WO2021142693A1 - 透明显示装置 - Google Patents

透明显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021142693A1
WO2021142693A1 PCT/CN2020/072384 CN2020072384W WO2021142693A1 WO 2021142693 A1 WO2021142693 A1 WO 2021142693A1 CN 2020072384 W CN2020072384 W CN 2020072384W WO 2021142693 A1 WO2021142693 A1 WO 2021142693A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
guide plate
transparent display
light guide
emitting
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PCT/CN2020/072384
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
贾南方
彭依丹
王龙
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
北京京东方技术开发有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司, 北京京东方技术开发有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2020/072384 priority Critical patent/WO2021142693A1/zh
Priority to CN202090000001.5U priority patent/CN212647216U/zh
Publication of WO2021142693A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021142693A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a transparent display device.
  • scattering type transparent display devices based on Polymer Stabilized Liquid Crystal (PSLC) and Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal (PDLC) have higher transmittance and higher display clarity. .
  • PSLC Polymer Stabilized Liquid Crystal
  • PDLC Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal
  • the present disclosure aims to provide a transparent display device to improve the display uniformity of the transparent display device and reduce the overall volume of the transparent display device.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a transparent display device, including a light source, a light guide plate, and a transparent display panel.
  • the light guide plate has a light exit surface, a bottom surface opposite to the light exit surface, and a connection between the light exit surface and the bottom surface.
  • the light source is arranged on the light entrance surface side of the light guide plate, and is used to emit light toward the light entrance surface of the light guide plate; the light exit surface of the light guide plate is provided with a plurality of light exit structures,
  • the light exit structure is used to control the light in the light guide plate to exit from the light exit structure and enter the transparent display panel, and the direction of the light entering the transparent display panel is between the direction of the light entering the transparent display panel and the thickness direction of the transparent display panel.
  • the angle between the two is larger than the critical angle of total reflection when the light enters the outside air from the transparent display panel, and the light emitted from the plurality of light emitting structures is uniformly distributed.
  • the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate is provided with a plurality of grooves, the light-emitting structure is filled in the grooves one by one, and the light-emitting structure is filled with the grooves.
  • the longitudinal section of the groove perpendicular to the light incident surface is triangular or trapezoidal.
  • the groove has a first side surface and a second side surface, and both the first side surface and the second side surface are planes inclined to the bottom surface of the light guide plate, and the light in the light guide plate is from The first side surface enters the light-emitting structure, the first side surface and the second side surface have opposite inclination directions, and the angle between the plane where the first side surface is located and the bottom surface of the light guide plate is 25° ⁇ Between 35°, the angle between the plane where the second side is located and the bottom surface of the light guide plate is between 25° and 35°.
  • the orthographic projection of the groove on the bottom surface of the light guide plate is a rectangle
  • the size of the rectangle in the first direction is between 50 ⁇ m and 2 mm
  • the size of the rectangle in the second direction is between 50 ⁇ m and 2 mm.
  • the first direction is parallel to the light incident surface
  • the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the refractive index of the light guide plate is between 1.45 and 1.60, and the refractive index of the light-emitting structure is between 1.40 and 1.50.
  • the distribution density of the light exit structure gradually increases.
  • the plurality of light-emitting structures on the light guide plate are arranged in multiple rows, and each row includes a plurality of the light-emitting structures arranged in a direction parallel to the light incident surface, wherein,
  • the distance between two adjacent rows of the light-emitting structures gradually decreases; and/or, in the direction away from the light-incident surface, the number of the light-emitting structures in each column gradually increases .
  • the light guide plate and the transparent display panel are bonded by a transparent adhesive layer, and the light-emitting structure and the transparent adhesive layer are an integral structure.
  • the half-angle of light emission of the light source is between 20° and 30°.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the light incident mode of a scattering type transparent display device in the related art.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a projection type light incident method of a scattering type transparent display device in the related art.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a transparent display device provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a first top view of the light guide plate and the light emitting structure provided on the light emitting surface in the embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a second top view of the light guide plate and the light emitting structure provided on the light emitting surface in the embodiment of the disclosure.
  • Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA' in Fig. 4 in the embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the light guide plate in FIG. 6.
  • Fig. 8 is a partial enlarged view of area I in Fig. 7.
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the groove on the light guide plate in FIG. 7.
  • Fig. 10 is another cross-sectional view taken along line AA' in Fig. 4 in the embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the light guide plate in FIG. 10.
  • Fig. 12 is a partial enlarged view of area J in Fig. 11.
  • FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the groove on the light guide plate in FIG. 11.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the light distribution emitted by the light source in an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 15 is a simulation diagram of the display effect of the display device in the embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the side light incident method of a scattering type transparent display device in the related art.
  • the side light incident method is specifically as follows: the light source 10 emits light from the side surface of the transparent display panel 20 to the liquid crystal layer 21, and In the pixel position where the display is not performed, the light is totally reflected in the liquid crystal layer 21 and thus is transmitted in the horizontal direction. At the pixel position for image display (position A in FIG. 1), light is scattered and exits the transparent display panel 20.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the side light incident method of a scattering type transparent display device in the related art.
  • the side light incident method is specifically as follows: the light source 10 emits light from the side surface of the transparent display panel 20 to the liquid crystal layer 21, and In the pixel position where the display is not performed, the light is totally reflected in the liquid crystal layer 21 and thus is transmitted in the horizontal direction. At the pixel position for image display (position A in FIG. 1), light is scattered and exits the transparent display panel 20.
  • the projection type light incident method is specifically as follows: the light source 10 faces the transparent display panel 20 on the rear side of the transparent display panel 20 It emits light, and the transparent display panel 20 is located in the illuminated area of the light source. When the light irradiates the pixel position for display (position B in FIG. 2), the light is scattered and exits the transparent display panel 20.
  • the transparent display panel 20 displays an image
  • the total energy scattered by it gradually declines, resulting in close to the light source 10 and far away from the light source.
  • the display uniformity of 10 is poor; and the larger the size of the transparent display panel 20, the poorer the display uniformity.
  • the volume of the light source 10 needs to be larger, and a certain distance is left between the light source 10 and the transparent display panel 20, which will result in the entire display
  • the volume of the device is relatively large.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the transparent display device provided by the embodiment of the disclosure. As shown in FIG. 3, the transparent display device includes a light source 10, a light guide plate 31 and a transparent display panel 20.
