WO2021129819A1 - Procédé de recyclage de déchets de cuisine et système de traitement - Google Patents

Procédé de recyclage de déchets de cuisine et système de traitement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021129819A1
WO2021129819A1 PCT/CN2020/139516 CN2020139516W WO2021129819A1 WO 2021129819 A1 WO2021129819 A1 WO 2021129819A1 CN 2020139516 W CN2020139516 W CN 2020139516W WO 2021129819 A1 WO2021129819 A1 WO 2021129819A1
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Prior art keywords
tank
pyrolysis
gas
pyrolysis liquid
pipe
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PCT/CN2020/139516
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张大伟
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密西西比国际水务有限公司
亚马逊水务有限公司
北京水桑田环保科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2021129819A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021129819A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
    • B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of environmental protection, and specifically relates to a resource utilization method of kitchen waste.
  • the invention also relates to a processing system for implementing the above method.
  • Food waste commonly known as slicks, is the domestic waste formed by residents in the process of daily consumption. It is extremely perishable and degenerates, emits foul smell, and spreads bacteria and viruses.
  • the main components of food waste include food residues, vegetables, animal and vegetable oils, meat bones, etc. From the chemical composition, there are starch, cellulose, protein, lipid and inorganic salt.
  • the main characteristics of kitchen waste are rich in organic matter, high moisture content, and perishable. Its properties and odor will have a bad impact on environmental sanitation, and it is easy to grow bacteria, microorganisms, mycotoxins and other harmful substances.
  • Nutrient-rich food waste is a precious renewable resource, but because it has not been paid attention to, it is usually treated by landfill and other treatment methods, and the disposal method is improper, which has become a potential source of hazards affecting food safety and ecological safety.
  • the main treatment methods of food waste include landfill, composting, incineration and crushing and direct discharge.
  • the landfill method covers a large area and also produces CH 4 , leachate and other pollutants; the composting treatment cycle is long, it will produce NH 3 and greenhouse gases, and the fertilizer quality is not high, so it is difficult to promote; the moisture content of kitchen waste High, it will produce toxic dioxin gas when it is incinerated together with other domestic garbage; while crushing and discharging directly will easily produce sewage and odor, breeding bacteria, mosquitoes and flies.
  • the existing technology requires a diversified and innovative solution.
  • the existing technology is for example the patent ZL201711199255.5 "A Food Waste Treatment Device” It belongs to a simple extrusion method to realize solid-liquid separation of food waste through extrusion, and the separated solid materials are packaged and transported for use.
  • This processing method solves the resource utilization of food waste, it is for some food wastes. After the garbage is processed, it is powerless to cut and crush to produce granular food waste treatment materials.
  • the key to the problem is that it cannot be directly discharged after crushing and cutting. It should be fully utilized and effectively utilized. Therefore, it is necessary to study a method that can both squeeze and squeeze. It is particularly necessary for a piece of food waste to maintain the physical and chemical properties of the solid substances in the solid-liquid mixture, and to cut and crush the solidified particles of the food waste with special needs, and to achieve resource utilization methods and processing equipment are particularly necessary.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a resource utilization method of kitchen waste.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a processing system that implements the above method.
  • the separated residues are selected from scrap metal, waste plastics, bones, glass, and ceramics; the bones are processed into bone meal and packaged for sale, and waste plastics are packaged for sale.
  • the remaining food residues are pulverized, dehydrated, and dried and then subjected to dry distillation;
  • the separated liquid is further separated into bio-oil, fine residue and sewage; the bio-oil is stored, the fine residue is converted into biochar by dry distillation, and the biogas produced after the sewage is anaerobic treated is used as the fuel for the dry distillation unit after desulfurization. ;
  • the slag material in step 2 is sorted by photoelectric, eddy current, and electromagnetic.
  • the sewage separated in step 3 is subjected to anaerobic treatment, aerobic treatment and adsorption treatment.
  • step 4 is to dry the biogas residue with a moisture content of 80% to a moisture content of less than 30%.
  • the processing system provided by the present invention for realizing the above-mentioned method for resource utilization of restaurant and kitchen waste includes:
  • a pretreatment workshop with a high-level dumping platform After being transported by a vehicle that collects and transporting food waste to the treatment site, it is dumped into the receiving hopper through the high-level dumping platform;
