WO2021120532A1 - 泡沫均混管、混合泡沫灭火系统及其控制方法以及消防车 - Google Patents

泡沫均混管、混合泡沫灭火系统及其控制方法以及消防车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021120532A1
WO2021120532A1 PCT/CN2020/094105 CN2020094105W WO2021120532A1 WO 2021120532 A1 WO2021120532 A1 WO 2021120532A1 CN 2020094105 W CN2020094105 W CN 2020094105W WO 2021120532 A1 WO2021120532 A1 WO 2021120532A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
foam
liquid
homomixing
foaming
pipe
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PCT/CN2020/094105
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
田志坚
徐小东
赵阳光
王利军
樊艳阳
Original Assignee
徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司
徐工消防安全装备有限公司
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Application filed by 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司, 徐工消防安全装备有限公司 filed Critical 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司
Priority to DE112020006128.0T priority Critical patent/DE112020006128T5/de
Publication of WO2021120532A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021120532A1/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62CFIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C5/00Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use
    • A62C5/02Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use of foam
    • A62C5/022Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use of foam with air or gas present as such
    • A62C5/024Apparatus in the form of pipes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62CFIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C27/00Fire-fighting land vehicles
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62CFIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C31/00Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
    • A62C31/02Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
    • A62C31/12Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing for delivering foam or atomised foam
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62CFIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C37/00Control of fire-fighting equipment
    • A62C37/36Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device
    • A62C37/38Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone
    • A62C37/40Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone with electric connection between sensor and actuator

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of fire fighting, and in particular to a foam homomixing pipe, a mixed foam fire extinguishing system and a control method thereof, and a fire truck.
  • the foam fire truck When the foam fire truck uses the foam mixture to extinguish the fire, it must first fully mix the foam stock liquid with water in the specified proportion to form the foam mixture, and then foam to extinguish the fire.
  • the foaming of the mixed foam mixture is divided into two types. One is to form a vacuum outside suction foam during the spraying process; the other is to use compressed gas as a foaming medium to inject to produce foam. Tests and studies have shown that the foam mixing system that uses compressed gas to inject and foam is compared with the conventional foaming system through external suction, which not only saves the foam liquid, but also has a higher water utilization rate. It is used in fire extinguishing, fire control, fire prevention and special fires. Has outstanding advantages.
  • the foam uniform mixing tube still has the defect of uneven mixing, which affects the fire extinguishing efficiency.
  • the homomixing main pipe is used to mix the foam mixture F with the foaming medium to produce foam F';
  • the foaming medium output hole is perpendicular to the extension direction of the homomixing main pipe.
  • the center line of the output section of the foaming medium injection pipe coincides with the center line of the homomixing main pipe.
  • the foaming medium injection pipe includes a compressed air injection pipe and a liquid foaming medium injection pipe
  • the foaming medium output holes include air outlets and liquid foaming medium injection holes respectively provided on the output section of the compressed air injection pipe. Outlet hole on the output section of the tube.
  • the inner wall of competent homomixer dimension D of a size of 125mm ⁇ 200mm, the size of the inner wall of the compressed air injection pipe size D 1 of 25mm ⁇ 40mm, an inner wall of the size of the foamed liquid medium injection pipe size D 2 is 15mm ⁇ 30mm.
  • a mixed foam fire extinguishing system which includes the aforementioned foam homogenizing pipe.
  • it further includes:
  • Foam stock liquid supply device its liquid outlet is communicated with the inlet of the homomixing main pipe;
  • the outlet of the foaming medium supply device communicates with the inlet of the foaming medium injection pipe.
  • the foaming medium supply device includes a liquid medium storage tank and a liquid medium delivery pump.
  • the liquid medium storage tank is used to store the liquid foaming medium
  • the foaming medium injection pipe includes a liquid foaming medium injection pipe. The tank supplies liquid to the liquid foaming medium injection pipe via the liquid medium delivery pump.
  • it further includes:
  • Foam mixed liquid flowmeter used to detect the flow of foam mixed liquid produced by mixing foam and water
  • the controller is used to control the speed of the liquid medium delivery pump according to the flow rate of the foam mixture detected by the foam mixture flow meter.
  • the boost pressure of the liquid medium delivery pump is 2.5 MPa to 3.5 MPa, and the output flow rate is 80 L/min to 200 L/min.
  • the working pressure of the liquid medium storage tank is configured to be 0.4 to 0.8 MPa.
  • the liquid medium delivery pump is a gear pump, a vane pump, or a plunger pump.
  • the foaming medium supply device further includes a vent valve, a first temperature sensor and a liquid supply control valve arranged on the liquid supply path of the liquid medium delivery pump, and the inlet of the vent valve is connected to the liquid medium.
  • the outlet of the delivery pump is communicated, and the controller is used for controlling the on-off state of the vent valve and the liquid supply control valve according to the liquid supply temperature detected by the first temperature sensor.
  • it further includes:
  • the pipeline heater is arranged on the confluence path of the liquid outlet channel of the foam liquid supply device and the water outlet channel of the water supply device;
  • the second temperature sensor is arranged on the liquid outlet passage of the foam homomixing tube.
  • the controller is used to control the startup and shutdown states of the pipeline heater according to the liquid supply temperature detected by the second temperature sensor.
  • the foam raw liquid supply device includes a foam raw liquid tank and a foam raw liquid pump.
  • the outlet of the foam raw liquid pump is communicated with the inlet of the homomixing main pipe.
  • the raw liquid tank includes a type A foam raw liquid tank and a type B foam raw liquid tank.
  • the type foam stock solution tank and the type B foam stock solution tank share the foam stock solution pump.
  • the foaming medium supply device further includes an air compressor, the foaming medium injection pipe includes a compressed air injection pipe, and the air compressor is used to supply air to the compressed air injection pipe.
  • a control method of the aforementioned mixed foam fire extinguishing system including:
  • the controller calls the preset programming instructions to control the speed of the liquid medium delivery pump according to the flow rate of the foam mixture detected by the foam mixture flow meter and the type of foaming required on site.
  • a control method of the aforementioned mixed foam fire extinguishing system including:
  • the controller turns off the pipeline heater and starts the liquid medium filling work
  • the controller activates the pipeline heater so that the liquid supply temperature T is between 5°C ⁇ 10°C, and then starts the liquid medium feeding Note work;
  • the controller activates the pipeline heater to make the liquid supply temperature T detected by the second temperature sensor between 30°C and 35°C, and then starts the liquid medium filling operation.
  • a fire truck including the aforementioned mixed foam fire extinguishing system.
  • the output section of the foaming medium injection pipe penetrates into the inner cavity of the homomixing main pipe and is consistent with the extension direction of the homomixing main pipe.
  • the end of the output section is closed and the side wall is provided with a foaming medium output hole.
  • the foaming medium flows out from the foaming medium output hole to fully mix with the foam mixture flowing through. Since the foaming medium output hole on the side wall and the flow direction of the foam mixture are not parallel to each other, the foam mixture is prevented from flowing into the foaming medium output Porous, improve the foaming efficiency and foaming stability.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of some embodiments of a foam homomixing tube according to the present disclosure
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are respectively cross-sectional views of a liquid foaming medium injection pipe and a compressed air injection pipe in some embodiments of the foam homomixing pipe according to the present disclosure
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic system according to some embodiments of the mixed foam fire extinguishing system of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of some embodiments of a fire truck according to the present disclosure.
  • Foam fire extinguishing operation valve 10. On-vehicle fire-fighting fluid supply valve 11.
  • Pulse elimination device 16, pipeline heater; 17, first temperature sensor; 18, second temperature sensor; 100, chassis; 200, front leg; 300, first interface Device; 400, sub-frame; 500, second interface device; 600, rear outrigger; 700, central slewing body; 800, turntable, 900, boom.
  • a specific device when it is described that a specific device is located between the first device and the second device, there may or may not be an intermediate device between the specific device and the first device or the second device.
  • the specific device When it is described that a specific device is connected to another device, the specific device may be directly connected to the other device without an intervening device, or may not be directly connected to the other device but with an intervening device.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of some embodiments of the foam homomixing tube according to the present disclosure.
  • the foam homomixing pipe 7 of this embodiment includes: a homomixing main pipe 71 for mixing the foam mixture F with a foaming medium to produce foam F'; and a foaming medium injection pipe for foaming
  • the medium is injected into the homomixing main pipe 71, and its output section penetrates into the inner cavity of the homomixing main pipe 71 and is consistent with the extension direction of the homomixing main pipe 71.
  • the end of the output section is closed and the side wall is provided with a foaming medium output hole.
  • the foam mixture F which is mixed with water and foam stock liquid in a certain proportion, enters from the inlet of the homomixing main pipe 71, and the foaming medium is injected into the homomixing main pipe 71 through the foaming medium injection pipe to mix with the foam. After the liquid F is fully mixed, foam F′ is generated, and then flows out from the outlet of the homomixing main pipe 71.
  • the foaming medium includes compressed air A and/or liquid foaming medium N.
  • the liquid foaming medium N can be liquid nitrogen or other suitable liquid medium, as long as the medium can be quickly vaporized, suitable for foaming, and capable of extinguishing fire. It is non-toxic and the gas-liquid two-phase volume ratio is greater than 300.
  • the foaming medium injection pipe includes a compressed air injection pipe 72 for injecting compressed air A into the homomixing main pipe 71 and/or a compressed air injection pipe 72 for injecting the liquid foaming medium N into the homomixing main pipe 71
  • the liquid foaming medium injection pipe 73 as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the foaming medium output hole includes an air outlet 75 provided on the output section of the compressed air injection pipe 72 and/or the output of the liquid foaming medium injection pipe 73 ⁇ 74 ⁇ Section on the liquid outlet 74.
  • the compressed air A enters the inner cavity of the homomixing main pipe 71 through the air outlet 75 of the compressed air injection pipe 72, and the liquid foaming medium N enters the inner cavity of the homomixing main pipe 71 through the liquid outlet 74 of the liquid foaming medium injection pipe 73.
