WO2021115137A1 - Lng air conditioning refrigeration system - Google Patents

Lng air conditioning refrigeration system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021115137A1
WO2021115137A1 PCT/CN2020/132218 CN2020132218W WO2021115137A1 WO 2021115137 A1 WO2021115137 A1 WO 2021115137A1 CN 2020132218 W CN2020132218 W CN 2020132218W WO 2021115137 A1 WO2021115137 A1 WO 2021115137A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
cold storage
pipeline
lng
valve
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/132218
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
蒋春辉
蒋宁婧
Original Assignee
蒋春辉
蒋宁婧
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 蒋春辉, 蒋宁婧 filed Critical 蒋春辉
Priority to KR1020227012620A priority Critical patent/KR102612611B1/en
Publication of WO2021115137A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021115137A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3202—Cooling devices using evaporation, i.e. not including a compressor, e.g. involving fuel or water evaporation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F17C9/04—Recovery of thermal energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of LNG air-conditioning and refrigeration, in particular to an LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system.
  • LNG as a clean energy source
  • LNG As a fuel, LNG is safe, efficient, clean and pollution-free, which not only promotes the transformation of my country's energy structure, but also effectively reduces environmental pollution caused by combustion exhaust emissions.
  • LNG will release a large amount of cold energy during the vaporization process before combustion, and usually this part of the cold energy will be directly discharged into the atmosphere, resulting in a waste of cold energy.
  • Traditional air-conditioning and refrigeration systems generally use compressors as the core equipment of the refrigeration system, but the compressors require a certain economic cost and make noise during operation.
  • Some LNG-based air conditioning and refrigeration systems have also been proposed in the prior art. These refrigeration systems generally adopt a dual-medium heat exchange scheme in which the refrigerant and LNG are directly exchanged. Due to the excessive exchange between LNG and refrigerant The thermal temperature difference causes the refrigeration system to be prone to freezing of the refrigerant and poor heat exchange, which cannot guarantee the safe and stable operation of the refrigeration system.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in order to solve the problems of freezing of the carrier refrigerant and poor heat exchange in the LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system in the prior art, the present invention provides an LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system to solve the above-mentioned problems.
  • an LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system including an LNG storage tank, a three-medium high-temperature difference heat exchanger, an air-conditioning refrigeration unit and a control unit;
  • the LNG storage tank is used to store LNG
  • the three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger includes a shell, an upper heat exchanger and a lower heat exchanger.
  • the shell is provided with a cavity, and the cavity is provided with a gas-liquid conversion characteristic cold storage agent, the cold storage agent.
  • the upper heat exchanger is in communication with the LNG storage tank, and the upper heat exchanger is located in the cavity and is fully connected to the gas-phase cold storage agent. Contact; the lower heat exchanger is located in the cavity and is in full contact with the liquid phase cold storage agent;
  • the air-conditioning refrigeration unit includes a fan-coil heat exchange unit and a circulating pump, the fan-coil heat exchange unit includes a fan and a coil heat exchanger; the inlet end of the coil heat exchanger is exchanged with the bottom through a pipe The outlet end of the heat exchanger is in communication, the outlet end of the coil heat exchanger is in communication with the inlet end of the circulating pump, the outlet end of the circulating pump is connected to the inlet end of the lower heat exchanger, and the lower heat exchanger
  • the loop formed by the heat exchanger, the coil heat exchanger and the circulating pump has a refrigerant carrier;
  • the fan is located on one side of the coil heat exchanger, the other side of the coil heat exchanger is provided with an air outlet, and the blowing direction of the fan faces the coil heat exchanger; the control unit Control connection with the circulating pump and fan.
  • the power unit is a thermal energy application equipment fueled by natural gas
  • the power unit is connected to the LNG storage tank through a main medium pipeline, and the main medium pipeline is close to the LNG storage tank.
  • One end of the tank is provided with a first manual shut-off valve;
  • the inlet end of the upper heat exchanger is communicated with the main medium pipeline through the cold storage pipeline inlet pipe, and the connection between the cold storage pipeline inlet pipe and the main medium pipeline is located at the first manual stop valve and the power unit In between, a second manual shut-off valve is provided on the inlet pipe of the cold storage pipeline;
  • the outlet end of the upper heat exchanger is in communication with the main medium pipeline through the outlet pipe of the cold storage pipeline, and the connection between the outlet pipe of the cold storage pipeline and the main medium pipeline is located between the inlet pipe of the cold storage pipeline and the main medium. Between the connection of the pipeline and the connection of the main medium pipeline and the power unit.
  • the three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger is provided with a first temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a liquid level sensor and a safety valve, and the first temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature of the liquid phase cold storage agent.
  • the pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure of the gas-phase refrigerant
  • the liquid level sensor is used to measure the liquid level of the liquid-phase refrigerant
  • the safety valve is used to automatically take off when the pressure of the gas-phase refrigerant exceeds the standard.
  • a second temperature sensor is arranged at the inlet end of the coil heat exchanger, a third temperature sensor is arranged at the outlet end of the coil heat exchanger, and a fourth temperature sensor is arranged near the air outlet;
  • the control unit communicates with the first temperature sensor, the pressure sensor, the liquid level sensor, the second temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor, and the fourth temperature sensor.
  • a first electromagnetic regulating valve is provided on the inlet pipe of the cold storage pipeline, and the first electromagnetic regulating valve is located between the second manual stop valve and the inlet end of the upper heat exchanger;
  • a second electromagnetic regulating valve is provided on the main medium pipeline, and the second electromagnetic regulating valve is located at the junction of the outlet pipe of the cold storage pipeline and the main medium pipeline and the inlet pipe of the cold storage pipeline and the main medium pipeline Between the connections;
  • the control unit is in control connection with the first solenoid regulating valve and the second solenoid regulating valve;
  • the pipeline connected to the inlet end of the circulating pump is provided with a third manual shut-off valve, and the pipeline connected to the outlet end of the circulating pump is provided with a fourth manual shut-off valve.
  • it further includes a refrigerant buffer tank, which is located between the third manual shut-off valve and the outlet end of the coil heat exchanger.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optimal embodiment of an LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a process in which LNG of an LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system of the present invention enters a power unit.
  • Fig. 3 is a cold storage process of an LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a refrigeration process of an LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides an LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system, including a three-medium two-stage heat exchange system, an LNG pipeline system, an air-conditioning refrigeration unit, a monitoring system, an LNG storage tank 101, a power unit 105, and a control unit 501 .
  • the LNG pipeline system includes a main medium pipeline 103, a cold storage pipeline inlet pipe 401, and a cold storage pipeline outlet pipe 405.
  • the main medium pipeline 103 is used to connect the LNG storage tank 101 and the power unit 105.
  • One end of the main medium pipeline 103 is connected to the LNG storage tank 101, and the other end is connected to the power unit 105.
  • the main medium pipeline 103 is close to the LNG storage tank 101.
  • a first manual shut-off valve 102 is provided at one end.
  • the LNG storage tank 101 is a container for storing LNG
  • the power unit 105 is a thermal energy application device using natural gas as fuel.
  • the LNG can enter the power unit 105 from the main medium pipeline 103 only after the first manual shut-off valve 102 is opened.
  • the first manual shut-off valve 102 When the LNG enters the power unit 105, as shown in FIG. 2, the first manual shut-off valve 102 is first opened, and the LNG flows out of the LNG storage tank 101 into the main medium pipeline 103, and then enters the power unit 105 for combustion to perform work.
  • the operator When the LNG storage tank 101 needs to be replaced or repaired, the operator must first close the first manual shut-off valve 102, and then perform the replacement and repair operations on the LNG storage tank 101.
  • the three-medium two-stage heat exchange system includes a three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger 201 and a cold storage agent.
  • the three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger 201 includes a shell 204, an upper heat exchanger 404, and a lower heat exchanger 302.
  • the upper heat exchanger 404 is connected in parallel to the main medium pipeline 103 through the cold storage pipeline inlet pipe 401 and the cold storage pipeline outlet pipe 405.
  • the inlet end of the upper heat exchanger 404 communicates with the main medium pipeline 103 through the cold storage pipeline inlet pipe 401, and the outlet end of the upper heat exchanger 404 communicates with the main medium pipeline 103 through the cold storage pipeline outlet pipe 405.
  • the junction between the cold storage pipeline inlet pipe 401 and the main medium pipeline 103 is located between the first manual shut-off valve 102 and the power unit 105, and the junction between the cold storage pipeline outlet pipe 405 and the main medium pipeline 103 is located at the cold storage pipeline inlet pipe Between the connection point between 401 and the main medium pipeline 103 and the power unit 105.
  • LNG enters the main medium pipeline 103 from the LNG storage tank 101, and enters the upper heat exchanger 404 from the cold storage pipeline inlet pipe 401.
  • a second manual shut-off valve 402 is provided on the inlet pipe 401 of the cold storage pipeline.
  • LNG air conditioning and refrigeration systems generally only work when the weather is hot.
  • the second manual shut-off valve 402 can be manually closed, the LNG stops entering the cold storage pipeline inlet pipe 401, and only enters the power unit 105 through the main medium pipeline 103 for combustion and energy supply.
  • the housing 204 is provided with a cavity, and the cold storage agent is located inside the cavity.
  • the cold storage agent has gas-liquid conversion characteristics, and includes a gas-phase cold storage agent 203 that is in a gaseous state and a liquid-phase cold storage agent 202 that is in a liquid state.
