WO2021129648A1 - 一种上行同步方法、终端、以及基站 - Google Patents

一种上行同步方法、终端、以及基站 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021129648A1
WO2021129648A1 PCT/CN2020/138551 CN2020138551W WO2021129648A1 WO 2021129648 A1 WO2021129648 A1 WO 2021129648A1 CN 2020138551 W CN2020138551 W CN 2020138551W WO 2021129648 A1 WO2021129648 A1 WO 2021129648A1
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Prior art keywords
duration
satellite
terminal
distance
base station
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PCT/CN2020/138551
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
高珂增
方冬梅
王新玲
李华栋
鲁志兵
杨芸霞
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海能达通信股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2021129648A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021129648A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/0005—Synchronisation arrangements synchronizing of arrival of multiple uplinks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
    • H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
    • H04B7/18519—Operations control, administration or maintenance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/001—Synchronization between nodes
    • H04W56/0015—Synchronization between nodes one node acting as a reference for the others

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular to an uplink synchronization method, terminal, and base station.
  • low-orbit satellites are used to achieve wireless communication. Because the satellite and the earth are asynchronous, there is a situation where the satellite and the earth move at a relatively high speed, with a speed of about 8km per second. It is equivalent to that the wireless cell is moving fast. Even though the terminal is stationary on the earth, it is still moving at a high speed relative to the cell. In addition, because the coverage area of the satellite communication system cell is as many as thousands of kilometers, it causes the problem of misalignment of uplink data.
  • the uplink scheduling information sent by the base station will have a delay when it arrives at the satellite, and then the satellite is sent to the terminals in different locations in the cell. Because the distance from the satellite is different, the terminals in different locations receive the uplink scheduling information. Time is different.
  • UE0 is the terminal closer to the satellite, referred to as near-point UE0
  • the distance between UE1 and the satellite is greater than the distance between UE0 and the satellite, referred to as midpoint UE1
  • UEx is the terminal that is in the cell farthest from the satellite.
  • the terminal at the location point is referred to as the farthest point UEx (it may be a virtual terminal that does not exist).
  • the time for each terminal to receive the uplink scheduling information is different, so based on the uplink scheduling information, the uplink is sent.
  • the data time is also different, and the time for the sent uplink data to reach the satellite and the base station is also different. Because the cell coverage is large, the time difference between the uplink data of different terminals to reach the base station usually exceeds the length of a time unit (such as a time slot). Therefore, the receiving time of the uplink data of the same uplink scheduling information by the base station is not aligned.
  • the present application provides an uplink synchronization method, a terminal, and a base station, with the purpose of solving the problem that the receiving time of the uplink data of the same uplink scheduling information by the base station is not aligned in a communication system.
  • An uplink synchronization method includes:
  • the terminal acquires the duration, the duration is determined according to the difference between the first duration and the second duration, the first duration is the duration for the preset signal to be transmitted from the terminal to the satellite, and the second duration is the preset signal The time used for transmission from the terminal at the farthest point to the satellite, where the farthest point is the point farthest from the satellite within the coverage of the cell where the terminal is located;
  • the terminal After receiving the uplink scheduling information, the terminal delays the period of time and sends the uplink data of the uplink scheduling information.
  • the method for calculating the difference between the first duration and the second duration includes:
  • the distance difference is the difference between the first distance and the second distance
  • the first distance is the distance between the terminal at the farthest point and the satellite
  • the second distance is the The distance between the terminal and the satellite
  • the first distance is determined according to the position information of the farthest point
  • the quotient of the distance difference and the speed of light is calculated to obtain the difference between the first duration and the second duration.
  • the acquisition duration includes:
  • the sum of twice the difference between the first duration and the second duration and the processing delay of the terminal at the farthest point is used as the duration.
  • the obtaining the location information of the farthest point includes:
  • the position information of the farthest point is calculated in the following way: the position information of the satellite is obtained according to the ephemeris information of the satellite; the coverage area of the cell is calculated according to the antenna inclination and beam range of the satellite Curve equation; calculate the coordinates of the point furthest from the satellite on the curve equation according to the position information of the satellite.
  • An uplink synchronization method includes:
  • the base station acquires the duration, the duration is determined according to the third duration and the fourth duration, the third duration is the duration for the preset signal to be transmitted from the terminal at the farthest point to the satellite, and the farthest point is where the terminal is located In the coverage area of the cell of, at the point furthest from the satellite, the fourth duration is the duration for the preset signal to be transmitted from the satellite to the base station;
  • the base station After sending the uplink scheduling information, the base station delays the time period to receive the uplink data of the uplink scheduling information.
  • the method for obtaining the third duration includes:
  • the method for obtaining the fourth duration includes:
  • the acquisition duration includes:
  • the sum of twice the third duration and twice the fourth duration is used as the duration; or,
  • the sum of twice the third duration, twice the fourth duration, and the processing delay of the terminal at the farthest point is used as the duration.
  • the obtaining the location information of the farthest point includes:
  • the coordinates of the point farthest from the satellite on the curve equation are calculated.
  • a terminal includes a memory and a processor, the memory is used to store a program, and the processor is used to run the program to execute the uplink synchronization method.
  • a base station includes a memory and a processor, the memory is used to store a program, and the processor is used to run the program to execute the uplink synchronization method.
  • the terminal obtains the duration, which is determined according to the difference between the first duration and the second duration.
  • the first duration is the duration of the preset signal transmission from the terminal to the satellite
  • the second duration is the duration of the preset signal from the highest The time taken by the terminal at the far point to transmit to the satellite.
  • the farthest point is the point farthest from the satellite within the coverage of the cell where the terminal is located.
  • the terminal delays for a period of time to send the uplink data of the uplink scheduling information.
  • the base station acquires the time length, which is determined according to the third time length and the fourth time length.
  • the third time length is the time taken for the preset signal to be transmitted from the terminal at the farthest point to the satellite.
  • the farthest point is within the coverage area of the cell where the terminal is located.
  • the fourth duration is the duration for the preset signal to be transmitted from the base station to the satellite. After the base station sends the uplink scheduling information, it delays for a period of time to receive the uplink data corresponding to the uplink scheduling information.
  • the other terminals after receiving the uplink scheduling information, the other terminals all take the uplink data transmission time of the terminal farthest from the satellite as a reference, and extend the transmission time so that all terminals send
  • the uplink data can be received by the satellite at the same time, and the base station can receive the uplink data corresponding to the same uplink scheduling information within a time range.
  • the base station also estimates the receiving time of the uplink data based on the time length of the uplink data sent by the terminal at the farthest point, so that the uplink data can be accurately received when the terminal adjusts the uplink data upload mechanism.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a satellite communication system provided by an embodiment of this application;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an uplink synchronization method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a specific implementation manner of obtaining time length by a terminal according to an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a specific implementation manner for a terminal to obtain location information of the farthest point according to an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a coordinate system of a satellite communication system provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another uplink synchronization method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a specific implementation manner for obtaining time length by a base station according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a specific implementation manner for a base station to obtain location information of a second terminal according to an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an uplink synchronization device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another uplink synchronization apparatus provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • the time for each terminal to receive the uplink scheduling information is different. Therefore, based on the uplink scheduling information, the time for sending the uplink data is different, and the time for the transmitted uplink data to reach the satellite and the base station is also different.
  • the difference is that because the cell coverage is large, the time difference between the uplink data of different terminals to reach the base station usually exceeds the length of one time unit, so that the base station's receiving time of the uplink data corresponding to the same uplink scheduling information is not aligned.
  • the embodiments of this application respectively provide an uplink synchronization method for the terminal and the base station, so that the base station can receive the same uplink scheduling information.
  • the receiving time of the upstream data is aligned.
  • an uplink synchronization method provided by an embodiment of this application which is applied to a terminal (hereinafter referred to as a first terminal), includes the following steps:
  • S201 The first terminal obtains the duration.
  • the duration is determined according to the difference between the first duration and the second duration.
  • the first duration is the duration for the preset signal to be transmitted from the first terminal to the satellite
  • the second duration is the preset signal from the terminal at the farthest point (hereinafter referred to as The second terminal) is the length of time used for transmission to the satellite
  • the farthest point is the point farthest from the satellite within the coverage of the cell where the first terminal is located.