  • the output section of the compressed air injection pipe 72 penetrates into the inner cavity of the homomixing main pipe 71 and is consistent with the extension direction of the homomixing main pipe 71.
  • the end of the output section is closed and the side wall is provided with an air outlet 75;
  • the output section of the foaming medium injection pipe 73 penetrates into the inner cavity of the homomixing main pipe 71 and is consistent with the extension direction of the homomixing main pipe 71.
  • the end of the output section is closed and the side wall is provided with a liquid outlet hole 74; the compressed air A is discharged from The outflow of the air hole 75 is fully mixed with the flowing foam mixture F, the liquid foaming medium N flows out from the outlet hole 74 and the flowing foam mixture F is fully mixed, and the compressed air A or the liquid foaming medium N flows out in the same direction as the foam
  • the flow directions of the mixed liquid are not parallel and opposed, which prevents the foam mixed liquid F from flowing into the output hole of the foaming medium, and improves the foaming efficiency and foaming stability.
  • the foaming medium output holes are multiple and are evenly arranged along the circumference and extension direction of the output section of the foaming medium injection pipe. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the outlet holes 75 are multiple and are evenly arranged along the circumference and extension direction of the output section of the compressed air injection pipe 72, and the outlet holes 74 are multiple and are injected along the liquid foaming medium. The circumferential direction and extension direction of the output section of the tube 73 are uniformly arranged.
  • the foaming medium output hole is perpendicular to the extension direction of the homomixing main pipe 71.
  • the outlet hole 75 and the outlet hole 74 are perpendicular to the extension direction of the homomixing main pipe 71, which prevents the foam mixture F from flowing into the outlet hole 75 and the outlet hole 74 as much as possible. Further improve the mixed foaming performance.
  • the center line of the output section of the foaming medium injection pipe coincides with the center line of the homomixing main pipe 71.
  • the center line of the output section of the compressed air injection pipe 72 coincides with the center line of the homomixing main pipe 71
  • the center line of the output section of the liquid foaming medium injection pipe 73 coincides with the center line of the homomixing main pipe 71.
  • the direction of the end of the output section of the foaming medium injection pipe is consistent with the flow direction of the foam mixture F.
  • the direction of the end of the output section of the compressed air injection pipe 72 is consistent with the flow direction of the foam mixture F
  • the direction of the end of the output section of the liquid foaming medium injection pipe 73 is consistent with the flow direction of the foam mixture F. It is conducive to the output of the foaming medium, and the structure is reasonable and the implementability is strong.
  • the foaming medium injection pipe is L-shaped, and the output section of the foaming medium injection pipe is curved relative to its input section. Folding, easy to process and reasonable structure. Specifically, as shown in Fig. 1, the compressed air injection pipe 72 is L-shaped, and the output section of the compressed air injection pipe 72 is bent relative to its input section; the liquid foaming medium injection pipe 73 is L-shaped, and the liquid foaming medium injection pipe 73 The output section is bent relative to its input section.
  • the homomixing main pipe 71 is L-shaped, and the output section of the homomixing main pipe 71 is relative to its output section.
  • the input section is bent, the output section of the compressed air injection pipe 72 penetrates the input section of the homomixing main pipe 71, and the output section of the liquid foaming medium injection pipe 73 penetrates the output section of the homomixing main pipe 71.
  • the foam mixture F and compressed air A with momentum will be stirred and mixed again by the elbow surface of the homomixing main pipe 71, and the L-shaped homomixing main pipe 71 is compact in structure, easy to arrange and has low flow resistance, and can be implemented. Strong sex.
  • the above embodiments of the foam homomixing pipe of the present disclosure can be applied to a mixed foam fire extinguishing system.
  • the present disclosure provides a mixed foam fire extinguishing system, which includes any of the foregoing foam homomixing pipe embodiments.
  • the mixed foam fire extinguishing system further includes: a water supply device whose water outlet is communicated with the inlet of the homomixing main pipe 71; and a foam stock liquid supply device whose liquid outlet is connected to the inlet of the homomixing main pipe 71 The inlet is connected; the fire monitor, the inlet of which communicates with the outlet of the homomixing main pipe 71; and the foaming medium supply device, the outlet of which communicates with the inlet of the foaming medium injection pipe.
  • the water supply device includes a water tank 1, a water tank water supply valve 3-1, a water tank injection valve 3-2, and a water pump 3;
  • the foam stock liquid supply device includes a foam stock liquid tank 2 and a foam
  • the original liquid pump 4 the outlet of the foam original liquid pump 4 is communicated with the inlet of the homomixing main pipe 71,
  • the foam original liquid tank 2 includes a type A foam original liquid tank 2-1 and a type B foam original liquid tank 2-2, respectively equipped with type A foam
  • the original liquid tank supply valve 4-1 and the type B foam original liquid tank supply valve 4-3, the type A foam original liquid tank 2-1 and the type B foam original liquid tank 2-2 share the foam original liquid pump 4.
  • the fire monitor is used as an execution device for spraying fire extinguishing media.
  • it includes a tank top fire monitor 5-1 set on the get off the vehicle, a boom fire monitor 5-2 set on the upper vehicle, and a firefighting fluid supply valve 10 on the upper vehicle.
  • the foaming medium supply device includes the liquid medium storage tank 14, the liquid medium storage tank for liquid supply Valve 14-1, liquid medium delivery pump 15, air compressor 6, and compressed air output valve 6-1, liquid medium storage tank 14 is used to store liquid nitrogen or other liquid foaming media, and air compressor 6 is injected into the compressed air pipe 72 supplies air, and the liquid medium storage tank 14 supplies liquid to the liquid foaming medium injection pipe 73 via the liquid medium delivery pump 15.
  • the foaming medium is compressed air A and liquid nitrogen N
  • the foam stock solution is a type A foam.
  • the application of the original liquid and the B-type foam original liquid to the elevating fire truck is taken as an example to describe the technical solution of changing the foaming medium and the type of the foam original liquid when facing different fire fighting scenes, so as to realize the mixed and matched foaming of the compressed gas and the foam mixture.
  • the water fire extinguishing operation valve 8 when water fire extinguishing is performed, the water fire extinguishing operation valve 8 is opened and the foam fire extinguishing operation valve 9 is closed.
  • the liquid outlet of the water pump 3 can be connected to the tank top fire monitor 5-1 and the boom fire monitor 5-2 through the water fire extinguishing operation valve 8.
  • the water fire extinguishing operation valve 8 When performing foam fire extinguishing, the water fire extinguishing operation valve 8 is closed, and the foam fire extinguishing operation valve 9 is opened.
  • the liquid outlet of the water pump 3 can pass through the foam fire extinguishing operation valve 9 ⁇ the foam mixture flow meter 12-1 ⁇ the foam mixture flow adjustment valve 11 ⁇ the foam homomixing pipe 7, and then connect the tank top fire monitor 5-1 and the boom fire fighting Cannon 5-2.
  • the type A foam stock solution tank supply valve 4-1 When the type A foam stock solution is preferably mixed with the foam liquid, the type A foam stock solution tank supply valve 4-1 is opened, the type B foam stock solution tank supply valve 4-3 and the foam mixed liquid pipeline cleaning valve 4-2 are all closed.
  • the foam raw liquid pump 4 sucks the class A foam raw liquid from the class A foam raw liquid tank 2-1 for pressurization and injection.
  • the pressure foam raw liquid passes through the foam raw liquid flow meter 12-2 and flows through the foam fire extinguishing operation valve 9 After the pressure water is collected and mixed ⁇ foam mixed liquid flowmeter 12-1 ⁇ foam mixed liquid flow regulating valve 11 ⁇ pipe heater 16, and then injected into the inlet end of the homomixing main pipe 71 of the foam homomixing pipe 7.
  • the reason why the A-type foam stock solution is selected here is based on the environmental protection of the A-type foam fire extinguishing agent.
  • the foam produced has strong adhesion, good heat insulation and heat radiation prevention effects, and can effectively control the re-ignition of solid combustibles. In a Class A fire extinguishing place. If the type B foam stock solution is selected for foam liquid mixing, the supply valve 4-1 of the type A foam stock solution tank and the foam mixing liquid pipeline cleaning valve 4-2 are both closed, and the supply valve 4-3 of the type B foam stock solution tank is opened.
  • the original liquid pump 4 sucks the type B foam original liquid from the type B foam original liquid tank 2-2 for pressurization and injection.
  • the pressure foam original liquid also passes through the foam original liquid flow meter 12-2, and flows through the foam fire extinguishing operation valve 9 After the pressure water is collected and mixed ⁇ foam mixed liquid flowmeter 12-1 ⁇ foam mixed liquid flow regulating valve 11 ⁇ pipe heater 16, then injected into the inlet end of the homomixing main pipe 71 of the foam homomixing pipe 7.
  • the mixed foam fire extinguishing system further includes a controller 13, a foam mixed liquid flow meter 12-1, and a foam raw liquid flow meter 12-2.
  • the foam mixed liquid flow meter 12-1 is used for detecting The flow rate of the mixed water and the original foam liquid.
  • the original foam flow meter 12-2 is used to detect the flow rate of the original foam liquid.
  • the controller 13 recognizes the open state of the output valve of the foam original liquid tank and other information based on the input signals of the above two flow meters, and the on-site location
  • the required foaming type requirements call the predetermined programming instructions (that is, determine the use of different mixing ratios according to different foam extinguishing agent specifications and foaming types), control the speed of the foam liquid pump 4, so as to achieve by adjusting the flow rate of the foam liquid
  • the foam stock solution and water form a precise ratio.
  • a flushing function is also provided to avoid corrosion caused by long-term adhesion of foam residual liquid.
  • a foam mixed liquid pipeline cleaning valve 4-2 is provided on the pipeline between the outlet of the foam fire extinguishing operation valve 9 and the inlet of the foam raw liquid pump 4, and the valve is always closed under non-flushing conditions. State to ensure the realization of the foam liquid mixing function.
