WO2021128007A1 - 基站天线 - Google Patents
基站天线 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2021128007A1 WO2021128007A1 PCT/CN2019/128002 CN2019128002W WO2021128007A1 WO 2021128007 A1 WO2021128007 A1 WO 2021128007A1 CN 2019128002 W CN2019128002 W CN 2019128002W WO 2021128007 A1 WO2021128007 A1 WO 2021128007A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- substrate
- conductive layer
- base station
- hole
- antenna array
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of communication technology, in particular to a base station antenna.
- the current MIMO antenna structure includes antenna elements, power division network PCB, metal reflector, feed core and calibration network PCB board and other components.
- the oscillator and power division network are connected by welding, and the power division network and calibration network are simplified.
- the form of the feed core is welded to realize the signal connection, and the power divider board and the calibration board are integrally fixed to the metal reflector to realize the antenna array assembly.
- the overall structural parts are more complicated to assemble, and the degree of automation is low, which easily affects the consistency of the performance indicators of the antenna channels.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a base station antenna to solve the technical problems of complex assembly of existing base station antennas and inconsistent indicators of various channels.
- a base station antenna comprising an integrally formed bracket and a plurality of antenna array parts arranged along the first direction of the bracket, including an integrally formed bracket, arranged on one side of the bracket and along the A plurality of antenna array portions arranged in a first direction of the support and a calibration plate provided on the side of the support away from the antenna array portion
- the support includes a first substrate and a container provided on one side of the first substrate
- the accommodating groove, the antenna array portion is arranged on the side of the first substrate facing away from the accommodating groove
- the calibration plate is arranged in the accommodating groove
- the first substrate is provided with the accommodating groove
- One side of the groove is provided with a reflective conductive layer
- the side of the first substrate opposite to the containing groove is provided with a power division network layer, and the power division network layer is electrically connected to the calibration plate.
- the bracket further includes a plurality of first conductive pillars protruding from the side of the first substrate facing away from the accommodating groove, and protruding on the side of the first substrate where the accommodating groove is provided.
- a number of second conductive pillars and through holes that pass through the first substrate and the second conductive pillars at the same time, the second conductive pillars are arranged in the accommodating groove;
- the outer periphery of the first conductive pillars is provided with a first Conductive layer
- the outer periphery of the second conductive pillar and the end away from the first substrate and the hole wall surface of the through hole are provided with a second conductive layer
- the power division network layer is connected to the first conductive layer and the
- the second conductive layer is electrically connected, the first conductive layer is electrically connected to the antenna array part, the second conductive layer is electrically connected to the calibration plate, the power division network layer, the first conductive layer And the second conductive layer is formed as a feeding module for feeding the antenna array part
- the first substrate is provided with a plurality of grounding posts protrudingly provided on one side of the accommodating groove, and the outer circumference of the grounding posts is provided with a third conductive layer electrically connected to the reflective conductive layer, and the third conductive layer is electrically connected to the reflective conductive layer.
- the conductive layer is electrically connected with the calibration plate.
- the calibration board includes a second substrate, a ground layer and a power feeding interface provided on the second substrate, the second conductive layer is electrically connected to the power feeding interface, and the third conductive layer is electrically connected to the power feeding interface.
- the ground layer is electrically connected.
- each of the antenna array parts includes a plurality of antenna array elements arranged along the second direction of the support, each of the antenna array elements includes a plurality of antenna elements arranged along the first direction, and The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.
- the antenna element includes a first metal plate and a second metal plate spaced apart from the first substrate, and a second metal plate. The first metal plate is spaced apart from the second metal plate. The side of the board away from the first substrate.
- the first metal plate is provided with a plurality of first snap holes and a plurality of perforations
- the first substrate is provided with a plurality of first snaps adapted to the first snap holes and a plurality of first snaps adapted to the perforations
- the positioning pin, the first buckle is clamped in the first hole, and the positioning pin passes through the perforation.
- the second metal plate is provided with a second clamping hole, a plurality of welding holes, a first avoiding hole for avoiding the first buckle, and a second avoiding hole for avoiding the positioning pin.
- the first substrate is provided with a second buckle adapted to the second buckle hole, the second buckle is clamped in the second buckle hole, and a plurality of the first conductive posts are far away from the first substrate One end is welded to the welding hole.
- the bracket further includes a plurality of first isolation plates extending along the first direction and a plurality of second isolation plates extending along the second direction.
- the first isolation plates and the second isolation plates are vertical and horizontal.
- a number of receiving cavities are staggered and formed with the first substrate, and each of the receiving cavities is provided with one antenna array unit.
