WO2021134526A1 - Organic waste biological fermentation reaction device and organic fertilizer production line - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of ecology and environmental protection, and provides an organic waste biological fermentation reaction device and an organic fertilizer production line. An organic waste biological fermentation reaction device is used for an organic fertilizer production line. The organic waste biological fermentation reaction device is configured as a closed bin structure composed of a frame and a housing covering the outer side of the frame. The closed bin structure comprises a feed inlet, an outlet, a conveying unit, a material distribution unit which uniformly distributes materials on an upper conveying plane of the conveying unit, material turning units that provide aerobic fermentation conditions for the materials, humiture measurement units that monitor the degree of fermentation of the materials in real time, a ventilation unit that realizes the internal ventilation of the closed bin structure, and an aeration unit. The present invention has a clear structure, ensures the full aerobic fermentation of the materials, provides a closed fermentation environment for the materials, collects and purifies the peculiar smell gas generated by fermentation by means of a pipeline, effectively controls the diffusion of the peculiar smell gas generated by fermentation, and protects the surrounding environment.

Description

Organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment and organic fertilizer production line Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological and environmental protection, in particular to an organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment and an organic fertilizer production line.

Background technique

Organic fertilizers include not only environmentally friendly, pollution-free, pollution-free, and waste-utilized agricultural products in the narrow sense, which can change or replace chemical fertilizers and pesticides for agricultural production, but also include organic fertilizers that participate in the promotion of field soils and soils in the actual agricultural field environment. Natural cycle, that is, participating in the virtuous cycle of promoting the fertility of the field soil and the natural environment. The agricultural planting behaviors such as fertilizers, anti-bacterial and insect-inhibiting, and photosynthesis-promoting technologies are mutually redeemed by humans and crops, and crops and nature. Behavior is the ecological utilization of the remaining organic matter of crops and all plants in agricultural activities, which covers a series of agricultural engineering of the ecological and functionalization of materials in related industries.

The production of organic fertilizer in the prior art usually involves the stabilization of organic matter in the organic waste through the action of aerobic microorganisms (mainly aerobic bacteria) under aerobic conditions, and through screening, metering, and packaging. It becomes organic fertilizer. In the process of composting, soluble organic matter penetrates into the cells, and the microorganisms catabolize part of the organic matter through their own biological metabolic activities, that is, oxidize and decompose to obtain the energy required for biological growth and activities, and convert another part of the organic matter into synthesis The new cell material allows microorganisms to grow and multiply to produce more organisms. In the current industry, most of the aerobic composting fermentation process in the manufacture of organic fertilizers adopts civil tank composting, which requires a large area of space, and the emission of peculiar smell is difficult to control, and the cost and manufacturing cycle are very long.

For the food waste treatment process, the existing silo reactor that can meet the aerobic fermentation cycle cannot be applied to the aerobic fermentation of the food waste. In addition, the existing biochemical reactor for the food waste treatment is small due to its small size. , Unable to meet the cycle requirements of aerobic fermentation of food waste, resulting in insufficient fermentation of materials and low fertility of the organic fertilizer produced.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment and an organic fertilizer production line, so as to solve the technical problem that the biochemical reactor cannot meet the cycle requirements of the aerobic fermentation of materials when the Chinese food waste is manufactured in the prior art, and the food waste is improved. Manufacture the quality of organic fertilizer, and effectively control the peculiar smell produced by aerobic fermentation of the material, and protect the surrounding environment of the production line.

In order to achieve the above objective, the present invention proposes the following technical solution: an organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment, the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment is provided with a closed warehouse structure composed of a skeleton and a shell covering the outside of the skeleton; The closed warehouse structure also includes a feed port, a feed port, a conveying unit, a distributing unit, a number of material turning and throwing units, a number of temperature and humidity detection units, a ventilation unit and an aeration unit;

The transmission unit is arranged inside the sealed warehouse structure along the length direction of the sealed warehouse structure, and includes a number of parallel and spaced support shafts, a transmission chain plate sleeved on the support shaft, a number of bearing seats for installing the support shaft, and The first driving mechanism that drives the support shaft to rotate; the bearing seat is fixedly connected to the frame, the upper and lower transmission planes of the transmission chain plate are horizontal, and the transmission plane of the transmission chain plate is provided with a plurality of penetrating transmission chain plates Mesh

The feed port is arranged above the closed silo structure, the bottom of the feed port penetrates the top of the closed silo structure and then extends into the closed silo structure, and the position of the feed port corresponds to the end position of the transmission plane in the length direction of the transmission unit; The discharge port is arranged below the closed silo structure, the upper part of the discharge port penetrates the bottom of the closed silo structure and extends into the inside of the closed silo structure. The position of the discharge port corresponds to the end position in the length direction of the lower transmission plane of the transmission unit. The end position in the length direction of the plane is opposite to the end position in the length direction of the upper transmission plane;

The feeding unit is arranged between the feed port and the transmission unit, and includes a transmission shaft welded with positive spiral blades and reverse spiral blades along the axial direction, and a second drive mechanism for driving the transmission shaft to rotate; the transmission shafts are parallel On the support shaft, the axial ends of the transmission shaft are respectively connected to the skeleton by bearing seats, and the length of the positive spiral blades and the reverse spiral blades installed in the axial direction of the transmission shaft does not exceed the width of the transmission chain plate; the material distribution unit evenly disperses the materials Spreading out on the conveying plane is conducive to the biological drying and fermentation of materials.