  • the air compressor 6 serves as a power element for providing compressed air A, and outputs compressed air A to the foam homomixing pipe 7; the structure of the foam homomixing pipe 7 is shown in Figure 1, and the mixed foam mixture flows from the homomixing main pipe 71 At the same time as the inlet end flows in, the compressed air A is also injected from the inlet end of the compressed air injection pipe 72. Note that there is no liquid nitrogen in the liquid foaming medium injection pipe 73, so that the foam mixture is only in full contact with air in the homomixing main pipe 71 , The foam F'is formed, so that the foam F'after pre-foaming passes through the output end of the homomixing main pipe 71 and flows into the foam output pipeline of the system. In order to avoid the mutual influence of the compressed air injection pipeline and the liquid nitrogen injection pipeline, one-way check valves are respectively set at the injection ends of the two pipelines.
  • the mixed foam fire extinguishing system further includes a compressed air output valve 6-1 and a pressure balance valve 6-2.
  • the pressure balance valve 6-2 is used for comparison.
  • the water pressure and the air pressure send out a pressure control signal to adjust the intake air volume of the air compressor 6, so as to achieve pressure matching.
  • the controller 13 calls the predetermined programming instructions according to the input signal of the foam mixture flow meter 12-1 and the requirements of the foaming type required on site (that is, according to different foam The extinguishing agent specifications and foaming types are determined to use different mixing ratios), and the rotation speed of the air compressor 6 is controlled, so that the output flow rate of the air compressor 6 is adjusted to achieve a precise ratio.
  • the compressed air output valve 6-1 is used to adjust the flow of compressed air according to factors such as actual fire conditions and foam types.
  • a one-way check valve is provided on the corresponding pipeline.
  • a fixed air compressor output flow can also be used to adjust the flow output of the fire pump and foam pump to achieve a mixture of foam mixture and compressed air.
  • the outlet of the foam homomixing pipe 7 is communicated with the inlets of the two fire monitors through the foam output pipeline, so that the prefabricated foam can be further uniformly mixed in the delivery pipeline until the ejector is ejected.
  • a one-way check valve is installed on the foam delivery pipeline.
  • the foam fire extinguishing mode of type B foam stock solution + compressed nitrogen based on liquid nitrogen filling + water is preferred.
  • the liquid supply valve 4-1 of the type A foam stock liquid tank and the foam mixed liquid pipeline cleaning valve 4-2 are both closed, and the liquid supply valve 4-3 of the type B foam stock liquid tank is opened.
  • the foam raw liquid pump 4 sucks the B foam raw liquid from the B foam raw liquid tank 2-2 for pressurization and injection into the pipeline.
  • formation and flow direction of the foam mixed liquid refer to the foregoing.
  • the B-type foam extinguishing agent is suitable for B-type fire extinguishing places, especially for various petroleum products and flammable and combustible liquids in industrial fires.
  • Class B foam fire extinguishing agents can be divided into non-water-soluble foam fire extinguishing agents (such as protein foam fire extinguishing agents, fluoroprotein foam fire extinguishing agents, water film-forming foam fire extinguishing agents) and alcohol-resistant foam fire extinguishing agents, which should be determined according to the material characteristics of the target More specific specifications and models of Class B foam fire extinguishing agents.
  • Type A foam stock solution to mix the foam liquid
  • type A foam stock solution tank supply valve 4-1 type B foam stock tank supply valve 4-3
  • foam mixed liquid pipeline cleaning valve 4-2 foam stock solution
  • foam stock solution The control of the pump 4 and the mixing principle, formation and flow direction of the foam mixture can also be referred to the foregoing.
  • the liquid medium delivery pump 15 is a power element used to suck and pressurize the liquid nitrogen in the liquid medium storage tank 14, and output the liquid nitrogen to the foam homomixing pipe 7.
  • liquid nitrogen N is also injected from the inlet end of the liquid foaming medium injection pipe 73.
  • the air compressor system is set at this time. It is set to not work, and no compressed air flows into the compressed air injection pipe 72. In this way, the foam mixture is fully in contact with liquid nitrogen N in the homomixing main pipe 71, and the liquid nitrogen N absorbs heat from the foam mixture to quickly vaporize and boil.
  • Foam F' the air compressor system
  • the axis of the output section of the liquid foaming medium injection pipe 73 should be coaxial with the axis of the output section of the homomixing main pipe 71.
  • the end is closed, and the output section of the liquid foaming medium injection pipe 73 is designed with many liquid outlet holes 74 along the axial and circumferential directions, so that the liquid nitrogen N with momentum is injected into the homomixing main pipe 71 and can be quickly vaporized and combined.
  • the pre-foamed foam F′ flows into the foam output pipeline of the system through the output end of the homomixing main pipe 71.
  • the prefabricated foam can be further uniformly mixed in the delivery pipeline until the fire monitor sprays.
  • the liquid medium storage tank 14 is a self-pressurized liquid nitrogen container with a design pressure ⁇ 1.6MPa and a design temperature of -196°C. It is used to store liquid nitrogen and has a safe Valve and pressure detection device. In some embodiments, when used on a raised fire truck, the working pressure range of the liquid medium storage tank 14 is set to 0.4-0.8 MPa.
  • the liquid medium storage tank filling valve 14-3 and the liquid medium storage tank supply valve 14-1 are both closed; when the liquid medium storage tank is in the output working state, the liquid medium storage tank The filling valve 14-3 is closed and the liquid medium storage tank supply valve 14-1 is opened; when the medium in the liquid medium storage tank needs to be filled after the medium is consumed, the liquid medium storage tank supply valve 14-1 is closed. After connecting the external liquid nitrogen filling port, the filling valve 14-3 of the liquid medium storage tank is opened, and the liquid medium delivery pump 15 is started to suck and fill from the outside.
  • the self-pressurizing operating valve 14-2 is used for adaptive adjustment of the pressure in the tank, that is: once the pressure in the tank drops to 0.4MPa, the control system opens the valve, Let the liquid nitrogen in the tank flow out part of the liquid nitrogen, vaporize into nitrogen by the air-temperature vaporizer on the pipeline, and then enter the tank for pressurization; once the pressure in the tank is higher than 0.8MPa, the on-board control system closes the valve.
  • the reason why the pressure in the liquid medium storage tank 14 should reach the above range is mainly to ensure that the liquid medium delivery pump 15 can be supplied with a relatively stable pressure, instead of directly providing the pressure that can be injected into the foam homomixing pipe 7 (The pressure should be ⁇ the pressure of the foam mixture). In fact, the pressure of the liquid nitrogen injection is achieved by the pressurization of the liquid medium delivery pump 15.
  • the output pressure of the fire pump is different due to the difference of the boom (or ladder) telescopic state, luffing state, and system jet flow rate, and the foam mixture in the foam homomixing pipe 7 is different.
  • the pressure is also different, and the range of change is basically 1 to 1.6 MPa, and it may be ⁇ 1.6 MPa for a higher-meter-high fire truck. Therefore, in actual engineering practice, the liquid nitrogen filling of the elevated fire truck is completely guaranteed by the self-pressurization and automatic adjustment of the liquid medium storage tank 14, and the liquid nitrogen injection pressure is greater than or equal to the pressure of the foam mixture in the foam homomixing pipe 7. It cannot be reliably achieved.
  • the foam mixture needs to be mixed with different proportions of compressed gas according to the purpose to ensure the foaming ratio and foam quality of the foam liquid.
  • This is the case for filling based on liquid nitrogen.
  • the volume ratio of liquid nitrogen after vaporization of gas and liquid (the volume ratio of liquid nitrogen is 640 times), it can be realized by changing the flow rate of liquid nitrogen in different proportions.
  • the existing technical solution for filling through the self-pressurization of the liquid medium storage tank 14 is to measure the flow rate of the foam mixture in real time, and adjust the flow rate of liquid nitrogen filling in proportion.
  • the final way to control the flow rate of liquid nitrogen filling is still to rely on The opening size of the flow valve on the pipeline.
  • the pipeline flow rate is strongly related to the pressure difference of the flow valve
  • the posture of the boom (or ladder) of the raised fire truck will change, which will also affect the foam.
  • the working pressure of the foam mixture in the homomixing tube affects the flow rate of liquid nitrogen filling, which causes the foaming ratio of the foam mixture to change and the foam quality cannot be guaranteed.
  • the self-pressurization adjustment of the liquid medium storage tank 14 has the characteristic of hysteresis, the feedback adjustment process of the flow valve mentioned above is also difficult to implement regular compensation and correction.
  • the boost pressure of the liquid medium delivery pump 15 is 2.5 MPa to 3.5 MPa, and the output flow rate is 80 L/min to 200 L/min. It can meet the requirements of the system for preparing foam flow ⁇ 500L/s.
  • the liquid medium delivery pump 15 is a gear pump, a vane pump or a plunger pump.
  • the hydraulic motor is directly coupled and driven.
  • the mixed foam fire extinguishing system further includes: a foam mixture flow meter 12-1 and a controller 13, and a foam mixture flow meter 12-1 It is used to detect the flow rate of the foam mixture produced by mixing foam and water; the controller 13 is used to control the rotation speed of the liquid medium delivery pump 15 according to the flow rate of the foam mixture detected by the foam mixture flow meter 12-1.
  • the controller 13 calls the predetermined programming instructions according to the input signal of the foam mixed liquid flowmeter 12-1 and the requirements of the foaming type required on site (that is, according to different foam extinguishing agent specifications and foaming types, different mixing ratios are used),
  • the rotation speed of the liquid medium delivery pump 15 is controlled, so as to achieve precise proportioning by regulating the output flow of the liquid medium delivery pump.
  • one aspect of the present disclosure provides a control method of the aforementioned mixed foam fire extinguishing system, including:
  • the controller 13 calls a preset programming instruction to control the rotation speed of the liquid medium delivery pump 15 according to the flow rate of the foam mixture detected by the foam mixture flow meter 12-1 and the foam type required on site.
  • This method effectively realizes the precise proportioning between the liquid foaming medium and the foam mixture, and has high practicability.
