WO2021114528A1 - 一种止转止脱垫、紧固连接机构及紧固方法 - Google Patents

一种止转止脱垫、紧固连接机构及紧固方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021114528A1
WO2021114528A1 PCT/CN2020/083941 CN2020083941W WO2021114528A1 WO 2021114528 A1 WO2021114528 A1 WO 2021114528A1 CN 2020083941 W CN2020083941 W CN 2020083941W WO 2021114528 A1 WO2021114528 A1 WO 2021114528A1
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Prior art keywords
rotation
pad
stopping
sleeve
protrusion
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PCT/CN2020/083941
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨东佐
Original Assignee
杨东佐
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 杨东佐 filed Critical 杨东佐
Priority to JP2022535777A priority Critical patent/JP2023517789A/ja
Priority to US17/768,593 priority patent/US20240110590A1/en
Priority to EP20900596.6A priority patent/EP4074993A4/en
Publication of WO2021114528A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021114528A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
    • F16B39/02—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place after screwing down
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
    • F16B39/02—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place after screwing down
    • F16B39/10—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place after screwing down by a plate, spring, wire or ring immovable with regard to the bolt or object and mainly perpendicular to the axis of the bolt
    • F16B39/108—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place after screwing down by a plate, spring, wire or ring immovable with regard to the bolt or object and mainly perpendicular to the axis of the bolt with a locking washer under the nut or bolt head having at least one tongue or lug folded against the nut or bolt head, or against the object itself
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
    • F16B13/04—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front
    • F16B13/06—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve
    • F16B13/063—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve by the use of an expander
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B35/00—Screw-bolts; Stay-bolts; Screw-threaded studs; Screws; Set screws
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
    • F16B39/02—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place after screwing down
    • F16B39/10—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place after screwing down by a plate, spring, wire or ring immovable with regard to the bolt or object and mainly perpendicular to the axis of the bolt
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
    • F16B5/02—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of fastening members using screw-thread

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of connection and fastening, in particular to an anti-rotation and anti-dropping pad, a fastening connection mechanism and a fastening method.
  • the Chinese invention patent application with the patent application number CN201610777306.7 discloses a fastening connection assembly, fastening connection structure, and track structure.
  • the anti-rotation sleeve is provided with the anti-rotation sleeve and the anti-rotation convex part of the anti-rotation sleeve.
  • the attached body is provided with an attached body anti-rotation convex portion, through the relative resistance of the anti-rotation sleeve anti-rotation convex portion and the attached body anti-rotation convex portion, so as to realize the anti-rotation of the anti-rotation sleeve relative to the attached body, because the anti-rotation sleeve is a relative bolt or The rotation of the nut is prevented, and the rotation of the bolt or nut relative to the attached body is realized. Finally, the anti-rotation sleeve is resisted by the anti-nut to prevent it from falling out along the axial direction of the bolt or the nut.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an anti-rotation anti-dropping pad, a fastening connection mechanism and a fastening method which can effectively solve the above-mentioned problems, and has the characteristics of anti-rotation and anti-dropping, convenient operation and simple structure.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • An anti-rotation and anti-dropping pad includes a pad body and a through hole provided on the pad body, and also includes a protrusion that blocks the fastener assembly from extending in the circumferential direction to prevent the fastener assembly from being relative to
  • the anti-rotation part of the anti-rotation and anti-drop pad rotation and the anti-drop part which is provided on the side of the protrusion body away from the pad body when the anti-rotation portion blocks the protrusion body and prevents the protrusion body from moving to the side away from the pad body.
  • the anti-rotation portion is a first anti-rotation protrusion protrudingly provided on one side of the pad body
  • the anti-dropping portion is an anti-dropping block provided on the side of the first anti-rotation protrusion away from the pad body.
  • the anti-rotation portion is an arc-shaped anti-rotation groove opened on the cushion body, the groove wall at one end of the arc-shaped anti-rotation groove forms a anti-rotation wall, and the arc center of the anti-rotation groove is connected to the through hole.
  • the centers are concentric.
  • the anti-drop part is an anti-drop block provided on the side of the anti-rotation wall away from the cushion body, and one end of the anti-rotation groove away from the anti-rotation wall forms a protrusion for the fastener assembly to be inserted into Put into the end.
  • the anti-rotation anti-dropping pad further includes a second anti-rotation pad which is protrudingly provided on the side surface of the pad body close to the connected piece and used to be inserted into the concave hole on the surface of the connected piece to prevent rotation with the connected piece. Bump.
  • the cushion body, the anti-rotation part and the anti-drop part are integrally formed.
  • a fastening connection mechanism comprising a fastener assembly and a non-rotation and anti-off pad.
  • the fastener assembly includes a fastener and an anti-rotation sleeve sleeved on the fastener.
  • the anti-rotation sleeve is A protruding body is protrudingly provided on the outer circumference, an outer rotation stop part is provided on the outer circumference of the fastener, the rotation stop sleeve includes a sleeve hole, and an inner rotation stop matching the outer rotation stop part is provided on the inner wall of the sleeve hole
  • the anti-rotation and anti-dropping pad includes a pad body, a through hole provided on the pad body, and a protrusion that blocks the fastener assembly from extending in the circumferential direction to prevent the fastener assembly from being relative to the stopper.