  • the gas-phase cold storage agent 203 and the liquid-phase cold storage agent 202 are two existing forms of the cold storage agent, and their freezing temperature is lower than the temperature of the LNG in the LNG storage tank 101, that is, under any circumstances will not freeze due to the absorption of the LNG cold energy; It has a higher liquefaction temperature and a lower liquefaction pressure, that is, when it is kept in a liquid state at a high temperature (such as 50°C), the pressure in the cavity is not too high (such as 1MPa); it has a higher temperature in both gaseous and liquid state. Thermal conductivity, and has a large latent heat of vaporization. In the cavity, the gas-phase cold storage agent 203 is located above the liquid-phase cold storage agent 202.
  • the upper heat exchanger 404 and the lower heat exchanger 302 are both located in the cavity inside the shell 204, and the upper heat exchanger 404 is located above the lower heat exchanger 302.
  • the upper heat exchanger 404 is in full contact with the gas-phase cold storage agent 203, and LNG is present in the upper heat exchanger 404.
  • the lower heat exchanger 302 is in full contact with the liquid-phase cold storage agent 202, and there is a refrigerant 317 in the lower heat exchanger 302.
  • the temperature of the gas-phase refrigerant 203 is higher than the temperature of the liquid-phase refrigerant 202.
  • the gas-phase refrigerant 203 can be liquefied into the liquid-phase refrigerant 202 by absorbing the cold energy of LNG, and the liquid-phase refrigerant 202 can absorb heat by The way is vaporized into the gas-phase cold storage agent 203.
  • the LNG-based refrigeration systems used in the prior art adopt a two-medium single-stage heat exchange scheme in which LNG and refrigerant 317 directly exchange heat. Since the temperature of LNG is relatively low (for example, -150°C, or even lower), the heat exchange temperature difference between LNG and refrigerant 317 is large (100 ⁇ 120°C), the heat exchange between the two will inevitably cause the factor of refrigerant 317. Condensation occurs when the temperature is too low, causing the pipe of the heat exchanger to be blocked.
  • the gas-phase cold storage agent 203 absorbs the LNG cold capacity and is continuously liquefied, and the pressure in the chamber gradually decreases.
  • the pressure is lower than the evaporation pressure of the liquid phase cold storage agent 202 ,
  • the liquid-phase cold storage agent 202 evaporates faster, so reciprocating, indirect transfer and storage of cold energy are realized.
  • the control system 501 adjusts the first electromagnetic regulating valve 403 on the cold storage pipeline inlet pipe 401, The flow rate of LNG entering the upper heat exchanger 404 is controlled to realize the control of the cold input of the three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger 201.
  • the low LNG flow control accuracy and the first electromagnetic regulating valve 403 closed after the upper heat exchanger 404 and cold storage pipeline outlet are effectively avoided
  • the temperature of the liquid phase cold storage agent 202 is too low due to the continuous cooling of the LNG retained in the tube 405, thereby eliminating the freezing problem of the refrigerant 317, and overcoming the high temperature difference heat exchange barrier that cannot be broken through the dual-medium heat exchange between the LNG and the refrigerant 317 .
  • the air conditioning and refrigeration unit includes a refrigerant pipeline 307, a circulating pump 309, a fan coil heat exchange unit 304, and a refrigerant buffer tank 306.
  • the refrigerant pipeline 307, the circulating pump 309, the lower heat exchanger 302, the fan coil heat exchange unit 304, and the refrigerant buffer tank 306 are communicated with each other through pipelines, and the refrigerant 317 is provided in the pipeline of the air conditioning refrigeration unit.
  • the fan-coil heat exchange unit 304 includes a fan 314, a coil heat exchanger 315, and heat exchange fins 306.
  • the inlet end of the coil heat exchanger 315 is communicated with the outlet end of the lower heat exchanger 302 through the coil inlet pipe 303, and the outlet end of the coil heat exchanger 315 is connected to the inlet of the refrigerant buffer tank 306 through the coil outlet pipe 305
  • the outlet end of the refrigerant buffer tank 306 communicates with the inlet end of the circulation pump 309 through the refrigerant pipeline 307, and the outlet end of the circulation pump 309 communicates with the inlet end of the lower heat exchanger 302 through the pipeline.
  • the fan 314 is arranged on one side of the coil heat exchanger 315, and the other side of the coil heat exchanger 315 is provided with an air outlet, and the blowing direction of the fan 314 faces the coil heat exchanger 315.
  • the refrigerant carrier buffer tank 306 is used to temporarily store the refrigerant carrier 317 in the air-conditioning refrigeration unit, to compensate for the volume fluctuation of the refrigerant carrier 317 due to its own temperature change, and to ensure the stable operation of the air-conditioning refrigeration unit.
  • the control unit 501 controls to turn on the fan 314 and the circulating pump 309.
  • the refrigerant 317 circulates in the air conditioning refrigeration unit under the action of the circulating pump 309, and the refrigerant 317 absorbs the liquid phase in the lower heat exchanger 302.
  • the cooling capacity of the cold storage agent 202 and the temperature of the refrigerant 317 decrease, and then flow into the coil heat exchanger 315.
  • the fan 314 forces the air in the cooling space 301 to flow through the coil heat exchanger 315 and the heat exchange fins 316 for exchange. As it heats, the air absorbs the cooling capacity of the refrigerant 317 and lowers the temperature, and blows it out from the air outlet to lower the temperature of the cooling space 301.
  • the control unit 501 is in control connection with the fan 314 and the circulating pump 309, and can control the opening, closing and speed adjustment of the fan 314 and the circulating pump 309.
  • the circulating pump 309 is a frequency conversion circulating pump 309
  • the fan 314 is a frequency conversion fan.
  • the coil heat exchanger 315 adopts a finned tube heat exchanger, and the coil heat exchanger 315 is provided with heat exchange fins 316.
  • the LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system uses the three-medium high-temperature difference heat exchanger 201 to recover the cold energy of LNG as the cold source of the air-conditioning refrigeration system, eliminating the high power consumption component-the compressor, which is necessary for the conventional vapor compression refrigeration cycle.
  • the three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger 201 does not consume any electric energy and does not require maintenance, and has a high economic effect and environmental protection effect compared with a traditional refrigeration system.
  • the monitoring system includes a first temperature sensor 206, a pressure sensor 205, a liquid level sensor 208, a second temperature sensor 312, a third temperature sensor 311, a fourth temperature sensor 313, a first solenoid regulating valve 403, a second solenoid regulating valve 104, Fan 314 and circulating pump 309.
  • the control unit 501 is a device with data receiving and processing capabilities.
  • the control unit 501 interacts with the first temperature sensor 206, the pressure sensor 205, the liquid level sensor 208, the safety valve 207, the second temperature sensor 312, the third temperature sensor 311, and the fourth temperature sensor.
  • the temperature sensor 313 is communicatively connected, and the control unit 501 is controlly connected to the first solenoid regulating valve 403 and the second solenoid regulating valve 104.
  • the monitoring system includes a temperature control system, a pressure system, a safety system and a liquid level system.
  • the temperature control system includes a first temperature sensor 206, a second temperature sensor 312, a third temperature sensor 311, a fourth temperature sensor 313, a first electromagnetic regulating valve 403, a fan 314, and a circulating pump 309.
  • the first temperature sensor 206 is located on the three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger 201, and the first temperature sensor 206 is used to measure the temperature of the liquid phase cold storage agent 202.
  • the second temperature sensor 312 and the third temperature sensor 311 are both located in the air conditioning refrigeration unit, the second temperature sensor 312 is located between the outlet end of the lower heat exchanger 302 and the inlet end of the coil heat exchanger 315, and the third temperature sensor 311 Located between the outlet end of the coil heat exchanger 315 and the refrigerant buffer tank 306, the second temperature sensor 312 is used to measure the temperature of the refrigerant 317 entering the coil heat exchanger 315, and the third temperature sensor 311 is used The temperature of the refrigerant 317 flowing out of the coil heat exchanger 315 is measured.
  • the fourth temperature sensor 313 is located in the cooling space 301 and is used to measure the temperature of the cooling space 301.
  • the first solenoid regulating valve 403 is arranged on the inlet pipe 401 of the cold storage pipeline, the first solenoid regulating valve 403 is located between the second manual shut-off valve 402 and the inlet end of the upper heat exchanger 404, and the control unit 501 is regulated by the first solenoid
  • the valve 403 controls the flow of LNG into the inlet pipe 401 of the cold storage pipeline.
  • the pressure system includes a pressure sensor 205, which is located on the three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger 201, and is mainly used to monitor the pressure of the gas phase cold storage agent 203.
  • the liquid level system includes a liquid level sensor 208, which is located on the three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger 201, and is mainly used to detect the liquid level height of the liquid phase cold storage agent 202.
  • the safety system includes a safety valve 207, which is arranged at the upper end of the three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger 201.
  • the safety valve 207 is preset with a take-off threshold. When the pressure of the gas-phase refrigerant 203 exceeds the take-off threshold, the safety valve 207 automatically takes off and releases the pressure to ensure the safe operation of the three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger 201.
  • the liquid phase cold storage agent 202 absorbs the heat of the refrigerant 317 and the temperature rises and is continuously vaporized, while the gas phase cold storage agent 203 absorbs the cold energy of the LNG continuously. It is liquefied into a liquid phase cold storage agent 202.
  • the control unit 501 controls to reduce the first electromagnetic regulation.
  • the opening degree of the valve 403 reduces the flow of LNG entering the upper heat exchanger 404.
  • the control unit 501 controls to increase the opening of the first electromagnetic regulating valve 403 to increase the inlet
  • the LNG flow rate of the upper heat exchanger 404 increases the cold input.
  • the control unit 501 controls the first electromagnetic regulating valve 403 on the cold storage pipeline inlet pipe 401 to open, and another part of the LNG flowing out of the LNG storage tank 101 passes through the cold storage pipeline
  • the inlet pipe 401 flows into the upper heat exchanger 404 and exchanges heat with the gas-phase refrigerant 203 in the upper heat exchanger 404.
