device receives the delay detection data packet in the second direction.
  • the delay detection data packet in the second direction is sent according to the service quality parameters of the second direction of the service; the delay detection data packet in the second direction includes instructions for indicating the second direction.
  • the time stamp of the transmission time of the delay detection data packet in the second direction; the second communication device determines the time of the service according to the time delay of the second direction to detect the reception time of the data packet and the delay detection data packet transmission time in the second direction Transmission delay in the second direction.
  • the second communication device is used as the terminal device, the first direction is used as the uplink, and the second direction is the following behavior example for introduction. If the first condition includes that the total transmission delay is greater than the total transmission delay requirement of the service, the above steps 713 and 714 are performed before the above step 701.
  • the delay detection data packet in the first direction is sent according to the service quality parameter in the first direction of the service
  • the delay detection data packet in the second direction is sent according to the service quality parameter in the second direction of the service.
  • the second communication device may obtain the quality of service parameters in the first direction and/or the quality of service parameters in the second direction according to the related procedures in the session establishment request and the session modification request mentioned in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10.
  • the quality of service parameters can be stored in the policy rule information.
  • the manner in which the second communication device obtains the quality of service parameters in the first direction and/or the quality of service parameters in the second direction may refer to the manner in which the uplink transmission delay requirements and the downlink transmission delay requirements are obtained as mentioned in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 above. The method is similar, so I won’t repeat it here.
  • the delay detection data packet in the first direction also includes a service identifier
  • the service identifier may be a service that needs to be tested, such as the service mentioned in step 701 above.
  • the identifier of the service included in the delay detection data packet in the first direction may be a 5-tuple of the uplink data packet of the service.
  • the identifier of the service included in the delay detection data packet in the first direction may be a five-tuple of the downlink data packet of the service.
  • the uplink delay detection corresponding to a service can be determined according to the correspondence between the identifier of the service included in the uplink delay detection data packet and the identifier of the service included in the downlink delay detection data packet Data packet and downstream delay detection data packet. Therefore, the transmission delay in the second direction of the service can be determined according to the transmission time of the uplink delay detection data packet and the reception time of the downlink delay detection data packet.
  • both ends of the delay detection data packet in the first direction and the delay detection data packet in the second direction may be between the terminal device and the UPF, that is, the first direction
  • the delay detection data packet and the delay detection data packet in the second direction are transmitted between the terminal device and the UPF.
  • the determined transmission delay in the first direction, the transmission delay in the second direction, and the total transmission delay are all between the terminal device and the UPF.
  • both ends of the delay detection data packet in the first direction and the delay detection data packet in the second direction may be between the terminal device and the server.
  • the delay detection data packet in the first direction and the delay detection data packet in the second direction are transmitted between the terminal device and the application server.
  • the determined transmission delay in the first direction, the transmission delay in the second direction, and the total transmission delay are all between the terminal device and the server.
  • FIG. Solution 12 may be executed by the core network element 1201 in FIG. 3, and the core network element may be, for example, the NEF or PCF in FIG. 2 above. As shown in Figure 12, the method includes:
  • Step 801 The core network element receives the total transmission delay requirement of the service sent by the application server.
  • the request sent by the server may be a session QoS establishment request.
  • the session QoS establishment request can be .Nnef_AFsessionWithQoS_Create request.
  • the total transmission delay requirement corresponds to a service identifier
  • the server may send the service identifier and the total transmission delay requirement corresponding to the service identifier to the core network element.
  • Step 802 The core network element determines the service quality parameter corresponding to the uplink data packet of the service and the service quality parameter corresponding to the downlink data packet according to the total transmission delay requirement of the service.
  • step 802 it can be executed by NEF. If NEF executes, step 803 can be executed after step 802 is executed.
  • one of the quality of service parameters corresponding to the uplink data packet and the quality of service parameters corresponding to the downlink data packet includes one or more of the following: QFI, 5QI, data packet transmission Time delay, service transmission bit rate and service packet loss rate.
  • the core network element can decompose the uplink and downlink QoS requirements according to the total transmission delay requirements of the service, so as to obtain the service quality parameters corresponding to the uplink data packets of the service and the services corresponding to the downlink data packets. Quality parameters.
  • the server does not care about the uplink transmission delay and the downlink transmission delay, but is more concerned about the total transmission delay, so the server only needs to report The total transmission delay requirement can be as much as it needs.
  • the core network element will decompose the upstream and downstream QoS requirements. In this way, the work distribution among network elements is more reasonable.
  • the total transmission delay requirement of the service is 20 ms.
  • the core network element allocates QoS requirements between uplink transmission and downlink transmission according to the total delay requirement of 20ms.
  • the uplink transmission delay requirement can be set to 5ms.
  • Set the downlink transmission delay requirement to 15ms.
  • the uplink transmission delay is the quality of service parameter corresponding to the QoS flow corresponding to the uplink data packet
  • the downlink transmission delay is the quality of service parameter corresponding to the QoS flow corresponding to the downlink data packet.
  • the core network element may determine the uplink transmission delay requirement and the downlink transmission delay requirement of the service only based on the total transmission delay requirement of the service. Delay demand. In another optional implementation manner, the core network element determines the uplink transmission delay requirement and the downlink transmission delay requirement of the service according to at least one of network capability and network status, and the total transmission delay requirement of the service. Delay demand. In this way, the service quality parameters corresponding to the uplink data packets and the service quality parameters corresponding to the downlink data packets of the determined service can be more reasonable, and the actual delay of the data packet and the required delay error in the quality of service parameters can be reduced. .
  • the network capabilities include: uplink bandwidth capabilities of the network, and/or downlink bandwidth capabilities of the network.
  • the network status includes one or more of the following: load status of the uplink of the access network; load status of the downlink of the access network; uplink delay detection The uplink transmission delay of the data packet; the downlink delay probes the downlink transmission delay of the data packet.
  • the core network element may send the service quality parameter corresponding to the uplink data packet and the service quality parameter corresponding to the downlink data packet of the service to the session management network element (such as the SMF in Figure 2) through the session establishment process or the session modification process.
  • the session management network element executes the service quality parameter corresponding to the uplink data packet and the service quality parameter corresponding to the downlink data packet of the service.
  • step 803 when the core network element is a PCF, the service quality parameter corresponding to the uplink data packet of the service and the service corresponding to the downlink data packet can be used through step 503 in FIG. 9 or step 602 in FIG.
  • the quality parameters are sent to SMF.
  • the service quality parameter corresponding to the uplink data packet and the service quality parameter corresponding to the downlink data packet in which the session management network element executes the service may include the session management network element assigning the service quality parameter corresponding to the uplink data packet and the downlink data packet
  • the corresponding service quality parameter is sent to the user plane network element, and the user plane network element schedules the uplink data packet according to the service quality parameter corresponding to the uplink data packet, and schedules the downlink data packet according to the service quality parameter corresponding to the downlink data packet.
  • step 802 if the above step 802 is not executed by the NEF, such as the PCF, the NEF may send a policy authorization creation request to the PCF, and the PCF executes step 802 after receiving the request. After performing step 802, it returns a session QoS establishment response to the NEF to the server.
  • the core network element in FIG. 12 is a PCF as an example for illustration. The method includes:
  • Step 901 The server sends a session QoS establishment request to NEF.
  • the session QoS establishment request may be .Nnef_AFsessionWithQoS_Create request, which may include the total transmission delay requirement of the service.
  • step 902 the NEF sends a policy authorization creation request to the PCF.
  • the policy authorization creation request can be Npcf_Policy Authorization_Create request
  • step 903 the PCF determines the service quality parameter corresponding to the uplink data packet and the service quality parameter corresponding to the downlink data packet of the service according to the total transmission delay requirement of the service.
  • the PCF can execute the solution of step 803, that is, the PCF can send the service quality parameters corresponding to the uplink data packets and the service quality parameters corresponding to the downlink data packets of the service through the session establishment process or the session modification process.
  • the session management network element Refer to the related description of Figure 8 for the related solutions of this part, and will not be repeated here.
  • step 904 the PCF sends a policy authorization creation response to the NEF.
  • the policy authorization creation response may be Npcf_Policy Authorization_Create response.
  • step 905 the NEF returns a session QoS establishment response.
  • the QoS establishment response can be .Nnef_AFsessionWithQoS_Create response.
  • the actions of the first communication device in step 301 to step 304 in FIG. 7 can be executed by the processor 1401 in the communication device 1400 shown in FIG. 6 calling the application program code stored in the memory 1403. This does not make any restrictions.
  • the actions of the second communication device in step 701 to step 702 in FIG. 11 can be executed by the processor 1401 in the communication device 1400 shown in FIG. 6 calling the application program code stored in the memory 1403. This does not make any restrictions.
  • the action of the core network element in step 802 in FIG. 12 can be executed by the processor 1401 in the communication device 1400 shown in FIG. 6 calling the application program code stored in the memory 1403, and this embodiment does not do anything about it. limit.
  • FIG. 7 to FIG. 10 are all described by taking the communication system shown in FIG. 2 applied to the 5G network architecture in the non-roaming scenario shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5 as an example.
  • the above-mentioned embodiments shown in FIG. 12 to FIG. 13 are all described by taking the communication system shown in FIG. 3 applied to the 5G network architecture in the non-roaming scenario shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5 as an example. If the communication system shown in Fig. 2 or Fig. 3 is applied to the 5G network architecture of local grooming and roaming as an example, or the communication system shown in Fig. 2 or Fig. 3 is applied to the 5G network architecture of home routing and roaming as an example, The corresponding method for reporting session management information is similar to the method in the foregoing embodiment, and only the relevant network elements need to be adaptively replaced, which will not be repeated here.
  • the methods and/or steps implemented by the first communication device may also be implemented by components (such as chips or circuits) that can be used in the first communication device; and those implemented by the second communication device
  • the methods and/or steps can also be implemented by components (such as chips or circuits) that can be used in the second communication device;
  • the methods and/or steps implemented by core network elements can also be implemented by components that can be used in core network elements ( For example, chip or circuit) implementation.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device, and the communication device may be the first communication device in the foregoing method embodiment, or a device including the foregoing first communication device, or a component that can be used for the first communication device; Alternatively, the communication device may be the second communication device in the foregoing method embodiment, or a device including the foregoing second communication device, or a component that can be used in the second communication device; or, the communication device may be the foregoing method embodiment The core network element in the core network element, or a device including the above core network element, or a component that can be used for the core network element.
  • the communication device includes hardware structures and/or software modules corresponding to each function.
  • the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a certain function is executed by hardware or computer software-driven hardware depends on the specific application and design constraint conditions of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians can use different methods for each specific application to implement the described functions, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.
  • FIG. 14 shows a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 1500.
  • the communication device 1500 includes a transceiver module 1501 and a processing module 1502.
  • the transceiver module 1501 may also be referred to as a transceiver unit to implement the transceiver function, for example, it may be a transceiver circuit, transceiver, transceiver or communication interface.
  • the communication device 1500 is presented in the form of dividing various functional modules in an integrated manner.
  • the "module” here can refer to a specific ASIC, circuit, processor and memory that executes one or more software or firmware programs, integrated logic circuit, and/or other devices that can provide the above-mentioned functions.
  • the communication device 1500 may take the form of the communication device 1400 shown in FIG. 6.
  • the processor 1401 in the communication device 1400 shown in FIG. 6 may invoke the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 1403 to enable the communication device 1400 to execute the data transmission method in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the functions/implementation process of the transceiver module 1501 and the processing module 1502 in FIG. 14 may be implemented by the processor 1401 in the communication device 1400 shown in FIG. 6 calling computer execution instructions stored in the memory 1403.
  • the function/implementation process of the processing module 1502 in FIG. 14 can be implemented by the processor 1401 in the communication device 1400 shown in FIG. 6 calling a computer execution instruction stored in the memory 1403, and the function of the transceiver module 1501 in FIG. /The implementation process can be implemented through the communication interface 1404 in the communication device 1400 shown in FIG. 6.
  • the communication device 1500 provided in this embodiment can perform the above-mentioned data transmission method, the technical effects that can be obtained can refer to the above-mentioned method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • the communication apparatus 1500 takes the communication apparatus 1500 as the above-mentioned first communication device as an example.
  • the transceiver module 1501 is used to receive data packets in the first direction; to receive data packets in the second direction; and the processing module 1502 is used to perform data packets based on the total transmission time. Delay demand and the transmission time of the data packet in the first direction, and send the data packet in the second direction through the transceiver module 1501; wherein, the data packet in the first direction includes the transmission time of the data packet in the first direction.
  • the data packet in the first direction and the data packet in the second direction correspond to the same service; if the first direction is uplink, the second direction is downlink; or, if the first direction is Downlink, the second direction is uplink; the total transmission delay demand is the sum of the transmission delay demand in the first direction and the transmission delay demand in the second direction.
  • the data packet in the first direction includes a group identifier
  • the data packet in the second direction includes the group identifier
  • the processing module 1502 is further configured to: if it is determined that the group identifier of the data packet in the second direction is associated with the group identifier of the data packet in the first direction, determine the data packet in the first direction and the data packet in the second direction.
  • the data packets correspond to the same service.
  • the processing module 1502 is specifically configured to: according to the receiving time of receiving the data packet in the first direction, and the The transmission time of the data packet in the first direction determines the transmission delay in the first direction; the target transmission delay in the second direction is determined according to the difference between the total transmission delay demand and the transmission delay in the first direction ; According to the target transmission delay in the second direction, send the data packet in the second direction.
  • the processing module 1502 is specifically configured to: determine the second direction according to the difference between the total transmission delay requirement and the time length The target transmission delay; where the duration refers to the duration between the time when the first communication device receives the data packet in the second direction and the time when the data packet in the first direction is sent; according to the second direction The target transmission delays, and the data packet in the second direction is sent.