  • the rotation stop part of the rotation stop pad and the stop part which is arranged on the side of the protrusion body away from the pad
  • the fastener is an outer hexagonal bolt
  • the outer hexagonal bolt includes a head and a shank
  • the outer peripheral wall of the head of the outer hexagonal bolt forms the outer rotation stop part
  • the fastener is a hexagon socket bolt
  • the hexagon socket bolt includes a head and a stem
  • the outer rotation stop part is an outer rotation stop groove provided on the outer periphery of the head of the hexagon socket bolt
  • the The outer anti-rotation groove is a number of trapezoidal grooves arranged in an array along the outer circumference of the head of the hexagon socket bolt
  • the wrench includes a handle and a locking sleeve arranged at one end of the handle, and the inner wall of the locking sleeve is provided with several trapezoidal grooves. Trapezoidal convex body with groove matching.
  • the fastener is a hexagonal nut, and an outer peripheral wall of the hexagonal nut forms the outer rotation stop portion.
  • the anti-rotation portion is a first anti-rotation protrusion protrudingly provided on the side of the cushion body away from the connected part
  • the anti-dropping portion is an anti-dropping protrusion provided on the side of the first anti-rotation protrusion away from the pad body.
  • a protruding body accommodating area is formed between the first anti-rotation bump, the anti-dropping block, and the cushion body, and the pad body, the first anti-rotation convex block and the anti-dropping block are integrally formed.
  • the anti-rotation anti-dropping pad further includes a second anti-rotation pad which is protrudingly provided on the side surface of the pad body close to the connected piece and used to be inserted into the concave hole on the surface of the connected piece to prevent rotation with the connected piece. Bump.
  • a fastening method includes the following steps:
  • the bolts pass through the anti-rotation and anti-dropping pads and the through holes on the two connected parts and are locked by nuts; or the bolts pass through the anti-rotation and anti-dropping pads and the through holes on the first connected piece in sequence and are Threaded connection on the threaded hole on the second connected part;
  • a fastening method includes the following steps:
  • the bolts pass through the two connected parts, the anti-rotation and anti-disengagement pads, and lock the two connected parts by nuts; or the expansion end of the expansion bolt is set in the blind hole of the first connected part, The threaded end passes through the second connected piece, the anti-rotation and anti-off pad in turn, and the two connected pieces are locked by a nut;
  • the anti-rotation and anti-loosening pad has the functions of anti-rotation and anti-loosening and can prevent the anti-rotation sleeve from coming out.
  • the fastening connection mechanism of the present invention is used to lock the two connected parts, and the connection and anti-loosening effect is good.
  • the locking bolt is loosened to a certain angle in the loosening direction to prevent the bolt head from being stressed.
  • This method is widely used in the locking of the wheel hub. After the bolt is tightened, loosen it again. The angle pre-tightening force is reduced.
  • the bolt is in the elastic deformation limit after tightening, especially in the case of high temperature and full vibration load.
  • the long-term continuous pressure of the bolt will produce the ultimate creep, and the bolt limit After creep causes plastic deformation to form a fixed condition, its fastening strength will drop significantly or even fail. Retracting half a circle is to reduce the limit elastic deformation, keep the bolt in the normal elastic deformation range, and reduce the pre-tightening stress. After the bolt is in the state of continuous pressure tightening, the probability of extreme plastic deformation and failure is greatly reduced, so that the bolt can be Maintain a continuous high-strength tightening pressure.
  • the above-mentioned conventional fastening methods are cleverly combined here.
  • the bolts or nuts are locked, the bolts or nuts are reversely loosened, and the protruding body of the anti-rotation sleeve is prevented from rotating by the anti-rotation pad. Therefore, the rotation of the bolt or the nut relative to the anti-rotation and anti-dropping part can be realized, and the anti-rotation sleeve can be prevented from coming off the bolt or the nut, and the functions of anti-rotation and anti-dropping can be achieved at the same time.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 3 is an exploded schematic diagram of the second embodiment.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the third embodiment.
  • Fig. 5 is an exploded schematic diagram of the third embodiment.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the fourth embodiment.
  • Fig. 7 is an exploded schematic diagram of the fourth embodiment.
  • Fig. 8 is an exploded schematic diagram of the fifth embodiment.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a second anti-rotation protrusion.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sixth embodiment.
  • a fastening connection mechanism includes a fastener assembly and an anti-rotation and anti-off pad 1.
  • the fastener assembly includes a fastener and an anti-rotation sleeve sleeved on the fastener 2.
  • the outer circumference of the fastener is provided with an outer anti-rotation part 9, the anti-rotation sleeve 2 includes a sleeve hole 3, and the inner wall of the sleeve hole 3 is provided with an inner anti-rotation body 4 matching the outer anti-rotation portion 9, and an anti-rotation sleeve 2
  • a protruding body 5 is protrudingly provided on the outer periphery of the anti-rotation and anti-dropping pad 1 includes a pad body 6, a through hole 7 provided on the pad body 6, and a protruding body that blocks the fastener assembly in the circumferential direction.
  • the rotation stop portion that prevents the fastener assembly from rotating relative to the rotation stop and release pad 1 and when the rotation stop portion blocks the projection 5, it is provided on the side of the projection 5 away from the cushion body 6 and prevents the projection 5 An anti-drop part that moves to the side away from the cushion body 6.
  • the fastener is an outer hexagonal bolt 7.
  • the outer hexagonal bolt 7 passes through the anti-rotation and anti-disengagement pad 1, the through hole on the first connected part 8 and connects to the second connected part 8.