  • the second terminal may be a virtual terminal, that is, a terminal that does not exist in reality, but it is assumed that there is a terminal that performs signal transmission with the satellite at the position of the farthest point.
  • the second terminal may also be a real terminal, that is, a terminal happens to exist at the farthest point.
  • the second terminal processes the uplink data of the uplink scheduling information, there may be a processing delay.
  • the duration is determined not only based on the difference between the first duration and the second duration, but also based on the processing delay of the second terminal.
  • the processing delay of the second terminal can be set by a technician according to actual conditions.
  • the average processing delay of other terminals in the same wireless communication cell is used as the processing delay of the second terminal.
  • the time taken for the preset signal to be transmitted from the first terminal to the satellite can be determined.
  • the time length can be obtained by measuring the time stamp measurement method.
  • the duration of the one-way transmission of the preset signal from the first terminal to the satellite is the duration of the one-way transmission of the preset signal from the satellite to the first terminal.
  • the manner in which the first terminal obtains the duration includes: taking twice the difference between the first duration and the second duration as the duration, or taking twice the difference between the first duration and the second duration and the first duration.
  • the sum of the processing delays of the two terminals is used as the duration.
  • the specific calculation process of the difference between the first duration and the second duration can refer to the steps shown in FIG. 3 below and the corresponding explanations of the steps.
  • the first terminal After receiving the uplink scheduling information, the first terminal delays the acquired time length, and sends uplink data corresponding to the uplink scheduling information.
  • the base station sends uplink scheduling information to the first terminal through satellite communication.
  • the first terminal After receiving the uplink scheduling information sent by the satellite, the first terminal sends uplink data of the uplink scheduling information to the base station through satellite communication.
  • This process is in the field. Common knowledge familiar to technicians. Since the first terminal delays the acquired time after receiving the uplink scheduling information, the uplink data sent by the first terminal and the second terminal can be received by the satellite at the same time. Then, the satellite sends the uplink data sent by the first terminal and the second terminal to the base station at the same time. Therefore, the base station can synchronously receive the uplink data sent by the first terminal and the second terminal, that is, the base station can synchronously receive the first terminal. Uplink data sent by each terminal in the communication cell where it is located.
  • the first terminal acquires the duration, which is determined according to the difference between the first duration and the second duration.
  • the first duration is the duration of the preset signal transmission from the first terminal to the satellite
  • the second duration is the preset duration.
  • the time taken for the signal to be transmitted from the second terminal to the satellite, and the farthest point is the point farthest from the satellite within the coverage area of the cell where the first terminal is located.
  • the first terminal delays for a period of time and sends uplink data corresponding to the uplink scheduling information.
  • a schematic diagram of a specific implementation manner for obtaining duration of a terminal provided in an embodiment of this application includes the following steps:
  • the position information of the farthest point (the farthest point may have a real terminal or a virtual terminal, that is, the second terminal described in this application) can be determined based on the ephemeris information, antenna inclination angle and beam range of the satellite.
  • the ephemeris information specifically refers to the predetermined location of the satellite at any time.
  • the antenna tilt angle and the beam range are common knowledge familiar to those skilled in the art, and will not be repeated here.
  • the location information of the second terminal sent by the base station can also be received.
  • the distance difference is the difference between the first distance and the second distance
  • the first distance is the distance between the second terminal and the satellite
  • the second distance is the distance between the first terminal and the satellite
  • the first distance is based on the farthest point
  • the location information is ok.
  • the first distance is determined according to the position information of the second terminal and the position information of the satellite. Specifically, in the preset coordinate system, the distance between the position coordinates of the second terminal and the position coordinates of the satellite is the first distance. A distance. The distance between the position coordinates of the first terminal and the position coordinates of the satellite is the second distance. The calculation process of the difference between the first distance and the second distance is shown in formula (1).
  • Dmax is the first distance
  • Distance x->s is the second distance
  • (x 0 , y 0 , z 0 ) is the coordinates of the satellite
  • (x 1 , y 1 , z 1 ) is the first distance
  • the coordinates of the second terminal, (x 2 , y 2 , z 2 ) are the coordinates of the first terminal.
  • S303 Calculate the quotient of the distance difference and the speed of light to obtain the difference between the first duration and the second duration.
  • ⁇ t is the difference between the first duration and the second duration
  • c is the speed of light
  • the calculation method for obtaining the difference between the first duration and the second duration in this embodiment of the application is not limited to the specific implementation process shown in S302 and S303, and can also be obtained by calculating the quotient of the first distance and the speed of light respectively.
  • the first time length and the quotient of the second distance and the speed of light are calculated to obtain the second time length, and then ⁇ t is obtained by calculating the difference between the first time length and the second time length.
  • S304 Use the sum of twice the difference between the first duration and the second duration and the processing delay as the duration.
  • twice the difference between the first duration and the second duration means: the time required for the preset signal to be transmitted back and forth from the first terminal to the satellite, and the preset signal is transmitted back and forth from the second terminal to the satellite The difference in time required.
  • the specific value of the processing time delay is set by the technician according to the actual situation, and the calculation process of the time length is shown in formula (3).
  • s is the duration and k is the processing delay.
  • the duration acquired by the first terminal is not limited to the duration acquired in S304, and twice the difference between the first duration and the second duration can also be directly used as the duration acquired by the first terminal.
  • the distance difference is calculated by obtaining the position information of the farthest point.
  • the distance difference is the difference between the first distance and the second distance
  • the first distance is the distance between the second terminal and the satellite
  • the second distance It is the distance between the first terminal and the satellite
  • the first distance is determined according to the position information of the second terminal. Calculate the quotient of the distance difference and the speed of light, and get the difference between the first duration and the second duration.
  • the sum of twice the difference between the first duration and the second duration and the processing delay is used as the duration.
  • the time length obtained by the first terminal is only an approximate calculation.
  • the distance between the satellite and the plane where the wireless communication cell is located (equivalent to the distance from the satellite to the ground) needs to be calculated separately according to the angle of the satellite orbit, and the time length is recalculated according to the steps shown in FIG. 3.
  • the specific implementation process of calculating the distance between the satellite and the plane of the wireless communication cell based on the angle of the satellite orbit is common knowledge familiar to those skilled in the art, and will not be repeated here.
  • the process of calculating the difference between the first time length and the second time length may also be to first calculate the quotient of the first distance and the speed of light, and then calculate the difference between the two, and then calculate the difference between the two and the quotient of the first distance and the speed of light.
  • the sum of processing delays, as the duration, the specific calculation process is similar to the previous method, so I won't repeat it here.
  • a schematic diagram of a specific implementation manner for obtaining the location information of the farthest point includes the following steps:
  • S401 Obtain the position information of the satellite according to the ephemeris information of the satellite.
  • the antenna tilt angle and beam range of the satellite can be pre-configured by the technicians according to the actual situation. Since the beam range of the satellite is elliptical, that is to say, the curve equation of the cell coverage is actually the curve equation of the ellipse.
  • the satellite is 1175km from the ground
  • the coordinates of the line connecting the satellite and the center of the earth are (0,0,0)
  • the coordinates of the satellite are (0,0,1175)
  • the antenna tilt angle of the satellite is 0°
  • the beam range The specific shape of is an ellipse
  • the coordinate of the beam center (the center of the ellipse) is (450,0,0)
  • the width of the beam scan is 1000km in the east-west direction
  • the length of the scan is 60km in the north-south direction.
  • the ellipse Since the beam range is elliptical, the ellipse is short
  • the coordinates of the two vertices of the axis are A (-420, 0, 0) and B (-480, 0, 0), and the coordinates of the two vertices of the long axis are C (-450, 60, 0) and D (-450, -60) ,0).
  • the curve equation of the coverage of the cell is the ellipse curve equation, and the curve equation is shown in formula (4).
  • S403 Calculate the coordinates of the point farthest from the satellite on the curve equation according to the position information of the satellite.
  • the first terminal obtains the position information of the satellite according to the ephemeris information of the satellite.
  • the curve equation of the coverage area of the cell is calculated.
  • the coordinates of the point farthest from the satellite on the curve equation that is, the coordinates of the second terminal described in this application. It can be seen that the first terminal can calculate the position information of the second terminal based on the pre-configured satellite position information, antenna tilt angle, and beam range.