  • the processing module 1502 is also used to: If the transmission delay of the second direction of the data packet in the second direction is delayed If the demand does not meet the target transmission delay in the second direction, one or more of the following is performed: reduce the transmission delay in the quality of service parameters of the data packets in the second direction; increase the transmission delay in the second direction The sending priority of the data packet; increasing the service transmission bit rate in the second direction; increasing the service packet loss rate.
  • the processing module 1502 is also used to: obtain the total transmission of the service through a session establishment process or a session modification process Delay demand.
  • the communication device 1500 provided in this embodiment can execute the method executed by the above-mentioned first communication device, the related introduction and the technical effects that can be obtained can refer to the above-mentioned method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • the processing module 1502 is used to determine that the service satisfies the first condition; trigger a session modification process, which is used for the service quality parameters of the service to modify.
  • the content of the first condition can refer to the related content in the foregoing embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • the module 1502 is further configured to send a delay detection data packet in the first direction through the transceiver module 1501 according to the quality of service parameters in the first direction of the service, and the delay detection data packet in the first direction includes instructions for indicating the first direction.
  • the transceiver module 1501 is further configured to: receive a delay detection data packet in a first direction, and the delay detection data packet in the first direction includes a data packet for indicating the transmission time of the delay detection data packet in the first direction. Timestamp; the processing module 1502 is also used to: determine the first direction of the service according to the reception time of the delay detection data packet in the first direction and the transmission time of the delay detection data packet in the first direction Transmission delay.
  • the transceiver module 1501 is further configured to: receive a delay detection data packet in a second direction, and the delay detection data packet in the second direction includes a data packet for indicating the transmission time of the delay detection data packet in the second direction. Timestamp; the processing module 1502 is also used to: determine the second direction of the service according to the time of receiving the packet in the second direction and the time of sending the packet in the second direction. Transmission delay.
  • the transceiver module 1501 is specifically configured to: send first signaling to the session management function network element;
  • the command is used to make the session management function network element send a session modification request;
  • the first signaling includes: indication information for indicating the adjusted value of the parameter to be adjusted in the quality of service parameter; wherein, the parameter to be adjusted Including one or more of the following content: service quality flow identifier, 5G service quality identifier, data packet transmission delay, service transmission bit rate, and service packet loss rate.
  • the communication device 1500 provided in this embodiment can execute the method executed by the second communication device described above, the related introduction and the technical effects that can be obtained can refer to the above method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • the communication device 1500 takes the communication device 1500 as the aforementioned core network network element as an example.
  • the transceiver module 1501 is used to receive the total transmission delay requirement of the service sent by the application service module; the processing module 1502 is used to perform the total transmission delay requirement of the service according to the total transmission time of the service.
  • Delay requirements determine the service quality parameters corresponding to the uplink data packets of the service and the service quality parameters corresponding to the downlink data packets.
  • the processing module 1502 is specifically used to: according to at least one of network capability and network status, and the total amount of the service Transmission delay requirements, determine the uplink transmission delay requirements and downlink transmission delay requirements of the service.
  • the transceiver module 1501 is also used to: correspond to the uplink data packet of the service through the session establishment process or the session modification process.
  • the service quality parameter and the service quality parameter corresponding to the downlink data packet are sent to the session management network element.
  • the communication device 1500 provided in this embodiment can execute the above-mentioned method executed by the core network element, the relevant introduction and the technical effects that can be obtained can refer to the above-mentioned method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • one or more of the above modules or units can be implemented by software, hardware or a combination of both.
  • the software exists in the form of computer program instructions and is stored in the memory, and the processor can be used to execute the program instructions and implement the above method flow.
  • the processor can be built in SoC (system on chip) or ASIC, or it can be an independent semiconductor chip.
  • SoC system on chip
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • the processor's internal processing is used to execute software instructions to perform calculations or processing, and may further include necessary hardware accelerators, such as field programmable gate array (FPGA), PLD (programmable logic device) , Or a logic circuit that implements dedicated logic operations.
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • PLD programmable logic device
  • the hardware can be a CPU, a microprocessor, a digital signal processing (digital signal processing, DSP) chip, a microcontroller unit (MCU), an artificial intelligence processor, an ASIC, Any one or any combination of SoC, FPGA, PLD, dedicated digital circuit, hardware accelerator, or non-integrated discrete device can run necessary software or do not rely on software to perform the above method flow.
  • DSP digital signal processing
  • MCU microcontroller unit
  • an artificial intelligence processor an ASIC
  • Any one or any combination of SoC, FPGA, PLD, dedicated digital circuit, hardware accelerator, or non-integrated discrete device can run necessary software or do not rely on software to perform the above method flow.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device (for example, the communication device may be a chip or a chip system), and the communication device includes a processor for implementing the method in any of the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the communication device further includes a memory.