  • Rotary drum screen used to transport the food waste in the receiving hopper for hydraulic cleaning and preliminary separation
  • Photoelectric, eddy current and electromagnetic sorting devices are used to further sort out scrap metal, waste plastics, bones, glass and ceramics from the initially separated slag;
  • Bone grinder used to process the bones separated by photoelectric, eddy current and electromagnetic sorting devices into bone meal and pack it;
  • Residue crusher, dehydrator and dryer used to crush, dehydrate and dry the food residue separated by photoelectric, eddy current and electromagnetic sorting devices into the dry distillation device;
  • the rotating drum screen is connected to the rotating fine grid, grease trap and three-phase centrifuge, and the liquid screened by the rotating drum screen is further separated into biological grease, wood vinegar, fine residue, and sewage; the biological grease in it enters the storage Oil tank storage, wood vinegar liquid is sent to the wood vinegar liquid tank for storage, and the fine residue is dried into the dry distillation device;
  • Anaerobic inlet tank and anaerobic reactor are used for anaerobic treatment of the sewage produced in the whole process, and the biogas produced after the treatment is desulfurized and used as the fuel of the retort unit;
  • Aerobic processor Aerobic processor, magnetic flocculation processor, activated coke filter adsorption deep processor, reverse osmosis processor, used to perform aerobic treatment, magnetic flocculation treatment, activated coke filter adsorption for the diving after the anaerobic reactor After deep treatment and reverse osmosis treatment, meet the discharge standards;
  • the biochar silo is used to store the biochar that is transformed into after dry distillation
  • Dry distillation pyrolysis gas treatment device which is used to process the pyrolysis gas generated in the dry distillation process of food waste through the condensate spray tank and gas processing box, and then recover the combustible gas and pyrolysis liquid, and the combustible gas is transported
  • the dry distillation device is used as fuel, the pyrolysis liquid is delivered to the pyrolysis liquid tank;
  • Dry distillation pyrolysis gas processing device includes: dry distillation device, pyrolysis liquid spray tank, gas processing box, safety water tank, pyrolysis liquid tank, cooling circulating water tank, induced draft fan, pyrolysis liquid spray tank air inlet, hoisting hole, Inspection port, cooling water pipe, pyrolysis liquid spray pipe, pyrolysis liquid spray tank drain pipe, cooling water outlet pipe, cooling water inlet pipe, gas treatment tank drain pipe, tank body, pyrolysis liquid tank inlet, heat Solution transfer pump, pyrolysis solution overflow pipe, pyrolysis solution settling tank, cooling circulating water tank return pipe, cooling water circulating pump, combustible gas outlet, explosion vent, inspection port, overflow port, sewage pipe, water supply pipe, safety Water tank air inlet, second connecting pipe, gas processing box explosion vent, gas processing box air inlet, first connecting pipe, pyrolysis liquid spray pipe air inlet, dry distillation device pyrolysis gas outlet and pyrolysis liquid spray Explosion vent of the shower tank.
  • the pyrolysis gas generated by the dry distillation device in the process of processing food waste is used by the induced fan to enter the pyrolysis liquid spray tank and the gas processing box in turn; after the pyrolysis gas is processed, the combustible gas It is discharged from the combustible gas outlet of the gas processing tank; the pyrolysis liquid is transported to the pyrolysis liquid tank through the pipeline through the pyrolysis liquid spray tank discharge port and the gas processing tank discharge pipe; the pyrolysis liquid in the pyrolysis liquid tank passes through the heat
  • the pyrolysis solution delivery pump delivers to the pyrolysis solution spray pipe of the pyrolysis solution spray tank.
  • the pyrolysis liquid spray tank is composed of a tank body, a pyrolysis liquid spray pipe, an air inlet of the pyrolysis liquid spray tank, an air outlet of the pyrolysis liquid spray tank, and a pyrolysis liquid spray tank.
  • the pyrolysis gas firstly enters the pyrolysis liquid spray tank through the air inlet of the pyrolysis liquid spray tank through the pyrolysis gas outlet of the carbonization device of the dry distillation unit, and the pyrolysis gas passes through the pyrolysis liquid spray.
  • the pyrolysis liquid is discharged from the pyrolysis liquid spray tank drain pipe at the bottom of the pyrolysis liquid spray tank and transported to the pyrolysis liquid tank.
  • the pyrolysis gas is sprayed by the pyrolysis liquid on the top of the pyrolysis liquid spray tank.
  • the air outlet of the shower tank is transported to the air inlet of the gas processing box through the first connecting pipe to enter the gas processing box.
  • the gas processing box is composed of a cooling water pipe, a gas processing box air inlet, a combustible gas outlet, a gas processing box explosion vent, a second connecting pipe, a cooling water outlet pipe, a cooling water inlet pipe, and gas processing