  • the threaded holes are screwed together, the clockwise direction of the outer hexagonal bolt 7 is the tightening direction, and the outer rotation stop 9 is the hexagonal outer wall of the bolt head.
  • the structure of the anti-rotation and anti-dropping pad 1 is as follows.
  • the anti-rotation portion is a first anti-rotation protrusion 10 protrudingly provided on the side of the pad body 6 away from the connected piece 8, and the anti-dropping portion is provided on the first anti-rotation protrusion 10 away from the
  • the anti-dropping block 11 on one side of the cushion body 6 is provided on the clockwise side of the first rotation-stop bump 10, and the cushion body 6, the first rotation-stop bump 10 and the anti-fall-off block 11 are stamped The way is formed in one piece.
  • the contact area between the anti-rotation and anti-drop pad 1 and the surface of the connected part 8 is greater than the contact area between the head of the outer hexagonal bolt 7 and the anti-rotation anti-drop pad 1, so the outer hexagonal bolt 7 and the anti-rotation
  • the anti-loosening pad 1 is easier to loosen than between the anti-rotating anti-loosening pad 1 and the connected piece 8.
  • the first anti-rotating protrusion 10 provided on the anti-rotating anti-loosening pad 1 can realize the external hexagonal screw and the anti-rotation
  • the relative anti-rotation of the anti-off pad 1 increases the anti-rotation effect of the fastening and connecting mechanism.
  • the first anti-rotation protrusion 10 and the anti-dropping block 11 are restricted, so that the rotation of the bolt relative to the anti-rotation and anti-dropping pad 1 can be achieved, and the anti-rotation sleeve 2 can be prevented from falling off the bolt, and the functions of anti-rotation and anti-dropping can be achieved at the same time.
  • a fastening connection mechanism includes a fastener assembly and a non-rotation and anti-off pad 1.
  • the fastener assembly includes a fastener and an anti-rotation sleeve 2 sleeved on the fastener.
  • the outer circumference of the fastener is provided with an outer anti-rotation part 9.
  • the anti-rotation sleeve 2 includes a sleeve hole 3.
  • the inner wall of the sleeve hole 3 is provided with an inner anti-rotation body 4 that matches the outer anti-rotation portion 9.
  • the outer circumference of the anti-rotation sleeve 2 A protruding body 5 is protrudingly provided.
  • the anti-rotation and anti-dropping pad 1 includes a pad body 6, a through hole 7 provided on the pad body 6, and a protruding body 5 that blocks the extension of the fastener assembly in the circumferential direction.
  • the anti-rotation part that prevents the fastener assembly from rotating relative to the anti-rotation and anti-off pad 1 and when the anti-rotation part blocks the protrusion 5, is provided on the side of the protrusion 5 away from the cushion body 6 and prevents the protrusion 5 from moving away The anti-drop part that moves on one side of the cushion body 6.
  • the fastener is a hexagonal nut 12.
  • the bolt passes through the two connected parts 8, the anti-rotation and anti-disengagement pad 1, and the two connected parts 8 are locked by the hexagonal nut 12; the hexagonal nut 12 rotates clockwise
  • the outer rotation stop 9 is the hexagonal outer wall of the hexagonal nut 12.
  • the structure of the anti-rotation and anti-dropping pad 1 is as follows.
  • the anti-rotation portion is a first anti-rotation protrusion 10 protrudingly provided on the side of the pad body 6 away from the connected piece 8, and the anti-dropping portion is provided on the first anti-rotation protrusion 10 away from the
  • the anti-dropping block 11 on one side of the cushion body 6 is provided on the clockwise side of the first anti-rotation bump.
  • the cushion body 6, the first anti-rotation bump 10 and the anti-dropping block 11 are stamped One piece.
  • the first anti-rotation bump 10 provided on the anti-rotation and anti-off pad 1 can realize the hexagon nut 12 and the anti-rotation and anti-off pad 1 Relative anti-rotation, increase the anti-rotation effect of the fastening connection mechanism.
  • the lock nut is loosened to a certain angle in the loosening direction to prevent the interaction force between the hexagonal nut 12 and the shank of the bolt from being too large to break the shank of the bolt.
  • the invention adopts The above-mentioned conventional fastening method is cleverly combined here.
  • the nut After the nut is locked, the nut is reversely loosened, and the protruding body 5 of the anti-rotation sleeve 2 is prevented from rotating by the first anti-rotation and anti-off pad 1
  • the protrusion 10 and the anti-dropping block 11 are restricted, so that the rotation of the hexagonal nut 12 relative to the anti-rotation and anti-dropping pad 1 can be realized, and the anti-rotation sleeve 2 can be prevented from falling out of the nut, and at the same time, the functions of anti-rotation and anti-dropping can be achieved.
  • the fastener in the third embodiment is the hexagon socket bolt 13
  • the outer rotation stop 9 is a circle along the head of the hexagon socket bolt 13.
  • trapezoidal grooves 14 distributed in an array on the outer circumference.
  • the inner wall of the sleeve hole 3 of the anti-rotation sleeve 2 is provided with a trapezoidal inner anti-rotation body 4, and the inner anti-rotation body 4 is inserted into the trapezoidal groove 14, and the anti-rotation sleeve 2 is opposite to the inner hexagon
  • the bolt 13 stops rotating.
  • a special wrench 15 can be used to set the head of the hexagon socket bolt 13 to rotate the hexagon socket bolt 13, or a conventional hexagon wrench 15 can be used to rotate the hexagon socket bolt 13.