  • the memory is used to store necessary program instructions and data, and the processor can call the program code stored in the memory to instruct the communication device to execute the method in any of the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the memory may not be in the communication device.
  • the communication device is a chip system, it may be composed of a chip, or may include a chip and other discrete devices, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the above embodiments it may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof.
  • a software program it can be implemented in the form of a computer program product in whole or in part.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer instruction may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer instruction may be transmitted from a website, a computer, a server, or a data center through a cable (For example, coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (digital subscriber line, DSL)) or wireless (for example, infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) to transmit to another website, computer, server, or data center.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or may include one or more data storage devices such as a server or a data center that can be integrated with the medium.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, and a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (for example, a solid state disk (SSD)).

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Abstract

一种数据传输方法、设备及系统，第一通信设备获取第一方向的数据包，获取第二方向的数据包，第一方向的数据包和第二方向的数据包对应同一个业务；若第一方向为上行，则第二方向为下行；或者，若第一方向为下行，则第二方向为上行；根据总传输时延需求和第一方向的数据包的发送时间，确定第二方向的目标传输时延；第一通信设备根据第二方向的目标传输时延，发送第二方向的数据包；其中，总传输时延需求为第一方向的传输时延需求与第二方向的传输时延需求之和。如此，可以根据业务的总传输时延需求和第一方向的传输时延对第二方向的数据包进行调度，可以针对第二数据包这样更细的粒度进行时延控制。

Description

一种数据传输方法、设备及系统 技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，尤其涉及一种数据传输方法、设备及系统。
背景技术
网络中会存在较多类型的业务，例如会话业务、流业务(streaming)、交互业务和背景业务。在具体应用中，有些业务对传输时延会比较敏感，比如交互式业务对数据的总传输时延很敏感。交互式业务是指通过用户与用户之间或者用户与环境之间存在强交互关系的业务。例如云虚拟现实技术(Virtual Reality，VR)业务。
图1示例性示出了一种交互式业务的场景图，如图1所示，用户手上握有传感器，当用户做了举手的动作，用户手上的传感器将“举手的动作”对应的数据发送至服务器，服务器将接收到的上行数据“举手的动作”进行处理后，生成下行数据“举手的动作”，并将该下行数据“举手的动作”发送至终端设备的显示器(图1中以镜子来示意显示器)，以显示该举手的动作。用户最终会从显示器上看到该“举手的动作”。如图1所示，可以看出，从用户做出举手的动作，直至用户在显示器上看到举手的动作，数据的传输经历了上行传输和下行传输。可以看出，上行传输时延和下行传输时延的总和将影响用户从显示器上看到该“举手的动作”这个图像的实时性。
现有技术中，服务器向网络发送业务的服务质量(Quality of Service，QoS)需求(例如VR业务的上行传输时延需求10毫秒(ms)，下行传输时延需求20ms)。网络针对上行传输和下行传输分别建立对应的Qos flow(流)，Qos flow对应服务质量参数，终端设备和网络之间通过所建立的Qos flow进行上行数据和下行数据的传输，以保证业务的传输时延。
但是目前仅能针对上行业务流的全部数据和下行业务流的全部数据进行粗略的Qos控制，亟需一种数据传输方案，用于对数据传输时延进行更加准确的控制。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种数据传输方法、设备及系统，用于对数据传输时延进行更加准确的控制。
为达到上述目的，本申请实施例采用如下技术方案：
第一方面，提供一种数据传输方法，包括：第一通信设备接收第一方向的数据包；该第一方向的数据包中包括用于指示该第一方向的数据包的发送时间的时间戳；该第一通信设备接收第二方向的数据包；其中，该第一方向的数据包和该第二方向的数据包对应同一个业务；若该第一方向为上行，则该第二方向为下行；或者，若该第一方向为下行，则该第二方向为上行；该第一通信设备根据总传输时延需求和第一方向的数据包的发送时间，发送该第二方向的数据包；其中，该总传输时延需求为该第一方向的传输时延需求与第二方向的传输时延需求之和。如此，可以根据业务的总传输时延需求和第一方向的发送时间对第二方向的数据包进行调度，可以针对第二数据包这样更细的粒度进行时延控制。
在一种可能地实现方式中，该第一方向的数据包中包括组标识，该第二方向的数据包中包括组标识；第一通信设备接收第二方向的数据包之后，发送第二方向的数据包之前， 还包括：若该第一通信设备确定该第二方向的数据包的组标识与该第一方向的数据包的组标识具有关联关系，则确定该第一方向的数据包和该第二方向的数据包对应同一个业务。如此，可以通过组标识确定出具有对应关系的第一方向的数据包和第二方向的数据包，从而可以为更细粒度的调度数据包奠定基础。
在一种可能地实现方式中，上行的数据包中包括的组标识携带于该上行的数据包的网际协议IP层或通用分组无线服务隧道协议GTP层；和/或，下行的数据包中包括的组标识携带于该下行的数据包的IP层。
在一种可能地实现方式中，该第一通信设备根据总传输时延需求，第一方向的数据包的发送时间，发送第二方向的数据包，包括：第一通信设备根据总传输时延需求与第一方向的传输时延之间的差值，确定第二方向的目标传输时延；第一通信设备根据第二方向的目标传输时延，发送第二方向的数据包。由于第一方向的数据包中包括有时间戳，因此可以确定出第一方向的传输时延。进一步由于根据第一通信设备根据总传输时延需求和该第一方向的传输时延的差值确定第二方向的目标传输时延，因此更加细粒度的控制第二方向的数据包的传输时延。
在一种可能地实现方式中，该第一通信设备根据总传输时延需求，第一方向的数据包的发送时间，发送第二方向的数据包，包括：第一通信设备根据总传输时延需求与时长的差值，确定第二方向的目标传输时延；其中，时长是指第一通信设备接收到第二方向的数据包的时间与第一方向的数据包的发送时间之间的时长；第一通信设备根据第二方向的目标传输时延，发送第二方向的数据包。由于第一方向的数据包中包括有时间戳，因此以总传输时延需求减去从发送第一方向的数据包至接收到第二方向的数据包的时长，并根据得到的差值来调度第二方向的数据包，可以进一步将第二方向的数据包的传输时延控制在较少的范围内。
在一种可能地实现方式中，确定第二方向的目标传输时延之后，发送第二方向的数据包之前，还包括：若第二方向的数据包的第二方向的传输时延需求不满足第二方向的目标传输时延，则在执行以下内容中的一项或多项：调低该第二方向的数据包的服务质量参数中的传输时延；提高该第二方向的数据包的发送优先级；提高该第二方向的业务传输比特率；提高业务丢包率。如此，当第二方向的传输时延需求大于该第二方向的目标传输时延的情况下，若不对第二方向数据包的调度进行处理，第二方向数据包的传输时延可能会大于第二方向的目标传输时延，从而可能导致总传输时延超过总传输时延需求，而该方案中由于采取了以上一项或多项措施，因此可以提高第二方向的数据包的实际的传输时延，从而可以使第二方向数据包的传输时延不大于第二方向的目标传输时延，进而起到保障总传输时延不大于总传输时延需求的效果。由于该方案可以很灵活的调整一个业务的服务质量参数，相比现有技术，可以以更细粒度的控制每个业务的数据包，可以进一步提高用户感受。
在一种可能地实现方式中，第一通信设备根据总传输时延需求和第一方向的数据包的发送时间，发送第二方向的数据包之前，还包括：该第一通信设备通过会话建立过程或会话修改过程获取该业务的该总传输时延需求。如此，可以兼容现有技术来获取总传输时延需求。
第二方面，提供一种数据传输方法，包括：该第二通信设备确定业务满足第一条件；该第二通信设备触发会话修改流程，该会话修改流程用于对该业务的服务质量参数进行修 改；其中，该第一条件包括以下内容中的一项或多项：该业务的第一方向的传输时延大于该第一方向的传输时延需求；其中，若该第一方向为上行，则该第二方向为下行；或者，若该第一方向为下行，则该第二方向为上行；该业务的该第二方向的传输时延大于该第二方向的传输时延需求；该业务的总传输时延大于总传输时延需求，该总传输时延为上行传输时延与下行传输时延之和；该总传输时延需求为上行传输时延需求和下行传输时延需求之和。本申请实施例中当业务对应的传输时延不满足传输时延需求时，则可以通过触发的会话修改流程对QoS参数进行修改。也就是说，本申请实施例中通过引入QoS反馈机制，在传输时延不满足传输时延需求的情况下，对QoS参数进行修改。
在一种可能地实现方式中，若该第一条件为该总传输时延大于该业务的总传输时延需求，则：该第二通信设备在确定业务对应的传输时延满足第一条件之前，还包括：该第二通信设备根据该业务的第一方向的服务质量参数发送第一方向的时延探测数据包，该第一方向的时延探测数据包包括用于指示该第一方向的时延探测数据包的发送时间的时间戳；该第二通信设备接收第二方向的时延探测数据包，该第二方向的时延探测数据包是根据该业务的第二方向的服务质量参数发送的；其中，若该第一方向为上行，则该第二方向为下行；若该第一方向为下行，则该第二方向为上行；该第二通信设备根据该第二方向的时延探测数据包的接收时间，以及该第一方向的时延探测数据包的发送时间，确定该业务的总传输时延。如此，可以通过发时延探测数据包的方式来对业务的传输时延进行测评。
在一种可能地实现方式中，若该第一条件为该第一方向的传输时延大于该第一方向的传输时延需求，则：该第二通信设备在确定业务对应的传输时延满足第一条件之前，还包括：该第二通信设备接收第一方向的时延探测数据包，该第一方向的时延探测数据包包括用于指示该第一方向的时延探测数据包的发送时间的时间戳；该第二通信设备根据该第一方向的时延探测数据包的接收时间，以及该第一方向的时延探测数据包的发送时间，确定该业务的第一方向的传输时延。如此，可以根据第一方向的传输时延是否满足第一方向的传输时延需求来确定是否进行QoS反馈。
在一种可能地实现方式中，若该第二条件为该第二方向的传输时延大于该第二方向的传输时延需求，则：该第二通信设备在确定业务对应的传输时延满足第二条件之前，还包括：该第二通信设备接收第二方向的时延探测数据包，该第二方向的时延探测数据包包括用于指示该第二方向的时延探测数据包的发送时间的时间戳；该第二通信设备根据该第二方向的时延探测数据包的接收时间，以及该第二方向的时延探测数据包的发送时间，确定该业务的第二方向的传输时延。如此，可以根据第二方向的传输时延是否满足第二方向的传输时延需求来确定是否进行QoS反馈。
在一种可能地实现方式中，第二通信设备触发会话修改流程，包括：该第二通信设备发送第一信令给会话管理功能网元；该第一信令用于使该会话管理功能网元发送会话修改请求；其中，该第一信令包括：用于指示服务质量参数中的待调整参数的调整后的值的指示信息；其中，该待调整参数包括以下内容中的一项或多项：服务质量流标识、5G服务质量标识、数据包传输时延、业务传输比特率以及业务丢包率。如此，可以根据总传输时延是否满足总传输时延需求来确定是否进行QoS反馈。
在一种可能地实现方式中，该第二通信设备包括：终端设备、核心网网元或服务器。如此，可以提高方案的灵活性。
第三方面，提供一种数据传输方法，包括：核心网网元接收来自应用服务器的业务的 总传输时延需求；该核心网网元根据该业务的总传输时延需求，确定该业务的上行数据包对应的服务质量参数和下行数据包对应的服务质量参数。核心网网元可以根据该业务的总传输时延需求，进行上行和下行的QoS需求的分解，以得到该业务的上行数据包对应的服务质量参数和下行数据包对应的服务质量参数。一方面，因为对于一些业务来说，比如上述图1中所提到的交互式业务，服务器并不关心上行传输时延和下行传输时延，而是更加关心总传输时延，因此服务器只要上报自身需要多少总传输时延需求即可。之后由核心网网元来进行上行和下行的QoS需求的分解。如此，网元间的工作分配更加合理。
在一种可能地实现方式中，针对该上行数据包对应的服务质量参数和该下行数据包对应的服务质量参数中的一个服务质量参数包括以下内容中的一项或多项：QoS流标识、5G QoS标识、数据包传输时延、业务传输比特率以及业务丢包率。如此，可以根据应用服务器的总需要进行较详细的QoS需求的分解。
在一种可能地实现方式中，该核心网网元根据该业务的总传输时延需求，确定该业务的上行传输时延需求和下行传输时延需求，包括：该核心网网元根据网络能力和网络状态中的至少一项，以及该业务的总传输时延需求，确定该业务的上行传输时延需求和下行传输时延需求。如此，确定出的业务的上行数据包对应的服务质量参数和下行数据包对应的服务质量参数可以更加的合理，且数据包的实际时延与服务质量参数中所要求的时延误差可以减小。
在一种可能地实现方式中，该网络能力包括：网络的上行带宽能力，和/或，网络的下行带宽能力。在一种可能地实现方式中，该网络状态包括以下内容中的一项或多项：接入网的上行链路的负载情况；接入网的下行链路的负载情况；上行时延探测数据包的上行传输时延；下行时延探测数据包的下行传输时延。
在一种可能地实现方式中，该核心网网元根据该业务的总传输时延需求，确定该业务的上行数据包对应的服务质量参数和下行数据包对应的服务质量参数之后，还包括：该核心网网元通过会话建立流程或者会话修改流程将该业务的上行数据包对应的服务质量参数和下行数据包对应的服务质量参数发送给会话管理网元。如此，可以是会话管理网元执行上行数据包对应的服务质量参数和下行数据包对应的服务质量参数，从而对数据包进行QoS保障。
第四方面，提供了一种通信装置用于实现上述各种方法。该通信装置可以为上述第一方面中的第一通信设备，或者包含上述第一通信设备的装置。其中，第一通信设备可以为用户面网元，也可以是终端设备。或者，该通信装置可以为上述第二方面的第二通信设备，或者包含上述第二通信设备的装置，其中，第二通信设备可以为终端设备、核心网网元或服务器。或者该通信装置可以为第三方面中的核心网网元，或者包含上述核心网网元的装置。该通信装置包括实现上述方法相应的模块、单元、或手段(means)，该模块、单元、或means可以通过硬件实现，软件实现，或者通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。该硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块或单元。
第五方面，提供了一种通信装置，包括：处理器和存储器；该存储器用于存储计算机指令，当该处理器执行该指令时，以使该通信装置执行上述任一方面该的方法。该通信装置可以为上述第一方面中的第一通信设备，或者包含上述第一通信设备的装置。其中，第一通信设备可以为用户面网元，也可以是终端设备。或者，该通信装置可以为上述第二方面的第二通信设备，或者包含上述第二通信设备的装置，其中，第二通信设备可以为终端 设备、核心网网元或服务器。或者该通信装置可以为第三方面中的核心网网元，或者包含上述核心网网元的装置。
