WO2021129424A1 - Système combiné de circulation de microturbine à gaz, véhicule et système de charge - Google Patents

Système combiné de circulation de microturbine à gaz, véhicule et système de charge Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021129424A1
WO2021129424A1 PCT/CN2020/135891 CN2020135891W WO2021129424A1 WO 2021129424 A1 WO2021129424 A1 WO 2021129424A1 CN 2020135891 W CN2020135891 W CN 2020135891W WO 2021129424 A1 WO2021129424 A1 WO 2021129424A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piston
cylinder
cylinder block
heat exchange
exchange unit
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PCT/CN2020/135891
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
靳普
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至玥腾风科技集团有限公司
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Application filed by 至玥腾风科技集团有限公司 filed Critical 至玥腾风科技集团有限公司
Priority to US17/624,256 priority Critical patent/US11859494B2/en
Priority to JP2022507678A priority patent/JP2022544161A/ja
Publication of WO2021129424A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021129424A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas- turbine plants for special use
    • F02C6/18—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas- turbine plants for special use using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas- turbine plants for special use
    • F02C6/04—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B1/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements
    • F01B1/08—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements with cylinders arranged oppositely relative to main shaft and of "flat" type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B23/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01B23/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B29/00—Machines or engines with pertinent characteristics other than those provided for in preceding main groups
    • F01B29/08—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines not otherwise provided for
    • F01B29/10—Engines
    • F01B29/12—Steam engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
    • F02G1/044—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines having at least two working members, e.g. pistons, delivering power output
    • F02G1/0445—Engine plants with combined cycles, e.g. Vuilleumier
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
    • F02G1/053—Component parts or details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/70—Application in combination with
    • F05D2220/76—Application in combination with an electrical generator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/80—Size or power range of the machines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/80—Size or power range of the machines
    • F05D2250/82—Micromachines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of energy recovery, in particular to a combined cycle system of a micro gas turbine, a vehicle, and a charging system.
  • the micro gas turbine is a kind of newly developed small heat engine, its single engine power range is 25 ⁇ 300kW, the basic technical feature is the use of radial impeller machinery and regenerative cycle.
  • a regenerator is usually used to recover the heat of the exhaust gas of the micro gas turbine, and then the exhaust gas passing through the regenerator is discharged to the atmosphere; however, the exhaust gas passing through the regenerator still has a certain amount of waste heat.
  • rotating machinery such as turbines, are used to recover and utilize the exhaust gas energy.
  • the rotating machinery cannot effectively recover this part of energy.
  • the micro gas turbine is provided with a heat regenerator; the exhaust port of the regenerator is connected with the air inlet of the heat exchange unit to provide a heat source for the heat exchange unit;
  • the exhaust port of the heat exchange unit is open to the atmosphere, the water inlet of the heat exchange unit is connected with the water outlet of the circulating water tank, and the steam outlet of the heat exchange unit is connected with the piston engine to provide working steam for the piston engine;
  • the piston engine is connected to a power generating device for driving the power generating device to generate electricity;
  • the circulating water tank is connected to the piston engine for recovering the water or water-steam mixture converted into the working steam after the work is done.
  • piston engine is a single-side intake spring return type piston engine or a double-side intake type piston engine or a horizontally opposed two-cylinder controlled piston engine;
  • the unilateral air intake spring return type piston engine includes:
  • the piston is installed in the cylinder body, one end of the piston rod is connected to the piston, the other end extends out of the cylinder body and is connected to the crank slider mechanism, the crank slider mechanism is connected to the output shaft, and the output shaft is connected to the power generating device;
  • the rodless cavity side of the cylinder block is provided with a first air inlet, a first air outlet, the first air inlet is connected to the heat exchange unit, the first air outlet is connected to the circulating water tank, and the cylinder block has a rod cavity.
  • a spring is set on the side to reset the piston after it has done work;
  • the double-side air-intake piston engine includes:
  • the piston is installed in the cylinder body, one end of the piston rod is connected to the piston, the other end extends out of the cylinder body and is connected to the crank slider mechanism, the crank slider mechanism is connected to the output shaft, and the output shaft is connected to the power generating device;
  • the rodless cavity side of the cylinder block is provided with a first intake port, a first exhaust port, and the rod cavity side of the cylinder block is provided with a second intake port, a second exhaust port, and a first intake port.
