WO2021139967A1 - Bildelement für eine anzeigevorrichtung und anzeigevorrichtung - Google Patents
Bildelement für eine anzeigevorrichtung und anzeigevorrichtung Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021139967A1 WO2021139967A1 PCT/EP2020/086001 EP2020086001W WO2021139967A1 WO 2021139967 A1 WO2021139967 A1 WO 2021139967A1 EP 2020086001 W EP2020086001 W EP 2020086001W WO 2021139967 A1 WO2021139967 A1 WO 2021139967A1
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- signal
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
- G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
- G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
- G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
- G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
- G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
- G09G3/3225—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix
- G09G3/3258—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix with pixel circuitry controlling the voltage across the light-emitting element
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
- G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
- G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
- G09G2300/0828—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a digital to analog [D/A] conversion circuit
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
- G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
- G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
- G09G2300/0842—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor
- G09G2300/0852—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor being a dynamic memory with more than one capacitor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
- G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
- G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
- G09G2300/0842—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor
- G09G2300/0861—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor with additional control of the display period without amending the charge stored in a pixel memory, e.g. by means of additional select electrodes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
- G09G2310/02—Addressing, scanning or driving the display screen or processing steps related thereto
- G09G2310/0243—Details of the generation of driving signals
- G09G2310/0259—Details of the generation of driving signals with use of an analog or digital ramp generator in the column driver or in the pixel circuit
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
- G09G2310/06—Details of flat display driving waveforms
- G09G2310/066—Waveforms comprising a gently increasing or decreasing portion, e.g. ramp
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
- G09G2320/06—Adjustment of display parameters
- G09G2320/0626—Adjustment of display parameters for control of overall brightness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
- G09G2320/06—Adjustment of display parameters
- G09G2320/0693—Calibration of display systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2360/00—Aspects of the architecture of display systems
- G09G2360/10—Display system comprising arrangements, such as a coprocessor, specific for motion video images
Definitions
- the invention relates to a picture element and a display device having a plurality of picture elements.
- Display devices work in a cross-matrix arrangement and use the reduction of the current (so-called current dimming) to influence the brightness by changing the intensity of the light emitted by the pixels. This is also known as analog dimming. It is used, for example, for OLEDs and LCDs. Such a control is disadvantageous for LED displays because of the unfavorable influence on the color location.
- the object is to provide a picture element for a display device and a display device with an alternative control.
- the invention relates to a picture element for a display device.
- An electronic sub-unit of the display device which is set up to display a pixel or a sub-pixel of the display device is referred to as a picture element.
- individual pixels can be formed by a plurality of differently colored sub-pixels, for example by a red sub-pixel green sub-pixel and one blue sub-pixel.
- Such a composite is also referred to below as an RGB triplet.
- the picture element has a first supply connection.
- This can be, for example, an electrical connection via which a predetermined operating voltage or a predetermined operating current is supplied to the picture element.
- the picture element has a second supply connection.
- the second supply connection is, for example, a ground connection.
- the second supply connection can, however, also denote an electrical connection for supplying a predetermined operating voltage or a predetermined operating current.
- the picture element has a light-emitting semiconductor component which is arranged between the first and second supply connection.
- the semiconductor component is in particular a light-emitting diode, LED.
- the semiconductor component is, in particular, indirectly coupled to the first and second supply connection.
- a driver unit is connected upstream of the semiconductor component for each picture element for controlling the current flow.
- the picture element has a comparison unit with a first input and a second input as well as an output.
- the comparison unit is set up to generate a voltage at the output of the comparison unit as a function of a comparison of a voltage applied to the first input of the comparison unit with a voltage applied to the second input of the comparison unit to adjust.
- the comparison unit can comprise a comparator or 1-bit analog-digital converter or be designed as such.
- the comparison unit can in particular have further inputs for supply, which are connected to the first and second supply connection, for example.
- the first input is, for example, a non-inverting input.
- the second input is, for example, an inverting input.
- the comparison unit can be set up to output the voltage applied to the first supply connection at the output, if the voltage applied to the first input is greater than the voltage applied to the second input, and otherwise to output the voltage applied to the second supply voltage.
- the picture element has a supply switch which is set up to control a current flow between the first and second supply connection via the light-emitting semiconductor component as a function of the voltage present at the output of the comparison unit.
- the supply switch is, for example, a transistor.
- the supply switch is set up to allow a current flow through the semiconductor element when a predetermined threshold value is exceeded for the voltage present at the output of the comparison unit and otherwise to block it.
- the picture element has a selection input and a data input.
- Signals made available via the selection input can also be referred to as selection signal, “select” or “scan”; the In this context, the selection input can be provided for connection to a column line of the display device.
- Signals provided via the data input can also be referred to as data signals or "data”; in this context, the data input can be provided for connection to a row line of the display device.
- the picture element has a memory element and a control switch.
- the control switch is set up to feed a data signal provided via the data input to the first input of the comparison unit as a function of a selection signal present at the selection input and to hold it in the memory element.
- the selection signal is in particular a predetermined voltage pulse for switching the control switch.
- the data signal is, in particular, a predetermined voltage which corresponds to a brightness of the semiconductor component in the intended light-emitting operation.
- the storage element is, for example, a capacitor that is set up to hold an applied voltage for a predetermined period of time, for example for a period until a next image is to be displayed on the display device (e.g. reciprocal value of the refresh rate of the display device).
- the control switch is, for example, a transistor.
- the control switch is set up to allow the voltage representing the data signal to be supplied to the first input of the comparison unit and the memory element, and otherwise to block it, when the voltage present at the selection input and representing the selection signal is exceeded.
- the storage element and the control switch in other words, form a so-called “sample-and-hold" unit.
- the second input of the comparison unit is provided for receiving a ramp signal.
- the ramp signal can be generated externally with respect to the picture element and provided to the picture element, or else it can be generated by an internal circuit in the picture element.
- the ramp signal is, in particular, a predetermined, periodic voltage curve.
- the ramp signal is a sawtooth signal, in particular with a linearly increasing sawtooth.
- a periodic increase can also take place non-linearly, for example logarithmically or exponentially.