  • the light guide plate 31 has a light-emitting surface S2, a bottom surface S3 opposite to the light-emitting surface S2, and a light-incident surface S1 connected between the light-emitting surface S2 and the bottom surface S3.
  • the light source 10 is arranged on the light incident surface S1 side of the light guide plate 31, and is used to emit light toward the light incident surface S1 of the light guide plate 31.
  • the light-emitting surface S2 of the light guide plate 31 is provided with a plurality of light-emitting structures 32.
  • the light-emitting structure 32 is used to control the light in the light guide plate 31 to exit from the light-emitting structure 32 and enter the transparent display panel 20, and the light that enters the transparent display panel 20
  • the angle between the direction of ⁇ and the thickness direction of the transparent display panel 20 is greater than the critical angle of total reflection when light enters the outside air from the transparent display panel 20, and the light emitted from the plurality of light emitting structures 32 is uniformly distributed.
  • the light guide plate 31 is used for total reflection and propagation of light incident on the light incident surface S1.
  • the refractive index of the light guide plate 31 is greater than the refractive index of the outside air
  • the light exit surface of the light guide plate 31 includes a non-light exit area and a plurality of light exit areas
  • the light exit structure 32 is located in the light exit area.
  • the light guide plate 31 has a plate-like structure, and the shape of the light exit surface and the shape of the bottom surface are the same as the shape of the display surface of the transparent display panel 20. For example, if the display surface of the transparent display panel 20 is rectangular, the light emitting surface S2 and the bottom surface S3 of the light guide plate 31 are both rectangular.
  • the transparent display panel 20 includes an array substrate 22, an alignment substrate 23, and a liquid crystal layer 21 located between the array substrate 22 and the alignment substrate 23, wherein the liquid crystal layer 21 is a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer or a polymer Stabilize the liquid crystal layer.
  • the liquid crystal layer 21 includes liquid crystal molecules and a polymer network, and the liquid crystal molecules may be nematic liquid crystal molecules.
  • the liquid crystal molecules in the same layer in the liquid crystal layer 21 have the same orientation.
  • the refractive index when it is transmitted in the liquid crystal layer 21 does not change, so no scattering occurs.
  • the transparent display panel 20 is in a transparent state (that is, no image is displayed); when an electric field is applied to the transparent display panel 20, the liquid crystal molecules are affected by the polymer network, and the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules will be disordered, resulting in light scattering That is, during the horizontal transmission of light in the liquid crystal layer 21, part of the light will exit the transparent display panel 20, so that the display image can be seen on the light exit side of the transparent display panel 20.
  • the light output of each pixel can be controlled by controlling the electric field intensity of each pixel in the transparent display panel 20. , So as to realize the image display.
  • the light propagating in the light guide plate 31 reaches the light output structure 32, it exits the light output structure 32 and enters the transparent display panel 20.
  • the direction of the light entering the transparent display panel 20 is the same as the thickness direction of the transparent display panel 20.
  • the included angle is greater than the critical angle of total reflection when any light enters the outside air from the transparent display panel 20. Therefore, when the transparent display panel 20 is not applied with a driving voltage, the light is totally reflected in the transparent display panel 20.
  • the light guide plate 31 in the embodiment of the present disclosure has a smaller volume, and does not need to leave a large distance with the transparent display panel 20, which is beneficial to reduce the size.
  • the thickness and volume of the transparent display device are conducive to integrated design.
  • the distribution density of the light output structure 32 gradually increases.
  • FIG. 4 is a first plan view of the light guide plate and the light emitting structure provided on the light emitting surface in the embodiment of the disclosure.
  • the light guide plate 31 is arranged in multiple rows.
  • the column includes a plurality of light-emitting structures 32 arranged in a direction parallel to the light-incident surface S1, wherein, in the direction away from the light-incident surface S1 (that is, the direction from left to right in FIG. 4), two adjacent light structures 32 are listed The distance between them gradually decreases. It should be noted that, among the multiple light-emitting structures 32 located in the same column, the distance between every two adjacent light-emitting structures 32 is the same or substantially the same. Exemplarily, the number of light emitting structures 32 in each column is the same or substantially the same.
  • each The column includes a plurality of light-emitting structures 32 arranged in a direction parallel to the light-incident surface S1, wherein, in the direction away from the light-incident surface S1 (ie, the direction from left to right in FIG. 5), the number of light structures 32 is listed each time Gradually increase.
  • the spacing between every two adjacent light-emitting structures 32 is the same or substantially the same.
  • the distances between the light structures 32 are the same or substantially the same in every two adjacent lists.
  • the distribution density of the light emitting structure 32 can be gradually increased in the direction away from the light incident surface S1 of the light guide plate 31.
  • the specific distribution mode of the light-emitting structure 32 is not limited to the mode shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, as long as the distribution density of the light-emitting structure 32 can be made to gradually increase in the direction away from the light incident surface S1 of the light guide plate 31 That's it.
  • the multiple light-emitting structures 32 on the light guide plate 31 are arranged in multiple rows, and each column includes multiple light-emitting structures 32 arranged in a direction parallel to the light-incident surface S1. The number of structures 32 gradually increases; at the same time, along the direction away from the light incident surface S1, the distance between two adjacent light structures 32 gradually decreases.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA' in FIG. 4 in the embodiment of the disclosure
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the light guide plate in FIG. 6
  • FIG. 8 is a partial enlarged view of area I in FIG. 7
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram Fig. 7 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the groove in Fig. 10,
  • Fig. 10 is another cross-sectional view along the line AA' in Fig. 4 in the embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 11 is a structural diagram of the light guide plate in Fig. 10, and Fig. 12 is J in Fig. 11 A partial enlarged view of the area
  • FIG. 13 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the groove in FIG. 11. As shown in combination with FIG. 3 and FIG.
  • a plurality of grooves V are provided on the light-emitting surface S2 of the light guide plate 31, and the grooves V can be made by diamond dotting, laser etching, or the like.
  • the light-emitting structure 32 fills the groove V in a one-to-one correspondence, and the light-emitting structure 32 fills the groove V.