  • the gas-phase refrigerant 203 absorbs the cold energy of the LNG in the upper heat exchanger 404 and is liquefied.
  • the gas-phase cold storage agent 203 reflows into the liquid-phase cold storage agent 202 by gravity to achieve cold storage.
  • the control unit 501 closes the first electromagnetic regulating valve 403, stops the supply of LNG, and the cold storage process stops .
  • the LNG absorbs heat in the upper heat exchanger 404 and then vaporizes.
  • the vaporized LNG enters the main medium pipeline 103 again through the cold storage pipeline outlet pipe 405, and then enters the power unit 105 for combustion.
  • the LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system also has a delayed refrigeration function.
  • the control unit 501 closes the first solenoid regulating valve 403 and the second solenoid regulating valve 104, and the LNG stops entering the upper heat exchanger 404. Since the low-temperature liquid phase cold storage agent 202 in the three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger 201 stores a large amount of cold energy, the refrigerant carrier 317 can obtain cold energy from the liquid phase cold storage agent 202 through the lower heat exchanger 302, and the air conditioning refrigeration unit is still It can perform refrigeration operation, realize the effect of delayed refrigeration, and has the function of cold storage air conditioning.
  • the temperature of the liquid phase cold storage agent 202 gradually rises and is continuously vaporized into the gas phase cold storage agent 203.
  • the control unit 501 turns off the circulating pump 309, and the cold storage air conditioner The cooling process is over.
  • the control unit 501 acquires the temperature of the cooling space 301 according to the fourth temperature sensor 313, and acquires the temperature of the refrigerant 317 before and after cooling through the second temperature sensor 312 and the third temperature sensor 311.
  • the control unit 501 detects that the air temperature in the cooling space 301 reaches the set temperature
  • the control unit 501 finely controls the flow of the refrigerant 317 by adjusting the rotation speed of the circulating pump 309, and analyzes the third temperature sensor 311 and the fourth temperature sensor 312
  • the monitored refrigerant 317 flows through the temperature data of the fan coil heat exchange unit 304 before and after cooling, and the temperature in the cooling space 301 is accurately controlled.
  • the user can adjust the rotation speed of the fan 314 through the control unit 501, and adjust the temperature drop rate of the cooling space 301.
  • the present invention further includes a third manual shut-off valve 308, a fourth manual shut-off valve 310, and a refrigerant buffer tank 306.
  • the third manual shut-off valve 308 is arranged on the pipeline communicating with the inlet end of the circulating pump 309
  • the fourth manual shut-off valve 310 is arranged on the pipeline communicating with the outlet end of the circulating pump 309.
  • the operator can first manually close the third manual shut-off valve 308 and the fourth manual shut-off valve 310, and then take out the circulating pump 309 to avoid the leakage of the refrigerant 317 in the air conditioning refrigeration unit ;

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

An LNG air conditioning refrigeration system, comprising an LNG storage tank (101), a three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger (201), an air conditioning refrigeration unit, and a control unit (501). The LNG storage tank (101) is used for storing LNG. The three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger (201) comprises a housing (204), an upper heat exchanger (404), and a lower heat exchanger (302). An accommodating cavity is formed inside the housing (204). Coolants with a gas-liquid conversion characteristics are provided in the accommodating cavity. The coolants comprise a gas-phase coolant (203) in the gaseous state and a liquid-phase coolant (202) in the liquid state. The air conditioning refrigeration unit comprises a fan coil heat exchange unit (304) and a circulating pump (309). The lower heat exchanger (302), a coil heat exchanger (315), and the circulating pump (309) are communicated by means of a pipe. A refrigerating medium (317) is provided in the pipe of the air conditioning refrigeration unit. The fan coil heat exchange unit (304) comprises a fan (314) and the coil heat exchanger (315). The fan (314) is located at one side of the coil heat exchanger (315). The control unit (501) is in control connection to the circulating pump (309) and the fan (314). In the refrigeration system, a three-medium heat exchange scheme is adopted, the problems of refrigerating medium freezing and poor heat exchange during double-medium heat exchange are solved, and the function of cold storage air conditioning is also provided.

Description

一种LNG空调制冷系统An LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及LNG空调制冷领域，具体涉及一种LNG空调制冷系统。The invention relates to the field of LNG air-conditioning and refrigeration, in particular to an LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system.
背景技术Background technique
随着我国能源消费结构的深入转型，LNG作为一种清洁能源，其凭借热值高、价格低廉、燃烧后污染小和环境友好性等优点得到了长足的发展而广泛应用于各个领域。作为燃料，LNG安全、高效、清洁无污染，不仅推动了我国能源结构的转型，同时还有效减少了燃烧废气排放所造成的环境污染。With the in-depth transformation of my country's energy consumption structure, LNG, as a clean energy source, has developed and is widely used in various fields due to its advantages of high calorific value, low price, low pollution after combustion and environmental friendliness. As a fuel, LNG is safe, efficient, clean and pollution-free, which not only promotes the transformation of my country's energy structure, but also effectively reduces environmental pollution caused by combustion exhaust emissions.
LNG在燃烧前的汽化过程中会释放大量冷能，通常这部分冷量会被直接排放至大气环境中，造成了冷量的浪费。传统的空调制冷系统一般采用压缩机作为制冷系统的核心设备，但是压缩机需要一定的经济成本并且工作时发出噪音。现有技术中也出提出了一些基于LNG的空调制冷系统，这些制冷系统一般采用的是载冷剂与LNG直接换热的双介质换热方案，由于LNG和载冷剂之间过大的换热温差导致制冷系统容易出现载冷剂冻结和换热不良的问题，无法保证制冷系统安全平稳的运行。LNG will release a large amount of cold energy during the vaporization process before combustion, and usually this part of the cold energy will be directly discharged into the atmosphere, resulting in a waste of cold energy. Traditional air-conditioning and refrigeration systems generally use compressors as the core equipment of the refrigeration system, but the compressors require a certain economic cost and make noise during operation. Some LNG-based air conditioning and refrigeration systems have also been proposed in the prior art. These refrigeration systems generally adopt a dual-medium heat exchange scheme in which the refrigerant and LNG are directly exchanged. Due to the excessive exchange between LNG and refrigerant The thermal temperature difference causes the refrigeration system to be prone to freezing of the refrigerant and poor heat exchange, which cannot guarantee the safe and stable operation of the refrigeration system.
技术问题technical problem
本发明要解决的技术问题是：为了解决现有技术中LNG空调制冷系统出现的载冷剂冻结和换热不良的问题，本发明提供了一种LNG空调制冷系统来解决上述问题。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in order to solve the problems of freezing of the carrier refrigerant and poor heat exchange in the LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system in the prior art, the present invention provides an LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system to solve the above-mentioned problems.
技术解决方案Technical solutions
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：一种LNG空调制冷系统，包括LNG储罐、三介质高温差换热器、空调制冷单元和控制单元；The technical scheme adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: an LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system, including an LNG storage tank, a three-medium high-temperature difference heat exchanger, an air-conditioning refrigeration unit and a control unit;
所述LNG储罐用于存储LNG；The LNG storage tank is used to store LNG;
所述三介质高温差换热器包括壳体、上换热器和下换热器，所述壳体内设容腔，所述容腔内设有气液转换特性的蓄冷剂，所述蓄冷剂包括呈现气态的气相蓄冷剂和呈现液态的液相蓄冷剂；所述上换热器与所述LNG储罐连通，所述上换热器位于所述容腔内并且与所述气相蓄冷剂充分接触；所述下换热器位于所述容腔内并且与所述液相蓄冷剂充分接触；The three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger includes a shell, an upper heat exchanger and a lower heat exchanger. The shell is provided with a cavity, and the cavity is provided with a gas-liquid conversion characteristic cold storage agent, the cold storage agent The upper heat exchanger is in communication with the LNG storage tank, and the upper heat exchanger is located in the cavity and is fully connected to the gas-phase cold storage agent. Contact; the lower heat exchanger is located in the cavity and is in full contact with the liquid phase cold storage agent;
所述空调制冷单元包括风机盘管换热单元和循环泵，所述风机盘管换热单元包括风机和盘管换热器；所述盘管换热器的进口端通过管道与所述下换热器的出口端连通，所述盘管换热器的出口端与所述循环泵的进口端连通，所述循环泵的出口端与所述下换热器的进口端连接，所述下换热器、盘管换热器和循环泵连通构成的回路中具有载冷剂；The air-conditioning refrigeration unit includes a fan-coil heat exchange unit and a circulating pump, the fan-coil heat exchange unit includes a fan and a coil heat exchanger; the inlet end of the coil heat exchanger is exchanged with the bottom through a pipe The outlet end of the heat exchanger is in communication, the outlet end of the coil heat exchanger is in communication with the inlet end of the circulating pump, the outlet end of the circulating pump is connected to the inlet end of the lower heat exchanger, and the lower heat exchanger The loop formed by the heat exchanger, the coil heat exchanger and the circulating pump has a refrigerant carrier;
所述风机位于所述盘管换热器的一侧，所述盘管换热器的另一侧设置有出风口，所述风机的吹风方向朝向所述盘管换热器；所述控制单元与所述循环泵和风机控制连接。The fan is located on one side of the coil heat exchanger, the other side of the coil heat exchanger is provided with an air outlet, and the blowing direction of the fan faces the coil heat exchanger; the control unit Control connection with the circulating pump and fan.
