WO2021119919A1 - 一种医疗通气设备的通气信息显示方法及装置、医疗设备 - Google Patents

一种医疗通气设备的通气信息显示方法及装置、医疗设备 Download PDF

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WO2021119919A1
WO2021119919A1 PCT/CN2019/125645 CN2019125645W WO2021119919A1 WO 2021119919 A1 WO2021119919 A1 WO 2021119919A1 CN 2019125645 W CN2019125645 W CN 2019125645W WO 2021119919 A1 WO2021119919 A1 WO 2021119919A1
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Prior art keywords
ventilation
parameter
patient
information display
display method
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PCT/CN2019/125645
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
潘瑞玲
王慧华
陈钰
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深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司 filed Critical 深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2019/125645 priority Critical patent/WO2021119919A1/zh
Priority to CN201980098605.XA priority patent/CN114126692A/zh
Priority to EP19956676.1A priority patent/EP4079353A4/en
Publication of WO2021119919A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021119919A1/zh

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    • A61M2230/46—Resistance or compliance of the lungs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2230/00—Measuring parameters of the user
    • A61M2230/50—Temperature

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ventilation information display method of medical ventilation equipment, a ventilation information display device and medical equipment.
  • Human respiration refers to the periodic inhalation and exhalation of gas, absorbing oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide, thereby realizing gas exchange.
  • mechanical ventilation can be used to help the patients complete their breathing; for example, for patients who do not breathe spontaneously, an external device such as a ventilator can usually be used to provide respiratory support to the patient. It can be seen that mechanical ventilation is a way of ventilation that uses mechanical devices to replace, control or change the patient's spontaneous breathing movement.
  • AV assisted ventilation
  • CV controlled ventilation
  • A- CV assist-control ventilation
  • IMV Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation
  • MMV Mandatory Minute Ventilation
  • a ventilation device such as a ventilator ventilates the patient according to a predetermined minute ventilation volume. If the patient's spontaneous breathing is lower than the preset minute ventilation volume, the insufficient part will be provided by the ventilator. Provided, if the patient's voluntary ventilation is greater than or equal to the preset minute ventilation, the ventilator will no longer breathe.
  • the clinically commanded minute ventilation mode is mainly to ensure a smooth transition from controlled ventilation to spontaneous breathing when the patient is weaning. , To avoid the occurrence of hypoventilation.
  • the present invention mainly provides a ventilation information display method for medical ventilation equipment, a ventilation information display device and medical equipment.
  • an embodiment provides a method for displaying ventilation information of a medical ventilation device.
  • the medical ventilation device provides respiratory support for a patient, including:
  • a visualized graph is generated and output, and the patient's ventilation state, the target of the ventilation control parameter, and the target of at least one associated control parameter are displayed through the visualized graph. the goal.
  • an embodiment provides a ventilation information display device, including:
  • One or more sensors for collecting at least one breathing parameter of the patient
  • the processor is configured to execute to implement the method described in any of the embodiments herein.
  • an embodiment provides a medical device including the ventilation information display device described in any of the embodiments herein.
  • an embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium including a program that can be executed by a processor to implement the method as described in any of the embodiments herein.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a medical device according to an embodiment
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a medical device according to another embodiment
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a medical device according to another embodiment
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a medical device according to another embodiment
  • Figure 5(a), Figure 5(b) and Figure 5(c) are three examples where the visualization graph is a ring graph
  • Figure 6 is an example of simultaneously displaying the corresponding visual graphs of the minute ventilation, tidal volume, and respiratory rate;
  • Fig. 7(a), Fig. 7(b) and Fig. 7(c) are three examples where the visualization graph is a histogram
  • Figure 8 is an example of simultaneously displaying the corresponding visual graphs of the minute ventilation, tidal volume, and respiratory rate;
  • Figure 9 is an example of simultaneously displaying the corresponding visual graphs of minute ventilation, tidal volume and respiratory rate
  • Figure 10 is an example of simultaneously displaying the corresponding visual graphs of the minute ventilation, tidal volume, and respiratory rate;
  • Figure 11 is an example where the visualization graph is a two-dimensional graph
  • Figure 12 is an example of simultaneously displaying the corresponding visual graphs of the minute ventilation, tidal volume, and respiratory rate;
  • Figure 13 is an example of simultaneously displaying the corresponding visual graphs of minute ventilation, tidal volume, and respiratory rate;
  • Figure 14 is an example where the visualized figure is an altimeter-like figure
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic flowchart of a method for displaying ventilation information according to an embodiment.
  • connection and “connection” mentioned in this application include direct and indirect connection (connection) unless otherwise specified.
  • a medical device is disclosed in some embodiments of the present invention, and the medical device may include a ventilation information display device.
  • the ventilation information display device may include one or more sensors 10, a processor 30, and a display 50.
  • the medical equipment herein may be a patient monitor or a patient monitoring module in some embodiments, and may be a medical ventilation device in some embodiments, such as a ventilator and an anesthesia machine; when the medical device includes a ventilation information display device
  • the medical equipment can be a patient monitor with a ventilation information display device, a patient monitoring module with a ventilation information display device, and a medical ventilation device with a ventilation information display device; or, to put it another way, the medical equipment can specifically be It is a patient monitor with a ventilation information display function, a patient monitoring module with a ventilation information display function, and a medical ventilation device with a ventilation information display function, which are explained separately below.
  • the medical device may have an independent housing, and the housing panel may have a sensor interface area, wherein the sensor interface area may integrate multiple sensor interfaces for connecting with various external physiological parameter sensor attachments 111, And in some embodiments, it can also be connected to the above-mentioned sensor 10.
  • the shell panel may also include one or more of a small LCD display area, an input interface circuit 122, and an alarm circuit 120 (such as an LED alarm area).
  • the medical equipment has an external communication and power interface 116 for communicating with the host of medical equipment such as patient monitors, ventilators, anesthesia machines, and taking power from the host of medical equipment.
  • the medical equipment can also support an external parameter module, which can form a plug-in monitor host by inserting the parameter module as a part of the monitor, or it can be connected to the host via a cable, and the external parameter module is used as an external accessory of the monitor.
  • the internal circuit of the medical device is placed in the housing, and can include one or more signal acquisition circuits 112 corresponding to physiological parameters and a front-end signal processing circuit 113.
  • the signal acquisition circuit 112 can be selected from ECG circuits, body temperature circuits, blood oxygen circuits, Non-invasive blood pressure circuit and invasive blood pressure circuit, etc., these signal acquisition circuits 112 are respectively electrically connected to corresponding sensor interfaces for electrical connection to sensor accessories 111 corresponding to different physiological parameters, and their output ends are coupled to the front-end signal processing circuit 113
  • the communication port of the front-end signal processing circuit 113 is coupled to the processor 30, and the processor 30 is electrically connected to the external communication and power interface 116.
  • the sensor attachment 111 and the signal acquisition circuit 112 corresponding to various physiological parameters can adopt the general circuit in the prior art.
  • the front-end signal processing circuit 113 completes the sampling and analog-to-digital conversion of the output signal of the signal acquisition circuit 112, and outputs the control signal to control the physiological signal. During the measurement process, these parameters include but are not limited to: ECG, body temperature, blood oxygen, non-invasive blood pressure and invasive blood pressure parameters.
  • the front-end signal processing circuit 113 can be implemented by a single-chip microcomputer or other semiconductor devices. For example, a mixed-signal single-chip microcomputer such as LPC2136 of PHLIPS or ADuC7021 of ADI can be used, or an ASIC or FPGA can be used.
  • the front-end signal processing circuit 113 can be powered by an isolated power source.
  • the sampled data is simply processed and packaged, and then sent to the processor 30 through the isolated communication interface.
  • the front-end signal processing circuit 113 can be coupled to the processor through the isolated power interface 114 and the communication interface 115. 30 on.
  • the reason why the front-end signal processing circuit 113 is powered by the isolated power supply is that the DC/DC power supply isolated by the transformer plays a role in isolating the patient from the power supply equipment.
  • the main purposes are: 1. Isolate the patient, and float the application part through the isolation transformer. Make the patient's leakage current small enough; 2. Prevent the voltage or energy of defibrillation or electrosurgical application from affecting the boards and devices of the intermediate circuit such as the main control board (guaranteed by creepage distance and electrical clearance).
  • the front-end signal processing circuit 113 can also be directly connected to the processor 30 through a cable.
  • the processor 30 is used to complete the calculation of physiological parameters, and send the calculation results and waveforms of the parameters to the host (such as a host with a display, a PC, a central station, etc.) through the external communication interface 119; wherein the processor 30 can be connected through a cable It is directly connected to the external communication interface 119 for communication, and is directly connected to the power interface 116 through a cable to obtain power; the medical device may also include a power supply and battery management circuit 117, which is taken from the host through the power interface 116 The power is supplied to the processor 30 after processing, such as rectification and filtering; the power supply and battery management circuit 117 can also monitor, manage, and protect the power obtained from the host through the power interface 116.
  • the external communication interface 119 can be one of Ethernet, Token Ring, Token Bus, and a local area network interface composed of the backbone fiber distributed data interface (FDDI) of these three networks. Or a combination thereof may also be one or a combination of wireless interfaces such as infrared, Bluetooth, wifi, and WMTS communication, or may also be one or a combination of wired data connection interfaces such as RS232 and USB.
  • the external communication interface 119 may also be one of a wireless data transmission interface and a wired data transmission interface or a combination of both.
  • the host can be any computer equipment such as the host of the monitor or a computer, and a monitoring device can be formed by installing the matching software.
  • the host can also be a communication device, such as a mobile phone.
  • the medical device sends data to a mobile phone that supports Bluetooth communication through a Bluetooth interface to realize remote data transmission.
  • the processor 30 After the processor 30 completes the calculation of the physiological parameter, it can also determine whether the physiological parameter is abnormal, and if it is abnormal, the alarm circuit 120 can give an alarm.
  • the memory 118 can store intermediate and final data of the monitor, and store program instructions or codes for execution by the processor 30 and the like. If the monitor has a blood pressure measurement function, it may also include a pump valve drive circuit 121, which is used to perform inflation or deflation operations under the control of the processor 30.
  • the medical equipment may also be a ventilator.
  • the ventilator is an artificial mechanical ventilation device used to assist or control the patient’s voluntary breathing exercise to achieve the function of gas exchange in the lungs, reduce human consumption, and facilitate Recovery of respiratory function.
  • the medical device may further include a breathing interface 211, a gas source interface 212, a breathing circuit, and a breathing assist device.
  • the breathing circuit selectively communicates the air source interface 212 with the patient's breathing system.
  • the breathing circuit includes an expiratory branch 213a and an inspiratory branch 213b.
  • the expiratory branch 213a is connected between the breathing interface 211 and the exhaust port 213c, and is used to export the patient's exhaled air to the exhaust port 213c.
  • the exhaust port 213c may be open to the external environment, or may be a channel dedicated to a gas recovery device.
  • the gas source interface 212 is used to connect with a gas source (not shown in the figure). The gas source is used to provide gas.
  • the gas can usually be oxygen, air, etc.; in some embodiments, the gas source can be a compressed gas cylinder or a center
  • the air supply source which supplies air to the ventilator through the air source interface 212.
  • the types of air supply include oxygen O2 and air.
  • the air source interface 212 can include pressure gauges, pressure regulators, flow meters, pressure reducing valves and air-oxygen ratios. Conventional components such as regulation and protection devices are used to control the flow of various gases (such as oxygen and air).
  • the inspiratory branch 213b is connected between the breathing interface 211 and the air source interface 212 to provide oxygen or air to the patient.
  • the gas input from the air source interface 212 enters the inspiratory branch 213b, and then enters through the breathing interface 211 The patient's lungs.
  • the breathing interface 211 is used to connect the patient to the breathing circuit.
  • the patient's exhaled gas can also be introduced to the exhaust port 213c through the expiratory branch 213a;
  • the breathing interface 211 may be a nasal cannula or a mask for wearing on the nose and mouth.
  • the breathing assist device is connected to the air source interface 212 and the breathing circuit, and controls the gas provided by the external air source to be delivered to the patient through the breathing circuit; in some embodiments, the breathing assist device may include an exhalation controller 214a and an inhalation controller 214b
  • the exhalation controller 214a is arranged on the exhalation branch 213a, and is used to switch on the exhalation branch 213a or close the exhalation branch 213a according to the control instruction, or to control the flow rate or pressure of the patient's exhaled air.
  • the exhalation controller 214a may include one or more of the exhalation valve, one-way valve, flow controller, PEEP valve and other devices capable of controlling flow or pressure.