  • the light-emitting structure 32 is made of an adhesive material, for example, optical adhesive (OCA).
  • OCA optical adhesive
  • the light guide plate 31 and the transparent display panel 20 are bonded by a transparent adhesive layer 40.
  • the light emitting structure 32 and the transparent adhesive layer 40 are an integral structure, that is, the materials of the two are the same.
  • the light emitting structure 32 and the transparent adhesive layer 40 can be formed at the same time, thereby simplifying the manufacturing process.
  • a whole layer of optical glue may be directly formed on the light guide plate 31, so that the optical glue fills the groove V, and then the optical glue is cured, and the cured optical glue filled in the groove V is the light emitting In structure 32, the cured optical glue above the light emitting surface S2 is the transparent adhesive layer 40.
  • the refractive index of the light guide plate 31 is between 1.45 and 1.60, and the refractive index of the light-emitting structure 32 is between 1.40 and 1.50.
  • the refractive index of the light guide plate 31 is between 1.57 and 1.60, and the refractive index of the light emitting structure 32 is between 1.47 and 1.49.
  • the refractive index of the light guide plate 31 is between 1.55 and 1.57, and the refractive index of the light-emitting structure 32 is between 1.47 and 1.48.
  • the material of the light guide plate 31 includes polycarbonate or polymethyl methacrylate
  • the material of the light emitting structure 32 includes any of silicone rubber, acrylic resin, unsaturated polyester, polyurethane, and epoxy resin. A sort of.
  • the longitudinal section of the groove V perpendicular to the light incident surface S1 is triangular. It should be understood that the longitudinal section of the groove V is a section perpendicular to the bottom surface S3 of the light guide plate 31. .
  • the groove V has a first side surface V_1 and a second side surface V_2.
  • the first side surface V_1 and the second side surface V_2 are both planes inclined to the bottom surface S3 of the light guide plate 31.
  • the second side surface V_2 and the first side surface V_2 The inclination direction of V_1 is opposite.
  • the light in the light guide plate 31 enters the light exit structure 32 from the first side surface V_1 and exits the light exit structure 32 from the top surface of the light exit structure 32.
  • both the first side surface V_1 and the second side surface V_2 are planes inclined to the bottom surface S3 of the light guide plate 31, which means that the plane where the first side surface V_1 is located and the bottom surface S3 of the light guide plate 31 are at an acute angle, and the second side surface There is an acute angle between the plane where V_2 is located and the bottom surface S3 of the light guide plate 31.
  • the inclination direction of the second side surface V_2 is opposite to that of the first side surface V_1 means that when the first side surface V_1 is inclined to the left, the second side surface V_2 is inclined to the right.
  • the angle ⁇ 1 between the plane of the first side surface V_1 and the bottom surface S3 of the light guide plate 31 is between 25° and 35° (for example, 25° or 28° or 30° or 32° or 35°) to ensure that the light reflected by the bottom surface S3 of the light guide plate 31 to the first side surface V_1 can enter the light exit structure 32;
  • the angle ⁇ 2 between the second side surface V_2 and the bottom surface S3 of the light guide plate 31 is 25 ° ⁇ 35° (for example, 25° or 28° or 30° or 32° or 35°), so as to ensure that the light entering the light-emitting structure 32 from the first side surface V_1 can directly irradiate to the top surface of the light-emitting structure 32, Furthermore, the light emitting structure 32 is emitted.
  • the angle ⁇ 1 between the plane of the first side surface V_1 and the bottom surface S3 of the light guide plate 31 is equal to the angle ⁇ 2 between the second side surface V_2 and the bottom surface S3 of the light guide plate 31, for example, both ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 are 30. °.
  • the groove V is in the shape of a triangular prism, and the orthographic projection of the groove V on the bottom surface S3 of the light guide plate 31 is a rectangle.
  • the size of the rectangle in the first direction is between 50 ⁇ m and 2mm, and the size of the rectangle in the second direction is between 50 ⁇ m and 2mm, so as to prevent the projection area of the light emitting structure 32 on the bottom surface of the light guide plate 31 from being too large, thereby making it transparent When the display device is in a transparent state, a higher light transmittance can be achieved.
  • the first direction is parallel to the light incident surface
  • the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the shape of the orthographic projection of the groove V on the bottom surface S3 of the light guide plate 31 is consistent with the shape of the top view of the light-emitting structure 32, as shown in FIG. 4, a
  • the orthographic projection of the light-emitting structure 32 on the bottom surface S3 of the light guide plate 31 is a rectangle.
  • the orthographic projection of the groove V on the bottom surface S3 of the light guide plate 31 is also a rectangle, and the length direction of the rectangle is the first direction.
  • the width direction is the second direction.
  • the size of the rectangle in the first direction is 2 mm
  • the size in the second direction is 100 ⁇ m.
  • the size of the rectangle in the first direction is 1 mm, and the size in the second direction is 100 ⁇ m.
  • the size of the rectangle in the first direction is 1 mm, and the size in the second direction is 50 ⁇ m.
  • the size of the rectangle in the first direction is 100 ⁇ m, and the size in the second direction is 50 ⁇ m.
  • the orthographic projection of the groove V on the bottom surface S3 of the light guide plate 31 is a rectangle, the length direction of the rectangle is the second direction, and the width direction is the first direction.
  • the size of the rectangle in the first direction is 100 ⁇ m
  • the size in the second direction is 2 mm.
  • the size of the rectangle in the first direction is 100 ⁇ m, and the size in the second direction is 1 mm.
  • the size of the rectangle in the first direction is 50 ⁇ m, and the size in the second direction is 1 mm.
  • the size of the rectangle in the first direction is 50 ⁇ m, and the size in the second direction is 100 ⁇ m.
  • the orthographic projection of the groove V on the bottom surface S3 of the light guide plate 31 is a square, for example, the size of the square in the first direction and the size in the second direction are both 2 mm.
  • the size of the square in the first direction and the size in the second direction are both 1 mm.
  • the size of the square in the first direction and the size in the second direction are both 500 ⁇ m.
  • the size of the square in the first direction and the size in the second direction are both 100 ⁇ m.
  • the size of the square in the first direction and the size in the second direction are both 50 ⁇ m.