  • an uplink synchronization method provided by an embodiment of this application, applied to a base station includes the following steps:
  • S601 The base station obtains the duration.
  • the time length is determined according to the third time length and the fourth time length.
  • the third time length is the time taken for the preset signal to be transmitted from the terminal at the farthest point (that is, the second terminal described in this application) to the satellite, and the farthest point is the first In the coverage area of a cell where a terminal is located, at the point farthest from the satellite, the fourth duration is the duration for the preset signal to be transmitted from the base station to the satellite.
  • the distance between the base station and the satellite can be calculated. Therefore, the quotient of the distance between the base station and the satellite and the speed of light can be calculated, Obtain the first quotient value, and use the first quotient value as the third duration. In the same way, the quotient of the distance between the second terminal and the satellite and the speed of light obtains the second quotient value, and the second quotient value is used as the fourth duration.
  • the second terminal when the second terminal sends the uplink data corresponding to the uplink scheduling information, there may be a processing delay.
  • the duration acquired by the base station is not only determined according to the third duration and the fourth duration, but also determined according to the processing delay of the second terminal.
  • the processing delay of the second terminal can be set by a technician according to actual conditions.
  • the average processing delay of other terminals in the same wireless communication cell is used as the processing delay of the second terminal.
  • the time taken for the preset signal to be transmitted from the satellite to the base station can be determined.
  • the time length can be obtained by measuring the time stamp measurement method.
  • the duration of the one-way transmission of the preset signal from the satellite to the base station is also the duration of the one-way transmission of the preset signal from the base station to the satellite.
  • the sum of twice the third duration and twice the fourth duration is used as the duration; or, double the third duration, twice the fourth duration, and the processing time of the second terminal The sum of the extension is used as the duration.
  • the base station After sending the uplink scheduling information, the base station delays the acquired time length, and receives the uplink data corresponding to the uplink scheduling information.
  • the base station transmits uplink scheduling information to each terminal through satellite communication, and each terminal transmits uplink data corresponding to the uplink scheduling information to the base station through satellite communication. After sending the uplink scheduling information, the base station delays the predetermined signal from the second terminal to the satellite and then to the base station for the required time period to receive the uplink data sent by the second terminal.
  • the uplink data sent by the first terminal and the second terminal will be received by the satellite at the same time, and the satellite will synchronously send the uplink data sent by the first terminal and the second terminal to Base station. Therefore, after the base station delays for a long period of time, it can synchronously receive the uplink data sent by the first terminal and the second terminal, that is, can synchronously receive the uplink data sent by each terminal in the communication cell where the first terminal is located.
  • the base station acquires the time length, which is determined according to the third time length and the fourth time length.
  • the third time length is the time used for the preset signal to be transmitted from the second terminal to the satellite, and the second terminal is the cell where the first terminal is located.
  • the fourth duration is the duration of the preset signal transmission from the base station to the satellite.
  • the first terminal after receiving the uplink scheduling information correspondingly extends the uplink data transmission time, so that all The uplink data sent by the terminal can be received by the satellite at the same time, so that the base station can receive the uplink data corresponding to the same uplink scheduling information within a time range.
  • the base station also estimates the receiving time of the uplink data according to the time length of the uplink data sent by the second terminal, so that the uplink data can be accurately received when the first terminal adjusts the uplink data upload mechanism.
  • a schematic diagram of a specific implementation manner for obtaining time length by a base station includes the following steps:
  • S701 Acquire location information of the second terminal.
  • the position information of the second terminal can be determined based on the ephemeris information, antenna inclination angle and beam range of the satellite.
  • the position information of the base station itself and the position information of the satellite can be set by the technician according to the actual situation.
  • S702 Calculate the distance between the second terminal and the satellite according to the position information.
  • the distance is calculated based on the coordinates of the second terminal and the coordinates of the satellite. This process is common knowledge familiar to those skilled in the art, and will not be repeated here.
  • S703 Calculate the quotient of the distance and the speed of light to obtain the third duration.
  • S704 Calculate the quotient of the distance between the satellite and the base station and the speed of light to obtain the fourth duration.
  • S705 Use the sum of twice the third duration, processing delay, and twice the fourth duration as the duration.
  • the duration acquired by the base station is not limited to the duration acquired in S705, and the sum of twice the third duration and twice the fourth duration can also be directly used as the duration acquired by the base station.
  • the position information of the farthest point is acquired.
  • the distance between the second terminal and the satellite is calculated.
  • Calculate the quotient of the distance and the speed of light and get the third duration.
  • the time length obtained by the base station is only an approximate calculation.
  • the satellite orbit and the radius of the wireless communication cell have an inclination (that is, the plane where the wireless communication cell is located and the ground have an inclination)
  • the specific implementation process of calculating the distance between the satellite and the plane of the wireless communication cell based on the angle of the satellite orbit is common knowledge familiar to those skilled in the art, and will not be repeated here.
  • a schematic diagram of a specific implementation manner in which a base station obtains location information of a second terminal includes the following steps:
  • S801 Obtain the position information of the satellite according to the ephemeris information of the satellite.
  • S803 Calculate the coordinates of the point farthest from the satellite on the curve equation according to the position information of the satellite.
  • the base station obtains the position information of the satellite according to the ephemeris information of the satellite.
  • the curve equation of the coverage area of the cell is calculated.
  • the coordinates of the point farthest from the satellite on the curve equation that is, the coordinates of the second terminal
  • the base station can calculate the position information of the second terminal based on the pre-configured satellite position information, antenna tilt angle, and beam range.
  • the base station may calculate the location information of the second terminal and send it to the first terminal.
  • the first terminal may not need to calculate the location information of the second terminal by itself.
  • the first terminal may also calculate the location information of the second terminal by itself, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides an uplink synchronization device, which can be applied to a terminal, as shown in FIG. 9, including:
  • the acquiring unit 100 is configured to acquire the duration, the duration is determined according to the difference between the first duration and the second duration, the first duration is the duration for the preset signal to be transmitted from the first terminal to the satellite, and the second duration is the duration for the preset signal from the highest The time taken by the remote terminal (ie, the second terminal described in this application) to transmit to the satellite, and the farthest point is the point farthest from the satellite within the coverage of the cell where the first terminal is located.
  • the sending unit 200 is configured to send the uplink data of the uplink scheduling information after a delay time after receiving the uplink scheduling information.
  • the specific implementation manner of acquiring the duration by the acquiring unit 100 further includes: using twice the difference between the first duration and the second duration as the duration, or determining twice the difference between the first duration and the second duration and the second terminal's time duration.
  • the sum of the processing delays is used as the duration.
  • the specific implementation manner for the acquiring unit 100 to calculate the difference between the first duration and the second duration includes acquiring the location information of the farthest point (ie, the second terminal). Calculate the distance difference.
  • the distance difference is the difference between the first distance and the second distance.
  • the first distance is the distance between the second terminal and the satellite.
  • the second distance is the distance between the first terminal and the satellite.
  • the first distance is based on the first distance. 2.
  • the location information of the terminal is determined. Calculate the quotient of the distance difference and the speed of light, and get the difference between the first duration and the second duration.
  • the specific implementation manner of acquiring the location information of the second terminal by the acquiring unit 100 includes: receiving the location information of the second terminal sent by the base station, or calculating the location information of the second terminal in the following manner: acquiring the satellite’s information based on the ephemeris information of the satellite. location information. According to the antenna tilt angle and beam range of the satellite, the curve equation of the coverage area of the cell is calculated. According to the position information of the satellite, the coordinates of the point farthest from the satellite on the curve equation (that is, the coordinates of the second terminal) are calculated.
  • the first terminal acquires the duration, which is determined according to the difference between the first duration and the second duration.
  • the first duration is the duration of the preset signal transmission from the first terminal to the satellite
  • the second duration is the preset duration.
  • the farthest point is the point farthest from the satellite within the coverage of the cell where the first terminal is located.
  • the first terminal After receiving the uplink scheduling information, the first terminal delays the acquired time length, and sends the uplink data corresponding to the uplink scheduling information.
  • the first terminal after receiving the uplink scheduling information correspondingly extends the uplink data transmission time, so that all The uplink data sent by the terminal can be received by the satellite at the same time, so that the base station can receive the uplink data corresponding to the same uplink scheduling information within a time range.