- the base station antenna further includes a plurality of spacers arranged between the adjacent antenna elements, a plurality of guide grooves are provided directly opposite the adjacent first isolating plates, and the first substrate faces the antenna elements
- a number of third buckles are provided on one side, the spacer is inserted into the guide groove, and the third buckles are clamped at the end of the spacer away from the first substrate.
- the first base plate is provided with a plurality of reinforcing ribs on one side of the accommodating groove, and the two first isolation plates arranged on the edge of the first base plate face from the first base plate at the same time. Close to and away from the antenna array portion and extend perpendicular to the direction of the first substrate, part of the reinforcing ribs, part of the first isolation plate and the first substrate are jointly enclosed to form the accommodating groove.
- the reflective conductive layer is used to improve the radiation efficiency of the antenna array part, which has the same function as the reflector in the existing base station antenna; by dividing the power into the network layer, the first conductive layer, the second conductive layer and the The reflective conductive layer is fabricated on the integrated support, and there is no need to separately fabricate the metal reflector and the feed core.
- the side of the first substrate away from the antenna array is provided with a accommodating slot for accommodating the calibration plate, and will be provided with
- the second conductive column of the second conductive layer is welded to the calibration board to realize the electrical connection between the power division network layer and the calibration network layer, making the structure of the base station antenna simpler, simplifying the assembly process of the base station antenna, and reducing the need for each channel of the base station antenna.
- the impact of performance indicators also greatly reduces the weight and cost of the base station antenna.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of one angle of a base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the base station antenna shown in Fig. 1;
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another angle of a base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 4 is an exploded view of the base station antenna shown in Fig. 3;
- Figure 5 is a partial enlarged view of C in Figure 4.
- Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a support structure provided by an embodiment of the invention.
- Fig. 7 is a partial enlarged view at D in Fig. 6;
- Figure 8 is a partial enlarged view of A in Figure 1;
- Fig. 9 is a partial enlarged view at B in Fig. 2.
- base station antenna 100, bracket; 111, first substrate; 121, first conductive pillar; 122, second conductive pillar; 123, through hole; 131, first conductive layer; 132, second conductive layer 133, power division network layer; 134, reflective conductive layer; 135, third conductive layer; 141, first buckle; 142, positioning pin; 143, second buckle; 151, first isolation plate; 152, first Two isolation plates; 153, receiving cavity; 154, guide groove; 161, third buckle; 171. Reinforcing rib; 181. Grounding post; 191. Receiving slot; 2. Antenna array section; 20. Antenna array unit; 200. Antenna element; 210. First metal plate; 211.
- the embodiment of the present invention provides a base station antenna 10, which includes an integrally formed bracket 100, a plurality of antenna array portions 2 arranged on one side of the bracket 100 and arranged along a first direction of the bracket 100, and a plurality of antenna array portions 2 arranged on the bracket 100 away from the antenna array portion 2
- the support 100 On one side of the calibration plate 400, the support 100 includes a first substrate 111 and a receiving groove 191 provided on the side of the first substrate 111.
- the antenna array portion 2 is provided on the side of the first substrate 111 facing away from the receiving groove 191.
- the board 400 is arranged in the accommodating groove 191, the side of the first substrate 111 where the accommodating groove 191 is provided is provided with a reflective conductive layer 134, and the side of the first substrate 111 opposite to the accommodating groove 191 is provided with a power division network layer 133.
- the power division network layer 133 is electrically connected to the calibration board 400.
- the bracket 100 further includes a plurality of first conductive pillars 121 protrudingly provided on the side of the first substrate 111 opposite to the accommodating groove 191, a plurality of second conductive pillars 122 protrudingly provided on the side of the first substrate 111 where the accommodating groove 191 is provided, and At the same time, the through holes 123 passing through the first substrate 111 and the second conductive pillar 122, the second conductive pillar 122 is disposed in the accommodating groove 191; the first conductive pillar 121 is provided with a first conductive layer 131 on the outer circumference of the second conductive pillar 122 And the end far away from the first substrate 111 and the hole wall surface of the through hole 123 is provided with a second conductive layer 132, the power division network layer 133 is electrically connected to the first conductive layer 131 and the second conductive layer 132, and the first conductive layer 131 is electrically connected to the first conductive layer 131 and the second conductive layer 132.
- the antenna array part 2 is electrically connected, the second conductive layer 132 is electrically connected to the calibration plate 400, the power division network layer 133, the first conductive layer 131, and the second conductive layer 132 are formed as a power feeding module for the antenna array part 2.