  • the depth h of the groove V can be based on the angle ⁇ 1 between the plane of the first side surface V1 and the bottom surface S3 of the light guide plate 31, and the distance between the second side surface V2 and the bottom surface S3 of the light guide plate 31.
  • the angle ⁇ 2 is determined by the size of the groove V in the second direction.
  • the depth h of the groove V is between 10 ⁇ m and 0.7 mm.
  • the groove V in the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited to the above-mentioned triangular prism shape, but may also have other shapes.
  • the longitudinal section of the groove V perpendicular to the light incident surface S1 of the light guide plate 31 is Inverted trapezoid.
  • the groove V also has a first side surface V_1 and a second side surface V_2, and both the first side surface V_1 and the second side surface V_2 are planes inclined to the bottom surface S3 of the light guide plate 31.
  • the inclination direction of one side surface V_1 is opposite.
  • the light in the light guide plate 31 enters the light exit structure 32 from the first side surface V_1 and exits the light exit structure 32 from the top surface of the light exit structure 32.
  • the groove V also has a groove bottom surface V_3 connected between the first side surface V_1 and the second side surface V_2.
  • the angle ⁇ 1 between the plane where the first side surface V_1 is located and the bottom surface S3 of the light guide plate 31 is between 25° and 35° (for example, 25° or 28° or 30° ° or 32° or 35°); the angle ⁇ 2 between the second side surface V_2 and the bottom surface S3 of the light guide plate 31 is between 25° and 35° (for example, 25° or 28° or 30° or 32° or 35° ).
  • the longitudinal section of the groove V perpendicular to the light incident surface S1 of the light guide plate 31 may be an isosceles inverted trapezoid, that is, the angle ⁇ 1 between the plane of the first side surface V_1 and the bottom surface S3 of the light guide plate 31 is equal to the second side surface V_2 The angle ⁇ 2 with the bottom surface S3 of the light guide plate 31.
  • the shape and size of the orthographic projection of the groove V on the light guide plate 31 may be the same as the orthographic projection of the groove V on the light guide plate 31 shown in FIG. 7.
  • the orthographic projection of the groove V on the light guide plate 31 is a rectangle (for example, a rectangle or a square).
  • the size of the rectangle in the first direction is between 50 ⁇ m and 2 mm, and the size of the rectangle in the second direction is between 50 ⁇ m and 2 mm.
  • the size of the opening of the groove V in the second direction ie, the width of the top side of the inverted trapezoid
  • the size of the groove bottom surface V_3 in the second direction ie, The width of the bottom side of the inverted trapezoid
  • the angle ⁇ 2 between the second side surface V_2 and the bottom surface S3 of the light guide plate 31 to determine the depth of the groove V h.
  • the depth h of the groove V is between 9 ⁇ m and 0.7 mm.
  • the size of the opening of the groove V in the second direction is 50 ⁇ m
  • the size of the groove bottom surface V_3 in the second direction is 10 ⁇ m
  • the angle ⁇ 2 between the second side surface V_2 and the bottom surface S3 of the light guide plate 31 is both 30°
  • the depth h of the groove V is 10.5 ⁇ m
  • the size of the opening of the groove V in the second direction is 200 ⁇ m
  • the dimension of the groove bottom surface V_3 in the second direction is 20 ⁇ m
  • the angle ⁇ 2 between the second side surface V_2 and the bottom surface S3 of the light guide plate 31 are both At 30°
  • the depth h of the groove V is 51 ⁇ m.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the light distribution emitted by the light source in the embodiment of the disclosure.
  • the light emitting half angle ⁇ of the light source 10 is between 20° and 30°.
  • the emission half-angle ⁇ of the light source 10 is 20° or 25° or 30°.
  • the light beam emitted by the light source 10 is a divergent light beam, and the emission half-angle ⁇ refers to half of the divergence angle of the light beam.
  • the refractive index of the light emitting structure 32 is 1.48, and the refractive index of the light guide plate 31 Is 1.585, the plane where the first side surface V_1 and the second side surface V_2 of the groove V are located and the bottom surface S3 of the light guide plate 31 both form an included angle of 30°, and the longitudinal section of the groove V perpendicular to the light incident surface S1 is a triangle.
  • the size of the opening of the groove V in the second direction is 1 mm, and the light-emitting half-angle ⁇ of the light source 10 is 30°.
  • the light emitting structure 32 is distributed on the light guide plate 31 according to the distribution mode shown in FIG. 4. According to simulation calculations, the display uniformity of the transparent display device in the embodiment of the present disclosure reaches more than 50%, and the light utilization rate reaches 25.6%.
  • the transparent display device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. It can be seen that, in the transparent display device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the light from the light source 10 can pass through the light guide plate 31 and then exit the light emitting structure 32 on the light guide plate 31. It is emitted and uniformly injected into the transparent display panel, thereby improving the display uniformity of the transparent display device. Moreover, the volume and thickness of the light guide plate in the embodiment of the present disclosure are small, and only the light guide plate 31 and the transparent display panel 20 need to be used between the light guide plate 31 and the transparent display panel 20. The adhesive layer only needs to be bonded and fixed, which is beneficial to reduce the thickness and volume of the transparent display device, and is beneficial to integrated design.