- periodic means that a sawtooth or ramp-like signal component, each with an increase and a decrease, repeats itself identically or essentially identically within a predetermined time (period duration).
- the ramp signal is selected in particular such that a comparison with the voltage representing the data signal by the comparison unit results in a pulse-width-modulated (PWM) voltage curve at the output of the comparison unit, the pulse width of which depends on the data signal, for example an amplitude of an analog data signal.
- PWM pulse-width-modulated
- a current flow through the light-emitting semiconductor component can thus be set as a function of the data signal, specifically by means of the PWM voltage profile.
- the period duration of the ramp signal is selected to be many times less than one time interval between two successive "scan" voltage pulses, for example by a factor of 2-100, preferably by a factor of 50.
- the period duration is accordingly also selected by a factor of at least 1 to a multiple less than the refresh rate of the display device.
- the proposed picture element can advantageously generate an analog PWM signal at the pixel or sub-pixel level. All that is required for this is a small depth of integration within a picture element, while a complex and precise circuit can be arranged, for example, outside the picture element.
- the data signal comprises a predetermined number of digital data bits.
- the memory element has a plurality of data capacitors corresponding to the predetermined number of digital data bits.
- the control switch has several control units corresponding to the predetermined number of digital data bits, each of which is set up to feed one of the digital data bits to an adder connected upstream of the first input of the comparison unit and to hold it in one of the data capacitors.
- the digital data bits represent a specified range of values, for example [0; 7] with 3 data bits, each of which represents a gradation of the brightness of the semiconductor component.
- the individual data bits are supplied to the picture element sequentially, for example, the selection signal comprising a number N of pulses corresponding to the predetermined number of digital data bits N.
- the control units are each one Upstream delay element which delays a single pulse of the selection signal between successive control units in accordance with the time sequence of the data bits.
- the data capacitors can have different capacities in order to be able to map a multiplier of the data bit value.
- the first data capacitor could have 4 times the capacitance of the third data capacitor and the second data capacitor could have 2 times the capacitance of the third data capacitor.
- the control of the semiconductor component can in particular be designed in such a way that the charge of the individual data capacitors remains constant.
- digital data signals can advantageously be used to generate the analog PWM signal at the pixel or sub-pixel level.
- the ramp signal is in particular in analog form.
- the semiconductor component is designed as an LED and has a first electrode and a second electrode. This can in particular be a so-called pLED.
- the comparison unit is designed as a comparator.
- the supply switch is designed as a supply transistor. By way of example, this is a thin-film transistor.
- the control switch comprises a control transistor. This is also an example
- both the supply transistor and the control transistor each have a control electrode, a drain electrode and a source electrode.
- a drain electrode is understood here and below to mean the drain connection of a transistor.
- the source electrode denotes a source connection and the control electrode denotes a gate connection of the transistor.
- the memory element comprises a data capacitor with a first electrode and a second electrode.
- the supply transistor is coupled to the first supply connection via its source electrode.
- the supply transistor is coupled to the output of the comparator via its control electrode.
- the supply transistor is coupled to the first electrode of the LED via its drain electrode.
- the LED is coupled to the second supply connection via the second electrode.
- the control transistor is coupled to the data input via its source electrode.
- the control transistor is coupled to the selection input via its control electrode.
- the control transistor is coupled via its drain electrode to the first input of the comparator and to the first electrode of the data capacitor.
- the second electrode of the data capacitor is coupled to the second supply connection.
- the structural units of the picture element connected upstream of the LED of the picture element according to this embodiment are also referred to here and in the following as a driver unit.
- the aforementioned driver unit advantageously enables a (sub) pixel-internal generation of a PWM signal for operating the LED.
- An expensive, complex or Space-consuming microcontroller that could be used in this context is only optional.
- the picture element has a ramp input which is provided for receiving a ramp signal generated externally with respect to the picture element and which is coupled to the second input of the comparison unit.
- the same ramp signal can be fed to several picture elements of a display device, in particular to all picture elements of the display device, so that all picture elements are based on the same reference size, space for the picture elements can be kept compact and components for generating the ramp signal can be saved.
- the picture element has a reset input which is provided for receiving a predetermined reset signal.
- the picture element also has a ramp capacitor with a first and second electrode, the first electrode being coupled to the second input of the comparison unit and the second electrode being coupled to the second supply connection.
- the picture element has a ramp current source which is coupled to the first electrode of the ramp capacitor and is set up to charge the ramp capacitor.
- the picture element has a ramp transistor with a control electrode, a drain electrode and a source electrode. The ramp transistor is coupled to the second supply connection via its drainage electrode.
- the ramp transistor is coupled to the reset input via its control electrode.
- the ramp transistor is coupled to the first electrode of the ramp capacitor via its source electrode.
- the ramp transistor is set up, in particular, to allow a current flow between the first electrode of the ramp capacitor and the second supply connection and otherwise to block it when a predetermined threshold value of a voltage representing the predetermined reset signal is exceeded. If the ramp transistor allows current to flow, the ramp capacitor can be discharged via the ramp transistor, otherwise the ramp capacitor can be charged by the ramp current source. Depending on the state of charge of the ramp capacitor, this results in a voltage that can be controlled by the reset signal and is applied as a ramp signal to the second input of the comparison unit.
- the reset signal is selected in particular in such a way that the voltage applied to the second input of the comparison unit results in a ramp-like profile.
- the reset signal can be a pulse signal, the period duration of which corresponds to that of the ramp signal.
- an analog ramp signal for generating the PWM signal on the pixel or sub-pixel level can advantageously be generated.
- the picture element has a supply current source which is arranged between the first supply connection and the supply switch and is set up to provide a current for operating the light-emitting semiconductor component.
- a supply current source which is arranged between the first supply connection and the supply switch and is set up to provide a current for operating the light-emitting semiconductor component.
- this is a transistor that is connected to the first supply connection via its source electrode and is connected to the supply switch via its drainage electrode, or is connected via its source electrode to the second electrode of the light-emitting semiconductor component, which is connected to the first supply connection via its first electrode, and is connected to the supply switch via its drainage electrode.