  • the second air inlet and the second air inlet are connected to the heat exchange unit, and the first air outlet and the second air outlet are connected to the circulating water tank;
  • the horizontally opposed dual-cylinder controlled piston engine includes:
  • crank slider mechanism and a first cylinder and a second cylinder opposite to the crank slider mechanism
  • the crank-slider mechanism is a double-slider structure, which includes a crank, a first sliding block, a first connecting rod, a second sliding block, a second connecting rod and an output shaft; the output shaft passes through the center of the crank, and the first One end of the connection and one end of the second connecting rod are respectively connected to the two end faces of the crank, and the connecting points are distributed on both sides of the output shaft.
  • the other end of the first connecting rod is connected to the other of the first slider and the second connecting rod. One end is connected to the second slider;
  • the first cylinder includes a first cylinder block, a first piston, and a first piston rod.
  • the first piston is installed in the first cylinder block.
  • One end of the first piston rod is connected to the first piston, and the other end extends out of the first cylinder block.
  • And connected with the first slider; the rodless cavity side of the first cylinder block is provided with a first air inlet and a first air outlet, the first air inlet is connected to the heat exchange unit, and the first air outlet is connected to the circulation Water tank
  • the second cylinder includes a second cylinder block, a second piston, a second piston rod, and a second piston rod installed in the second cylinder block.
  • One end of the second piston rod is connected to the second piston, and the other end extends out of the second cylinder cylinder.
  • the second cylinder block is provided with a second air inlet and a second air outlet on the rod cavity side, the second air inlet is connected to the heat exchange unit, and the second air outlet is connected Circulating water tank.
  • the power generation device is a linear generator
  • the piston engine is a single-side intake spring return type piston engine or a double-side intake type piston engine or a horizontally opposed two-cylinder control type piston engine;
  • the unilateral air intake spring return type piston engine includes:
  • the piston is installed in the cylinder body, one end of the piston rod is connected to the piston, and the other end extends out of the cylinder body and is connected to the linear motor;
  • the rodless cavity side of the cylinder block is provided with a first air inlet, a first air outlet, the first air inlet is connected to the heat exchange unit, the first air outlet is connected to the circulating water tank, and the cylinder block has a rod cavity.
  • a spring is set on the side to reset the piston after it has done work;
  • the double-side air-intake piston engine includes:
  • the piston is installed in the cylinder body, one end of the piston rod is connected to the piston, and the other end extends out of the cylinder body and is connected to the linear motor;
  • the rodless cavity side of the cylinder block is provided with a first intake port, a first exhaust port, and the rod cavity side of the cylinder block is provided with a second intake port, a second exhaust port, and a first intake port.
  • the second air inlet and the second air inlet are connected to the heat exchange unit, and the first air outlet and the second air outlet are connected to the circulating water tank;
  • the horizontally opposed dual-cylinder controlled piston engine includes:
  • the first cylinder includes a first cylinder block, a first piston, and a first piston rod.
  • the first piston is installed in the first cylinder block.
  • One end of the first piston rod is connected to the first piston, and the other end extends out of the first cylinder.
  • the cylinder block is connected to one end of the linear motor;
  • the rodless cavity side of the first cylinder block is provided with a first intake port and a first exhaust port, the first intake port is connected to the heat exchange unit, and the first exhaust Connect to the circulating water tank;
  • the second cylinder includes a second cylinder block, a second piston, a second piston rod, and a second piston rod installed in the second cylinder block.
  • One end of the second piston rod is connected to the second piston, and the other end extends out of the second cylinder cylinder.
  • the second cylinder block is connected to the other end of the linear motor; a second air inlet and a second air outlet are provided on the rod cavity side of the second cylinder block.
  • the second air inlet is connected to the heat exchange unit, and the second air outlet ⁇ Connect the circulating water tank.
  • first air inlet, the first air outlet, the second air inlet, and the second air outlet are provided with on-off valves, and the on-off valves are mechanical on-off valves or electric on-off valves.
  • the piston engine is a double-side-intake piston engine or a horizontally opposed double-cylinder control piston engine
  • the heat exchange unit and the first air inlet and the second air inlet are electromagnetically exchanged between the heat exchange unit and the first air inlet and the second air inlet.
  • the first exhaust port and the second exhaust port are connected with the circulating water tank through an electromagnetic reversing valve.