第六方面，提供了一种通信装置，包括：处理器；该处理器用于与存储器耦合，并读取存储器中的指令之后，根据该指令执行如上述任一方面该的方法。该通信装置可以为上述第一方面中的第一通信设备，或者包含上述第一通信设备的装置。其中，第一通信设备可以为用户面网元，也可以是终端设备。或者，该通信装置可以为上述第二方面的第二通信设备，或者包含上述第二通信设备的装置，其中，第二通信设备可以为终端设备、核心网网元或服务器。或者该通信装置可以为第三方面中的核心网网元，或者包含上述核心网网元的装置。
第七方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机可以执行上述任一方面该的方法。
第八方面，提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机可以执行上述任一方面该的方法。
第九方面，提供了一种通信装置(例如，该通信装置可以是芯片或芯片系统)，该通信装置包括处理器，用于实现上述任一方面中所涉及的功能。在一种可能的设计中，该通信装置还包括存储器，该存储器，用于保存必要的程序指令和数据。该通信装置是芯片系统时，可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
其中，第四方面至第九方面中任一种设计方式所带来的技术效果可参见上述第一方面或第二方面或第三方面中不同设计方式所带来的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
第十方面，提供了一种通信系统，该通信系统包括：第一通信设备和应用服务器。第一方向为上行，第二方向为下行。该第一通信设备，用于：接收第一方向的数据包，接收来自应用服务器的第二方向的数据包，根据总传输时延需求和第一方向的数据包的发送时间，发送该第二方向的数据包。该应用服务器，用于接收来自该第一通信设备的第一方向的数据包，向该第一通信设备发送该第二方向的数据包。其中，该第一方向的数据包中包括用于指示该第一方向的数据包的发送时间的时间戳；该第一方向的数据包和该第二方向的数据包对应同一个业务；该总传输时延需求为该第一方向的传输时延需求与第二方向的传输时延需求之和。其中，第十方面所带来的技术效果可参见上述第一方面中所带来的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
第十一方面，提供了一种通信系统，该通信系统包括：第一通信设备和应用服务器。第一方向为下行，第二方向为上行。该第一通信设备，用于：接收来自应用服务器的第一方向的数据包，接收第二方向的数据包，根据总传输时延需求和第一方向的数据包的发送时间，向应用服务器发送该第二方向的数据包。该应用服务器，用于向该第一通信设备发送该第一方向的数据包，接收来自该第一通信设备的第二方向的数据包。其中，该第一方向的数据包中包括用于指示该第一方向的数据包的发送时间的时间戳；该第一方向的数据包和该第二方向的数据包对应同一个业务；该总传输时延需求为该第一方向的传输时延需求与第二方向的传输时延需求之和。其中，第十一方面所带来的技术效果可参见上述第一方面中所带来的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
第十二方面，提供了一种通信系统，该通信系统包括核心网网元和应用服务器。核心网网元用于接收来自应用服务器的业务的总传输时延需求，根据该业务的总传输时延需求，确定该业务的上行数据包对应的服务质量参数和下行数据包对应的服务质量参数。应用服 务器用于向核心网网元发送业务的总传输时延需求。其中，第十二方面所带来的技术效果可参见上述第三方面中所带来的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
附图说明
图1为一种交互式业务的场景图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统的结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的另一种通信系统的结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种非漫游场景下的5G网络架构；
图5为本申请实施例提供的另一种非漫游场景下的5G网络架构；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供一种数据传输方法的流程示意图；
图8为一种网络架构示意图；
图9为一种会话建立过程的流程示意图；
图10为一种会话修改过程的流程示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供一种数据传输方法的流程示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供一种数据传输方法的流程示意图；
图13为本申请实施例提供一种数据传输方法的流程示意图；
图14为本申请实施例提供的另一种通信装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述。其中，在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“/”表示前后关联的对象是一种“或”的关系，例如，A/B可以表示A或B；本申请中的“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况，其中A,B可以是单数或者复数。并且，在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”是指两个或多于两个。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如，a，b，或c中的至少一项(个)，可以表示：a，b，c，a-b，a-c，b-c，或a-b-c，其中a，b，c可以是单个，也可以是多个。另外，为了便于清楚描述本申请实施例的技术方案，在本申请的实施例中，采用了“第一”、“第二”等字样对功能和作用基本相同的相同项或相似项进行区分。本领域技术人员可以理解“第一”、“第二”等字样并不对数量和执行次序进行限定，并且“第一”、“第二”等字样也并不限定一定不同。同时，在本申请实施例中，“示例性的”或者“例如”等词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本申请实施例中被描述为“示例性的”或者“例如”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其它实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用“示例性的”或者“例如”等词旨在以具体方式呈现相关概念，便于理解。
此外，本申请实施例描述的网络架构以及业务场景是为了更加清楚的说明本申请实施例的技术方案，并不构成对于本申请实施例提供的技术方案的限定，本领域普通技术人员可知，随着网络架构的演变和新业务场景的出现，本申请实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的技术问题，同样适用。
图2示例性示出了本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统架构示意图，如图2所示，该通 信系统1100包括：第一通信设备1101和应用服务器1102。该第一通信设备1101和应用服务器1102之间可以直接通信，也可以通过其他设备的转发进行通信，本申请实施例对此不做具体限定。
基于该通信系统1100的系统架构，本申请实施例可以提供两种可能地实现方式。
第一种可能地实现方式中，第一方向为上行，第二方向为下行。该第一通信设备1101，用于接收第一方向的数据包，接收来自应用服务器1102的第二方向的数据包，根据总传输时延需求和第一方向的数据包的发送时间，发送该第二方向的数据包。该应用服务器1102，用于接收来自该第一通信设备1101的第一方向的数据包，向该第一通信设备1101发送该第二方向的数据包。其中，该第一方向的数据包中包括用于指示该第一方向的数据包的发送时间的时间戳；该第一方向的数据包和该第二方向的数据包对应同一个业务；该总传输时延需求为该第一方向的传输时延需求与第二方向的传输时延需求之和。
第二种可能地实现方式中，第一方向为下行，第二方向为上行。该第一通信设备1101，用于：接收来自应用服务器1102的第一方向的数据包，接收第二方向的数据包，根据总传输时延需求和第一方向的数据包的发送时间，向应用服务器1102发送该第二方向的数据包。该应用服务器1102，用于向该第一通信设备1101发送该第一方向的数据包，接收来自该第一通信设备1101的第二方向的数据包。其中，该第一方向的数据包中包括用于指示该第一方向的数据包的发送时间的时间戳；该第一方向的数据包和该第二方向的数据包对应同一个业务；该总传输时延需求为该第一方向的传输时延需求与第二方向的传输时延需求之和。
上述两种可能地实现方式中，由于可以根据业务的总传输时延需求和第一方向的发送时间对第二方向的数据包进行调度，因此可以针对第二数据包这样更细的粒度进行时延控制。
图3示例性示出了本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统架构示意图，如图2所示，该通信系统1200包括：核心网网元1201和应用服务器1202。该核心网网元1201和应用服务器1202之间可以直接通信，也可以通过其他设备的转发进行通信，本申请实施例对此不做具体限定。
其中，核心网网元1201用于接收来自应用服务器1202的业务的总传输时延需求，根据该业务的总传输时延需求，确定该业务的上行数据包对应的服务质量参数和下行数据包对应的服务质量参数。应用服务器1202用于向核心网网元1201发送业务的总传输时延需求。如此，一方面，因为对于一些业务来说，比如上述图1中所提到的交互式业务，服务器并不关心上行传输时延和下行传输时延，而是更加关心总传输时延，因此服务器只要上报自身需要多少总传输时延需求即可。之后由核心网网元来进行上行和下行的QoS需求的分解。如此，网元间的工作分配更加合理。
可选的，图2所示的通信系统1100或者图3所示的通信系统1200可以应用于目前正在讨论的5G网络或者未来的其他网络等，本申请实施例对此不做具体限定。
示例性的，假设图2所示的通信系统1100或者图3所示的通信系统1200应用于非漫游场景下的5G网络架构，则如图4所示，上述的第一通信设备可以为用户面网元，也可以是终端设备。用户面网元为该非漫游5G网络架构中的用户面功能(user plane function，UPF)网元。本申请实施例中的该核心网网元可以包括：网络开放功能网元、接入和移动性管理网元、会话管理网元中的任一项。网络开放功能网元可以是该非漫游5G网络架构中 的网络开放功能(network exposure function，NEF)网元。接入和移动性管理网元可以是该非漫游5G网络架构中的接入与移动性管理功能(access and mobility management function，AMF)网元。该会话管理网元可以是该非漫游5G网络架构中的会话管理功能(session management function，SMF)网元。核心网网元也可以为该非漫游5G网络架构中的其他位于核心网中的网元。
此外，如图4所示，该非漫游5G网络架构中还可以包括(无线)接入网(radio access network，(R)AN)设备、数据网络(data network，DN)、策略控制网元可以是策略控制功能(policy control function，PCF)网元、认证服务器功能(authentication server function，AUSF)网元、统一数据管理(unified data management，UDM)网元、应用功能(application function，AF)网元或者其他一些未示出的网元，如网络注册功能(network repository function，NRF)网元等，本申请实施例对此不做具体限定。
其中，终端设备通过下一代网络(next generation，N)1接口(简称N1)与AMF网元通信，RAN设备通过N2接口(简称N2)与AMF网元通信，RAN设备通过N3接口(简称N3)与UPF网元通信，UPF网元通过N6接口(简称N6)与DN通信，AMF网元通过N11接口(简称N11)与SMF网元通信，AMF网元通过N8接口(简称N8)与UDM网元通信，AMF网元通过N12接口(简称N12)与AUSF网元通信，AMF网元通过N15接口(简称N15)与PCF网元通信，SMF网元通过N7接口(简称N7)与PCF网元通信，SMF网元通过N4接口(简称N4)与UPF网元通信，SMF网元通过N10接口(简称N10)与UDM网元通信，UDM网元通过N13接口(简称N13)与AUSF网元通信，PCF网元通过N5接口(简称N5)与AF网元通信。
此外，需要说明的是，图4所示的非漫游5G网络架构中的AMF网元、SMF网元、UDM网元、AUSF网元、PCF网元或者AF网元等控制面网元也可以采用服务化接口进行交互。比如，如图5所示，AMF网元对外提供的服务化接口可以为Namf；SMF网元对外提供的服务化接口可以为Nsmf；UDM网元对外提供的服务化接口可以为Nudm；PCF网元对外提供的服务化接口可以为Npcf，AUSF网元对外提供的服务化接口可以为Nausf，AF网元对外提供的服务化接口可以为Naf。相关描述可以参考23501标准中的5G系统架构(5G system architecture)，在此不予赘述。
当然，图2所示的通信系统1100或图3所示的通信系统1200也可以应用于本地疏导(local breakout)漫游场景下的5G网络架构或者家乡路由(home routed)漫游场景下的5G网络架构，此时仅需将相关网元进行适应性替换即可，在此不再一一赘述。
可选的，本申请实施例中的终端设备，可以是用于实现无线通信功能的设备，例如终端或者可用于终端中的芯片等。其中，终端可以是5G网络或者未来演进的PLMN中的用户设备(user equipment，UE)、接入终端、终端单元、终端站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、无线通信设备、终端代理或终端装置等。接入终端可以是蜂窝电话、无绳电话、会话启动协议(session initiation protocol，SIP)电话、无线本地环路(wireless local loop，WLL)站、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、具有无线通信功能的手持设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备、车载设备或可穿戴设备，虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)终端设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全 (transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端等。终端可以是移动的，也可以是固定的。
可选的，本申请实施例中的RAN设备指的是接入核心网的设备，例如可以是基站，宽带网络业务网关(broadband network gateway，BNG)，汇聚交换机，非第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd generation partnership project，3GPP)接入设备等。基站可以包括各种形式的基站，例如：宏基站，微基站(也称为小站)，中继站，接入点等。
可选的，本申请实施例中的第一通信设备、第二通信设备、核心网网元、或应用服务器也可以称之为通信装置，其可以是一个通用设备或者是一个专用设备，本申请实施例对此不做具体限定。
可选的，本申请实施例中的第一通信设备、第二通信设备、核心网网元、或应用服务器的相关功能可以由一个设备实现，也可以由多个设备共同实现，还可以是由一个设备内的一个或多个功能模块实现，本申请实施例对此不做具体限定。可以理解的是，上述功能既可以是硬件设备中的网络元件，也可以是在专用硬件上运行的软件功能，或者是硬件与软件的结合，或者是平台(例如，云平台)上实例化的虚拟化功能。
例如，本申请实施例中的第一通信设备、第二通信设备、核心网网元、或应用服务器的相关功能可以通过图6中的通信设备1400来实现。图6所示为本申请实施例提供的通信设备1400的结构示意图。该通信设备1400包括一个或多个处理器1401，通信线路1402，以及至少一个通信接口(图6中仅是示例性的以包括通信接口1404，以及一个处理器1401为例进行说明)，可选的还可以包括存储器1403。
处理器1401可以是一个通用中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，微处理器，特定应用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，或一个或多个用于控制本申请方案程序执行的集成电路。
通信线路1402可包括一通路，用于连接不同组件之间。