  • the inhalation controller 214b is arranged on the inhalation branch 213b, and is used to switch on the inspiratory branch 213b or close the inspiratory branch 213b according to a control command, or to control the flow rate or pressure of the output gas.
  • the inhalation controller 214b may include one or more of devices capable of controlling flow or pressure, such as an exhalation valve, a one-way valve, or a flow controller.
  • the memory 215 may be used to store data or programs, for example, to store data collected by the sensor, data generated by the processor through calculation, or image frames generated by the processor.
  • the image frames may be 2D or 3D images, or the memory 215 A graphical user interface, one or more default image display settings, and programming instructions for the processor can be stored.
  • the memory 215 may be a tangible and non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as flash memory, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, and so on.
  • the processor 30 is used to execute instructions or programs to control various control valves in the breathing assist device, the air source interface 212 and/or the breathing circuit, or process the received data to generate the required calculations. Or judge the result, or generate visualization data or graphics, and output the visualization data or graphics to the display 50 for display.
  • the medical device being a ventilator. It should be noted that the above figure 3 is only an example of the ventilator, which is not used to limit the ventilator to only this structure.
  • the medical device may also be an anesthesia machine, which is mainly used to provide anesthetic gas, and send the anesthetic gas to the patient's respiratory system through a respirator, and control the inhalation of anesthetic gas.
  • the medical equipment of some embodiments may further include a breathing interface 311, a gas source interface 312, a breathing assist device 320, an anesthetic output device 330, a breathing circuit, and a storage 350.
  • the gas source interface 312 is used to connect with a gas source (not shown in the figure), and the gas source is used to provide gas.
  • the gas can usually be oxygen, nitrous oxide (laughing gas), or air.
  • the gas source can be a compressed gas cylinder or a central gas supply source, and the anesthesia machine is supplied with gas through the gas source interface 312.
  • the gas supply types include oxygen O2, laughing gas N2O, and air.
  • the gas source interface 312 can include conventional components such as pressure gauges, pressure regulators, flow meters, pressure reducing valves, and N2O-O2 proportional control and protection devices, which are used to control the flow of various gases (such as oxygen, laughing gas, and air). .
  • the gas input from the gas source interface 312 enters the breathing circuit and forms a mixed gas with the original gas in the breathing circuit.
  • the breathing assist device 320 is used to provide power for the patient's involuntary breathing and maintain the airway patency.
  • the breathing assist device 320 is connected to the air source interface 312 and the breathing circuit, and controls the gas provided by the external air source to be delivered to the patient through the breathing circuit.
  • the breathing assist device 320 mixes the fresh gas input from the air source interface 312 with the gas exhaled by the patient in the breathing circuit and the anesthetic drug output from the anesthetic output device 330 and then outputs the mixture to the breathing interface 311 through the inhalation branch 340b. To drive the patient to inhale, and to receive the patient's exhaled air through the exhalation branch 340a.
  • the breathing assistance device 320 usually includes a machine-controlled ventilation module, and the airflow pipe of the machine-controlled ventilation module is in communication with the breathing circuit.
  • the machine-controlled ventilation module is used to provide the patient with breathing power.
  • the breathing assist device 320 further includes a manual ventilation module, and the airflow pipe of the manual ventilation module is in communication with the breathing circuit. In the induction phase before intubating the patient during the operation, it is usually necessary to use a manual ventilation module to assist the patient in breathing.
  • the breathing assist device 320 includes both a machine-controlled ventilation module and a manual ventilation module
  • the machine-controlled or manual ventilation mode can be switched through a machine-controlled or manual switch (such as a three-way valve), so that the machine-controlled ventilation module or manual ventilation mode can be switched
  • the module is connected with the breathing circuit to control the patient's breathing.
  • the anesthesia machine may only include a machine-controlled ventilation module or a manual ventilation module.
  • the anesthetic output device 330 is used to provide an anesthetic.
  • the anesthetic is mixed into the fresh air introduced by the air source interface 312 in the form of gas, and is delivered to the breathing circuit together.
  • the anesthetic output device 330 is realized by an anesthetic volatilization tank.
  • the anesthetic is usually liquid and stored in the anesthetic vaporization tank.
  • the anesthetic vaporization tank may include a heating device for heating the anesthetic to volatilize and generate anesthetic vapor.
  • the anesthetic output device 330 is connected to the pipeline of the gas source interface 312 , The anesthetic vapor is mixed with the fresh air introduced by the air source interface 312, and then is delivered to the breathing circuit together.
  • the breathing circuit may include an inspiratory branch 340b, an expiratory branch 340a, and a soda lime tank 340c.
  • the inspiratory branch 340b and the expiratory branch 340a are connected to form a closed circuit, and the soda lime tank 340c is set on the expiratory On the pipeline of branch 340a.
  • the mixed gas of fresh air introduced by the air source interface 312 is input from the inlet of the inspiratory branch 340b, and is provided to the patient through the breathing interface 311 provided at the outlet of the inspiratory branch 340b.
  • the breathing interface 311 may be a mask, a nasal cannula, or a tracheal cannula.
  • the inhalation branch 340b is provided with a one-way valve, which is opened during the inhalation phase and closed during the expiration phase.
  • the exhalation branch 340a is also provided with a one-way valve, which is closed during the inhalation phase and opened during the expiration phase.
  • the inlet of the expiratory branch 340a is connected to the breathing interface 311.
  • the exhaled gas enters the soda lime tank 340c through the expiratory branch 340a, and the carbon dioxide in the exhaled gas is filtered by the substance in the soda lime tank 340c.
  • the gas after the carbon dioxide is filtered out is recycled into the inhalation branch 340b.
  • the memory 350 may be used to store data or programs, for example, to store data collected by various sensors, data generated by the processor through calculation, or image frames generated by the processor.
  • the image frames may be 2D or 3D images, or memory 350 can store a graphical user interface, one or more default image display settings, programming instructions for the processor.
  • the memory 350 may be a tangible and non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as flash memory, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, and so on.
  • the processor 30 is used to execute instructions or programs to control the breathing assist device 320, the air source interface 310 and/or various control valves in the breathing circuit, or process the received data to generate the required calculation or judgment results , Or generate visualization data or graphics, and output the visualization data or graphics to the display 50 for display.
  • the medical equipment is a patient monitor, a patient monitoring module, and a medical ventilation device such as a ventilator or an anesthesia machine.
  • the medical equipment of the present application can collect the patient's breathing parameters through the sensor 10 and process them through the processor 30, and the display 50 visually displays the processing results, which will be described in detail below.
  • the sensor 10 is used to collect at least one breathing parameter of the patient, such as the gas flow rate of the patient during ventilation, and the pressure of the patient during the ventilation process, the pressure reflects the pressure acting on different points of the patient's respiratory system during the ventilation process -For example, one or more of airway pressure, intrathoracic pressure, carina pressure, intrapulmonary pressure, esophageal pressure, and intragastric pressure. Described below separately.
  • the senor 10 may be a flow sensor, so that the gas flow rate of the patient during ventilation can be collected.
  • the gas flow rate of the patient during ventilation includes at least the patient's inspiratory flow rate.
  • the sensor 10 may be a flow sensor disposed at the patient end, for example, a flow sensor disposed at the patient interface, and the gas flow rate is the gas flow rate collected by the flow sensor during inhalation.
  • the number of flow sensors is multiple, including an inspiratory flow sensor and an expiratory flow sensor arranged at the mechanical ventilation end. For example, for a ventilator, it may be an inspiratory flow arranged in the inspiratory branch 213b.
  • the sensor and the expiratory flow sensor arranged in the expiratory branch 213a, for the anesthesia machine may be an inspiratory flow sensor arranged in the inspiratory branch 340b and an expiratory flow sensor arranged in the expiratory branch 340a Sensor;
  • the gas flow rate is the difference between the flow rate collected by the inspiratory flow sensor and the expiratory flow sensor during inhalation.
  • the flow sensor may also be a Ypiece flow sensor, which directly measures the flow rate of the gas flowing in and out of the patient end as the gas flow rate.
  • the energy that acts on the patient's respiratory system during mechanical ventilation can be calculated using the gas flow rate during the entire respiration period, including the gas flow rate during inhalation and expiration.
  • the number of pressure sensors 10 is one or more.
  • the pressure sensor 10 is used to collect the pressure of the patient during the ventilation process, and the pressure reflects the pressure acting on different points of the patient's respiratory system during the ventilation process-such as airway pressure, intrathoracic pressure, carina pressure, intrapulmonary pressure, One or more of esophageal pressure and intragastric pressure.
  • the senor 10 may be a pressure sensor, such as a catheter pressure sensor or an optical fiber pressure sensor.
  • a pressure sensor such as a catheter pressure sensor or an optical fiber pressure sensor.
  • the pressure at the corresponding point can be taken. For example, if the pressure sensor is inserted into the patient’s airway, the airway pressure can be collected, if the pressure sensor is inserted into the esophagus, the esophageal pressure can be collected, and if the pressure sensor is inserted into the stomach, the intragastric pressure can be collected.
  • the pressure sensor can be inserted into the carina inside the trachea to collect the carina pressure, the pressure sensor can be inserted into the stomach to collect the intragastric pressure, and the pressure sensor can be inserted into the chest cavity through a wound incision.
  • the intrathoracic pressure can be collected.
  • esophageal pressure can also be used to approximate the intrathoracic pressure.
  • the pressure at some points in the respiratory system can also be used to replace or calculate the pressure at some other points, which will be illustrated by a few examples below.
  • carina pressure may be used instead of intrapulmonary pressure.
  • esophageal pressure can be used instead of intrathoracic pressure.
  • intragastric pressure may be used instead of intraabdominal pressure.
  • the processor 30 may calculate intrapulmonary pressure based on airway pressure. For example, in some embodiments, the processor 30 calculates the intrapulmonary pressure based on the airway pressure, the real-time volume, and the aforementioned gas flow rate. In a specific example, it can be calculated by the following formula:
  • Plung(t) refers to the function of the change of intrapulmonary pressure with time t, or real-time intrapulmonary pressure
  • V(t) refers to the function of volume changes at any time, or real-time volume
  • Paw(t) refers to airway pressure A function that changes with time t, or real-time airway pressure
  • Flow(t) is a function of the patient's gas flow rate during ventilation with time t, or the patient's real-time gas flow rate during ventilation
  • PEEP Positive end-expiratory airway pressure, the unit can be cmH 2 O
  • ⁇ is the time constant, which can be calculated by the following formula:
  • the processor 30 may calculate the transpulmonary pressure by subtracting any one of the intrapulmonary pressure or the airway pressure from the esophageal pressure or the intrathoracic pressure.
  • the transpulmonary pressure can be obtained by subtracting the esophageal pressure from the airway pressure.
  • the processor 30 may also correct the transpulmonary pressure, which will be described in detail below.
  • the processor 30 also corrects the transpulmonary pressure by the airway pressure value and the esophageal pressure value in a state where the positive end expiratory pressure is zero and non-zero; specifically, the processor 30 obtains the expiratory pressure value.
  • the airway pressure Paw PEEP and the esophageal pressure Pes PEEP in the state where the positive end-expiratory pressure is non-zero , and the airway pressure Paw ZEEP and the esophageal pressure Pes ZEEP in the state where the positive end-expiratory pressure is zero are obtained; the processor 30 will Add (Paw PEEP- Paw ZEEP ) and subtract (Pes PEEP- Pes ZEEP ) to the transpulmonary pressure to obtain the corrected transpulmonary pressure.
  • the processor 30 also corrects the transpulmonary pressure value through lung compliance and chest wall compliance; specifically, the processor 30 obtains the static lung compliance Clung and the static chest wall compliance Ccw; It should be noted that there are multiple methods for the processor 30 to obtain the static lung compliance Clung and chest wall compliance Ccw. For example, the processor 30 can obtain the static chest wall compliance Ccw through the following formula:
  • TV is the tidal volume
  • PesI is the end-inspiratory esophageal pressure
  • PEEP es is the end-expiratory esophageal pressure
  • Pplat is the plateau pressure
  • PEEP is the end-expiratory positive airway pressure
  • the static lung compliance Clung can be calculated by solving the following equation:
  • the processor 30 may calculate the error compensation value by the following formula:
  • ⁇ Ptrans erro is the error compensation value
  • Ptrans is the transpulmonary pressure value
  • Plung is the intrapulmonary pressure value
  • the processor 30 subtracts the error compensation value from the transpulmonary pressure to obtain the corrected transpulmonary pressure.