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Abstract

本公开实施例提供一种透明显示装置，包括：光源、导光板和透明显示面板，所述导光板具有出光面、与所述出光面相对的底面以及连接在所述出光面与所述底面之间的入光面；所述光源设置在所述导光板的入光面侧，用于朝向所述导光板的入光面发射光线；所述导光板的出光面上设置有多个出光结构，所述出光结构用于控制所述导光板内的光线从所述出光结构出射并射入所述透明显示面板，且射入所述透明显示面板的光线的方向与所述透明显示面板厚度方向之间的夹角大于光线从所述透明显示面板射入外界空气时的全反射临界角，所述多个出光结构的出射光线均匀分布。

Description

透明显示装置 技术领域
本公开涉及显示技术领域，具体涉及一种透明显示装置。
背景技术
在透明显示技术中，基于聚合物稳定液晶(Polymer Stabilized Liquid Crytal，PSLC)和聚合物分散液晶(Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal，PDLC)的散射型透明显示装置的透过率较高，显示清晰度较高。
发明内容
本公开旨在提供一种透明显示装置，以提高透明显示装置的显示均一性，并减小透明显示装置的整体体积。
本公开实施例提供一种透明显示装置，包括：光源、导光板和透明显示面板，所述导光板具有出光面、与所述出光面相对的底面以及连接在所述出光面与所述底面之间的入光面；所述光源设置在所述导光板的入光面侧，用于朝向所述导光板的入光面发射光线；所述导光板的出光面上设置有多个出光结构，所述出光结构用于控制所述导光板内的光线从所述出光结构出射并射入所述透明显示面板，且射入所述透明显示面板的光线的方向与所述透明显示面板厚度方向之间的夹角大于光线从所述透明显示面板射入外界空气时的全反射临界角，所述多个出光结构的出射光线均匀分布。
在一些实施例中，所述导光板的出光面上设置有多个凹槽，所述出光结构一一对应地填充在所述凹槽内，且所述出光结构充满所述凹槽。
在一些实施例中，所述凹槽的垂直于所述入光面的纵截面呈三角形或梯形。
在一些实施例中，所述凹槽具有第一侧面和第二侧面，所述第一侧面和所述第二侧面均为倾斜于所述导光板底面的平面，所述导光板内的光线从所述第一侧面射入所述出光结构，所述第一侧面和所述第二侧面的倾斜方向相反，所述第一侧面所在平面与所述导光板的底面之间的角度在25°～35°之间，所述第二侧面所在平面与所述导光板的底面之间的角度在25°～35°之间。
在一些实施例中，所述凹槽在所述导光板底面上的正投影为矩形，所述矩形在第一方向上的尺寸在50μm～2mm之间，所述矩形在第二方向上的尺寸在50μm～2mm之间，所述第一方向平行于所述入光面，所述第二方向与所述第一方向垂直。
在一些实施例中，所述导光板的折射率在1.45～1.60之间，所述出光结构的折射率在1.40～1.50之间。
在一些实施例中，沿远离所述导光板的入光面的方向，所述出光结构的分布密度逐渐增大。
在一些实施例中，所述导光板上的多个所述出光结构排成多列，每列包括沿平行于所述入光面的方向排列的多个所述出光结构，其中，
沿远离所述入光面的方向，相邻两列所述出光结构之间的距离逐渐减小；和/或，沿远离所述入光面的方向，每列所述出光结构的数量逐渐增多。
在一些实施例中，所述导光板与所述透明显示面板通过透明粘结层相粘结，所述出光结构与所述透明粘结层为一体结构。
在一些实施例中，所述光源的发光半角在20°～30°之间。
附图说明
附图是用来提供对本公开的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本公开，但并不构成对本公开的限制。在附图中：
图1为相关技术中散射型透明显示装置侧入光方式的原理图。
图2为相关技术中散射型透明显示装置投影式入光方式的原理图。
图3为本公开实施例提供的透明显示装置的示意图。
图4为本公开实施例中导光板及其出光面上设置的出光结构的第一种俯视图。
图5为本公开实施例中导光板及其出光面上设置的出光结构的第二种俯视图。
图6为本公开实施例中沿图4中AA’线的一种剖视图。
图7为图6中的导光板的结构示意图。
图8为图7中I区的局部放大图。
图9为图7中导光板上的凹槽的立体图。
图10为本公开实施例中沿图4中AA’线的另一种剖视图。
图11为图10中的导光板的结构示意图。
图12为图11中J区的局部放大图。
图13为图11中导光板上的凹槽的立体图。
图14为本公开实施例中光源所发射的光线分布示意图。
图15为本公开实施例中显示装置显示效果的仿真图。
具体实施方式
为使本公开实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开实施例的附图，对本公开实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本公开的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
这里用于描述本公开的实施例的术语并非旨在限制和/或限定本公开的范围。例如，除非另外定义，本公开使用的技术术语或者科学 术语应当为本发明所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。应该理解的是，本公开中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。除非上下文另外清楚地指出，否则单数形式“一个”、“一”或者“该”等类似词语也不表示数量限制，而是表示存在至少一个。
在基于聚合物稳定液晶和聚合物分散液晶的散射型透明显示装置中，入光方式可以采用侧面入光和投影式入光两种方式。图1为相关技术中散射型透明显示装置侧入光方式的原理图，如图1所示，侧面入光的方式具体为：光源10从透明显示面板20的侧面向液晶层21发射光线，在未进行显示的像素位置，光线在液晶层21中发生全反射，从而沿水平方向传导。在进行图像显示的像素位置(如图1中的位置A)，光线发生散射而射出透明显示面板20。图2为相关技术中散射型透明显示装置投影式入光方式的原理图，如图2所示，投影式入光的方式具体为：光源10在透明显示面板20的后侧朝向透明显示面板20发光，透明显示面板20位于光源的光照区域内，当光线照射至进行显示的像素位置(如图2中的位置B)时，光线发生散射而射出透明显示面板20。
对于侧面入光的方式，当透明显示面板20显示图像时，随着光线路径的增加，当光线在液晶层21中传播时，其散射出来的总能量逐渐衰退，从而导致靠近光源10和远离光源10的显示均一性较差；且透明显示面板20的尺寸越大，显示的均一性也越差。对于投影式入光的方式，为了使光源10的光照区域覆盖整个透明显示面板20，需要使光源10的体积较大，且与透明显示面板20之间留有一定的间距，这样将导致整个显示装置的体积较大。