The material turning and throwing unit is arranged in the closed silo structure evenly and at intervals along the length of the closed silo structure, and the material turning and throwing unit is installed above the transfer unit; the material turning and throwing unit includes a rotation that is provided with a plurality of rotating blades along the axial direction. A shaft and a third drive mechanism for driving the rotating shaft to rotate; the rotating shaft is parallel to the transmission shaft, and both ends of the rotating shaft are connected to the skeleton by a bearing seat; the rotating blade extends radially along the rotating shaft and rotates The blades are set to be in clearance fit with the upper transmission plane of the transmission chain plate when the rotating shaft rotates to realize the turning and throwing of materials on the transmission plane; the temperature and humidity detection units are arranged in the closed warehouse structure evenly and at intervals along the length of the closed warehouse structure Inside, it is installed above the material turning and throwing unit, and includes a temperature and humidity sensor and a fourth driving mechanism connected to the temperature and humidity sensor; the fourth driving mechanism is used to drive the temperature and humidity sensor close to the transmission chain plate when the transmission unit is stationary The upper transmission plane; the material turning and throwing unit is used to turn and throw the materials on the transmission plane to avoid material compaction, make the material loose, increase the porosity of the material, thereby increase the oxygen in the material, and meet the fermentation aerobic conditions; temperature and humidity detection unit It is used to monitor the temperature and humidity of materials in real time and judge the degree of fermentation of materials.

The ventilation unit includes an exhaust duct, an air supply duct, and a heat exchange device. An exhaust fan is installed on the exhaust duct. One end of the exhaust duct extends into the upper part of the closed warehouse structure, and the other end is connected to the heat exchange device; The heat exchange device is installed on the outside of the frame, and the air outlet of the heat exchange device penetrates the shell and is connected to the gas purification device arranged outside the closed warehouse structure; the air supply pipe is equipped with a blower, and the air inlet end of the air supply pipe penetrates the shell The rear body is connected to the outside atmosphere, and the air outlet end extends into the heat exchange device and is connected to the upper part of the inside of the closed warehouse structure; the aeration unit includes an aeration fan and an aeration pipe connected to the outlet of the aeration fan. The air blower is arranged between the frame and the shell, and the air inlet of the aeration blower penetrates through the shell and is connected to the atmosphere; the air outlet of the aeration pipe extends into the closed warehouse structure and is located in the transmission chain plate of the transmission unit Between the upper and lower transmission planes. The ventilating unit is used to ventilate the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment, remove the water vapor from the evaporation of the materials inside the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment, and dry the materials. The aeration unit transmits the gas between the two transmission planes of the transmission chain plate, and the gas enters the material through the mesh on the transmission plane to provide the required oxygen for the aerobic fermentation of the material on the transmission plane and accelerate the fermentation process.

Further, the aeration unit further includes an air inlet heating device arranged on the aeration pipe, and the air inlet heating device is used to heat the gas between the two conveying planes of the conveying chain plate in the conveying unit. The gas further accelerates the fermentation process of the material on the conveying plane.

Further, the aeration pipe includes a straight pipe parallel to the length of the transmission unit, and a plurality of branch pipes are evenly arranged on the straight pipe at intervals, and the outlet ends of the branch pipes extend into the two transmission planes of the transmission chain plate in the transmission unit. Between; Several branch pipes are used to supply oxygen and heat the materials at different positions on the conveying chain plate.

Further, it also includes a control unit, which is electrically connected to the transmission unit, the distributing unit, the material turning and throwing unit, the temperature and humidity detection unit, the ventilation unit, and the aeration unit, respectively.

Further, a number of temperature sensors are provided on the top surface of the inside of the closed warehouse structure, and the temperature sensors are electrically connected to the control unit for measuring the temperature of the gas in the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment; the control unit is provided with To monitor the temperature threshold interval of the gas in the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment; when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the gas inside the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment exceeds the upper limit of the temperature threshold interval, the control unit controls the activation of the ventilation unit; when the temperature sensor detects When the temperature of the gas inside the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment is lower than the lower limit of the temperature threshold interval, the control unit controls to shut down the ventilation unit.

Further, the output amount and the input amount of the transfer unit in any transfer period are the same, so that the organic fertilizer manufacturing production line can continue to produce under the premise of meeting the production demand.

The present invention also provides an organic fertilizer production line, including an oil-water separation and sorting platform, a crushing and squeezing dryer, a biochemical reactor, the above-mentioned organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment, a gas purification section and a batching and packing section;

The oil-water separation and sorting platform includes a picking platform and an oil-water separation device installed under the picking platform. The oil-water separation and sorting platform is used to separate organic waste from solid and liquid to obtain bulk materials, oil and water; The feed port of the crushing and squeezing machine is connected to the oil-water separation and sorting platform, and is used to crush the bulk materials obtained by the oil-water separation and sorting platform to obtain granular materials; the feed port of the biochemical reactor is connected to the crushing and squeezing The discharge port of the machine is used for aerobic fermentation of the granular material obtained by the crushing and squeezing machine to obtain a primary fermentation material; the feed port of the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment is connected to the discharge port of the biochemical reactor, Used to perform secondary aerobic fermentation on the primary fermentation material obtained by the biochemical reactor to obtain secondary fermentation material; the air outlet of the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment is connected to the gas purification section, and the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment The discharge port is connected to the ingredient packing section; the gas purification section is a gas purification system, and the gas purification system is used to purify the gas produced by the aerobic fermentation of the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment. The ingredient packing section includes sequential connections The sieving machine, batching machine and weighing and packing machine, the batching and packing section is used to screen, distribute and measure and pack the secondary fermentation materials at the discharge port of the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment. Through the use of organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment, the organic waste can be fully reacted after being sorted and crushed after two aerobic fermentation, reducing harmful bacteria and improving the fertility of organic fertilizer.