  • the processor 30 may calculate the transdiaphragmatic pressure by subtracting any one of the intra-thoracic pressure or the esophageal pressure from the intra-abdominal pressure or the intra-gastric pressure.
  • the transdiaphragmatic pressure can be obtained by subtracting the intragastric pressure from the esophageal pressure.
  • the intra-abdominal pressure can be collected by extending the pressure sensor into the abdomen through a wound incision or the like.
  • the processor 30 may also correct the transdiaphragmatic pressure.
  • the processor 30 obtains the esophageal pressure Pes PEEP and the gastric pressure Psto PEEP in a state where the positive end expiratory pressure is non-zero , and obtains the esophageal pressure Pes ZEEP and the gastric pressure in a state where the positive end expiratory pressure is zero. Press Psto ZEEP ; the processor 30 adds (Pes PEEP- Pes ZEEP ) and subtracts (Psto PEEP- Psto ZEEP) to the transdiaphragmatic pressure to obtain the corrected transdiaphragmatic pressure.
  • the multiple sensors 10 may include pressure sensors and flow sensors. Therefore, in some embodiments, the breathing parameters of the patient that can be collected by the medical device through the sensor 10 are the gas flow rate of the patient during the ventilation process, the pressure of the patient during the ventilation process, and so on.
  • the processor 30 obtains the target of the ventilation control parameter and the ventilation treatment strategy, and calculates the target of at least one associated control parameter according to the target of the ventilation control parameter and the ventilation treatment strategy. The following describes how the processor 30 obtains the target of the ventilation control parameters and obtains the ventilation treatment strategy.
  • the processor 30 may determine the target of the ventilation control parameter in response to the received target command of the ventilation control parameter. In some embodiments, the processor 30 determines the target of the ventilation control parameter according to one or more of the respiratory parameter or the patient information.
  • the patient information can be the patient's gender, age, and past medical history.
  • the processor 30 determines the ventilation treatment strategy in response to the received command to obtain the ventilation treatment strategy. In some embodiments, the processor 30 determines a ventilation treatment strategy based on one or more of respiratory parameters or patient information. In some embodiments, the ventilation therapy strategy includes a minimum work of breathing strategy.
  • the processor 30 can automatically set the target of the ventilation control parameter and obtain the ventilation treatment strategy according to one or more of the respiratory parameters or the patient information, and can also set the target of the ventilation control parameter and obtain the ventilation treatment according to the user input.
  • the breathing state of the patient may be displayed, so that the user can issue a ventilation control parameter target command or a ventilation treatment strategy command according to the displayed breathing state of the patient.
  • the processor 30 generates the breathing state of the patient according to the breathing parameter, and the display 50 displays the generated breathing state of the patient.
  • the processor 30 when it is determined that the breathing state of the patient has changed according to the breathing parameter, the processor 30 generates prompt information for prompting.
  • the doctor can re-determine a new ventilation control parameter target ⁇ or ventilation treatment strategy according to the prompt information, or the medical ventilation device can automatically trigger the ventilation control parameter target and ⁇ or ventilation according to the prompt information when the breathing parameter changes Changes in treatment strategies.
  • the breathing state is generated based on the breathing parameters.
  • the breathing parameters can be the gas flow rate of the patient during the ventilation process and the pressure of the patient during the ventilation process. Based on these two, the patient's compliance and time can be calculated Constants, etc., as the patient’s breathing state.
  • the compliance can refer to the patient’s total compliance, including static total compliance and/or dynamic total compliance.
  • the compliance here can also refer to the patient’s lung compliance, etc., including static lung compliance and/ Or dynamic lung compliance.
  • the total compliance and time constant of the patient's dynamics are calculated and displayed as the patient's breathing state.
  • a change in the patient’s breathing state can mean that the breathing state changes from one state to another.
  • the change in compliance can mean that a value in one range of compliance changes to another. A range of values.
  • the processor 30 calculates at least one target associated with the control parameter based on the target of the ventilation control parameter and the ventilation treatment strategy. In some embodiments, the processor 30 also calculates a recommended range of ventilation control parameters and at least one associated control parameter.
  • the processor 30 obtains ventilation parameters that characterize the patient's ventilation state according to the acquired breathing parameters.
  • the ventilation parameters include one or more of ventilation control parameters or associated control parameters.
  • the ventilation control parameter may include ventilation volume per minute; the associated control parameter may include tidal volume and/or respiratory rate.
  • the processor 30 generates and outputs visual graphics according to the patient's ventilation parameters, the target of the ventilation control parameters, and the target of at least one associated control parameter, and displays the patient's ventilation status and the status of the ventilation control parameters through the visual graphics.
  • the display 50 displays the content generated by the processor 30, such as the above-mentioned visual graphics.
  • the ventilation control parameter may be the ventilation volume per minute
  • the associated control parameter may include the tidal volume and the respiratory frequency
  • the respiratory state may include the patient's compliance and time constant.
  • First set the goal of minute ventilation-this can be set by the user, or set automatically by the device, and set the ventilation treatment strategy, such as the minimum work of breathing strategy, and then according to the set minute ventilation To calculate the target of tidal volume and the target of respiratory rate.
  • the ventilation treatment strategy such as the minimum work of breathing strategy
  • the set minute ventilation To calculate the target of tidal volume and the target of respiratory rate.
  • the patient’s work of breathing can be calculated from the patient’s compliance and tidal volume
  • the minute ventilation can be calculated from the patient’s tidal volume and respiratory rate, under the constraints of the minimum work of breathing.
  • the current values of the patient's ventilation parameters such as minute ventilation, tidal volume, and respiratory rate are the target of minute ventilation, the target of tidal volume, and the target of respiratory rate, respectively, it means that the patient is at the minimum breathing at this time. Ventilation in the state of work.
  • This mode that allows the patient to ventilate with the minimum work of breathing is essentially a lung-protective ventilation, which allows the patient to match the optimal tidal volume and respiratory rate with the expected minute ventilation. Maximize the real-time achievement or approach and keep the patient at the minimum work of breathing ventilation therapy purpose.
  • the device dynamically monitors the patient's breathing status in real time, such as dynamic compliance and time constant, according to the set goal of minute ventilation, and then calculates and matches the patient's required moisture in real time The target of the volume and the target of the breathing rate, and then real-time ventilation control, so as to achieve or approach to the greatest extent in real time and keep the patient in the ventilation state with the minimum work of breathing.
  • the user is very concerned about the tidal volume, respiratory rate, ventilation volume per minute, and even the patient's dynamic compliance and time constant of the actual ventilation controlled by the device, so that the patient's breathing state and ventilation state can be judged intuitively Whether it is within the recommended range, judge whether the change trend during the ventilation process is in line with the expected treatment purpose, and decide whether it is necessary to adjust the strategy in time according to the patient's breathing state and ventilation state when necessary, such as changing the ventilation control parameters and basically switching the ventilation mode Wait.
  • the processor 30 generates and outputs a visualized graph according to the patient's ventilation parameters, the target of the ventilation control parameter, and the target of at least one associated control parameter, and displays the patient's ventilation status and the status of the ventilation control parameter through the visualized graphics.
  • the display 50 displays the content generated by the processor 30, such as the above-mentioned visual graphics.
  • the visualization graph displays the ventilation state of the patient by displaying at least one of the current value and change trend of the ventilation parameter.
  • the processor 30 calculates the ventilation control parameter and the suggested range of at least one associated control parameter, and displays it on the display 50 through the visual graphics.
  • each ventilation parameter has a corresponding visualization graph. Therefore, the visualization graph also has a parameter name corresponding to the ventilation parameter. Preferably, it may also have a unit name corresponding to the ventilation parameter.
  • graphs There are many ways to visualize graphs, such as circular graphs, histograms, two-dimensional graphs with time as the horizontal and vertical, and altimeter graphs, etc., which are described below with examples.
  • the visualization graph includes a ring graph, which includes a circular arc representing a range of values and a first indicator such as a pointer for representing the current value of the corresponding ventilation parameter.
  • a number indicating the current value of the corresponding ventilation parameter is also provided near the first indicator.
  • the arc also has a number indicating the corresponding value of the arc.
  • the arc includes a safety section for indicating the recommended range of the corresponding ventilation parameters, wherein the safety section is displayed in a manner different from other sections of the arc, for example, the safety section and the other sections are in different colors.
  • the arc is further provided with a second indicator for indicating the target of the corresponding ventilation parameter.
  • a number indicating the target of the corresponding ventilation parameter is also provided near the second indicator.
  • the number representing the current value of the corresponding ventilation parameter is also provided with a third indicator near the corresponding ventilation parameter change trend; or, near the ring graph, there is also a two-dimensional indicator for representing the corresponding ventilation parameter change trend.
  • Coordinate curve graph or digital table In the example in Figure 5, the semicircular arc segment is the ring chart, MV represents the ventilation per minute, that is, the name of the ventilation parameter corresponding to the ring chart, and the L/min near the MV represents the unit.
  • the values 6.0 and 9.0 on the arc-shaped segment in the arc-shaped segment represent the value of the MV indicated by the corresponding position on the arc-shaped segment.
  • a segment of the arc filled with a line in the figure is the safe segment, and the arc-shaped segment is also provided with a second indicator, namely The black-filled scale in the figure indicates the target of the minute ventilation, and its attachment is also provided with a value indicating the target size of the minute ventilation, which is 8.6 in the figure.
  • 7.2 indicates the current value of the MV, and passes the first indication The pointer in the figure points to the corresponding position on the arc-shaped segment. In Figure 5(a), there is an upward arrow on the right side of 7.2, which is the third indicator.
  • FIG. 6 is an example of displaying the circular graphs of ventilation volume per minute, tidal volume, and respiratory rate at the same time, where TV refers to tidal volume and f refers to respiratory frequency.
  • the visualization graph includes a histogram.
  • the histogram includes a bar segment representing a range of values and a fourth indicator for representing the current value of the corresponding ventilation parameter.
  • the fourth indicator There is also a number indicating the current value of the corresponding ventilation parameter nearby.
  • the columnar segment also has a number indicating the corresponding value of the columnar segment.
  • the columnar segment includes a safety segment corresponding to the recommended range of ventilation parameters, wherein the safety segment is displayed in a manner different from other segments of the columnar segment, for example, the safety segment and the other segments are in different colors.
  • the columnar section is further provided with a fifth indicator for indicating the target of the corresponding ventilation parameter.
  • a number indicating the target of the corresponding ventilation parameter is also provided near the fifth indicator.
  • the number representing the current value of the corresponding ventilation parameter is also provided with a sixth indicator near the corresponding ventilation parameter change trend; or, near the histogram, there is also a two-dimensional indicator near the corresponding ventilation parameter change trend. Coordinate curve graph or digital table.
  • MV represents the ventilation volume per minute, that is, the name of the ventilation parameter corresponding to the histogram
  • the L/min near the MV represents the unit.
  • the 6.0, 8.6, and 9.0 on the left of the vertical columnar section respectively indicate the corresponding values.
  • the section of columnar section filled with lines in the figure is the safe section.
  • the black-filled scale indicates the target of the minute ventilation, and its attachment is also provided with a value indicating the target size of the minute ventilation, which is 8.6 in the figure.
  • 7.2 indicates the current value of the MV, and the fourth indicator is the figure.
  • the black-filled triangle head in the middle points to the corresponding position on the columnar section.
  • FIG. 6(b) the two-dimensional coordinate curve showing the change trend of minute ventilation is displayed on the right side of the histogram for users to view; in Figure 6(c), it is in the column The right side of the figure shows a digital table showing the change trend of minute ventilation for users to view.
  • Figure 8 is an example of displaying the histograms of ventilation volume per minute, tidal volume, and respiratory rate at the same time, where TV refers to tidal volume and f refers to respiratory frequency.
  • the histograms corresponding to different ventilation parameters are distributed rotationally symmetrically or distributed side by side. Fig.
  • Fig. 8 is an example of side-by-side distribution of histograms corresponding to various ventilation parameters.
  • Fig. 9 is an example of the rotationally symmetric distribution of the histogram corresponding to each ventilation parameter.
  • the values of different ventilation parameters on the corresponding histogram at the same time are connected to form line segments, and the line segments at different times are displayed in different ways, for example, the line segment at the current time is displayed in the first color, and the line segment at the current time is displayed in the second color.
  • the color and its brightness display the line segment at the previous time, for example, the line segment at the current time is displayed in blue, and the line segment at the previous time is displayed in gray. The darker the gray, the closer to the current time.
  • Figure 10 is an example.