- a control electrode of this transistor can serve, for example, as a control input of the supply current source.
- the picture element has a dimming input.
- the supply current source has a control input which is coupled to the dimming input.
- the supply current source is set up to control an amplitude of the current flow between the first and second supply connection via the light-emitting semiconductor component as a dimming signal as a function of a voltage applied to the dimming input.
- the same dimming signal can be fed to several picture elements, for example those picture elements that each form a sub-pixel of a pixel, in particular an RGB triplet, or all picture elements of a column or row of the display device, or all picture elements of the display device, in order to globally dim several picture elements to implement the display device.
- the supply current source can also be combined with the supply transistor, ie during the on time the supply transistor regulates the current flow (eg in the saturation range), during the off time it is non-conductive.
- a high level at the output of the comparison unit then corresponds to a voltage that impresses a corresponding current into the LED via the supply transistor.
- the picture element has a dimming input and a further comparison unit with a first and a second input and an output. The first input of the further comparison unit is coupled to the dimming input. The output of the comparison unit is coupled to the second input of the further comparison unit.
- the further comparison unit is set up to set a voltage at the output depending on a comparison of a voltage applied to the first and a second input, so that an amplitude of the voltage applied to the output of the comparison unit can be adapted as a dimming signal based on a voltage applied to the dimming input.
- the amplitude of the voltage at the output of the further comparison unit can be set to an amplitude of the dimming signal, while the pulse width of the signal at the output of the comparison unit can be maintained as the pulse width of the signal at the output of the further comparison unit.
- the picture element has a dimming capacitor with a first and a second electrode.
- the first electrode of the dimming capacitor is coupled to the control input of the supply current source.
- the second electrode of the dimming capacitor is coupled to the second supply connection.
- the picture element has a dimming transistor with a control electrode, a drainage electrode and a source electrode, which is coupled to the dimming input via its source electrode.
- the dimming transistor is also coupled to the selection input via its control electrode and is coupled to the first electrode of the dimming capacitor via its drain electrode.
- the dimming signal or a voltage representing the dimming signal is thus dependent on the The selection signal or the voltage which represents the selection signal and is present at the selection input can be fed to the control input of the supply current source and kept in the dimming capacitor.
- the dimming capacitor and the dimming transistor form a so-called “sample-and-hold” unit. In this way, individual picture elements can advantageously be dimmed ("local dimming").
- a single sample-and-hold unit can be assigned to these several picture elements and coupled to the respective supply current source in further refinements.
- the picture element has a set input for receiving a reference voltage.
- the supply current source is designed as a first compensation transistor.
- the ramp current source is designed as a second compensation transistor.
- the first and second compensation transistors each have a control electrode, a drain electrode and a source electrode. The first compensation transistor is connected to the first via its source electrode
- the first compensation transistor is coupled to the set input via its control electrode. Furthermore, the first compensation transistor is coupled to the source electrode of the supply transistor via its drain electrode.
- the second compensation transistor is coupled to the first supply connection via its source electrode. In addition, the second compensation transistor coupled to the set input via its control electrode. Furthermore, the second compensation transistor is coupled to the source electrode of the ramp transistor via its drain electrode.
- the first compensation transistor and the second compensation transistor are in particular arranged locally so close to one another that a mismatch error is kept low.
- the two compensation transistors are preferably designed according to the common centroid layout in order to compensate for a gradient in the gate oxide, for example.
- the two compensation transistors are manufactured in the same manufacturing process, for example on the same wafer, and thus have the same properties due to production and the same environmental influences due to the arrangement, so that advantageously with this connection there is a deviation in the first compensation transistor, for example in the current flow to Operating the corresponding LED in relation to other picture elements of the display device, for example due to layer thickness inaccuracies, also leads to a corresponding deviation in the second compensation transistor.
- such a deviation can be fed back to the ramp capacitor in an analog manner, ie not discretized, so that in the event of an increased charging current, a steeper charging curve, thus a lower duty cycle of the PWM signal and as a result a reduced brightness of the LED results, and thus mismatch errors between individual picture elements can be compensated without additional calibration.
- the picture element has a dimming connection.
- the ramp current source is designed as a dimming transistor with a control electrode, a drain electrode and a source electrode.
- the dimming transistor is coupled to the first supply connection via its source electrode.
- the dimming transistor is coupled to the dimming connection via its control electrode.
- the dimming transistor is coupled to the source electrode of the ramp transistor via its drain electrode.
- a voltage applied to the ramp capacitor for charging the ramp capacitor can be controlled as a function of a voltage applied to the dimming connection.
- the voltage present at the dimming connection can be fed to the picture element, for example, by means of a dimming signal that differs from the aforementioned dimming signal.
- the duty cycle of the PWM signal can be controlled as a function of this dimming signal.
- the same dimming signal of this type can be fed to a plurality of picture elements in order to implement a global dimming of a number of picture elements of the display device.
- the picture element has a calibration input. Furthermore, the picture element has a calibration transistor with a control electrode, a drain electrode and a source electrode. The calibration transistor is connected to its source electrode coupled to the calibration input. In addition, the calibration transistor is coupled to the selection input via its control electrode. Furthermore, the calibration transistor is coupled to the dimming connection via its drainage electrode. In addition, the picture element has a calibration capacitor with a first electrode and a second electrode. The calibration capacitor is coupled to the dimming connection via its first electrode. Furthermore, the calibration capacitor is coupled to the second supply connection via its second electrode.
- a calibration signal which is present at the calibration input and which can be stored in the calibration capacitor can be fed to the dimming connection as a function of the selection signal present at the selection input.
- the calibration transistor is set up to allow the voltage representing the calibration signal to be supplied to the dimming connection and the calibration capacitor when the voltage present at the selection input and representing the selection signal is exceeded, and otherwise to block it.
- the calibration capacitor and the calibration transistor form a so-called “sample-and-hold” unit.
- the invention relates to a display device.
- the display device is in particular a MicroLED display or another display based on active matrix technology.
- the display device has a plurality of picture elements according to the first aspect.
- the picture elements are in particular arranged in a matrix-like manner in rows and columns.
