WO2021109241A1 - 一种汽车前照灯 - Google Patents

一种汽车前照灯 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021109241A1
WO2021109241A1 PCT/CN2019/125958 CN2019125958W WO2021109241A1 WO 2021109241 A1 WO2021109241 A1 WO 2021109241A1 CN 2019125958 W CN2019125958 W CN 2019125958W WO 2021109241 A1 WO2021109241 A1 WO 2021109241A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
laser
light
light source
reflector
led light
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/125958
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李秀斌
Original Assignee
广州光联电子科技有限公司
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Filing date
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Application filed by 广州光联电子科技有限公司 filed Critical 广州光联电子科技有限公司
Publication of WO2021109241A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021109241A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/25—Projection lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S45/00—Arrangements within vehicle lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, for purposes other than emission or distribution of light
    • F21S45/40—Cooling of lighting devices
    • F21S45/47—Passive cooling, e.g. using fins, thermal conductive elements or openings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2107/00—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles
    • F21W2107/10—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles for land vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of automobile lighting, and more specifically, to an automobile headlamp.
  • Car headlights also known as car headlights, as the eyes of a car, are not only related to the external image of a whole car, but also closely related to driving at night or safe driving in low visibility weather conditions. High-quality Car headlights help improve driving safety and reduce accident rates.
  • LED Traditional car headlights are designed and used by halogen lamps, xenon lamps, etc. With the continuous development of LED technology, they are gradually applied to car lights. Compared with the two, the service life of traditional halogen lamps, xenon lamps and other bulbs is generally about 300 hours, and the power consumption is relatively high, which requires a long driving delay; while the service life of LEDs can exceed 20,000 hours, and the efficiency is high. At the same time, LED has the advantages of small size, convenient application and strong shock resistance. It has been widely used in mainstream consumer car models in the market.
  • the first is the advantage in terms of volume.
  • the length of a single laser diode can already be 10 ⁇ m, which is only 1% of conventional LED components. This means that the size of car headlights can be greatly reduced, which will be the most suitable for future cars.
  • the appearance design provides greater freedom.
  • the second is the low energy consumption of lasers.
  • the energy consumption of using laser headlights is only 60% of that of LED headlights, which further reduces energy consumption, which is more in line with the energy saving and environmental protection trend of future automobiles .
  • the unique strong directionality of the laser makes the laser headlamp irradiate a longer distance, so that the driver can predict the road conditions ahead earlier and increase the safety of the car.
  • the laser light source is closer to the ideal point light source, and it is easier to obtain the ideal design effect when designing the optical light distribution. Therefore, with the advancement of technology, the use of laser frying lamps will be more extensive, and there is a trend that LEDs will replace xenon lamps in the past.
  • the present invention aims to overcome at least one of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and provides an automobile headlamp, which uses a combination of LED light sources for low beams and laser light sources for high beams, so that the design of automobile headlamps is more reasonable and more efficient. Good lighting effect.
  • An automobile headlamp includes a headlamp substrate, a laser, an LED light source, a reflector, a wavelength converter, and a lens.
  • the laser and the LED light source are installed on the headlamp substrate.
  • the laser emits laser light, and the laser light sequentially After passing through the wavelength converter, the reflector and the lens, the light beam emitted by the LED light source passes through the reflector and the lens and then exits; the low beam of the current light is turned on, and only the LED light source exits the lens, or the LED light source and the small Part of the laser light is emitted from the lens at the same time; the high beam of the current lamp is turned on, and the LED light source and laser light are emitted from the lens at the same time.
  • the LED light source can illuminate a large area at a short distance; and the laser light source has the advantage of long-distance illumination. Therefore, this technical solution cleverly uses the combination of the laser light source and the LED light source to achieve better automotive lighting effects.
  • the laser is mainly responsible for the high-beam lighting of the car headlights
  • the LED light source is mainly responsible for the low-beam lighting of the car headlights.
  • the low beam of the front light is turned on, and all the light beams are emitted by the LED light source, or the light beam is mainly emitted by the LED light source and mixed with the light emitted by part of the laser light source; the high beam of the current light is turned on, and the light beam is the LED light source and the laser The light source emits the mixed light of the beam, and the lighting effect is better.
  • a far and near beam conversion baffle which is arranged between the reflector cup and the lens, and can be moved in and out of the light path to realize switching between high beam and low beam illumination.
  • the far-and-near beam conversion baffle by designing the far-and-near beam conversion baffle to move in or out of the light path, selectively blocking or non-blocking the light beam emitted by the laser, switching between low beam or high beam illumination is realized.
  • the low beam of the current illuminator is turned on, and the far and near beam conversion shutter is moved into the light path of the laser beam, thereby blocking most or all of the beams emitted by the laser to achieve low beam illumination;
  • the high beam of the current illuminator is turned on, far and near
  • the light conversion baffle is moved out of the light path without blocking the beam, so that the beams of the laser and the LED light source emit light at the same time, realizing high beam illumination.
  • the technical solution is not limited to the way of switching the far and near light illumination through the far and near light conversion shutter, and may also be other ways that can realize the far and near light illumination.
  • the headlamp substrate is divided into a front part, a middle part, and a rear part along the light emitting direction of the laser, wherein the laser is installed on the front part of the headlamp substrate, and the light beam emitted by the laser sequentially passes through the middle part and the rear part.
  • An inclined surface is arranged at the rear part and between the middle part and the rear part, and the wavelength converter is arranged on the inclined surface.
  • an included angle is formed between the extension line of the bottom surface of the headlamp substrate and the inclined surface, and the angle range of the included angle is between 30° and 60°.
  • the middle part of the headlamp substrate is recessed inward.
  • the laser emits a laser beam of a first wavelength
  • the laser beam of the first wavelength is irradiated on the wavelength conversion device and partially converted into an excitation beam.
  • the excitation beam and the unconverted laser beam of the first wavelength are combined to form a synthetic white light.
  • the headlamp substrate is made of metal, and a radiator is installed at least on one side of the headlamp substrate, and the radiator dissipates heat to the laser and the LED light source through the headlamp substrate.
  • the headlamp substrate is closely adjacent to the radiator, and the laser and the LED light source are arranged on the headlamp substrate.
  • the heat generated by the laser and the LED light source can be quickly transferred to the radiator , In order to achieve a good heat dissipation effect.