  • the special wrench 15 includes The handle 16 and the locking sleeve 17 provided at one end of the handle 16 are provided with a plurality of trapezoidal protrusions 18 on the inner wall of the locking sleeve 17 which are matched with the trapezoidal grooves 14.
  • a fastening connection mechanism includes a fastener assembly and an anti-rotation and anti-off pad 1.
  • the fastener assembly includes a fastener and an anti-rotation sleeve sleeved on the fastener 2.
  • the outer circumference of the fastener is provided with an outer anti-rotation part 9, the anti-rotation sleeve 2 includes a sleeve hole 3, and the inner wall of the sleeve hole 3 is provided with an inner anti-rotation body 4 matching the outer anti-rotation portion 9, and an anti-rotation sleeve 2
  • a protruding body 5 is protrudingly provided on the outer periphery of the anti-rotation and anti-dropping pad 1 includes a pad body 6, a through hole 7 provided on the pad body 6, and a protruding body that blocks the fastener assembly in the circumferential direction.
  • the rotation stop portion that prevents the fastener assembly from rotating relative to the rotation stop and release pad 1 and when the rotation stop portion blocks the projection 5, it is provided on the side of the projection 5 away from the cushion body 6 and prevents the projection 5 An anti-drop part that moves to the side away from the cushion body 6.
  • the fastener is an outer hexagonal bolt 7.
  • the outer hexagonal bolt 7 passes through the anti-rotation and anti-disengagement pad 1, the through hole on the first connected part 8 and connects to the second connected part 8.
  • the threaded holes are screwed together, the clockwise direction of the outer hexagonal bolt 7 is the tightening direction, and the outer rotation stop 9 is the hexagonal outer wall of the bolt head.
  • the structure of the anti-rotation anti-dropping pad 1 is as follows.
  • the anti-rotation part is an arc-shaped anti-rotation groove 19 opened on the cushion body 6.
  • the groove wall at one end of the arc-shaped anti-rotation groove 19 forms the anti-rotation wall 20.
  • the center of the arc is concentric with the center of the through hole 7.
  • the anti-falling part is an anti-falling block 11 provided on the side of the anti-rotation wall 20 away from the cushion body 6.
  • the anti-rotation groove 19 is formed at one end away from the anti-rotation wall 20 for the insertion of the protrusion 5 of the fastener assembly.
  • the anti-falling block 11 and the cushion body 6 are integrally stamped and formed.