  • the piston engine is a horizontally opposed two-cylinder controlled piston engine
  • the rod cavity of the first cylinder is connected to the first vacuum pump
  • the rodless cavity of the second cylinder is connected to the second vacuum pump.
  • piston engines are arranged in multiple groups, and the multiple piston engines are connected to the power generating device through the same output shaft.
  • the circulating water tank is connected to the heat exchange unit after passing through the heating element.
  • a vehicle including the above-mentioned combined cycle system, and the circulating water tank of the combined cycle system recovers the heat emitted by the heating element in the vehicle and is connected to a heat exchange unit.
  • a charging system which includes the above-mentioned combined cycle system, and the circulating water tank of the combined cycle system recovers the heat emitted by the heating element in the charging system and is connected to a heat exchange unit.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the principle of using the piston engine to recover the heat in the exhaust gas of the micro gas turbine regenerator can solve the technical problem that the exhaust gas has a low calorific value and less heat cannot be efficiently recovered in the prior art.
  • the structure of the piston engine provided in the present invention is diverse, easy to implement, and suitable for different scenarios.
  • the power generating device of the present invention can adopt the principle of a linear motor and has a simple structure.
  • the piston engine can be arranged in multiple groups, and the efficiency of recovering waste heat is higher.
  • the installation of a vacuum pump in the piston engine can improve the recovery rate of exhaust waste heat.
  • the piston engine of the present invention does not require lubricating oil and grease, and the whole machine has a simple structure.
  • the combined cycle system of the present invention can further recover the heat generated by heating elements, such as engine casings, battery packs, and generators.
  • FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a structural diagram of the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a structural diagram of the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a structural diagram of the vacuum pump set in Fig. 4 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a structural diagram of the vacuum pump in Fig. 7 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a block diagram of another system of the present invention.
  • a combined cycle system of a micro gas turbine is provided.
  • the combined cycle system of the micro gas turbine of the present invention includes: a micro gas turbine 100, a heat exchange unit 200, a circulating water tank 300, a piston engine 400, and a power generation device 500.
  • the micro gas turbine 100 is provided with a regenerator 110;
  • the exhaust port of the heat exchange unit 110 is connected with the air intake port of the heat exchange unit 200 to provide a heat source for the heat exchange unit 200.
  • the exhaust port of the heat exchange unit 200 is open to the atmosphere, and the water inlet of the heat exchange unit 200 is connected to the outlet of the circulating water tank 300.
  • the water port is connected.
  • the steam outlet of the heat exchange unit 200 is connected to the piston engine 400.
  • the high pressure steam enters the piston engine 400 through the steam outlet to push the piston engine 400 to do work; the piston engine 400 is connected to the power generating device 500 to drive the power generating device 500 to generate electricity, and the circulating water tank 300 is connected to the piston
  • the engine 400 recovers water or a water-steam mixture converted from water vapor after performing work.
  • the exhaust gas discharged from the regenerator 110 of the micro gas turbine 100 can be transported to the heat exchange unit 200, while the circulating water tank 300 transports normal temperature water to the heat exchange unit 200.
  • the normal temperature water absorbs the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas.
  • the heat is vaporized in the heat exchange unit 200 to form high-pressure steam.
  • the high-pressure steam enters the piston engine 400 to push the pistons to do work. After the high-pressure steam does work, it becomes atmospheric steam or a water-steam mixture and enters the circulating water tank 300 for recycling.
  • the heat in the exhaust gas of the regenerator 110 is effectively used, and the overall efficiency of the micro gas turbine is improved.
  • the structure of the piston engine of the present invention can be realized by a variety of structures, for example, but not limited to the following structures.
  • the piston engine 400 is a single-side intake spring return type piston engine 410. As shown in Figure 2, it includes a cylinder block 411, a piston 412, a spring 413, a piston rod 414, a crank slider mechanism 415 and an output shaft 416.
  • the piston 412 is installed in the cylinder block 411, and one end of the piston rod 414 is connected to the piston 412 The other end extends out of the cylinder block 411 and is connected to the crank slider mechanism 415.
  • the crank slider mechanism 415 is connected to the output shaft 416.
  • the rodless cavity side of the cylinder block 411 is provided with a first air inlet 411-1.
  • An exhaust port 411-2, the first intake port 411-1 is connected to the heat exchange unit 200, the first exhaust port 411-2 is connected to the circulating water tank 300, and the output shaft 416 is connected to the power generator 500; the cylinder block 411 has a rod A spring 413 is provided on one side of the cavity for resetting the piston 412 after performing work.