  • the fourth indicator is where the line is engraved on the bar segments on the bar graphs. Then the minute ventilation, tidal volume, and respiratory rate are calculated on the corresponding bar graph at the same time.
  • the connection forms a line segment.
  • the most dense dashed line in the figure represents the line segment at the current moment
  • the second dense dashed line segment represents the line segment one minute before
  • the third dense dashed line segment represents the line segment one minute before.
  • the visualization graph includes a two-dimensional graph, the abscissa of the two-dimensional graph is time, and the ordinate is the corresponding ventilation parameter; the two-dimensional graph has the corresponding ventilation parameters at different moments The first curve generated by the current value.
  • each ventilation parameter corresponds to a two-dimensional graph.
  • the two-dimensional graph also has a second curve generated by the ventilation parameter targets corresponding to the ventilation parameters at different moments.
  • the second curve is displayed in a different manner from the first curve, for example, the color of the first curve is black, and the color of the second curve is gray.
  • Figure 11 is an example.
  • MV refers to the ventilation volume per minute.
  • the first curve in the figure is a solid line segment, and the second curve is a dashed line segment.
  • Fig. 12 is an example of displaying the histograms of ventilation volume per minute, tidal volume and respiratory rate at the same time, where TV refers to tidal volume and f refers to respiratory frequency.
  • the processor 30 determines that the patient has reached the minimum work of breathing state
  • the processor 30 also generates an area on the two-dimensional graph indicating that the patient has reached the minimum work of breathing state, and the display 50 displays it accordingly, for example,
  • the two-dimensional graph shows the area where the patient reaches the minimum work of breathing state. For example, the area enclosed by the dotted dotted rectangle in FIG.
  • the processor 30 also calculates and controls the display 50 to display the proportion of the time that the patient reaches the minimum work of breathing state within a preset time period, such as the bar on the right in FIG. 13, where 30% represents the time from the start time to the current time. At the moment, the percentage of time that the person reaches the minimum work of breathing state.
  • the visualization graph includes an altimeter graph, the altimeter graph includes a vertical line segment with a scale, and a circle; the circle includes the seventh representing the current value of the corresponding ventilation parameter.
  • the seventh indicator is a horizontal chord in a circle, and the scale of the chord corresponding to the line segment indicates the current value of the corresponding ventilation parameter;
  • the circle also includes a symbol indicating the recommended range of the corresponding ventilation parameter Suggested area, the suggested area is displayed in a way different from other areas of the circle, for example, the suggested area is filled with gray, and other areas are white; in some embodiments, the circle is also provided with a target for indicating the corresponding ventilation parameter
  • An eighth indicator, the eighth indicator is the horizontal diameter of the circle, and the height of the circle is set so that the horizontal diameter corresponds to the scale value of the line segment as the target of the corresponding ventilation parameter.
  • a two-dimensional coordinate curve graph or a digital table for indicating the change trend of the corresponding ventilation parameters is also provided near the altimeter-like graph.
  • Figure 14 is an example. The range between the two dashed chords in the circle is the suggested area.
  • a method for displaying ventilation information of a medical ventilation device is also disclosed.
  • the medical ventilation device provides respiratory support for the patient, and the medical ventilation device may be the ventilator or anesthesia machine disclosed herein.
  • the ventilation information display method includes the following steps:
  • Step 1000 Obtain at least one breathing parameter of the patient connected to the medical ventilation device.
  • Respiration parameters can be acquired by the sensor 10 disclosed above, for example, including the gas flow rate of the patient during ventilation, and for example, including the pressure of the patient during the ventilation process, and the pressure reflects the different positions of the patient's respiratory system during the ventilation process.
  • Point pressure for example, one or more of airway pressure, intrathoracic pressure, carina pressure, intrapulmonary pressure, esophageal pressure, and intragastric pressure.
  • Point pressure for example, one or more of airway pressure, intrathoracic pressure, carina pressure, intrapulmonary pressure, esophageal pressure, and intragastric pressure.
  • Step 1010 Obtain the target of ventilation control parameters.
  • step 1010 may be in response to the received ventilation control parameter target command, determining the target of the ventilation control parameter. In some embodiments, step 1010 may be to determine the target of the ventilation control parameter according to one or more of respiratory parameters or patient information.
  • the patient information can be the patient's gender, age, and past medical history.
  • Step 1020 Obtain a ventilation treatment strategy.
  • step 1020 may be to determine the ventilation treatment strategy in response to the received command to obtain the ventilation treatment strategy. In some embodiments, step 1020 may be to determine a ventilation treatment strategy based on one or more of respiratory parameters or patient information. In some embodiments, the ventilation therapy strategy includes a minimum work of breathing strategy.
  • the target of ventilation control parameters and the acquisition of ventilation treatment strategies can be automatically set according to one or more of the breathing parameters or patient information, and the target of ventilation control parameters and the acquisition of ventilation treatment strategies can also be set according to user input. Therefore, in some embodiments, the breathing state of the patient may be displayed, so that the user can issue a ventilation control parameter target command or a ventilation treatment strategy command according to the displayed breathing state of the patient. Specifically, in some embodiments, there is also a step of generating and displaying the patient's breathing state according to the breathing parameter. In some embodiments, there is also a step: when it is judged that the patient's breathing state changes according to the breathing parameters, a prompt is given.