Further, the oil-water separation and sorting platform, the crushing and squeezing machine, the biochemical reactor and the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment are connected by a closed transmission mechanism; the closed transmission mechanism is beneficial to reduce the odor of the material during the transmission process. Reduce environmental pollution.

Further, a shaftless screw conveyor is provided between the crushing and squeezing machine and the biochemical reactor; the shaftless screw conveyor is provided with a number of discharge channels, and the discharge channels are provided with pneumatic valves, and any The discharging channel is connected to the biochemical reactor; multiple biochemical reactors and one organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment are combined for production, which is beneficial to increase the yield of the production line.

It can be seen from the above technical solution that the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment and organic fertilizer production line provided by the technical solution of the present invention have obtained the following beneficial effects:

The organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment and organic fertilizer production line disclosed in the present invention relate to the technical field of ecological and environmental protection; among them, the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment is arranged as a closed warehouse structure composed of a skeleton and a shell covering the outside of the skeleton, The closed silo structure includes a material inlet, a material outlet, a conveying unit, a distributing unit, a number of material turning units, a number of temperature and humidity detection units, a ventilation unit and aeration unit; the material is evenly dispersed in the conveying unit through the distributing unit On the upper transmission plane, during the material transmission process, the material turning unit and aeration unit are used to loosen the material and provide sufficient oxygen to provide fermentation aerobic conditions for the material. The temperature and humidity detection unit detects the fermentation of the material in real time. Degree, and realize the ventilation of the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment through the ventilation unit. The organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment of the present invention has a clear structure. On the one hand, the material is fully aerobic fermented to eliminate harmful bacteria in the material; on the other hand, it provides a closed fermentation environment for the material, and the peculiar smell gas generated by the fermentation is collected and introduced through the pipeline. Gas purification effectively controls the open and non-directional spread of fermentation gas and protects the surrounding environment.

The organic fertilizer production line of the present invention adopts the above-mentioned organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment, and the airtight transmission mechanism is adopted between the equipments to control the fermentation gas in the whole process of the organic fertilizer production line, under the premise of ensuring that the organic fertilizer is fully fermented Effectively control the open and non-directional propagation of fermentation gas, and further protect the surrounding environment.

It should be understood that all combinations of the aforementioned concepts and the additional concepts described in more detail below can be regarded as part of the inventive subject matter of the present disclosure as long as such concepts are not mutually contradictory.

The foregoing and other aspects, embodiments and features of the teachings of the present invention can be more fully understood from the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings. Other additional aspects of the present invention, such as the features and/or beneficial effects of the exemplary embodiments, will be apparent in the following description, or learned from the practice of the specific embodiments taught in accordance with the present invention.

Description of the drawings

The drawings are not intended to be drawn to scale. In the drawings, each identical or nearly identical component shown in each figure may be represented by the same reference numeral. For the sake of clarity, not every component is labeled in every figure. Now, embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will be described by way of examples and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the organic waste biological fermentation reaction device of the present invention after removing the top shell;

2 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the organic waste biological fermentation reaction device of the present invention after part of the shell is removed;

Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a distributing unit of the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment of the present invention;

4 is a structural diagram of the material turning and throwing unit of the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a structural diagram of the temperature and humidity detection unit of the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a structural diagram of the ventilation unit of the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a structural diagram of a transmission unit of an organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment according to the present invention;

Figure 8 is the assembly diagram of the organic fertilizer production line of the present invention.

In the figure, the specific meaning of each mark is:

1-Oil-water separation and sorting platform, 2-crushing and squeezing dryer, 3-biochemical reactor, 4-organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment, 4.1-skeleton, 4.2-shell, 4.3-feeding port, 4.4-discharging口, 4.5-transmission unit, 4.5.1-support shaft, 4.5.2-transmission chain plate, 4.5.3-bearing seat, 4.5.4-first drive mechanism, 4.6-distribution unit, 4.6.1-drive shaft , 4.6.2-second drive mechanism, 4.6.3-positive spiral blade, 4.6.4-reverse spiral blade, 4.7-material turning and throwing unit, 4.7.1-rotating shaft, 4.7.2-third drive mechanism, 4.7 .3-rotating blades, 4.8- temperature and humidity detection unit, 4.8.1-temperature and humidity sensor, 4.8.2-fourth drive mechanism, 4.9-ventilation unit, 4.9.1-exhaust duct, 4.9.2-supply duct , 4.9.3-heat exchange device, 4.9.4-exhaust fan, 4.9.5-supply fan, 4.10-aeration unit, 4.10.1-aeration fan, 4.10.2-aeration pipe, 4.10.3-intake Heating device, 4.10.4-branch pipe, 4.11-temperature sensor, 5-gas purification system, 6-screening machine, 7-dosing machine, 8-metering baler.

Detailed ways

In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, specific embodiments are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings as follows.

In this disclosure, various aspects of the present invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which numerous illustrated embodiments are shown. The embodiments of the present disclosure are not defined to include all aspects of the present invention. It should be understood that the various concepts and embodiments introduced above, as well as those described in more detail below, can be implemented in any of many ways, because the concepts and embodiments disclosed in the present invention are not Limited to any implementation. In addition, some aspects disclosed in the present invention can be used alone or in any appropriate combination with other aspects disclosed in the present invention.