  • the foaming medium supply device further includes a vent valve 15-1 and a first temperature sensor 17 and a liquid supply control valve 15-2 arranged on the liquid supply path of the liquid medium delivery pump 15.
  • the inlet of the valve 15-1 is communicated with the outlet of the liquid medium delivery pump 15, and the controller 13 is used to control the on-off state of the vent valve 15-1 and the liquid supply control valve 15-2 according to the liquid supply temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 17 .
  • This embodiment is used to cool the pipeline and the pump body, that is, the first temperature sensor 17 detects the temperature in the liquid nitrogen output pipeline in real time.
  • the detection temperature is ⁇ -175°C (the standard boiling point of liquid nitrogen is -195.8°C, Under the pressure condition of 0.4 ⁇ 0.8MPa, its boiling point is between -173°C ⁇ -180°C. Therefore, considering the reasons of temperature conduction, the trigger temperature can be set to -175°C.)
  • the controller 13 controls the liquid supply
  • the control valve 15-2 is closed and the vent valve 15-1 is opened; when the detected temperature is less than -175°C, the controller 13 controls the vent valve 15-1 to close and the liquid supply control valve 15-2 to open.
  • the mixed foam fire extinguishing system further includes a pipeline heater 16 arranged in the liquid outlet channel of the foam raw liquid supply device On; the second temperature sensor 18 is arranged on the liquid outlet channel of the foam homomixing pipe 7; wherein the second temperature sensor 18 detects the liquid supply temperature of the foam homomixing pipe 7 in real time, and the controller 13 according to the foam mixed liquid flowmeter 12-
  • the input flow rate of 1, the input speed of the liquid medium delivery pump 15, and the liquid supply temperature of the foam homomixing pipe 7 and the ambient temperature of the fire site are calculated for heat balance (assuming the liquid nitrogen temperature is -196°C, according to the detection temperature of the foam liquid And the flow rate, the input flow rate of liquid nitrogen, the foam temperature after mixing can be calculated) and comparison, according to the calculation results and the set control strategy, the controller 13 outputs control signals to control the start and stop of the pipeline heater 16 and the liquid nitrogen Start-up of the
  • the control strategy is as follows: 1When the ambient temperature is ⁇ 0°C, if the liquid supply temperature at the output end of the foam mixing tube is ⁇ 5°C, the pipeline heater 16 does not need to start heating, and the liquid nitrogen filling system can start working normally; When the liquid supply temperature at the output end of the mixing pipe 7 is less than 5°C, the pipeline heater 16 will automatically start heating to maintain the liquid supply temperature at the output end of the foam homomixing pipe 7 at 5-10°C before the liquid nitrogen filling system can be started normally. . 2When the ambient temperature is less than 0°C, the pipeline heater 16 will automatically start heating and maintain the liquid supply temperature at the output end of the foam homomixing pipe 7 between 30 and 35°C before the liquid nitrogen filling system can be started normally. In addition to the automatic startup and shutdown of the pipeline heater 16 according to the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor 18, a manual emergency switch function should also be provided.
  • the mixed foam fire extinguishing system further includes a high-pressure safety valve 15-3 arranged on the liquid supply pipeline to protect the pipeline from overpressure, and a pulse elimination device 15- 4. It is used to eliminate the fluctuation of the output pressure of the liquid medium delivery pump 15.
  • the liquid supply control valve 15-2 is also used to adjust the flow rate of liquid nitrogen filling according to factors such as actual fire conditions and foam types. In order to avoid the backflow of liquid nitrogen, a one-way check valve is also provided on the corresponding pipeline.
  • a control method of the aforementioned mixed foam fire extinguishing system which includes:
  • the controller 13 turns off the pipeline heater 16 and starts the liquid medium filling work
  • the controller 13 activates the pipeline heater 16 so that the liquid supply temperature T is between 5°C and 10°C, and then starts Liquid medium filling work;
  • the above-mentioned various embodiments of the mixed foam fire extinguishing system of the present disclosure can be applied to fire trucks, especially in elevating fire trucks.
  • the present disclosure provides a fire truck including the aforementioned mixed foam fire extinguishing system.