作为优选，还包括动力单元，所述动力单元是以天然气为燃料的热能应用设备，所述动力单元通过主介质管路与所述LNG储罐连通，所述主介质管路靠近所述LNG储罐的一端设置有第一手动截止阀；Preferably, it further includes a power unit, the power unit is a thermal energy application equipment fueled by natural gas, the power unit is connected to the LNG storage tank through a main medium pipeline, and the main medium pipeline is close to the LNG storage tank. One end of the tank is provided with a first manual shut-off valve;
所述上换热器的进口端通过蓄冷管路入口管与所述主介质管路连通，所述蓄冷管路入口管与主介质管路的连接处位于所述第一手动截止阀与动力单元之间，所述蓄冷管路入口管上设置有第二手动截止阀；The inlet end of the upper heat exchanger is communicated with the main medium pipeline through the cold storage pipeline inlet pipe, and the connection between the cold storage pipeline inlet pipe and the main medium pipeline is located at the first manual stop valve and the power unit In between, a second manual shut-off valve is provided on the inlet pipe of the cold storage pipeline;
所述上换热器的出口端通过蓄冷管路出口管与所述主介质管路连通，所述蓄冷管路出口管与主介质管路的连接处位于所述蓄冷管路入口管与主介质管路的连接处和所述主介质管路与动力单元的连接处之间。The outlet end of the upper heat exchanger is in communication with the main medium pipeline through the outlet pipe of the cold storage pipeline, and the connection between the outlet pipe of the cold storage pipeline and the main medium pipeline is located between the inlet pipe of the cold storage pipeline and the main medium. Between the connection of the pipeline and the connection of the main medium pipeline and the power unit.
作为优选，所述三介质高温差换热器上设有第一温度传感器、压力传感器、液位传感器和安全阀，所述第一温度传感器用于监测所述液相蓄冷剂的温度，所述压力传感器用于监测所述气相蓄冷剂的压力，所述液位传感器用于测量所述液相蓄冷剂的液位高度，所述安全阀用于当所述气相蓄冷剂压力超标时自动起跳泄压；Preferably, the three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger is provided with a first temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a liquid level sensor and a safety valve, and the first temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature of the liquid phase cold storage agent. The pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure of the gas-phase refrigerant, the liquid level sensor is used to measure the liquid level of the liquid-phase refrigerant, and the safety valve is used to automatically take off when the pressure of the gas-phase refrigerant exceeds the standard. Pressure
所述盘管换热器的进口端处设置有第二温度传感器，所述盘管换热器的出口端处设置有第三温度传感器，所述出风口附近设置有第四温度传感器；A second temperature sensor is arranged at the inlet end of the coil heat exchanger, a third temperature sensor is arranged at the outlet end of the coil heat exchanger, and a fourth temperature sensor is arranged near the air outlet;
所述控制单元与所述第一温度传感器、压力传感器、液位传感器、第二温度传感器、第三温度传感器和第四温度传感器通信连通。The control unit communicates with the first temperature sensor, the pressure sensor, the liquid level sensor, the second temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor, and the fourth temperature sensor.
作为优选，所述蓄冷管路入口管上设置有第一电磁调节阀，所述第一电磁调节阀位于所述第二手动截止阀与上换热器的进口端之间；Preferably, a first electromagnetic regulating valve is provided on the inlet pipe of the cold storage pipeline, and the first electromagnetic regulating valve is located between the second manual stop valve and the inlet end of the upper heat exchanger;
所述主介质管路上设置有第二电磁调节阀，所述第二电磁调节阀位于所述蓄冷管路出口管与主介质管路的连接处和所述蓄冷管路入口管与主介质管路的连接处之间；A second electromagnetic regulating valve is provided on the main medium pipeline, and the second electromagnetic regulating valve is located at the junction of the outlet pipe of the cold storage pipeline and the main medium pipeline and the inlet pipe of the cold storage pipeline and the main medium pipeline Between the connections;
所述控制单元与所述第一电磁调节阀和第二电磁调节阀控制连接；The control unit is in control connection with the first solenoid regulating valve and the second solenoid regulating valve;
所述循环泵的进口端连接的管路上设置有第三手动截止阀，所述循环泵的出口端连接的管路上设置有第四手动截止阀。The pipeline connected to the inlet end of the circulating pump is provided with a third manual shut-off valve, and the pipeline connected to the outlet end of the circulating pump is provided with a fourth manual shut-off valve.
作为优选，还包括载冷剂缓冲罐，所述载冷剂缓冲罐位于所述第三手动截止阀和盘管换热器的出口端之间。Preferably, it further includes a refrigerant buffer tank, which is located between the third manual shut-off valve and the outlet end of the coil heat exchanger.
有益效果Beneficial effect
本发明的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
（1）回收LNG的冷能作为空调制冷系统的冷源，避免LNG汽化造成的大量冷量的浪费，消除了常规蒸汽压缩制冷循环所必须的高功耗部件-压缩机，降低了动力单元的燃料消耗和废气排放，节能减排效果显著。(1) The cold energy of LNG is recovered as the cold source of the air-conditioning refrigeration system, avoiding the waste of a large amount of cold energy caused by LNG vaporization, eliminating the high power consumption component-compressor necessary for the conventional vapor compression refrigeration cycle, and reducing the power unit Fuel consumption and exhaust gas emissions have significant energy-saving and emission-reduction effects.
（2）创新发明并使用三介质高温差换热器回收LNG的冷能，克服LNG与载冷剂两介质换热无法突破的高温差换热障碍，消除两介质换热时载冷剂冻结和换热不良的问题，保证LNG空调制冷系统平稳、安全运行，并通过液相蓄冷剂的蓄冷，实现了LNG蓄冷空调功能，系统效率高且流程简单。(2) Innovatively invent and use the three-medium high-temperature heat exchanger to recover the cold energy of LNG, overcome the high-temperature difference heat exchange barrier that cannot be broken through the two-medium heat exchange between LNG and the refrigerant, and eliminate the freezing and freezing of the refrigerant during the two-medium heat exchange. The problem of poor heat exchange ensures the smooth and safe operation of the LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system, and realizes the LNG cold-storage air-conditioning function through the cold storage of the liquid-phase cold storage agent, with high system efficiency and simple process.
附图说明Description of the drawings
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.
图1是本发明一种LNG空调制冷系统的最优实施例的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optimal embodiment of an LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system of the present invention.
图2是本发明一种LNG空调制冷系统的LNG进入动力单元的过程。Fig. 2 is a process in which LNG of an LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system of the present invention enters a power unit.
图3是本发明一种LNG空调制冷系统的蓄冷过程。Fig. 3 is a cold storage process of an LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system of the present invention.
图4是本发明一种LNG空调制冷系统的制冷过程。Fig. 4 is a refrigeration process of an LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system of the present invention.
图中101、LNG储罐，102、第一手动截止阀，103、主介质管路，104、第二电磁调节阀，105、动力单元，201、三介质高温差换热器，202、液相蓄冷剂，203、气相蓄冷剂，204、壳体，205、压力传感器，206、第一温度传感器，207、安全阀，208、液位传感器，301、冷却空间，302、下换热器，303、盘管进口管，304、风机盘管换热单元，305、盘管出口管，306、载冷剂缓冲罐，307、载冷剂管路，308、第三手动截止阀，309、循环泵，310、第四手动截止阀，311、第三温度传感器，312、第二温度传感器，313、第四温度传感器，314、风机，315、盘管换热器，316、换热翅片，317、载冷剂，401、蓄冷管路入口管，402、第二手动截止阀，403、第一电磁调节阀，404、上换热器，405、蓄冷管路出口管，501、控制单元。In the figure 101, LNG storage tank, 102, the first manual shut-off valve, 103, the main medium pipeline, 104, the second solenoid regulating valve, 105, power unit, 201, three medium high temperature difference heat exchanger, 202, liquid phase Cold storage agent, 203, gas phase cold storage agent, 204, shell, 205, pressure sensor, 206, first temperature sensor, 207, safety valve, 208, liquid level sensor, 301, cooling space, 302, lower heat exchanger, 303 , Coil inlet pipe, 304, Fan coil heat exchange unit, 305, Coil outlet pipe, 306, Refrigerant buffer tank, 307, Refrigerant pipeline, 308, Third manual stop valve, 309, Circulating pump , 310, the fourth manual shut-off valve, 311, the third temperature sensor, 312, the second temperature sensor, 313, the fourth temperature sensor, 314, fan, 315, coil heat exchanger, 316, heat exchange fins, 317 , Refrigerant, 401, cold storage pipeline inlet pipe, 402, second manual shut-off valve, 403, first electromagnetic regulating valve, 404, upper heat exchanger, 405, cold storage pipeline outlet pipe, 501, control unit.
本发明的实施方式Embodiments of the present invention
如图1所示，本发明提供了一种LNG空调制冷系统，包括三介质双级换热系统、LNG管路系统、空调制冷单元、监控系统、LNG储罐101、动力单元105和控制单元501。As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides an LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system, including a three-medium two-stage heat exchange system, an LNG pipeline system, an air-conditioning refrigeration unit, a monitoring system, an LNG storage tank 101, a power unit 105, and a control unit 501 .
LNG管路系统包括主介质管路103、蓄冷管路入口管401和蓄冷管路出口管405。The LNG pipeline system includes a main medium pipeline 103, a cold storage pipeline inlet pipe 401, and a cold storage pipeline outlet pipe 405.