  • the LED light source is arranged after the wavelength converter and is closely attached to the wavelength converter.
  • the LED light source is arranged in front of the wavelength converter and is in close proximity to the wavelength converter.
  • the LED light source is arranged between the laser and the wavelength converter, the laser beam emitted by the laser passes through the upper surface of the LED light source and irradiates the wavelength converter, and the wavelength converter is excited to radiate an excitation beam.
  • the LED light beam emitted by the LED light source and the excitation light beam meet and interlace.
  • the reflector cup is arranged above the wavelength converter and the LED light source; the reflector cup includes a front section and a rear section, and the arcs of the longitudinal section of the front section and the rear section are different, and the front section and the rear section are seamlessly spliced.
  • the longitudinal section refers to the section along the line where the focal point of the reflector is located.
  • the LED beam and the excitation beam are projected on reflectors with different arcs of the longitudinal section, and are collected by reflectors with different arcs of the longitudinal section and focused at different focal lengths.
  • Reflectors with different longitudinal section arcs have different focal lengths.
  • the front section of the reflector cup has a front section first focus and a front section second focus
  • the rear section of the reflector cup has a rear section first focus and a rear section second focus
  • the laser beam emitted by the laser is projected on the wavelength converter
  • the position is the center of the excitation point
  • the first focus of the front section is located on the center of the excitation point
  • part of the laser beam emitted by the laser is excited by the wavelength converter to become an excitation beam
  • the excitation beam and the unexcited laser beam are combined to form a synthesis White light
  • most of the synthesized white light is collected by the front section of the reflector and focused on the second focal point of the front section
  • the first focal point of the rear section is located on the luminous center of the LED light source, and the light beam emitted by the LED light source , Most of it is collected by the rear section of the reflector cup and focused on the second focal point of the rear section; near the second focal point of the front section is provided a far and near light conversion
  • the far and short light conversion shutter is moved out of the position of the second focal point of the front section without blocking the synthetic white light.
  • the far and near light conversion shutter is moved in or out of the The position of the second focal point in the front section realizes the switching of far and near light illumination.
  • the second focal point of the front section and the second focal point of the rear section are located on the same focal plane.
  • synthesized white light focused on the second focal point of the front section and the LED beam focused on the second focal point of the rear section partially overlap.
  • the position of the optical axis of the synthetic white light emitted from the lens is lower than the position of the optical axis of the LED light beam emitted from the lens.
  • the synthetic white light passes through the lens to form a small-angle illuminating beam, and the LED light beam passes through the lens to form a large-angle illuminating beam.
  • the far-and-near light conversion baffle is moved into or out of the front second focus position from below the headlamp to achieve far and near lighting, that is, when the far and near light conversion baffle is moved out of the front second focus position, a small-angle synthetic white light and
  • the large-angle LED beam directly passes through the lens to form high-beam illumination.
  • the far-and-near beam conversion shutter moves into the second focus position of the front section, the shutter will block the passing beam, and only the light beam above the shutter passes through, that is, the LED beam passes through the lens Forms low-beam illumination; or LED beam and a small part of the synthesized white light pass through the lens to form low-beam illumination.
  • a small part of the light beam emitted by the LED light source is collected by the front section of the reflector and focused on the second focal point of the front section; and/or, a small part of the synthesized white light is absorbed by the rear of the reflector cup. Segment collection, and focus on the second focal point of the rear segment.
  • LED beams are focused on the second focal point of the rear section to form low-beam illumination with a larger spot; while a small part of the LED beams are focused on the second focal point of the front section and are blocked during low-beam illumination;
  • auxiliary high-beam illumination most of the excitation beam is focused on the second focus of the front section, which is blocked during low-beam illumination; and a small part of the excitation beam is focused on the second focus of the rear section, which is in the low beam.
  • auxiliary low beam lighting In high beam illumination, the excitation beam and the LED beam emit light together to achieve a better lighting effect.
  • the light beams emitted by the LED light source and the laser emit light from the lower half of the lens.
  • the headlamp substrate is divided into an upper side and a lower side, the laser and the wavelength converter are respectively arranged on the lower side of the headlamp substrate; the LED light source is arranged on the upper side of the headlamp substrate.
  • the reflector cup is divided into an upper reflector cup and a lower reflector cup; the upper reflector cup is arranged above the LED light source, and the lower reflector cup is arranged below the wavelength converter; the light beams emitted by the laser undergo wavelength conversion in turn The reflector and the reflector cup are reflected and projected out, and the light beam emitted by the LED light source is reflected by the reflector cup and then exits.
  • the arc surface of the reflector cup is a part of the curved surface of the ellipsoid, and the focal lengths of the ellipsoid corresponding to the upper reflector cup and the lower reflector cup are different;
  • the upper reflector cup has a first upper focal point and a second upper focal point, so
  • the lower reflector cup has a first lower focal point and a second lower focal point;
  • the first upper focal point is located at the luminous center of the LED light source, and most of the light beam emitted by the LED light source is collected by the upper reflector and focused on the The second upper focus;
  • the position where the beam emitted by the laser is projected on the wavelength converter is the center of the excitation point, the first lower focus is located at the center of the excitation point, and part of the laser beam emitted by the laser is excited by the wavelength converter ,
  • the synthetic white light is collected by
  • the second upper focal point and the second lower focal point are on the same focal plane, and the focal plane is perpendicular to the light-emitting optical axis of the headlamp.
  • the synthetic white light is focused below the focal plane through the reflector and projected on the upper half of the lens to exit; the light beam emitted by the LED light source is focused on the upper part of the focal plane through the reflector and is projected on the lower half of the lens Shoot out.
  • the invention cleverly combines the laser light source and the LED light source, and effectively utilizes the high luminous flux of the LED light source and the long-distance range advantages of the laser light source.
  • the low beam is turned on, only the LED light source emits light, or the LED light source and a small part
  • the laser light source emits light; when the high beam is turned on, the LED light source and the laser light source emit light at the same time, so as to achieve a better far and near beam lighting effect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the laser light source and the LED light source in the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the reflector cup after the laser and the LED are mixed in Example 1.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the high beam state of the automobile headlamp in which the laser and the LED are mixed in the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the low beam state of the automobile headlamp of the embodiment 1 where the laser and LED are mixed.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the laser light source of the automobile headlamp of the second embodiment.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the light path of the LED light source of the automobile headlight of the second embodiment.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the high beam state of a hybrid automobile headlamp with a laser light source and an LED light source according to the second embodiment.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the low beam state of a hybrid automobile headlamp with a laser light source and an LED light source according to the second embodiment.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the mixed optical path of the laser and LED light source of the automobile headlamp in the third embodiment.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the high beam state of a hybrid automobile headlamp with a laser light source and an LED light source according to the third embodiment.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the low beam state of a hybrid automobile headlamp with a laser light source and an LED light source according to the third embodiment.