- the display device also has a multiplicity of column lines which are each connected to the respective selection input of the picture elements of one of the columns.
- the display device has a multiplicity of row lines which are each connected to the respective data input of the picture elements of one of the rows.
- the display device has a control device which is connected to the plurality of column lines and is suitable for generating a pulse as a selection signal for a selected column line from the plurality of column lines.
- the control device is further connected to the plurality of row lines and is suitable for generating a data signal for a selected row line from the plurality of row lines.
- the display device has a multiplicity of ramp lines which are each connected to the ramp input of one of the picture elements.
- the control device is connected to the multiplicity of ramp lines and is suitable for generating a ramp signal for the multiplicity of ramp lines externally with respect to the picture elements.
- the same ramp signal can be fed to a plurality of picture elements, for example all picture elements of a column or row of the display device, all picture elements of a portion such as a quadrant of the display device or all picture elements of the display device.
- the display device has a plurality of reset lines, each of which is connected to the reset input of one of the picture elements are connected.
- the control device is connected to the plurality of reset lines and is suitable for generating a pulse as a predetermined reset signal for a selected reset line from the plurality of reset lines.
- the same reset signal can be fed to a plurality of picture elements, for example all picture elements of a column or row of the display device, all picture elements of a portion such as a quadrant of the display device or all picture elements of the display device.
- the display device has a plurality of first dimming lines, which are each connected to the dimming input of one of the picture elements.
- the first dimming lines are each connected to the dimming input of one of the picture elements of a portion such as a quadrant of the display device or one of the picture elements of a row or a column of the display device.
- the first dimming lines are connected to the dimming input of one of the picture elements of an RGB triplet of the display device.
- the control device is connected to the plurality of first dimming lines and is suitable for generating a first dimming signal for a selected first dimming line from the plurality of first dimming lines.
- the display device has a multiplicity of second dimming lines, each of which is connected to the dimming connection of one of the picture elements.
- the control device is connected to the plurality of second dimming lines and is suitable for generating a second dimming signal for a selected second dimming line from the plurality of second dimming lines.
- the display device has a plurality of set lines which are each connected to the set input of one of the picture elements.
- the display device has a reference voltage source which is connected to the multiplicity of set lines and is suitable for providing a reference voltage for the multiplicity of set lines.
- the display device has a multiplicity of calibration lines which are each connected to the calibration input of one of the picture elements.
- the control device is connected to the plurality of calibration lines and is suitable for generating a calibration signal for a selected calibration line from the plurality of calibration lines.
- the display device has a plurality of first delay elements which are each coupled to the column lines of two successive columns and are set up to provide the selection signal delayed by a predetermined first time duration il on the respective second column line compared to the respective first column line.
- the display device has a plurality of second delay elements, which are each coupled to the ramp lines of two successive columns and set up to provide the ramp signal delayed by a predetermined second time period i2 on the respective second ramp line compared to the respective first ramp line.
- the default first The time period il is in a predetermined ratio to the predetermined second time period i2.
- the predefined ratio T1 / T2 1.
- the ramp signal and the selection signal are synchronous with one another.
- FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a picture element for a display device
- FIG. 2 shows an exemplary detailed view of the picture element according to FIG. 1,
- FIG. 3 shows exemplary signal curves in normal operation of the picture element according to FIG. 1,
- FIG. 4 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a picture element for a display device
- FIG. 5 shows a signal curve during normal operation of the picture element 1 according to FIG. 4,
- FIG. 6 shows a third exemplary embodiment of a picture element for a display device
- FIG. 7 shows a signal profile when an LED of the picture element according to FIG. 6 is operated
- FIG. 7 shows a signal profile when an LED of the picture element according to FIG. 6 is operated
- FIG. 8 shows a fourth exemplary embodiment of a picture element for a display device
- FIG. 12 shows a seventh exemplary embodiment of a picture element for a display device
- FIG. 13 shows an eighth embodiment of a picture element for a display device
- FIG. 14 shows a ninth embodiment of a picture element for a display device
- FIG. 16 shows a twelfth exemplary embodiment of a picture element for a display device
- FIG. 17 shows an exemplary display device.
- a display device with active matrix control can be based on pLEDs, for example, with each pixel of the display device corresponding to a cell with three pLEDs (sub-pixels).
- the pLEDs are each a red, a green and a blue chip.
- Each of these sub-pixels is assigned a circuit with active components in the form of thin-film transistors (TFTs) for regulating the current via the respective pLED.
- TFTs thin-film transistors
- Such a unit is referred to here and in the following as a picture element of the display device.
- the current can be regulated in an analog manner using a programming voltage.
- the brightness of the sub-pixels can be adjusted with the help of pulse width modulation (PWM). This is referred to as digital operation.
- PWM pulse width modulation
- This pulse width modulation can be generated by repeatedly programming the pixel cells. One sub-pixel is then only operated for a certain time with the nominal current and remains off the rest of the time.The viewer perceives the average brightness over time as the static brightness of the sub-pixel.
- the pulse width modulation is generated outside the display device with the aid of a repetitive programming sequence.
- switching times are required in the case of high-resolution displays with a repetition frequency of at least 60 Hz necessary, which cannot be achieved with today's TFT technology.
- a microcontroller can be connected to one or more LEDs within a pixel and regulate their operation.
- this is associated with high costs and enormous space requirements, in particular if such a microcontroller is assigned to each sub-pixel of the display device.
- a picture element and a display device are specified which make it possible to generate a pulse width modulation for (sub) pixels of an active matrix display device pixel-fine.
- a complex or precise circuit for controlling the individual picture elements can be provided outside the picture elements.
- FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a picture element 1 for a display device 100.
- a picture element 1 with a light-emitting semiconductor component B in a matrix arrangement of a display device 100 is controlled via a combination of a selection signal scan and data signal data.
- the selection signal scan is, for example, a pulse with a pulse width of 10 ns for each of the picture elements 1 of a display device 100 is generated and repeated after 16 ms (this corresponds to the frame rate of the display device 100).
- the data signal is, for example, an analog gray level value that is provided, for example, by a digital-to-analog converter.