  • the fire truck is a multifunctional positive pressure foam fire-extinguishing elevating fire truck.
  • the fire truck includes a chassis 100, a sub-frame 400, a front leg 200, and a rear leg 600, a central slewing body 700, a mixed foam fire extinguishing system, a first interface device 300, a second interface device 500, a turntable 800, and a boom 900.
  • the water pump 3 is driven by the chassis engine through a full-power power take-off.
  • the boosting capacity is designed to be 1.3 ⁇ 1.7MPa, and the delivery flow is designed to be 50 ⁇ 120L/s.
  • the foam dope pump 4 is driven by a pump motor.
  • the boosting capacity is designed to be 1.3 ⁇ 1.7MPa, and the delivery flow is designed to be 5 ⁇ 200L/min.
  • the design and setting range of the mixing ratio of foam dope and water is: Class A foam dope (0.1 ⁇ 1%), Type B foam stock solution (water film forming) 3%.
  • This multifunctional positive-pressure foam fire-fighting elevating fire truck can not only spray water, compressed air foam liquid, but also spray high-flow compressed nitrogen foam to raise fire and extinguish people.
  • the working principle of its fire fighting system can be seen above, and it is a single vehicle. The multi-function and high efficiency of the operation.

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Abstract

本公开涉及一种泡沫均混管、混合泡沫灭火系统及其控制方法以及消防车。泡沫均混管包括:均混主管,用于将泡沫混合液F与发泡介质混合产生泡沫F';和发泡介质注入管,用于将发泡介质注入均混主管内,其输出段穿入均混主管的内腔并与均混主管的延伸方向一致,其输出段的端头封闭且侧壁设有发泡介质输出孔。发泡介质从发泡介质输出孔流出与流经的泡沫混合液充分混合,由于侧壁的发泡介质输出孔与泡沫混合液的流向不是平行相对,避免了泡沫混合液流入发泡介质输出孔,提高了发泡效率和发泡稳定性。

Description

泡沫均混管、混合泡沫灭火系统及其控制方法以及消防车
本申请是以CN申请号为201911301215.6,申请日为2019年12月17日的申请为基础,并主张其优先权,该CN申请的公开内容在此作为整体引入本申请中。
技术领域
本公开涉及消防灭火技术领域,尤其涉及一种泡沫均混管、混合泡沫灭火系统及其控制方法以及消防车。
背景技术
泡沫消防车利用泡沫混合液进行灭火时,首先要把泡沫原液按规定比例与水进行充分混合形成泡沫混合液,然后再发泡灭火。混合后的泡沫混合液发泡又分为两种类型,一是在喷射过程中形成真空外吸空气发泡;二是利用压缩气体作为发泡介质注入产生泡沫。试验和研究表明,采用压缩气体注入发泡的泡沫混合系统相比常规通过外吸空气发泡系统,不仅节省泡沫原液,而且对水的利用率更高,在灭火、控火、防火以及特殊火灾方面具有突出的优势。
为了保证灭火效率,压缩气体与泡沫混合液的混合均匀程度尤为重要,发明人所知晓的泡沫均混管尚存在混合不均匀的缺陷。
发明内容
经发明人研究发现,相关技术中,泡沫均混管尚存在混合不均匀的缺陷,影响灭火效率。
有鉴于此,本公开实施例提供一种泡沫均混管、混合泡沫灭火系统及其控制方法以及消防车,能够使得发泡介质与泡沫混合液均匀充分混合形成泡沫,提高灭火效率。
在本公开的一个方面,提供一种泡沫均混管,包括:
均混主管,用于将泡沫混合液F与发泡介质混合产生泡沫F′;和
发泡介质注入管,用于将发泡介质注入均混主管内,其输出段穿入均混主管的内腔并与均混主管的延伸方向一致,其输出段的端头封闭且侧壁设有发泡介质输出孔。
在一些实施例中,发泡介质输出孔与均混主管的延伸方向垂直。
在一些实施例中,发泡介质输出孔为多个并沿着发泡介质注入管的输出段的周向 和延伸方向均匀布置。
在一些实施例中,发泡介质注入管的输出段的中心线与均混主管的中心线重合。
在一些实施例中,发泡介质注入管的输出段的端头朝向与泡沫混合液F的流向一致。
在一些实施例中,发泡介质注入管呈L形,发泡介质注入管的输出段相对于其输入段弯折。
在一些实施例中,发泡介质注入管包括压缩空气注入管和液态发泡介质注入管,发泡介质输出孔包括分别设置在压缩空气注入管的输出段上的出气孔和液态发泡介质注入管的输出段上的出液孔。
在一些实施例中,均混主管呈L形,均混主管的输出段相对于其输入段弯折,压缩空气注入管的输出段穿入均混主管的输入段,液态发泡介质注入管的输出段穿入均混主管的输出段。
在一些实施例中,均混主管的内壁尺寸D的大小为125mm~200mm,压缩空气注入管的内壁尺寸D 1的大小为25mm~40mm,液态发泡介质注入管的内壁尺寸D 2的大小为15mm~30mm。
在本公开的一个方面,提供一种混合泡沫灭火系统,包括前述的泡沫均混管。
在一些实施例中,还包括:
水供应装置,其出水口与均混主管的入口相通;
泡沫原液供应装置,其出液口与均混主管的入口相通;
消防炮,其入口与均混主管的出口相通;以及
发泡介质供应装置,其出口与发泡介质注入管的入口相通。
在一些实施例中,发泡介质供应装置包括液态介质储存罐和液态介质输送泵,液态介质储存罐用于储存液态发泡介质,发泡介质注入管包括液态发泡介质注入管,液态介质储存罐经由液态介质输送泵向液态发泡介质注入管供液。
在一些实施例中,还包括:
泡沫混合液流量计,用于检测泡沫和水混合后产生的泡沫混合液的流量;
控制器,用于根据泡沫混合液流量计检测的泡沫混合液的流量控制液态介质输送泵的转速。
在一些实施例中,液态介质输送泵的增压压力为2.5MPa~3.5MPa,输出流量为80L/min~200L/min。
在一些实施例中,液态介质储存罐的工作压力被配置为0.4~0.8MPa。
在一些实施例中,液态介质输送泵为齿轮泵、叶片泵或柱塞泵。
在一些实施例中,还包括控制器,发泡介质供应装置还包括放空阀和设置在液态介质输送泵的供液通路上的第一温度传感器和供液控制阀,放空阀的入口与液态介质输送泵的出口相通,控制器用于根据第一温度传感器检测的供液温度控制放空阀和供液控制阀的通断状态。
在一些实施例中,还包括:
管路加热器,设置在泡沫原液供应装置的出液通路与水供应装置的出水通路的合流通路上;
第二温度传感器,设置在泡沫均混管的出液通路上;以及
控制器,用于根据第二温度传感器检测的供液温度控制管路加热器的启动和关闭状态。
在一些实施例中,泡沫原液供应装置包括泡沫原液罐和泡沫原液泵,泡沫原液泵的出液口与均混主管的入口相通,原液罐包括A类泡沫原液罐和B类泡沫原液罐,A类泡沫原液罐和B类泡沫原液罐共用泡沫原液泵。
在一些实施例中,发泡介质供应装置还包括空气压缩机,发泡介质注入管包括压缩空气注入管,空气压缩机用于向压缩空气注入管供气。
在本公开的一个方面,提供一种前述的混合泡沫灭火系统的控制方法,包括:
控制器根据泡沫混合液流量计检测的泡沫混合液的流量和现场所需的发泡类型,调用预设编程指令,控制液态介质输送泵的转速。
在本公开的一个方面,提供一种前述的混合泡沫灭火系统的控制方法,包括:
当环境温度Ta≥0℃且第二温度传感器检测的供液温度T≥5℃时,控制器关闭管路加热器,并启动液态介质加注工作;
当环境温度Ta≥0℃且第二温度传感器检测的供液温度T<5℃时,控制器启动管路加热器,使供液温度T处于5℃~10℃之间,继而启动液态介质加注工作;
当环境温度Ta<0℃时,控制器启动管路加热器,使第二温度传感器检测的供液温度T处于30℃~35℃之间,继而启动液态介质加注工作。
在本公开的一个方面,提供一种消防车,包括前述的混合泡沫灭火系统。
因此,根据本公开实施例,发泡介质注入管的输出段穿入均混主管的内腔并与均混主管的延伸方向一致,输出段的端头封闭且侧壁设有发泡介质输出孔,发泡介质从 发泡介质输出孔流出与流经的泡沫混合液充分混合,由于侧壁的发泡介质输出孔与泡沫混合液的流向不是平行相对,避免了泡沫混合液流入发泡介质输出孔,提高了发泡效率和发泡稳定性。
附图说明
构成说明书的一部分的附图描述了本公开的实施例,并且连同说明书一起用于解释本公开的原理。
参照附图,根据下面的详细描述,可以更加清楚地理解本公开,其中:
图1是根据本公开泡沫均混管的一些实施例的剖视图;
图2和图3分别是根据本公开泡沫均混管的一些实施例中的液态发泡介质注入管和压缩空气注入管的横截面图;
图4是根据本公开混合泡沫灭火系统的一些实施例的液压系统原理图;
图5是根据本公开消防车的一些实施例的结构示意图。
附图标记说明
1、水罐;2、泡沫原液罐;2-1、A类泡沫原液罐;2-2、B类泡沫原液罐;3、水泵;3-1、水罐供水阀;3-2、水罐注水阀;4、泡沫原液泵;4-1、A类泡沫原液罐供液阀;4-2、泡沫混合液管路清洗阀;4-3、B类泡沫原液罐供液阀;5-1、罐顶消防炮;5-2、臂架消防炮;6、空气压缩机;6-1、压缩空气输出阀;6-2、压力平衡阀;7、泡沫均混管;71、均混主管;72、压缩空气注入管;73、液态发泡介质注入管;74、出液孔;75、出气孔;8、水灭火操作阀;9、泡沫灭火操作阀;10、上车消防液供应阀;11、泡沫混合液流量调节阀;12-1、泡沫混合液流量计;12-2、泡沫原液流量计;13、控制器;14、液态介质储存罐;14-1、液态介质储存罐供液阀;14-2、自增压操作阀;14-3、液态介质储存罐加注阀;15、液态介质输送泵;15-1、放空阀;15-2、供液控制阀;15-3、高压安全阀;15-4、脉冲消除装置;16、管路加热器;17、第一温度传感器;18、第二温度传感器;100、底盘;200、前支腿;300、第一接口装置;400、副车架;500、第二接口装置;600、后支腿;700、中心回转体;800、转台;900、臂架。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本公开的各种示例性实施例。对示例性实施例的描述仅仅是说明性的,决不作为对本公开及其应用或使用的任何限制。本公开可以以许多不同的形式实现,不限于这里所述的实施例。提供这些实施例是为了使本公开透彻且完整,并且向本领域技术人员充分表达本公开的范围。应注意到:除非另外具体说明,否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、材料的组分、数字表达式和数值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的,而不是作为限制。