  • an automobile headlamp includes a headlamp substrate 100, a laser 200, an LED light source 400, a reflector 500, a wavelength converter 300, and a lens 700, the laser 200 and the LED light source 400 Installed on the headlamp substrate 100, the light beam 201 emitted by the laser 200 sequentially passes through the wavelength converter 300, the reflector 500 and the lens 700 and then emerges. The light beam emitted by the LED light source 400 passes through the reflector 500 and the lens 700 in sequence. Shoot out.
  • the far and near light conversion baffle 800 is arranged between the reflector 500 and the lens 700.
  • the far and near beam conversion baffle 800 is designed to move into or out of the light path, selectively blocking or All or part of the light beams emitted by the laser 200 are not blocked to realize switching of low beam or high beam illumination.
  • the low beam of the current lamp is turned on, and the far and low beam conversion cover 800 is moved into the optical path of the laser beam 200, thereby blocking most or all of the beams emitted by the laser 200 to achieve low beam illumination; the high beam of the current lamp When it is opened, the far and near beam conversion baffle 800 moves out of the light path without blocking the light beam, so that the beams of the laser 200 and the LED light source 400 emit light at the same time to realize high beam illumination.
  • the headlamp substrate 100 is divided into a front part, a middle part and a rear part along the light emitting direction of the laser 200.
  • the laser 200 is installed on the front part of the headlamp substrate 100, and the light beam emitted by the laser 200 passes through the middle part and the rear part in sequence.
  • the middle part is in a recessed trapezoidal structure, and a slope is provided between the middle part and the rear part, and the wavelength converter 300 is provided on the slope.
  • an included angle ⁇ is formed between the extension line of the bottom surface of the headlamp substrate 100 and the inclined surface, and the angle range of the included angle ⁇ is between 30° and 60°.
  • the laser 200 emits a laser beam of a first wavelength.
  • the laser beam of the first wavelength is irradiated on the wavelength conversion device 300 and partially converted into an excitation beam 202.
  • the excitation beam 202 and the unconverted laser beam of the first wavelength are combined to emit white light.
  • the headlamp substrate 100 is made of metal, and a heat sink 900 is installed on at least one side of the headlamp substrate 100. 200 and the LED light source 400 dissipate heat.
  • the headlamp substrate 100 is closely adjacent to the heat sink 900, and the laser 200 and the LED light source 400 are arranged on the headlamp substrate 100.
  • the heat generated by the laser 200 and the LED light source 400 can be reduced by this arrangement structure. It is quickly conducted to the heat sink 900 to achieve a good heat dissipation effect.
  • the LED light source 400 is arranged after the wavelength converter 300 and is close to the wavelength converter 300.
  • the wavelength converter 300 is arranged on the slope of the trapezoidal structure, and the LED light source 400 is arranged on the top of the trapezoidal structure.
  • the reflector cup 500 is arranged above the wavelength converter 300 and the LED light source 400, and the light beam emitted by the laser 200 is successively reflected by the wavelength converter 300 and the reflector cup 500 and then projected out.
  • the light beam emitted by the LED light source 400 is reflected by the reflector 500 and then exits.
  • the reflector cup 500 includes a front section 501 and a rear section 502, and the arcs of the longitudinal section of the front section 501 and the rear section 502 are different, and the front section 501 and the rear section 502 are seamlessly joined.
  • the arc of the reflector 500 is a part of the ellipsoidal curved surface, and the front section 501 and the rear section 502 of the reflector 500 have different focal lengths of the ellipsoid; the front section 501 of the reflector 500 and the rear section 502 of the reflector 500 are located
  • the ellipsoid of is two ellipsoids with different long and short axes.
  • the front section 501 of the reflector cup 500 has a front first focus and a front second focus 600
  • the rear section 502 of the reflector 500 has a rear first focus and a rear second focus (not shown in the figure).
  • the front second focal point 600 and the rear second focal point are located on the same focal plane and are arranged adjacent to each other.
  • the light rays of the front second focal point 600 and the rear second focal point at least partially overlap.
  • part of the laser beam 201 emitted by the laser 200 is excited by the wavelength converter 300 to become an excitation beam 202.
  • the excitation beam 202 is combined with the unexcited laser beam 201 to form white light, and most of the synthesized white light is reflected by the reflector 500.
  • the front section 501 of the reflector is collected and focused on the second focal point 600 of the front section; the light beam emitted by the LED light source 400 is projected on the reflector 500, and most of it is collected by the rear section 502 of the reflector 500 and focused on the rear section of the reflector 500.
  • Two focal points (not shown in the figure), the LED beam and the synthesized white light are combined at the second focal point 600 in the front section and the second focal point in the rear section.
  • the combined light beam propagates through the lens 700, and the lens 700 projects the beam onto the car’s Ahead.
  • the far and near beam conversion baffle 800 is moved into the focal position corresponding to the excitation beam 202 to block all or part of the synthesized white light to realize low beam illumination, and the far and near beam conversion baffle 800 is moved out of the focal position corresponding to the excitation beam 202. Without blocking the synthesized white light, high beam illumination is realized.
  • the position where the light beam emitted by the laser 200 is projected on the wavelength converter 300 is the excitation point center, and the excitation point center is located at the first focal point of the front section, and part of the laser beam 201 emitted by the laser 200 is excited by the wavelength converter 300 , Becomes the excitation beam 202, the excitation beam 202 and the unexcited laser beam 201 are combined into a synthetic white light, most of the synthetic white light is collected by the front section 501 of the reflector 500 and focused on the front second focus 600;
  • the light-emitting center of the LED light source 400 is located at the first focal point of the rear section, and most of the light beam emitted by the LED light source 400 is collected by the rear section 502 of the reflector cup 500 and focused on the second focal point of the rear section Above; near the front second focus 600 is provided with a far and near light conversion barrier 800, the far and near light conversion barrier 800 moved into the front second focus 600 position, blocking all or part of the synthesized white light, to achieve low beam lighting
  • the synthesized white light focused on the second focal point 600 in the front section partially overlaps with the LED beam focused on the second focal point in the rear section.