- the two conductive layers 132 are electrically isolated from the reflective conductive layer 134.
- the reflective conductive layer 134 is used to improve the radiation efficiency of the antenna array section 2, which has the same function as the reflector in the existing base station antenna; by dividing the power dividing network layer 133, the first conductive layer 131, and the second The conductive layer 132 and the reflective conductive layer 134 are fabricated on the integrated support 100, and there is no need to separately fabricate the metal reflector and the feed core, so that the structure of the base station antenna 10 is simpler, and at the same time, the first substrate is away from the antenna array part.
- a accommodating slot for accommodating the calibration board is provided on one side, thus simplifying the assembly process of the base station antenna 10 and reducing the impact on the performance indicators of each channel of the base station antenna 10 at the same time. Therefore, the base station antenna 10 provided by the embodiment of the present invention has a simple structure, good consistency in indicators of various channels, and a significant reduction in weight and cost.
- each antenna array section 2 includes a plurality of antenna array elements 20 arranged along the second direction of the support 100, and each antenna array element 20 includes a plurality of antenna elements 200 arranged along the first direction.
- the two directions are perpendicular.
- the antenna element 200 includes a first metal plate 210 and a second metal plate 220 that are spaced and parallel to the first substrate 111.
- the first metal plate 210 is spaced apart on a side of the second metal plate 220 away from the first substrate 111. .
- the base station antenna 10 provided by the embodiment of the present invention has two antenna array units 2 arranged along the first direction, and each antenna array unit 2 has eight antenna array units 20 arranged along the second direction.
- the array unit 20 arranges three antenna elements 200 along the first direction. It can be understood that the number of arrangement of the antenna array portion 2, the antenna array unit 20 and the antenna elements 200 is not limited by this embodiment, and can be set according to actual requirements.
- the first metal plate 210 is provided with a plurality of first clamping holes 211 and a plurality of through holes 212
- the first substrate 111 is provided with a plurality of first buckles 141 adapted to the first clamping holes 211 and a plurality of first buckles 141 adapted to the through holes 212.
- the positioning pin 142, the first buckle 141 is clamped in the first clamping hole 211, and the positioning pin 142 is penetrated through the through hole 212.
- the first metal plate 210 is further strengthened by the cooperation of the first buckle 141 and the first buckle 141 to stabilize the first metal plate 210.
- the first metal plate 210 can be any kind of thin metal such as nickel silver, aluminum alloy, stainless steel, etc., and can also be in a shape of a circle, a rectangle, etc., and mainly plays a role of radiation and guiding.
- the second metal plate 220 is provided with a second clamping hole 221, a plurality of welding holes 222, a first avoiding hole 223 for avoiding the first buckle 141, and a second avoiding hole 224 for avoiding the positioning pin 142.
- a substrate 111 is provided with a second snap 143 adapted to the second snap hole 221, the second snap 143 is snapped on the second snap hole 221, and one end of a plurality of first conductive posts 121 away from the first substrate 111 is soldered for welding ⁇ 222.
- the first metal plate 210 can be any kind of thin metal such as nickel silver, aluminum alloy, stainless steel, etc., and can also be in a shape of a circle, a rectangle, etc., which mainly functions as a radiation.
- the second metal plate 220 is further provided with a plurality of bending parts 225, and the bending parts 225 extend from the second metal plate 220 in a direction close to the first substrate 111.
- the bent portion 225 functions to extend the electrical length of the antenna element 200.
- the first metal plate 210 is circular, and is symmetrically provided with two first holes 211 and two perforations 212 with respect to the center of the circle.
- the connecting line between the two first holes 211 and the two The connection lines of the through holes 212 are perpendicular to each other.
- the first substrate 111 is correspondingly provided with two first buckles 141 adapted to the first hole 211 and two positioning pins 142 adapted to the through hole 212, and the second metal plate 220 corresponds to Two first avoiding holes 223 and two second avoiding holes 224 are provided.
- the second metal plate 220 is square, with a second clamping hole 221 in the center, four welding holes 222 are arranged at equal intervals around the second clamping hole 221, and the central axis of the first metal plate 210 and the second metal plate 220 The central axes coincide.
- the first substrate 111 is correspondingly provided with a second buckle 143 and four first conductive pillars 121, and the first conductive pillars 121 support and conduct electricity to the second metal plate 220.
- the four corners of the second metal plate 220 are bent and extended toward the first substrate 111 to form four bent portions 225.
- the second metal plate 220 is electrically connected to the first conductive layer 131 to realize power feeding, and the first metal plate 210 is coupled to realize power feeding.