Based on the traditional composting process in the prior art using open trough composting, the peculiar smell gas produced by the traditional trough composting fermentation is open and non-directionally dispersed, and has technical problems that are difficult to collect and process and cannot be controlled. The present invention aims to propose An organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment and an organic fertilizer production line with the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment. The airtight organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment is used for aerobic fermentation process to effectively control the fermentation odor gas and protect the surroundings surroundings.

In the following, the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment and organic fertilizer production line of the present invention will be further introduced in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, an organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment 4 is provided with a closed silo structure composed of a skeleton 4.1 and a shell 4.2 covering the outside of the frame 4.1; the closed silo structure also includes feed Port 4.3, discharge port 4.4, transfer unit 4.5, distributing unit 4.6, several material turning and throwing units 4.7, several temperature and humidity detection units 4.8, ventilation unit 4.9, and aeration unit 4.10; pass the material turning and throwing unit 4.7, temperature and humidity detection Unit 4.8, ventilation unit 4.9, and aeration unit 4.10 provide a sufficient aerobic fermentation environment for the materials, and the odorous gas produced by the fermentation in the organic waste biological fermentation reaction device 4 is enclosed in a closed warehouse structure, so that no external interference occurs. Directional propagation phenomenon reduces environmental pollution caused by odorous gas. In the embodiment shown in the drawings, the organic waste biological fermentation reaction device 4 is designed to be a rectangular parallelepiped shape, which facilitates the assembly of components; and, in the embodiment of the present application, the organic waste biological fermentation reaction device 4 is used for processing Organic waste mainly refers to food waste, but the equipment of the present invention is not limited to processing food waste, and can also be used to treat other types of organic waste.

As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 7, the transmission unit 4.5 is arranged inside the closed storage structure along the length direction of the closed storage structure, and includes a plurality of parallel and spaced support shafts 4.5.1, and a transmission sleeved on the support shaft 4.5.1 The chain plate 4.5.2, a number of bearing seats 4.5.3 used to install the support shaft 4.5.1, and the first drive mechanism 4.5.4 used to drive the support shaft 4.5.1 to rotate; the bearing seat 4.5.3 is fixedly connected In the framework 4.1, the embodiment shown in the drawings is to install a section steel structure on the framework 4.1, and the bearing seat 4.5.3 is fixed to the section steel structure. The upper transmission plane and the lower transmission plane of the transmission chain plate 4.5.2 are horizontal, and the transmission plane of the transmission chain plate 4.5.2 is provided with a number of meshes penetrating the transmission chain plate 4.5.2, and the meshes are used for subsequent delivery of materials Oxygen is introduced inside. Generally, in order to ensure that the material is fully fermented on the transfer unit of the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment, the material will stay in the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment for the required fermentation time, and in a transfer cycle, the transfer unit 4.5 is at any time. The output volume and the input volume in one transmission cycle are the same.

In order to ensure that the material is fully fermented, usually, the distance moved by the conveying unit 4.5 during the conveying cycle is from the feeding port to the discharging port, and it stays still for most of the time, and only completes each stage of movement in a short time. . For example, in this embodiment, the total period of aerobic fermentation of the material in the organic waste biological fermentation reaction device 4 is five days, and on the first day, it enters the transmission plane on the conveyor chain plate 4.5.2 from the feed port. , Move 1/5 of the distance to the discharge port within 20 minutes of the end of the first day, stay at this position until the same time on the second day, and then move 1/5 of the distance to the discharge port until the end of the fifth day within 20 minutes Move completely to the discharge port. Each time the material moves forward, the material moved away from the previous time continues to enter the next batch of materials, until there are materials in and out of the inlet and outlet every day. At this time, the transmission cycle is short and the organic waste can be realized. Continuous production of fermentation reaction equipment 4.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the feed port 4.3 is arranged above the closed silo structure, the bottom of the feed port 4.3 penetrates the top of the closed silo structure and then extends into the closed silo structure. The position of the feed port 4.3 corresponds to the transmission The end position in the length direction of the transmission plane on the unit 4.5; the discharge port 4.4 is set under the closed silo structure, and the upper part of the discharge port 4.4 penetrates the bottom of the closed silo structure and then extends into the closed silo structure. The position of the discharge port 4.4 corresponds to At the end position in the length direction of the lower conveying plane of the conveying unit 4.5, the end position in the length direction of the lower conveying plane is opposite to the end position in the length direction of the upper conveying plane to prevent the fermented material from falling into the organic waste biological fermentation reaction Device 4 bottom. The first driving mechanism 4.5.4 of the transmission unit 4.5 conveys the material from the feed port 4.3 to the discharge port 4.4. In the embodiment shown in the figure, the first driving mechanism 4.5.4 is installed on the frame 4.1 and the housing 4.2. Between the chain drive mechanism.

As shown in Figure 3, the distributing unit 4.6 is arranged between the feed port 4.3 and the transmission unit 4.5, and includes a drive shaft 4.6.1 with a positive spiral blade 4.6.3 and a reverse spiral blade 4.6.4 welded along the axial direction. And the second driving mechanism 4.6.2 for driving the transmission shaft 4.6.1 to rotate; the transmission shaft 4.6.1 is parallel to the support shaft 4.5.1, and the axial ends of the transmission shaft 4.6.1 are respectively connected to the frame by a bearing seat 4.1, and the drive shaft 4.6.1 is axially installed with positive spiral blades 4.6.3 and reverse spiral blades 4.6.4. The length does not exceed the width of the transmission chain plate 4.5.2; the material entering the inlet 4.3 is divided into the feeding unit 4.6 Evenly spread left and right on the upper transmission plane of the transmission unit 4.5 transmission chain plate 4.5.2, and the transmission shaft 4.6.1 ensures the same height of the material stack on the upper transmission plane, which is conducive to the biological drying and fermentation of the material. In the embodiment, the second driving mechanism 4.6.2 is a motor, and the motor is installed at the end of the transmission shaft 4.6.1.