  • the position of the optical axis of the synthetic white light emitted from the lens 700 is lower than the position of the optical axis of the LED light beam emitted from the lens 700.
  • the synthetic white light passes through the lens 700 to form a small-angle illuminating light beam
  • the LED light beam passes through the lens 700 to form a large-angle illuminating light beam
  • the far-and-near beam conversion shutter 800 when the far-and-near beam conversion shutter 800 is moved out of the second focus 600 position of the front section, the small-angle synthetic white light and the larger-angle LED beam directly pass through the lens 700 to form high-beam illumination;
  • the far and near beam conversion barrier 800 will block the passing beam, and only the light beam above the far and near beam conversion barrier 800 passes through, that is, the LED beam passes through the lens 700 to form a low beam. Illumination; or the LED beam and a small part of the synthesized white light pass through the lens 700 to form low-beam illumination.
  • a small part of the light beam emitted by the LED light source 400 is collected by the front section 501 of the reflector 500 and focused on the second focal point 600 of the front section; and a small part of the synthesized white light is absorbed by the reflector 500
  • the rear section 502 collects and focuses on the second focal point of the rear section.
  • LED beams are focused on the second focal point of the rear section to form low beam illumination with a larger spot; while a small part of the LED beams are focused on the second focal point 600 of the front section and are blocked during low beam illumination;
  • auxiliary high beam illumination most of the synthetic white light is focused on the second focal point 600 in the front section, and is blocked during low beam illumination; and a small part of the synthetic white light is focused on the second focal point in the rear section.
  • auxiliary low beam lighting In high-beam lighting, the combined white light and LED beam emit light together to achieve better lighting effects.
  • the light beams emitted by the LED light source 400 and the laser 200 are emitted from the lower half of the lens 700.
  • the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the LED light source 400 is arranged before the wavelength converter 300 and is close to the wavelength converter 300.
  • the wavelength converter 300 is arranged on the slope of the trapezoidal structure, and the LED light source 400 is arranged at the bottom of the trapezoidal structure.
  • the LED light source 400 is arranged between the laser 200 and the wavelength converter 300.
  • the laser beam emitted by the laser 200 passes through the upper surface of the LED light source 400 and irradiates the wavelength converter 300.
  • the wavelength converter 300 receives The excitation radiation emits an excitation beam 202.
  • the LED light beam emitted by the LED light source 400 and the excitation light beam 202 meet and interlace.
  • a small part of the light beam emitted by the LED light source 400 is focused by the front section 501 of the reflector 500 at the second focal point 600 position of the front section of the reflector 500 to form a smaller spot, and most of the light is focused on by the rear section 502 of the reflector 500
  • the position of the second focal point in the latter stage forms a larger spot.
  • the focused LED light is projected to the front through the lens 700 at the same time to form high beam and low beam illumination, that is, the light that forms a smaller spot at the second focal point 600 of the front section is responsible for the general high beam illumination of the car headlight, and forms a larger spot.
  • the light forms the low beam illumination of the car headlights.
  • the light beam emitted by the laser 200 is close to a point light source, and the light beam is guided to the wavelength conversion device and irradiated on the wavelength conversion device with a small spot size, and part of the laser light is absorbed by the wavelength conversion device and converted into excitation light.
  • Most of the excitation beam 202 emitted by the wavelength conversion device is collected by the front section 501 of the reflector 500, and is focused on the second focal point 600 of the front section to form a smaller spot. After the focused excitation light passes through the lens 700, it is responsible for the front illumination of the car. Auxiliary high-beam lighting for longer lamp distances.
  • the far-and-near light conversion baffle 800 can be moved in or out of the position near the second focus 600 of the front section, so as to realize the illumination conversion of the far-and-near light. That is, when the far-and-near beam conversion baffle 800 moves out of the optical path at the position of the second focal point 600 in the front section, the laser beam and the LED beam directly pass through the lens 700 to form high beam illumination, that is, all the beams directly pass through the lens 700 to form high beam illumination; When the light conversion barrier 800 moves into the optical path of the second focal point 600 in the front section, the far and near beam conversion barrier 800 will block the passing beam, and only the light beam above the far and near beam conversion barrier 800 passes through, that is, the LED beam is formed by the lens 700 Low-beam illumination; or LED beam and a small part of the synthesized white light pass through the lens 700 to form low-beam illumination.
  • the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the headlamp substrate 100 is divided into an upper side and a lower side, and the trapezoidal structure, the laser 200 and the wavelength converter 300 are respectively provided On the lower side of the headlamp substrate 100; the LED light source 400 is arranged on the upper side of the headlamp substrate 100.
  • the reflector cup 500 is divided into an upper reflector cup and a lower reflector cup; the upper reflector cup is arranged above the LED light source 400, and the lower reflector cup is arranged below the wavelength converter 300; the light beams emitted by the laser 200 are sequentially After being reflected by the wavelength converter 300 and the reflector 500, the light beam emitted by the LED light source 400 is reflected by the reflector 500 and then emitted.
  • the curved surface of the reflector 500 is a part of an ellipsoidal curved surface, and the focal lengths of the ellipsoids corresponding to the upper reflector and the lower reflector are different;
  • the upper reflector has a first upper focal point and a second upper focal point 601
  • the lower reflector cup has a first lower focus and a second lower focus (not shown in the figure);
  • the light-emitting center of the LED light source 400 is located at the first upper focus, and most of the light beam emitted by the LED light source 400 Is collected by the rear section 502 of the reflector cup 500 and focused on the second upper focal point 601;
  • the position where the beam emitted by the laser 200 is projected onto the wavelength converter 300 is the excitation point center, and the excitation point center is located at the center of the excitation point.
  • the first lower focus part of the laser beam emitted by the laser 200 is excited by the wavelength converter 300 to become an excitation beam 202.
  • the excitation beam 202 is combined with the unexcited laser beam 201 to form white light, and most of the synthesized white light is down
  • the reflector cup collects and focuses on the second lower focal point; near the second lower focal point is provided a far and near light conversion baffle 800, and the far and near light conversion baffle 800 moves into the position of the second lower focal point , To block all or part of the synthesized white light; move out of the position of the second lower focus, without blocking the synthesized white light, the far and near light conversion cover 800 moves in or out of the position of the second lower focus to realize the switching of far and near light illumination .