  • the fifth embodiment is actually a combination of the first and second embodiments, that is, the fastening combination of the outer hexagonal bolt 7 and the hexagonal nut 12 is adopted, and both ends are provided with anti-rotation anti-drop pads 1 and anti-rotation Sleeve 2, to achieve the effect of stopping rotation and stopping at both ends.
  • Embodiment 6 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 6
  • the difference between the sixth embodiment and the second embodiment is that it uses expansion bolts 25.
  • the expansion end of the expansion bolt 25 is set in the blind hole of the first connected part, and the threaded end of the expansion bolt 25 passes through the second connected part, the anti-rotation and anti-off pad 1, and connects the two through the hexagonal nut. Are locked by the connecting piece;

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Bolts, Nuts, And Washers (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Dowels (AREA)

Abstract

一种紧固连接机构，包括紧固件组合体和止转止脱垫(1)，紧固件组合体包括紧固件和套设在紧固件上的止转套(2)，紧固件的外周设有外止转部(9)，止转套的外周凸设有凸出体(5)，止转套包括套孔(3)，套孔的内壁上设有与外止转部匹配的内止转体(4)，止转止脱垫包括垫体(6)、设在垫体上的通孔(7)、通过在周向方向上阻挡紧固件组合体伸出的凸出体进而阻止紧固件组合体相对于止转止脱垫旋转的止转部(10，19)，以及在止转部挡住凸出体时设于止转部远离垫体一侧并阻止凸出体向远离垫体一侧移动的防脱部(11)。利用该紧固连接机构来锁紧两被连接件，连接紧固、防松效果好。还涉及一种止转止脱垫，该止转止脱垫具有止转防松并能防止止转套脱出的功能。还涉及相关紧固方法。

Description

一种止转止脱垫、紧固连接机构及紧固方法 技术领域
本发明涉及连接紧固技术领域，尤其是一种止转止脱垫、紧固连接机构及紧固方法。
背景技术
专利申请号为CN201610777306.7的中国发明专利申请，公开了一种紧固连接组件及紧固连接结构、轨道结构，其通过设置止转套，止转套带止转套止转凸部，在附体上设置附体止转凸部，通过止转套止转凸部和附体止转凸部的相对抵挡，进而实现止转套相对附体的止转，因为止转套是相对螺栓或螺母止转的，进而实现了螺栓或螺母相对于附体的止转，最后通过抵挡螺母来抵挡止转套，避免其沿螺栓或螺母的轴向脱出。
但是，上述技术方案存在以下问题：
(1)需要在附体上加工出附体止转凸部，加工较为麻烦，且在某些附体上不宜加工附体止转凸部；
(2)止转套的止脱，需要另外添加抵挡螺母或其他抵挡零件。
因此，需要改进。
发明内容
本发明目的是提供一种能有效解决上述问题的止转止脱垫、紧固连接机构及紧固方法，具有止转止脱，操作方便以及结构简单的特点。为达到上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种止转止脱垫，包括垫体和设在垫体上的通孔，还包括通过在周向方向上阻挡紧固件组合体伸出的凸出体进而阻止紧固件组合体相对于止转止脱垫旋转的止转部以及在止转部挡住凸出体时设于凸出体远离垫体一侧并阻止凸出体向远离垫体一侧移动的防脱部。
进一步的，所述止转部为凸设在垫体一侧的第一止转凸块，所述防脱部为设在第一止转凸块远离垫体一侧的防脱块。
进一步的，所述止转部为开设在垫体上的弧状的止转槽，所述弧状的止转槽的一端的槽壁形成止转壁，所述止转槽的弧心与通孔的圆心同心。
进一步的，所述防脱部为设在所述止转壁远离垫体一侧的防脱块，所述止转槽远离止转壁一端形成用于紧固件组合体的凸出体放入的放入端。
进一步的，所述止转止脱垫还包括凸设在垫体靠近被连接件的侧面上并用于插入到被连接件表面上的凹孔中进而与被连接件相互止转的第二止转凸块。
进一步的，所述垫体、止转部以及防脱部一体成型。
一种紧固连接机构，包括紧固件组合体和止转止脱垫，所述紧固件组合体包括紧固件和套设在紧固件上的止转套，所述止转套的外周凸设有凸出体，所述紧固件的外周设有外止转部，所述止转套包括套孔，所述套孔的内壁上设有与外止转部匹配的内止转体，所述止转止脱垫包括垫体、设在垫体上的通孔、通过在周向方向上阻挡紧固件组合体伸出的凸出体进而阻止紧固件组合体相对于止转止脱垫旋转的止转部以及在止转部挡住凸出体时设于凸出体远离垫体一侧并阻止凸出体向远离垫体一侧移动的防脱部。
进一步的，所述紧固件为外六角螺栓，所述外六角螺栓包括头部和杆部，所述外六角螺栓的头部的外周壁形成所述外止转部。
进一步的，所述紧固件为内六角螺栓，所述内六角螺栓包括头部和杆部，所述外止转部为设在内六角螺栓的头部外周的外止转凹槽，所述外止转凹槽为沿内六角螺栓的头部的圆外周阵列分布的若干梯形槽；所述扳手包括把手和设在把手一端的锁紧套，所述锁紧套的内壁设有若干与梯形槽配合的梯形凸体。
进一步的，所述紧固件为六角螺母，所述六角螺母的外周壁形成所述外止转部。