本公开实施例提供一种透明显示装置，图3为本公开实施例提供的透明显示装置的示意图，如图3所示，透明显示装置包括：光源10、导光板31和透明显示面板20。
如图3所示，导光板31具有出光面S2、与出光面S2相对的底面S3以及连接在出光面S2与底面S3之间的入光面S1。光源10设置在 导光板31的入光面S1侧，用于朝向导光板31的入光面S1发射光线。
导光板31的出光面S2上设置有多个出光结构32，出光结构32用于控制导光板31内的光线从出光结构32出射并射入透明显示面板20，且射入透明显示面板20的光线的方向与透明显示面板20厚度方向之间的夹角大于光线从透明显示面板20射入外界空气时的全反射临界角，多个出光结构32的出射光线均匀分布。具体地，导光板31用于对其入光面S1入射的光线进行全反射传播。其中，导光板31的折射率大于外界空气的折射率，导光板31的出光面包括非出光区和多个出光区，出光结构32位于出光区。光线从入光面S1射入导光板31后，在底面S3与出光面S2的非出光区之间发生全反射。在出光面S2的出光区，出光结构32的设置破坏了全反射的条件，从而使得光线经过出光结构32射出导光板31。
导光板31为板状结构，其出光面的形状、底面的形状均与透明显示面板20的显示面的形状相同。例如，透明显示面板20的显示面为矩形，则导光板31的出光面S2和底面S3均为矩形。
如图3所示，透明显示面板20包括阵列基板22、对盒基板23以及位于阵列基板22与对盒基板23之间的液晶层21，其中，液晶层21为聚合物分散液晶层或聚合物稳定液晶层。具体地，液晶层21包括液晶分子和聚合物网络，液晶分子可以为向列相液晶分子。
当透明显示面板20内未施加电场时，液晶层21中同一层的液晶分子取向一致，对于同一束光线而言，其在液晶层21中传导时的折射率不发生变化，从而不会发生散射，此时透明显示面板20呈透明态(即，不显示图像)；当透明显示面板20内施加有电场时，液晶分子受到聚合物网络的影响，会出现取向杂乱的情况，从而导致光线发生散射，即，光线在液晶层21中水平传导的过程中，部分光线会从射出透明显示面板20，从而在透明显示面板20的出光侧看到显示图像。并且，在聚合物网络含量一定的情况下，电场越强，光线的散射程度越大，出光量越大，因此，可以通过控制透明显示面板20中各像素的电场强度来控制各像素的出光量，从而实现图像显示。
在本公开实施例中，导光板31内传播的光线射到出光结构32时，从出光结构32出射并射入透明显示面板20，射入透明显示面板20的光线方向与透明显示面板20厚度方向之间的夹角大于任意光线从透明显示面板20射入外界空气时的全反射临界角，因此，在透明显示面板20未施加驱动电压的情况下，光线在透明显示面板20中发生全反射，从而沿水平方向(即，平行于透明显示面板20显示面的方向)传导；当透明显示面板20的部分像素或全部像素施加电压时，光线在相应位置发生散射，从而使得相应位置显示图像。由于导光板31上的多个出光结构32的出射光线分布均匀，因此，和图1中所示的侧入光方式相比，本公开实施例中照射至透明显示面板20各位置的光线分布更加均匀，从而可以提高显示的均一性。另外，和图2所示的投影式入光方式相比，本公开实施例中的导光板31的体积较小，且无需与透明显示面板20之间留有较大间隔，从而有利于减小透明显示装置的厚度和体积，有利于集成化设计。
可以理解的是，从入光面S1入射的光线在导光板31内传播的过程中，距离入光面S1越远，光线密度较小，为了使得出光结构32射出的光线整体上分布更均匀，在本公开的一些实施例中，如图3所示，沿远离导光板31的入光面S1的方向，出光结构32的分布密度逐渐增大。
图4为本公开实施例中导光板及其出光面上设置的出光结构的第一种俯视图，结合图3和图4所示，导光板31上的多个出光结构32排成多列，每列包括沿平行于入光面S1的方向排列的多个出光结构32，其中，沿远离入光面S1的方向(即图4中从左向右的方向)，相邻两列出光结构32之间的距离逐渐减小。需要说明的是，位于同一列的多个出光结构32中，每相邻两个出光结构32之间的距离相同或基本相同。示例性地，每列的出光结构32的数量相同或基本相同。
图5为本公开实施例中导光板及其出光面上设置的出光结构的第二种俯视图，结合图3和图5所示，导光板31上的多个出光结构32排成多列，每列包括沿平行于入光面S1的方向排列的多个出光结构 32，其中，沿远离入光面S1的方向(即图5中从左向右的方向)，每列出光结构32的数量逐渐增多。需要说明的是，在图5所示的设置方式中，位于同一列的多个出光结构32中，每相邻两个出光结构32之间的间距相同或基本相同。示例性地，每相邻两列出光结构32之间的距离相同或基本相同。
通过图4和图5所示的两种设置方式，均可以使出光结构32的分布密度在远离导光板31的入光面S1的方向上逐渐增大。需要说明的是，出光结构32的具体分布方式并不限于图4和图5所示的方式，只要能够使得出光结构32的分布密度在远离导光板31的入光面S1的方向上逐渐增大即可。例如，导光板31上的多个出光结构32排成多列，每列包括沿平行于入光面S1的方向排列的多个出光结构32，沿远离入光面S1的方向，每列出光结构32的数量逐渐增多；同时，沿远离入光面S1的方向，相邻两列出光结构32之间的距离逐渐减小。
图6为本公开实施例中沿图4中AA’线的一种剖视图，图7为图6中的导光板的结构示意图，图8为图7中I区的局部放大图，图9为图7中的凹槽的立体示意图，图10为本公开实施例中沿图4中AA’线的另一种剖视图，图11为图10中的导光板的结构示意图，图12为图11中J区的局部放大图，图13为图11中的凹槽的立体示意图。结合图3、图6至图13所示，导光板31的出光面S2上设置有多个凹槽V，凹槽V可以采用钻石打点、激光刻蚀等方式来制作。出光结构32一一对应地填充在凹槽V内，且出光结构32充满凹槽V。
在一些实施例中，出光结构32采用粘结性材料制成，例如，光学胶(optical adhesive，OCA)。在制作时，将流动的胶体填充在凹槽V中，并对胶体进行固化，从而形成充满凹槽V的出光结构32。
在一些实施例中，如图3所示，导光板31与透明显示面板20通过透明粘结层40相粘结。出光结构32与透明粘结层40为一体结构，即，二者材料相同。在透明显示装置的制作过程中，可以同时形成出光结构32和透明粘结层40，从而简化制作工艺。具体地，可以在导光板31上直接形成整层的光学胶，以使得光学胶对凹槽V进行填充， 之后对光学胶进行固化，填充在凹槽V内的固化后的光学胶即为出光结构32，出光面S2上方的固化后的光学胶即为透明粘结层40。