  • the second upper focal point 601 and the second lower focal point are on the same focal plane, and the focal plane is perpendicular to the light-emitting optical axis of the headlamp.
  • the synthetic white light is focused below the focal plane through the reflector 500 and is projected on the upper half of the lens 700 to exit; the LED light beam is focused on the upper part of the focal plane through the reflector 500 and is projected on the lower half of the lens 700 Part of the shot.
  • the second upper focal point 601 of the upper reflector and the second lower focal point of the lower reflector form the same focal plane perpendicular to the light axis of the headlight, and the LED light focused by the upper reflector is located on the lower reflector. Above the focused excitation light of the cup, the focused LED and the excitation light are projected to the front through the lens 700 to achieve the lighting effect.
  • the LED light located above the focal plane is projected below the lighting in front of the car after the lens 700, and the excitation light is located above the lighting position, so that the formation of the LED beam is more conducive to low-beam lighting, and the excitation light is more conducive to long-distance lighting High beam lighting.
  • This design advantage makes full use of the laser as an ideal light source, and the angle of beam illumination can be made narrower to achieve better lighting effects.

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Abstract

一种汽车前照灯，包括前照灯基板（100）、激光器（200）、LED光源（400）、反光杯（500）、波长转换器（300）和透镜（700），激光器（200）和LED光源（400）安装于前照灯基板（100）上，激光器（200）出射激光，且激光依次经过波长转换器（300）、反光杯（500）和透镜（700）后出射，LED光源（400）出射的光束依次经过反光杯（500）和透镜（700）后出射；当前照灯的近光灯打开，仅有LED光源（400）出光，或LED光源（400）和小部分激光同时出光；当前照灯的远光灯打开，LED光源（400）和激光同时出光。将激光光源和LED光源（400）相结合，有效地利用了LED光源（400）的高光通量和激光光源的远距离射程优势，实现更好的远近光照明效果。

Description

一种汽车前照灯 技术领域
本发明涉及汽车照明的技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种汽车前照灯。
 背景技术
汽车大灯，也称为汽车前照灯，作为汽车的眼睛，不仅关系到一整车的外在形象，更与夜间开车或能见度低的天气条件下的安全驾驶有着紧密的关系，高品质的汽车大灯有助于提高驾驶安全和降低事故率。
传统汽车大灯利用卤素灯、氙气灯等进行设计使用，随着LED技术的不断发展，其被逐渐应用到车灯中。两者相比较，传统卤素灯、氙气灯等灯泡的使用寿命一般在300小时左右，并且功耗较高，需要较长的驱动延时；而LED使用寿命可超过20000小时，且效率高，较少额外的损耗；同时，LED还有体积小，应用方便，抗震性强等优点，目前已经在市场的主流消费车车型中广泛推广使用。
而作为同一时期出现的半导体激光器，它不但具有LED光源的大部分优点，比如说响应速度快，亮度衰减低，体积小，能耗低，寿命长等等，而且在此基础上更进一步。例如，首先是体积方面的优势，单个激光二极管的长度已经可以做到10μm，仅为常规LED元器件的1%，这意味着汽车前照灯的尺寸可以大幅度的减小，为将来汽车的外形设计上提供了更大的自由度。其次是激光器的低能耗，当满足同样要求的照明条件时，使用激光大灯的能耗仅为LED大灯的60%，进一步地减小了能量消耗，这也更符合未来汽车的节能环保趋势。而且激光特有的强方向性，使得激光前照灯照射距离更远，使驾驶员能更早的对前方的路况作出预判，增加了汽车行驶的安全性。同时激光光源更接近于理想的点光源，在进行光学配光设计时更容易获得理想的设计效果。所以随着技术的向前发展，激光煎照灯的使用会更加的广泛，有当年LED取代氙气灯之趋势。
但是，在实际应用中，考虑到当汽车大灯的近光照明时，需要对近距离比较宽的路面进行大面积照明，所以要求光输出较高的光通量，因此激光本身的超远的有效距离优势不适用于此种情况。
 技术问题
本发明旨在克服上述现有技术的至少一种缺陷，提供一种汽车前照灯，通过近光使用LED光源，远光使用激光光源的组合方案，使汽车前照灯设计更合理，获得更佳的照明效果。
 技术解决方案
本发明采取的技术方案是：