  • the doctor can re-determine a new ventilation control parameter target ⁇ or ventilation treatment strategy according to the prompt information, or the medical ventilation device can automatically trigger the ventilation control parameter target and ⁇ or ventilation according to the prompt information when the breathing parameter changes Changes in treatment strategies.
  • the breathing state is generated based on the breathing parameters.
  • the breathing parameters can be the gas flow rate of the patient during the ventilation process and the pressure of the patient during the ventilation process. Based on these two, the patient's compliance and time can be calculated Constants, etc., as the patient’s breathing state.
  • the compliance can refer to the patient’s total compliance, including static total compliance and/or dynamic total compliance.
  • the compliance here can also refer to the patient’s lung compliance, etc., including static lung compliance and/ Or dynamic lung compliance.
  • the total compliance and time constant of the patient's dynamics are calculated and displayed as the patient's breathing state.
  • a change in the patient’s breathing state can mean that the breathing state changes from one state to another.
  • the change in compliance can mean that a value in one range of compliance changes to another. A range of values.
  • Step 1030 Calculate the target of at least one associated control parameter according to the target of the ventilation control parameter and the ventilation treatment strategy. In some embodiments, step 1030 also calculates the recommended range of ventilation control parameters and at least one associated control parameter.
  • Step 1040 Obtain ventilation parameters that characterize the patient's ventilation state according to the acquired breathing parameters.
  • the ventilation parameters include one or more of ventilation control parameters or associated control parameters.
  • the ventilation control parameter may include ventilation volume per minute; the associated control parameter may include tidal volume and/or respiratory rate.
  • Step 1050 Generate and output a visualization graph according to the patient's ventilation parameters, the ventilation control parameter target, and at least one associated control parameter target, and display the patient's ventilation status, the ventilation control parameter target, and at least one association through the visualization graph The goal of the control parameter.
  • the visualization graph displays the ventilation state of the patient by displaying at least one of the current value and change trend of the ventilation parameter.
  • the ventilation control parameter and the suggested range of at least one associated control parameter are displayed through the visual graph.
  • each ventilation parameter has a corresponding visualization graph. Therefore, the visualization graph also has a parameter name corresponding to the ventilation parameter. Preferably, it may also have a unit name corresponding to the ventilation parameter.
  • any tangible, non-transitory computer-readable storage medium can be used, including magnetic storage devices (hard disks, floppy disks, etc.), optical storage devices (CD to ROM, DVD, Blu Ray disks, etc.), flash memory and/or the like .
  • These computer program instructions can be loaded on a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing equipment to form a machine, so that these instructions executed on the computer or other programmable data processing device can generate a device that realizes the specified function.
  • These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory, which can instruct a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory can form a piece of Manufactured products, including realizing devices that realize designated functions.
  • Computer program instructions can also be loaded on a computer or other programmable data processing equipment, thereby executing a series of operation steps on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, so that the execution of the computer or other programmable equipment Instructions can provide steps for implementing specified functions.
  • Coupled refers to physical connection, electrical connection, magnetic connection, optical connection, communication connection, functional connection and/or any other connection.

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Abstract

一种医疗通气设备的通气信息显示方法，通气信息显示装置和医疗设备，获取与医疗通气设备连接的患者的至少一种呼吸参数(1000)；获取通气控制参数的目标和通气治疗策略(1010,1020)；根据通气控制参数的目标和通气治疗策略计算至少一个关联控制参数的目标(1030)；根据所获取的呼吸参数得到表征患者通气状态的通气参数(1040)；根据患者的通气参数、通气控制参数的目标和至少一个关联控制参数的目标生成可视化图形并输出，通过可视化图形显示患者的通气状态、通气控制参数的目标和至少一个关联控制参数的目标(1050)。

Description

一种医疗通气设备的通气信息显示方法及装置、医疗设备 技术领域
本发明涉及一种医疗通气设备的通气信息显示方法，通气信息显示装置和医疗设备。
背景技术
人的呼吸是指周期节律性地吸入和呼出气体，吸收氧气排出二氧化碳，从而实现气体交换。当一些患者无法进行自主呼吸时，则可以通过机械通气来帮助患者完成呼吸；例如对于患者没有自主呼吸的情况，通常可以通过外置的设备如呼吸机等来给患者提供呼吸支持。可以看到，机械通气是利用机械装置来代替、控制或改变患者自主呼吸运动的一种通气方式。
随着机械通气技术的发展，越来越多的通气模式出现，例如辅助通气(Assisted Ventilation，AV)模式、控制通气模式(Controlled Ventilation，CV)、辅助-控制通气(Assist-control Ventilation，A-CV)模式、间歇指令通气(Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation，IMV)模式和指令每分钟通气(Mandatory Minute Ventilation，MMV)模式等。
以指令每分钟通气为例，在指令每分钟通气模式下，通气设备例如呼吸机按预定每分钟通气量给患者通气，如果患者自主呼吸低于预设每分钟通气量，不足部分则由呼吸机提供，如果患者自主通气已大于或等于预设每分钟通气量，则呼吸机即不再送气，临床上指令每分钟通气模式主要是为了保证患者在撤机时从控制通气到自主呼吸的平稳过渡，避免通气不足的发生。
目前一些机械通气模式例如指令每分钟通气模式等还存在改进空间。
发明内容
本发明主要提供一种医疗通气设备的通气信息显示方法，通气信息显示装置和医疗设备。
根据第一方面，一种实施例中提供一种医疗通气设备的通气信息显示方法，所述医疗通气设备为患者提供呼吸支持，包括：
获取与所述医疗通气设备连接的患者的至少一种呼吸参数；
获取通气控制参数的目标；
获取通气治疗策略；
根据所述通气控制参数的目标和通气治疗策略计算至少一个关联控制参数的目标；
根据所获取的呼吸参数得到表征患者通气状态的通气参数；
根据所述患者的通气参数、通气控制参数的目标和至少一个关联控制参数的目标生成可视化图形并输出，通过所述可视化图形显示患者的通气状态、通气控制参数的目标和至少一个关联控制参数的目标。
根据第二方面，一种实施例中提供一种通气信息显示装置，包括：
显示器；
一个或多个传感器，用于采集患者的至少一种呼吸参数；
处理器，用于执行以实现如本文中任一实施例所述的方法。
根据第三方面，一种实施例例中提供一种医疗设备，该医疗设备包括本文中任一实施例所述的通气信息显示装置。
根据第四方面，一种实施例提供一种计算机可读存储介质，包括程序，所述程序能够被处理器执行以实现如本文中任一实施例所述的方法。
附图说明
图1为一种实施例的医疗设备的结构示意图；
图2为另一种实施例的医疗设备的结构示意图；
图3为又一种实施例的医疗设备的结构示意图；
图4为还一种实施例的医疗设备的结构示意图；
图5(a)、图5(b)和图5(c)分别为可视化图形为环形图的三个例子；
图6为同时显示每分钟通气量、潮气量和呼吸频率所对应的可视化图形的一个例子；
图7(a)、图7(b)和图7(c)分别为可视化图形为柱状图的三个例子；
图8为同时显示每分钟通气量、潮气量和呼吸频率所对应的可视化图形的一个例子；
图9为同时显示每分钟通气量、潮气量和呼吸频率所对应的可视化 图形的一个例子；
图10为同时显示每分钟通气量、潮气量和呼吸频率所对应的可视化图形的一个例子；
图11为可视化图形为二维曲线图的一个例子；
图12为同时显示每分钟通气量、潮气量和呼吸频率所对应的可视化图形的一个例子；
图13为同时显示每分钟通气量、潮气量和呼吸频率所对应的可视化图形的一个例子；
图14为可视化图形为高度仪状图的一个例子；
图15为一种实施例的通气信息显示方法的流程示意图。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。其中不同实施方式中类似元件采用了相关联的类似的元件标号。在以下的实施方式中，很多细节描述是为了使得本申请能被更好的理解。然而，本领域技术人员可以毫不费力的认识到，其中部分特征在不同情况下是可以省略的，或者可以由其他元件、材料、方法所替代。在某些情况下，本申请相关的一些操作并没有在说明书中显示或者描述，这是为了避免本申请的核心部分被过多的描述所淹没，而对于本领域技术人员而言，详细描述这些相关操作并不是必要的，他们根据说明书中的描述以及本领域的一般技术知识即可完整了解相关操作。
另外，说明书中所描述的特点、操作或者特征可以以任意适当的方式结合形成各种实施方式。同时，方法描述中的各步骤或者动作也可以按照本领域技术人员所能显而易见的方式进行顺序调换或调整。因此，说明书和附图中的各种顺序只是为了清楚描述某一个实施例，并不意味着是必须的顺序，除非另有说明其中某个顺序是必须遵循的。
本文中为部件所编序号本身，例如“第一”、“第二”等，仅用于区分所描述的对象，不具有任何顺序或技术含义。而本申请所说“连接”、“联接”，如无特别说明，均包括直接和间接连接(联接)。
本发明一些实施例中公开了一种医疗设备，该医疗设备可以包括通气信息显示装置。，请参照图1，一些实施例中，通气信息显示装置可以包括一个或多个传感器10、处理器30和显示器50。本文中的医疗设备， 在一些实施例中可以是病人监护仪或病人监护模块等，在一些实施例中可以是医用通气装置，例如呼吸机和麻醉机等；当医疗设备包括通气信息显示装置时，则对应地，医疗设备具体可以是具有通气信息显示装置的病人监护仪，具有通气信息显示装置的病人监护模块，具有通气信息显示装置的医用通气装置；或者，换个说句，医疗设备具体可以是带有通气信息显示功能的病人监护仪，带有通气信息显示功能的病人监护模块，带有通气信息显示功能的医用通气装置，下面分别说明。