  • FIG. 10 it is a schematic structural diagram of another uplink synchronization device provided by an embodiment of this application, which is applied to a base station, and includes:
  • the acquiring unit 300 is configured to acquire the duration, and the duration is determined according to the third duration and the fourth duration, and the third duration is used by the preset signal to be transmitted from the terminal at the farthest point (that is, the second terminal described in this application) to the satellite Duration, the farthest point is the point farthest from the satellite within the coverage of the cell where the first terminal is located, and the fourth duration is the duration for the preset signal to be transmitted from the satellite to the base station.
  • the receiving unit 400 is configured to receive the uplink data of the uplink scheduling information after a delay time after sending the uplink scheduling information.
  • the specific implementation manner for the acquiring unit 300 to acquire the duration includes: using the sum of twice the third duration and twice the fourth duration as the duration, or twice the third duration and twice the fourth duration, The sum of the processing delay and the processing delay of the second terminal is used as the duration.
  • the specific implementation manner for the acquiring unit 300 to acquire the third duration and the fourth duration includes acquiring the location information of the farthest point (ie, the second terminal). Based on the position information, the distance between the second terminal and the satellite is calculated. Calculate the quotient of the distance and the speed of light, and get the third duration. Calculate the quotient of the distance between the satellite and the base station and the speed of light to obtain the fourth duration.
  • the specific implementation manner of obtaining the position information of the farthest point by the obtaining unit 300 includes: obtaining the position information of the satellite according to the ephemeris information of the satellite. According to the antenna tilt angle and beam range of the satellite, the curve equation of the coverage area of the cell is calculated. According to the position information of the satellite, the coordinates of the point farthest from the satellite on the curve equation (that is, the coordinates of the second terminal) are calculated.
  • the base station acquires the time length, which is determined according to the third time length and the fourth time length.
  • the third time length is the time taken for the preset signal to be transmitted from the second terminal to the satellite
  • the farthest point is the cell where the first terminal is located.
  • the fourth duration is the duration of the preset signal transmission from the satellite to the base station.
  • the first terminal after receiving the uplink scheduling information correspondingly extends the uplink data transmission time, so that all The uplink data sent by the terminal can be received by the satellite at the same time, so that the base station can receive the uplink data corresponding to the same uplink scheduling information within a time range.
  • the base station also estimates the receiving time of the uplink data according to the duration of the second terminal sending the uplink data, so that the uplink data can be accurately received when the first terminal adjusts the uplink data upload mechanism.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a terminal, including a memory and a processor, the memory is used to store a program, and the processor is used to run the program to execute the uplink synchronization method performed by the terminal provided in the above embodiment of the present application.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a base station, including a memory and a processor, the memory is used to store a program, and the processor is used to run the program to execute the uplink synchronization method performed by the base station provided in the above embodiment of the present application.
  • the functions described in the methods of the embodiments of the present application are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a storage medium readable by a computing device.