主介质管路103用于连通LNG储罐101和动力单元105，主介质管路103的一端与LNG储罐101连接，另一端与动力单元105连接，主介质管路103靠近LNG储罐101的一端设置有第一手动截止阀102。LNG储罐101为存储LNG的容器，动力单元105为以天然气为燃料的热能应用设备，第一手动截止阀102被打开后LNG才能够从主介质管路103进入动力单元105。The main medium pipeline 103 is used to connect the LNG storage tank 101 and the power unit 105. One end of the main medium pipeline 103 is connected to the LNG storage tank 101, and the other end is connected to the power unit 105. The main medium pipeline 103 is close to the LNG storage tank 101. A first manual shut-off valve 102 is provided at one end. The LNG storage tank 101 is a container for storing LNG, and the power unit 105 is a thermal energy application device using natural gas as fuel. The LNG can enter the power unit 105 from the main medium pipeline 103 only after the first manual shut-off valve 102 is opened.
在LNG进入动力单元105过程中，如图2所示，首先打开第一手动截止阀102，由LNG储罐101流出LNG进入主介质管路103，然后进入动力单元105内燃烧做功。当需要对LNG储罐101进行更换或者维修操作时，操作人员需先关闭第一手动截止阀102，然后对LNG储罐101进行更换和维修操作。When the LNG enters the power unit 105, as shown in FIG. 2, the first manual shut-off valve 102 is first opened, and the LNG flows out of the LNG storage tank 101 into the main medium pipeline 103, and then enters the power unit 105 for combustion to perform work. When the LNG storage tank 101 needs to be replaced or repaired, the operator must first close the first manual shut-off valve 102, and then perform the replacement and repair operations on the LNG storage tank 101.
三介质双级换热系统包括三介质高温差换热器201和蓄冷剂，三介质高温差换热器201包括壳体204、上换热器404和下换热器302。The three-medium two-stage heat exchange system includes a three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger 201 and a cold storage agent. The three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger 201 includes a shell 204, an upper heat exchanger 404, and a lower heat exchanger 302.
上换热器404通过蓄冷管路入口管401和蓄冷管路出口管405并联在主介质管路103上。上换热器404的进口端通过蓄冷管路入口管401与主介质管路103连通，上换热器404的出口端通过蓄冷管路出口管405与主介质管路103连通。蓄冷管路入口管401与主介质管路103的连接处位于第一手动截止阀102和动力单元105之间，蓄冷管路出口管405与主介质管路103的连接处位于蓄冷管路入口管401与主介质管路103的连接处和动力单元105之间。第一手动截止阀102被打开后，LNG自LNG储罐101进入主介质管路103，从蓄冷管路入口管401进入上换热器404内。The upper heat exchanger 404 is connected in parallel to the main medium pipeline 103 through the cold storage pipeline inlet pipe 401 and the cold storage pipeline outlet pipe 405. The inlet end of the upper heat exchanger 404 communicates with the main medium pipeline 103 through the cold storage pipeline inlet pipe 401, and the outlet end of the upper heat exchanger 404 communicates with the main medium pipeline 103 through the cold storage pipeline outlet pipe 405. The junction between the cold storage pipeline inlet pipe 401 and the main medium pipeline 103 is located between the first manual shut-off valve 102 and the power unit 105, and the junction between the cold storage pipeline outlet pipe 405 and the main medium pipeline 103 is located at the cold storage pipeline inlet pipe Between the connection point between 401 and the main medium pipeline 103 and the power unit 105. After the first manual shut-off valve 102 is opened, LNG enters the main medium pipeline 103 from the LNG storage tank 101, and enters the upper heat exchanger 404 from the cold storage pipeline inlet pipe 401.
在本实施例中，蓄冷管路入口管401上设置有第二手动截止阀402。LNG空调制冷系统一般只是在天气炎热的时候工作。当处于冬季或者长时间不需要空调运行时，可以手动关闭第二手动截止阀402，LNG停止进入蓄冷管路入口管401，仅通过主介质管路103进入动力单元105内进行燃烧供能。In this embodiment, a second manual shut-off valve 402 is provided on the inlet pipe 401 of the cold storage pipeline. LNG air conditioning and refrigeration systems generally only work when the weather is hot. When it is in winter or when air conditioning is not needed for a long time, the second manual shut-off valve 402 can be manually closed, the LNG stops entering the cold storage pipeline inlet pipe 401, and only enters the power unit 105 through the main medium pipeline 103 for combustion and energy supply.
壳体204内部设置有容腔，蓄冷剂位于容腔内部。蓄冷剂具有气液转换特性，包括呈现为气态的气相蓄冷剂203和呈现为液态的液相蓄冷剂202。气相蓄冷剂203和液相蓄冷剂202为蓄冷剂的两种存在形态，其凝固温度低于LNG储罐101内LNG的温度，即在任何情况下均不会因吸收LNG冷量而发生冻结；其具有较高的液化温度和较低的液化压力，即在高温（如50℃）下保持液态时，容腔内压力不至太高（如1MPa）；其气态和液态时都具有较高的导热系数，并具有较大的汽化潜热。在容腔中，气相蓄冷剂203位于液相蓄冷剂202的上方。The housing 204 is provided with a cavity, and the cold storage agent is located inside the cavity. The cold storage agent has gas-liquid conversion characteristics, and includes a gas-phase cold storage agent 203 that is in a gaseous state and a liquid-phase cold storage agent 202 that is in a liquid state. The gas-phase cold storage agent 203 and the liquid-phase cold storage agent 202 are two existing forms of the cold storage agent, and their freezing temperature is lower than the temperature of the LNG in the LNG storage tank 101, that is, under any circumstances will not freeze due to the absorption of the LNG cold energy; It has a higher liquefaction temperature and a lower liquefaction pressure, that is, when it is kept in a liquid state at a high temperature (such as 50°C), the pressure in the cavity is not too high (such as 1MPa); it has a higher temperature in both gaseous and liquid state. Thermal conductivity, and has a large latent heat of vaporization. In the cavity, the gas-phase cold storage agent 203 is located above the liquid-phase cold storage agent 202.
上换热器404和下换热器302均位于壳体204内部的容腔内，上换热器404位于下换热器302的上方。上换热器404与气相蓄冷剂203充分接触，上换热器404内存在LNG。下换热器302与液相蓄冷剂202充分接触，下换热器302内存在载冷剂317。The upper heat exchanger 404 and the lower heat exchanger 302 are both located in the cavity inside the shell 204, and the upper heat exchanger 404 is located above the lower heat exchanger 302. The upper heat exchanger 404 is in full contact with the gas-phase cold storage agent 203, and LNG is present in the upper heat exchanger 404. The lower heat exchanger 302 is in full contact with the liquid-phase cold storage agent 202, and there is a refrigerant 317 in the lower heat exchanger 302.
容腔内，气相蓄冷剂203的温度高于液相蓄冷剂202的温度，气相蓄冷剂203能够通过吸收LNG冷量的方式液化成液相蓄冷剂202，液相蓄冷剂202能够通过吸收热量的方式汽化成气相蓄冷剂203。In the cavity, the temperature of the gas-phase refrigerant 203 is higher than the temperature of the liquid-phase refrigerant 202. The gas-phase refrigerant 203 can be liquefied into the liquid-phase refrigerant 202 by absorbing the cold energy of LNG, and the liquid-phase refrigerant 202 can absorb heat by The way is vaporized into the gas-phase cold storage agent 203.
LNG空调制冷系统的蓄冷过程中，首先打开第二手动截止阀402，由LNG储罐101流出的另一部分LNG进入蓄冷管路入口管401流入上换热器404内并且在上换热器404内与气相蓄冷剂203进行换热，与上换热器404充分接触的气相蓄冷剂203吸收LNG的冷能液化，液化后的气相蓄冷剂203依靠重力回流至液相蓄冷剂202中，实现蓄冷。吸热后的LNG在上换热器404内汽化，汽化后的LNG通过蓄冷管路出口管405再次进入主介质管路103，然后进入动力单元105进行燃烧。During the cold storage process of the LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system, first open the second manual shut-off valve 402, and another part of the LNG flowing out of the LNG storage tank 101 enters the cold storage pipeline inlet pipe 401, flows into the upper heat exchanger 404 and enters the upper heat exchanger 404 The internal and gas-phase cold storage agent 203 exchanges heat. The gas-phase cold storage agent 203 fully in contact with the upper heat exchanger 404 absorbs the cold energy of LNG to liquefy. . The absorbed LNG is vaporized in the upper heat exchanger 404, and the vaporized LNG enters the main medium pipeline 103 again through the cold storage pipeline outlet pipe 405, and then enters the power unit 105 for combustion.
现有技术中使用的基于LNG的制冷系统采用的都是LNG和载冷剂317直接换热的双介质单级换热方案。由于LNG的温度较低（譬如-150℃，甚至更低），与载冷剂317间的换热温差较大（100～120℃），两者换热时不可避免地造成载冷剂317因温度过低而发生凝结现象，造成换热器的管道堵塞。The LNG-based refrigeration systems used in the prior art adopt a two-medium single-stage heat exchange scheme in which LNG and refrigerant 317 directly exchange heat. Since the temperature of LNG is relatively low (for example, -150℃, or even lower), the heat exchange temperature difference between LNG and refrigerant 317 is large (100～120℃), the heat exchange between the two will inevitably cause the factor of refrigerant 317. Condensation occurs when the temperature is too low, causing the pipe of the heat exchanger to be blocked.