本公开中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性,而只是用来区分不同的部分。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指在该词前的要素涵盖在该词后列举的要素,并不排除也涵盖其他要素的可能。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系,当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后,则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
在本公开中,当描述到特定器件位于第一器件和第二器件之间时,在该特定器件与第一器件或第二器件之间可以存在居间器件,也可以不存在居间器件。当描述到特定器件连接其它器件时,该特定器件可以与所述其它器件直接连接而不具有居间器件,也可以不与所述其它器件直接连接而具有居间器件。
本公开使用的所有术语(包括技术术语或者科学术语)与本公开所属领域的普通技术人员理解的含义相同,除非另外特别定义。还应当理解,在诸如通用字典中定义的术语应当被解释为具有与它们在相关技术的上下文中的含义相一致的含义,而不应用理想化或极度形式化的意义来解释,除非这里明确地这样定义。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论,但在适当情况下,所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在本公开的一个方面,提供一种泡沫均混管,图1为根据本公开泡沫均混管的一些实施例的剖视图。如图1所示,该实施例泡沫均混管7包括:均混主管71,用于将泡沫混合液F与发泡介质混合产生泡沫F′;和发泡介质注入管,用于将发泡介质注入均混主管71内,其输出段穿入均混主管71的内腔并与均混主管71的延伸方向一致,其输出段的端头封闭且侧壁设有发泡介质输出孔。
如图1所示,由水和泡沫原液按照一定比例混合而成的泡沫混合液F从均混主管71的入口进入,发泡介质通过发泡介质注入管注入到均混主管71内与泡沫混合液F充分混合后产生泡沫F′,继而从均混主管71的出口流出。发泡介质包括压缩空气A和/或液态发泡介质N,液态发泡介质N可以是液氮,也可以是其它适宜的液态介质, 只要该介质能够迅速气化、适用发泡、能灭火、无毒且气液两相体积比大于300即可。
具体地如图1所示,发泡介质注入管包括用于将压缩空气A注入均混主管71内的压缩空气注入管72和/或用于将液态发泡介质N注入均混主管71内的液态发泡介质注入管73,如图1~图3所示,发泡介质输出孔包括设置在压缩空气注入管72的输出段上的出气孔75和/或液态发泡介质注入管73的输出段上的出液孔74。压缩空气A通过压缩空气注入管72的出气孔75进入均混主管71的内腔,液态发泡介质N通过液态发泡介质注入管73的出液孔74进入均混主管71的内腔。
如图1所示,压缩空气注入管72的输出段穿入均混主管71的内腔并与均混主管71的延伸方向一致,输出段的端头封闭且侧壁设有出气孔75;液态发泡介质注入管73的输出段穿入均混主管71的内腔并与均混主管71的延伸方向一致,输出段的端头封闭且侧壁设有出液孔74;压缩空气A从出气孔75流出与流经的泡沫混合液F充分混合,液态发泡介质N从出液孔74流出与流经的泡沫混合液F充分混合,压缩空气A或液态发泡介质N流出的方向与泡沫混合液的流向不是平行相对,避免了泡沫混合液F流入发泡介质输出孔,提高了发泡效率和发泡稳定性。
为了增加混合接触面积,在一些实施例中,发泡介质输出孔为多个并沿着发泡介质注入管的输出段的周向和延伸方向均匀布置。结合图1~图3所示,出气孔75为多个并沿着压缩空气注入管72的输出段的周向和延伸方向均匀布置,出液孔74为多个并沿着液态发泡介质注入管73的输出段的周向和延伸方向均匀布置。
为了进一步提高发泡效率和稳定性,在一些实施例中,发泡介质输出孔与均混主管71的延伸方向垂直。如图1所示,出气孔75和出液孔74均与均混主管71的延伸方向垂直,尽可能地避免了泡沫混合液F流入出气孔75和出液孔74,这样的结构形式而且能够进一步提升混合发泡效能。
在一些实施例中,发泡介质注入管的输出段的中心线与均混主管71的中心线重合。如图1所示,压缩空气注入管72的输出段的中心线与均混主管71的中心线重合,液态发泡介质注入管73的输出段的中心线与均混主管71的中心线重合,这样的结构形式能够提升发泡介质与泡沫混合液F的混合面积,提升混合发泡效能。
在一些实施例中,发泡介质注入管的输出段的端头朝向与泡沫混合液F的流向一致。如图1所示,压缩空气注入管72的输出段的端头朝向与泡沫混合液F的流向一致,液态发泡介质注入管73的输出段的端头朝向与泡沫混合液F的流向一致,有利于发泡介质的输出,且结构合理,可实施性强。
对于如何实现发泡介质注入管的输出段与均混主管71的延伸方向一致,在一些实施例中,发泡介质注入管呈L形,发泡介质注入管的输出段相对于其输入段弯折,易于加工且结构合理。具体如图1所示,压缩空气注入管72呈L形,压缩空气注入管72的输出段相对于其输入段弯折;液态发泡介质注入管73呈L形,液态发泡介质注入管73的输出段相对于其输入段弯折。
考虑到压缩空气A相较于液态发泡介质N更难以均匀混合发泡,在一些实施例中,如图1所示,均混主管71呈L形,均混主管71的输出段相对于其输入段弯折,压缩空气注入管72的输出段穿入均混主管71的输入段,液态发泡介质注入管73的输出段穿入均混主管71的输出段。这样可使具有动量的泡沫混合液F和压缩空气A在均混主管71的弯头曲面会再次被冲剂搅拌混合,而且L形的均混主管71结构紧凑,便于布置且流动阻力小,可实施性强。
在一些实施例中,均混主管71的内壁尺寸D的大小为125mm~200mm,压缩空气注入管72的内壁尺寸D 1的大小为25mm~40mm,液态发泡介质注入管73的内壁尺寸D 2的大小为15mm~30mm。在该尺寸范围内,泡沫均混管7能够获得很好的发泡效率和发泡稳定性。
上述本公开泡沫均混管的各实施例可被应用到混合泡沫灭火系统。相应的,本公开提供了一种混合泡沫灭火系统,其包括前面任一种的泡沫均混管实施例。
在一些实施例中,如图4所示,混合泡沫灭火系统还包括:水供应装置,其出水口与均混主管71的入口相通;泡沫原液供应装置,其出液口与均混主管71的入口相通;消防炮,其入口与均混主管71的出口相通;以及发泡介质供应装置,其出口与发泡介质注入管的入口相通。
具体地,结合图1和图4所示,水供应装置包括水罐1、水罐供水阀3-1、水罐注水阀3-2和水泵3;泡沫原液供应装置包括泡沫原液罐2和泡沫原液泵4,泡沫原液泵4的出液口与均混主管71的入口相通,泡沫原液罐2包括A类泡沫原液罐2-1和B类泡沫原液罐2-2,分别配备有A类泡沫原液罐供液阀4-1和B类泡沫原液罐供液阀4-3,A类泡沫原液罐2-1和B类泡沫原液罐2-2共用泡沫原液泵4。消防炮作为喷射灭火介质的执行装置,在该实施例中,其包括在下车设置的罐顶消防炮5-1和在上车设置的臂架消防炮5-2和上车消防液供应阀10,两个消防炮的供液口为并联设置,均与系统的泡沫输出管路连通,实际作业时可通过阀门进行切换;发泡介质供应装置包括液态介质储存罐14、液态介质储存罐供液阀14-1、液态介质输送泵15、空气压缩 机6和压缩空气输出阀6-1,液态介质储存罐14用于储存液氮或其他液态发泡介质,空气压缩机6向压缩空气注入管72供气,液态介质储存罐14经由液态介质输送泵15向液态发泡介质注入管73供液。
需要说明的是,在上述各部件中涉及泡沫混合液比例混合部分的基本功能及原理与现有技术基本相同,故下面以发泡介质为压缩空气A和液氮N,泡沫原液为A类泡沫原液和B类泡沫原液应用于举高消防车为例来详述面对不同灭火场景时变换发泡介质和泡沫原液类型的技术方案,从而实现压缩气体和泡沫混合液混合匹配发泡。
(一)当用于有人的建筑火灾扑救时,优选采用A类泡沫原液+压缩空气A+水的泡沫灭火模式。
如图4所示,当进行水灭火时,水灭火操作阀8打开,泡沫灭火操作阀9关闭。水泵3的出液口可经水灭火操作阀8连通罐顶消防炮5-1和臂架消防炮5-2。当进行泡沫灭火时,水灭火操作阀8关闭,泡沫灭火操作阀9打开。水泵3的出液口可经泡沫灭火操作阀9→泡沫混合液流量计12-1→泡沫混合液流量调节阀11→泡沫均混管7,然后连通罐顶消防炮5-1和臂架消防炮5-2。
当优选A类泡沫原液进行泡沫液混合时,A类泡沫原液罐供液阀4-1打开、B类泡沫原液罐供液阀4-3及泡沫混合液管路清洗阀4-2均关闭,泡沫原液泵4从A类泡沫原液罐2-1中抽吸A类泡沫原液进行增压注入管路,该压力泡沫原液经过泡沫原液流量计12-2,与从泡沫灭火操作阀9流过的压力水汇集混合后→泡沫混合液流量计12-1→泡沫混合液流量调节阀11→管路加热器16,然后注入泡沫均混管7的均混主管71的进口端。
需要说明的是,这里之所以优选A类泡沫原液是基于A类泡沫灭火剂环保,产生的泡沫附着力强、隔热和防热辐射效果好,能有效的控制固体可燃物的复燃,适用于A类灭火场所。如果选择B类泡沫原液进行泡沫液混合,A类泡沫原液罐供液阀4-1及泡沫混合液管路清洗阀4-2均关闭、B类泡沫原液罐供液阀4-3打开,泡沫原液泵4从B类泡沫原液罐2-2中抽吸B类泡沫原液进行增压注入管路,该压力泡沫原液同样经过泡沫原液流量计12-2,与从泡沫灭火操作阀9流过的压力水汇集混合后→泡沫混合液流量计12-1→泡沫混合液流量调节阀11→管路加热器16后,然后注入泡沫均混管7的均混主管71的进口端。
为了控制泡沫原液与水之间的精确配比关系,本公开的一些实施例中也是利用流量反馈控制泡沫原液流量来实现比例混合。在一些实施例中,如图4所示,混合泡沫 灭火系统还包括控制器13、泡沫混合液流量计12-1和泡沫原液流量计12-2,泡沫混合液流量计12-1用于检测水和泡沫原液混合后的流量,泡沫原液流量计12-2用于检测泡沫原液的流量,控制器13根据上述两流量计的输入信号、泡沫原液罐输出阀打开状态识别等信息,以及现场所需的发泡类型要求,调用预定编程指令(即根据不同泡沫灭火剂规格和发泡类型,确定使用不同的混合比例),控制泡沫原液泵4的转速,从而通过对泡沫原液流量的调控,实现泡沫原液和水形成精确配比。
另外,由于各类泡沫液均会腐蚀系统管路和相关元件,从而影响系统的使用性能和寿命。本公开的一些实施例中也设置冲洗功能,以避免泡沫残液长期附着产生腐蚀。如图4所示,在泡沫灭火操作阀9的出口与泡沫原液泵4进口之间的管路上设置有泡沫混合液管路清洗阀4-2,在非冲洗工况下,该阀一直处于关闭状态,以保证泡沫液混合功能的实现。只有在每次完成泡沫喷射作业后,才能在关闭A类泡沫原液罐供液阀4-1及B类泡沫原液罐供液阀4-3之后,打开泡沫混合液管路清洗阀4-2并启动泡沫原液泵4,进行泡沫管路系统的清洗。