- the bracket 100 further includes a plurality of first isolation plates 151 extending along a first direction and a plurality of second isolation plates 152 extending along a second direction.
- the first isolation plates 151 and the second isolation plates 152 are crisscrossed and intersected with the first isolation plates 151 and 152.
- the substrate 111 forms a plurality of accommodating cavities 153, and each accommodating cavity 153 is provided with an antenna array unit 20.
- the base station antenna 10 further includes a plurality of spacers 300 arranged between adjacent antenna elements 200, the adjacent first isolating plates 151 are provided with a number of guide grooves 154 directly opposite to each other, and the first substrate 111 is provided on the side facing the antenna element 200.
- the first isolation board 151, the second isolation board 152, and the isolation sheet 300 are provided with a metal layer on the side facing the antenna element 200, that is, the guide groove 154 is also provided with a metal layer.
- the spacer 300 and the guide groove 154 can be spot welded and fixed to prevent the bracket 100 from being scrapped.
- the spacer 300 may also be a PCB board or a thin metal plate made of materials such as nickel silver or aluminum alloy.
- the first substrate 111 is provided with a plurality of reinforcing ribs 171 on the side where the receiving groove 191 is provided.
- the two first isolation plates 151 arranged on the edge of the first substrate 111 extend from the first substrate 111 toward and away from the antenna array portion 2 and perpendicular to the first substrate 111 at the same time. Part of the reinforcing ribs 171 and part of the first isolation The plate 151 and the first substrate 111 jointly enclose a receiving groove 191.
- the two second isolation plates 152 provided on the edge of the first substrate 111 also extend from the first substrate 111 toward and away from the antenna array portion 2 and perpendicular to the first substrate 111 at the same time.
- part of the reinforcing ribs 171, part of the second isolation plate 152, and the first substrate 111 may also be jointly enclosed to form the accommodating groove 191, or part of the reinforcing ribs 171 and the first substrate 111 may be jointly enclosed to form a housing. ⁇ 191 ⁇ ⁇ 191.