通信接口1404，可以是收发模块用于与其他设备或通信网络通信，如以太网，RAN，无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)等。例如，该收发模块可以是收发器、收发机一类的装置。可选的，该通信接口1404也可以是位于处理器1401内的收发电路，用以实现处理器的信号输入和信号输出。
存储器1403可以是具有存储功能的装置。例如可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)或可存储静态信息和指令的其他类型的静态存储设备，随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)或者可存储信息和指令的其他类型的动态存储设备，也可以是电可擦可编程只读存储器(electrically erasable programmable read-only memory，EEPROM)、只读光盘(compact disc read-only memory，CD-ROM)或其他光盘存储、光碟存储(包括压缩光碟、激光碟、光碟、数字通用光碟、蓝光光碟等)、磁盘存储介质或者其他磁存储设备、或者能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。存储器可以是独立存在，通过通信线路1402与处理器相连接。存储器也可以和处理器集成在一起。
其中，存储器1403用于存储执行本申请方案的计算机执行指令，并由处理器1401来控制执行。处理器1401用于执行存储器1403中存储的计算机执行指令，从而实现本申请实施例中提供的上报会话管理信息的方法。
或者，可选的，本申请实施例中，也可以是处理器1401执行本申请下述实施例提供 的上报会话管理信息的方法中的处理相关的功能，通信接口1404负责与其他设备或通信网络通信，本申请实施例对此不做具体限定。
可选的，本申请实施例中的计算机执行指令也可以称之为应用程序代码，本申请实施例对此不做具体限定。
在具体实现中，作为一种实施例，处理器1401可以包括一个或多个CPU，例如图6中的CPU0和CPU1。
在具体实现中，作为一种实施例，通信设备1400可以包括多个处理器，例如图6中的处理器1401和处理器1408。这些处理器中的每一个可以是一个单核(single-core)处理器，也可以是一个多核(multi-core)处理器。这里的处理器可以包括但不限于以下至少一种：中央处理单元(central processing unit，CPU)、微处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、微控制器(microcontroller unit，MCU)、或人工智能处理器等各类运行软件的计算设备，每种计算设备可包括一个或多个用于执行软件指令以进行运算或处理的核。
在具体实现中，作为一种实施例，通信设备1400还可以包括输出设备1405和输入设备1406。输出设备1405和处理器1401通信，可以以多种方式来显示信息。例如，输出设备1405可以是液晶显示器(liquid crystal display，LCD)，发光二级管(light emitting diode，LED)显示设备，阴极射线管(cathode ray tube，CRT)显示设备，或投影仪(projector)等。输入设备1406和处理器1401通信，可以以多种方式接收用户的输入。例如，输入设备1406可以是鼠标、键盘、触摸屏设备或传感设备等。
上述的通信设备1400有时也可以称为通信装置，其可以是一个通用设备或者是一个专用设备。例如通信设备1400可以是台式机、便携式电脑、网络服务器、掌上电脑(personal digital assistant，PDA)、移动手机、平板电脑、无线终端设备、嵌入式设备、上述终端设备，上述网络设备、或具有图6中类似结构的设备。本申请实施例不限定通信设备1400的类型。
下面将结合图1至图6对本申请实施例提供的数据传输方法进行具体阐述。
需要说明的是，本申请下述实施例中各个网元之间的消息名字或消息中各参数的名字等只是一个示例，具体实现中也可以是其他的名字，本申请实施例对此不做具体限定。
以图2所示的通信系统应用于如图4或图5所示的非漫游场景下的5G网络架构为例，如图7所示，为本申请实施例提供的一种数据传输方法，图7中以第一方向为上行，第二方向为下行进行示例。图7中以第一通信设备为网元(比如可以为用户面网元)为例进行示例，在其它可能地实现方式中，第一通信设备也可以是终端设备。该数据传输方法的方法包括如下步骤：
步骤301，第一通信设备获取第一方向的数据包；第一方向的数据包中包括用于指示第一方向的数据包的发送时间的时间戳。
进一步，如图7所示，当第一方向为上行时，第一通信设备接收到终端设备发送的第一方向的数据包之后，可以将第一方向的数据包发送至301。
步骤302，第一通信设备获取第二方向的数据包；其中，第一方向的数据包和第二方向的数据包对应同一个业务。
本申请实施例中同一个业务可以对应多个数据包，比如可以包括有一个或多个上行数据包，以及一个或多个下行数据包。本申请实施例中同一个业务的数据流比如可以是包括以下场景，比如可以由终端设备发送上行数据给服务器，并且下行数据是针对该上行数据 的响应，这种情况下，该上行数据和该下行数据可以称为一个业务的数据流。再比如，可以由服务器发送下行数据给终端，并且上行数据是针对下行数据的响应，这种情况下，该下行数据和该上行数据可以称为一个业务的数据流。本申请实施例中第一方向的数据包和第二方向的数据包对应同一个业务，是指第二方向的数据包是在第一方向的数据包的基础上生成的。例如图1中所提到的下行数据“举手的动作”是依据上行数据“举手的动作”生成的，可以称图1中所提到的上行数据“举手的动作”和上行数据“举手的动作”对应同一个业务。又例如，第一方向的数据包是用于请求一些数据的请求信令，则基于该第一方向的数据包生成的第二方向的数据包中可以携带所请求的数据，这种情况下，第一方向的数据包和第二方向的数据包对应同一个业务。
步骤303，第一通信设备根据总传输时延需求和第一方向的数据包的发送时间，确定第二方向的目标传输时延。其中，总传输时延需求为第一方向的传输时延需求与第二方向的传输时延需求之和。
步骤304，第一通信设备根据第二方向的目标传输时延，发送第二方向的数据包。
通过上述方案可以看出，本申请实施例中可以根据该业务的总传输时延需求和该第一方向的传输时延对第二方向的数据包进行调度。也就是说，本申请实施例可以针对第二数据包这样更细的粒度进行时延控制，而现有的方案仅仅是针对业务的上行业务流的全部数据和下行业务流的全部数据进行粗粒度的QoS控制。结合图1来看，现有的方案中，仅仅是针对VR业务的上行业务流的全部数据和下行业务流的全部数据进行粗粒度的QoS控制，但是无法针对VR业务中更细粒度的数据包单独进行QoS控制，比如无法对图1中“举手的动作”上行数据和下行数据进行调度。而在图1中应用本申请实施例提供的方案后，可以获取上行数据“举手的动作”的传输时延，并结合VR业务的总传输时延需求，对下行数据“举手的动作”进行调度，以使下行数据“举手的动作”可以满足时延需求。
图7中仅仅是以第一方向为上行，第二方向为下行进行示例，又一种可能地实现方式中，若第一方向为下行，第二方向为上行，则图7中，第一通信设可以接收来自应用服务器的第一方向的数据包，并将其发送至终端设备，接收来自终端设备的第二方向的数据包，并根据总传输时延需求和第一方向的数据包的发送时间向应用服务器发送第二方向的数据包。
图7中仅仅是以第一通信设备为进行示例，又一种可能地实现方式中，若第一通信设备为终端设备，则第一方向为下行，第二方向为上行，这种实施方式中，第一通信设备接收来自应用服务器的第一方向的数据包，并根据总传输时延需求和第一方向的数据包的发送时间，将生成的第二方向的数据包发送至应用服务器。
针对上述步骤302提到的该第一方向的数据包和该第二方向的数据包对应同一个业务，有多种实现方式，一种可能地实现方式中，该第一通信设备获取该第一方向的数据包的组标识；若该第一通信设备确定该第二方向的数据包的组标识与该第一方向的数据包的组标识具有关联关系，则确定该第一方向的数据包和该第二方向的数据包对应同一个业务。该第一方向的数据包中包括组标识，该第二方向的数据包中包括组标识。
本申请实施例中两个组标识具有关联关系可以是根据组标识本身的特征来确定、也可以是根据预设的运算公式来计算出两个组标识具有关联关系，也可以是查询组标识对应关系表来确定两个组标识具有关联关系。其中，组标识对应关系表中包括一些具有关联关系的组标识。下面通过方案a1、方案a2、方案a3和方案a4分别对几种可能地实现方式进行 介绍。
方案a1，该第二方向的数据包的组标识与该第一方向的数据包的组标识具有关联关系包括：该第二方向的数据包的组标识与该第一方向的数据包的组标识相同。
方案a2，该第二方向的数据包的组标识与该第一方向的数据包的组标识具有关联关系包括：该第二方向的数据包的组标识中的预设字段与该第一方向的数据包的组标识的预设字段相同。预设字段比如可以是组标识中的部分字段，比如可以为组标识中的前3个字符。
方案a3，该第二方向的数据包的组标识与该第一方向的数据包的组标识具有关联关系包括：将该第一方向的数据包的组标识做为输入，运行预设运算公式，若输出的值与该第二方向的数据包的组标识相同，则确定该第二方向的数据包的组标识与该第一方向的数据包的组标识具有关联关系。
方案a4，该第二方向的数据包的组标识与该第一方向的数据包的组标识具有关联关系包括：查询组标识对应关系表，若该第一方向的数据包的组标识在组标识对应关系表中所对应的组标识，与该第二方向的数据包的组标识相同，则确定该第二方向的数据包的组标识与该第一方向的数据包的组标识具有关联关系。
针对第一方向的数据包携带的组标识以及第二方向的数据包携带的组标识，组标识的位置有多种实现方式。本申请实施例中提供几种可能的实现方式。
图8示例性示出了一种网络架构示意图，如图8所示，示出了终端设备侧的应用层、传输层、网际协议(Internet Protocol，IP)层和服务数据适应协议(Service Data Adaptation Protocol，SDAP)层。还示出了RAN侧的SDAP层和通用分组无线服务道协议(General Packet Radio Service Tunneling Protocol，GTP)层，以及UPF侧GTP层和IP层。
对于上行的数据包来说，终端设备生成上行的数据包，该上行的数据包经过RAN发送至UPF。一种示例中，针对上行的数据包，终端设备侧在应用层给上行数据包打上组标识。终端设备在IP层将从应用层读取到的该上行的数据包的组标识写入该IP层，比如可以写入该IP层的option中。进一步终端设备在SDAP层将从IP层读取到的该上行的数据包的组标识写入该SDAP层的header。进一步，可选地，终端设备可以在交互式业务的上行的数据包打上时间戳，比如在该上行的数据包的SDAP层打上时间戳，该时间戳用于指示该上行的数据包的发送时间。终端设备将该上行的数据包发送至RAN。RAN可以从SDAP层读取组标识，并将该组标识写入该上行的数据包的GTP层。RAN将该上行的数据包发送至UPF。UPF收到该上行的数据包后，可以从GTP层获取该上行的数据包的组标识。服务器收到该上行的数据包后，可以从GTP层获取该上行的数据包的组标识。
又一种示例中，针对上行的数据包，终端设备侧在应用层给上行数据包打上组标识。终端设备在IP层将从应用层读取到的该上行的数据包的组标识写入该IP层，比如可以写入该IP层的option中。终端设备将该上行的数据包通过RAN发送至UPF。UPF收到该上行的数据包后，可以从IP层获取该上行的数据包的组标识。服务器收到该上行的数据包后，可以从IP层获取该上行的数据包的组标识。
第三种示例中，针对下行的数据包中，服务器收到上行的数据包后，在依据该上行的数据包生成下行的数据包时，会读取该上行的数据包中的组标识，并将与该组标识具有关联关系的组标识携带在该下行的数据包中。比如可以将该下行的数据包中包括的组标识携带于该下行的数据包的IP层。服务器将该下行的数据包发送至UPF。UPF收到下行的数据包后，可以从IP层(比如IP层的option)中读取该下行的数据包中携带的组标识。终 端设备收到下行的数据包后，可以从IP层(比如IP层的option)中读取该下行的数据包中携带的组标识。
针对上述步骤303，一种可能地实现上述步骤303的实施方式中，该第一通信设备根据总传输时延需求和第一方向的数据包的发送时间，确定第二方向的目标传输时延，包括：该第一通信设备根据接收到该第一方向的数据包的时间，以及第一方向的数据包中的时间戳，确定该第一方向的传输时延。该第一通信设备根据总传输时延需求，以及该第一方向的传输时延的差值，确定第二方向的目标传输时延。举个例子，当第一通信设备为服务器时，第一方向的传输时延可以是指终端设备和应用服务器之间的传输时延。当第一通信设备为用户面网元时，第一方向的传输时延可以是指终端设备和用户面网元之间的传输时延。当第一通信设备为终端设备时，第一方向的传输时延可以是指终端设备和应用服务器之间的传输时延或者终端设备和用户面网元之间的传输时延。结合图8所示的例子进行示例性说明，如图8所示，以第一通信设备为UPF为例来说，UPF接收到上行的数据包之后，可以记录下该上行的数据包的到达时间，并根据该上行数据包中的时间戳，计算出该上行的数据包的上行传输时延，进而将总传输时延需求和上行传输时延的差值作为下行的数据包的目标传输时延。
针对上述步骤303，又一种可能地实现上述步骤303的实施方式中，该第一通信设备根据总传输时延需求和第一方向的数据包的发送时间，确定第二方向的目标传输时延，包括：该第一通信设备确定收到该第二方向的数据包的时间与该时间戳之间的时长。该第一通信设备根据总传输时延需求与该时长的差值，确定第二方向的目标传输时延。结合图8所示的例子进行示例性说明，如图8所示，以第一通信设备为UPF为例来说，UPF接收上行的数据包和下行的数据包，并在收到下行的数据包的情况下，记下收到的下行的数据包的达到时间，计算该上行的数据包的时间戳和该下行的数据包达到UPF的时间之间的时长，并将总传输时延需求与该时长的差值作为目标传输时延。
在上述步骤304中，可以使第二方向的数据包的传输时延尽量满足第二方向的目标传输时延，比如使第二方向的数据包的传输时延不大于第二方向的目标传输时延。举例，如果总传输时延需求为20ms，当上行的数据包的传输时延为5ms，则当UPF接收到下行的数据包时，应该控制该下行的数据包的传输时延不大于15ms，15ms可以称为下行的目标传输时延。如此，相比现有技术中仅仅是根据Qos flow中的服务质量参数去发送第二方向的数据包的方案，本方案可以更加灵活、更加准确且以更细粒度的调度第二方向的数据包的发送。
本申请实施例中网络可以通过QoS flow机制对传输的业务进行QoS保障。具体来说，终端设备可以与用户面网元之间建立QoS flow，将QoS相同的业务通过同一个QoS flow进行传输。比如可以为建立一个QoS flow1和QoS flow2，分别用于传输两类QoS对应的数据。本申请实施例中QoS flow中对应包括多个QoS参数。表1示例性示出了部分QoS参数的示意表，如表1所示，服务质量参数可以包括5G QoS标识(5G QoS identifier，5QI)、传输时延(Packet Delay Budget)、包错误率(Packet Error Rate)、优先级(Default Priority Level)等等。虽然表1中未示出，本领域技术人员可知，QoS参数还包括很多，比如还可以包括业务传输比特率、业务丢包率等参数。其中，5QI是一个标量，用于索引到对应的5G QoS特征。5QI分为标准化的5QI、预配置的5QI和动态分配的5QI。对于标准化的5QI，与一组标准化的5G QoS特征值一一对应；对于预配置的5QI，对应的5G QoS特征值预配 置在RAN设备上；对于动态分配的5QI，对应的5G QoS特征由核心网设备通过QoS文件(QoS profile)发送给RAN设备。优先级指示在QoS流中调度资源的优先级。
表1服务质量参数的示意表
Figure PCTCN2020073535-appb-000001
针对上述步骤304，一种可能地实现上述步骤304的实施方式中，若该第二方向的数据包的第二方向的传输时延需求不满足该第二方向的目标传输时延，则可以在发送该第二方向的数据包之前调整第二方向的数据包的服务质量参数，之后根据调整后的服务质量参数来发送第二方向的数据包。
其中，本申请实施例涉及到的对服务质量参数的调整可以包括对业务的QoS流标识(QoS Flow Identifier，QFI)、5QI、数据包传输时延、业务传输比特率以及业务丢包率中的一项或多项进行调整。其中，当第二方向的数据包的第二方向的传输时延需求不满足该第二方向的目标传输时延时，需要对服务质量参数进行调整，以使第二方向的数据包的传输速度加快。可选地，可以针对第二方向的数据包执行以下内容中的一项或多项：
调低该第二方向的数据包的服务质量参数中的传输时延；
提高该第二方向的数据包的发送优先级；
提高该第二方向的业务传输比特率；
提高业务丢包率。
一种可选地实施方式中，若对时延参数进行调整，则调低后的该第二方向的数据包的服务质量参数中的传输时延尽量满足第二方向的目标传输时延，比如调低后的该第二方向的数据包的服务质量参数中的传输时延不大于第二方向的目标传输时延，如此，相比现有技术中仅仅是根据Qos flow中的服务质量参数去发送第二方向的数据包的方案，本方案可以对服务质量参数进行修改，以便达到以更细的粒度控制第二方向的数据包的发送的效果。