  • an on-off valve 421 can be provided between the first air inlet 411-1, the first air outlet 411-2, and the cylinder block 411, and the on-off valve 421 can be controlled according to the specific working state of the piston engine. In order to realize the control of piston engine action.
  • the on-off valve 421 may be a mechanical on-off valve or an electric on-off valve.
  • the electric on-off valve is relatively simple in principle. It only needs to meet the high-frequency on-off, but it needs to be able to withstand higher temperatures and pressures; the mechanical on-off valve needs to combine the movement of its own piston. Interaction between the two, eliminating the frequency limit of program control, but its structure will be a little more complicated.
  • the piston engine 400 is a piston engine 420 with double intake air.
  • the spring 413 is omitted, and at the same time, a second air inlet 411-3 and a second air outlet 411-3 are provided on the side of the cylinder block 411 with the rod cavity. 4.
  • the second air inlet 411-3 is connected to the heat exchange unit 200, and the second air outlet 411-4 is connected to the circulating water tank 300.
  • the other structure is the same as that of the first embodiment, and no repeated description and labeling are made here.
  • the high-pressure steam enters the rodless cavity of the piston engine from the heat exchange unit 200 through the first air inlet 411-1, pushing the piston 412 to move linearly, and the piston 412 converts the linear motion of the piston 412 through the crank connecting rod mechanism 415
  • the output shaft 416 drives the power generating device 500 to generate electricity; after doing work, the high-pressure steam enters the rod cavity of the piston engine through the second air inlet 411-3, and pushes the piston 412 to the rodless cavity side.
  • the exhaust gas or steam-water mixture in the rodless cavity of the piston engine enters the circulating water tank 300 through the first exhaust port 411-2, and then enters the next cycle.
  • the rod cavity pushes the piston 412 to do work.
  • the exhaust gas or steam-water mixture in the rod cavity of the piston engine enters the circulating water tank 300 through the second exhaust port 411-4 to circulate.
  • a switch valve can be provided between the first intake port 411-1, the first exhaust port 411-2, the second intake port 411-3, the second exhaust port 411-4 and the cylinder block 411 421.
  • the on-off valve 421 is controlled according to the specific working state of the piston engine to realize the control of the reciprocating movement of the piston engine; the on-off valve 421 may be a mechanical on-off valve or an electric on-off valve.
  • this embodiment omits the spring, realizes the reciprocating movement of the piston through the intake and exhaust on both sides, improves the reliability of the control of the piston engine, and simplifies the structure.
  • the piston engine 400 is a two-cylinder controlled piston engine 430 that is horizontally opposed.
  • the dual-cylinder controlled piston engine 430 includes a crank slider mechanism 435 and a first cylinder and a second cylinder that are arranged opposite to the crank slider mechanism 435.
  • the crank slider mechanism 435 is a double slider structure, which includes a crank 435-1, a first slider 435-2, a first connecting rod 435-3, a second slider 435-4, and a second connecting rod 435- 5 and the output shaft 416; the output shaft 416 passes through the center of the crank 435-1, one end of the first connecting rod 435-3 and one end of the second connecting rod 435-5 are respectively connected to the two end faces of the crank 435-1 , And the connecting points are distributed on both sides of the output shaft 416, the other end of the first connecting rod 435-3 is connected to the first slider 435-2, and the other end of the second connecting rod 435-5 is connected to the second slider 435-4 .
  • the first cylinder includes: a first cylinder block 431, a first piston 432, a first piston rod 434, the first piston 432 is installed in the first cylinder block 431, one end of the first piston rod 434 is connected to the first piston 432, and the other One end extends out of the first cylinder block 431 and is connected to the first slider 435-2; the rodless cavity side of the first cylinder block 431 is provided with a first air inlet 411-1 and a first air outlet 411- 2.
  • the first air inlet 411-1 is connected to the heat exchange unit 200, and the first air outlet 411-2 is connected to the circulating water tank 300.
  • the second cylinder includes: a second cylinder block 437, a second piston 438, a second piston rod 439, and a second piston rod 439 installed in the second cylinder block 437.
  • One end of the second piston rod 438 is connected to the second piston 438, The other end extends out of the second cylinder block 437 and is connected with the second sliding block 435-4;
  • the second cylinder block 437 has a second air inlet 411-3 and a second exhaust port 411 on the rod cavity side.