- the first substrate 111 is further provided with a plurality of grounding posts 181 on the side where the accommodating groove 191 is provided, and the outer circumference of the grounding posts 181 is provided with a third conductive layer 135 electrically connected to the reflective conductive layer 134, The third conductive layer 135 is electrically connected to the calibration plate 400.
- the integrated bracket 100 is plastic injection molded and then selectively electroplated with metal layers to form the first conductive layer 131, the second conductive layer 132, and the power division network layer 133, and the electroplating area is separated from the non-electroplating area by laser engraving. Electroplating area. Understandably, the first conductive layer 131, the second conductive layer 132, and the power division network layer 133 may also be formed of non-metal conductive materials.
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Abstract
本发明提供一种基站天线，包括一体成型的支架、设于所述支架一侧且沿所述支架的第一方向排布的若干天线阵列部以及设于所述支架远离所述天线阵列部一侧的校准板，所述支架包括第一基板和设于所述第一基板一侧的容置槽，所述天线阵列部设于所述第一基板背对所述容置槽的一侧，所述校准板设于所述容置槽内，所述第一基板设有所述容置槽的一侧设有反射导电层，所述第一基板背对所述容置槽的一侧设有功分网络层，所述功分网络层与所述校准板电连接。本发明提供的基站天线不需要再另外单独制作金属反射板和馈电芯，结构简单，组装工艺简化，同时降低对基站天线各通道性能指标的影响，另外也大大降低了基站天线的重量和成本。
Description
本发明涉及通讯技术领域，尤其涉及一种基站天线。
随着5G基站快速商用，轻量化、小型化、一体化等天线阵列设计成为5G MIMO天线逐步演进的技术趋势。目前的MIMO天线结构形式为天线振子、功分网络PCB、金属反射板、馈电芯和校准网络PCB板等部件，振子和功分网络通过焊接实现馈电连接，功分网络与校准网络通过简化形式的馈电芯焊接实现信号连接，功分板与校准板整体固定到金属反射板上实现天线阵面组装。整体结构零件多组装复杂，自动化程度低，极易影响天线各通道性能指标一致性。
因此，有必要提供一种结构简单的一体化基站天线。
本发明的目的在于提供一种基站天线，以解决现有基站天线组装复杂、各通道指标易出现不一致的技术问题。
本发明的技术方案如下：一种基站天线，包括一体成型的支架和若干沿所述支架的第一方向排布的天线阵列部，包括一体成型的支架、设于所述支架一侧且沿所述支架的第一方向排布的若干天线阵列部以及设于所述支架远离所述天线阵列部一侧的校准板，所述支架包括第一基板和设于所述第一基板一侧的容置槽，所述天线阵列部设于所述第一基板背对所述容置槽的一侧，所述校准板设于所述容置槽内，所述第一基板设有所述容置槽的一侧设有反射导电层，所述第一基板背对所述容置槽的一侧设有功分网络层，所述功分网络层与所述校准板电连接。
进一步地，所述支架还包括凸设于所述第一基板背对所述容置槽一侧的若干第一导电柱、凸设于所述第一基板设有所述容置槽一侧的若干第二导电柱以及同时贯穿所述第一基板和所述第二导电柱的通孔，所述第二导电柱设于所述容置槽中；所述第一导电柱外周设有第一导电层，所述第二导电柱外周以及远离所述第一基板的端部和所述通孔的孔壁面设有第二导电层，所述功分网络层与所述第一导电层和所述第二导电层电连接，所述第一导电层与所述天线阵列部电连接，所述第二导电层与所述校准板电连接，所述功分网络层、所述第一导电层以及所述第二导电层形成为所述天线阵列部馈电的馈电模块，所述第二导电层与所述反射导电层电隔离。
进一步地，所述第一基板设有所述容置槽一侧还凸设有若干接地柱，所述接地柱外周设有与所述反射导电层电连接的第三导电层，所述第三导电层与所述校准板电连接。
进一步地，所述校准板包括第二基板以及设于所述第二基板的接地层和馈电接口，所述第二导电层与所述馈电接口电连接，所述第三导电层与所述接地层电连接。