另一种可选地实施方式中，若对优先级进行调整，优先级可以包括QFI和/或5QI，则提高后的该第二方向的数据包的优先级尽量满足第二方向的目标传输时延，比如根据提高后的该第二方向的数据包的优先级发送第二方向的数据包，这种情况下第二方向的数据包的第二方向的传输时延不大于第二方向的目标传输时延，如此，相比现有技术中仅仅是根据Qos flow中的服务质量参数去发送第二方向的数据包的方案，本方案可以对优先级进行修改，以便达到以更细的粒度控制第二方向的数据包的发送的效果。
针对上述步骤303之前，还包括第一通信设备获取总传输时延需求。可以通过多种实现方式获取总传输时延需求，比如可以通过会话建立过程、会话修改过程以及公用数据网(Public Data Network，PDN)连接过程等等以获取该业务的该总传输时延需求。下面以会话建立过程为分组数据单元(packet data unit，PDU)会话建立过程，会话修改过程为PDU会话修改过程为例进行介绍。本申请实施例中，PDU会话可以为终端设备与数据网络(data network，DN)之间的一个关联，用于提供一个PDU连接服务。
下面以5G系统为例。图9示例性示出了一种会话建立过程的流程示意图。如图9所示，包括：
步骤501，终端设备向AMF发送PDU会话建立请求消息，AMF接收该PDU会话建立请求消息。
在具体实现中，PDU会话建立请求消息比如可以是PDU Session Establishment Request。
步骤502，AMF向SMF传输PDU会话建立请求消息，SMF接收该PDU会话建立请求消息。
在具体实现中，步骤502中的PDU会话建立请求消息比如可以是Nsmf_PDU Session_CreateSMContext Request。
步骤503，SMF从UDM获取会话相关签约信息。
在具体实现中，会话相关签约信息比如可以是(Subscription retrieval/Subscription for updates)。
步骤504，SMF向AMF反馈PDU会话响应消息，AMF接收该PDU会话响应消息。
在具体实现中，步骤504的PDU会话响应消息比如可以是Nsmf_PDUSession_CreateSMContext Response。
步骤505，SMF从PCF获取会话相关策略规则信息。
在具体实现中，会话相关策略规则信息比如可以是SM Policy Association Establishment or SMF initiated SM Policy Association Modification。
步骤506，SMF向UPF发送会话建立请求，UPF接收该会话建立请求。
在具体实现中，会话建立请求比如可以是(N4 Session Establishment Request)。
可以通过步骤506来建立核心网的下行数据连接。
步骤507，UPF向SMF发送会话建立响应，SMF接收该会话建立响应。
在具体实现中，会话建立响应比如可以是N4 Session Establishment Response。
步骤508，SMF向AMF发送PDU会话建立请求消息，AMF接收该PDU会话建立请求消息。
在具体实现中，步骤508中的PDU会话建立请求消息比如可以是Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer。
步骤509，AMF向RAN发送PDU会话建立请求，RAN接收该PDU会话建立请求。
在具体实现中，步骤509中的PDU会话建立请求比如可以是N2 PDU Session Request(NAS msg)。
在步骤509中，N2 PDU Session Request可以用于触发RAN建立PDU会话的空口资源。
步骤510，RAN为PDU会话建立空口资源之后，将PDU会话建立请求发送给终端设备，终端设备接收该PDU会话建立请求。
在具体实现中，步骤510中的PDU会话建立请求比如可以是AN-specific resource setup(PDU Session Establishment Accept)。
步骤511，RAN向AMF发送PDU会话建立响应，AMF接收该PDU会话建立响应。
在具体实现中，步骤511中的PDU会话建立响应比如可以是N2 PDU Session Response。
可以通过以下步骤512至步骤516建立用户面数据的下行传输通道。
步骤512，终端设备向UPF发送第一个上行数据，UPF接收该第一个上行数据。
在具体实现中，第一个上行数据比如可以是First Uplink Data。
步骤513，AMF向SMF发送PDU会话更新请求，SMF接收该PDU会话更新请求。
在具体实现中，PDU会话更新请求比如可以是Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext Request。
步骤514，SMF向UPF发送会话修改请求，UPF接收该会话修改请求。
在具体实现中，会话修改请求比如可以是N4 Session Modification Request。
步骤515，UPF向SMF发送会话修改响应，SMF接收该会话修改响应。
在具体实现中，会话修改响应比如可以是N4 Session Modification Response。
步骤516，UPF向终端设备发送第一个下行数据，终端设备接收该第一个下行数据。
在具体实现中，第一个下行数据比如可以是First Downlink Data。
在本申请实施例中，可以在终端设备的策略规则信息中包括有上行传输时延需求和下行传输时延需求。第一通信设备可以是终端设备或用户面网元。当第一通信设备是用户面网元，比如为图9中的UPF，则可以通过上述步骤505由SMF从PCF获取上行传输时延需求和下行传输时延需求。进一步，可以通过步骤508由SMF将上行传输时延需求和下行传输时延需求发送至UPF。
当第一通信设备是终端设备时，在图9所示的PDU会话建立流程中，可以通过上述步骤505由SMF从PCF获取上行传输时延需求和下行传输时延需求。进一步，通过上述步骤508由SMF将业务的上行传输时延需求和下行传输时延需求传输至AMF，进一步通过上述步骤509和步骤510，由AMF将业务的上行传输时延需求和下行传输时延需求发送至终端设备。
本申请实施例中，在各个通信设备之间传输上行传输时延需求和下行传输时延需求时(比如在AMF和终端设备之间传输)，还可以传输对应的业务的标识，业务的标识可以是数据五元组，比如上行传输时延需求对应的业务的标识可以为上行数据的五元组，再比如下行传输时延需求对应的业务的标识可以为下行数据的五元组。
下面以5G系统为例。图10示例性示出了一种会话修改过程的流程示意图。如图10所示，包括：
步骤601，会话修改流程的触发；
在步骤601中，PDU会话修改流程可以由多种事件来触发，比如策略规则的更新等。
步骤602，如果会话修改导致SMF需要重新请求会话策略授权，则SMF与PCF之间进行会话策略的更新。
步骤603，SMF调用AMF的N1/N2消息传递服务，将更新的N1和/或N2接口的会话信息发给AMF。其中N1会话信息可以包含发送给UE的QoS规则，N2会话信息可以包含发送给AN的QoS配置文件。
注：根据会话修改流程的触发条件的不同，步骤603所使用的消息名称可能有所不同。
步骤604，AMF通过N2消息将从SMF获取的N1和/或N2会话信息发送给AN。
步骤605，AN根据接收到的更新的QoS参数发起空口资源修改流程，更新此次会话修改所涉及的空口资源。同时如果AN从SMF接收到N1消息(如PDU会话修改指示或应答消息)，AN将该N1消息发送给UE。
步骤606，AN向AMF发送N2应答消息，包含接受的QoS流标识(QoS Flow Identifier，QFI)列表和/或拒绝的QFI列表。
步骤607，AMF调用SMF的会话修改服务，将从AN获取的信息发送给SMF。
步骤608，在需要的情况下，SMF执行会话信息更新。具体来说，SMF通过N4接口将新的会话信息(例如更新的QoS参数)更新到UPF。
在本申请实施例中，可以在终端设备的策略规则信息中包括有上行传输时延需求和下行传输时延需求。第一通信设备可以是终端设备或用户面网元。当第一通信设备是用户面网元，比如为图10中的UPF，则可以通过上述步骤602由SMF从PCF获取上行传输时延需求和下行传输时延需求。进一步，可以通过步骤608由SMF将上行传输时延需求和下行传输时延需求发送至UPF。
当第一通信设备是终端设备时，在图10所示的PDU会话建立流程中，可以通过上述步骤602由SMF从PCF获取上行传输时延需求和下行传输时延需求。进一步，通过上述步骤603由SMF将业务的上行传输时延需求和下行传输时延需求传输至AMF，进一步通过上述步骤604和步骤605，由AMF将业务的上行传输时延需求和下行传输时延需求发送至终端设备。
图11示例性示出了一种数据传输方法的流程示意图，该方法可以由第二通信设备来执行，第二通信设备可以包括：终端设备、核心网网元或服务器。其中，核心网网元比如可以包括上述图2中的UPF。图11中以第一方向为上行，第二方向为下行进行示例，且在图11中以第二通信设备为终端设备为例进行介绍，如图11所示，包括：
步骤713，第二通信设备根据业务的第一方向的服务质量参数发送第一方向的时延探测数据包，第一方向的时延探测数据包包括用于指示第一方向的时延探测数据包的发送时间的时间戳。
步骤714，第二通信设备接收第二方向的时延探测数据包，第二方向的时延探测数据包是根据业务的第二方向的服务质量参数发送的；第二通信设备根据第二方向的时延探测数据包的接收时间，以及第一方向的时延探测数据包的发送时间，确定业务的总传输时延。
步骤701，第二通信设备确定业务满足第一条件。
步骤702，第二通信设备触发会话修改流程，会话修改流程用于对业务的服务质量参数进行修改；
其中，第一条件包括以下内容中的一项或多项：
业务的第一方向的传输时延大于业务的第一方向的传输时延需求；其中，若第一方向为上行，则第二方向为下行；或者，若第一方向为下行，则第二方向为上行；
业务的第二方向的传输时延大于业务的第二方向的传输时延需求；
业务的总传输时延大于业务的总传输时延需求，总传输时延为上行传输时延与下行传输时延之和；总传输时延需求为上行传输时延需求和下行传输时延需求之和。
其中，第二通信设备可以通过会话建立过程或会话修改过程获取业务的总传输时延需求。总传输时延需求为上行传输时延需求和下行传输时延需求之和。其中上行传输时延和下行传输时延的获取方式可以参见上述图9和图10中所提到的相关内容。
通过上述步骤701和步骤702提供的方案，本申请实施例中当业务对应的传输时延不满足传输时延需求时，则可以通过触发的会话修改流程对QoS参数进行修改。也就是说，本申请实施例中通过引入QoS反馈机制，在传输时延不满足传输时延需求的情况下，对QoS参数进行修改。
在上述步骤702中，会话修改流程的触发事件有多种，本申请实施例中增加了会话修改流程的触发事件，会话修改流程的触发事件也可以参见上述图10的步骤601的相关内容。一种可选地实施方式中，为上述图10的步骤601提供以下几种用于触发会话修改流程的事件：
事件1，UE触发，如UE请求增加、修改、删除QoS Flow。
事件2，PCF触发，如PCF基于内部或外部状态的修改而发起策略规则信息的更新。
事件3，UDM触发，如会话相关签约信息发生更新。
事件4，SMF触发，如SMF基于本地策略触发增加、修改或者删除QoS Flow等等。
事件5，(R)AN触发，如当(R)AN判断某些QoS Flow的QoS特性无法被满足或可以重新满足时，AN也可以通过发起会话修改流程以通知网络。
其中，在上述事件1中，也可以是终端设备在执行上述步骤701之后，触发的会话修改流程。在上述事件4中，SMF触发会话修改流程，也可以是在收到第二通信设备发送的第一信令之后触发的。可选地，第二通信设备在执行上述步骤701之后，第二通信设备可以发送第一信令给SMF(比如当第二通信设备为服务器，则服务器可以通过NEF发送第一信令给SMF；再比如当第二通信设备为终端设备，则终端设备可以向SMF发送第一信令；再比如当第二通信设备为UPF，则UPF可以向SMF发送第一信令)。第一信令用于使SMF发送会话修改请求。
在上述步骤702中，第一信令包括：用于指示服务质量参数中的待调整参数的调整后的值的指示信息。待调整参数包括以下内容中的一项或多项：QFI、5QI、数据包传输时延、业务传输比特率以及业务丢包率。也就是说，对服务质量参数进行修改可以是对业务的QFI、5QI、数据包传输时延、业务的传输比特率以及业务的丢包率中的一项或多项进行修改。 优先级可以包括QFI和/或5QI。
其中，用于指示服务质量参数中的待调整参数的调整后的值的指示信息可以是上行数据包对应的服务质量参数中的待调整参数的调整后的值，比如是一个建议的上行数据包对应的服务质量参数中的待调整参数的调整后的值。当然也可以是第一方向的传输时延和/或第二方向的传输时延。再比如，还可以是上行数据包对应的服务质量参数中的传输时延的调整量，和/或，下行数据包对应的服务质量参数中的传输时延的调整量。举个例子，上行传输时延需求是5ms，上行传输时延为7ms，则第一信令中可以包括用于指示将上行数据包对应的服务质量参数中的传输时延调整为3ms的指示信息。用于指示将上行数据包对应的服务质量参数中的传输时延调整为3ms的指示信息可以是3ms，也可以是7ms，也可以是4ms(7ms-3ms＝4ms)。
其中，用于指示调整后的业务的优先级的指示信息可以是上行数据包对应的调整后的服务质量参数中的优先级，和/或，下行数据包对应的调整后的服务质量参数中的优先级，比如是一个建议的上行数据包对应的调整后的服务质量参数中的优先级。
在上述步骤701之前，还包括第二通信设备确定业务的传输时延。其中，业务对应的传输时延可以是业务的上行传输时延，或者是业务的下行传输时延，再或者是业务的总传输时延。第二通信设备确定业务的传输时延具体来说可以分为以下情况b1、情况b2和情况b3来描述。上述图11中的步骤713和步骤714仅仅是示例其中一种第二通信设备确定业务的传输时延的方案，上述步骤713和步骤714提供的用于确定业务的传输时延的方案在下述情况b3中进行介绍。下述情况b3中是以第二通信设备为终端设备为例在图11中进行示例的。在实际运用中，第二通信设备也可以是其它网元，比如第二通信设备为UPF或服务器。
情况b1，若第一条件包括第一方向的传输时延大于第一方向的传输时延需求，则第二通信设备接收第一方向的时延探测数据包，第一方向的时延探测数据包是根据业务的第一方向的服务质量参数发送的；第一方向的时延探测数据包包括用于指示第一方向的时延探测数据包的发送时间的时间戳；第二通信设备根据第一方向的时延探测数据包的接收时间，以及第一方向的时延探测数据包的发送时间，确定业务的第一方向的传输时延。
本申请实施例中时延探测数据包的英文可以称为ping packets。
情况b2，若第二条件包括第二方向的传输时延大于第二方向的传输时延需求，则：第二通信设备在确定业务对应的传输时延满足第二条件之前，还包括：第二通信设备接收第二方向的时延探测数据包，第二方向的时延探测数据包是根据业务的第二方向的服务质量参数发送的；第二方向的时延探测数据包包括用于指示第二方向的时延探测数据包的发送时间的时间戳；第二通信设备根据第二方向的时延探测数据包的接收时间，以及第二方向的时延探测数据包的发送时间，确定业务的第二方向的传输时延。
情况b3，在图11中以第二通信设备为终端设备，以第一方向为上行，第二方向为下行为例进行介绍。若第一条件包括总传输时延大于业务的总传输时延需求，则在上述步骤701之前执行上述步骤713和步骤714。
本申请实施例中第一方向的时延探测数据包是根据该业务的第一方向的服务质量参数发送的，第二方向的时延探测数据包是根据该业务的第二方向的服务质量参数发送的。第二通信设备可以根据上述图9和图10所提到的会话建立请求和会话修改请求中的相关流程获取第一方向的服务质量参数和/或第二方向的服务质量参数。服务质量参数可以保存 在策略规则信息中。第二通信设备获取第一方向的服务质量参数和/或第二方向的服务质量参数的方式可以参见上述图9和图10中提到的获取上行传输时延需求和下行传输时延需求的方式，方法类似，在此不再赘述。
本申请实施例中，第一方向的时延探测数据包中还包括业务的标识，该业务的标识可以是需要被测试的业务，比如上述步骤701中提到的业务。比如当第一方向为上行，则第一方向的时延探测数据包中包括的业务的标识可以是业务的上行数据包的五元组。当第一方向为下行，则第一方向的时延探测数据包中包括的业务的标识可以是业务的下行数据包的五元组。在情况b3中，可以根据上行的时延探测数据包中包括的业务的标识和下行的时延探测数据包中包括的业务的标识的对应关系，确定出一个业务所对应的上行的时延探测数据包和下行的时延探测数据包。从而可以根据上行的时延探测数据包的发送时间和下行的时延探测数据包的接收时间确定业务的第二方向的传输时延。
在情况b1、情况b2和情况b3中，第一方向的时延探测数据包和第二方向的时延探测数据包的两端可以是终端设备至UPF之间的，也就是说，第一方向的时延探测数据包和第二方向的时延探测数据包是在终端设备和UPF之间传输的。这种情况下，确定的第一方向的传输时延、第二方向的传输时延和总传输时延都是终端设备至UPF之间的。另一种可选地实施方式中，在情况b1、情况b2和情况b3中，第一方向的时延探测数据包和第二方向的时延探测数据包的两端可以是终端设备至服务器之间的，也就是说，第一方向的时延探测数据包和第二方向的时延探测数据包是在终端设备和应用服务器之间传输的。这种情况下，确定的第一方向的传输时延、第二方向的传输时延和总传输时延都是终端设备至服务器之间的。