进一步的，所述止转部为凸设在垫体远离被连接件一侧的第一止转凸块，所述防脱部为设在第一止转凸块远离垫体一侧的防脱块，所述第一止转凸块、防脱块以及垫体之间形成凸出体容纳区，所述垫体、第一止转凸块以及防脱块一体成型。
进一步的，所述止转止脱垫还包括凸设在垫体靠近被连接件的侧面上并用于插入到被连接件表面上的凹孔中进而与被连接件相互止转的第二止转凸块。
一种紧固方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)螺栓依次穿过止转止脱垫、两被连接件上的通孔并通过螺母锁紧；或螺栓依次穿过止转止脱垫、第一个被连接件上的通孔并与第二个被连接件上的螺纹孔螺纹连接；
(2)在螺栓的头部套上与螺栓的头部相对止转的止转套，然后往旋松方向旋转螺栓直到止转套的凸出体被位于凸出体旋松方向一侧的止转止脱垫上的止转部抵挡，此时凸出体远离被连接件一侧被止转止脱垫的防脱部限制从而防止止转套从螺栓的头部脱出。
一种紧固方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)螺栓依次穿过两被连接件、止转止脱垫并通过螺母将两被连接件锁紧；或膨胀螺栓的膨胀端设在第一个被连接件的盲孔中，膨胀螺栓的螺纹端依次穿过第二个被连接件、止转止脱垫并通过螺母将两个被连接件锁紧；
(2)在螺母的外周套上与螺母相对止转的止转套，然后往旋松方向旋转螺母直到止转套的 凸出体被位于凸出体旋松方向一侧的止转止脱垫上的止转部抵挡，此时凸出体远离被连接件一侧被止转止脱垫的防脱部限制从而防止止转套从螺母上脱出。
采用上述方案，止转止脱垫具有止转防松并能防止止转套脱出的功能，利用本发明中的紧固连接机构来锁紧两被连接件，连接紧固、防松效果好。
在常规的紧固方法中，锁紧螺栓后向旋松方向旋松一定角度，用以防止螺栓头部应力较大，该方法在轮毂的锁紧中应用广泛。螺栓旋紧后再旋松一下角度预紧力减少一些，螺栓在拧紧后处于弹性形变极限中，尤其是在高温和震动载荷满载的情况下，长期这样持续压力螺栓会产生极限蠕变，螺栓极限蠕变导致塑性变形成固定状况后，其紧固强度会大幅下降甚至失效。退回半圈是让极限弹性形变减少一些，让螺栓处于正常的弹性形变范围内，减少预紧应力，以后螺栓在持续压力紧固状态中，产生极限塑性形变和失效的几率大幅降低，使螺栓能保持持续高强度的紧固压力。
采用本发明中的紧固方法，巧妙的将上述常规紧固方法结合到此处来，螺栓或螺母锁紧后反向旋松，止转套的凸出体被止转止脱垫上的止转部和防脱部限制，因此能实现螺栓或螺母相对于止转止脱垫的止转以及避免止转套从螺栓或螺母上脱出，同时达到止转和防脱的功能。
附图说明
图1为实施例一的装配示意图。
图2为实施例一的分解示意图。
图3为实施例二的分解示意图。
图4为实施例三的装配示意图。
图5为实施例三的分解示意图。
图6为实施例四的装配示意图。
图7为实施例四的分解示意图。
图8为实施例五的分解示意图。
图9为第二止转凸块的示意图。
图10为实施例六的剖面示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合说明书附图和具体实施例，对本发明进行说明：
实施例一：
如图1、2所示，一种紧固连接机构，包括紧固件组合体和止转止脱垫1，紧固件组合体包 括紧固件和套设在紧固件上的止转套2，紧固件的外周设有外止转部9，止转套2包括套孔3，套孔3的内壁上设有与外止转部9匹配的内止转体4，止转套2的外周凸设有凸出体5，止转止脱垫1包括垫体6、设在垫体6上的通孔7、通过在周向方向上阻挡紧固件组合体伸出的凸出体5进而阻止紧固件组合体相对于止转止脱垫1旋转的止转部以及在止转部挡住凸出体5时设于凸出体5远离垫体6一侧并阻止凸出体5向远离垫体6一侧移动的防脱部。
在本实施例中，紧固件为外六角螺栓7，外六角螺栓7依次穿过止转止脱垫1、第一个被连接件8上的通孔并与第二个被连接件8上的螺纹孔螺纹连接，外六角螺栓7顺时针方向为旋紧方向，外止转部9为螺栓头部的六角形外壁。
止转止脱垫1的结构如下，止转部为凸设在垫体6远离被连接件8一侧的第一止转凸块10，防脱部为设在第一止转凸块10远离垫体6一侧的防脱块11，且防脱块11设在第一止转凸块10顺时针方向一侧，垫体6、第一止转凸块10以及防脱块11采用冲压的方式一体成型。
采用本实施例的紧固方法为：
(1)外六角螺栓7依次穿过止转止脱垫1、第一个被连接件8上的通孔并与第二个被连接件8上的螺纹孔螺纹连接；
(2)在外六角螺栓7的头部套上与外六角螺栓7的头部相对止转的止转套2，然后往逆时针方向旋转外六角螺栓7直到止转套2的凸出体5被位于凸出体5旋松方向一侧的止转止脱垫1上的第一止转凸块10抵挡，此时凸出体5远离被连接件8一侧被止转止脱垫1的防脱块11限制从而防止止转套2从外六角螺栓7的头部脱出。
采用上述方案及紧固方法，因为止转止脱垫1与被连接件8表面的接触面积大于外六角螺栓7头部与止转止脱垫1的接触面积，所以外六角螺栓7与止转止脱垫1之间相对于止转止脱垫1与被连接件8之间更加容易松动，止转止脱垫1上设置的第一止转凸块10，能够实现外六角螺丝与止转止脱垫1的相对止转，增加紧固连接机构的止转效果。
在常规的紧固方法中，锁紧外六角螺栓7后向旋松方向旋松一定角度，用以防止外六角螺栓7头部应力较大，该方法在轮毂的锁紧中应用广泛。采用本发明中的紧固方法，巧妙的将上述常规紧固方法结合到此处来，螺栓锁紧后反向旋松，止转套2的凸出体5被止转止脱垫1上的第一止转凸块10和防脱块11限制，因此能实现螺栓相对于止转止脱垫1的止转以及避免止转套2从螺栓上脱出，同时达到止转和防脱的功能。
实施例二：
如图3所示，一种紧固连接机构，包括紧固件组合体和止转止脱垫1，紧固件组合体包括紧 固件和套设在紧固件上的止转套2，紧固件的外周设有外止转部9，止转套2包括套孔3，套孔3的内壁上设有与外止转部9匹配的内止转体4，止转套2的外周凸设有凸出体5，止转止脱垫1包括垫体6、设在垫体6上的通孔7、通过在周向方向上阻挡紧固件组合体伸出的凸出体5进而阻止紧固件组合体相对于止转止脱垫1旋转的止转部以及在止转部挡住凸出体5时设于凸出体5远离垫体6一侧并阻止凸出体5向远离垫体6一侧移动的防脱部。
在本实施例中，紧固件为六角螺母12，螺栓依次穿过两被连接件8、止转止脱垫1并通过六角螺母12将两被连接件8锁紧；六角螺母12顺时针方向为旋紧方向，外止转部9为六角螺母12的六角形外壁。