进一步地，每一所述天线阵列部包括若干沿所述支架的第二方向排布的天线阵列单元，每一所述天线阵列单元包括若干沿所述第一方向排布的天线阵子，所述第一方向与所述第二方向垂直，所述天线阵子包括与所述第一基板间隔平行设置的第一金属板和第二金属板，所述第一金属板间隔设于所述第二金属板远离所述第一基板的一侧。
进一步地，所述第一金属板设有若干第一卡孔和若干穿孔，所述第一基板设有若干与所述第一卡孔适配的第一卡扣以及若干与所述穿孔适配的定位销，所述第一卡扣卡设于所述第一卡孔，所述定位销穿设于所述穿孔。
进一步地，所述第二金属板设有第二卡孔、若干焊接孔以及用于避让所述第一卡扣的第一避让孔和用于避让所述定位销的第二避让孔，所述第一基板设有与所述第二卡孔适配的第二卡扣，所述第二卡扣卡设于所述第二卡孔，若干所述第一导电柱远离所述第一基板的一端焊接于所述焊接孔。
进一步地，所述支架还包括若干沿所述第一方向延伸的第一隔离板和若干沿所述第二方向延伸的第二隔离板，所述第一隔离板和所述第二隔离板纵横交错且与所述第一基板形成若干个收容腔，每个所述收容腔设有一个所述天线阵列单元。
进一步地，所述基站天线还包括若干设于相邻所述天线阵子之间的隔离片，相邻所述第一隔离板正对设有若干导向槽，所述第一基板朝向所述天线阵子一侧设有若干第三卡扣，所述隔离片卡插于所述导向槽，所述第三卡扣卡设于所述隔离片远离所述第一基板的端部。
进一步地，所述第一基板设有所述容置槽一侧还设有若干加强筋，设于所述第一基板的边缘的两个所述第一隔离板自所述第一基板同时朝靠近和远离所述天线阵列部且垂直于所述第一基板的方向延伸，部分所述加强筋、部分所述第一隔离板以及所述第一基板共同围合形成所述容置槽。
本发明的有益效果在于：反射导电层用于提高天线阵列部的辐射效率，与现有的基站天线中反射板的作用相同；通过将功分网络层、第一导电层、第二导电层和反射导电层制作在一体化的支架上，不需要再另外单独制作金属反射板和馈电芯，在第一基板背离天线阵列部的一侧设置有收容校准板的容置槽，并将设有第二导电层的第二导电柱焊接到校准板，实现功分网络层与校准网络层的电连接，使基站天线的结构更加简单，简化了基站天线的组装工艺，同时降低对基站天线各通道性能指标的影响，另外也大大降低了基站天线的重量和成本。
图1为本发明实施例提供的基站天线一个角度的结构示意图；
图2为图1所示的基站天线的爆炸图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的基站天线另一角度的结构示意图；
图4为图3所示的基站天线的爆炸图；
图5为图4中C处的局部放大图；
图6为本发明实施例提供的支架结构示意图；
图7为图6中D处的局部放大图；
图8为图1中A处的局部放大图;
图9为图2中B处的局部放大图。
图中：10、基站天线；100、支架；111、第一基板；121、第一导电柱；122、第二导电柱；123、通孔；131、第一导电层；132、第二导电层；133、功分网络层；134、反射导电层；135、第三导电层；141、第一卡扣；142、定位销；143、第二卡扣；151、第一隔离板；152、第二隔离板；153、收容腔；154、导向槽； 161、第三卡扣；
171、加强筋；181、接地柱；191、容置槽；2、天线阵列部；20、天线阵列单元；200、天线阵子；210、第一金属板；211、第一卡孔；212、穿孔；220、第二金属板；221、第二卡孔；222、焊接孔；223、第一避让孔；224、第二避让孔；225、弯折部；300、隔离片；400、校准板；410、第二基板；420、接地层；430、馈电接口。
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请的各实施方式进行详细的阐述。然而，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解，在本申请各实施方式中，为了使读者更好地理解本申请而提出了许多技术细节。但是，即使没有这些技术细节和基于以下各实施方式的种种变化和修改，也可以实现本申请所要求保护的技术方案。
需要说明的是，本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。
请参阅图1至图7，定义图1中x方向为第一方向，y方向为第二方向。本发明实施例提供一种基站天线10，包括一体成型的支架100、设于支架100一侧且沿支架100的第一方向排布的若干天线阵列部2以及设于支架100远离天线阵列部2一侧的校准板400，支架100包括第一基板111和设于第一基板111一侧的容置槽191，天线阵列部2设于第一基板111背对容置槽191的一侧，校准板400设于容置槽191内，第一基板111设有容置槽191的一侧设有反射导电层134，第一基板111背对容置槽191的一侧设有功分网络层133，功分网络层133与校准板400电连接。支架100还包括凸设于第一基板111背对容置槽191一侧的若干第一导电柱121、凸设于第一基板111设有容置槽191一侧的若干第二导电柱122以及同时贯穿第一基板111和第二导电柱122的通孔123，第二导电柱122设于容置槽191中；第一导电柱121外周设有第一导电层131，第二导电柱122外周以及远离第一基板111的端部和通孔123的孔壁面设有第二导电层132，功分网络层133与第一导电层131和第二导电层132电连接，第一导电层131与天线阵列部2电连接，第二导电层132与校准板400电连接，功分网络层133、第一导电层131以及第二导电层132形成为天线阵列部2馈电的馈电模块，第二导电层132与反射导电层134电隔离。在本实施例中，反射导电层134用于提高天线阵列部2的辐射效率，与现有的基站天线中反射板的作用相同；通过将功分网络层133、第一导电层131、第二导电层132和反射导电层134制作在一体化的支架100上，不需要再另外单独制作金属反射板和馈电芯，使基站天线10的结构更加简单，同时在第一基板背离天线阵列部的一侧设置有收容校准板的容置槽，因而简化了基站天线10的组装工艺，同时降低对基站天线10各通道性能指标的影响。因此，本发明实施例提供的基站天线10结构简单、各通道指标一致性好，且重量和成本大幅降低。