- the display device 100 has a plurality of picture elements 1 which are each arranged in rows x and columns y (FIG. 17).
- a control device 12 which is arranged externally with respect to the individual picture elements 1, the selection signal scan is each connected to a corresponding selection input 4 via a plurality of column lines yl to yn and the data signal data is each connected to a corresponding selection input 4 via a plurality of row lines xl to xm corresponding data input 5 provided to the picture elements 1 (supply connections are not shown in more detail).
- the picture element 1 is assigned a memory for an analog voltage signal, the data signal data. Instead of converting this analog voltage signal into an analog current value, the picture element 1 generates a pulse-width modulated current flow Iled as a function of the analog voltage signal, the amplitude of which can also be analog current-regulated (during the on time).
- a unit IS is assigned to the picture element 1 (FIG. 2), which unit comprises a circuit with active components, for example in the form of thin-film transistors (TFTs).
- TFTs thin-film transistors
- This can in particular be a pIC or a TFT circuit of the active matrix backplane of the display device 100.
- the picture element 1 has a first supply connection Vdd and a second supply connection Vss, via each of which a supply voltage or a supply current for operating the semiconductor component B can be provided.
- a supply switch A can do the
- FIG. 2 shows two exemplary detailed views of the image element 1 according to FIG. 1.
- the supply switch A is designed, for example, as a PMOS transistor and is connected upstream of the semiconductor component B.
- a first supply voltage is provided via the first supply connection Vdd; ground or a negative operating voltage of the semiconductor component B is applied to the second supply connection Vss, for example.
- the first supply connection Vdd is connected to the supply switch A via a supply current source T4.
- the supply current source T4 can be controlled, for example, as a PMOS transistor and is set up to provide a current at the input of the supply switch A as a function of a dimming signal dim.
- the current flow Iled is pulse-width-modulated as a function of the PWM signal PWM, so that a brightness of the semiconductor component B can be set.
- This structure can also be referred to as a "common cathode".
- ground is present at the second supply connection.
- the first supply voltage or a positive operating voltage of the semiconductor component B is provided via the first supply connection Vdd, for example.
- the first supply connection Vdd is connected via the semiconductor component B to the supply current source T4, which the Supply switch A is connected downstream.
- the supply current source T4 and the supply switch A are designed here as NMOS transistors, for example. This structure can also be referred to as a "common anode".
- FIG. 2 shows a possible implementation of the unit IS.
- the selection signal scan is provided via a selection input 4 (cf. FIG. 1) of the unit IS, the data signal data via a data input 5 and a ramp signal Vpwm via a ramp input 6, which has a sawtooth-like voltage curve.
- the data signal data is applied to a switch T2 which is controlled as a function of the selection signal scan to store the data signal data in a data capacitor Cprog (sample-and-hold) and to feed it to a first input 3E1 of a comparison unit.
- the comparison unit is designed, for example, as a comparator 3, flip-flop or the like.
- the ramp signal Vpwm is present at a second input 3E2 of the comparison unit. Depending on an amplitude of the data signal data and a slope and pulse width of the ramp signal Vpwm, a pulse width of the PWM signal PWM results at the output 3A of the comparison unit.
- the ramp signal Vpwm is, for example, a voltage output by a digital-to-analog converter that periodically has a logarithmic, exponential or linear slope.
- a maximum and minimum voltage of the ramp signal Vpwm define, for example, a dimming range of the semiconductor component B, that is to say a minimum and maximum pulse width of the PWM signal PWM.
- the ramp signal Vpwm has, for example, an integer multiple of saw teeth per image of the display device 100; the reciprocal of the frame rate of the display device 100 corresponds to FIG In other words, N times the period of the ramp signal Vpwm.
- the ramp signal Vpwm has exactly one sawtooth for each (sub) pixel of the display device 100 per image.
- the ramp signal Vpwm is here synchronous with the data signal data, that is, a ramp start always takes place, for example, after the pulse of the selection signal scan has ended and the analog gray level value of the data signal data has been loaded into the data capacitor Cprog.
- the ramp signal Vpwm here has, for example, a non-linear slope.
- the semiconductor component B is in a switched-on state (duration ton) as long as a voltage V represented by the data signal data is greater than a voltage V represented by the ramp signal Vpwm and otherwise in a switched-off state (duration toff), or vice versa.
- the ramp signal Vpwm and the data signal data can cover the same voltage range or, in order to improve resolution, for example in the low nanosecond range, cover different voltage ranges (shown on the right in FIG. 3).
- ramp signal Vpwm and data signal data are conceivable in this context: a linear ramp signal Vpwm with a linear data signal data, a non-linear ramp signal Vpwm with a linear data signal or a linear Ramp signal Vpwm can be combined with a non-linear data signal data.
- the control device 12 can in this connection be connected to a corresponding ramp input 6 of the picture elements 1 with a plurality of supply lines z1 to zn in order to the same
- the individual feed lines zl-zn are coupled via delay elements D2, which allow a delay of about exactly one period.
- the column lines yl-yn are coupled via delay elements Dl which allow the same delay.
- delay elements D1, D2 can serve as amplifiers in order to maintain the integrity of the individual signals.
- a global ramp signal Vpwm enables dynamic adaptation of the brightness of the display device 100 via the pulse width of the respective PWM signal PWM for the display device 100 as a whole or for quadrants.
- FIG. 4 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a picture element 1 for a display device 100.
- the ramp signal Vpwm is generated by a circuit within the picture element.
- the picture element 1 according to FIG. 1 is in this context instead of the ramp input 6 (FIG. 1), for example, a reset input 11 (FIG. 4) is assigned, via which a reset signal is provided blank.
- the data signal data is stored in the data capacitor Cprog.
- the switch T2 is designed here as a control transistor T2, which is connected with its source electrode T2Q to the data input 5, with its control electrode T2S connected to the selection input 4, and with its drain electrode connected to a first electrode CprogEl of the data capacitor Cprog is, which with its second electrode CprogE2 with the second
- Supply connection Vss is coupled.
- the first electrode CprogEl is also coupled to the first input 3E1 of a comparator 3, at whose output 3A the PWM signal PWM is output.