请参照图2，一些实施例中医疗设备可以具有独立的外壳，外壳面板上可以具有传感器接口区，其中传感器接口区可以集成多个传感器接口，用于与外部的各个生理参数传感器附件111连接，以及一些实施例中还可以用与上述的传感器10连接。外壳面板上还可以包括小型IXD显示器区、输入接口电路122和报警电路120(如LED报警区)等中的一个或多个。医疗设备具有用于与病人监护仪、呼吸机、麻醉机等医疗设备主机进行通讯和从医疗设备主机取电的对外通讯和电源接口116。医疗设备还可以支持外插参数模块，可以通过插入参数模块形成插件式监护仪主机，作为监护仪的一部分，也可以通过电缆与主机连接，外插参数模块作为监护仪外置的一个配件。医疗设备的内部电路置于外壳内，可以包括一个或多个生理参数对应的信号采集电路112和前端信号处理电路113，信号采集电路112可以选自于心电电路、体温电路、血氧电路、无创血压电路和有创血压电路等等，这些信号采集电路112分别与相应的传感器接口电连接，用于电连接到不同的生理参数对应的传感器附件111，其输出端耦合到前端信号处理电路113，前端信号处理电路113的通讯口耦合到处理器30，处理器30与对外通讯和电源接口116电连接。各种生理参数对应的传感器附件111和信号采集电路112可采用现有技术中的通用电路，前端信号处理电路113完成信号采集电路112输出信号的采样和模数转换，并输出控制信号控制生理信号的测量过程，这些参数包括但不限于：心电，体温，血氧，无创血压和有创血压参数。前端信号处理电路113可采用单片机或其它半导体器件实现，例如可以选用PHLIPS公司的LPC2136，或者ADI的ADuC7021等混合信号单片机，也可以采用ASIC或FPGA实现。前端信号处理电路113可由隔离电源供电，采样得到的数据经过简单处理打包后，通过隔离通讯接口发送至处理器30，例如前端信号处理电路113可以通过隔离电源接口114 和通讯接口115耦合到处理器30上。前端信号处理电路113由隔离电源供电的原因是通过变压器隔离的DC/DC电源，起到了隔离患者与供电设备的作用，主要目的是：1、隔离患者，通过隔离变压器，将应用部分浮地，使患者漏电流足够小；2、防止除颤或电刀应用时的电压或能量影响主控板等中间电路的板卡及器件(用爬电距离和电气间隙保证)。当然，前端信号处理电路113还可以通过电缆直接与处理器30连接。处理器30用于完成生理参数的计算，并通过对外通讯接口119将参数的计算结果和波形发送到主机(如带显示器的主机、PC机、中央站等等)；其中处理器30可以通过电缆直接与对外通讯接口119连接以进行通讯，以及通过电缆直接与电源接口116连接以进行取电；医疗设备还可以包括电源和电池管理电路117，电源和电池管理电路117通过电源接口116从主机取电，并经过处理后供应给处理器30，例如整流和滤波等；电源和电池管理电路117还可以对通过电源接口116从主机所取得的电进行监测、管理和供电保护。对外通讯接口119可以是以太网(Ethernet)、令牌环(Token Ring)、令牌总线(Token Bus)以及作为这三种网的骨干网光纤分布数据接口(FDDI)构成的局域网接口中的一个或其组合，还可以是红外、蓝牙、wifi、WMTS通讯等无线接口中的一个或其组合，或者还可以是RS232、USB等有线数据连接接口中的一个或其组合。对外通讯接口119也可以是无线数据传输接口和有线数据传输接口中的一种或两种的组合。主机可以是监护仪的主机、计算机等任何一个计算机设备，安装配合的软件，就能够组成一个监护设备。主机还可以是通讯设备，例如手机，医疗设备通过蓝牙接口将数据发送到支持蓝牙通讯的手机上，实现数据的远程传输。处理器30完成生理参数的计算后，还可判断生理参数是否异常，若异常，可以通过报警电路120进行报警。存储器118可以存储监护仪的中间和最终的数据，以及存储用于被处理器30等执行的程序指令或代码。若监护仪具有血压测量的功能，则还可以包括一个泵阀驱动电路121，泵阀驱动电路121用于在处理器30的控制下进行充气或放气操作。
以上是医疗设备为病人监护仪的一些说明。
一些实施例中医疗设备也可以是呼吸机，呼吸机是一种人工的机械通气装置，用以辅助或控制患者的自主呼吸运动，以达到肺内气体交换的功能，降低人体的消耗，以利于呼吸功能的恢复。请参照图3，一些 实施例中医疗设备还可以包括呼吸接口211、气源接口212、呼吸回路和呼吸辅助装置。
呼吸回路将气源接口212和患者的呼吸系统选择性连通。一些实施例中呼吸回路包括呼气支路213a和吸气支路213b，呼气支路213a连接在呼吸接口211和排气口213c之间，用于将患者呼出的气导出到排气口213c。排气口213c可以通到外界环境，也可以通道专用的气体回收装置中。气源接口212用于与气源(图中未示出)连接，气源用以提供气体，该气体通常可采用氧气和空气等；一些实施例中，该气源可以采用压缩气瓶或中心供气源，通过气源接口212为呼吸机供气，供气种类有氧气O2和空气等，气源接口212中可以包括压力表、压力调节器、流量计、减压阀和空气-氧气比例调控保护装置等常规组件，分别用于控制各种气体(例如氧气和空气)的流量。吸气支路213b连接在呼吸接口211和气源接口212之间，用于为患者提供氧气或空气，例如从气源接口212输入的气体进入吸气支路213b中，然后通过呼吸接口211进入患者的肺部。呼吸接口211是用于将患者连接到呼吸回路，除了将由吸气支路213b传输过来的气体导入到患者外，还可以将患者呼出的气体通过呼气支路213a导入到排气口213c；根据情况，呼吸接口211可以是鼻插管或用于佩戴在口鼻上的面罩。呼吸辅助装置与气源接口212和呼吸回路连接，控制将外部气源提供的气体通过所述呼吸回路输送给患者；一些实施例中呼吸辅助装置可以包括呼气控制器214a和吸气控制器214b，呼气控制器214a设置在呼气支路213a上，用于根据控制指令接通呼气支路213a或关闭呼气支路213a，或控制患者呼出气体的流速或压力。具体实现时，呼气控制器214a可以包括呼气阀、单向阀、流量控制器、PEEP阀等能实现对流量或压力控制的器件中的一个或多个。吸气控制器214b设置在吸气支路213b上，用于根据控制指令接通吸气支路213b或关闭吸气支路213b，或控制输出气体的流速或压力。具体实现时，吸气控制器214b可以包括呼气阀、单向阀或流量控制器等能实现对流量或压力控制的器件中的一个或多个。
存储器215可以用于存储数据或者程序，例如用于存储传感器所采集的数据、处理器经计算所生成的数据或处理器所生成的图像帧，该图像帧可以是2D或3D图像，或者存储器215可以存储图形用户界面、一个或多个默认图像显示设置、用于处理器的编程指令。存储器215可以 是有形且非暂态的计算机可读介质，例如闪存、RAM、ROM、EEPROM等。
一些实施例中处理器30用于执行指令或程序，对呼吸辅助装置、气源接口212和/或呼吸回路中的各种控制阀进行控制，或对接收的数据进行处理，生成所需要的计算或判断结果，或者生成可视化数据或图形，并将可视化数据或图形输出给显示器50进行显示。
以上是医疗设备为呼吸机的一些描述，需要说明的是，上面图3只是呼吸机的一种例子，这并不用于限定呼吸机只能是如此的结构。
一些实施例中医疗设备也可以是麻醉机，该麻醉机主要用于提供麻醉气体，并将麻醉气体通过呼吸器送至患者的呼吸系统，并对麻醉气体吸入量进行控制。请参照图4，一些实施例的医疗设备还可以包括呼吸接口311、气源接口312、呼吸辅助装置320、麻药输出装置330、呼吸回路和存储器350。
气源接口312用于与气源(图中未示出)连接，气源用以提供气体。该气体通常可采用氧气、氧化亚氮(笑气)或空气等。一些实施例中，该气源可以采用压缩气瓶或中心供气源，通过气源接口312为麻醉机供气，供气种类有氧气O2、笑气N2O、空气等。气源接口312中可以包括压力表、压力调节器、流量计、减压阀和N2O-O2比例调控保护装置等常规组件，分别用于控制各种气体(例如氧气、笑气和空气)的流量。气源接口312输入的气体进入呼吸回路中，和呼吸回路中原有的气体组成混合气体。
呼吸辅助装置320用于为患者的非自主呼吸提供动力，维持气道通畅。一些实施例中呼吸辅助装置320与气源接口312和呼吸回路连接，控制将外部气源提供的气体通过所述呼吸回路输送给患者。一些具体实施例中，呼吸辅助装置320将气源接口312输入的新鲜气体和呼吸回路中患者呼出的气体以及麻药输出装置330输出的麻醉药物混合后经吸气支路340b输出到呼吸接口311，以驱动患者吸气，并通过呼气支路340a接收患者呼出的气体。在具体实施例中，呼吸辅助装置320通常包括机控通气模块，机控通气模块的气流管道和呼吸回路连通。在手术过程中的麻醉维持阶段或患者未恢复自主呼吸的状态下，采用机控通气模块为患者提供呼吸的动力。在有的实施例中，呼吸辅助装置320还包括手动通气模块，手动通气模块的气流管道和呼吸回路连通。在手术过程中对 患者插管之前的诱导阶段，通常需要采用手动通气模块对患者进行呼吸辅助。当呼吸辅助装置320同时包括机控通气模块和手动通气模块时，可通过机控或手控开关(例如一个三通阀)来切换机控或手动通气模式，以便将机控通气模块或手动通气模块和呼吸回路连通，从而控制患者的呼吸。本领域技术人员应当理解，可以根据具体的需要，麻醉机中可以只包括机控通气模块或手动通气模块。
麻药输出装置330用于提供麻醉药物，通常情况下，麻醉药物以气体的形式混合到气源接口312引入的新鲜空气中，并被一起输送到呼吸回路中。在一种具体实施例中，麻药输出装置330采用麻药挥发罐实现。麻药通常为液态，存储在麻药挥发罐中，可选的，麻药挥发罐中可包括加热装置，用于加热麻药使之挥发，产生麻药蒸汽，麻药输出装置330与气源接口312的管路连通，麻药蒸汽和气源接口312引入的新鲜空气混合，然后被一起输送到呼吸回路中。
一些实施例中呼吸回路可以包括吸气支路340b、呼气支路340a和钠石灰罐340c，吸气支路340b和呼气支路340a连通构成一闭合回路，钠石灰罐340c设置在呼气支路340a的管路上。气源接口312引入的新鲜空气的混合气体由吸气支路340b的入口输入，通过设置在吸气支路340b的出口处的呼吸接口311提供给患者。呼吸接口311可以是面罩、鼻插管或气管插管。在较佳的实施例中，吸气支路340b上设置有单向阀，该单向阀在吸气相时打开，在呼气相时关闭。呼气支路340a也上设置有单向阀，该单向阀在吸气相时关闭，在呼气相时打开。呼气支路340a的入口和呼吸接口311连通，当患者呼气时，呼出的气体经呼气支路340a进入钠石灰罐340c中，呼出的气体中的二氧化碳被钠石灰罐340c中的物质滤除，滤除二氧化碳后的气体再循环进入吸气支路340b中。
存储器350可以用于存储数据或者程序，例如用于存储各传感器所采集的数据、处理器经计算所生成的数据或处理器所生成的图像帧，该图像帧可以是2D或3D图像，或者存储器350可以存储图形用户界面、一个或多个默认图像显示设置、用于处理器的编程指令。存储器350可以是有形且非暂态的计算机可读介质，例如闪存、RAM、ROM、EEPROM等。
处理器30用于执行指令或程序，对呼吸辅助装置320、气源接口310和/或呼吸回路中的各种控制阀进行控制，或对接收的数据进行处理，生 成所需要的计算或判断结果，或者生成可视化数据或图形，并将可视化数据或图形输出给显示器50进行显示。
以上是医疗设备为麻醉机的一些描述，需要说明的是，上面图4只是麻醉机的一种例子，这并不用于限定麻醉机只能是如此的结构。
上面描述了医疗设备为病人监护仪、病人监护模块和医用通气装置例如呼吸机或麻醉机的一些例子。本申请的医疗设备可以通过传感器10采集患者的呼吸参数，并通过处理器30进行处理，显示器50将处理结果进行可视化显示，下面具体说明。
传感器10用于采集患者的至少一种呼吸参数，例如患者在通气过程中的气体流速，再例如在通气过程中患者的压力，所述压力反映通气过程中作用于患者呼吸系统不同位点的压力——例如气道压、胸腔内压、隆突压、肺内压、食道压和胃内压中的一种或多种。下面分别说明。
一些实施例中，传感器10可以为流量传感器，从而可以采集患者在通气过程中的气体流速。一些实施例中，患者在通气过程中的气体流速至少包括患者的吸气流速。一些实施例中，传感器10可以是设置于患者端的流量传感器，例如设置于患者接口处的流量传感器，所述气体流速为该流量传感器在吸气期间所采集的气体流速。一些实施例中，流量传感器的数量为多个，包括设置于机械通气端的吸气流量传感器和呼气流量传感器，例如对于呼吸机来讲，可以是设置于吸气支路213b中的吸气流量传感器和设置于呼气支路213a中的呼气流量传感器，对于麻醉机来讲，可以是设置于吸气支路340b中的吸气流量传感器和设置于呼气支路340a中的呼气流量传感器；所述气体流速为所述吸气流量传感器和呼气流量传感器在吸气期间所采集的流速的差。一些实施例中流量传感器也可以是Ypiece流量传感器，通过直接测量病人端流进和流出的流速作为所述气体流速。当然，机械通气过程中作用于患者呼吸系统的能量可以考虑用整个呼吸期间的气体流速来计算，包括吸气期间和呼气期间的气体流速。
一些实施例中压力传感器10的数量为一个或多个。压力传感器10用于采集在通气过程中患者的压力，所述压力反映通气过程中作用于患者呼吸系统不同位点的压力——例如气道压、胸腔内压、隆突压、肺内压、食道压和胃内压中的一种或多种。
一些实施例中，传感器10可以是压力传感器，例如导管式压力传感 器或者光纤式压力传感器等，通过将压力传感器伸入到患者呼吸系统相应位点，就可以采取到相应位点的压力。例如将压力传感器伸入到患者的气道则可以采集到气道压，将压力传感器伸入到食道中则可以采集到食道压，将压力传感器伸入到胃内则可以采集到胃内压，将压力传感器伸入到气管内部的隆突处，则可以采集到隆突压，将压力传感器伸入到胃内则可以采集到胃内压，将压力传感器通过创切口等伸入到胸腔内则可以采集到胸腔内压。当然，也可以采用食道压来近似替代胸腔内压。一些实施例中还可以通过呼吸系统中一些位点的压力来代替或计算其他一些位点的压力，下面通过几个例子来说明。
一些实施例中，可以采用隆突压来代替肺内压。一些实施例中，可以采取食道压来代替胸腔内压。一些实施例中，可以采用胃内压代替腹内压。
一些实施例中，处理器30可以基于气道压来计算肺内压。例如一些实施例中，处理器30通过气道压、实时容积和上述的气体流速来进行肺内压的计算。一个具体的例子中，可以通过下面的公式来计算：
Figure PCTCN2019125645-appb-000001
其中Plung(t)指肺内压随时间t变化的函数，或者说是实时肺内压；V(t)是指容积随时变化的函数，或者说是实时容积；Paw(t)指气道压随时间t变化的函数，或者说是实时气道压；Flow(t)是患者在通气过程中的气体流速随时间t变化的函数，或者说是患者在通气过程中的实时气体流速；PEEP为呼气末气道正压，单位可以为cmH 2O；τ为时间常数，可以通过下述公式计算：
Figure PCTCN2019125645-appb-000002
一些实施例中，处理器30可以通过肺内压或气道压中任意一者，减去食道压或胸腔内压中任意一者，来计算得到跨肺压。例如通过将气道压减去食道压来得到跨肺压。一些实施例中，处理器30还可以对跨肺压进行校正，下面具体说明。
在一些实施例中，处理器30还通过在呼气末正压为零和非零的状态下的气道压力值和食道压力值来对跨肺压进行校正；具体地，处理器30获取呼气末正压为非零的状态下的气道压Paw PEEP和食道压Pes PEEP， 以及获取呼气末正压为零的状态下的气道压Paw ZEEP和食道压Pes ZEEP；处理器30将跨肺压加上(Paw PEEP-Paw ZEEP)并减去(Pes PEEP-Pes ZEEP)得到校正后的跨肺压。
在一些实施例中，处理器30还通过肺顺应性和胸壁顺应性来对所述跨肺压力值进行校正；具体地，处理器30获取静态的肺顺应性Clung和静态的胸壁顺应性Ccw；需要说明的是，处理器30获取静态的肺顺应性Clung和胸壁顺应性Ccw的方法有多种，例如处理器30可以通过以下公式获取静态的胸壁顺应性Ccw：
Figure PCTCN2019125645-appb-000003
其中TV为潮气量，PesI为吸气末食道压，PEEP es为呼气末食道压；需要说明的是，一些实施例中，潮气量TV可以通过对气体流速累加而得到。
接着可以通过以下公式计算静态的总顺应性C state：
Figure PCTCN2019125645-appb-000004
其中TV为潮气量，Pplat为平台压，PEEP为呼气末气道正压；需要说明的是，平台压Pplat可以认为是吸气末压力，例如呼气转呼吸前100ms的压力均值。
在计算得到静态的总顺应性C state和静态的胸壁顺应性Ccw的情况下，可以通过求解下述等式来计算静态的肺顺应性Clung：
Figure PCTCN2019125645-appb-000005