As shown in FIG. 4, the material turning and throwing unit 4.7 is uniformly and spacedly arranged inside the closed silo structure along the length of the closed silo structure, and the material turning and throwing unit 4.7 is installed above the transfer unit 4.5; the material turning and throwing unit 4.7 includes A rotating shaft 4.7.1 of several rotating blades 4.7.3 and a third driving mechanism 4.7.2 for driving the rotating shaft 4.7.1 are arranged along the axial direction; the rotating shaft 4.7.2 is parallel to the transmission shaft 4.6.1 , The axial ends of the rotating shaft 4.7.2 are respectively connected to the skeleton 4.1 with bearing housings; the rotating blade 4.7.3 extends radially along the rotating shaft 4.7.1, and the rotating blade 4.7.3 is set as the rotating shaft 4.7 .1 When rotating, it is in clearance fit with the upper transmission plane of the transmission chain plate 4.5.2 to realize the turning and throwing of the material on the transmission plane; specifically, when the rotating shaft 4.7.1 rotates, the rotating blade 4.7.3 is inserted into the material on the upper transmission plane Realize the turning and throwing of the material inside, to prevent the material from compacting, making the material loose, increasing the porosity of the material, thereby increasing the oxygen in the material, and meeting the aerobic conditions of fermentation; in the embodiment shown in the drawings, the third driving mechanism 4.7. 2 is a hydraulic motor installed at the end of the rotating shaft 4.7.1.

As shown in Figure 5, the temperature and humidity detection unit 4.8 is evenly and spacedly arranged inside the closed storage structure along the length of the closed storage structure, and is installed above the material turning and throwing unit 4.7, including the temperature and humidity sensor 4.8.1 and connected to the temperature The fourth driving mechanism 4.8.2 of the humidity sensor 4.8.1; the fourth driving mechanism 4.82 is used to drive the temperature and humidity sensor 4.8.2 close to the upper transmission plane of the transmission chain plate 4.5.2 when the transmission unit 4.5 is stationary; implementation In the example, the fourth driving mechanism 4.8.2 is a hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder is installed between the frame 4.1 and the housing 4.2. The temperature and humidity sensor 4.8.1 is installed on the head of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder. The temperature and humidity sensor 4.8.1 is inserted into the material stack on the transmission plane of the transmission chain plate 4.5.2, and the temperature and humidity of the material are measured in real time, and the fermentation degree of the material is obtained in real time; when the transmission chain plate 4.5.2 acts, the material is discharged When the port 4.4 is transmitted, the hydraulic cylinder drives the temperature and humidity sensor 4.8.1 to be in a lifted and contracted state. When the transmission chain plate 4.5.2 ends, the hydraulic cylinder starts to drive the temperature and humidity sensor 4.8.1 to insert the material to monitor the temperature and humidity in real time. In addition, to ensure stable movement of the hydraulic cylinder in the embodiment, the temperature and humidity detection unit 4.8 is also provided with a supporting and guiding structure connected to the top of the skeleton, and the movement direction of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed and limited by the supporting and guiding structure.

As shown in Figure 6, the ventilation unit 4.9 includes an exhaust duct 4.9.1, an air supply duct 4.9.2, and a heat exchange device 4.9.3. The exhaust duct 4.9.1 is equipped with an exhaust fan 4.9.4, One end of the exhaust duct 4.9.1 extends into the upper part of the closed silo structure, and the other end is connected to the heat exchange device 4.9.3; the heat exchange device 4.9.3 is installed outside the frame 4.1, and the air outlet of the heat exchange device 4.9.3 runs through The casing 4.2 is connected to the gas purification device arranged on the outside of the closed warehouse structure; the air supply pipe 4.9.2 is equipped with a blower 4.9.5, and the air inlet end of the air supply pipe 4.9.2 penetrates through the casing 4.2 and is connected to the outside Atmospheric environment, the air outlet end extends into the heat exchange device 4.9.3 and connects to the upper part of the closed silo structure; while the ventilation unit 4.9 ferments the material, it sucks away the vaporized water vapor of the material in the closed silo structure to dry the material; At the same time, the heat exchange device 4.9.3 is used to exchange heat between the air supply pipe 4.9.2 and the exhaust pipe 4.9.1, for example, the air supply pipe 4.9.2 runs through the gathering place of the exhaust pipe 4.9.1 or the air supply pipe 4.9. 2 Cross installation with exhaust duct 4.9.1 can realize the heat energy exchange between exhaust duct 4.9.1 and air supply duct 4.9.2, achieve the effect of preheating and waste heat recovery for air supply duct 4.9.2, saving the transfer Wind pipe 4.9.2 heating energy. In the structure shown in Figure 6, the ventilation unit 4.9 is equipped with a plurality of exhaust ducts 4.9.1 that draw air from the closed warehouse structure and are equipped with exhaust fans 4.9.4 respectively, and blow air in the closed warehouse structure with air blowers 4.9. .5 air supply duct 4.9.2. The ventilation unit 4.9 collects the odorous gas produced by fermentation in the closed warehouse structure through the exhaust duct 4.9.1 and centrally exports it to the purification device for purification treatment, avoiding the odor problem caused by traditional open composting.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the aeration unit 4.10 includes an aeration fan 4.10.1 and an aeration pipe 4.10.2 connected to the outlet of the aeration fan 4.10.1, the aeration fan 4.10. 1 Set between the frame 4.1 and the shell 4.2, the air inlet of the aeration fan 4.10.1 penetrates through the shell 4.2 and is connected to the atmosphere; the air outlet of the aeration pipe 4.10.2 extends into the closed warehouse structure, And is located between the upper and lower transmission planes of the transmission chain plate 4.5.2 in the transmission unit 4.5; specifically, the aeration pipe 4.10.2 includes a straight pipe parallel to the length of the transmission unit 4.5, and the straight pipe is uniform and A number of branch pipes 4.10.4 are provided at intervals, and the outlet end of the branch pipe 4.10.4 extends between the two transmission planes of the transmission chain plate 4.5.2 in the transmission unit 4.5, and a number of branch pipes 4.10.4 are used for the transmission chain plate 4.5. 2. Oxygen is supplied to materials at different positions.