以图3所示的通信系统应用于如图4或图5所示的非漫游场景下的5G网络架构为例，如图12所示，为本申请实施例提供的一种数据传输方法，图12的方案可以由图3中的核心网网元1201执行，核心网网元比如可以为上述图2中的NEF或者PCF。如图12所示，该方法包括：
步骤801，核心网网元接收应用服务器发送的业务的总传输时延需求。
在步骤801中，服务器发送的请求可以是会话QoS建立请求。具体实现中会话QoS建立请求可以是.Nnef_AFsessionWithQoS_Create request。
可选地，总传输时延需求对应有业务的标识，服务器可以把业务的标识，以及业务的标识对应的总传输时延需求发送至核心网网元。
步骤802，核心网网元根据业务的总传输时延需求，确定业务的上行数据包对应的服务质量参数和下行数据包对应的服务质量参数。
在步骤802中，可以由NEF执行。若NEF执行，则在执行步骤802后可以执行步骤803。
在上述步骤802中，针对该上行数据包对应的服务质量参数和该下行数据包对应的服务质量参数中的一个服务质量参数包括以下内容中的一项或多项：QFI、5QI、数据包传输时延、业务传输比特率以及业务丢包率。
通过上述步骤802，核心网网元可以根据该业务的总传输时延需求，进行上行和下行的QoS需求的分解，以得到该业务的上行数据包对应的服务质量参数和下行数据包对应的服务质量参数。一方面，因为对于一些业务来说，比如上述图1中所提到的交互式业务，服务器并不关心上行传输时延和下行传输时延，而是更加关心总传输时延，因此服务器只 要上报自身需要多少总传输时延需求即可。之后由核心网网元来进行上行和下行的QoS需求的分解。如此，网元间的工作分配更加合理。
举个例子，比如，业务的总传输时延需求为20ms。核心网网元根据总时延需求为20ms，在上行传输和下行传输之间分配QoS需求，比如可以将上行传输时延需求设置为5ms。将下行传输时延需求设置为15ms。上行传输传输时延是上行数据包对应的QoS flow对应的服务质量参数，下行传输传输时延是下行数据包对应的QoS flow对应的服务质量参数。
在上述步骤802中，有多种实现方式，一种可选地实现方式中，核心网网元可以只根据该业务的总传输时延需求，确定该业务的上行传输时延需求和下行传输时延需求。另外一种可选地实现方式中，该核心网网元根据网络能力和网络状态中的至少一项，以及该业务的总传输时延需求，确定该业务的上行传输时延需求和下行传输时延需求。如此，确定出的业务的上行数据包对应的服务质量参数和下行数据包对应的服务质量参数可以更加的合理，且数据包的实际时延与服务质量参数中所要求的时延误差可以减小。
一种可选地实施方式中，该网络能力包括：网络的上行带宽能力，和/或，网络的下行带宽能力。另一种可选地实施方式中，该网络状态包括以下内容中的一项或多项：接入网的上行链路的负载情况；接入网的下行链路的负载情况；上行时延探测数据包的上行传输时延；下行时延探测数据包的下行传输时延。
步骤803，核心网网元可以通过会话建立流程或者会话修改流程将该业务的上行数据包对应的服务质量参数和下行数据包对应的服务质量参数发送给会话管理网元(比如图2中的SMF网元)，并由会话管理网元执行该业务的上行数据包对应的服务质量参数和下行数据包对应的服务质量参数。
例如，在步骤803中，当核心网网元为PCF时，可以通过上述图9的步骤503或者上述图10的步骤602将该业务的上行数据包对应的服务质量参数和下行数据包对应的服务质量参数发送给SMF。
在步骤803中，会话管理网元执行该业务的上行数据包对应的服务质量参数和下行数据包对应的服务质量参数，可以包括会话管理网元将上行数据包对应的服务质量参数和下行数据包对应的服务质量参数发送给用户面网元，用户面网元根据上行数据包对应的服务质量参数来调度上行数据包，根据下行数据包对应的服务质量参数来调度下行数据包。
在上述图12中，若上述步骤802不是被NEF执行，比如被PCF执行，则NEF可以向PCF发送策略授权创建请求，PCF收到该请求后执行步骤802。执行步骤802之后向NEF向服务器返回会话QoS建立响应。该实施方式通过图13所示的另一种数据传输方法进行示意，在图13中以图12中的核心网网元为PCF为例进行示意，该方法包括：
步骤901，服务器向NEF发送会话QoS建立请求。
具体实现中，会话QoS建立请求可以是.Nnef_AFsessionWithQoS_Create request，其中可以包括业务的总传输时延需求。
步骤902，NEF向PCF发送策略授权创建请求。
具体实现中，策略授权创建请求可以是Npcf_Policy Authorization_Create request；
步骤903，PCF根据该业务的总传输时延需求，确定该业务的上行数据包对应的服务质量参数和下行数据包对应的服务质量参数。
具体实施中，在步骤903之后PCF可以执行上述步骤803的方案，即PCF可以通过会话建立流程或者会话修改流程将该业务的上行数据包对应的服务质量参数和下行数据 包对应的服务质量参数发送给会话管理网元。该部分相关方案参见图8相关描述，此处不再赘述。
步骤904，PCF向NEF发送策略授权创建响应。
具体实现中，策略授权创建响应可以是Npcf_Policy Authorization_Create response。
步骤905，NEF返回会话QoS建立响应。
具体实现中，QoS建立响QoS建立响可以是.Nnef_AFsessionWithQoS_Create response。
其中，上述图7中步骤301至步骤304中的第一通信设备的动作可以由图6所示的通信设备1400中的处理器1401调用存储器1403中存储的应用程序代码来执行，本实施例对此不作任何限制。
其中，上述图11中步骤701至步骤702中的第二通信设备的动作可以由图6所示的通信设备1400中的处理器1401调用存储器1403中存储的应用程序代码来执行，本实施例对此不作任何限制。
其中，上述图12中步骤802中的核心网网元的动作可以由图6所示的通信设备1400中的处理器1401调用存储器1403中存储的应用程序代码来执行，本实施例对此不作任何限制。
需要说明的是，上述图7至图10所示的实施例均是以图2所示的通信系统应用于如图4或图5所示的非漫游场景下的5G网络架构为例进行说明，上述图12至图13所示的实施例均是以图3所示的通信系统应用于如图4或图5所示的非漫游场景下的5G网络架构为例进行说明。若以图2或者图3所示的通信系统应用于本地疏导漫游5G网络架构为例进行说明，或者以图2或者图3所示的通信系统应用于家乡路由漫游5G网络架构为例进行说明，则对应的上报会话管理信息的方法与上述实施例中的方法类似，仅需将相关网元进行适应性替换即可，在此不予赘述。
可以理解的是，以上各个实施例中，由第一通信设备实现的方法和/或步骤，也可以由可用于第一通信设备的部件(例如芯片或者电路)实现；由第二通信设备实现的方法和/或步骤，也可以由可用于第二通信设备的部件(例如芯片或者电路)实现；由核心网网元实现的方法和/或步骤，也可以由可用于核心网网元的部件(例如芯片或者电路)实现。
上述主要从各个网元之间交互的角度对本申请实施例提供的方案进行了介绍。相应的，本申请实施例还提供了通信装置，该通信装置可以为上述方法实施例中的第一通信设备，或者包含上述第一通信设备的装置，或者为可用于第一通信设备的部件；或者，该通信装置可以为上述方法实施例中的第二通信设备，或者包含上述第二通信设备的装置，或者为可用于第二通信设备的部件；或者，该通信装置可以为上述方法实施例中的核心网网元，或者包含上述核心网网元的装置，或者为可用于核心网网元的部件。可以理解的是，该通信装置为了实现上述功能，其包含了执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，本申请能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件的结合形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
根据前述内容，图14示出了一种通信装置1500的结构示意图。该通信装置1500包括收发模块1501和处理模块1502。该收发模块1501，也可以称为收发单元用以实现收发 功能，例如可以是收发电路，收发机，收发器或者通信接口。
在本实施例中，该通信装置1500以采用集成的方式划分各个功能模块的形式来呈现。这里的“模块”可以指特定ASIC，电路，执行一个或多个软件或固件程序的处理器和存储器，集成逻辑电路，和/或其他可以提供上述功能的器件。在一个简单的实施例中，本领域的技术人员可以想到该通信装置1500可以采用图6所示的通信设备1400的形式。
比如，图6所示的通信设备1400中的处理器1401可以通过调用存储器1403中存储的计算机执行指令，使得通信设备1400执行上述方法实施例中的数据传输方法。
具体的，图14中的收发模块1501和处理模块1502的功能/实现过程可以通过图6所示的通信设备1400中的处理器1401调用存储器1403中存储的计算机执行指令来实现。或者，图14中的处理模块1502的功能/实现过程可以通过图6所示的通信设备1400中的处理器1401调用存储器1403中存储的计算机执行指令来实现，图14中的收发模块1501的功能/实现过程可以通过图6中所示的通信设备1400中的通信接口1404来实现。
由于本实施例提供的通信装置1500可执行上述的数据传输的方法，因此其所能获得的技术效果可参考上述方法实施例，在此不再赘述。
比如，以通信装置1500为上述第一通信设备为例。当通信装置1500用于执行上述第一通信设备所执行的方法，则收发模块1501，用于接收第一方向的数据包；接收第二方向的数据包；处理模块1502，用于根据总传输时延需求和第一方向的数据包的发送时间，通过收发模块1501发送该第二方向的数据包；其中，该第一方向的数据包中包括用于指示该第一方向的数据包的发送时间的时间戳；其中，该第一方向的数据包和该第二方向的数据包对应同一个业务；若该第一方向为上行，则该第二方向为下行；或者，若该第一方向为下行，则该第二方向为上行；该总传输时延需求为该第一方向的传输时延需求与第二方向的传输时延需求之和。
当通信装置1500用于执行上述第一通信设备所执行的方法，一种可能地实现方式中，该第一方向的数据包中包括组标识，该第二方向的数据包中包括组标识；该处理模块1502，还用于：若确定该第二方向的数据包的组标识与该第一方向的数据包的组标识具有关联关系，则确定该第一方向的数据包和该第二方向的数据包对应同一个业务。
当通信装置1500用于执行上述第一通信设备所执行的方法，一种可能地实现方式中，该处理模块1502，具体用于：根据接收到该第一方向的数据包的接收时间，以及该第一方向的数据包的发送时间，确定该第一方向的传输时延；根据总传输时延需求与该第一方向的传输时延之间的差值，确定第二方向的目标传输时延；根据该第二方向的目标传输时延，发送该第二方向的数据包。
当通信装置1500用于执行上述第一通信设备所执行的方法，一种可能地实现方式中，该处理模块1502，具体用于：根据总传输时延需求与时长的差值，确定第二方向的目标传输时延；其中，该时长是指该第一通信设备接收到该第二方向的数据包的时间与该第一方向的数据包的发送时间之间的时长；根据该第二方向的目标传输时延，发送该第二方向的数据包。
当通信装置1500用于执行上述第一通信设备所执行的方法，一种可能地实现方式中，该处理模块1502，还用于：若该第二方向的数据包的第二方向的传输时延需求不满足该第二方向的目标传输时延，则执行以下内容中的一项或多项：调低该第二方向的数据包的服务质量参数中的传输时延；提高该第二方向的数据包的发送优先级；提高该第二方向的业 务传输比特率；提高业务丢包率。
当通信装置1500用于执行上述第一通信设备所执行的方法，一种可能地实现方式中，该处理模块1502，还用于：通过会话建立过程或会话修改过程获取该业务的该总传输时延需求。
由于本实施例提供的通信装置1500可执行上述的第一通信设备所执行的方法，因此相关介绍以及其所能获得的技术效果可参考上述方法实施例，在此不再赘述。
比如，以通信装置1500为上述第二通信设备为例。当通信装置1500用于执行上述第二通信设备所执行的方法，则该处理模块1502，用于确定业务满足第一条件；触发会话修改流程，该会话修改流程用于对该业务的服务质量参数进行修改。其中，第一条件的内容可参见前述实施例中相关内容，在此不再赘述。
当通信装置1500用于执行上述第二通信设备所执行的方法，一种可能地实现方式中，若该第一条件为该总传输时延大于该业务的总传输时延需求，则：该处理模块1502，还用于：根据该业务的第一方向的服务质量参数通过该收发模块1501发送第一方向的时延探测数据包，该第一方向的时延探测数据包包括用于指示该第一方向的时延探测数据包的发送时间的时间戳；根据该第二方向的时延探测数据包的接收时间，以及该第一方向的时延探测数据包的发送时间，确定该业务的总传输时延；该收发模块1501，还用于：接收第二方向的时延探测数据包，该第二方向的时延探测数据包是根据该业务的第二方向的服务质量参数发送的；其中，若该第一方向为上行，则该第二方向为下行；若该第一方向为下行，则该第二方向为上行。
当通信装置1500用于执行上述第二通信设备所执行的方法，一种可能地实现方式中，若该第一条件为该第一方向的传输时延大于该第一方向的传输时延需求，则：该收发模块1501，还用于：接收第一方向的时延探测数据包，该第一方向的时延探测数据包包括用于指示该第一方向的时延探测数据包的发送时间的时间戳；该处理模块1502，还用于：根据该第一方向的时延探测数据包的接收时间，以及该第一方向的时延探测数据包的发送时间，确定该业务的第一方向的传输时延。
当通信装置1500用于执行上述第二通信设备所执行的方法，一种可能地实现方式中，若该第二条件为该第二方向的传输时延大于该第二方向的传输时延需求，则：该收发模块1501，还用于：接收第二方向的时延探测数据包，该第二方向的时延探测数据包包括用于指示该第二方向的时延探测数据包的发送时间的时间戳；该处理模块1502，还用于：根据该第二方向的时延探测数据包的接收时间，以及该第二方向的时延探测数据包的发送时间，确定该业务的第二方向的传输时延。
当通信装置1500用于执行上述第二通信设备所执行的方法，一种可能地实现方式中，该收发模块1501，具体用于：发送第一信令给会话管理功能网元；该第一信令用于使该会话管理功能网元发送会话修改请求；其中，该第一信令包括：用于指示服务质量参数中的待调整参数的调整后的值的指示信息；其中，该待调整参数包括以下内容中的一项或多项：服务质量流标识、5G服务质量标识、数据包传输时延、业务传输比特率以及业务丢包率。
由于本实施例提供的通信装置1500可执行上述的第二通信设备所执行的方法，因此相关介绍以及其所能获得的技术效果可参考上述方法实施例，在此不再赘述。
比如，以通信装置1500为上述核心网网元为例。当通信装置1500用于执行上述核心网网元所执行的方法，则收发模块1501，用于接收应用服务模块发送的业务的总传输时延 需求；处理模块1502，用于根据该业务的总传输时延需求，确定该业务的上行数据包对应的服务质量参数和下行数据包对应的服务质量参数。
当通信装置1500用于执行上述核心网网元所执行的方法，一种可能地实现方式中该处理模块1502，具体用于：根据网络能力和网络状态中的至少一项，以及该业务的总传输时延需求，确定该业务的上行传输时延需求和下行传输时延需求。
当通信装置1500用于执行上述核心网网元所执行的方法，一种可能地实现方式中该收发模块1501，还用于：通过会话建立流程或者会话修改流程将该业务的上行数据包对应的服务质量参数和下行数据包对应的服务质量参数发送给会话管理网元。
由于本实施例提供的通信装置1500可执行上述的核心网网元所执行的方法，因此相关介绍以及其所能获得的技术效果可参考上述方法实施例，在此不再赘述。
需要说明的是，以上模块或单元的一个或多个可以软件、硬件或二者结合来实现。当以上任一模块或单元以软件实现的时候，该软件以计算机程序指令的方式存在，并被存储在存储器中，处理器可以用于执行该程序指令并实现以上方法流程。该处理器可以内置于SoC(片上系统)或ASIC，也可是一个独立的半导体芯片。该处理器内处理用于执行软件指令以进行运算或处理的核外，还可进一步包括必要的硬件加速器，如现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)、PLD(可编程逻辑器件)、或者实现专用逻辑运算的逻辑电路。
当以上模块或单元以硬件实现的时候，该硬件可以是CPU、微处理器、数字信号处理(digital signal processing，DSP)芯片、微控制单元(microcontroller unit，MCU)、人工智能处理器、ASIC、SoC、FPGA、PLD、专用数字电路、硬件加速器或非集成的分立器件中的任一个或任一组合，其可以运行必要的软件或不依赖于软件以执行以上方法流程。