- the PWM signal PWM is fed to a control electrode TIS of a supply transistor TI whose source electrode T1Q is connected to the first supply terminal Vdd via a supply current source T4 and is connected to a first electrode 2E1 of an LED 2 via its drainage electrode TIA, which is connected to the second supply connection Vss via its second electrode 2E2.
- a current source T5 connected to the first supply connection Vdd is coupled to a first electrode CpwmEl of a ramp capacitor Cpwm and charges it with a constant charging current Icharge.
- the ramp capacitor Cpwm is connected with its second electrode CpwmE2 to the second supply connection Vss.
- the constant charging current Icharge generates a linear increase in the voltage Vpwm applied to the ramp capacitor Cpwm over time t.
- the comparator 3 is connected to its second input 3E2 coupled to the first electrode CpwmEl of the ramp capacitor Cpwm, compares the voltage Vprog applied to the data capacitor Cprog with the voltage Vpwm applied to the ramp capacitor Cpwm and switches its output 3A to "low" when the same on the ramp capacitor Cpwm Voltage as applied to the data capacitor Cprog. After a period T has elapsed, the ramp capacitor Cpwm is discharged blank via the reset signal and the process starts all over again.
- the reset input 11 is coupled to a control electrode T3S of a ramp transistor T3, which is coupled with its drain electrode T3A to the second supply connection Vss and with its source electrode to the first electrode CpwmEl of the ramp capacitor Cpwm.
- FIG. 5 shows a signal curve during normal operation of the picture element 1 according to FIG. 4.
- the output 3A of the comparator 3 is thus at "high” level and the control transistor TI (eg NMOS) switches through.
- the ramp capacitor Cpwm is subsequently charged.
- the ramp signal Vpwm exceeds that represented by the data signal data Voltage Vprog and the output 3A assumes a "low” level, so that the control transistor TI blocks the flow of current Iled.
- FIG. 6 shows a third exemplary embodiment of a picture element 1 for a display device 100, which differs from the second exemplary embodiment in that the supply current source T4 is designed to be controllable:
- the amplitude of the current flow Iled through the LED 2 during the on time ton is specified from the outside by an adjustable current source T4 from a global dimming signal dim.
- the picture element 1 has an additional dimming input 7.
- the dimming signal dim can, for example, set several picture elements 1 together, for example a pixel with 3 subpixels (RGB), for example several pixels at the same time, for example a whole row x, a whole column y or the whole display device 100 -transistor TI be combined, ie during the on-time ton the control transistor TI regulates the current (eg in the saturation range), during the off-time toff it is non-conductive.
- RGB subpixels
- FIG. 7 shows an exemplary profile of the current flow Iled via the LED 2.
- An amplitude L of the current flow Iled is specified globally by the dimming signal dim.
- a duty cycle of the PWM signal PWM or a pulse width DC of the current flow Iled is defined pixel-fine by the PWM signal PWM or ramp signal Cpwm and data signal data.
- FIG. 8 shows a fourth exemplary embodiment of a picture element 1 for a display device 100, which differs from the third exemplary embodiment in that the controllable supply current source T4 is preceded by a dimming capacitor Cdim and a dimming transistor T6.
- the Dimming capacitor Cdim is connected with its first electrode CdimEl on the input side to the current source T4 and with its second electrode CdimE2 it is connected to the second supply connection Vss.
- the dimming transistor T6 has its drain electrode T6A connected to the first electrode CdimEl of the dimming capacitor Cdim, its control electrode T6S is connected to the selection input 4 and its source electrode T6Q is connected to the dimming input 7.
- the dimming signal dim can be programmed via a separate data line (column) and stored in the dimming capacitor Cdim.
- several (sub) pixels can share such a dimming signal dim or a dimming capacitor Cdim.
- an RGB pixel shares a dimming capacitor Cdim
- a group of RGB pixels shares a dimming capacitor Cdim or a data signal dim.
- a nominal level of the current flow Iled via the LED 2 (hereinafter referred to as Iled, nominally referred to) is set in such a way that the nominal brightness of the LED 2 is already achieved with a duty cycle of less than 100% (see FIG. 9 and 10).
- Iled nominally referred to
- an amplitude Iled, nominally so high is chosen that the LED 2 is not permanently switched on in terms of time. That means that in light-emitting operation to achieve the nominal brightness of the LED 2 the on-time ton, nominally smaller than the maximum possible on-time ton, max (Fig. 9).
- the ton, buffer corresponds to a proportion of the period T of 5%, for example 10% or 15%.
- the maximum on time ton, max corresponds to the period T of the pulse width modulation and thus a duty cycle 100%.
- a portion Vprog, buffer above a nominal voltage Vprog, nominal of the voltage Vprog represented by the data signal data can be used to set the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation greater than ton, nominal (i.e. to use ton, buffer) and in this way, for example, a too dark LED can be made brighter.
- calibration can be carried out by adapting the charging current Icharge by means of the ramp current source T5.
- the on-time ton (shown in dashed lines) or the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation can be increased compared to the nominal on-time ton, nominally by a lower charging current Icharge and a resulting flatter rise in the voltage Vpwm * compared to the ramp signal Vpwm , compared to the ramp signal Vpwm with a nominal charging current Icharge, nominal.
- the calibration according to the sixth embodiment by adapting the duty cycle of the Pulse width modulation can be achieved via the charging current Icharge.
- the strength of the calibration for example, an 8-bit resolution of the voltage Vprog represented by the data signal data automatically divides the pulse width modulation into uniform 8-bit (256) steps.
- the data signal data therefore does not have to have a higher resolution than is necessary for pure color resolution.
- the buffer for calibration (also towards higher brightnesses) via pulse width modulation if the nominal current level is set so that the pulse width modulation for the nominal brightness of LED 2 does not have 100% on time ton.
- the buffer in the on-time can be used for compensation or for adjustment measures.
- the buffer can be addressed by means of a so-called overhead of the data signal data or by means of a change (decrease) in the charging current Icharge of the ramp capacitor Cpwm.