在三介质高温差换热器201内，气相蓄冷剂203吸收LNG冷量不断地被液化，所述容腔内的压力逐渐下降，当压力低于所述的液相蓄冷剂202的蒸发压力时，液相蓄冷剂202蒸发加快，如此往复，实现冷量的间接传递和储存。当第一温度传感器206监测到液相蓄冷剂202的温度接近载冷剂317的凝固温度（譬如-60℃）时，控制系统501调节蓄冷管路入口管401上的第一电磁调节阀403，控制LNG进入上换热器404内流量，实现对三介质高温差换热器201冷量输入的控制。由于三介质高温差换热器201内液相蓄冷剂202的质量和比热容较大，有效避免了因LNG流量控制精度低及第一电磁调节阀403关闭后上换热器404和蓄冷管路出口管405内滞留的LNG持续供冷造成的液相蓄冷剂202温度过低，进而杜绝了载冷剂317的冻结问题，克服LNG与载冷剂317双介质换热无法突破的高温差换热障碍。In the three-medium high-temperature heat exchanger 201, the gas-phase cold storage agent 203 absorbs the LNG cold capacity and is continuously liquefied, and the pressure in the chamber gradually decreases. When the pressure is lower than the evaporation pressure of the liquid phase cold storage agent 202 , The liquid-phase cold storage agent 202 evaporates faster, so reciprocating, indirect transfer and storage of cold energy are realized. When the first temperature sensor 206 monitors that the temperature of the liquid phase cold storage agent 202 is close to the freezing temperature of the carrier refrigerant 317 (for example, -60°C), the control system 501 adjusts the first electromagnetic regulating valve 403 on the cold storage pipeline inlet pipe 401, The flow rate of LNG entering the upper heat exchanger 404 is controlled to realize the control of the cold input of the three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger 201. Due to the large mass and specific heat capacity of the liquid phase cold storage agent 202 in the three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger 201, the low LNG flow control accuracy and the first electromagnetic regulating valve 403 closed after the upper heat exchanger 404 and cold storage pipeline outlet are effectively avoided The temperature of the liquid phase cold storage agent 202 is too low due to the continuous cooling of the LNG retained in the tube 405, thereby eliminating the freezing problem of the refrigerant 317, and overcoming the high temperature difference heat exchange barrier that cannot be broken through the dual-medium heat exchange between the LNG and the refrigerant 317 .
空调制冷单元包括载冷剂管路307、循环泵309、风机盘管换热单元304和载冷剂缓冲罐306。载冷剂管路307、循环泵309、下换热器302、风机盘管换热单元304和载冷剂缓冲罐306通过管道连通，空调制冷单元的管道内具有载冷剂317。The air conditioning and refrigeration unit includes a refrigerant pipeline 307, a circulating pump 309, a fan coil heat exchange unit 304, and a refrigerant buffer tank 306. The refrigerant pipeline 307, the circulating pump 309, the lower heat exchanger 302, the fan coil heat exchange unit 304, and the refrigerant buffer tank 306 are communicated with each other through pipelines, and the refrigerant 317 is provided in the pipeline of the air conditioning refrigeration unit.
风机盘管换热单元304包括风机314、盘管换热器315和换热翅片306。盘管换热器315的进口端通过盘管进口管303与下换热器302的出口端连通，盘管换热器315的出口端通过盘管出口管305与载冷剂缓冲罐306的进口端连通，载冷剂缓冲罐306的的出口端通过载冷剂管路307与循环泵309的进口端连通，循环泵309的出口端通过管道与下换热器302的进口端连通。The fan-coil heat exchange unit 304 includes a fan 314, a coil heat exchanger 315, and heat exchange fins 306. The inlet end of the coil heat exchanger 315 is communicated with the outlet end of the lower heat exchanger 302 through the coil inlet pipe 303, and the outlet end of the coil heat exchanger 315 is connected to the inlet of the refrigerant buffer tank 306 through the coil outlet pipe 305 The outlet end of the refrigerant buffer tank 306 communicates with the inlet end of the circulation pump 309 through the refrigerant pipeline 307, and the outlet end of the circulation pump 309 communicates with the inlet end of the lower heat exchanger 302 through the pipeline.
风机314设置在盘管换热器315的一侧，盘管换热器315的另一侧设置有出风口，风机314的吹风方向朝向盘管换热器315。The fan 314 is arranged on one side of the coil heat exchanger 315, and the other side of the coil heat exchanger 315 is provided with an air outlet, and the blowing direction of the fan 314 faces the coil heat exchanger 315.
载冷剂缓冲罐306用于暂时存储空调制冷单元中的载冷剂317，对载冷剂317因自身温度变化产生的体积波动进行补偿，保证空调制冷单元稳定工作。The refrigerant carrier buffer tank 306 is used to temporarily store the refrigerant carrier 317 in the air-conditioning refrigeration unit, to compensate for the volume fluctuation of the refrigerant carrier 317 due to its own temperature change, and to ensure the stable operation of the air-conditioning refrigeration unit.
空调制冷单元工作时，控制单元501控制开启风机314和循环泵309，载冷剂317在循环泵309的作用下在空调制冷单元内循环流动，载冷剂317在下换热器302内吸收液相蓄冷剂202的冷量，载冷剂317的温度降低，然后流入盘管换热器315中，风机314强制冷却空间301内的空气流过盘管换热器315和换热翅片316进行换热，空气吸收载冷剂317的冷量温度降低，并从所述出风口吹出，对冷却空间301进行降温。控制单元501与风机314和循环泵309控制连接，并能够控制风机314和循环泵309的开启、关闭和转速调节。When the air conditioning and refrigeration unit is working, the control unit 501 controls to turn on the fan 314 and the circulating pump 309. The refrigerant 317 circulates in the air conditioning refrigeration unit under the action of the circulating pump 309, and the refrigerant 317 absorbs the liquid phase in the lower heat exchanger 302. The cooling capacity of the cold storage agent 202 and the temperature of the refrigerant 317 decrease, and then flow into the coil heat exchanger 315. The fan 314 forces the air in the cooling space 301 to flow through the coil heat exchanger 315 and the heat exchange fins 316 for exchange. As it heats, the air absorbs the cooling capacity of the refrigerant 317 and lowers the temperature, and blows it out from the air outlet to lower the temperature of the cooling space 301. The control unit 501 is in control connection with the fan 314 and the circulating pump 309, and can control the opening, closing and speed adjustment of the fan 314 and the circulating pump 309.
在本实施例中，循环泵309为变频循环泵309，风机314为变频风机。盘管换热器315采用的是翅片管式换热器，盘管换热器315上设置有换热翅片316。In this embodiment, the circulating pump 309 is a frequency conversion circulating pump 309, and the fan 314 is a frequency conversion fan. The coil heat exchanger 315 adopts a finned tube heat exchanger, and the coil heat exchanger 315 is provided with heat exchange fins 316.
传统的空调制冷系统一般采用压缩机作为制冷系统的核心设备，压缩机属于动力设备，工作时需消耗大量电能且振动和噪声较大，在压缩机购买和维修方面需要花费额外的费用，使用成本较高。本发明提供的LNG空调制冷系统，使用三介质高温差换热器201回收LNG的冷能作为空调制冷系统的冷源，消除了常规蒸汽压缩制冷循环所必须的高功耗部件——压缩机，三介质高温差换热器201工作不消耗任何电能、不需要维修，与传统的制冷系统相比具有很高的经济效应和环保效应。Traditional air-conditioning and refrigeration systems generally use compressors as the core equipment of the refrigeration system. Compressors are power equipment that consume a lot of electrical energy and have high vibration and noise during operation. Additional costs and operating costs are required for the purchase and maintenance of compressors. Higher. The LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system provided by the present invention uses the three-medium high-temperature difference heat exchanger 201 to recover the cold energy of LNG as the cold source of the air-conditioning refrigeration system, eliminating the high power consumption component-the compressor, which is necessary for the conventional vapor compression refrigeration cycle. The three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger 201 does not consume any electric energy and does not require maintenance, and has a high economic effect and environmental protection effect compared with a traditional refrigeration system.
监控系统包括第一温度传感器206、压力传感器205、液位传感器208、第二温度传感器312、第三温度传感器311、第四温度传感器313、第一电磁调节阀403、第二电磁调节阀104、风机314和循环泵309。The monitoring system includes a first temperature sensor 206, a pressure sensor 205, a liquid level sensor 208, a second temperature sensor 312, a third temperature sensor 311, a fourth temperature sensor 313, a first solenoid regulating valve 403, a second solenoid regulating valve 104, Fan 314 and circulating pump 309.
控制单元501是具备数据接收和处理能力的设备，控制单元501与第一温度传感器206、压力传感器205、液位传感器208、安全阀207、第二温度传感器312、第三温度传感器311和第四温度传感器313通信连接，控制单元501与第一电磁调节阀403和第二电磁调节阀104控制连接。The control unit 501 is a device with data receiving and processing capabilities. The control unit 501 interacts with the first temperature sensor 206, the pressure sensor 205, the liquid level sensor 208, the safety valve 207, the second temperature sensor 312, the third temperature sensor 311, and the fourth temperature sensor. The temperature sensor 313 is communicatively connected, and the control unit 501 is controlly connected to the first solenoid regulating valve 403 and the second solenoid regulating valve 104.
从功能上看，监控系统包括温控系统、压力系统、安全系统和液位系统。From a functional point of view, the monitoring system includes a temperature control system, a pressure system, a safety system and a liquid level system.
温控系统包括第一温度传感器206、第二温度传感器312、第三温度传感器311、第四温度传感器313、第一电磁调节阀403、风机314和循环泵309。The temperature control system includes a first temperature sensor 206, a second temperature sensor 312, a third temperature sensor 311, a fourth temperature sensor 313, a first electromagnetic regulating valve 403, a fan 314, and a circulating pump 309.
第一温度传感器206位于三介质高温差换热器201上，第一温度传感器206用于测量液相蓄冷剂202的温度。The first temperature sensor 206 is located on the three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger 201, and the first temperature sensor 206 is used to measure the temperature of the liquid phase cold storage agent 202.