一种汽车前照灯，包括前照灯基板、激光器、LED光源、反光杯、波长转换器和透镜，所述激光器和LED光源安装于前照灯基板上，所述激光器出射激光，且激光依次经过波长转换器、反光杯和透镜后出射，所述LED光源出射的光束依次经过反光杯和透镜后出射；当前照灯的近光灯打开，仅有LED光源从透镜出射，或LED光源和小部分激光同时从透镜出射；当前照灯的远光灯打开，LED光源和激光同时从透镜出射。
本技术方案中，LED光源能近距离进行大面积照明；而激光光源具有远距离照明的优势，因此，本技术方案巧妙地利用激光光源与LED光源相结合，可实现更好的汽车照明效果。其中，所述激光器主要负责汽车前照灯的远光照明，而LED光源主要负责汽车前照灯的近光照明。当前照灯的近光灯打开，出光光束全部由LED光源发出，或出光光束主要为LED光源发出并混合部分激光光源发出的光；当前照灯的远光灯打开，出光光束为LED光源与激光光源发出光束的混合光，照明效果更好。
进一步地，还包括远近光变换挡片，所述远近光变换挡片设在反光杯和透镜之间，并可在光路中移入移出，实现切换远光和近光照明。
本技术方案中，通过设计远近光变换挡片移入或移出光路，选择性遮挡或非遮挡激光器发出的光束，实现切换近光或远光照明。其中，当前照灯的近光灯打开，远近光变换挡片移入激光器出射光束的光路，从而遮挡大部分或全部激光器发出的光束，实现近光照明；当前照灯的远光灯打开，远近光变换挡片移出光路，不遮挡光束，使激光器和LED光源的光束同时出光，实现远光照明。
另外，本技术方案不限于通过远近光变换挡片切换远近光照明的方式，还可以是其他能实现远近光照明的方式。例如，还可以通过在打开远光灯时，控制同时点亮LED光源和激光器的方式，使LED光源和激光器同时出光，实现远光照明；在打开近光灯时，通过控制只点亮LED光源的方式，使LED光源出光，实现近光照明。
[0013] 进一步地，所述前照灯基板沿激光器的出光方向分为前部、中部和后部，其中，所述激光器安装于前照灯基板的前部，激光器发出的光束依次经过中部和后部，且中部和后部之间设有一斜面，所述波长转换器设在所述斜面上。
进一步地，所述前照灯基板的底面延长线与所述斜面之间形成夹角，所述夹角的角度范围在30°～60°之间。
进一步地，所述前照灯基板的中部向内凹陷设置。
进一步地，所述的激光器发射出第一波长的激光光束，第一波长的激光光束照射在波长转换装置上，部分转换成激发光束，激发光束与未转换的第一波长激光光束组合成为合成白光出射。
进一步地，所述前照灯基板由金属制成，且至少在前照灯基板的一侧安装有散热器，所述散热器通过前照灯基板给激光器和LED光源散热。
本技术方案中，前照灯基板与散热器紧密相邻，而激光器和LED光源设置于前照灯基板上，通过这样的设置结构可以将激光器和LED光源产生的热量快速地传导到散热器上，以达到良好的散热效果。
进一步地，所述LED光源设在波长转换器之后，且与波长转换器紧密贴近。
进一步地，作为另一种实施方案，所述LED光源设在波长转换器之前，且与波长转换器紧密贴近。
上述结构中，LED光源设置在激光器与波长转换器之间，激光器所发出的激光光束从LED光源的上表面经过，并照射于波长转换器上，波长转换器受激发辐射出激发光束。LED光源所发出的LED光束和激发光束相遇并交错。
进一步地，所述反光杯设在波长转换器和LED光源的上方；所述反光杯包括前段和后段，且前段和后段纵截面的弧度不同，前段和后段之间无缝拼接。
其中，纵截面是指沿反光杯焦点连线所在直线的截面，LED光束和激发光束投射于纵截面的弧度不同的反光杯，被纵截面的弧度不同的反光杯收集并聚焦于不同的焦距处，纵截面弧度不同的反光杯，其焦距不同。
所述反光杯的前段具有前段第一焦点和前段第二焦点，所述反光杯的后段具有后段第一焦点和后段第二焦点；所述激光器发出的激光光束投射于波长转换器的位置为激发点中心，所述前段第一焦点位于所述激发点中心上，所述激光器发出的部分激光光束经过波长转换器激发，成为激发光束，激发光束与未被激发的激光光束组合成为合成白光，所述合成白光大部分被反光杯的前段收集，并聚焦于所述前段第二焦点上；所述后段第一焦点位于所述LED光源的发光中心上，所述LED光源发出的光束，大部分被所述反光杯的后段收集，并聚焦于所述后段第二焦点上；所述前段第二焦点的附近设有远近光变换挡片，所述远近光变换挡片移入前段第二焦点的位置，遮挡全部或部分合成白光，所述远近光变换挡片移出前段第二焦点的位置，不遮挡合成白光，所述远近光变换挡片通过移入或移出所述前段第二焦点的位置，实现切换远近光照明。
进一步地，所述前段第二焦点和所述后段第二焦点位于同一焦平面上。
进一步地，聚焦于前段第二焦点的合成白光和聚焦于后段第二焦点的LED光束部分重合。
进一步地，所述合成白光从透镜出射的光轴位置低于LED光束从透镜出射的光轴位置。
进一步地，所述合成白光经过所述透镜，形成小角度的照明光束，所述LED光束经过所述透镜，形成大角度的照明光束。
本技术方案中，远近光变换挡片从前照灯的下方移入或移出前段第二焦点位置实现远近照明，即当远近光变换挡片移出前段第二焦点位置时，小角度的合成白光及较大角度的LED光束直接通过透镜形成远光照明，当远近光变换挡片移入前段第二焦点位置时，挡片会遮挡经过的光束，只有挡片上方的光束通过，即LED光束通过透镜形成近光照明；或LED光束和小部分合成白光通过透镜形成近光照明。
进一步地，所述LED光源发出的光束，小部分被所述反光杯的前段收集，并聚焦于所述前段第二焦点上；和/或，所述合成白光小部分被所述反光杯的后段收集，并聚焦于所述后段第二焦点上。
所述LED光束大部分聚焦于后段第二焦点上，形成较大光斑的近光照明；而还有小部分的LED光束聚焦于前段第二焦点上，在近光照明时被遮挡；在远光照明时，辅助远光照明；所述激发光束大部分聚焦由于前段第二焦点上，在近光照明时被遮挡；而还有小部分的激发光束聚焦于后段第二焦点，在近光照明时，辅助近光照明。在远光照明时，激发光束和LED光束共同出光，实现更好的照明效果。
进一步地，所述LED光源和激光器发出的光束从透镜的下半部分出光。
进一步地，所述前照灯基板分为上侧和下侧，所述激光器和波长转换器分别设于前照灯基板的下侧；所述LED光源设于前照灯基板的上侧。
进一步地，所述反光杯分为上反光杯和下反光杯；所述上反光杯设于LED光源的上方，下反光杯设于波长转换器的下方；所述激光器发出的光束依次经过波长转换器和反光杯的反射后投射出去，所述LED光源发出的光束经反光杯反射后出射。