  • the tank is composed of a liquid discharge pipe and an induced draft fan; the cooling water inlet pipe is connected to the cooling circulating water tank through the cooling water circulating pump; the cooling water pipe is connected to the cooling circulating water tank return pipe of the cooling circulating water tank through the cooling water outlet pipe; the gas treatment tank explosion vent passes through the No.
  • the connecting pipe is connected with the air inlet of the safety water tank; the combustible gas generated after the pyrolysis gas is processed by the gas processing box is discharged through the combustible gas outlet on the upper part of the gas processing box as fuel for recycling; the pyrolysis gas passes through the gas processing box The pyrolysis liquid produced after processing is transported to the pyrolysis liquid tank through the gas processing tank drain pipe at the lower part of the gas processing tank.
  • the safety water tank is composed of a tank body, a safety water tank air inlet, an explosion vent, a water supply pipe, an overflow outlet, a sewage pipe, and an inspection port; the water level in the safety water tank is 85% of the height of the safety water tank ,
  • the safety water tank inlet pipe is connected to the gas treatment tank explosion vent and the pyrolysis liquid spray tank explosion vent through the second connecting pipe, the safety water tank inlet pipe goes deep into the water, and the water seal prevents air from flowing into the gas treatment tank; when pyrolysis When the combustible gas in the liquid spray tank or gas treatment tank undergoes backfire and deflagration, the gas produced by the deflagration enters the safety water tank through the second connecting pipe through the pyrolysis liquid spray tank vent or the gas treatment tank explosion vent.
  • the water in the safety water tank is discharged through the explosion vent of the safety water tank; after the pressure generated by the explosive gas is discharged through the explosion vent of the safety water tank, the safety water tank removes the water in the safety water tank through the water supply pipe. The water level is restored to the original water level.
  • the various substances in the food waste can be classified, decomposed and used as resources to the greatest extent, and the various substances in it can be fully converted into resources that can be reused.
  • the following products are produced and recycled: bone meal, waste plastics, scrap metal, biomass oil, pyrolysis liquid, biochar, biogas, etc.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the process of resource utilization of food waste in the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a side view of the pyrolysis gas processing device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a top view of the pyrolysis gas treatment device of the present invention.
  • the separated slag material is subjected to magnetic separation, eddy current separation and photoelectric separation to select scrap metal, waste plastics, bones, glass, ceramics, etc.; the bones are processed into bone powder by crushing and other processing equipment to be packaged and sold.
  • the baler is packaged and sold, glass ceramics are processed into grass-planting bricks, and the scrap metal is separately recovered.
  • the remaining food residue is crushed, dehydrated, and dried, and then enters the dry distillation device;
  • the liquid screened by the rotating drum screen is further separated into biological grease, fine residue and sewage through the rotating fine grid, grease trap, and three-phase centrifuge; the biological grease enters the oil storage tank for storage, and the fine residue enters after being dried. Dry distillation device;
  • the pyrolysis gas generated in the dry distillation process is separated into combustible gas by the dry distillation pyrolysis gas treatment device, and the combustible gas is sent to the dry distillation unit as fuel; the remaining liquid is separated by the oil-water separator and the three-phase centrifuge to separate the crude oil and the pyrolysis liquid. They are respectively sent to oil storage tank and pyrolysis liquid tank for storage.
  • Spraying will produce a large amount of sewage and cannot recover the pyrolysis liquid
  • the pyrolysis gas treatment equipment has the risk of backfire and explosion.
  • the present invention solves the problems of blockage of condensing equipment, sewage generation, inability to recover pyrolysis liquid, tempering explosion, etc. during the process of dry distillation pyrolysis gas treatment.
  • a dry distillation pyrolysis gas treatment device which is used to treat the pyrolysis gas generated in the dry distillation process of food waste through a condensate spray tank and a gas processing box, and then recover the combustible gas and pyrolysis liquid therein.
  • the fuel gas is delivered to the dry distillation device as fuel, and the pyrolysis liquid is delivered to the pyrolysis liquid tank.