在获取静态的肺顺应性Clung和静态的胸壁顺应性Ccw后，处理器30可以通过以下公式计算误差补偿值：
Figure PCTCN2019125645-appb-000006
其中ΔPtrans erro为误差补偿值，Ptrans为跨肺压力值，Plung为肺内压力值；
处理器30将跨肺压减去所述误差补偿值得到校正后的跨肺压。
一些实施例中，处理器30可以通过胸腔内压或食道压任意一者，减去腹内压或胃内压中任意一者，来计算得到跨膈压。例如通过将食道压减去胃内压来得到跨膈压。需要说明的是，一些实施例中，将压力传 感器通过创切口等伸入到腹部内则可以采集到腹内压。一些实施例中，处理器30还可以对跨膈压进行校正。例如所述处理器30获取呼气末正压为非零的状态下的食道压Pes PEEP和胃内压Psto PEEP，以及获取呼气末正压为零的状态下的食道压Pes ZEEP和胃内压Psto ZEEP；处理器30将跨膈压加上(Pes PEEP-Pes ZEEP)并减去(Psto PEEP-Psto ZEEP)得到校正后的跨膈压。
以上就是对气道压、胸腔内压、隆突压、肺内压、食道压和胃内压、腹内压、跨肺压和跨膈压的一些说明。
通过上述描述可知，一些实施例中传感器10可以为多个，这多个传感器10中可以有压力传感器和流量传感器。因此，一些实施例中，医疗设备通过传感器10可以采集到的患者的呼吸参数为患者在通气过程中的气体流速和在通气过程中患者的压力等。
一些实施例中，处理器30获取通气控制参数的目标和获取通气治疗策略，并根据通气控制参数的目标和通气治疗策略计算至少一个关联控制参数的目标。下面对于处理器30如何获取通气控制参数的目标和获取通气治疗策略分别进行说明。
一些实施例中，处理器30可以是响应于接收到的通气控制参数目标命令，确定所述通气控制参数的目标。一些实施例中，处理器30根据呼吸参数或患者信息中的一个或多个，确定所述通气控制参数的目标。患者信息可以是患者的性别、年龄和过往病史等。
一些实施例中，处理器30响应于接收到的获取通气治疗策略命令，确定所述通气治疗策略。一些实施例中，处理器30根据呼吸参数或患者信息中的一个或多个，确定通气治疗策略。一些实施例中，通气治疗策略包括最小呼吸功策略。
可以看到，处理器30可以根据呼吸参数或患者信息中的一个或多个来自动设置通气控制参数的目标和获取通气治疗策略，也可以根据用户输入来设置通气控制参数的目标和获取通气治疗策略。因此，一些实施例中，可以显示患者的呼吸状态，来使得用户可以根据所显示的患者呼吸状态，来下达通气控制参数目标命令或通气治疗策略命令等。具体地，一些实施例中，处理器30根据呼吸参数生成患者的呼吸状态，显示器50显示所生成的患者的呼吸状态。一些实施例中，当根据呼吸参数判断患者的呼吸状态发生变化，则处理器30生成提示信息以进行提示。进一 步地，医生可以根据提示信息重新制定新的通气控制参数的目标\或通气治疗策略，或者，医疗通气设备可以在呼吸参数发生变化时，根据提示信息自动触发通气控制参数的目标和\或通气治疗策略的改变。本文中呼吸状态是根据呼吸参数所生成，如上所述，呼吸参数可以是患者在通气过程中的气体流速和在通气过程中患者的压力等，根据这两者，可以计算患者的顺应性和时间常数等，作为患者的呼吸状态。这里的顺应性可以是指患者的总顺应性，包括静态的总顺应性和/或动态的总顺应性，这里的顺应性也可是指患者的肺顺应性等，包括静态的肺顺应性和/或动态的肺顺应性。一些实施例中，计算患者的动态的总顺应性和时间常数，作为患者的呼吸状态来显示。患者的呼吸状态发生变化，则可以是指其呼吸状态由一个状态变化到另一个状态，例如以患者的顺应性为例，其顺应性改变，可以是指顺应性一个范围中的值变到另一个范围的值。
以上是对于处理器30获取通气控制参数的目标和获取通气治疗策略的一些说明。一些实施例中，处理器30根据通气控制参数的目标和通气治疗策略计算至少一个关联控制参数的目标。一些实施例中，处理器30还计算通气控制参数和至少一个关联控制参数的建议范围。
一些实施例中，处理器30根据所获取的呼吸参数得到表征患者通气状态的通气参数。一些实施例中，通气参数包括通气控制参数或关联控制参数中一者或多者。具体地，通气控制参数可以包括每分钟通气量；关联控制参数可以包括潮气量和/或呼吸频率。
一些实施例中，处理器30根据所述患者的通气参数、通气控制参数的目标和至少一个关联控制参数的目标生成可视化图形并输出，通过所述可视化图形显示患者的通气状态、通气控制参数的目标和至少一个关联控制参数的目标。显示器50则显示处理器30所生成的内容，例如上述的可视化图形等。
下面不妨以由指令分钟通气模式发展而来的适应性支持通气模式来说明。在一些实施例的适应性支持通气模式中，通气控制参数可以为每分钟通气量，关联控制参数可以包括潮气量和呼吸频率，呼吸状态可以包括患者的顺应性和时间常数。
首先设定每分钟通气量的目标——这可以是由用户来设定，或者装置自动来设定，以及设定通气治疗策略例如可以是最小呼吸功策略，再根据所设定的每分钟通气量的目标和最小呼吸功策略，来计算潮气量的 目标和呼吸频率的目标。具体地，由于患者的呼吸功可以由患者的顺应性和潮气量来计算，每分钟通气量可以由患者的潮气量和呼吸频率来计算，因此在最小呼吸功这一条件的约束下，再已知每分钟通气量的目标，因此可以求解得到对应的潮气量和呼吸频率的值，分别作为潮气量的目标和呼吸频率的目标。因此，当患者的通气参数例如每分钟通气量、潮气量和呼吸频率的当前值分别为每分钟通气量的目标、潮气量的目标和呼吸频率的目标，也就说明患者此时是以最小呼吸功的状态进行通气。
这种让患者以最小呼吸功的状态进行通气的模式，本质是一种肺保护性通气，可以让病人在预期的每分钟通气量的情况下，匹配出较优的潮气量和呼吸频率，以最大程度地实时达到或逼近并保持患者处于最小呼吸功的通气治疗目的。
在这种通气的模式下，装置根据设定的每分钟通气量的目标，再实时动态地监测患者的呼吸状态例如动态的顺应性和时间常数，然后实时地计算和匹配出患者所需的潮气量的目标和呼吸频率的目标，进而实时地进行通气控制，从而最大程度地实时达到或逼近并保持患者处于最小呼吸功的通气状态。因此，在这种通气的模式下，用户很关心装置实际控制通气的潮气量、呼吸频率、每分钟通气量，甚至患者动态的顺应性和时间常数，以便可以直观评判患者的呼吸状态和通气状态是否在建议的范围内，评判通气过程中的变化趋势是否符合预期的治疗目的，进行决定是否需要在必要的时候根据患者的呼吸状态和通气状态及时调整策略，例如改变通气控制参数基本切换通气模式等。
因此，一些实施例中，处理器30根据患者的通气参数、通气控制参数的目标和至少一个关联控制参数的目标生成可视化图形并输出，通过所述可视化图形显示患者的通气状态、通气控制参数的目标和至少一个关联控制参数的目标。显示器50则显示处理器30所生成的内容，例如上述的可视化图形等。具体的一些实施例中，可视化图形通过显示通气参数的当前值和变化趋势中的至少一种，来显示患者的通气状态。另外的一些实施例中，处理器30计算通气控制参数和至少一个关联控制参数的建议范围，并通过所述可视化图形来在显示器50中显示。一些实施例中，每个通气参数具有一个对应的可视化图形，因此，可视化图形还具有对应通气参数的参数名称，较优地，还可以具有对应通气参数的单位名称。
可视化图形有多种现实方式，例如环形图、柱状图、以时间为横纵的二维曲线图和高度仪状图等，下面分别举例说明。
请参照图5，一些实施例中，可视化图形包括环形图，环形图包括一段表示数值范围的圆弧和用于表示对应通气参数当前值的第一指示器例如指针等。一些实施例中，第一指示器附近还设有表示对应通气参数当前值的数字。一些实施例中，圆弧还具有表示圆弧对应处数值的数字。一些实施例中，圆弧包括用于表示对应通气参数建议范围的安全段，其中所述安全段以不同于该圆弧其他段的方式显示，例如安全段和其他段为不同颜色。一些实施例中，圆弧上还设有用于表示对应通气参数目标的第二指示器，较优地，该第二指示器附近还设有表示该对应通气参数的目标的数字。一些实施例中，表示对应通气参数当前值的数字，其附近还设有用于表示对应通气参数变化趋势的第三指示器；或者，环形图附近还设有用于表示对应通气参数变化趋势的二维坐标曲线图或数字表格。在图5的例子中，半圆形的弧形段即为环形图，MV表示每分钟通气量，即环形图所对应的通气参数的名称，MV附近的L/min表示单位，在半圆形的弧形段上的数值6.0和9.0表示弧形段上对应处的所表示的MV的值，图中被线填充的一段圆弧即为安全段，弧形段还设有第二指示器即图中的黑色填充刻度，其表示每分钟通气量的目标，其附件还设有表示该每分钟通气量的目标大小的数值即图中的8.6。7.2表示MV当前的数值，并通过第一指示器即图中的指针指向弧形段上对应处，在图5(a)中，7.2的右边设有向上的箭头，即第三指示器，当箭头朝上时，表示每分钟通气量的变化趋势为变大，反之，则表示每分钟通气量的变化趋势为变小；在图5(b)中，则是在环形图下方显示每分钟通气量变化趋势的二维坐标曲线图来供用户查看；在图5(c)中，则是在环形图下方显示每分钟通气量变化趋势的数字表格来供用户查看。图6为将每分钟通气量、潮气量和呼吸频率的环形图同时显示的例子，其中TV指潮气量，f指呼吸频率。
请参照图7，一些实施例中，可视化图形包括柱状图，柱状图包括一段表示数值范围的柱状段和用于表示对应通气参数当前值的第四指示器，一些实施例中，第四指示器附近还设有表示对应通气参数当前值的数字，一些实施例中，柱状段还具有表示柱状段对应处数值的数字。一些实施例中，柱状段包括用于对应通气参数建议范围的安全段，其中 所述安全段以不同于该柱状段其他段的方式显示，例如安全段和其他段为不同颜色。一些实施例中，柱状段上还设有用于表示对应通气参数的目标的第五指示器，较优地，该第五指示器附近还设有表示该对应通气参数目标的数字。一些实施例中，表示对应通气参数当前值的数字，其附近还设有用于表示对应通气参数变化趋势的第六指示器；或者，柱状图附近还设有用于表示对应通气参数变化趋势的二维坐标曲线图或数字表格。在图7的例子中，MV表示每分钟通气量，即柱状图所对应的通气参数的名称，MV附近的L/min表示单位。竖直的柱状段左边的6.0、8.6和9.0分别表示其对应处的数值，图中被线填充的一段柱状段即为安全段，在柱状段上还设有第五指示器，即图中的黑色填充刻度，其表示每分钟通气量的目标，其附件还设有表示该每分钟通气量的目标大小的数值即图中的8.6。7.2表示MV当前的数值，并通过第四指示器即图中的被黑色填充的三角头，其指向柱状段上对应处。在图6(a)中，7.2的右边设有向上的箭头，即第三指示器，当箭头朝上时，表示每分钟通气量的变化趋势为变大，反之，则表示每分钟通气量的变化趋势为变小；在图6(b)中，则是在柱状图右边显示每分钟通气量变化趋势的二维坐标曲线图来供用户查看；在图6(c)中，则是在柱状图右边显示每分钟通气量变化趋势的数字表格来供用户查看。图8为将每分钟通气量、潮气量和呼吸频率的柱状图同时显示的例子，其中TV指潮气量，f指呼吸频率。一些实施例中，不同通气参数对应的柱状图呈旋转对称分布或呈并排分布。图8为各通气参数对应的柱状图并排分布的例子。图9为各通气参数对应的柱状图旋转对称分布的例子。另外一些实施例中，将不同通气参数在同一时刻在对应柱状图上的数值进行连线形成线段，不同时刻的线段以不同的方式显示，例如以第一颜色显示当前时刻的线段，以第二颜色和其亮度显示之前时刻的线段，比如以蓝色显示当前时刻的线段，以灰色显示之前时刻的线段，其中灰色的亮度越深，表示越靠近当前时刻。图10是一个例子，图中各柱状图上的柱状段上被刻上线的地方即为第四指示器，再将每分钟通气量、潮气量和呼吸频率同一时刻在对应柱状图上的数值进行连线形成线段，图中最密的虚线段表示当前时刻的线段，第二密的虚线段表示前一分钟的线段，第三密的虚线段表示再前一分钟的线段。
请参照图11，一些实施例中，可视化图形包括二维曲线图，二维曲 线图的横坐标为时间，纵坐标为对应通气参数；所述二维曲线图具有由对应通气参数在不同时刻的当前值所生成的第一曲线。这就意味着，每个通气参数都对应着一个二维曲线图。一些实施例中了，二维曲线图还具有由对应通气参数在不同时刻的通气参数的目标所生成的第二曲线。一些实施例中，第二曲线以不同于第一曲线的方式显示，例如第一曲线的颜色为黑色，第二曲线的颜色为灰色。图11为一个例子，MV指每分钟通气量，图中第一曲线为实线段，第二曲线为虚线段。图12为为将每分钟通气量、潮气量和呼吸频率的柱状图同时显示的例子，其中TV指潮气量，f指呼吸频率。一些实施例中，当处理器30判断患者达到最小呼吸功状态，处理器30还在所述二维曲线图上生成表示患者达到最小呼吸功状态的区域，显示器50则对应进行显示，例如在所述二维曲线图上显示表示患者达到最小呼吸功状态的区域。例如图13中被点状虚线的矩形所围成的区域，即表示患者达到最小呼吸功状态的区域。一些实施例中，处理器30还还计算并控制显示器50显示预设时间段内患者达到最小呼吸功状态的时间占比，例如图13中右边的柱状段，其中30％表示从开始时刻到当前时刻，者达到最小呼吸功状态的时间占比。
请参照图14，一些实施例中，可视化图形包括高度仪状图，所述高度仪状图包括一段垂直具有刻度的线段，和圆形；所述圆形包括表示对应通气参数当前值的第七指示器，该第七指示器为圆形内的水平的弦，该弦对应着所述线段的刻度表示对应通气参数的当前值；一些实施例中，圆形还包括表示对应通气参数建议范围的建议区域，所述建议区域以不同于该圆形其他区域的方式显示，例如建议区域被灰色填充，其他区域为白色；一些实施例中，圆形上还设有用于表示对应通气参数的目标的第八指示器，该第八指示器为该圆形的水平的直径，该圆形的高度设置，使得其水平的直径对应着所述线段的刻度值为对应通气参数的目标。一些实施例中，所述高度仪状图附近还设有用于表示对应通气参数变化趋势的二维坐标曲线图或数字表格。图14为一个例子，圆中两个虚线的弦中间的范围即为建议区域。
以上就是医疗设备的一些说明。
本申请一些实施例中，还公开一种医疗通气设备的通气信息显示方法，医疗通气设备为患者提供呼吸支持，医疗通气设备可以为本文所公开的呼吸机或麻醉机等。
请参照图15，一些实施例中，通气信息显示方法包括以下步骤：
步骤1000：获取与所述医疗通气设备连接的患者的至少一种呼吸参数。呼吸参数可以通过上文所公开的传感器10来获取，例如包括患者在通气过程中的气体流速，再例如包括在通气过程中患者的压力，所述压力反映通气过程中作用于患者呼吸系统不同位点的压力——例如气道压、胸腔内压、隆突压、肺内压、食道压和胃内压中的一种或多种，更进一步的说明可以参照上文的描述，在此不再赘述。
步骤1010：获取通气控制参数的目标。
一些实施例中，步骤1010可以是响应于接收到的通气控制参数目标命令，确定所述通气控制参数的目标。一些实施例中，步骤1010可以是根据呼吸参数或患者信息中的一个或多个，确定所述通气控制参数的目标。患者信息可以是患者的性别、年龄和过往病史等。
步骤1020：获取通气治疗策略。
一些实施例中，步骤1020可以是响应于接收到的获取通气治疗策略命令，确定所述通气治疗策略。一些实施例中，步骤1020可以是根据呼吸参数或患者信息中的一个或多个，确定通气治疗策略。一些实施例中，通气治疗策略包括最小呼吸功策略。
可以看到，可以根据呼吸参数或患者信息中的一个或多个来自动设置通气控制参数的目标和获取通气治疗策略，也可以根据用户输入来设置通气控制参数的目标和获取通气治疗策略。因此，一些实施例中，可以显示患者的呼吸状态，来使得用户可以根据所显示的患者呼吸状态，来下达通气控制参数目标命令或通气治疗策略命令等。具体地，一些实施例中，还具有一步骤：根据呼吸参数生成并显示患者的呼吸状态。一些实施例中，还具有一步骤：当根据呼吸参数判断患者的呼吸状态发生变化，则进行提示。进一步地，医生可以根据提示信息重新制定新的通气控制参数的目标\或通气治疗策略，或者，医疗通气设备可以在呼吸参数发生变化时，根据提示信息自动触发通气控制参数的目标和\或通气治疗策略的改变。本文中呼吸状态是根据呼吸参数所生成，如上所述，呼吸参数可以是患者在通气过程中的气体流速和在通气过程中患者的压力等，根据这两者，可以计算患者的顺应性和时间常数等，作为患者的呼吸状态。这里的顺应性可以是指患者的总顺应性，包括静态的总顺应性和/或动态的总顺应性，这里的顺应性也可是指患者的肺顺应性等，包括 静态的肺顺应性和/或动态的肺顺应性。一些实施例中，计算患者的动态的总顺应性和时间常数，作为患者的呼吸状态来显示。患者的呼吸状态发生变化，则可以是指其呼吸状态由一个状态变化到另一个状态，例如以患者的顺应性为例，其顺应性改变，可以是指顺应性一个范围中的值变到另一个范围的值。
步骤1030：根据所述通气控制参数的目标和通气治疗策略计算至少一个关联控制参数的目标。一些实施例中，步骤1030还计算通气控制参数和至少一个关联控制参数的建议范围.