可选的，本申请实施例还提供了一种通信装置(例如，该通信装置可以是芯片或芯片系统)，该通信装置包括处理器，用于实现上述任一方法实施例中的方法。在一种可能的设计中，该通信装置还包括存储器。该存储器，用于保存必要的程序指令和数据，处理器可以调用存储器中存储的程序代码以指令该通信装置执行上述任一方法实施例中的方法。当然，存储器也可以不在该通信装置中。该通信装置是芯片系统时，可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件程序实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式来实现。该计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例该的流程或功能。该计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。该计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，该计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或者数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line，DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。该计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可以用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。该可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)，光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘(solid state disk，SSD))等。
尽管在此结合各实施例对本申请进行了描述，然而，在实施所要求保护的本申请过程 中，本领域技术人员通过查看该附图、公开内容、以及所附权利要求书，可理解并实现该公开实施例的其他变化。在权利要求中，“包括”(comprising)一词不排除其他组成部分或步骤，“一”或“一个”不排除多个的情况。单个处理器或其他单元可以实现权利要求中列举的若干项功能。相互不同的从属权利要求中记载了某些措施，但这并不表示这些措施不能组合起来产生良好的效果。
尽管结合具体特征及其实施例对本申请进行了描述，显而易见的，在不脱离本申请的精神和范围的情况下，可对其进行各种修改和组合。相应地，本说明书和附图仅仅是所附权利要求所界定的本申请的示例性说明，且视为已覆盖本申请范围内的任意和所有修改、变化、组合或等同物。显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (26)

  1. 一种数据传输方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一通信设备接收第一方向的数据包；所述第一方向的数据包中包括用于指示所述第一方向的数据包的发送时间的时间戳；
    所述第一通信设备接收第二方向的数据包；其中，所述第一方向的数据包和所述第二方向的数据包对应同一个业务；若所述第一方向为上行，则所述第二方向为下行；或者，若所述第一方向为下行，则所述第二方向为上行；
    所述第一通信设备根据总传输时延需求和第一方向的数据包的发送时间，发送所述第二方向的数据包；
    其中，所述总传输时延需求为所述第一方向的传输时延需求与第二方向的传输时延需求之和。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一方向的数据包中包括组标识，所述第二方向的数据包中包括组标识；
    所述方法还包括：
    若所述第一通信设备确定所述第二方向的数据包的组标识与所述第一方向的数据包的组标识具有关联关系，则所述第一通信设备确定所述第一方向的数据包和所述第二方向的数据包对应同一个业务。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，上行的数据包中包括的组标识携带于该上行的数据包的网际协议IP层或通用分组无线服务隧道协议GTP层；
    和/或，
    下行的数据包中包括的组标识携带于该下行的数据包的IP层。
  4. 如权利要求1-3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一通信设备根据总传输时延需求和第一方向的数据包的发送时间，发送所述第二方向的数据包，包括：
    所述第一通信设备根据接收到所述第一方向的数据包的接收时间，以及所述第一方向的数据包的发送时间，确定所述第一方向的传输时延；
    所述第一通信设备根据总传输时延需求与所述第一方向的传输时延之间的差值，确定第二方向的目标传输时延；
    所述第一通信设备根据所述第二方向的目标传输时延，发送所述第二方向的数据包。
  5. 如权利要求1-3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一通信设备根据总传输时延需求和第一方向的数据包的发送时间，发送所述第二方向的数据包，包括：
    所述第一通信设备根据总传输时延需求与时长的差值，确定第二方向的目标传输时延；其中，所述时长是指所述第一通信设备接收到所述第二方向的数据包的时间与所述第一方向的数据包的发送时间之间的时长；
    所述第一通信设备根据所述第二方向的目标传输时延，发送所述第二方向的数据包。
  6. 如权利要求4或5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    若所述第二方向的数据包的第二方向的传输时延需求不满足所述第二方向的目标传输时延，则在执行以下内容中的一项或多项：
    调低所述第二方向的数据包的服务质量参数中的传输时延；
    提高所述第二方向的数据包的发送优先级；
    提高所述第二方向的业务传输比特率；
    提高业务丢包率。
  7. 如权利要求1-6任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一通信设备通过会话建立过程或会话修改过程获取所述业务的所述总传输时延需求。
  8. 一种数据传输方法，其特征在于，包括：
    所述第二通信设备确定业务满足第一条件；
    所述第二通信设备触发会话修改流程，所述会话修改流程用于对所述业务的服务质量参数进行修改；
    其中，所述第一条件包括以下内容中的一项或多项：
    所述业务的第一方向的传输时延大于所述第一方向的传输时延需求；其中，若所述第一方向为上行，则所述第二方向为下行；或者，若所述第一方向为下行，则所述第二方向为上行；
    所述业务的所述第二方向的传输时延大于所述第二方向的传输时延需求；
    所述业务的总传输时延大于总传输时延需求，所述总传输时延为上行传输时延与下行传输时延之和；所述总传输时延需求为上行传输时延需求和下行传输时延需求之和。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，若所述第一条件为所述总传输时延大于所述业务的总传输时延需求，则：
    所述第二通信设备在确定业务对应的传输时延满足第一条件之前，还包括：
    所述第二通信设备根据所述业务的第一方向的服务质量参数发送第一方向的时延探测数据包，所述第一方向的时延探测数据包包括用于指示所述第一方向的时延探测数据包的发送时间的时间戳；
    所述第二通信设备接收第二方向的时延探测数据包，所述第二方向的时延探测数据包是根据所述业务的第二方向的服务质量参数发送的；其中，若所述第一方向为上行，则所述第二方向为下行；若所述第一方向为下行，则所述第二方向为上行；
    所述第二通信设备根据所述第二方向的时延探测数据包的接收时间，以及所述第一方向的时延探测数据包的发送时间，确定所述业务的总传输时延。
  10. 如权利要求8或9所述的方法，其特征在于，若所述第一条件为所述第一方向的传输时延大于所述第一方向的传输时延需求，则：
    所述第二通信设备在确定业务对应的传输时延满足第一条件之前，还包括：
    所述第二通信设备接收第一方向的时延探测数据包，所述第一方向的时延探测数据包包括用于指示所述第一方向的时延探测数据包的发送时间的时间戳；
    所述第二通信设备根据所述第一方向的时延探测数据包的接收时间，以及所述第一方向的时延探测数据包的发送时间，确定所述业务的第一方向的传输时延。
  11. 如权利要求8或9所述的方法，其特征在于，若所述第二条件为所述第二方向的传输时延大于所述第二方向的传输时延需求，则：
    所述第二通信设备在确定业务对应的传输时延满足第二条件之前，还包括：
    所述第二通信设备接收第二方向的时延探测数据包，所述第二方向的时延探测数据包包括用于指示所述第二方向的时延探测数据包的发送时间的时间戳；
    所述第二通信设备根据所述第二方向的时延探测数据包的接收时间，以及所述第二方 向的时延探测数据包的发送时间，确定所述业务的第二方向的传输时延。
  12. 如权利要求8-11任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二通信设备触发会话修改流程，包括：
    所述第二通信设备发送第一信令给会话管理功能网元；所述第一信令用于使所述会话管理功能网元发送会话修改请求；
    其中，所述第一信令包括：用于指示服务质量参数中的待调整参数的调整后的值的指示信息；
    其中，所述待调整参数包括以下内容中的一项或多项：服务质量流标识、5G服务质量标识、数据包传输时延、业务传输比特率以及业务丢包率。
  13. 如权利要求8-12任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二通信设备包括：终端设备、核心网网元或服务器。
  14. 一种通信设备，其特征在于，包括：
    收发模块，用于接收第一方向的数据包；接收第二方向的数据包；
    处理模块，用于根据总传输时延需求和第一方向的数据包的发送时间，通过收发模块发送所述第二方向的数据包；
    其中，所述第一方向的数据包中包括用于指示所述第一方向的数据包的发送时间的时间戳；其中，所述第一方向的数据包和所述第二方向的数据包对应同一个业务；若所述第一方向为上行，则所述第二方向为下行；或者，若所述第一方向为下行，则所述第二方向为上行；所述总传输时延需求为所述第一方向的传输时延需求与第二方向的传输时延需求之和。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述第一方向的数据包中包括组标识，所述第二方向的数据包中包括组标识；
    所述处理模块，还用于：
    若确定所述第二方向的数据包的组标识与所述第一方向的数据包的组标识具有关联关系，则确定所述第一方向的数据包和所述第二方向的数据包对应同一个业务。
  16. 如权利要求14-15任一项所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述处理模块，具体用于：
    根据接收到所述第一方向的数据包的接收时间，以及所述第一方向的数据包的发送时间，确定所述第一方向的传输时延；
    根据总传输时延需求与所述第一方向的传输时延之间的差值，确定第二方向的目标传输时延；
    根据所述第二方向的目标传输时延，发送所述第二方向的数据包。
  17. 如权利要求14-15任一项所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述处理模块，具体用于：
    根据总传输时延需求与时长的差值，确定第二方向的目标传输时延；其中，所述时长是指所述第一通信设备接收到所述第二方向的数据包的时间与所述第一方向的数据包的发送时间之间的时长；
    根据所述第二方向的目标传输时延，发送所述第二方向的数据包。
  18. 如权利要求16或17所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述处理模块，还用于：
    若所述第二方向的数据包的第二方向的传输时延需求不满足所述第二方向的目标传 输时延，则执行以下内容中的一项或多项：
    调低所述第二方向的数据包的服务质量参数中的传输时延；
    提高所述第二方向的数据包的发送优先级；
    提高所述第二方向的业务传输比特率；
    提高业务丢包率。
  19. 如权利要求14-18任一项所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述处理模块，还用于：
    通过会话建立过程或会话修改过程获取所述业务的所述总传输时延需求。
  20. 一种通信设备，其特征在于，包括处理模块和收发模块：
    所述处理模块，用于确定业务满足第一条件；触发会话修改流程，所述会话修改流程用于对所述业务的服务质量参数进行修改；
    其中，所述第一条件包括以下内容中的一项或多项：
    所述业务的第一方向的传输时延大于通过所述收发模块接收的所述第一方向的传输时延需求；其中，若所述第一方向为上行，则所述第二方向为下行；或者，若所述第一方向为下行，则所述第二方向为上行；
    所述业务的所述第二方向的传输时延大于通过所述收发模块接收的所述第二方向的传输时延需求；
    所述业务的总传输时延大于通过所述收发模块接收的总传输时延需求，所述总传输时延为上行传输时延与下行传输时延之和；所述总传输时延需求为上行传输时延需求和下行传输时延需求之和。
  21. 如权利要求20所述的通信设备，其特征在于，若所述第一条件为所述总传输时延大于所述业务的总传输时延需求，则：
    所述处理模块，还用于：
    根据所述业务的第一方向的服务质量参数通过所述收发模块发送第一方向的时延探测数据包，所述第一方向的时延探测数据包包括用于指示所述第一方向的时延探测数据包的发送时间的时间戳；
    根据所述第二方向的时延探测数据包的接收时间，以及所述第一方向的时延探测数据包的发送时间，确定所述业务的总传输时延；
    所述收发模块，还用于：
    接收第二方向的时延探测数据包，所述第二方向的时延探测数据包是根据所述业务的第二方向的服务质量参数发送的；其中，若所述第一方向为上行，则所述第二方向为下行；若所述第一方向为下行，则所述第二方向为上行。
  22. 如权利要求20或21所述的通信设备，其特征在于，若所述第一条件为所述第一方向的传输时延大于所述第一方向的传输时延需求，则：
    所述收发模块，还用于：
    接收第一方向的时延探测数据包，所述第一方向的时延探测数据包包括用于指示所述第一方向的时延探测数据包的发送时间的时间戳；
    所述处理模块，还用于：
    根据所述第一方向的时延探测数据包的接收时间，以及所述第一方向的时延探测数据包的发送时间，确定所述业务的第一方向的传输时延。
  23. 如权利要求20或21任一项所述的通信设备，其特征在于，若所述第二条件为所 述第二方向的传输时延大于所述第二方向的传输时延需求，则：
    所述收发模块，还用于：
    接收第二方向的时延探测数据包，所述第二方向的时延探测数据包包括用于指示所述第二方向的时延探测数据包的发送时间的时间戳；
    所述处理模块，还用于：
    根据所述第二方向的时延探测数据包的接收时间，以及所述第二方向的时延探测数据包的发送时间，确定所述业务的第二方向的传输时延。
  24. 如权利要求20-23任一项所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述收发模块，具体用于：
    发送第一信令给会话管理功能网元；所述第一信令用于使所述会话管理功能网元发送会话修改请求；
    其中，所述第一信令包括：用于指示服务质量参数中的待调整参数的调整后的值的指示信息；
    其中，所述待调整参数包括以下内容中的一项或多项：服务质量流标识、5G服务质量标识、数据包传输时延、业务传输比特率以及业务丢包率。
  25. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，包括第一通信设备和应用服务器；
    所述第一通信设备，用于：接收第一方向的数据包，接收第二方向的数据包，根据总传输时延需求和第一方向的数据包的发送时间，发送所述第二方向的数据包；其中，所述第一方向的数据包中包括用于指示所述第一方向的数据包的发送时间的时间戳；所述第一方向的数据包和所述第二方向的数据包对应同一个业务；若所述第一方向为上行，则所述第二方向为下行；或者，若所述第一方向为下行，则所述第二方向为上行；所述总传输时延需求为所述第一方向的传输时延需求与第二方向的传输时延需求之和；
    当所述第一方向为上行，所述第二方向为下行：所述应用服务器，用于接收来自所述第一通信设备的第一方向的数据包，向所述第一通信设备发送所述第二方向的数据包；
    当所述第一方向为下行，所述第二方向为上行：所述应用服务器，用于向所述第一通信设备发送所述第一方向的数据包，接收来自所述第一通信设备的第二方向的数据包。
  26. 如权利要求25所述的通信系统，其特征在于，所述第一通信设备为上述权利要求14至19中的任一项所述的通信设备。
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