第二温度传感器312和第三温度传感器311均位于空调制冷单元内，第二温度传感器312位于下换热器302的出口端与盘管换热器315的进口端之间，第三温度传感器311位于盘管换热器315的出口端与载冷剂缓冲罐306之间，第二温度传感器312用于测量进入盘管换热器315的载冷剂317的温度，第三温度传感器311用于测量从盘管换热器315中流出的载冷剂317的温度。The second temperature sensor 312 and the third temperature sensor 311 are both located in the air conditioning refrigeration unit, the second temperature sensor 312 is located between the outlet end of the lower heat exchanger 302 and the inlet end of the coil heat exchanger 315, and the third temperature sensor 311 Located between the outlet end of the coil heat exchanger 315 and the refrigerant buffer tank 306, the second temperature sensor 312 is used to measure the temperature of the refrigerant 317 entering the coil heat exchanger 315, and the third temperature sensor 311 is used The temperature of the refrigerant 317 flowing out of the coil heat exchanger 315 is measured.
第四温度传感器313位于冷却空间301内，用于测量冷却空间301的温度。第一电磁调节阀403设置在蓄冷管路入口管401上，第一电磁调节阀403位于第二手动截止阀402与上换热器404的进口端之间，控制单元501通过第一电磁调节阀403控制进入蓄冷管路入口管401的LNG流量。The fourth temperature sensor 313 is located in the cooling space 301 and is used to measure the temperature of the cooling space 301. The first solenoid regulating valve 403 is arranged on the inlet pipe 401 of the cold storage pipeline, the first solenoid regulating valve 403 is located between the second manual shut-off valve 402 and the inlet end of the upper heat exchanger 404, and the control unit 501 is regulated by the first solenoid The valve 403 controls the flow of LNG into the inlet pipe 401 of the cold storage pipeline.
压力系统包括压力传感器205，压力传感器205位于三介质高温差换热器201上，主要用于监测气相蓄冷剂203的压力。The pressure system includes a pressure sensor 205, which is located on the three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger 201, and is mainly used to monitor the pressure of the gas phase cold storage agent 203.
液位系统包括液位传感器208，液位传感器208位于三介质高温差换热器201上，主要用于检测液相蓄冷剂202的液位高度。The liquid level system includes a liquid level sensor 208, which is located on the three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger 201, and is mainly used to detect the liquid level height of the liquid phase cold storage agent 202.
安全系统包括安全阀207，安全阀207被设置在三介质高温差换热器201的上端。安全阀207预先设置好起跳阈值，当气相蓄冷剂203的压力超过起跳阈值时，安全阀207自动起跳泄压，保证三介质高温差换热器201的安全工作。The safety system includes a safety valve 207, which is arranged at the upper end of the three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger 201. The safety valve 207 is preset with a take-off threshold. When the pressure of the gas-phase refrigerant 203 exceeds the take-off threshold, the safety valve 207 automatically takes off and releases the pressure to ensure the safe operation of the three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger 201.
在动力单元105和空调制冷系统同时运行时，如图1所示，液相蓄冷剂202吸收载冷剂317的热量温度升高，不断被汽化，而气相蓄冷剂203吸收LNG的冷量持续被液化为液相蓄冷剂202。When the power unit 105 and the air conditioning and refrigeration system are running at the same time, as shown in Figure 1, the liquid phase cold storage agent 202 absorbs the heat of the refrigerant 317 and the temperature rises and is continuously vaporized, while the gas phase cold storage agent 203 absorbs the cold energy of the LNG continuously. It is liquefied into a liquid phase cold storage agent 202.
当气相蓄冷剂203的液化速率大于液相蓄冷剂202的汽化速率时，液相蓄冷剂202的温度会降低至载冷剂317的凝固温度，此时，控制单元501控制减小第一电磁调节阀403开度，降低进入上换热器404的LNG流量。When the liquefaction rate of the gas-phase refrigerant 203 is greater than the vaporization rate of the liquid-phase refrigerant 202, the temperature of the liquid-phase refrigerant 202 will be reduced to the freezing temperature of the refrigerant 317. At this time, the control unit 501 controls to reduce the first electromagnetic regulation. The opening degree of the valve 403 reduces the flow of LNG entering the upper heat exchanger 404.
当气相蓄冷剂203的液化速率小于液相蓄冷剂202的汽化速率时，液相蓄冷剂202的温度会持续升高，这时控制单元501控制增加第一电磁调节阀403的开度，增加进入上换热器404的LNG流量，提高冷量输入。When the liquefaction rate of the gas-phase cold storage agent 203 is less than the vaporization rate of the liquid-phase cold storage agent 202, the temperature of the liquid-phase cold storage agent 202 will continue to rise. At this time, the control unit 501 controls to increase the opening of the first electromagnetic regulating valve 403 to increase the inlet The LNG flow rate of the upper heat exchanger 404 increases the cold input.
如图3所示，在LNG空调制冷系统的蓄冷过程中，控制单元501控制蓄冷管路入口管401上的第一电磁调节阀403开启，由LNG储罐101流出的另一部分LNG经蓄冷管路入口管401流入上换热器404内，并在上换热器404内与气相蓄冷剂203进行换热，气相蓄冷剂203吸收上换热器404内LNG的冷量而被液化，液化后的气相蓄冷剂203依靠重力回流至液相蓄冷剂202中，实现蓄冷。当第一温度传感器206监测到液相蓄冷剂202的温度接近载冷剂317的凝固温度（譬如-60℃）时，控制单元501关闭第一电磁调节阀403，停止LNG的供应，蓄冷过程停止。LNG在上换热器404内吸热后汽化，汽化后的LNG通过蓄冷管路出口管405再次进入主介质管路103，然后进入动力单元105进行燃烧。As shown in Figure 3, during the cold storage process of the LNG air conditioning and refrigeration system, the control unit 501 controls the first electromagnetic regulating valve 403 on the cold storage pipeline inlet pipe 401 to open, and another part of the LNG flowing out of the LNG storage tank 101 passes through the cold storage pipeline The inlet pipe 401 flows into the upper heat exchanger 404 and exchanges heat with the gas-phase refrigerant 203 in the upper heat exchanger 404. The gas-phase refrigerant 203 absorbs the cold energy of the LNG in the upper heat exchanger 404 and is liquefied. The gas-phase cold storage agent 203 reflows into the liquid-phase cold storage agent 202 by gravity to achieve cold storage. When the first temperature sensor 206 detects that the temperature of the liquid-phase cold storage agent 202 is close to the freezing temperature of the refrigerant 317 (for example, -60°C), the control unit 501 closes the first electromagnetic regulating valve 403, stops the supply of LNG, and the cold storage process stops . The LNG absorbs heat in the upper heat exchanger 404 and then vaporizes. The vaporized LNG enters the main medium pipeline 103 again through the cold storage pipeline outlet pipe 405, and then enters the power unit 105 for combustion.
在本实施例中，LNG空调制冷系统还具有延时制冷功能。In this embodiment, the LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system also has a delayed refrigeration function.
当动力单元105停止工作时，控制单元501关闭第一电磁调节阀403和第二电磁调节阀104，LNG停止进入上换热器404。由于三介质高温差换热器201中低温的液相蓄冷剂202蓄有大量的冷量，载冷剂317可以通过下换热器302从液相蓄冷剂202中获取冷量，空调制冷单元仍然能够进行制冷操作，实现了延时制冷的效果，具有蓄冷空调的功能。When the power unit 105 stops working, the control unit 501 closes the first solenoid regulating valve 403 and the second solenoid regulating valve 104, and the LNG stops entering the upper heat exchanger 404. Since the low-temperature liquid phase cold storage agent 202 in the three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger 201 stores a large amount of cold energy, the refrigerant carrier 317 can obtain cold energy from the liquid phase cold storage agent 202 through the lower heat exchanger 302, and the air conditioning refrigeration unit is still It can perform refrigeration operation, realize the effect of delayed refrigeration, and has the function of cold storage air conditioning.
在蓄冷空调制冷过程中，如图4所示，随着空调制冷系统的持续运行，液相蓄冷剂202的温度逐渐升高，不断被汽化为气相蓄冷剂203。当第一温度传感器206监测到液相蓄冷剂202的温度达到风机盘管换热单元304运行所需载冷剂317的最高温度（譬如7℃）时，控制单元501关闭循环泵309，蓄冷空调制冷过程结束。During the cooling process of the cold storage air conditioning, as shown in FIG. 4, as the air conditioning and refrigeration system continues to operate, the temperature of the liquid phase cold storage agent 202 gradually rises and is continuously vaporized into the gas phase cold storage agent 203. When the first temperature sensor 206 detects that the temperature of the liquid-phase cold storage agent 202 reaches the highest temperature (for example, 7°C) of the refrigerant 317 required for the operation of the fan-coil heat exchange unit 304, the control unit 501 turns off the circulating pump 309, and the cold storage air conditioner The cooling process is over.
控制单元501根据第四温度传感器313获取冷却空间301的温度，通过第二温度传感器312和第三温度传感器311获取的载冷剂317在制冷前后的温度。当控制单元501监测到冷却空间301内空气温度达到设定温度时，控制单元501通过调节循环泵309的转速精细控制载冷剂317流量，并通过分析第三温度传感器311和第四温度传感器312监测的载冷剂317流过风机盘管换热单元304制冷前后的温度数据，精确控制冷却空间301内的温度。同时，通过控制单元501可以用户调节风机314的转速，调节对冷却空间301的降温速率。The control unit 501 acquires the temperature of the cooling space 301 according to the fourth temperature sensor 313, and acquires the temperature of the refrigerant 317 before and after cooling through the second temperature sensor 312 and the third temperature sensor 311. When the control unit 501 detects that the air temperature in the cooling space 301 reaches the set temperature, the control unit 501 finely controls the flow of the refrigerant 317 by adjusting the rotation speed of the circulating pump 309, and analyzes the third temperature sensor 311 and the fourth temperature sensor 312 The monitored refrigerant 317 flows through the temperature data of the fan coil heat exchange unit 304 before and after cooling, and the temperature in the cooling space 301 is accurately controlled. At the same time, the user can adjust the rotation speed of the fan 314 through the control unit 501, and adjust the temperature drop rate of the cooling space 301.