The aeration unit 4.10 transmits the gas between the two transmission planes of the transmission chain plate 4.5.2, and the gas enters the material from the bottom of the material through the mesh on the transmission plane to provide sufficient aerobic fermentation of the material on the transmission plane. Oxygen accelerates the fermentation process. In addition, in the embodiment, in order to ensure that the materials have sufficient fermentation efficiency in different seasons, the aeration unit 4.10 is also provided with an intake air heating device 4.10.3 installed on the aeration pipe 4.10.2, and the intake air The heating device 4.10.3 is used to heat the gas passing between the two conveying planes of the conveying chain plate 4.5.2 in the conveying unit 4.5, and the high-temperature hot gas further accelerates the fermentation speed of the material on the conveying plane.

The organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment disclosed in the present invention also includes a control unit that is electrically connected to the transmission unit 4.5, the distributing unit 4.6, the material turning and throwing unit 4.7, the temperature and humidity detection unit 4.8, the ventilation unit 4.9, and the exposure unit respectively. Air unit 4.10, through the control unit to control the action of each structural unit. In some embodiments, the control unit is provided with a display unit, and the detection data of the temperature and humidity sensor 4.8.1 is displayed through the display unit, which is convenient for users to use.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, a number of temperature sensors 4.11 are also provided on the top surface inside the closed bin structure of the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment. The temperature sensors 4.11 are electrically connected to the control unit for measuring organic waste. The temperature of the gas in the biological fermentation reaction device; the control unit is provided with a temperature threshold interval for monitoring the gas in the organic waste biological fermentation reaction device 4, when the temperature sensor 4.11 detects the temperature of the gas in the organic waste biological fermentation reaction device 4 When the temperature exceeds the upper limit of the temperature threshold interval, the control unit controls to start the ventilation unit 4.9; when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the gas inside the organic waste biological fermentation reaction device 4 is lower than the lower limit of the temperature threshold interval, the control unit controls to shut down the ventilation unit 4.9. In an embodiment, the temperature threshold interval is set to 60°C-65°C. When the temperature sensor 4.11 detects that the temperature of the gas in the organic waste biological fermentation reaction device 4 exceeds 65°C, the control unit controls to start the ventilation unit 4.9, The air inside the closed silo structure is exchanged. When the air supply pipe 4.9.2 sends fresh gas into the closed silo structure, the temperature of the gas in the closed silo structure drops, and the temperature sensor 4.11 detects the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment 4 When the temperature of the gas is lower than 60°C, the control unit controls to close the ventilation unit 4.9 at this time, and sets a temperature threshold interval to ensure that the inside of the closed warehouse structure of the organic waste biological fermentation reaction device 4 is always in a good aerobic fermentation environment.

With reference to Figure 8, the present invention further discloses an organic fertilizer production line, including an oil-water separation and sorting platform 1, a crushing and squeezing dryer 2, a biochemical reactor 3, the above-mentioned organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment 4, and a gas purification section And the ingredient packing section; specifically, the oil-water separation and sorting platform 1 includes a picking platform and an oil-water separation device installed under the picking platform. The oil-water separation and sorting platform 1 is used to separate the food waste from solid and liquid to obtain Block materials, oil and water; the feed port of the crushing and squeezing dryer 2 is connected to the oil-water separation and sorting platform 1 for crushing the block materials obtained by the oil-water separation and sorting platform 1 to obtain granular materials; The feed port of the biochemical reactor 3 is connected to the discharge port of the crushing and squeezing dryer 2 for aerobic fermentation of the granular material obtained by the crushing and squeezing dryer 2 to obtain a primary fermentation material; the organic waste biological fermentation The feed port of the reaction device 4 is connected to the feed port of the biochemical reactor 3, and is used to perform a second aerobic fermentation on the primary fermentation material obtained by the biochemical reactor 3 to obtain a secondary fermentation material; the organic waste biological fermentation The gas outlet of the reaction device 4 is connected to the gas purification section, and the discharge port of the organic waste biological fermentation reaction device 4 is connected to the ingredient packing section; the gas purification section is a gas purification system 5 for the biological fermentation reaction of organic waste The peculiar smell gas produced by the aerobic fermentation of the equipment 4 is purified. The ingredient packing section includes a sieving machine 6, a batching machine 7 and a metering packing machine 8 which are connected in sequence. The ingredient packing section is used to process the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment 4 The secondary fermentation materials at the feed opening are screened, distributed, and metered and packaged. In addition, in order to reduce the spillage of odorous gas generated during the conveying and processing of food waste or materials, the oil-water separation and sorting platform 1, the crushing and squeezing machine 2, the biochemical reactor 3, and the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment 4 The airtight conveying mechanism is used to connect between the airtight conveying mechanism, and the combination of the airtight conveying mechanism and the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment 4 is adopted to ensure the reduction of the peculiar smell of the material during the conveying process and the fermentation process, and reduce the pollution to the environment.