  • the part of the embodiment of the application that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, the software product is stored in a storage medium, and includes a number of instructions to make a A computing device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a mobile computing device, or a network device, etc.) executes all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disks or optical disks and other media that can store program codes. .

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种上行同步方法、终端、以及基站，终端获取时长，终端在接收到上行调度信息后，延时时长，发送上行调度信息的上行数据。基站获取时长，基站在发送上行调度信息后，延时时长，接收上行调度信息对应的上行数据。在无线通信小区中，除了距离卫星最远的终端，其他终端在接收到上行调度信息之后，都相应地延长了上行数据的发送时间，使得所有终端发送的上行数据能够同时被卫星接收到，使得基站能够在一个时间范围内接收到同一上行调度信息的上行数据。此外，基站也按照最远点的终端发送上行数据的时长，估计上行数据的接收时刻，从而能够在终端调整上行数据上传机制的情况下，准确接收上行数据。

Description

一种上行同步方法、终端、以及基站
本申请要求于2019年12月27日提交中国专利局、申请号为201911379811.6、发明名称为“一种上行同步方法、终端、以及基站”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种上行同步方法、终端、以及基站。
背景技术
目前采用低轨卫星实现无线通信的方式，因为卫星和地球是非同步的，存在卫星和地球相对高速运动的情况，速度约每秒8km。相当于无线小区在快速移动，终端即使在地球上是静止的，但是相对于小区还是处于高速移动状态。另外又因为卫星通信系统小区的覆盖范围多达数千公里，所以，导致上行数据不对齐的问题。
如图1所示，基站发送的上行调度信息，到达卫星会有延时，再由卫星发给小区内不同位置的终端，因为距离卫星的远近不同，所以不同位置的终端接收到上行调度信息的时间不同，图1中，UE0为距离卫星较近的终端，简称为近点UE0，UE1与卫星的距离大于UE0与卫星的距离，简称为中点UE1，UEx为处于小区内距离卫星最远的位置点的终端，简称最远点UEx(有可能是不存在的虚拟终端)，可见，由于距离卫星距离的不同，各个终端接收到上行调度信息的时间不同，所以，基于上行调度信息，发送上行数据的时间也不同，发送的上行数据到达卫星以及基站的时间也就不同，因为小区覆盖范围大，所以不同终端的上行数据到达基站的时间差，通常超过一个时间单位(例如时隙)的长度，使得基站对同一上 行调度信息的上行数据的接收时刻是不对齐的。
可见，如何保证高时延通信系统中，基站对相同的上行调度信息的上行数据的同步接收(即接收时间对齐)，成为目前亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种上行同步方法、终端、以及基站，目的在于解决通信系统中，基站对同一上行调度信息的上行数据的接收时刻不对齐的问题。
为了实现上述目的，本申请提供了以下技术方案：
一种上行同步方法，包括：
终端获取时长，所述时长依据第一时长与第二时长之差确定，所述第一时长为预设信号从所述终端传输至卫星所用的时长，所述第二时长为所述预设信号从处于最远点的终端传输至所述卫星所用的时长，所述最远点为所述终端所在的小区的覆盖范围内，距离所述卫星最远的点；
所述终端在接收到上行调度信息后，延时所述时长，发送所述上行调度信息的上行数据。
可选的，所述第一时长与第二时长之差的计算方法，包括：
获取所述最远点的位置信息；
计算距离差，所述距离差为第一距离与第二距离之差，所述第一距离为处于所述最远点的终端与所述卫星之间的距离，所述第二距离为所述终端与所述卫星之间的距离，所述第一距离依据所述最远点的位置信息确定；计算所述距离差与光速之商，得到所述第一时长与第二时长之差。
可选的，所述获取时长，包括：
将所述第一时长与第二时长之差的两倍作为所述时长；或者，
将所述第一时长与第二时长之差的两倍与所述处于最远点的终端的处理时延之和作为所述时长。
可选的，所述获取所述最远点的位置信息，包括：
接收基站发送的上述最远点的位置信息；或者，
按照以下方式计算得到所述最远点的位置信息：依据所述卫星的星历信息获取所述卫星的位置信息；依据所述卫星的天线倾角和波束范围，计算得到所述小区的覆盖范围的曲线方程；依据所述卫星的位置信息，计算所述曲线方程上距离所述卫星最远的点的坐标。
一种上行同步方法，包括：
基站获取时长，所述时长依据第三时长与第四时长确定，所述第三时长为预设信号从处于最远点的终端传输至卫星所用的时长，所述最远点为所述终端所在的小区的覆盖范围内，距离所述卫星最远的点，所述第四时长为所述预设信号从所述卫星传输至所述基站所用的时长；
所述基站在发送上行调度信息后，延时所述时长，接收所述上行调度信息的上行数据。
可选的，所述第三时长的获取方法包括：
获取所述最远点的位置信息；
依据所述位置信息，计算所述处于最远点的终端与所述卫星之间的距离；
计算所述距离与光速之商，得到所述第三时长；
所述第四时长的获取方法包括：
计算所述卫星与所述基站之间的距离与所述光速之商，得到所述第四 时长。
可选的，所述获取时长，包括：
将所述第三时长的两倍与所述第四时长的两倍之和，作为所述时长；或者，
将所述第三时长的两倍、所述第四时长的两倍、与所述处于最远点的终端的处理时延之和，作为所述时长。
可选的，所述获取所述最远点的位置信息，包括：
依据所述卫星的星历信息获取所述卫星的位置信息；
依据所述卫星的天线倾角和波束范围，计算得到所述小区的覆盖范围的曲线方程；
依据所述卫星的位置信息，计算所述曲线方程上距离所述卫星最远的点的坐标。
一种终端，包括存储器和处理器，所述存储器用于存储程序，所述处理器用于运行所述程序，以执行所述的上行同步方法。
一种基站，包括存储器和处理器，所述存储器用于存储程序，所述处理器用于运行所述程序，以执行所述的上行同步方法。
本申请提供的技术方案，终端获取时长，时长依据第一时长与第二时长之差确定，第一时长为预设信号从终端传输至卫星所用的时长，第二时长为预设信号从处于最远点的终端传输至卫星所用的时长，最远点为终端所在的小区的覆盖范围内，距离卫星最远的点。终端在接收到上行调度信息后，延时时长，发送上行调度信息的上行数据。基站获取时长，时长依据第三时长与第四时长确定，第三时长为预设信号从处于最远点的终端传 输至卫星所用的时长，最远点为终端所在的小区的覆盖范围内，距离卫星最远的点，第四时长为预设信号从基站传输至卫星所用的时长。基站在发送上行调度信息后，延时时长，接收上行调度信息对应的上行数据。
可见，无线通信小区中，除了距离卫星最远的终端，其他终端在接收到上行调度信息之后，都以距离卫星最远的终端的上行数据发送时间为参考，延长发送时间，使得所有终端发送的上行数据能够同时被卫星接收到，进而基站能够在一个时间范围内接收到同一上行调度信息对应的上行数据。此外，基站也按照最远点的终端发送上行数据的时长为参考，估计上行数据的接收时刻，从而能够在终端调整上行数据上传机制的情况下，准确接收上行数据。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种卫星通信系统的架构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种上行同步方法的示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种终端获取时长的具体实现方式的示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种终端获取最远点的位置信息的具体实现方式的示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种卫星通信系统的坐标系示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的另一种上行同步方法的示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种基站获取时长的具体实现方式的示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种基站获取第二终端的位置信息的具体实现方式的示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种上行同步装置的架构示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的另一种上行同步装置的架构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
由背景技术可知，由于各个终端距离卫星距离的不同，各个终端接收到上行调度信息的时间不同，所以，基于上行调度信息，发送上行数据的时间不同，发送的上行数据到达卫星以及基站的时间也就不同，因为小区覆盖范围大，所以不同终端的上行数据到达基站的时间差，通常超过一个时间单位的长度，使得基站对同一上行调度信息对应的上行数据的接收时刻是不对齐的。
为了保证高时延通信系统中，基站对同一上行调度信息对应的上行数据的同步接收，分别针对终端和基站，本申请实施例各自对应提供了一种上行同步方法，使得基站对同一上行调度信息的上行数据的接收时刻是对 齐的。