止转止脱垫1的结构如下，止转部为凸设在垫体6远离被连接件8一侧的第一止转凸块10，防脱部为设在第一止转凸块10远离垫体6一侧的防脱块11，且防脱块11设在第一止转凸块顺时针方向一侧，垫体6、第一止转凸块10以及防脱块11采用冲压的方式一体成型。
采用本实施例的紧固方法为：
(1)螺栓依次穿过两被连接件8、止转止脱垫1并通过六角螺母12将两被连接件8锁紧；
(2)在六角螺母12的外周套上与六角螺母12相对止转的止转套2，然后往旋松方向旋转六角螺母12直到止转套2的凸出体5被位于凸出体5旋松方向一侧的止转止脱垫1上的第一止转凸块10抵挡，此时凸出体5远离被连接件8一侧被止转止脱垫1的防脱块11限制从而防止止转套2从六角螺母12上脱出。
采用上述方案及紧固方法，因为止转止脱垫1与被连接件8表面的接触面积大于六角螺母12与止转止脱垫1的接触面积，所以六角螺母12与止转止脱垫1之间相对于止转止脱垫1与被连接件8之间更加容易松动，止转止脱垫1上设置的第一止转凸块10，能够实现六角螺母12与止转止脱垫1的相对止转，增加紧固连接机构的止转效果。
在常规的紧固方法中，锁紧螺母后向旋松方向旋松一定角度，用以防止六角螺母12与螺栓的杆部之间相互作用力较大而拉断螺栓杆部，采用本发明中的紧固方法，巧妙的将上述常规紧固方法结合到此处来，螺母锁紧后反向旋松，止转套2的凸出体5被止转止脱垫1上的第一止转凸块10和防脱块11限制，因此能实现六角螺母12相对于止转止脱垫1的止转以及避免止转套2从螺母上脱出，同时达到止转和防脱的功能。
实施例三：
如图4、5所示，实施例三与实施例一的不同之处为：实施例三中紧固件为内六角螺栓13，外止转部9为沿内六角螺栓13的头部的圆外周阵列分布的若干梯形槽14，对应的，止转套 2套孔3的内壁上设有梯形的内止转体4，内止转体4插入梯形槽14中，止转套2相对内六角螺栓13止转。
采用该优选的实施例，可以用特制的扳手15，套在内六角螺栓13的头部来旋转内六角螺栓13，也可以用常规的六角扳手15来旋转内六角螺栓13，特制的扳手15包括把手16和设在把手16一端的锁紧套17，锁紧套17的内壁设有若干与梯形槽14配合的梯形凸体18。
实施例四：
如图6、7所示，一种紧固连接机构，包括紧固件组合体和止转止脱垫1，紧固件组合体包括紧固件和套设在紧固件上的止转套2，紧固件的外周设有外止转部9，止转套2包括套孔3，套孔3的内壁上设有与外止转部9匹配的内止转体4，止转套2的外周凸设有凸出体5，止转止脱垫1包括垫体6、设在垫体6上的通孔7、通过在周向方向上阻挡紧固件组合体伸出的凸出体5进而阻止紧固件组合体相对于止转止脱垫1旋转的止转部以及在止转部挡住凸出体5时设于凸出体5远离垫体6一侧并阻止凸出体5向远离垫体6一侧移动的防脱部。
在本实施例中，紧固件为外六角螺栓7，外六角螺栓7依次穿过止转止脱垫1、第一个被连接件8上的通孔并与第二个被连接件8上的螺纹孔螺纹连接，外六角螺栓7顺时针方向为旋紧方向，外止转部9为螺栓头部的六角形外壁。
止转止脱垫1的结构如下，止转部为开设在垫体6上的弧状的止转槽19，弧状的止转槽19的一端的槽壁形成止转壁20，止转槽19的弧心与通孔7的圆心同心。防脱部为设在止转壁20远离垫体6一侧的防脱块11，止转槽19远离止转壁20一端形成用于紧固件组合体的凸出体5放入的放入端21，防脱块11与垫体6一体冲压成型。
采用本实施例的紧固方法为：
(1)外六角螺栓7依次穿过止转止脱垫1、第一个被连接件8上的通孔并与第二个被连接件8上的螺纹孔螺纹连接；
(2)在外六角螺栓7的头部套上与外六角螺栓7的头部相对止转的止转套2，此时止转套2的凸出体5伸入到止转止脱垫1的止转槽19中，然后往逆时针方向旋转外六角螺栓7直到止转套2的凸出体5被位于凸出体5旋松方向一侧的止转壁20抵挡，此时凸出体5远离被连接件8一侧被止转止脱垫1的防脱块11限制从而防止止转套2从外六角螺栓7的头部脱出。
实施例五：
如图8所示，实施例五实际上是实施例一和实施例二的结合，即采用外六角螺栓7加六角螺母12的紧固组合，两端都设置止转止脱垫1和止转套2，达到两端止转止脱的效果。
在上述实施例一到实施例五任一实施例的基础上，作为一种改进，如图2、9所示，止转止脱垫1还包括凸设在垫体6靠近被连接件8的侧面上并用于插入到被连接件8表面上的凹孔22中进而与被连接件8相互止转的第二止转凸块23。采用该优选的方案，止转止脱垫1通过第二止转凸块23相对被连接件8止转，进一步增加止转防松效果。
实施例六：
如图10所示，实施例六与实施例二的区别在于其采用的是膨胀螺栓25，
采用本实施例的紧固方法为：
(1)膨胀螺栓25的膨胀端设在第一个被连接件的盲孔中，膨胀螺栓25的螺纹端依次穿过第二个被连接件、止转止脱垫1并通过六角螺母将两个被连接件锁紧；
(2)在六角螺母12的外周套上与六角螺母12相对止转的止转套2，然后往旋松方向旋转六角螺母12直到止转套2的凸出体5被位于凸出体5旋松方向一侧的止转止脱垫1上的第一止转凸块10抵挡，此时凸出体5远离被连接件8一侧被止转止脱垫1的防脱块11限制从而防止止转套2从六角螺母12上脱出。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改、组合和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原理之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的权利要求范围之内。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种止转止脱垫，包括垫体和设在垫体上的通孔，其特征在于：还包括通过在周向方向上阻挡紧固件组合体伸出的凸出体进而阻止紧固件组合体相对于止转止脱垫旋转的止转部以及在止转部挡住凸出体时设于凸出体远离垫体一侧并阻止凸出体向远离垫体一侧移动的防脱部。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的止转止脱垫，其特征在于：所述止转部为凸设在垫体一侧的第一止转凸块，所述防脱部为设在第一止转凸块远离垫体一侧的防脱块。