空气压缩机6作为提供压缩空气A的动力元件,输出压缩空气A至泡沫均混管7;泡沫均混管7的结构如图1所示,已混合好的泡沫混合液从均混主管71的进口端流入的同时,压缩空气A也从压缩空气注入管72进口端注入,注意,液态发泡介质注入管73无液氮流入,这样,泡沫混合液在均混主管71内只与空气充分接触,形成泡沫F′,这样完成预发泡后的泡沫F′经过均混主管71的输出端流入系统的泡沫输出管路。为了避免压缩空气注入管路和液氮注入管路的相互影响,在这两个管路的注入端分别设置了单向止回阀。
如图4所示,为了保证压缩空气的顺利注入,在一些实施例中,混合泡沫灭火系统还包括压缩空气输出阀6-1和压力平衡阀6-2,压力平衡阀6-2用于比较水压与空气压力,送出压力控制信号以调节空气压缩机6的进气量,从而实现压力的匹配。为了控制压缩空气与泡沫混合液之间的精确配比关系,控制器13根据泡沫混合液流量计12-1的输入信号、现场所需的发泡类型要求,调用预定编程指令(即根据不同泡沫灭火剂规格和发泡类型,确定使用不同的混合比例),控制空气压缩机6的转速,从而通过对空气压缩机6输出流量的调控,实现精确配比。此外,压缩空气输出阀6-1用于根据实际火情、泡沫种类等因素调节压缩空气的流量。为了避免压缩空气回流,在相应管路上设有单向止回阀。
当然,还有指出在一些情况下也可以采取固定空气压缩机输出流量,去调节消防 泵和泡沫泵的流量输出来实现泡沫混合液和压缩空气的配比混合。
泡沫均混管7的出口通过泡沫输出管路与两个消防炮的进口连通,这样,预制好的泡沫在输送管路中可以进一步均匀混合,直到喷射器喷出。为了避免泡沫回流,在泡沫输送管路上设有单向止回阀。
(二)当用于无人的工业灭火时,优选采用B类泡沫原液+基于液氮加注的压缩氮气+水的泡沫灭火模式。
当优选B类泡沫原液进行泡沫液混合时,A类泡沫原液罐供液阀4-1和泡沫混合液管路清洗阀4-2均关闭、B类泡沫原液罐供液阀4-3打开,泡沫原液泵4从B类泡沫原液罐2-2中抽吸B类泡沫原液进行增压注入管路,泡沫混合液的混合原理、形成和流向参见前述。
需要说明的是,之所以优选B类泡沫原液是基于B类泡沫灭火剂适用于B类灭火场所,特别是针对工业火灾中的各种石油产品、可燃易燃的液体等。B类泡沫灭火剂,可分为非水溶性泡沫灭火剂(如蛋白泡沫灭火剂、氟蛋白泡沫灭火剂、水成膜泡沫灭火剂)和抗溶性泡沫灭火剂,应根据扑救对象的物质特性确定更具体的B类泡沫灭火剂的规格型号。同样,如果选择A类泡沫原液进行泡沫液混合,A类泡沫原液罐供液阀4-1、B类泡沫原液罐供液阀4-3、泡沫混合液管路清洗阀4-2、泡沫原液泵4的操控,泡沫混合液的混合原理、形成和流向亦可参见前述。
液态介质输送泵15是用来抽吸液态介质储存罐14中液氮并进行增压的动力元件,输出液氮至泡沫均混管7。如图1所示,已混合好的泡沫混合液从均混主管71的进口端流入的同时,液氮N也从液态发泡介质注入管73进口端注入,注意,此时空气压缩机系统设定为不工作,压缩空气注入管72无压缩空气流入,这样,泡沫混合液在均混主管71内只与液氮N充分接触,液氮N则从泡沫混合液中吸收热量迅速气化沸腾形成泡沫F′。为了保证液氮N与泡沫混合液F的充分接触,在一些实施例中,如图1所示,液态发泡介质注入管73的输出段轴线应与均混主管71输出段轴线共轴且其端头封闭,在液态发泡介质注入管73的输出段沿轴向和周向设计众多的出液孔74,这样具有动量的液氮N射入均混主管71内,就能迅速气化并与泡沫混合液F混合。这样完成预发泡后的泡沫F′经过均混主管71的输出端流入系统的泡沫输出管路。同样,预制好的泡沫在输送管路中可以进一步均匀混合,直到消防炮喷出。
在一些实施例中,如图4所示,液态介质储存罐14是可自增压的液氮容器,设计压力≤1.6MPa,设计温度是-196℃,用于储存液氮,罐上具有安全阀和压力检测 装置。在一些实施例中,在举高消防车上使用时,液态介质储存罐14的工作压力范围设定为0.4~0.8MPa。当液态介质储存罐处于正常储存状态时,液态介质储存罐加注阀14-3、液态介质储存罐供液阀14-1均关闭;当液态介质储存罐处于输出工作状态时,液态介质储存罐加注阀14-3关闭、液态介质储存罐供液阀14-1打开;当液态介质储存罐内介质消耗后,需要进行加注时,则关闭液态介质储存罐供液阀14-1,在连接外供液氮加注口后,再打开液态介质储存罐加注阀14-3,启动液态介质输送泵15从外界抽吸加注。液态介质储存罐在正常储存和工作状态下,自增压操作阀14-2用于罐内压力的自适应调节,即:当罐内压力一旦降到0.4MPa时,控制系统便打开该阀,让罐内液氮流出一部分液氮,经管路上的空温汽化器汽化为氮气后,再进入罐内增压;再当罐内压力一旦高于0.8MPa时,车载控制系统则关闭该阀。应当指出,液态介质储存罐14内压力之所以要达到上述范围,主要是为了保证能给液态介质输送泵15输入压力相对稳定的供液,而不是直接提供能注入泡沫均混管7内的压力(该压力应≥泡沫混合液的压力)。实际上,液氮注入的压力是靠液态介质输送泵15的增压来实现。
在现有(消防车+各自的撬装装置=组合实现完整灭火单元)的技术方案中,液氮的注入压力都是直接由液态介质储存罐14的自增压来实现。我们知道,汽化器主要有两类,一类是空温汽化器,另一类是水温汽化器(以水为传递介质,通过电加热或燃气加热来提供热量),这两类方式的自增压对压力反馈的补偿均具有滞后性,所以其弊端在于当罐内压力不足时不能快速升压达到要求压力,而当罐内压力达到时亦不能立刻停止升压,尤其当液态介质储存罐的容量较大时这个弊端更明显,因此难以保证液态介质储存罐自增压的时效性。此外,由于一般液态介质储存罐的设计压力为1.6MPa,所以其增压能力亦受到限制。举高消防车在其作业过程中,随着臂架(或梯架)的伸缩状态、变幅状态以及系统喷射流量的不同,消防泵输出的压力不同,泡沫均混管7内泡沫混合液的压力也相应不同,其变化范围基本在1~1.6MPa,对于更高米数的举高消防车可能要≥1.6MPa。因此,在实际的工程实践上,举高消防车的液氮加注完全靠液态介质储存罐14的自增压自动调节来保证,而液氮注入压力≥泡沫均混管7内泡沫混合液压力是无法可靠实现的。
另一方面,为了达到不同的消防目的,泡沫混合液需要根据用途,加注不同比例的压缩气体进行混合,才能保证泡沫液的发泡倍数和泡沫质量,这对于基于液氮加注而言就是要根据液氮汽化后气态和液态的体积比(液氮气化的体积比是640倍),转 变为加注不同比例的液氮流量来实现。现有通过液态介质储存罐14的自增压进行加注的技术方案,就是通过实时计量泡沫混合液的流量,按比例调控液氮加注的流量,液氮加注流量的调控最终途径还是靠管路上的流量阀的开度大小。显然,因为管路通流量是与流量阀的压差是强相关,所以当泡沫混合液流量不变时,因为举高消防车的臂架(或梯架)的姿态发生变化,也会影响泡沫均混管内泡沫混合液的工作压力,进而影响液氮加注的流量,从而导致泡沫混合液的发泡倍数发生变化、泡沫质量无法保证。另外,又因为液态介质储存罐14的自增压调节具有滞后性的特征,上述流量阀的反馈调节过程也难以实施有规律的补偿修正。
综上所述,通过液态介质储存罐的自增压来实现注入压力和流量的匹配在工程实践上难以实现。
为了有效地解决了这个难题,在一些实施例中,如图4所示,液态介质输送泵15的增压压力为2.5MPa~3.5MPa,输出流量为80L/min~200L/min。可满足系统制备泡沫流量≥500L/s,从车载系统应用的方便性和布置紧凑型考虑,液态介质输送泵15为齿轮泵、叶片泵或柱塞泵。优选液压马达直接耦合联结驱动。当然也可以采用变频电机直接耦合联结驱动齿轮泵,或变频电机串联齿轮箱后驱动齿轮泵。我们知道,齿轮泵、叶片泵和柱塞泵的输出流量只与其转速有关,输出压力取决于负载。因此,基于齿轮泵、叶片泵或柱塞泵增压加注的压缩氮气与泡沫液的压力、比例流量匹配,就可简化为单一的比例流量匹配。
为了控制液氮与泡沫混合液之间的精确配比关系,在一些实施例中,混合泡沫灭火系统还包括:泡沫混合液流量计12-1和控制器13,泡沫混合液流量计12-1用于检测泡沫和水混合后产生的泡沫混合液的流量;控制器13用于根据泡沫混合液流量计12-1检测的泡沫混合液的流量控制液态介质输送泵15的转速。控制器13根据泡沫混合液流量计12-1的输入信号、现场所需的发泡类型要求,调用预定编程指令(即根据不同泡沫灭火剂规格和发泡类型,确定使用不同的混合比例),控制液态介质输送泵15的转速,从而通过对液态介质输送泵输出流量的调控,实现精确配比。
相应地,本公开的一个方面,提供一种前述的混合泡沫灭火系统的控制方法,包括:
控制器13根据泡沫混合液流量计12-1检测的泡沫混合液的流量和现场所需的发泡类型,调用预设编程指令,控制液态介质输送泵15的转速。
该方法有效地实现了液态发泡介质与泡沫混合液之间的精确配比,具有较高的可 实施性。
当液态介质输送泵15初始工作时,由于液氮输入管路和齿轮泵的泵体初始温度相对较高,会导致初期部分液氮流经过程汽化,为了避免液态介质输送泵15在工作中发生气蚀,在一些实施例中,发泡介质供应装置还包括放空阀15-1和设置在液态介质输送泵15的供液通路上的第一温度传感器17和供液控制阀15-2,放空阀15-1的入口与液态介质输送泵15的出口相通,控制器13用于根据第一温度传感器17检测的供液温度控制放空阀15-1和供液控制阀15-2的通断状态。通过该是实施例来冷却管路和泵体,即:由第一温度传感器17实时检测液氮输出管路内的温度,当检测温度≥-175℃(液氮的标准沸点是-195.8℃,在0.4~0.8MPa的压力条件下其沸点则是在-173℃~-180℃之间,因此综合考虑温度传导的原因,可以设定触发温度为-175℃)时,控制器13控制供液控制阀15-2关闭、放空阀15-1打开;当检测温度<-175℃时,控制器13控制放空阀15-1关闭、供液控制阀15-2打开。
当液氮从液态发泡介质注入管73的输出段加入均混主管71输出段时,会从泡沫混合液中吸收大量热量,从而导致泡沫均混管7输出段温度降低。一般考虑,当应用低倍数的湿泡沫进行灭火时(泡沫的发泡倍数为8倍左右),通过计算可知此时只要泡沫混合液的温度≥5℃且流量≥80L/s,液氮注入气化并混合后的泡沫温度可以≥3℃。但是如果应用中、高倍数的干泡沫进行防火和灭火时(泡沫的发泡倍数为≥15),通过计算可知,一旦环境温度较低,液氮的注入将可能导致泡沫均混管7输出段温度低于0℃。
为了保证车辆在环境以及大发泡倍数的应用场所正常使用,在一些实施例中,如图4所示,混合泡沫灭火系统还包括管路加热器16,设置在泡沫原液供应装置的出液通路上;第二温度传感器18,设置在泡沫均混管7的出液通路上;其中第二温度传感器18实时检测泡沫均混管7的供液温度,控制器13根据泡沫混合液流量计12-1的输入流量、液态介质输送泵15的输入转速,以及泡沫均混管7的供液温度和火灾现场的环境温度,进行热平衡计算(假定液氮温度为-196℃,根据泡沫液的检测温度和流量、液氮的输入流量,可计算混合后泡沫温度)和比对,根据运算结果和设定的控制策略,控制器13输出控制信号来操控管路加热器16的启动和停止以及液氮加注系统的启动工作。其控制策略为:①当环境温度≥0℃时,若泡沫均混管输出端的供液温度≥5℃,管路加热器16无需启动加热,液氮加注系统可以正常启动工作;若泡沫均混管7输出端的供液温度<5℃,管路加热器16将自动启动加热,维持泡沫均混管7 输出端的供液温度处于5~10℃之间,才能正常启动液氮加注系统工作。②当环境温度<0℃时,管路加热器16将自动启动加热,维持泡沫均混管7输出端的供液温度处于30~35℃之间,才能正常启动液氮加注系统工作。管路加热器16除了能根据第二温度传感器18的检测温度自动启动和关闭外,还应设置手动应急开关功能。