- FIG. 12 shows a seventh exemplary embodiment of a picture element 1 for a display device 100, which differs from the third exemplary embodiment in that the picture element 1 has a set input 8 via which a reference voltage Vset can be provided.
- the controllable supply current source T4 is designed as a first compensation transistor and the ramp current source T5 is designed as a second compensation transistor.
- a source electrode T4Q of the first compensation transistor is connected to the first supply connection Vdd, its drain electrode T4A is connected to the source electrode T1Q of the control transistor TI, and its control electrode T4S is connected to the set input 8 connected.
- a source electrode T5Q of the second compensation transistor is connected to the first supply connection Vdd, its drain electrode T5A is connected to the source electrode T3Q of the ramp transistor T3, and its control electrode T5S is connected to the set input 8.
- the first and second compensation transistors are in particular arranged with respect to one another in such a way that extrinsic effects such as ambient temperature have an essentially identical effect on the two transistors (indicated by unit T45).
- the two transistors can be manufactured in the same manufacturing process in order to compensate for intrinsic deviations from the norm.
- the first and second compensation transistors form a current mirror.
- the charging current Icharge is operated by a current source T5 which, in terms of manufacturing tolerance, experiences the same influences as the current source T4, for example through very close placement next to one another and a common gate connection (set connection 8).
- the setting terminal 8 is, for example, connected to a voltage reference and sets the operating point together with the transistor geometries.
- a ratio of width to length of the first compensation transistor is 10 while a ratio of width to length of the second compensation transistor is 1.
- the reference voltage Vset itself is not suitable for calibration, since its change would also compensate for each other as explained above.
- the associated second compensation transistor T5 also has this deviation (which leads to a higher charging current Icharge).
- This deviation is fed back analogously (not discretized) to the ramp capacitor Cpwm, since a higher charging current Icharge results in a steeper charging curve and thus a lower duty cycle, which leads to a reduced brightness of LED 2 and overall compensation of the brightness.
- this analog compensation can also correct the current flow Iled upwards.
- Inaccuracies which are usually compensated pixel by pixel by white balance, are partly due to process variations in the manufacture of the TFT backplane, partly due to variations in the LEDs used.
- the white correction is usually done by a microcontroller or FPGA, which, after measuring the actual brightness, defines a correction factor for each (sub) pixel with which each value of the data signal data is corrected. Even the digitized correction (i.e. with discretized values) results in further inaccuracies, so a comparison is never completely possible, also because of the limited resolution.
- the error portion of the TFT circuit is automatically compensated for in an analogue and thus not discretized manner; therefore, no resolution in the external white balance needs to be maintained for this error portion.
- a white balance is therefore only for one person Error portion of the LEDs required.
- 13 shows an eighth exemplary embodiment of a picture element 1 for a display device 100, which differs from the third exemplary embodiment in that the picture element has a dimming connection 9 via which a dimming signal Set_I_charge can be provided.
- the ramp current source T5 is designed as a dimming transistor, the source electrode T5Q of which is connected to the first supply connection Vdd, the control electrode T5S of which is connected to the dimming connection 9 and the drainage electrode T5A of which is connected to the source electrode T3Q of the ramp transistor T3 .
- a global brightness setting (e.g. dimming) can also be made by setting the ramp current source T5 and the charging current Icharge, and thus implemented via pulse width modulation .
- the adaptation takes place here via a voltage as the dimming signal Set_I_charge. If only dimmed globally (and the LEDs 2 are not set above their nominal brightness), no duty cycle overhead (cf. fifth and sixth exemplary embodiments) is necessary.
- FIG. 14 shows a ninth exemplary embodiment of a picture element 1 for a display device 100, which differs from the eighth exemplary embodiment in that the picture element 1 has a calibration input 10, via which a calibration signal data2 can be provided.
- the picture element 1 has a calibration transistor T6 and a calibration capacitor CprogData on.
- the calibration transistor T6 has its source electrode T6Q connected to the calibration input 10, its drain electrode T6A connected to the dimming connection 9, and its control electrode connected to the source electrode T3Q of the ramp transistor T3.
- the calibration capacitor CprogData is connected with its first electrode CprogDataEl to the dimming connection 9 and with its second electrode CprogDataEl connected to the second supply connection Vss.
- the duty cycle or the pulse width of the current flow Iled can now also be intervened externally pixel-fine via the LED 2 by connecting the ramps current source T5 of each (sub) pixel to a separate sample and hold stage with a its own calibration input 10 is connected and supplied with a separate calibration signal data2. This can be used, for example, for white point calibration.
- the calibration input 10 for each picture element 1 of the display device 100, is supplied or coated with standard 8-bit data sources (standard ICs) . provided.
- standard 8-bit data sources standard ICs
- the pulse width modulation can be resolved with a total of 16 bits by using two separate, inexpensive "standard" 8-bit data sources.
- an 8-bit voltage source is used for pixel-fine (white) calibration in this exemplary embodiment, whereas a nominal gray level of the (sub- ) pixels is set as usual via a further 8-bit voltage source, so that two separate, inexpensive standard source driver ICs can be used.
- the data signal data can alternatively be provided with a large bit overhead, i.e. instead of the standard 8-bit gray level (8 bits per color), the data signal data is resolved with 12-14 bits for an exact white balance.
- data sources in standard display driver ICs are only provided with 8-bit resolution.
- a more expensive, specially adapted source driver IC with an accuracy of up to 16 bits can be used as compared to the two 8-bit standard source driver ICs above.
- the data signal data comprises N data bits, for example 8 bits (only 3 bits shown here for reasons of clarity).
- the picture element 1 has N control units T21, T22, T23 and N data capacitors Cprogl, Cprog2, Cprog3, which each form sample-and-hold units.
- the selection signal scan comprises N pulses or a pulse which is fed to the individual control units T21, T22, T23 by delay elements between the individual control units T21, T22, T23 in synchronism with the individual data bits of the data signal data.
- the display device 100 has a frame rate of 60 Hz with 8 bit gray levels and 1920 columns y, so that there is enough time for several such pulses (there is a time frame of 1/60 sec (frame) around 1920 columns with "to be programmed". Since the programming takes place sequentially, 8 CLK cycles are necessary for this).