在一些实施例中，导光板31的折射率在1.45～1.60之间，出光结构32的折射率在1.40～1.50之间。例如，导光板31的折射率在1.57～1.60之间，出光结构32的折射率在1.47～1.49之间。又例如，导光板31的折射率在1.55～1.57之间，出光结构32的折射率在1.47～1.48之间。
在一些实施例中，导光板31的材料包括聚碳酸酯或聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯，出光结构32的材料包括有机硅橡胶、丙烯酸型树脂、不饱和聚酯、聚氨酯、环氧树脂中的任意一种。
在一些实施例中，如图7所示，凹槽V的垂直于入光面S1的纵截面呈三角形，应当理解的是，凹槽V的纵截面为垂直于导光板31的底面S3的截面。
如图7所示，凹槽V具有第一侧面V_1和第二侧面V_2，第一侧面V_1和第二侧面V_2均为倾斜于导光板31的底面S3的平面，第二侧面V_2与第一侧面V_1的倾斜方向相反，导光板31内的光线从第一侧面V_1射入出光结构32，并从出光结构32的顶面射出出光结构32。
需要说明的是，第一侧面V_1和第二侧面V_2均为倾斜于导光板31的底面S3的平面是指，第一侧面V_1所在平面与导光板31的底面S3之间呈锐角，第二侧面V_2所在平面与导光板31的底面S3之间呈锐角。第二侧面V_2与第一侧面V_1的倾斜方向相反是指，第一侧面V_1呈左斜的状态时，第二侧面V_2呈右斜的状态。
如图8所示，在一具体示例中，第一侧面V_1所在平面与导光板31的底面S3之间的角度β1在25°～35°之间(例如，25°或28°或30°或32°或35°)，以保证导光板31的底面S3所反射至第一侧面V_1的光线能够射入出光结构32内；第二侧面V_2与导光板31的底面S3之间的角度β2在25°～35°之间(例如，25°或28°或30°或32°或35°)，从而保证从第一侧面V_1射入出光结构32的光线能够直接照射至出光结构32的顶面，进而射出出光结构32。
在一具体示例中，第一侧面V_1所在平面与导光板31的底面S3之间的角度β1等于第二侧面V_2与导光板31的底面S3之间的角度β2，例如，β1和β2均为30°。
结合图4、图7至图9所示，凹槽V呈三棱柱形，凹槽V在导光板31底面S3上的正投影为矩形。矩形在第一方向上的尺寸在50μm～2mm之间，矩形在第二方向上的尺寸在50μm～2mm之间，以防止出光结构32在导光板31底面上的投影面积过大，从而使透明显示装置处于透明状态时可以达到较高的透光率。其中，第一方向平行于入光面，第二方向与第一方向垂直。
应当理解的是，由于出光结构32充满凹槽V，因此，凹槽V在导光板31的底面S3上的正投影的形状与出光结构32的俯视图的形状一致，参见图4所示，在一具体示例中，出光结构32在导光板31的底面S3上的正投影为长方形，相应地，凹槽V在导光板31的底面S3上的正投影也为长方形，长方形的长度方向为第一方向，宽度方向为第二方向。例如，该长方形在第一方向上的尺寸为2mm，在第二方向上的尺寸为100μm。又例如，该长方形在第一方向上的尺寸为1mm，在第二方向上的尺寸为100μm。又例如，该长方形在第一方向上的尺寸为1mm，在第二方向上的尺寸为50μm。又例如，该长方形在第一方向上的尺寸为100μm，在第二方向上的尺寸为50μm。或者，凹槽V在导光板31的底面S3上的正投影为长方形，长方形的长度方向为第二方向，宽度方向为第一方向。例如，该长方形在第一方向上的尺寸为100μm，在第二方向上的尺寸为2mm。又例如，该长方形在第一方向上的尺寸为100μm，在第二方向上的尺寸为1mm。又例如，该长方形在第一方向上的尺寸为50μm，在第二方向上的尺寸为1mm。又例如，该长方形在第一方向上的尺寸为50μm，在第二方向上的尺寸为100μm。
在另一具体示例中，凹槽V在导光板31的底面S3上的正投影为正方形，例如，该正方形在第一方向上的尺寸和在第二方向上的尺寸均为2mm。又例如，该正方形在第一方向上的尺寸和在第二方向上的 尺寸均为1mm。又例如，该正方形在第一方向上的尺寸和在第二方向上的尺寸均为500μm。又例如，该正方形在第一方向上的尺寸和在第二方向上的尺寸均为100μm。又例如，该正方形在第一方向上的尺寸和在第二方向上的尺寸均为50μm。
在图8所示的结构中，凹槽V的深度h可以根据第一侧面V1所在平面与导光板31的底面S3之间的角度β1、第二侧面V2与导光板31的底面S3之间的角度β2、凹槽V在第二方向上的尺寸而确定。在一具体示例中，凹槽V的深度h在10μm～0.7mm之间。
本公开实施例中的凹槽V并不限于上述三棱柱形，还可以为其他形状，例如，结合图10至图13所示，凹槽V垂直于导光板31入光面S1的纵截面为倒梯形。这种情况下，凹槽V同样具有第一侧面V_1和第二侧面V_2，并且，第一侧面V_1和第二侧面V_2均为倾斜于导光板31的底面S3的平面，第二侧面V_2与第一侧面V_1的倾斜方向相反，导光板31内的光线从第一侧面V_1射入出光结构32，并从出光结构32的顶面射出出光结构32。另外，凹槽V还具有连接在第一侧面V_1和第二侧面V_2之间的凹槽底面V_3。
在图11中所示的凹槽V中，例如，第一侧面V_1所在平面与导光板31的底面S3之间的角度β1在25°～35°之间(例如，25°或28°或30°或32°或35°)；第二侧面V_2与导光板31的底面S3之间的角度β2在25°～35°之间(例如，25°或28°或30°或32°或35°)。其中，凹槽V垂直于导光板31入光面S1的纵截面可以为等腰的倒梯形，即，第一侧面V_1所在平面与导光板31的底面S3之间的角度β1等于第二侧面V_2与导光板31的底面S3之间的角度β2。
在图10至图13所示的实施例中，凹槽V在导光板31上的正投影的形状、尺寸可以与图7所示的凹槽V在导光板31上的正投影相同。具体地，在图10至图13所示的实施例中，凹槽V在导光板31上的正投影为矩形(例如，长方形或正方形)。矩形在第一方向上的尺寸在50μm～2mm之间，矩形在第二方向上的尺寸在50μm～2mm之间。
对于图12中所示的凹槽V，可以根据凹槽V的开口在第二方向上 的尺寸(即，倒梯形顶边的宽度)、凹槽底面V_3在第二方向上的尺寸(即，倒梯形底边的宽度)、第一侧面V_1所在平面与导光板31的底面S3之间的角度β1、第二侧面V_2与导光板31的底面S3之间的角度β2来确定凹槽V的深度h。在一具体示例中，凹槽V的深度h在9μm～0.7mm之间。例如，凹槽V的开口在第二方向上的尺寸为50μm，凹槽底面V_3在第二方向上的尺寸为10μm，第一侧面V_1所在平面与导光板31的底面S3之间的角度β1、第二侧面V_2与导光板31的底面S3之间的角度β2均为30°，凹槽V的深度h为10.5μm；又例如，凹槽V的开口在第二方向上的尺寸为200μm，凹槽底面V_3在第二方向上的尺寸为20μm，第一侧面V_1所在平面与导光板31的底面S3之间的角度β1、第二侧面V_2与导光板31的底面S3之间的角度β2均为30°，凹槽V的深度h为51μm。