  • the second air inlet 411-3 is connected to the heat exchange unit 200, and the second air outlet 411-4 is connected to the circulating water tank 300.
  • a switch valve 421 is provided between the first air inlet 411-1, the first air outlet 411-2, the second air inlet 411-3, and the second air outlet 411-4 and the cylinder.
  • the specific working state of the piston engine controls the on and off of the on-off valve 421 to realize the control of the reciprocating motion of the piston engine.
  • the on-off valve 421 may be a mechanical on-off valve or an electric on-off valve.
  • the inside of the heat exchange unit 200 can be connected to the first air inlet 411-1 and the second air inlet 411-3 through electromagnetic reversing valves, and the first air outlet 411-2 and the second row
  • the air ports 411-4 are connected to the circulating water tank 300 through an electromagnetic reversing valve, and the actions of the first cylinder and the second cylinder can be controlled by the action control of the electromagnetic reversing valve, making the control of the piston engine simpler and more accurate.
  • the piston engine 400 is a single-side intake spring return type piston engine 410, which includes:
  • the piston 412 is installed in the cylinder block 411, one end of the piston rod 414 is connected to the piston 412, and the other end extends out of the cylinder block 411 and is connected to a generator;
  • the piston engine 400 is a double-side-intake piston engine 420, and includes:
  • the piston 412 is installed in the cylinder block 411, one end of the piston rod 414 is connected to the piston 412, and the other end extends out of the cylinder block 411 and is connected to a linear generator;
  • the rodless cavity side of the cylinder block 411 is provided with a first intake port 411-1, a first exhaust port 411-2, and the cylinder block 411 has a rod cavity side with a second intake port 411-3.
  • the second exhaust port 411-4, the first intake port 411-1, the second intake port 411-3 are connected to the heat exchange unit 200, the first exhaust port 411-2, the second exhaust port 411-4 Connect the circulating water tank 300.
  • the piston engine 400 is a horizontally opposed two-cylinder controlled piston engine 430, which includes:
  • the first cylinder includes a first cylinder block 431, a first piston 432, and a first piston rod 434.
  • the first piston 432 is installed in the first cylinder block 431.
  • One end of the first piston rod 434 is connected to the first piston 432.
  • the other end extends out of the first cylinder block 431 and is connected to one end of the linear generator;
  • one side of the rodless cavity of the first cylinder block is provided with a first intake port 411-1 and a first exhaust port 411-2.
  • An air inlet 411-1 is connected to the heat exchange unit 200, and a first air outlet 411-2 is connected to the circulating water tank 300;
  • the second cylinder includes a second cylinder block 437, a second piston 438, a second piston rod 439, and a second piston rod 439 installed in the second cylinder block 437.
  • One end of the second piston rod 439 is connected to the second piston 438, and the other One end extends out of the second cylinder block 437 and is connected to the other end of the linear generator;
  • the second cylinder block 437 is provided with a second intake port 411-3 and a second exhaust port 411-4 on the rod cavity side,
  • the second air inlet 411-3 is connected to the heat exchange unit 200, and the second air outlet 411-4 is connected to the circulating water tank 300.
  • the specific selection of the structure of the power generation device can be optimized according to the working conditions and usage scenarios.
  • a single set of piston engines is provided to drive the operation of the power generating device
  • the present invention can also be provided with multiple sets of piston engines to drive the operation of the power generating device. That is, the piston engines are arranged in multiple groups, and the multiple groups of engines simultaneously drive multiple groups of cranks to rotate, and the multiple groups of cranks are installed on the same output shaft, and the output shaft is connected to the engine. This can improve the operating reliability of the power generation device and at the same time increase the power generation efficiency.
  • the rod cavity of the first cylinder and the rodless cavity of the second cylinder may be connected to the first vacuum pump P1 and the second vacuum pump P2, as shown in FIG. 8 , As shown in Figure 9.
  • the corresponding vacuum pump also starts to work at the same time, pumping the corresponding chamber to a negative pressure state.
  • the micro gas turbine combined cycle system of the present invention can further recover the waste heat of the micro gas turbine.
  • the water in the circulating water tank 300 may first pass through the heating element 700 to exchange cold and heat with the heating element 700.
  • the circulating water is raised from normal temperature to a certain temperature before entering the heat exchange unit 200 for heat exchange.