根据另外的实施例，本发明还包括第三手动截止阀308、第四手动截止阀310和载冷剂缓冲罐306。According to another embodiment, the present invention further includes a third manual shut-off valve 308, a fourth manual shut-off valve 310, and a refrigerant buffer tank 306.
第三手动截止阀308设置在与循环泵309的进口端连通的管路上，第四手动截止阀310设置在与循环泵309的出口端连通的管路上。当需要对循环泵309进行更换或修理时，操作人员可以先手动关闭第三手动截止阀308和第四手动截止阀310，再将循环泵309取出，避免空调制冷单元中的载冷剂317泄漏；The third manual shut-off valve 308 is arranged on the pipeline communicating with the inlet end of the circulating pump 309, and the fourth manual shut-off valve 310 is arranged on the pipeline communicating with the outlet end of the circulating pump 309. When the circulating pump 309 needs to be replaced or repaired, the operator can first manually close the third manual shut-off valve 308 and the fourth manual shut-off valve 310, and then take out the circulating pump 309 to avoid the leakage of the refrigerant 317 in the air conditioning refrigeration unit ；
以上所述的实施例仅是对本发明的优选实施方式进行描述，并非对本发明的范围进行限定，在不脱离本发明设计精神的前提下，本领域普通技术人员对本发明技术方案作出的各种变形和改进，均应落入本发明权利要求书确定的保护范围内。The above-mentioned embodiments only describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention All improvements and improvements shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (5)

  1. 一种LNG空调制冷系统，其特征在于，包括LNG储罐、三介质高温差换热器、空调制冷单元和控制单元；An LNG air conditioning refrigeration system, which is characterized by comprising an LNG storage tank, a three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger, an air conditioning refrigeration unit and a control unit;
    所述LNG储罐用于存储LNG；The LNG storage tank is used to store LNG;
    所述三介质高温差换热器包括壳体、上换热器和下换热器，所述壳体内设容腔，所述容腔内设有气液转换特性的蓄冷剂，所述蓄冷剂包括呈现气态的气相蓄冷剂和呈现液态的液相蓄冷剂；所述上换热器与所述LNG储罐连通，所述上换热器位于所述容腔内并且与所述气相蓄冷剂充分接触；所述下换热器位于所述容腔内并且与所述液相蓄冷剂充分接触；The three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger includes a shell, an upper heat exchanger and a lower heat exchanger. The shell is provided with a cavity, and the cavity is provided with a gas-liquid conversion characteristic cold storage agent, the cold storage agent The upper heat exchanger is in communication with the LNG storage tank, and the upper heat exchanger is located in the cavity and is fully connected to the gas-phase cold storage agent. Contact; the lower heat exchanger is located in the cavity and is in full contact with the liquid phase cold storage agent;
    所述空调制冷单元包括风机盘管换热单元和循环泵，所述风机盘管换热单元包括风机和盘管换热器；所述盘管换热器的进口端通过管道与所述下换热器的出口端连通，所述盘管换热器的出口端通过管道与所述循环泵的进口端连通，所述循环泵的出口端通过管道与所述下换热器的进口端连接，所述下换热器、盘管换热器和循环泵连通构成的回路中具有载冷剂；The air-conditioning refrigeration unit includes a fan-coil heat exchange unit and a circulating pump, the fan-coil heat exchange unit includes a fan and a coil heat exchanger; the inlet end of the coil heat exchanger is exchanged with the bottom through a pipe The outlet end of the heat exchanger is connected, the outlet end of the coil heat exchanger is connected to the inlet end of the circulating pump through a pipe, and the outlet end of the circulating pump is connected to the inlet end of the lower heat exchanger through a pipe, The loop formed by the communication of the lower heat exchanger, the coil heat exchanger and the circulating pump has a refrigerant carrier;
    所述风机位于所述盘管换热器的一侧，所述盘管换热器的另一侧设置有出风口，所述风机的吹风方向朝向所述盘管换热器；所述控制单元与所述循环泵和风机控制连接。The fan is located on one side of the coil heat exchanger, the other side of the coil heat exchanger is provided with an air outlet, and the blowing direction of the fan faces the coil heat exchanger; the control unit Control connection with the circulating pump and fan.
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种LNG空调制冷系统，其特征在于：The LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that:
    还包括动力单元，所述动力单元是以天然气为燃料的热能应用设备，所述动力单元通过主介质管路与所述LNG储罐连通，所述主介质管路靠近所述LNG储罐的一端设置有第一手动截止阀；It also includes a power unit, the power unit is a thermal energy application equipment fueled by natural gas, the power unit is connected to the LNG storage tank through a main medium pipeline, and the main medium pipeline is close to one end of the LNG storage tank A first manual shut-off valve is provided;
    所述上换热器的进口端通过蓄冷管路入口管与所述主介质管路连通，所述蓄冷管路入口管与主介质管路的连接处位于所述第一手动截止阀与动力单元之间，所述蓄冷管路入口管上设置有第二手动截止阀；The inlet end of the upper heat exchanger is communicated with the main medium pipeline through the cold storage pipeline inlet pipe, and the connection between the cold storage pipeline inlet pipe and the main medium pipeline is located at the first manual stop valve and the power unit In between, a second manual shut-off valve is provided on the inlet pipe of the cold storage pipeline;
    所述上换热器的出口端通过蓄冷管路出口管与所述主介质管路连通，所述蓄冷管路出口管与主介质管路的连接处位于所述蓄冷管路入口管与主介质管路的连接处和所述主介质管路与动力单元的连接处之间。The outlet end of the upper heat exchanger is in communication with the main medium pipeline through the outlet pipe of the cold storage pipeline, and the connection between the outlet pipe of the cold storage pipeline and the main medium pipeline is located between the inlet pipe of the cold storage pipeline and the main medium. Between the connection of the pipeline and the connection of the main medium pipeline and the power unit.
  3. 如权利要求2所述的一种LNG空调制冷系统，其特征在于： The LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system according to claim 2, characterized in that:
    所述三介质高温差换热器上设有第一温度传感器、压力传感器、液位传感器和安全阀，所述第一温度传感器用于监测所述液相蓄冷剂的温度，所述压力传感器用于监测所述气相蓄冷剂的压力，所述液位传感器用于测量所述液相蓄冷剂的液位高度，所述安全阀用于当所述气相蓄冷剂压力超标时自动起跳泄压；The three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger is provided with a first temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a liquid level sensor and a safety valve, the first temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature of the liquid phase cold storage agent, and the pressure sensor is used For monitoring the pressure of the gas-phase cold storage agent, the liquid level sensor is used to measure the liquid level of the liquid-phase cold storage agent, and the safety valve is used to automatically take off and release the pressure when the pressure of the gas-phase cold storage agent exceeds a standard;
    所述盘管换热器的进口端处设置有第二温度传感器，所述盘管换热器的出口端处设置有第三温度传感器，所述出风口附近设置有第四温度传感器；A second temperature sensor is arranged at the inlet end of the coil heat exchanger, a third temperature sensor is arranged at the outlet end of the coil heat exchanger, and a fourth temperature sensor is arranged near the air outlet;
    所述控制单元与所述第一温度传感器、压力传感器、液位传感器、第二温度传感器、第三温度传感器和第四温度传感器通信连通。The control unit communicates with the first temperature sensor, the pressure sensor, the liquid level sensor, the second temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor, and the fourth temperature sensor.
  4. 如权利要求3所述的一种LNG空调制冷系统，其特征在于：The LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system according to claim 3, characterized in that:
    所述蓄冷管路入口管上设置有第一电磁调节阀，所述第一电磁调节阀位于所述第二手动截止阀与上换热器的进口端之间；A first solenoid regulating valve is provided on the inlet pipe of the cold storage pipeline, and the first solenoid regulating valve is located between the second manual stop valve and the inlet end of the upper heat exchanger;
    所述主介质管路上设置有第二电磁调节阀，所述第二电磁调节阀位于所述蓄冷管路出口管与主介质管路的连接处和所述蓄冷管路入口管与主介质管路的连接处之间；A second electromagnetic regulating valve is provided on the main medium pipeline, and the second electromagnetic regulating valve is located at the junction of the outlet pipe of the cold storage pipeline and the main medium pipeline and the inlet pipe of the cold storage pipeline and the main medium pipeline Between the connections;
    所述控制单元与所述第一电磁调节阀和第二电磁调节阀控制连接；The control unit is in control connection with the first solenoid regulating valve and the second solenoid regulating valve;
    所述循环泵的进口端连接的管路上设置有第三手动截止阀，所述循环泵的出口端连接的管路上设置有第四手动截止阀。The pipeline connected to the inlet end of the circulating pump is provided with a third manual shut-off valve, and the pipeline connected to the outlet end of the circulating pump is provided with a fourth manual shut-off valve.
  5. 如权利要求4所述的一种LNG空调制冷系统，其特征在于：The LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system according to claim 4, characterized in that:
    还包括载冷剂缓冲罐，所述载冷剂缓冲罐位于所述第三手动截止阀和盘管换热器的出口端之间。It also includes a refrigerant buffer tank, which is located between the third manual shut-off valve and the outlet end of the coil heat exchanger.
PCT/CN2020/132218 2019-12-12 2020-11-27 Lng air conditioning refrigeration system WO2021115137A1 (en)

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