如图2所示，为本申请实施例提供的一种上行同步方法，应用于终端(以下简称第一终端)，包括如下步骤：
S201：第一终端获取时长。
其中，时长依据第一时长与第二时长之差确定，第一时长为预设信号从第一终端传输至卫星所用的时长，第二时长为预设信号从处于最远点的终端(以下简称第二终端)传输至卫星所用的时长，最远点为第一终端所在的小区的覆盖范围内，距离卫星最远的点。
需要说明的是，第二终端可以为虚拟终端，即现实中不存在的终端，只是假设最远点的位置处存在与卫星进行信号传输的终端。当然，第二终端也可以为真实的终端，即在最远点处恰好存在终端。
此外，第二终端在处理上行调度信息的上行数据时，可能会存在处理时延。
因此，可选的，该时长不仅依据第一时长与第二时长之差确定，还依据第二终端的处理时延确定。
需要说明的是，第二终端的处理时延，可以由技术人员根据实际情况进行设置，例如，将同一个无线通信小区内的其它终端的平均处理时延，作为第二终端的处理时延。
需要强调的是，可以基于第一终端与卫星之间的距离、以及信号传输速度(无线信号的传输速度通常等同为光速)，确定预设信号从第一终端传输至卫星所用的时长。当然，也可以采用现有的其他技术来得到，第一终端与卫星之间的信号传输所用的时长，例如，可以通过时间戳测量方法， 测量得到该时长等。
此外，预设信号从第一终端传输至卫星这一单程所用的时长，也即为预设信号从卫星传输到第一终端的单程所用的时长。
因此，可选的，第一终端所获取时长的方式包括：将第一时长与第二时长之差的两倍作为该时长，或者，将第一时长与第二时长之差的两倍与第二终端的处理时延之和作为该时长。
在本申请实施例中，第一时长和第二时长之差的具体计算过程可参见下述图3示出的步骤、以及步骤的相应解释说明。
S202：第一终端在接收到上行调度信息后，延时所获取的时长，发送上行调度信息对应的上行数据。
其中，基站通过卫星通信向第一终端下发上行调度信息，第一终端在接收到卫星下发的上行调度信息后，通过卫星通信向基站发送上行调度信息的上行数据，这一过程为本领域技术人员所熟悉的公知常识。由于，第一终端在接收到上行调度信息之后，延时了所获取的时长，因此，第一终端与第二终端各自发送的上行数据，能够同时被卫星接收到。而后，卫星再同时将第一终端和第二终端发送的上行数据，发送给基站，因此，能够使得基站能够同步接收第一终端和第二终端发送的上行数据，即基站可以同步接收第一终端所在通信小区内各个终端发送的上行数据。
在本申请实施例中，第一终端获取时长，时长依据第一时长与第二时长之差确定，第一时长为预设信号从第一终端传输至卫星所用的时长，第二时长为预设信号从处于第二终端传输至卫星所用的时长，最远点为第一终端所在的小区的覆盖范围内，距离卫星最远的点。第一终端在接收到上 行调度信息后，延时时长，发送上行调度信息对应的上行数据。可见，无线通信小区中，除了距离卫星最远的第二终端，其他终端在接收到上行调度信息之后，都相应地延长了时长进行上行数据的发送，使得所有终端发送的上行数据能够同时被卫星接收到，并由卫星同时将上行数据发送给基站，使得基站能够同步接收各个终端发送的上行数据。
可选的，如图3所示，为本申请实施例提供的一种终端获取时长的具体实现方式的示意图，包括如下步骤：
S301：获取最远点的位置信息。
其中，可以基于卫星的星历信息、天线倾角和波束范围，确定最远点(最远点可以存在真实终端或虚拟终端，即本申请所述的第二终端)的位置信息，当然，不仅可以确定第二终端的位置信息，也可以确定第一终端自身的位置信息。需要说明的是，星历信息具体指的是：卫星在任意时刻内，预定所在位置。天线倾角和波束范围都是本领域技术人员所熟悉的公知常识，这里不再赘述。
此外，还可以接收基站发送的第二终端的位置信息。
需要说明的是，获取最远点的位置信息的具体实现方式可以参见下述图4示出的步骤以及步骤的相应解释说明。
S302：计算距离差。
其中，距离差为第一距离与第二距离之差，第一距离为第二终端与卫星之间的距离，第二距离为第一终端与卫星之间的距离，第一距离依据最远点的位置信息确定。
需要说明的是，第一距离依据第二终端的位置信息和卫星的位置信息确定，具体的，在预设坐标系下，第二终端的位置坐标和卫星的位置坐标之间的距离，为第一距离。第一终端的位置坐标和卫星的位置坐标之间的距离，为第二距离。第一距离和第二距离之差的计算过程如公式(1)所示。
Figure PCTCN2020138551-appb-000001
在公式(1)中，Dmax为第一距离，Distance x-＞s为第二距离，(x 0，y 0，z 0)为卫星的坐标，(x 1，y 1，z 1)为第二终端的坐标，(x 2，y 2，z 2)为第一终端的坐标。
S303：计算距离差与光速之商，得到第一时长与第二时长之差。
其中，结合上述公式(1)，计算距离差与光速之商的过程如公式(2)所示。
Figure PCTCN2020138551-appb-000002
在公式(2)中，Δt为第一时长与第二时长之差，c为光速。
需要强调的是，本申请实施例获取第一时长与第二时长之差的计算方法不限定于S302和S303所示出的具体实现过程，也可以先分别通过计算第一距离与光速之商得到第一时长、以及计算第二距离和光速之商得到第二时长，再通过计算第一时长与第二时长之差得到Δt。
S304：将第一时长与第二时长之差的两倍与处理时延之和，作为时长。
其中，第一时长与第二时长之差的两倍，表示的是：预设信号从第一终端至卫星之间往返传输所需时长，与预设信号从第二终端至卫星之间往 返传输所需时长之差。此外，处理时延的具体数值由技术人员根据实际情况进行设置，时长的计算过程如公式(3)所示。
s＝2Δt+k           (3)
在公式(3)中，s为时长，k为处理时延。
需要强调的是，第一终端所获取的时长不限定于S304所得到的时长，也可以直接将第一时长与第二时长之差的两倍作为第一终端所获取的时长。
在本申请实施例中，通过获取最远点的位置信息，计算距离差，距离差为第一距离与第二距离之差，第一距离为第二终端与卫星之间的距离，第二距离为第一终端与卫星之间的距离，第一距离依据第二终端的位置信息确定。计算距离差与光速之商，得到第一时长与第二时长之差。将第一时长与第二时长之差的两倍与处理时延之和，作为时长。可见，依据第一终端、卫星、以及第二终端各自的位置信息，并结合第二终端的处理时延，能够得到第一终端在接收到上行调度信息之后，所需延时发送上行数据的时长，从而使得第一终端与第二终端各自发送的上行数据可以同时被卫星接收到。
需要强调的是，上述图3示出的步骤中，第一终端所获取的时长仅仅只是近似计算，当卫星轨道与无线通信小区的半径存在倾角时(也就是无线通信小区所在平面与地面存在倾角)，还需要根据卫星轨道的角度另行计算得出卫星与无线通信小区所在平面的距离(同等于卫星到地面的距离)，从而再根据图3示出的步骤重新计算得到时长。当然，根据卫星轨道的角度计算得出卫星与无线通信小区所在平面的距离的具体实现过程，为本领 域技术人员所熟悉的公知常识，这里不再赘述。
可选的，计算第一时长与第二时长之差的过程还可以是先计算第一距离与光速之商、第二距离与光速之商，再计算二者之差，以差的两倍与处理时延之和，作为时长，具体计算过程与前面的方法相似，这里不再赘述。
可选的，如图4所示，为本申请实施例提供的一种获取最远点的位置信息的具体实现方式的示意图，包括如下步骤：
S401：依据卫星的星历信息获取卫星的位置信息。
其中，依据星历信息获取卫星的位置信息，这一过程，为本领域技术人员所熟悉的公知常识，这里不再赘述。
S402：依据卫星的天线倾角和波束范围，计算得到小区的覆盖范围的曲线方程。
其中，卫星的天线倾角和波束范围都可由技术人员根据实际情况预先配置。由于卫星的波束范围呈椭圆，也就是说，小区的覆盖范围的曲线方程实际上就是椭圆的曲线方程。
具体的，参见图5，卫星距离地面1175km，卫星与地心连线坐标为(0,0,0)，卫星的坐标为(0,0,1175)，卫星的天线倾角为0°，波束范围的具体形状为椭圆，波束中心(椭圆的中心)的坐标为(450,0,0)，波束扫描的宽度为东西方向1000km，扫描的长度为南北方向60km，由于波束范围呈椭圆，则椭圆短轴两顶点坐标分别为A(-420,0,0)和B(-480,0,0)，长轴两顶点坐标分别为C(-450,60,0)和D(-450,-60,0)。小区的覆盖范围的曲线方程，就是椭圆的曲线方程，曲线方程为公式(4)所示。
Figure PCTCN2020138551-appb-000003
需要说明的是，上述具体实现过程仅仅用于举例说明，卫星的具体位置信息、天线倾角和波束范围都可以根据实际情况进行配置。
S403：依据卫星的位置信息，计算曲线方程上距离卫星最远的点的坐标。
其中，计算曲线方程上距离卫星最远的点的坐标，实际上就是求得卫星波束范围(椭圆)的曲线方程上，与卫星距离最远的点的坐标。
具体的，结合上述S402示出的曲线方程的具体实例，椭圆上任意一点到卫星的距离为公式(5)所示，进一步的，对公式(5)进行求导，求导的具体过程如公式(6)所示，分别得到两点E0(-466.8,-414.2,0)和E1(-466.8,414.2,0)。计算E0和E1各自到卫星(0,0,1175)的距离，得到两点与卫星的距离都为1300.5km。分别计算椭圆上短轴两顶点A(-420,0,0)和B(-480,0,0)各自与卫星的距离，得到A点与卫星的距离为1247.8km，B点与卫星的距离为1269.3km。通过比较E0、E1、A和B各自与卫星的距离大小可知，E0和E1为最远点，且最远点到卫星的距离为1300.5km。
Figure PCTCN2020138551-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2020138551-appb-000005
在公式(6)中，导数为0，求得x＝-466.8km，y＝±414.2km。
需要说明的是，上述具体实现过程仅仅用于举例说明。
在本申请实施例中，第一终端依据卫星的星历信息获取卫星的位置信息。依据卫星的天线倾角和波束范围，计算得到小区的覆盖范围的曲线方程。依据卫星的位置信息，计算曲线方程上距离卫星最远的点的坐标(即本申请所述的第二终端的坐标)。可见，第一终端基于预先配置的卫星的位置信息、天线倾角和波束范围，能够计算得到第二终端的位置信息。