进一步地，所述反光杯的弧面为椭球曲面的一部分，且上反光杯和下反光杯所对应的椭球焦距不同；所述上反光杯具有第一上焦点和第二上焦点，所述下反光杯具有第一下焦点和第二下焦点；所述第一上焦点位于LED光源的发光中心，所述LED光源发出的光束，大部分被所述上反光杯收集，并聚焦于所述第二上焦点；所述激光器发出的光束投射于波长转换器的位置为激发点中心，所述第一下焦点位于所述激发点中心，所述激光器发出的部分激光光束经过波长转换器激发，成为激发光束，激发光束与未被激发的激光光束组合成为合成白光，所述合成白光被下反光杯收集，并聚焦于所述第二下焦点；所述第二下焦点的附近设有远近光变换挡片，所述远近光变换挡片移入所述第二下焦点的位置，遮挡全部或部分合成白光，移出所述第二下焦点的位置，不遮挡合成白光，所述远近光变换挡片通过移入或移出所述第二下焦点的位置，实现切换远近光照明。
进一步地，所述第二上焦点和第二下焦点在同一焦平面上，所述焦平面与前照灯出光光轴垂直。
进一步地，所述合成白光经过反光杯聚焦于焦平面的下方，投射于透镜的上半部分出射；所述LED光源发出的光束经过反光杯聚焦于焦平面的上方，投射于透镜的下半部分出射。
 有益效果
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果为：
本发明巧妙地将激光光源和LED光源相结合，有效地利用了LED光源的高光通量和激光光源的远距离射程优势，通过在近光灯开启时，只有LED光源出光，或LED光源和小部分激光光源出光；在远光灯开启时，LED光源和激光光源同时出光，从而实现更好的远近光照明效果。
 附图说明
图1为实施例1的结构示意图。
图2为实施例1激光光源与LED光源的安装示意图。
图3为实施例1激光与LED混合后的反光杯示意图。
图4为实施例1激光与LED混合的汽车前照灯远光状态示意图。
图5为实施例1激光与LED混合的汽车前照灯近光状态示意图。
图6为实施例2汽车前照灯的激光光源光路示意图。
图7为实施例2汽车前照灯的LED光源光路示意图。
图8为实施例2激光光源与LED光源混合汽车前照灯远光状态示意图。
图9为实施例2激光光源与LED光源混合汽车前照灯近光状态示意图。
图10为实施例3汽车前照灯激光器与LED光源混合光路示意图。
图11为实施例3激光光源与LED光源混合汽车前照灯远光状态示意图。
图12为实施例3激光光源与LED光源混合汽车前照灯近光状态示意图。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
实施例1
如图1和图2所示，一种汽车前照灯，包括前照灯基板100、激光器200、LED光源400、反光杯500、波长转换器300和透镜700，所述激光器200和LED光源400安装于前照灯基板100上，所述激光器200出射的光束201依次经过波长转换器300、反光杯500和透镜700后出射，所述LED光源400出射的光束依次经过反光杯500和透镜700后出射。
其中，还包括远近光变换挡片800，所述远近光变换挡片800设在反光杯500和透镜700之间，通过设计远近光变换挡片800移入或移出光路，选择性遮挡或非遮挡全部或部分激光器200发出的光束，实现切换近光或远光照明。
其中，当前照灯的近光灯打开，远近光变换挡片800移入激光器200出射光束的光路，从而遮挡大部分或全部激光器200发出的光束，实现近光照明；当前照灯的远光灯打开，远近光变换挡片800移出光路，不遮挡光束，使激光器200和LED光源400的光束同时出光，实现远光照明。
其中，所述前照灯基板100沿激光器200的出光方向分为前部、中部和后部，所述激光器200安装于前照灯基板100的前部，激光器200发出的光束依次经过中部和后部，且所述中部呈凹陷的梯形结构，且中部和后部之间设有一斜面，所述波长转换器300设在所述斜面上。
如图2所示，其中，所述前照灯基板100的底面延长线与所述斜面之间形成夹角θ，所述夹角θ的角度范围在30°～60°之间。
所述的激光器200发射出第一波长的激光光束，第一波长的激光光束照射在波长转换装置300上部分转换成激发光束202，激发光束202与未转换的第一波长激光光束合成白光出射。
如图1所示，其中，所述前照灯基板100由金属制成，且至少在前照灯基板100的一侧安装有散热器900，所述散热器900通过前照灯基板100给激光器200和LED光源400散热。
本技术方案中，前照灯基板100与散热器900紧密相邻，而激光器200和LED光源400设置于前照灯基板100上，通过这样的设置结构可以将激光器200和LED光源400产生的热量快速地传导到散热器900上，以达到良好的散热效果。
其中，所述LED光源400设在波长转换器300之后，且与波长转换器300紧密贴近。所述波长转换器300设置于梯形结构的斜面，所述LED光源400设置于梯形结构的顶部。
如图3所示，其中，所述反光杯500设在波长转换器300和LED光源400的上方，所述激光器200发出的光束依次经过波长转换器300和反光杯500的反射后投射出去，所述LED光源400发出的光束经反光杯500反射后出射。
其中，所述反光杯500包括前段501和后段502，且前段501和后段502纵截面的弧度不同，前段501和后段502之间无缝拼接。
其中，所述反光杯500的弧面为椭球曲面的一部分，且反光杯500的前段501和后段502所对应的椭球焦距不同；反光杯500前段501与反光杯500后段502曲面所在的的椭球为长短轴不同的两个椭球。所述反光杯500的前段501具有前段第一焦点和前段第二焦点600，所述反光杯500的后段502具有后段第一焦点和后段第二焦点（图中未示出）。所述前段第二焦点600和所述后段第二焦点位于同一焦平面上，且相邻设置。所述前段第二焦点600和所述后段第二焦点位置的光线至少部分重合。
本技术方案中，激光器200发出的部分激光光束201经波长转换器300激发，成为激发光束202，激发光束202与未被激发的激光光束201组合成为白光，所述合成白光大部分被反光杯500的前段501收集，并聚焦于所述前段第二焦点600上；LED光源400发出的光束投射于反光杯500，大部分被反光杯500的后段502收集并聚焦于反光杯500的后段第二焦点（图中未示出），LED光束和合成白光在前段第二焦点600和后段第二焦点进行合光，合光后的光束透过透镜700传播，透镜700将光束投射于汽车的前方。
其中，所述远近光变换挡片800移入激发光束202对应的焦点位置，遮挡全部或部分合成白光，实现近光照明，所述远近光变换挡片800移出激发光束202对应的焦点位置，不遮挡合成白光，实现远光照明。