图14为本公开实施例中光源所发射的光线分布示意图，如图14所示，光源10的发光半角α在20°～30°之间。例如，光源10的发光半角α为20°或25°或30°。需要说明的是，光源10所发射的光束为发散的光束，发光半角α是指光束的发散角的一半。
图15为本公开实施例中透明显示装置显示效果的仿真图，图13中虚线框内透明显示装置的显示区，在仿真过程中，出光结构32的折射率为1.48，导光板31的折射率为1.585，凹槽V的第一侧面V_1所在平面和第二侧面V_2所在平面与导光板31的底面S3均形成30°的夹角，凹槽V垂直于入光面S1的纵截面为三角形，凹槽V的开口在第二方向上的尺寸为1mm，光源10的发光半角α为30°。出光结构32在导光板31上按照图4所示的分布方式进行分布。经仿真计算，本公开实施例中透明显示装置的显示均一性达到50％以上，光线利用率达到25.6％。
以上为对本公开实施例提供的透明显示装置的描述，可以看出，在本公开实施例提供的透明显示装置中，光源10的光线经过导光板31后，能够从导光板31上的出光结构32射出，并均匀射入透明显示面板，从而提高透明显示装置的显示均一性，并且，本公开实施例中 导光板的体积和厚度较小，且导光板31与透明显示面板20之间只需采用粘结层粘结固定即可，从而有利于减小透明显示装置的厚度和体积，有利于集成化设计。
可以理解的是，以上实施方式仅仅是为了说明本公开的原理而采用的示例性实施方式，然而本公开并不局限于此。对于本领域内的普通技术人员而言，在不脱离本公开的精神和实质的情况下，可以做出各种变型和改进，这些变型和改进也视为本公开的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种透明显示装置，包括：光源、导光板和透明显示面板，
    所述导光板具有出光面、与所述出光面相对的底面以及连接在所述出光面与所述底面之间的入光面；
    所述光源设置在所述导光板的入光面侧，用于朝向所述导光板的入光面发射光线；
    所述导光板的出光面上设置有多个出光结构，所述出光结构用于控制所述导光板内的光线从所述出光结构出射并射入所述透明显示面板，且射入所述透明显示面板的光线的方向与所述透明显示面板厚度方向之间的夹角大于光线从所述透明显示面板射入外界空气时的全反射临界角，所述多个出光结构的出射光线均匀分布。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的透明显示装置，其中，所述导光板的出光面上设置有多个凹槽，所述出光结构一一对应地填充在所述凹槽内，且所述出光结构充满所述凹槽。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的透明显示装置，其中，所述凹槽的垂直于所述入光面的纵截面呈三角形或梯形。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的透明显示装置，其中，所述凹槽具有第一侧面和第二侧面，所述第一侧面和所述第二侧面均为倾斜于所述导光板底面的平面，所述导光板内的光线从所述第一侧面射入所述出光结构，所述第一侧面和所述第二侧面的倾斜方向相反，所述第一侧面所在平面与所述导光板的底面之间的角度在25°～35°之间，所述第二侧面所在平面与所述导光板的底面之间的角度在25°～35°之间。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的透明显示装置，其中，所述凹槽在所述导光板底面上的正投影为矩形，所述矩形在第一方向上的尺寸在50μm～2mm之间，所述矩形在第二方向上的尺寸在50μm～2mm之间，所述第一方向平行于所述入光面，所述第二方向与所述第一方向垂直。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的透明显示装置，其中，所述导光板的折射率在1.45～1.60之间，所述出光结构的折射率在1.40～1.50之间。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任意一项所述的透明显示装置，其中，沿远离所述导光板的入光面的方向，所述出光结构的分布密度逐渐增大。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的透明显示装置，其中，所述导光板上的多个所述出光结构排成多列，每列包括沿平行于所述入光面的方向排列的多个所述出光结构，其中，
    沿远离所述入光面的方向，相邻两列所述出光结构之间的距离逐渐减小；和/或，沿远离所述入光面的方向，每列所述出光结构的数量逐渐增多。
  9. 根据权利要求1至6中任意一项所述的透明显示装置，其中，所述导光板与所述透明显示面板通过透明粘结层相粘结，所述出光结构与所述透明粘结层为一体结构。
  10. 根据权利要求1至6中任意一项所述的透明显示装置，其中，所述光源的发光半角在20°～30°之间。
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CN102455458A (zh) * 2010-10-19 2012-05-16 颖台科技股份有限公司 导光装置与背光模块
CN103883930A (zh) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-25 群康科技(深圳)有限公司 背光模块及显示装置
CN105974672A (zh) * 2016-07-27 2016-09-28 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 一种显示装置
CN108646465A (zh) * 2018-03-06 2018-10-12 友达光电股份有限公司 显示装置

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CN102455458A (zh) * 2010-10-19 2012-05-16 颖台科技股份有限公司 导光装置与背光模块
CN103883930A (zh) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-25 群康科技(深圳)有限公司 背光模块及显示装置
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