优选地，每一天线阵列部2包括若干沿支架100的第二方向排布的天线阵列单元20，每一天线阵列单元20包括若干沿第一方向排布的天线阵子200，第一方向与第二方向垂直，天线阵子200包括与第一基板111间隔平行设置的第一金属板210和第二金属板220，第一金属板210间隔设于第二金属板220远离第一基板111的一侧。请继续参阅图1，本发明实施例提供的基站天线10沿第一方向排布两个天线阵列部2，每个天线阵列部2沿第二方向排布八个天线阵列单元20，每个天线阵列单元20沿第一方向排布三个天线阵子200。可以理解地，天线阵列部2、天线阵列单元20以及天线阵子200的排布数量不受本实施例的限制，可根据实际需求进行设置。
优选地，第一金属板210设有若干第一卡孔211和若干穿孔212，第一基板111设有若干与第一卡孔211适配的第一卡扣141以及若干与穿孔212适配的定位销142，第一卡扣141卡设于第一卡孔211内，定位销142穿设于穿孔212。第一金属板210通过定位销142和穿孔212的配合预定位到支架100上后，进一步通过第一卡扣141和第一卡扣141的配合加强第一金属板210的稳定固定。第一金属板210可以为洋白铜、铝合金、不锈钢等任一种金属薄片，也可以设为圆形、矩形等形状，主要起到辐射和引向的作用。
优选地，第二金属板220设有第二卡孔221、若干焊接孔222以及用于避让第一卡扣141的第一避让孔223和用于避让定位销142的第二避让孔224，第一基板111设有与第二卡孔221适配的第二卡扣143，第二卡扣143卡设于第二卡孔221，若干第一导电柱121远离第一基板111的一端焊接于焊接孔222。第二金属板220通过第二卡扣143和第二卡孔221的配合预定位到支架100后，进一步通过第一导电柱121焊接到第二金属板220的焊接孔222实现第二金属板220的稳定固定。第一金属板210可以为洋白铜、铝合金、不锈钢等任一种金属薄片，也可以设为圆形、矩形等形状，主要起到辐射的作用。第二金属板220还设有若干弯折部225，弯折部225自第二金属板220朝靠近第一基板111的方向延伸。弯折部225起到延长天线阵子200电长度的作用。
请参阅图7至图9，第一金属板210为圆形，相对其圆心分别对称设有两个第一卡孔211和两个穿孔212，两个第一卡孔211的连线与两个穿孔212的连线相互垂直，第一基板111对应设有两个与第一卡孔211适配的第一卡扣141和两个与穿孔212适配的定位销142，第二金属板220对应设有两个第一避让孔223和两个第二避让孔224。第二金属板220为方形，其中心设有一个第二卡孔221，环绕第二卡孔221等间距设有四个焊接孔222，第一金属板210的中心轴线与第二金属板220的中心轴线重合。第一基板111对应设有一个第二卡扣143和四个第一导电柱121，第一导电柱121对第二金属板220起到支撑和导电的作用。第二金属板220的四个角部朝第一基板111方向弯折延伸形成四个弯折部225。第二金属板220通过电连接于第一导电层131实现馈电，第一金属板210通过耦合作用实现馈电。
优选地，支架100还包括若干沿第一方向延伸的第一隔离板151和若干沿第二方向延伸的第二隔离板152，第一隔离板151和第二隔离板152纵横交错且与第一基板111形成若干个收容腔153，每个收容腔153设有一个天线阵列单元20。在本实施例中，第一隔离板151设有九个，第二隔离板152设有三个，共形成十六个收容腔153，每个收容腔153内对应设有一个天线阵列单元20。
优选地，基站天线10还包括若干设于相邻天线阵子200之间的隔离片300，相邻第一隔离板151正对设有若干导向槽154，第一基板111朝向天线阵子200一侧设有若干第三卡扣161，隔离片300卡插于导向槽154，第三卡扣161卡设于隔离片300远离第一基板111的端部。通过该种设置方式，便于隔离片300安装与固定，方便快捷且不需要焊接工艺。在本实施例中，第一隔离板151、第二隔离板152和隔离片300朝向天线阵子200的一侧设有金属层，即导向槽154内也设有金属层，在组装隔离片300时，如果第三卡扣161出现断裂的情况，可以将隔离片300与导向槽154进行点焊固定，避免支架100报废。可以理解地，隔离片300也可以为PCB板或者洋白铜、铝合金等材料制成的金属薄板。