Generally, in order to increase the output and manufacturing scale of the organic fertilizer production line, multiple biochemical reactors 3 are generally set up, that is, through a shaftless screw conveyor with a number of discharge channels between the crushing and squeezing dryer 2 and the biochemical reactor 3, Any discharging channel of the shaftless screw conveyor is provided with a pneumatic valve, and any discharging channel is connected to the biochemical reactor 3, and multiple discharging channels are correspondingly provided with a plurality of biochemical reactors 3. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the shaftless screw conveyor is provided with four discharge channels, corresponding to four biochemical reactors 3.

The specific production process of the organic fertilizer production line disclosed in the present invention is as follows: the kitchen waste is first transported by the sanitation truck to the treatment point, first weighed on a platform scale, then recorded the weight, and then driven to the oil-water separation and sorting platform 1 to discharge the bulk materials Pick and filter the oil and water, the filtered oil and water enter the oil-water separation tank for oil-water separation, the separated oil is put into the oil drum, and the water overflows and drains into the sewer; after the picking is completed, the bulk material is transported by the stainless steel closed chain conveyor Enter the crushing and squeezing dryer 2, the main function of the crushing and squeezing dryer 2 is to crush large pieces of material, while reducing the moisture content of the material, providing conditions for aerobic fermentation; the granular material obtained by the crushing and squeezing dryer 2 passes through the Z-type closed conveyor Convey into the shaftless screw conveyor with four discharge ports, each discharge port channel of the shaftless screw conveyor is equipped with a pneumatic gate device, and the material periodically enters the four biochemical reactors 4 for high-temperature aerobic fermentation ; Each biochemical reactor 3 discharge port is equipped with a closed belt conveyor, and each biochemical reactor 3 discharges through the closed belt conveyor and then enters the closed collection belt conveyor, and then is conveyed into the Z type by the closed collection belt conveyor After the airtight conveyor enters the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment 4, the materials are fully fermented for the second time in the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment 4; the materials from the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment 4 after the fermentation is completed are transported by the Z type The machine and the closed belt conveyor are transported into the screening machine 6 for screening. The fine particles under the screen enter the batching machine 7 through the belt conveyor, and the batching machine 7 enters the belt conveyor by adding trace elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and mixing them. The machine is sent to the metering baler 8, where the products are weighed and packaged and stored in the finished product area; the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment 4 is collected by the ventilation unit 4.9 and the exhausted odor gas is directly sent to the gas purification system 5, in the gas purification system 5 The medium passes through the spraying, deodorization and other gas net treatments and then discharges after reaching the standard.

The organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment 4 provided by the present invention has a simple and clear structure. By designing the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment 4 as a closed warehouse structure, on the one hand, materials are fully aerobic fermentation in the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment 4, Eliminate harmful bacteria in the materials; on the other hand, provide a closed fermentation environment for the materials, collect the peculiar smell gas produced by the fermentation through the pipeline and introduce it into the gas purification system for purification before being discharged to protect the surrounding environment. In addition, the organic fertilizer production line uses the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment 4 and the enclosed transmission mechanisms connected to the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment 4 to further reduce the odor gas generated during the aerobic fermentation of food waste to produce organic fertilizer. The diffusion and dissemination of the external environment fully solves the technical problem of uncontrollable peculiar smell gas produced by traditional aerobic fermentation of composting.

Although the present invention has been disclosed as above in preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention belongs can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to what is defined in the claims.

Claims (9)

1. An organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment, characterized in that the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment is provided with a closed warehouse structure composed of a skeleton and a shell covering the outside of the skeleton; the closed warehouse structure further includes a feed Port, discharge port, conveying unit, distributing unit, several material turning and throwing units, several temperature and humidity detection units, ventilation unit and aeration unit;

   The transmission unit is arranged inside the sealed warehouse structure along the length direction of the sealed warehouse structure, and includes a number of parallel and spaced support shafts, a transmission chain plate sleeved on the support shaft, a number of bearing seats for installing the support shaft, and The first driving mechanism that drives the support shaft to rotate; the bearing seat is fixedly connected to the frame, the upper and lower transmission planes of the transmission chain plate are horizontal, and the transmission plane of the transmission chain plate is provided with a plurality of penetrating transmission chain plates Mesh

   The feed port is arranged above the closed silo structure, the bottom of the feed port penetrates the top of the closed silo structure and then extends into the closed silo structure, and the position of the feed port corresponds to the end position of the transmission plane in the length direction of the transmission unit; The discharge port is arranged below the closed silo structure, the upper part of the discharge port penetrates the bottom of the closed silo structure and extends into the inside of the closed silo structure. The position of the discharge port corresponds to the end position in the length direction of the lower transmission plane of the transmission unit. The end position in the length direction of the plane is opposite to the end position in the length direction of the upper transmission plane;

   The feeding unit is arranged between the feed port and the transmission unit, and includes a transmission shaft welded with positive spiral blades and reverse spiral blades along the axial direction, and a second drive mechanism for driving the transmission shaft to rotate; the transmission shafts are parallel On the support shaft, the axial ends of the transmission shaft are respectively connected to the skeleton by bearing seats, and the length of the positive spiral blade and the reverse spiral blade installed in the axial direction of the transmission shaft does not exceed the width of the transmission chain plate;