- the comparison unit has N first inputs 3E1 and is designed as a comparator 3 or the like. Depending on the value of the individual data bits, provision can be made to stagger the capacitance of the data capacitors or to connect a correspondingly staggered multiplier downstream of the inputs (e.g. within comparator 3) before the applied voltage is fed to an adder and the result is transferred to the second input 3E2 applied ramp signal Vpwm is compared.
- both the data signal data and the ramp signal Vpwm are in digital form instead of analog form.
- Both the data signal data and the ramp signal Vpwm comprise N data bits, for example 8 bits (only 3 bits shown here for reasons of clarity).
- the picture element 1 has N comparison elements 31, 32, 33 which are set up for a comparison of individual bits ("bit by bit comparator"), a first input of the comparison elements 31, 32, 33 in each case with the digital data signal data and a second input of the comparison elements 31, 32,
- the outputs of the comparison elements 31, 32, 33 are connected downstream of the outputs of the comparison elements 31, 32, 33 before the generated current is fed to a node.
- This node has a unit on the output side 13 connected.
- the unit 13 is supplied with a global voltage reference Vref.
- a capacitor is provided which is charged by the output of the node or the voltage reference Vref and is connected on the output side to a respective input of a further comparison element 34.
- the PWM signal PWM is then present at the output of the further comparison element 34.
- the weighted currents of the comparison elements 31, 32, 33 summed up in the node charge a capacitor in unit 13.
- the downstream further comparison element 34 triggers.
- the further comparison element 34 is also a comparator, for example , a flip-flop or the like.
- the comparison elements 31, 32, 33 can be preceded by a delay element D, so that the individual data bits of the data signal data and the ramp signal Vpwm are each synchronized with a pulse of the selection signal scan to the individual comparison elements 31, 32, 33 is fed.
- the PWM signal PWM is not specified by external programming, but rather generated in the individual picture elements 1 which correspond to (sub) pixels of the display device 100.
- an analog or digital voltage signal can be generated with the aid of TFTs in a digital signal (PWM signal PWM) can be converted.
- a microcontroller is only optional for generating the PWM signal PWM.
- a current level of the individual LEDs can optionally be adjusted globally or pixel-finely.
- a calibration of the display device 100 or a compensation of inaccuracies of a current source of a pixel by means of the generated PWM signal PWM and feedback of the current flow Iled via the LED 2 is optionally made possible.
- the nominal maximum brightness of the LED 2 can be limited to 90%, for example, and the remaining portion can be used for calibration by regulating the nominal current flow Iled via the LED 2 during the on time ton via the supply current source T4 and setting it in a fixed manner or can be programmed, for example via the additional ramp-and-hold stage according to the ninth embodiment (additional calibration capacitor CprogData and additional calibration input 10 per picture element 1) for pixel-fine programming of the analog current level or via a global (or line-by-line or column-wise) dimming signal according to the third or eighth exemplary embodiment, which is introduced from the outside to implement a day / night mode and intermediate stages.
- the picture element 1 can be used in a customary active matrix structure of a display device 100, in which voltage programming takes place via selection signals scan and data signals data.
- the scan selection signal as an external trigger for pulse width modulation, feed lines can be saved.
- the reset connection 11 is, for example, connected to the selection input 4 and the reset signal blank corresponds to the selection signal scan.
- the analog picture information is usually stored within a holding capacitor of a 2T1C cell. If the pulse width modulation is now also mapped via this holding capacitor and the scan transistor, the data rate increases by 2 L N of the desired PWM resolution. In comparison to alternatives for generating the pulse width modulation, fewer active circuit components are required, so that integration into a TFT circuit is possible.
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Abstract
Description
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| DE112020005421.7T DE112020005421B4 (de) | 2020-01-09 | 2020-12-14 | Bildelement für eine anzeigevorrichtung und anzeigevorrichtung |
| JP2022540669A JP7443531B2 (ja) | 2020-01-09 | 2020-12-14 | ディスプレイ装置のための画像要素、およびディスプレイ装置 |
| CN202080092719.6A CN114945970B (zh) | 2020-01-09 | 2020-12-14 | 用于显示设备的图像元件和显示设备 |
| US17/791,875 US12254816B2 (en) | 2020-01-09 | 2020-12-14 | Picture element for a display device and display device |
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| DE102020100335.8A DE102020100335A1 (de) | 2020-01-09 | 2020-01-09 | Bildelement für eine anzeigevorrichtung und anzeigevorrichtung |
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| US11223184B2 (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2022-01-11 | Ricoh Electronic Devices Co., Ltd. | Semiconductor laser driver having electronic dimming function without using optical components |
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| CN116189604B (zh) * | 2022-12-12 | 2025-05-30 | 深圳市洲明科技股份有限公司 | 像素驱动电路、方法和显示面板 |
| CN115914869B (zh) * | 2022-12-19 | 2024-08-13 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | 脉冲宽度调制像素单元、图像传感器及曝光方法 |
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- 2020-01-09 DE DE102020100335.8A patent/DE102020100335A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2020-12-14 JP JP2022540669A patent/JP7443531B2/ja active Active
- 2020-12-14 US US17/791,875 patent/US12254816B2/en active Active
- 2020-12-14 CN CN202080092719.6A patent/CN114945970B/zh active Active
- 2020-12-14 DE DE112020005421.7T patent/DE112020005421B4/de active Active
- 2020-12-14 WO PCT/EP2020/086001 patent/WO2021139967A1/de not_active Ceased
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Also Published As
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|---|---|
| DE112020005421B4 (de) | 2026-01-22 |
| DE112020005421A5 (de) | 2022-10-06 |
| DE102020100335A1 (de) | 2021-07-15 |
| CN114945970B (zh) | 2025-07-04 |
| US20230092321A1 (en) | 2023-03-23 |
| US12254816B2 (en) | 2025-03-18 |
| JP7443531B2 (ja) | 2024-03-05 |
| CN114945970A (zh) | 2022-08-26 |
| JP2023510520A (ja) | 2023-03-14 |
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