请再次参阅图3和图4，第一基板111设有容置槽191一侧还设有若干加强筋171。通过设置加强筋171，可以增强支架100的整体结构强度，增大支架100的平面度，并减少支架100变形的情况发生。设于第一基板111的边缘的两个第一隔离板151自第一基板111同时朝靠近和远离天线阵列部2且垂直于第一基板111的方向延伸，部分加强筋171、部分第一隔离板151以及第一基板111共同围合形成容置槽191。在本实施例中，设于第一基板111的边缘的两个第二隔离板152也自第一基板111同时朝靠近和远离天线阵列部2且垂直于第一基板111的方向延伸，可以理解，在其他实施方式中，部分加强筋171、部分第二隔离板152以及第一基板111也可以共同围合形成容置槽191，或者，部分加强筋171和第一基板111共同围合形成容置槽191。
请再次参阅图4和图5，第一基板111设有容置槽191一侧还凸设有若干接地柱181，接地柱181外周设有与反射导电层电134连接的第三导电层135，第三导电层135与校准板400电连接。
校准板400包括第二基板410以及设于第二基板410的接地层420和馈电接口430，第二导电层132与馈电接口430电连接，第三导电层135与接地层420电连接。具体地，第二导电柱122与校准板400的馈电接口430焊接，实现校准网络与功分网络的电连接；接地柱181与校准板400的接地层420焊接，实现功分网络与校准网络共地，提供性能一致性。
在本实施例中，一体化的支架100通过塑料注塑后选择性电镀出金属层形成第一导电层131、第二导电层132和功分网络层133，并通过激光镭雕分开电镀区与非电镀区。可以理解地，第一导电层131、第二导电层132和功分网络层133也可以采用非金属导电材料形成。
以上所述仅是本发明的实施方式，在此应当指出，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下，还可以做出改进，但这些均属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
- 基站天线，其特征在于，包括一体成型的支架、设于所述支架一侧且沿所述支架的第一方向排布的若干天线阵列部以及设于所述支架远离所述天线阵列部一侧的校准板，所述支架包括第一基板和设于所述第一基板一侧的容置槽，所述天线阵列部设于所述第一基板背对所述容置槽的一侧，所述校准板设于所述容置槽内，所述第一基板设有所述容置槽的一侧设有反射导电层，所述第一基板背对所述容置槽的一侧设有功分网络层，所述功分网络层与所述校准板电连接。
- 根据权利要求1所述的基站天线，其特征在于，所述支架还包括凸设于所述第一基板背对所述容置槽一侧的若干第一导电柱、凸设于所述第一基板设有所述容置槽一侧的若干第二导电柱以及同时贯穿所述第一基板和所述第二导电柱的通孔，所述第二导电柱设于所述容置槽中；所述第一导电柱外周设有第一导电层，所述第二导电柱外周以及远离所述第一基板的端部和所述通孔的孔壁面设有第二导电层，所述功分网络层与所述第一导电层和所述第二导电层电连接，所述第一导电层与所述天线阵列部电连接，所述第二导电层与所述校准板电连接，所述功分网络层、所述第一导电层以及所述第二导电层形成为所述天线阵列部馈电的馈电模块，所述第二导电层与所述反射导电层电隔离。
- 根据权利要求2所述的基站天线，其特征在于，所述第一基板设有所述容置槽一侧还凸设有若干接地柱，所述接地柱外周设有与所述反射导电层电连接的第三导电层，所述第三导电层与所述校准板电连接。
- 根据权利要求3所述的基站天线，其特征在于，所述校准板包括第二基板以及设于所述第二基板的接地层和馈电接口，所述第二导电层与所述馈电接口电连接，所述第三导电层与所述接地层电连接。
- 根据权利要求2所述的基站天线，其特征在于，每一所述天线阵列部包括若干沿所述支架的第二方向排布的天线阵列单元，每一所述天线阵列单元包括若干沿所述第一方向排布的天线阵子，所述第一方向与所述第二方向垂直，所述天线阵子包括与所述第一基板间隔平行设置的第一金属板和第二金属板，所述第一金属板间隔设于所述第二金属板远离所述第一基板的一侧。
- 根据权利要求5所述的基站天线，其特征在于，所述第一金属板设有若干第一卡孔和若干穿孔，所述第一基板设有若干与所述第一卡孔适配的第一卡扣以及若干与所述穿孔适配的定位销，所述第一卡扣卡设于所述第一卡孔，所述定位销穿设于所述穿孔。
- 根据权利要求6所述的基站天线，其特征在于，所述第二金属板设有第二卡孔、若干焊接孔以及用于避让所述第一卡扣的第一避让孔和用于避让所述定位销的第二避让孔，所述第一基板设有与所述第二卡孔适配的第二卡扣，所述第二卡扣卡设于所述第二卡孔，若干所述第一导电柱远离所述第一基板的一端焊接于所述焊接孔。
- 根据权利要求5所述的基站天线，其特征在于，所述支架还包括若干沿所述第一方向延伸的第一隔离板和若干沿所述第二方向延伸的第二隔离板，所述第一隔离板和所述第二隔离板纵横交错且与所述第一基板形成若干个收容腔，每个所述收容腔设有一个所述天线阵列单元。
- 根据权利要求8所述的基站天线，其特征在于，所述基站天线还包括若干设于相邻所述天线阵子之间的隔离片，相邻所述第一隔离板正对设有若干导向槽，所述第一基板朝向所述天线阵子一侧设有若干第三卡扣，所述隔离片卡插于所述导向槽，所述第三卡扣卡设于所述隔离片远离所述第一基板的端部。
- 根据权利要求8所述的基站天线，其特征在于，所述第一基板设有所述容置槽一侧还设有若干加强筋，设于所述第一基板的边缘的两个所述第一隔离板自所述第一基板同时朝靠近和远离所述天线阵列部且垂直于所述第一基板的方向延伸，部分所述加强筋、部分所述第一隔离板以及所述第一基板共同围合形成所述容置槽。
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