如图6所示，为本申请实施例提供的一种上行同步方法，应用于基站，包括如下步骤：
S601：基站获取时长。
其中，时长依据第三时长与第四时长确定，第三时长为预设信号从处于最远点的终端(即本申请所述的第二终端)传输至卫星所用的时长，最远点为第一终端所在的小区的覆盖范围内，距离卫星最远的点，第四时长为预设信号从基站传输至卫星所用的时长。
由于卫星的位置信息和基站的位置信息可由技术人员根据实际情况进 行设置，因此，基站与卫星之间的距离是可以计算得到，因此，可以通过计算基站与卫星之间的距离与光速之商，得到第一商值，将第一商值作为第三时长。同理，第二终端与卫星之间的距离与光速之商，得到第二商值，将第二商值作为第四时长。
此外，第二终端在发送上行调度信息对应的上行数据时，可能会存在处理时延。
因此，可选的，基站所获取的时长不仅依据第三时长与第四时长确定，还依据第二终端的处理时延确定。
需要说明的是，第二终端的处理时延，可以由技术人员根据实际情况进行设置，例如，将同一个无线通信小区内的其它终端的平均处理时延，作为第二终端的处理时延。
需要强调的是，可以基于卫星与基站之间的距离、以及信号传输速度(无线信号的传输速度通常等同为光速)，确定预设信号从卫星传输至基站所用的时长。当然，也可以采用现有的其他技术来得到，卫星与基站之间的信号传输所用的时长，例如，可以通过时间戳测量方法，测量得到该时长等。
此外，预设信号从卫星传输至基站这一单程所用的时长，也即为预设信号从基站传输到卫星的单程所用的时长。
因此，可选的，将第三时长的两倍与第四时长的两倍之和，作为时长；或者，将第三时长的两倍、第四时长的两倍、与第二终端的处理时延之和，作为时长。
需要说明的是，基站获取时长的具体实现方式、以及第三时长和第四 时长的具体获取方法，可参见下述图7示出的步骤、以及步骤的相应解释说明。
S602：基站在发送上行调度信息后，延时所获取的时长，接收上行调度信息对应的上行数据。
其中，基站通过卫星通信向各个终端发送上行调度信息，各个终端在通过卫星通信将上行调度信息对应的上行数据发送给基站。基站在发送上行调度信息之后，针对预设信号从第二终端传输至卫星并再次传输到基站的所需时长，延时该时长，接收第二终端发送的上行数据。
需要强调的是，在本申请实施例中，由于第一终端和第二终端各自发送的上行数据会同时被卫星接收到，并由卫星同步将第一终端和第二终端发送的上行数据发送给基站。因此，基站延时时长后，能够同步接收到第一终端和第二终端发送的上行数据，即能够同步接收到第一终端所在通信小区内各个终端发送的上行数据。
在本申请实施例中，基站获取时长，时长依据第三时长与第四时长确定，第三时长为预设信号从第二终端传输至卫星所用的时长，第二终端为第一终端所在的小区的覆盖范围内，距离卫星最远的点所对应的终端，第四时长为预设信号从基站传输至卫星所用的时长。基站在发送上行调度信息后，延时时长，接收上行调度信息对应的上行数据。可见，无线通信小区中，除了距离卫星最远的第二终端，第一终端(包括通信小区内的其他终端)在接收到上行调度信息之后，都相应地延长了上行数据的发送时间，使得所有终端发送的上行数据能够同时被卫星接收到，使得基站能够在一个时间范围内接收到同一上行调度信息对应的上行数据。基站也按照第二 终端发送上行数据的时长，估计上行数据的接收时刻，从而能够在第一终端调整上行数据上传机制的情况下，准确接收上行数据。
可选的，如图7所示，为本申请实施例提供的一种基站获取时长的具体实现方式的示意图，包括如下步骤：
S701：获取第二终端的位置信息。
其中，可以基于卫星的星历信息、天线倾角和波束范围，确定第二终端的位置信息，当然，基站自身的位置信息和卫星的位置信息都可由技术人员根据实际情况进行设置。
需要说明的是，获取第二终端的位置信息的具体实现方式可参见下述图8示出的步骤、以及步骤的相应解释说明。
S702：依据位置信息，计算第二终端与卫星之间的距离。
其中，基于第二终端的坐标、以及卫星的坐标计算得到距离，这一过程，为本领域技术人员所熟悉的公知常识，这里不再赘述。
S703：计算距离与光速之商，得到第三时长。
其中，计算距离与光速之商，为本领域技术人员所熟悉的公知常识，这里不再赘述。
S704：计算卫星与基站之间的距离与光速之商，得到第四时长。
其中，卫星与基站之间的距离的计算过程、以及该距离与光速之商的计算过程，都是本领域技术人员所熟悉的公知常识，这里不再赘述。
S705：将第三时长的两倍、处理时延与第四时长的两倍之和，作为时长。
其中，处理时延为第二终端在接收上行调度信息之后，直至发送上行数据之间所需的时间，处理时延可由技术人员根据实际情况进行设置。因此，时长＝第三时长×2+处理时延+第四时长×2。
需要强调的是，基站所获取的时长不限定于S705所得到的时长，也可以直接将作为第三时长的两倍和第四时长的两倍之和，作为基站所获取的时长。
在本申请实施例中，获取最远点的位置信息。依据位置信息，计算第二终端与卫星之间的距离。计算距离与光速之商，得到第三时长。计算卫星与基站之间的距离与光速之商，得到第四时长。将第三时长的两倍、处理时延与第四时长的两倍之和，作为时长。可见，基站能够基于最远点的位置信息、基站自身的位置信息和卫星的位置信息，计算得到所需延时的时长。
需要强调的是，上述图7示出的步骤中，基站所得到的时长仅仅只是近似计算，当卫星轨道与无线通信小区的半径存在倾角时(也就是无线通信小区所在平面与地面存在倾角)，还需要根据卫星轨道的角度另行计算得出卫星与无线通信小区所在平面的距离(同等于卫星到地面的距离)，从而再根据图7示出的步骤重新计算得到时长。当然，根据卫星轨道的角度计算得出卫星与无线通信小区所在平面的距离的具体实现过程，为本领域技术人员所熟悉的公知常识，这里不再赘述。
可选的，如图8所示，为本申请实施例提供的一种基站获取第二终端的位置信息的具体实现方式的示意图，包括如下步骤：
S801：依据卫星的星历信息获取卫星的位置信息。
其中，S801的具体执行过程和实现原理与上述图4示出的S401的具体执行过程和实现原理一致，这里不再赘述。
S802：依据卫星的天线倾角和波束范围，计算得到小区的覆盖范围的曲线方程。
其中，S802的具体执行过程和实现原理与上述图4示出的S402的具体执行过程和实现原理一致，这里不再赘述。
S803：依据卫星的位置信息，计算曲线方程上距离卫星最远的点的坐标。
其中，S803的具体执行过程和实现原理与上述图4示出的S403的具体执行过程和实现原理一致，这里不再赘述。
在本申请实施例中，基站依据卫星的星历信息获取卫星的位置信息。依据卫星的天线倾角和波束范围，计算得到小区的覆盖范围的曲线方程。依据卫星的位置信息，计算曲线方程上距离卫星最远的点的坐标(即第二终端的坐标)。可见，基站基于预先配置的卫星的位置信息、天线倾角和波束范围，能够计算得到第二终端的位置信息。
需要说明的是，基站可以计算出第二终端的位置信息后，发给第一终端，在此情况下，第一终端可以不用自行计算第二终端的位置信息。当然，第一终端也可以自行计算第二终端的位置信息，本申请的实施例不做限定。
与上述本申请实施例提供的上行同步方法相对应，本申请实施例还提供了一种上行同步装置，可以应用在终端，如图9所示，包括：
获取单元100，用于获取时长，时长依据第一时长与第二时长之差确定，第一时长为预设信号从第一终端传输至卫星所用的时长，第二时长为预设信号从处于最远点的终端(即本申请所述的第二终端)传输至卫星所用的时长，最远点为第一终端所在的小区的覆盖范围内，距离卫星最远的点。
发送单元200，用于在接收到上行调度信息后，延时时长，发送上行调度信息的上行数据。
其中，获取单元100获取时长的具体实现方式还包括：将第一时长与第二时长之差的两倍作为时长，或者，将第一时长与第二时长之差的两倍与第二终端的处理时延之和作为时长。
获取单元100计算第一时长和第二时长之差的具体实现方式包括：获取最远点(即第二终端)的位置信息。计算距离差，距离差为第一距离与第二距离之差，第一距离为第二终端与卫星之间的距离，第二距离为第一终端与卫星之间的距离，第一距离依据第二终端的位置信息确定。计算距离差与光速之商，得到第一时长与第二时长之差。
获取单元100获取第二终端的位置信息的具体实现方式包括：接收基站发送的第二终端的位置信息，或者，按照以下方式计算得到第二终端的位置信息：依据卫星的星历信息获取卫星的位置信息。依据卫星的天线倾角和波束范围，计算得到小区的覆盖范围的曲线方程。依据卫星的位置信息，计算曲线方程上距离卫星最远的点的坐标(即第二终端的坐标)。
在本申请实施例中，第一终端获取时长，时长依据第一时长与第二时长之差确定，第一时长为预设信号从第一终端传输至卫星所用的时长，第 二时长为预设信号从处于最远点的终端(即第二终端)传输至卫星所用的时长，最远点为第一终端所在的小区的覆盖范围内，距离卫星最远的点。第一终端在接收到上行调度信息后，延时所获取的时长，发送上行调度信息对应的上行数据。可见，无线通信小区中，除了距离卫星最远的第二终端，第一终端(包括通信小区内的其他终端)在接收到上行调度信息之后，都相应地延长了上行数据的发送时间，使得所有终端发送的上行数据能够同时被卫星接收到，使得基站能够在一个时间范围内接收到同一上行调度信息对应的上行数据。
如图10所示，为本申请实施例提供的另一种上行同步装置的架构示意图，应用于基站，包括：
获取单元300，用于获取时长，时长依据第三时长与第四时长确定，第三时长为预设信号从处于最远点的终端(即本申请所述的第二终端)传输至卫星所用的时长，最远点为第一终端所在的小区的覆盖范围内，距离卫星最远的点，第四时长为预设信号从卫星传输至基站所用的时长。
接收单元400，用于在发送上行调度信息后，延时时长，接收上行调度信息的上行数据。
其中，获取单元300获取时长的具体实现方式包括：将第三时长的两倍与第四时长的两倍之和，作为时长，或者，将第三时长的两倍、第四时长的两倍、与第二终端的处理时延之和，作为时长。
获取单元300获取第三时长和第四时长的具体实现方式包括：获取最远点(即第二终端)的位置信息。依据位置信息，计算第二终端与卫星之 间的距离。计算距离与光速之商，得到第三时长。计算卫星与基站之间的距离与光速之商，得到第四时长。