  • the dry distillation pyrolysis gas processing device of the present invention includes: dry distillation device 1, pyrolysis liquid spray tank 2, gas processing box 3, safety water tank 4, pyrolysis liquid tank 5, cooling Circulating water tank 6, induced draft fan 7, pyrolysis liquid spray tank air inlet 8, lifting hole 9, inspection port 10, cooling water pipe 11, pyrolysis liquid spray pipe 12, pyrolysis liquid spray tank drain pipe 13, Cooling water outlet pipe 14, cooling water inlet pipe 15, gas processing tank discharge pipe 16, box body 17, pyrolysis liquid tank inlet 18, pyrolysis liquid transfer pump 19, pyrolysis liquid overflow pipe 20, pyrolysis liquid sedimentation Pool 21, cooling circulating water tank return pipe 22, cooling water circulating pump 23, combustible gas outlet 24, explosion vent 25, inspection port 26, overflow port 27, sewage pipe 28, water supply pipe 29, safety water tank air inlet 30, No.
  • the spray tank is composed of an explosion vent 37.
  • the pyrolysis gas generated by the dry distillation device 1 in the process of processing food waste is used by the induced fan 7 to enter the pyrolysis liquid spray tank 2 and the gas processing box 3 in turn; after the pyrolysis gas is processed, the combustible gas is discharged from the gas processing box The combustible gas outlet 24 of 3 is discharged; the pyrolysis liquid is transported to the pyrolysis liquid tank 5 through the pipeline through the pyrolysis liquid spray tank discharge port 13 and the gas processing tank discharge pipe 16; the pyrolysis liquid in the pyrolysis liquid tank 5
  • the pyrolysis liquid spray tank 2 consists of the tank body, the pyrolysis liquid spray pipe 12, the pyrolysis liquid spray tank air inlet 8, the pyrolysis liquid spray tank outlet 35, and the pyrolysis liquid spray tank drain pipe 13. , Consists of 10 inspection ports.
  • the pyrolysis gas firstly enters the body of the pyrolysis liquid spray tank 2 through the pyrolysis liquid spray tank inlet 8 of the pyrolysis liquid spray pipe 12 through the pyrolysis gas outlet 36 of the dry distillation device of the carbonization device 1, and After the gas is treated by the pyrolysis liquid spray tank 2, the pyrolysis liquid is discharged from the pyrolysis liquid spray tank drain pipe 13 at the bottom of the pyrolysis liquid spray tank 2 and transported to the pyrolysis liquid tank 5.
  • the gas outlet 35 of the pyrolysis liquid spray tank on the top of the liquid spray tank 2 is transported to the gas treatment tank inlet 33 of the gas treatment tank 3 through the first connecting pipe 34 to enter the gas treatment tank 3.
  • the gas processing box 3 consists of a cooling water pipe 11, a gas processing box air inlet 33, a combustible gas outlet 24, a gas processing box explosion vent 32, a second connecting pipe 31, a cooling water pipe 11, a cooling water outlet pipe 14, and a cooling water inlet pipe 15.
  • the gas processing box is composed of a liquid discharge pipe 16, an induced draft fan 7.
  • the cooling water inlet pipe 15 of the cooling water pipe 11 is connected to the cooling circulating water tank 6 through the cooling water circulating pump 23; the cooling water pipe 11 is connected to the cooling circulating water tank return pipe 22 of the cooling circulating water tank 6 through the cooling water outlet pipe 14; the explosion vent of the gas processing tank 32 is connected to the safety water tank air inlet 30 of the safety water tank 4 through the second connecting pipe 31; the combustible gas generated after the pyrolysis gas is processed by the gas treatment tank 3 is discharged through the combustible gas outlet 24 on the upper part of the gas treatment tank 3 as fuel recovery Utilization; The pyrolysis liquid generated after the pyrolysis gas is processed by the gas processing tank 3 is transported to the pyrolysis liquid tank 5 through the gas processing tank drain pipe 16 at the lower part of the gas processing tank 3.
  • the safety water tank 4 is composed of a box body, a safety water tank air inlet 30, an explosion vent 25, a water supplement pipe 29, an overflow port 27, a sewage pipe 28, and an inspection port 26.
  • the water level in the safety water tank 4 is 85% of the height of the safety water tank 4.
  • the safety water tank inlet pipe 30 is connected to the gas processing tank explosion vent 32 and the pyrolysis liquid spray tank explosion vent 37 through the second connecting pipe 31, and the safety water tank enters
  • the air pipe 30 goes deep into the water, and the water seal prevents air from flowing into the gas processing box 4.
  • the gas produced by the deflagration is sprayed through the pyrolysis liquid
  • the explosion vent 37 of the shower tank or the explosion vent 32 of the gas processing box enters the safety water tank 4 through the second connecting pipe 31, and the water in the safety water tank 4 is drained out through the explosion vent 25 of the safety water tank under the action of the instantaneous pressure of the gas , So as to achieve the effect of pressure relief, avoid the blast gas from causing damage to the gas processing box 4 and the pyrolysis liquid spray tank 2, and ensure the safe and stable operation of the facility.
  • the safety water tank 4 restores the water level in the safety water tank 4 to the original water level through the water supply pipe 29.
  • the dry distillation pyrolysis gas treatment device of the present invention can not only process the pyrolysis gas generated by dry distillation of food waste, but also can treat dry distillation of domestic garbage, sewage treatment plant sludge, livestock manure, industrial organic solid waste, organic hazardous waste, Pyrolysis gas generated in the process of waste oil residue, waste paint bucket, oily sludge, etc.