  • the above-mentioned heating element 700 generally refers to various elements whose temperature rises during operation, including the casing or shaft of the micro gas turbine 100, the casing of the power generation device 500, and the heating components of the equipment using the micro gas turbine.
  • the casing temperature of the gas turbine body is about 200°C
  • the temperature of the power generation device casing is about 80°C.
  • the heat exchange amount is considerable.
  • the specific heat exchange amount is affected by a series of factors such as volume, heat exchange pipe diameter, and flow rate. Give a detailed explanation.
  • the present invention also provides a vehicle using the micro gas turbine combined cycle system.
  • the above-mentioned circulating water can first recover the heat generated by the driving motor, battery pack, and electrical components in the vehicle, and then enter the heat exchange unit 200 to exchange heat, so as to recover the driving motor, battery pack, and electrical components of the handover tool.
  • the heat dissipated further improves the thermal efficiency of the micro gas turbine.
  • the present invention also provides a charging system using the micro gas turbine combined cycle system.
  • the above-mentioned circulating water can first recover the heat generated by the driving motor, battery pack, and electrical components in the charging system, and then enter the heat exchange unit to exchange heat.
  • the charging system can be a charging car, a mobile charging station, etc.
  • the advanced micro gas turbine has a series of advanced technical features such as multiple integrated expansion, multiple fuel, low fuel consumption rate, low noise, low emission, low vibration, low maintenance rate, remote control and diagnosis, etc.
  • distributed power generation it can also be used for Standby power stations, combined heat and power, grid-connected power generation, peak load power generation, etc., are the best way to provide clean, reliable, high-quality, multi-purpose, small-scale distributed power generation and combined heat and power, whether for central cities, remote suburbs or even remote rural areas. Applicable to all regions.
  • the structure of the micro gas turbine is simple and very compact, which saves installation space, is convenient for quick installation and transportation, and can well meet the small-scale and decentralized needs of distributed power supply; it has few moving parts and simple and compact structure, so it has good reliability and manufacturing. Low cost and maintenance cost; the advantages of good environmental adaptability and high power supply quality.
  • Micro gas turbines can be used for distributed power generation. Compared with central power stations, the power station is closer to users and has better reliability; for end users, it is a better environmentally friendly power generation device than other small power generation devices. Or it will become one of the basic components of public utilities in the future, which can operate in parallel with central power plants in the future.
  • the speed of the 45KW micro gas turbine with regenerator is 0 ⁇ 80,000RPM.
  • the fuel consumption is 200g/kWh ⁇ 500g/kWh; when the fuel is natural gas, the natural gas consumption is 0.2m3/kWh ⁇ 0.5m3/kWh; Circulating power output power can reach up to 60KW.
  • the speed of the 45KW micro gas turbine without regenerator is 0 ⁇ 80,000RPM.
  • the fuel consumption is 400g/kWh ⁇ 900g/kWh; when the fuel is natural gas, the natural gas consumption is 0.5m3/kWh ⁇ 1m3/kWh; The cycle power can reach up to 85KW.

Abstract

Un système combiné de circulation d'une microturbine à gaz, le système comprenant : une microturbine à gaz (100), une unité d'échange de chaleur (200), un réservoir d'eau de circulation (300), un moteur à piston (400) et un appareil générateur de puissance (500). Un orifice d'échappement d'un régénérateur de chaleur (110) de la microturbine à gaz est relié à une entrée d'air de l'unité d'échange de chaleur, de façon à fournir une source de chaleur pour l'unité d'échange de chaleur. Une entrée d'eau de l'unité d'échange de chaleur est reliée à une sortie d'eau du réservoir d'eau de circulation. Une sortie de vapeur de l'unité d'échange de chaleur est reliée au moteur à piston, afin que de la vapeur à haute pression entre dans le moteur à piston pour forcer le moteur à piston à travailler. Et le moteur à piston est relié à l'appareil générateur de puissance, de façon à amener l'appareil générateur de puissance à générer de la puissance. Le système décrit de circulation récupère et utilise l'énergie transportée dans les gaz d'échappement provenant du régénérateur de chaleur, ce qui améliore le rendement de la microturbine à gaz. Un véhicule et un système de charge sont également divulgués.
PCT/CN2020/135891 2019-12-27 2020-12-11 Système combiné de circulation de microturbine à gaz, véhicule et système de charge WO2021129424A1 (fr)

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