此外,在一些实施例中,如图4所示,混合泡沫灭火系统还包括设置在供液管路上的高压安全阀15-3,用于保护管路不至于过压,以及脉冲消除装置15-4,用于消除液态介质输送泵15的输出压力波动。供液控制阀15-2还用于根据实际火情、泡沫种类等因素调节液氮加注的流量。为了避免液氮回流,同样在相应管路上设有单向止回阀。
基于上述控制策略,在本公开的一个方面,提供一种前述的混合泡沫灭火系统的控制方法,包括:
当环境温度Ta≥0℃且第二温度传感器18检测的供液温度T≥5℃时,控制器13关闭管路加热器16,并启动液态介质加注工作;
当环境温度Ta≥0℃且第二温度传感器18检测的供液温度T<5℃时,控制器13启动管路加热器16,使供液温度T处于5℃~10℃之间,继而启动液态介质加注工作;
当环境温度Ta<0℃时,控制器13启动管路加热器16,使第二温度传感器18检测的供液温度T处于30℃~35℃之间,继而启动液态介质加注工作。
上述本公开混合泡沫灭火系统的各实施例可被应用到消防车上,尤其在举高消防车上。相应地,本公开提供了一种消防车,包括前述的混合泡沫灭火系统。
在一些实施例中,结合图4和图5所示,消防车为多功能正压式泡沫灭火举高消防车,该消防车包括底盘100、副车架400、前支腿200、后支腿600、中心回转体700、混合泡沫灭火系统、第一接口装置300、第二接口装置500、转台800及臂架900。具有水罐、A类泡沫原液罐、B类泡沫原液罐、液氮罐四种灭火剂罐体。水泵3由底盘发动机通过全功率取力器驱动工作,增压能力设计为1.3~1.7MPa,输送流量设计为50~120L/s。泡沫原液泵4由泵电机驱动工作,增压能力设计为1.3~1.7MPa,输送流量设计为5~200L/min;泡沫原液与水比例混合的设计设定范围为:A类泡沫原液(0.1~1%),B类泡沫原液(水成膜)3%。空气压缩机6、液态介质输送泵15均由液压马达驱动,其液压动力则由底盘发动机通过侧窗取力器驱动液压主油泵提供,因为空气压缩机6和液态介质输送泵15是错时分别工作,所以通过液压供油油路的流向切换可以经济和紧凑实现两种气源提供装置的驱动;空气压缩机6的工作增压能力 及压缩空气的设计供应量同现有系统,在此不赘述;液态介质输送泵15的增压能力设计为1.3~1.7MPa,输送流量设计为50~200L/min。
该多功能正压式泡沫灭火举高消防车既可喷射水、压缩空气泡沫液,又可喷射大流量压缩氮气泡沫进行举高消防灭火救人,其消防系统的工作原理参见上述,实现了单车作业的多功能和高效性。
该车的性能指标及匹配参数设计分别如下表1和表2:
表1
Figure PCTCN2020094105-appb-000001
表2
Figure PCTCN2020094105-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2020094105-appb-000003
至此,已经详细描述了本公开的各实施例。为了避免遮蔽本公开的构思,没有描述本领域所公知的一些细节。本领域技术人员根据上面的描述,完全可以明白如何实施这里公开的技术方案。
虽然已经通过示例对本公开的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明,但是本领域的技术人员应该理解,以上示例仅是为了进行说明,而不是为了限制本公开的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解,可在不脱离本公开的范围和精神的情况下,对以上实施例进行修改或者对部分技术特征进行等同替换。本公开的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (23)

  1. 一种泡沫均混管(7),包括:
    均混主管(71),用于将泡沫混合液F与发泡介质混合产生泡沫F′;和
    发泡介质注入管,用于将发泡介质注入所述均混主管(71)内,其输出段穿入所述均混主管(71)的内腔并与所述均混主管(71)的延伸方向一致,其输出段的端头封闭且侧壁设有发泡介质输出孔。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的泡沫均混管(7),其中,所述发泡介质输出孔与所述均混主管(71)的延伸方向垂直。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的泡沫均混管(7),其中,所述发泡介质输出孔为多个并沿着所述发泡介质注入管的输出段的周向和延伸方向均匀布置。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的泡沫均混管(7),其中,所述发泡介质注入管的输出段的中心线与所述均混主管(71)的中心线重合。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的泡沫均混管(7),其中,所述发泡介质注入管的输出段的端头朝向与泡沫混合液F的流向一致。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的泡沫均混管(7),其中,所述发泡介质注入管呈L形,所述发泡介质注入管的输出段相对于其输入段弯折。
  7. 根据权利要求1~6任一项所述的泡沫均混管(7),其中,所述发泡介质注入管包括压缩空气注入管(72)和液态发泡介质注入管(73),所述发泡介质输出孔包括分别设置在所述压缩空气注入管(72)的输出段上的出气孔(75)和所述液态发泡介质注入管(73)的输出段上的出液孔(74)。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的泡沫均混管(7),其中,所述均混主管(71)呈L形,所述均混主管(71)的输出段相对于其输入段弯折,所述压缩空气注入管(72)的输出段穿入所述均混主管(71)的输入段,所述液态发泡介质注入管(73)的输出段穿入所述均混主管(71)的输出段。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的泡沫均混管(7),其中,所述均混主管(71)的内壁尺寸D的大小为125mm~200mm,所述压缩空气注入管(72)的内壁尺寸D1的大小为25mm~40mm,所述液态发泡介质注入管(73)的内壁尺寸D2的大小为15mm~30mm。
  10. 一种混合泡沫灭火系统,包括权利要求1~9任一项所述的泡沫均混管(7)。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的混合泡沫灭火系统,还包括:
    水供应装置,其出水口与所述均混主管(71)的入口相通;
    泡沫原液供应装置,其出液口与所述均混主管(71)的入口相通;
    消防炮,其入口与所述均混主管(71)的出口相通;以及
    发泡介质供应装置,其出口与所述发泡介质注入管的入口相通。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的混合泡沫灭火系统,其中,所述发泡介质供应装置包括液态介质储存罐(14)和液态介质输送泵(15),所述液态介质储存罐(14)用于储存液态发泡介质,所述发泡介质注入管包括液态发泡介质注入管(73),所述液态介质储存罐(14)经由所述液态介质输送泵(15)向所述液态发泡介质注入管(73)供液。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的混合泡沫灭火系统,还包括:
    泡沫混合液流量计(12-1),用于检测泡沫和水混合后产生的泡沫混合液的流量;和
    控制器(13),用于根据所述泡沫混合液流量计(12-1)检测的泡沫混合液的流量控制所述液态介质输送泵(15)的转速。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的混合泡沫灭火系统,其中,所述液态介质输送泵(15)的增压压力为2.5MPa~3.5MPa,输出流量为80L/min~200L/min。
  15. 根据权利要求12所述的混合泡沫灭火系统,其中,所述液态介质储存罐(14)的工作压力被配置为0.4~0.8MPa。
  16. 根据权利要求12所述的混合泡沫灭火系统,其中,所述液态介质输送泵(15)为齿轮泵、叶片泵或柱塞泵。
  17. 根据权利要求12所述的混合泡沫灭火系统,还包括控制器(13),其中,所述发泡介质供应装置还包括放空阀(15-1)和设置在所述液态介质输送泵(15)的供液通路上的第一温度传感器(17)和供液控制阀(15-2),所述放空阀(15-1)的入口与所述液态介质输送泵(15)的出口相通,所述控制器(13)用于根据所述第一温度传感器(17)检测的供液温度控制所述放空阀(15-1)和所述供液控制阀(15-2)的通断状态。
  18. 根据权利要求12所述的混合泡沫灭火系统,还包括:
    管路加热器(16),设置在所述泡沫原液供应装置的出液通路与所述水供应装置的出水通路的合流通路上;
    第二温度传感器(18),设置在所述泡沫均混管(7)的出液通路上;以及
    控制器(13),用于根据所述第二温度传感器(18)检测的供液温度控制所述管路加热器(16)的启动和关闭状态。
  19. 根据权利要求11所述的混合泡沫灭火系统,其中,所述泡沫原液供应装置包 括泡沫原液罐(2)和泡沫原液泵(4),所述泡沫原液泵(4)的出液口与所述均混主管(71)的入口相通,所述原液罐(2)包括A类泡沫原液罐(2-1)和B类泡沫原液罐(2-2),所述A类泡沫原液罐(2-1)和所述B类泡沫原液罐(2-2)共用所述泡沫原液泵(4)。
  20. 根据权利要求12或19所述的混合泡沫灭火系统,其中,所述发泡介质供应装置还包括空气压缩机(6),所述发泡介质注入管包括压缩空气注入管(72),所述空气压缩机(6)用于向所述压缩空气注入管(72)供气。
  21. 一种根据权利要求13所述的混合泡沫灭火系统的控制方法,包括:
    所述控制器(13)根据所述泡沫混合液流量计(12-1)检测的泡沫混合液的流量和现场所需的发泡类型,调用预设编程指令,控制所述液态介质输送泵(15)的转速。
  22. 一种根据权利要求18所述的混合泡沫灭火系统的控制方法,包括:
    当环境温度Ta≥0℃且所述第二温度传感器(18)检测的供液温度T≥5℃时,所述控制器(13)关闭所述管路加热器(16),并启动液态介质加注工作;
    当环境温度Ta≥0℃且所述第二温度传感器(18)检测的供液温度T<5℃时,所述控制器(13)启动所述管路加热器(16),使所述供液温度T处于5℃~10℃之间,继而启动液态介质加注工作;
    当环境温度Ta<0℃时,所述控制器(13)启动所述管路加热器(16),使所述第二温度传感器(18)检测的供液温度T处于30℃~35℃之间,继而启动液态介质加注工作。
  23. 一种消防车,包括权利要求10~20任一所述的混合泡沫灭火系统。
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