   The material turning and throwing unit is arranged in the closed silo structure evenly and at intervals along the length of the closed silo structure, and the material turning and throwing unit is installed above the transfer unit; the material turning and throwing unit includes a rotation that is provided with a plurality of rotating blades along the axial direction. A shaft and a third drive mechanism for driving the rotating shaft to rotate; the rotating shaft is parallel to the transmission shaft, and both ends of the rotating shaft are connected to the skeleton by a bearing seat; the rotating blade extends radially along the rotating shaft and rotates The blade is set to be in clearance fit with the upper transmission plane of the transmission chain plate when the rotating shaft rotates to realize the turning and throwing of materials on the transmission plane;

   The temperature and humidity detection unit is uniformly and spacedly arranged inside the closed storage structure along the length direction of the closed storage structure. The temperature and humidity detection unit is installed above the material turning unit and includes a temperature and humidity sensor and a fourth driving mechanism connected to the temperature and humidity sensor The fourth driving mechanism is used to drive the temperature and humidity sensor close to the upper transmission plane of the transmission chain plate when the transmission unit is stationary;

   The ventilation unit includes an exhaust duct, an air supply duct, and a heat exchange device. An exhaust fan is installed on the exhaust duct. One end of the exhaust duct extends into the upper part of the closed warehouse structure, and the other end is connected to the heat exchange device; The heat exchange device is installed on the outside of the frame, and the air outlet of the heat exchange device penetrates the shell and is connected to the gas purification device arranged outside the closed warehouse structure; the air supply pipe is equipped with a blower, and the air inlet end of the air supply pipe penetrates the shell The back of the body is connected to the outside atmosphere, and the air outlet end is extended into the heat exchange device and connected to the upper part of the inside of the closed warehouse structure;

   The aeration unit includes an aeration fan and an aeration pipe connected to the outlet of the aeration fan. The aeration fan is arranged between the frame and the shell. The air inlet of the aeration fan penetrates the shell and communicates with the atmosphere. Environment; The air outlet of the aeration pipe extends into the inside of the closed warehouse structure and is located between the upper and lower transmission planes of the transmission chain plate in the transmission unit.
2. The organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment according to claim 1, wherein the aeration unit further comprises an air inlet heating device arranged on the aeration pipe, and the air inlet heating device is used for conveying The gas between the two transmission planes of the transmission chain plate in the unit is heated.
3. The organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment according to claim 1, wherein the aeration pipe comprises a straight pipe parallel to the length of the conveying unit, and a plurality of branch pipes are evenly and spaced on the straight pipe, and The outlet end of the branch pipe extends between the two transmission planes of the transmission chain plate in the transmission unit.
4. The organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment according to claim 1, further comprising a control unit which is electrically connected to the transmission unit, the distributing unit, the material turning unit, the temperature and humidity detection unit, and the ventilation unit respectively. Unit and aeration unit.
5. The organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of temperature sensors are provided on the top surface of the inside of the closed warehouse structure, and the temperature sensors are electrically connected to the control unit for measuring organic waste. The temperature of the gas in the biological fermentation reaction equipment;

   The control unit is provided with a temperature threshold interval for monitoring the gas in the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment;

   When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the gas inside the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment exceeds the upper limit of the temperature threshold interval, the control unit controls to start the ventilation unit;

   When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the gas inside the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment is lower than the lower limit of the temperature threshold interval, the control unit controls to shut down the ventilation unit.
6. The organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment according to claim 1, wherein the output amount of the transfer unit in any transfer period is the same as the input amount.
7. An organic fertilizer production line, which is characterized by comprising an oil-water separation and sorting platform, a crushing and squeezing dryer, a biochemical reactor, the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment according to any one of claims 1-6, a gas purification section and ingredients Packing section

   The oil-water separation and sorting platform includes a picking platform and an oil-water separation device installed under the picking platform. The oil-water separation and sorting platform is used to separate organic waste from solid and liquid to obtain bulk materials, oil and water; The feed port of the crushing and squeezing machine is connected to the oil-water separation and sorting platform, and is used to crush the bulk materials obtained by the oil-water separation and sorting platform to obtain granular materials; the feed port of the biochemical reactor is connected to the crushing and squeezing The discharge port of the machine is used for aerobic fermentation of the granular material obtained by the crushing and squeezing machine to obtain a primary fermentation material; the feed port of the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment is connected to the discharge port of the biochemical reactor, Used to perform secondary aerobic fermentation on the primary fermentation material obtained by the biochemical reactor to obtain secondary fermentation material; the air outlet of the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment is connected to the gas purification section, and the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment The discharge port is connected to the ingredient packing section; the gas purification section is a gas purification system, and the gas purification system is used to purify the gas produced by the aerobic fermentation of the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment. The ingredient packing section includes sequential connections The sieving machine, batching machine and weighing and packing machine, the batching and packing section is used to screen, distribute and measure and pack the secondary fermentation materials at the discharge port of the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment.
8. The organic fertilizer production line according to claim 7, wherein the oil-water separation and sorting platform, the crushing and squeezing machine, the biochemical reactor and the organic waste biological fermentation reaction equipment are connected by a closed transmission mechanism.
9. The organic fertilizer production line according to claim 7, wherein a shaftless screw conveyor is provided between the crushing and squeezing dryer and the biochemical reactor; the shaftless screw conveyor is provided with a number of discharge channels, so The discharging channel is provided with a pneumatic valve, and any discharging channel is connected to the biochemical reactor.

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