Abstract

Un procédé de recyclage de déchets de cuisine et un système de traitement qui utilise ledit procédé, le procédé consistant : 1) à réaliser un nettoyage hydraulique et une séparation préliminaire sur des déchets de cuisine; 2) à sélectionner des déchets métalliques, des déchets plastiques, des os, du verre, et de la céramique à partir de la matière résiduelle séparée, à transformer des os en farine d'os et à conditionner cette dernière en vue de sa vente, à conditionner des déchets plastiques en vue de leur vente, et à soumettre la matière résiduelle alimentaire restante à une distillation sèche après broyage, déshydratation et séchage; 3) à séparer en outre l'huile biologique, du résidu fin, et des eaux usées à partir du liquide séparé, à stocker l'huile biologique, à réaliser une distillation sèche sur le résidu fin pour le convertir en charbon de biomasse, et à utiliser biogaz produit après la réalisation d'un traitement anaérobie sur les eaux usées comme combustible d'une unité de distillation sèche après avoir été soumis à une désulfuration; 4) à réaliser une distillation sèche sur le résidu de biogaz après son séchage; et 5) à condenser du gaz de distillation sèche produit pendant la distillation sèche, à séparer un gaz combustible destiné à servir de combustible pour unité de distillation sèche, et à soumettre du liquide restant à une séparation huile-eau afin de séparer l'huile de biomasse et l'acide pyroligneux.
PCT/CN2020/139516 2019-12-26 2020-12-25 Procédé de recyclage de déchets de cuisine et système de traitement WO2021129819A1 (fr)

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CN201911371932.6A CN111408601A (zh) 2019-12-26 2019-12-26 一种餐厨垃圾资源化利用方法和处理系统
CN201911371932.6 2019-12-26

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Cited By (3)

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CN113441531A (zh) * 2021-07-26 2021-09-28 中国环境保护集团有限公司 餐厨垃圾预处理系统及方法
CN114308981A (zh) * 2021-12-27 2022-04-12 上海工程技术大学 一种超临界水处理湿垃圾多联产综合利用系统及处理工艺
CN115090651A (zh) * 2022-06-13 2022-09-23 中国科学院广州能源研究所 一种含杂厨余垃圾综合处理的方法

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CN111408601A (zh) * 2019-12-26 2020-07-14 密西西比国际水务有限公司 一种餐厨垃圾资源化利用方法和处理系统

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113441531A (zh) * 2021-07-26 2021-09-28 中国环境保护集团有限公司 餐厨垃圾预处理系统及方法
CN114308981A (zh) * 2021-12-27 2022-04-12 上海工程技术大学 一种超临界水处理湿垃圾多联产综合利用系统及处理工艺
CN115090651A (zh) * 2022-06-13 2022-09-23 中国科学院广州能源研究所 一种含杂厨余垃圾综合处理的方法
CN115090651B (zh) * 2022-06-13 2023-06-09 中国科学院广州能源研究所 一种含杂厨余垃圾综合处理的方法

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