步骤1040：根据所获取的呼吸参数得到表征患者通气状态的通气参数。一些实施例中，通气参数包括通气控制参数或关联控制参数中一者或多者。具体地，通气控制参数可以包括每分钟通气量；关联控制参数可以包括潮气量和/或呼吸频率。
步骤1050：根据所述患者的通气参数、通气控制参数的目标和至少一个关联控制参数的目标生成可视化图形并输出，通过所述可视化图形显示患者的通气状态、通气控制参数的目标和至少一个关联控制参数的目标。具体的一些实施例中，可视化图形通过显示通气参数的当前值和变化趋势中的至少一种，来显示患者的通气状态。另外的一些实施例中，通过所述可视化图形来显示通气控制参数和至少一个关联控制参数的建议范围。一些实施例中，每个通气参数具有一个对应的可视化图形，因此，可视化图形还具有对应通气参数的参数名称，较优地，还可以具有对应通气参数的单位名称。可视化图形有多种现实方式，例如环形图、柱状图、以时间为横纵的二维曲线图和高度仪状图等，在上文中已有充分的描述，在此不再赘述。
本文参照了各种示范实施例进行说明。然而，本领域的技术人员将认识到，在不脱离本文范围的情况下，可以对示范性实施例做出改变和修正。例如，各种操作步骤以及用于执行操作步骤的组件，可以根据特定的应用或考虑与系统的操作相关联的任何数量的成本函数以不同的方式实现(例如一个或多个步骤可以被删除、修改或结合到其他步骤中)。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。另外，如本领域技术人员所理解的，本文的原理可以反映在计算机可读存储介质上的计算机程序产品中，该可读存储介质预装有计算机可读程序代码。任何有形的、非暂时性的计算机可读存储介 质皆可被使用，包括磁存储设备(硬盘、软盘等)、光学存储设备(CD至ROM、DVD、Blu Ray盘等)、闪存和/或诸如此类。这些计算机程序指令可被加载到通用计算机、专用计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上以形成机器，使得这些在计算机上或其他可编程数据处理装置上执行的指令可以生成实现指定的功能的装置。这些计算机程序指令也可以存储在计算机可读存储器中，该计算机可读存储器可以指示计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定的方式运行，这样存储在计算机可读存储器中的指令就可以形成一件制造品，包括实现指定功能的实现装置。计算机程序指令也可以加载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生一个计算机实现的进程，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令可以提供用于实现指定功能的步骤。
虽然在各种实施例中已经示出了本文的原理，但是许多特别适用于特定环境和操作要求的结构、布置、比例、元件、材料和部件的修改可以在不脱离本披露的原则和范围内使用。以上修改和其他改变或修正将被包含在本文的范围之内。
前述具体说明已参照各种实施例进行了描述。然而，本领域技术人员将认识到，可以在不脱离本披露的范围的情况下进行各种修正和改变。因此，对于本披露的考虑将是说明性的而非限制性的意义上的，并且所有这些修改都将被包含在其范围内。同样，有关于各种实施例的优点、其他优点和问题的解决方案已如上所述。然而，益处、优点、问题的解决方案以及任何能产生这些的要素，或使其变得更明确的解决方案都不应被解释为关键的、必需的或必要的。本文中所用的术语“包括”和其任何其他变体，皆属于非排他性包含，这样包括要素列表的过程、方法、文章或设备不仅包括这些要素，还包括未明确列出的或不属于该过程、方法、系统、文章或设备的其他要素。此外，本文中所使用的术语“耦合”和其任何其他变体都是指物理连接、电连接、磁连接、光连接、通信连接、功能连接和/或任何其他连接。
具有本领域技术的人将认识到，在不脱离本发明的基本原理的情况下，可以对上述实施例的细节进行许多改变。因此，本发明的范围应仅由权利要求确定。

Claims (37)

  1. 一种医疗通气设备的通气信息显示方法，所述医疗通气设备为患者提供呼吸支持，其特征在于，包括：
    获取与所述医疗通气设备连接的患者的至少一种呼吸参数；
    获取通气控制参数的目标；
    获取通气治疗策略；
    根据所述通气控制参数的目标和通气治疗策略计算至少一个关联控制参数的目标；
    根据所获取的呼吸参数得到表征患者通气状态的通气参数；
    根据所述患者的通气参数、通气控制参数的目标和至少一个关联控制参数的目标生成可视化图形并输出，通过所述可视化图形显示患者的通气状态、通气控制参数的目标和至少一个关联控制参数的目标。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的通气信息显示方法，其特征在于，所述获取通气控制参数的目标，包括：
    响应于接收到的通气控制参数目标命令，确定所述通气控制参数的目标；或者，
    根据所述呼吸参数或患者信息中的一个或多个，确定所述通气控制参数的目标。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的通气信息显示方法，其特征在于，所述获取通气治疗策略，包括：
    响应于接收到的获取通气治疗策略命令，确定所述通气治疗策略；或者，
    根据所述呼吸参数或患者信息中的一个或多个，确定所述通气治疗策略。
  4. 如权利要求2或3所述的通气信息显示方法，其特征在于，还包括：根据所述呼吸参数生成并显示患者的呼吸状态。
  5. 如权利要求2或3所述的通气信息显示方法，其特征在于，还包括：当根据所述呼吸参数判断患者的呼吸状态发生变化，则进行提示。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的通气信息显示方法，其特征在于，还包括：计算通气控制参数和至少一个关联控制参数的建议范围，并通过所述可视化图形显示。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的通气信息显示方法，其特征在于，所述可视化图形通过显示通气参数的当前值和变化趋势中的至少一种，来显示患者的通气状态。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的通气信息显示方法，其特征在于，所述可视化图形还具有通气参数的参数名称。
  9. 如权利要求1、6、7或8所述的通气信息显示方法，其特征在于，所述通气参数包括通气控制参数或关联控制参数中一者或多者。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的通气信息显示方法，其特征在于，所述通气控制参数包括每分钟通气量；所述关联控制参数包括潮气量和/或呼吸频率。
  11. 如权利要求9所述的通气信息显示方法，其特征在于，所述可视化图形包括环形图，所述环形图包括一段表示数值范围的圆弧和用于表示对应通气参数当前值的第一指示器。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的通气信息显示方法，其特征在于，所述圆弧还具有表示圆弧对应处数值的数字。
  13. 如权利要求11所述的通气信息显示方法，其特征在于，所述圆弧包括用于表示对应通气参数建议范围的安全段，其中所述安全段以不同于该圆弧其他段的方式显示。
  14. 如权利要求11所述的通气信息显示方法，其特征在于，所述圆弧上还设有用于表示对应通气参数目标的第二指示器，任选地，该第二指示器附近还设有表示该对应通气参数的目标的数字。
  15. 如权利要求11所述的通气信息显示方法，其特征在于，所述第一指示器附近还设有表示对应通气参数当前值的数字。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的通气信息显示方法，其特征在于：
    所述表示对应通气参数当前值的数字，其附近还设有用于表示对应通气参数变化趋势的第三指示器；或者，
    所述环形图附近还设有用于表示对应通气参数变化趋势的二维坐标曲线图或数字表格。
  17. 如权利要求9所述的通气信息显示方法，其特征在于，所述可视化图形包括柱状图，所述柱状图包括一段表示数值范围的柱状段和用于表示对应通气参数当前值的第四指示器。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的通气信息显示方法，其特征在于，所述 柱状段还具有表示柱状段对应处数值的数字。
  19. 如权利要求17所述的通气信息显示方法，其特征在于，所述柱状段包括用于对应通气参数建议范围的安全段，其中所述安全段以不同于该柱状段其他段的方式显示。
  20. 如权利要求17所述的通气信息显示方法，其特征在于，所述柱状段上还设有用于表示对应通气参数的目标的第五指示器，任选地，该第五指示器附近还设有表示该对应通气参数目标的数字。
  21. 如权利要求17所述的通气信息显示方法，其特征在于，所述第四指示器附近还设有表示对应通气参数当前值的数字。
  22. 如权利要求21所述的通气信息显示方法，其特征在于：
    所述表示对应通气参数当前值的数字，其附近还设有用于表示对应通气参数变化趋势的第六指示器；或者，
    所述柱状图附近还设有用于表示对应通气参数变化趋势的二维坐标曲线图或数字表格。
  23. 如权利要求17所述的通气信息显示方法，其特征在于，当所述通气参数为多个时，不同通气参数对应的柱状图呈旋转对称分布或呈并排分布。
  24. 如权利要求23所述的通气信息显示方法，其特征于，将不同通气参数在同一时刻在对应柱状图上的数值进行连线形成线段，不同时刻的线段以不同的方式显示。
  25. 如权利要求24所述的通气信息显示方法，其特征于，所述不同时刻的线段以不同的方式显示，包括：以第一颜色显示当前时刻的线段，以第二颜色和其亮度显示之前时刻的线段。
  26. 如权利要求9所述的通气信息显示方法，其特征在于，所述可视化图形包括二维曲线图，所述二维曲线图的横坐标为时间，纵坐标为对应通气参数；所述二维曲线图具有由对应通气参数在不同时刻的当前值所生成的第一曲线。
  27. 如权利要求26所述的通气信息显示方法，其特征在于，所述二维曲线图还具有由对应通气参数在不同时刻的通气参数的目标所生成的第二曲线。
  28. 如权利要求27所述的通气信息显示方法，其特征在于，第二曲线以不同于第一曲线的方式显示。
  29. 如权利要求26所述的通气信息显示方法，其特征在于，所述通气治疗策略包括最小呼吸功策略；
    当判断患者达到最小呼吸功状态，还在所述二维曲线图上生成表示患者达到最小呼吸功状态的区域。
  30. 如权利要求1或25所述的通气信息显示方法，其特征在于，还计算并显示预设时间段内患者达到最小呼吸功状态的时间占比。
  31. 如权利要求7所述的通气信息显示方法，其特征在于，所述可视化图形包括高度仪状图，所述高度仪状图包括一段垂直具有刻度的线段，和圆形；所述圆形包括表示对应通气参数当前值的第七指示器，该第七指示器为圆形内的水平的弦，该弦对应着所述线段的刻度表示对应通气参数的当前值。
  32. 如权利要求31所述的通气信息显示方法，其特征在于，所述圆形还包括表示对应通气参数建议范围的建议区域，所述建议区域以不同于该圆形其他区域的方式显示。
  33. 如权利要求31所述的通气信息显示方法，其特征在于，所述圆形上还设有用于表示对应通气参数的目标的第八指示器，该第八指示器为该圆形的水平的直径，该圆形的高度设置，使得其水平的直径对应着所述线段的刻度值为对应通气参数的目标。
  34. 如权利要求31至33中任一项所述的通气信息显示方法，其特征在于，所述高度仪状图附近还设有用于表示对应通气参数变化趋势的二维坐标曲线图或数字表格。
  35. 一种通气信息显示装置，其特征在于，包括：
    显示器；
    一个或多个传感器，用于采集患者的至少一种呼吸参数；
    处理器，用于执行以实现如权利要求1至34中任一项所述的方法。
  36. 一种包括如权利要求35所述的通气信息显示装置的医疗设备。
  37. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，包括程序，所述程序能够被处理器执行以实现如权利要求1至34中任一项所述的方法。
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