获取单元300获取最远点的位置信息的具体实现方式包括：依据卫星的星历信息获取卫星的位置信息。依据卫星的天线倾角和波束范围，计算得到小区的覆盖范围的曲线方程。依据卫星的位置信息，计算曲线方程上距离卫星最远的点的坐标(即第二终端的坐标)。
在本申请实施例中，基站获取时长，时长依据第三时长与第四时长确定，第三时长为预设信号从第二终端传输至卫星所用的时长，最远点为第一终端所在的小区的覆盖范围内，距离卫星最远的点，第四时长为预设信号从卫星传输至基站所用的时长。基站在发送上行调度信息后，延时时长，接收上行调度信息对应的上行数据。可见，无线通信小区中，除了距离卫星最远的第二终端，第一终端(包括通信小区内的其他终端)在接收到上行调度信息之后，都相应地延长了上行数据的发送时间，使得所有终端发送的上行数据能够同时被卫星接收到，使得基站能够在一个时间范围内接收到同一上行调度信息对应的上行数据。此外，基站也按照第二终端发送上行数据的时长，估计上行数据的接收时刻，从而能够在第一终端调整上行数据上传机制的情况下，准确接收上行数据。
进一步的，本申请实施例还提供了一种终端，包括存储器和处理器，存储器用于存储程序，处理器用于运行程序，以执行上述本申请实施例提供的终端执行的上行同步方法。
本申请实施例还提供了一种基站，包括存储器和处理器，存储器用于存储程序，处理器用于运行程序，以执行上述本申请实施例提供的基站执 行的上行同步方法。
本申请实施例方法所述的功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算设备可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请实施例对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，移动计算设备或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其它实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同或相似部分互相参见即可。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本申请。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本申请的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本申请将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种上行同步方法，其特征在于，包括：
    终端获取时长，所述时长依据第一时长与第二时长之差确定，所述第一时长为预设信号从所述终端传输至卫星所用的时长，所述第二时长为所述预设信号从处于最远点的终端传输至所述卫星所用的时长，所述最远点为所述终端所在的小区的覆盖范围内，距离所述卫星最远的点；
    所述终端在接收到上行调度信息后，延时所述时长，发送所述上行调度信息的上行数据。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一时长与第二时长之差的计算方法，包括：
    获取所述最远点的位置信息；
    计算距离差，所述距离差为第一距离与第二距离之差，所述第一距离为处于所述最远点的终端与所述卫星之间的距离，所述第二距离为所述终端与所述卫星之间的距离，所述第一距离依据所述最远点的位置信息确定；计算所述距离差与光速之商，得到所述第一时长与第二时长之差。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述获取时长，包括：
    将所述第一时长与第二时长之差的两倍作为所述时长；或者，
    将所述第一时长与第二时长之差的两倍与所述处于最远点的终端的处理时延之和作为所述时长。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述获取所述最远点的位置信息，包括：
    接收基站发送的上述最远点的位置信息；或者，
    按照以下方式计算得到所述最远点的位置信息：依据所述卫星的星历信息获取所述卫星的位置信息；依据所述卫星的天线倾角和波束范围，计算得到所述小区的覆盖范围的曲线方程；依据所述卫星的位置信息，计算所述曲线方程上距离所述卫星最远的点的坐标。
  5. 一种上行同步方法，其特征在于，包括：
    基站获取时长，所述时长依据第三时长与第四时长确定，所述第三时长为预设信号从处于最远点的终端传输至卫星所用的时长，所述最远点为所述终端所在的小区的覆盖范围内，距离所述卫星最远的点，所述第四时长为所述预设信号从所述卫星传输至所述基站所用的时长；
    所述基站在发送上行调度信息后，延时所述时长，接收所述上行调度信息的上行数据。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第三时长的获取方法包括：
    获取所述最远点的位置信息；
    依据所述位置信息，计算所述处于最远点的终端与所述卫星之间的距离；
    计算所述距离与光速之商，得到所述第三时长；
    所述第四时长的获取方法包括：
    计算所述卫星与所述基站之间的距离与所述光速之商，得到所述第四时长。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述获取时长，包 括：
    将所述第三时长的两倍与所述第四时长的两倍之和，作为所述时长；或者，
    将所述第三时长的两倍、所述第四时长的两倍、与所述处于最远点的终端的处理时延之和，作为所述时长。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述获取所述最远点的位置信息，包括：
    依据所述卫星的星历信息获取所述卫星的位置信息；
    依据所述卫星的天线倾角和波束范围，计算得到所述小区的覆盖范围的曲线方程；
    依据所述卫星的位置信息，计算所述曲线方程上距离所述卫星最远的点的坐标。
  9. 一种终端，其特征在于，包括存储器和处理器，所述存储器用于存储程序，所述处理器用于运行所述程序，以执行权利要求1-4任一项所述的上行同步方法。
  10. 一种基站，其特征在于，包括存储器和处理器，所述存储器用于存储程序，所述处理器用于运行所述程序，以执行权利要求5-8任一项所述的上行同步方法。
  11. 一种上行同步装置，应用在终端，其特征在于，包括：
    获取单元，用于获取时长，所述时长依据第一时长与第二时长之差确定，所述第一时长为预设信号从所述终端传输至卫星所用的时长，所述第二时长为所述预设信号从处于最远点的终端传输至所述卫星所用的时长，所述最远点为所述终端所在的小区的覆盖范围内，距离所述卫星最远的点；
    发送单元，用于在接收到上行调度信息后，延时所述时长，发送所述上行调度信息的上行数据。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的装置，其特征在于，所述获取单元还用于：
    获取所述最远点的位置信息；计算距离差，所述距离差为第一距离与第二距离之差，所述第一距离为处于所述最远点的终端与所述卫星之间的距离，所述第二距离为所述终端与所述卫星之间的距离，所述第一距离依据所述最远点的位置信息确定；计算所述距离差与光速之商，得到所述第一时长与第二时长之差。
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的装置，其特征在于，所述获取单元用于获取时长，包括：
    所述获取单元具体用于，将所述第一时长与第二时长之差的两倍作为所述时长；或者，将所述第一时长与第二时长之差的两倍与所述处于最远点的终端的处理时延之和作为所述时长。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的装置，其特征在于，所述获取单元用于获取所述最远点的位置信息，包括：
    所述获取单元具体用于，接收基站发送的上述最远点的位置信息；或者，按照以下方式计算得到所述最远点的位置信息：依据所述卫星的星历信息获取所述卫星的位置信息；依据所述卫星的天线倾角和波束范围，计算得到所述小区的覆盖范围的曲线方程；依据所述卫星的位置信息，计算所述曲线方程上距离所述卫星最远的点的坐标。
  15. 一种上行同步装置，应用于基站，包括：
    获取单元，用于获取时长，所述时长依据第三时长与第四时长确定，所述第三时长为预设信号从处于最远点的终端传输至卫星所用的时长，所述最远点为所述终端所在的小区的覆盖范围内，距离所述卫星最远的点， 所述第四时长为所述预设信号从所述卫星传输至所述基站所用的时长；
    接收单元，用于在发送上行调度信息后，延时所述时长，接收所述上行调度信息的上行数据。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的装置，其特征在于，所述获取单元还用于：
    获取所述最远点的位置信息；依据所述位置信息，计算所述处于最远点的终端与所述卫星之间的距离；计算所述距离与光速之商，得到所述第三时长；以及，计算所述卫星与所述基站之间的距离与所述光速之商，得到所述第四时长。
  17. 根据权利要求15或16所述的装置，其特征在于，所述获取单元用于获取时长包括：
    所述获取单元具体用于，将所述第三时长的两倍与所述第四时长的两倍之和，作为所述时长；或者，将所述第三时长的两倍、所述第四时长的两倍、与所述处于最远点的终端的处理时延之和，作为所述时长。
  18. 根据权利要求16所述的装置，其特征在于，所述获取单元用于获取所述最远点的位置信息，包括：
    所述获取单元具体用于，依据所述卫星的星历信息获取所述卫星的位置信息；依据所述卫星的天线倾角和波束范围，计算得到所述小区的覆盖范围的曲线方程；依据所述卫星的位置信息，计算所述曲线方程上距离所述卫星最远的点的坐标。
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