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的止转止脱垫，其特征在于：所述止转部为开设在垫体上的弧状的止转槽，所述弧状的止转槽的一端的槽壁形成止转壁，所述止转槽的弧心与通孔的圆心同心。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的止转止脱垫，其特征在于：所述防脱部为设在所述止转壁远离垫体一侧的防脱块，所述止转槽远离止转壁一端形成用于紧固件组合体的凸出体放入的放入端。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的止转止脱垫，其特征在于：所述止转止脱垫还包括凸设在垫体靠近被连接件的侧面上并用于插入到被连接件表面上的凹孔中进而与被连接件相互止转的第二止转凸块。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5任一权利要求所述的止转止脱垫，其特征在于：所述垫体、止转部以及防脱部一体成型。
  7. 一种紧固连接机构，包括紧固件组合体和止转止脱垫，所述紧固件组合体包括紧固件和套设在紧固件上的止转套，所述止转套的外周凸设有凸出体，所述紧固件的外周设有外止转部，所述止转套包括套孔，所述套孔的内壁上设有与外止转部匹配的内止转体，其特征在于：所述止转止脱垫包括垫体、设在垫体上的通孔、通过在周向方向上阻挡紧固件组合体伸出的凸出体进而阻止紧固件组合体相对于止转止脱垫旋转的止转部以及在止转部挡住凸出体时设于凸出体远离垫体一侧并阻止凸出体向远离垫体一侧移动的防脱部。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的紧固连接机构，其特征在于：所述紧固件为外六角螺栓，所述外六角螺栓包括头部和杆部，所述外六角螺栓的头部的外周壁形成所述外止转部。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的紧固连接机构，其特征在于：所述紧固件为内六角螺栓，所述内六角螺栓包括头部和杆部，所述外止转部为设在内六角螺栓的头部外周的外止转凹槽，所述外止转凹槽为沿内六角螺栓的头部的圆外周阵列分布的若干梯形槽；
    还包括扳手，所述扳手包括把手和设在把手一端的锁紧套，所述锁紧套的内壁设有若干与梯形槽配合的梯形凸体。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的紧固连接机构，其特征在于：所述紧固件为六角螺母，所述六角螺母的外周壁形成所述外止转部。
  11. 根据权利要求7所述的紧固连接机构，其特征在于：所述止转部为凸设在垫体远离被连接件一侧的第一止转凸块，所述防脱部为设在第一止转凸块远离垫体一侧的防脱块，所述第一止转凸块、防脱块以及垫体之间形成凸出体容纳区，所述垫体、第一止转凸块以及防脱块一体成型。
  12. 根据权利要求7至11任一权利要求所述的紧固连接机构，其特征在于：所述止转止脱垫还包括凸设在垫体靠近被连接件的侧面上并用于插入到被连接件表面上的凹孔中进而与被连接件相互止转的第二止转凸块。
  13. 一种紧固方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
    (1)螺栓依次穿过止转止脱垫、两被连接件上的通孔并通过螺母锁紧；或螺栓依次穿过止转止脱垫、第一个被连接件上的通孔并与第二个被连接件上的螺纹孔螺纹连接；
    (2)在螺栓的头部套上与螺栓的头部相对止转的止转套，然后往旋松方向旋转螺栓直到止转套的凸出体被位于凸出体旋松方向一侧的止转止脱垫上的止转部抵挡，此时凸出体远离被连接件一侧被止转止脱垫的防脱部限制从而防止止转套从螺栓的头部脱出。
  14. 一种紧固方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
    (1)螺栓依次穿过两被连接件、止转止脱垫并通过螺母将两被连接件锁紧；或膨胀螺栓的膨胀端设在第一个被连接件的盲孔中，膨胀螺栓的螺纹端依次穿过第二个被连接件、止转止脱垫并通过螺母将两个被连接件锁紧；
    (2)在螺母的外周套上与螺母相对止转的止转套，然后往旋松方向旋转螺母直到止转套的凸出体被位于凸出体旋松方向一侧的止转止脱垫上的止转部抵挡，此时凸出体远离被连接件一侧被止转止脱垫的防脱部限制从而防止止转套从螺母上脱出。
PCT/CN2020/083941 2019-12-13 2020-04-09 一种止转止脱垫、紧固连接机构及紧固方法 WO2021114528A1 (zh)

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CN115008709A (zh) * 2022-06-06 2022-09-06 嘉善子凡展示道具有限公司 一种塑料制品生产设备用加热结构
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CN113764939A (zh) * 2021-09-08 2021-12-07 中国电子科技集团公司第十四研究所 一种快锁防松紧固装置
CN113764939B (zh) * 2021-09-08 2023-11-24 中国电子科技集团公司第十四研究所 一种快锁防松紧固装置
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CN115929761A (zh) * 2022-12-27 2023-04-07 西安鑫垚陶瓷复合材料股份有限公司 一种可实现单侧预紧单侧防松的螺栓紧固结构
CN115929761B (zh) * 2022-12-27 2024-10-01 西安鑫垚陶瓷复合材料股份有限公司 一种可实现单侧预紧单侧防松的螺栓紧固结构
CN116557402A (zh) * 2023-07-04 2023-08-08 四川蓝海智能装备制造有限公司 一种螺栓防松结构、安拆方法及一种马达减速机结构

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