所述激光器200发出的光束投射于波长转换器300的位置为激发点中心，所述激发点中心位于所述前段第一焦点上，所述激光器200发出的部分激光光束201经过波长转换器300激发，成为激发光束202，激发光束202与未被激发的激光光束201组合成为合成白光，所述合成白光大部分被反光杯500的前段501收集，并聚焦于所述前段第二焦点600上；所述LED光源400的发光中心位于所述后段第一焦点上，所述LED光源400发出的光束，大部分被所述反光杯500的后段502收集，并聚焦于所述后段第二焦点上；所述前段第二焦点600的附近设有远近光变换挡片800，所述远近光变换挡片800移入前段第二焦点600的位置，遮挡全部或部分合成白光，实现近光照明，所述远近光变换挡片800移出前段第二焦点600的位置，不遮挡合成白光，实现远光照明，所述远近光变换挡片800通过移入或移出所述前段第二焦点600的位置，实现切换远近光照明。
其中，聚焦于前段第二焦点600的合成白光和聚焦于后段第二焦点的LED光束部分重合。
其中，所述合成白光从透镜700出射的光轴位置低于LED光束从透镜700出射的光轴位置。
其中，所述合成白光经过所述透镜700，形成小角度的照明光束，所述LED光束经过所述透镜700，形成大角度的照明光束。
如图4和图5所示， 当远近光变换挡片800移出前段第二焦点600位置时，小角度的合成白光及较大角度的LED光束直接通过透镜700形成远光照明；而当远近光变换挡片800移入前段第二焦点600位置时，远近光变换挡片800会遮挡经过的光束，只有远近光变换挡片800上方的光束通过，即LED光束通过透镜700形成近光照明；或LED光束和小部分合成白光通过透镜700形成近光照明。
其中，所述LED光源400发出的光束，小部分被所述反光杯500的前段501收集，并聚焦于所述前段第二焦点600上；和所述合成白光小部分被所述反光杯500的后段502收集，并聚焦于所述后段第二焦点上。
所述LED光束大部分聚焦于后段第二焦点上，形成较大光斑的近光照明；而还有小部分的LED光束聚焦于前段第二焦点600上，在近光照明时被遮挡；在远光照明时，辅助远光照明；所述合成白光大部分聚焦于前段第二焦点600上，在近光照明时被遮挡；而还有小部分的合成白光聚焦于后段第二焦点，在近光照明时，辅助近光照明。在远光照明时，合成白光和LED光束共同出光，实现更好的照明效果。
其中，所述LED光源400和激光器200发出的光束从透镜700的下半部分出光。
 本发明的实施方式
实施例2
如图6~9所示，本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于，所述LED光源400设在波长转换器300之前，且与波长转换器300紧密贴近。所述波长转换器300设置于梯形结构的斜面，所述LED光源400设置于梯形结构的底部。
本技术方案中，LED光源400设置在激光器200与波长转换器300之间，激光器200所发出的激光光束从LED光源400的上表面经过，并照射于波长转换器300上，波长转换器300受激发辐射出激发光束202。LED光源400所发出的LED光束和激发光束202相遇并交错。
所述LED光源400发射的小部分光束，被反光杯500前段501聚焦于反光杯500的前段第二焦点600位置，形成成较小的光斑，而大部分光线被反光杯500后段502聚焦于后段第二焦点的位置，形成较大的光斑。被聚焦后的LED光线同时经过透镜700投射到前方形成远光和近光照明，即在前段第二焦点600形成较小光斑的光线负责汽车前照灯的普通远光照明，而形成较大光斑的光线形成汽车前照灯近光照明。
所述激光器200发出的光束接近于点光源，光束被引导到波长转换装置上，以较小的光斑尺寸照射在波长转换装置上，部分激光被波长转换装置吸收交转换成激发光。波长转换装置所发出的激发光束202大部分被反光杯500前段501收集，并聚焦于前段第二焦点600位置形成更小尺寸的光斑，被聚焦后的激发光经透镜700后，负责汽车前照灯距离更远的辅助远光照明。
所述远近光变换挡片800可移入或移出前段第二焦点600附近位置，以实现远近光的照明变换。即当远近光变换挡片800移出前段第二焦点600位置的光路时，激光器发出的光束及LED光束直接通过透镜700形成远光照明，即全部光束直接通过透镜700形成远光照明；当远近光变换挡片800移入前段第二焦点600位置的光路时，远近光变换挡片800会遮挡经过的光束，只有远近光变换挡片800上方的光束通过，即LED光束通过透镜700形成近光照明；或LED光束和小部分合成白光通过透镜700形成近光照明。
实施例3
如图10~12所示，本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于，所述前照灯基板100分为上侧和下侧，所述梯形结构、激光器200和波长转换器300分别设于前照灯基板100的下侧；所述LED光源400设于前照灯基板100的上侧。
其中，所述反光杯500分为上反光杯和下反光杯；所述上反光杯设于LED光源400的上方，下反光杯设于波长转换器300的下方；所述激光器200发出的光束依次经过波长转换器300和反光杯500的反射后投射出去，所述LED光源400发出的光束经反光杯500反射后出射。
其中，所述反光杯500的弧面为椭球曲面的一部分，且上反光杯和下反光杯所对应的椭球焦距不同；所述上反光杯具有第一上焦点和第二上焦点601，所述下反光杯具有第一下焦点和第二下焦点（图中未示出）；所述LED光源400的发光中心位于所述第一上焦点，所述LED光源400发出的光束，大部分被所述反光杯500的后段502收集，并聚焦于所述第二上焦点601；所述激光器200发出的光束投射于波长转换器300的位置为激发点中心，所述激发点中心位于所述第一下焦点，所述激光器200发出的部分激光光束经过波长转换器300激发，成为激发光束202，激发光束202与未被激发的激光光束201组合成为白光，所述合成白光大部分被下反光杯收集，并聚焦于所述第二下焦点；所述第二下焦点的附近设有远近光变换挡片800，所述远近光变换挡片800移入所述第二下焦点的位置，遮挡全部或部分合成白光；移出所述第二下焦点的位置，不遮挡合成白光，所述远近光变换挡片800通过移入或移出所述第二下焦点的位置，实现切换远近光照明。
其中，所述第二上焦点601和第二下焦点在同一焦平面 上，所述焦平面与前照灯出光光轴垂直。
其中，所述合成白光经过反光杯500聚焦于焦平面下方，并投射于透镜700的上半部分出射；所述LED光束经过反光杯500聚焦于焦平面的上方，并投射于透镜700的下半部分出射。
所述的上反光杯的第二上焦点601与所述的下反光杯的第二下焦点形成同一垂直于前照灯光轴的焦平面上，且经上反光杯聚焦的LED光线位于经下反光杯聚焦的激发光线的上方，这样经聚焦后的LED发出与激发光统一经透镜700投射到前方达到照明效果。位于焦平面上方的LED光经透镜700后投射到汽车行驶前方的照明处的下方，而激发光位于照明位置的上方，这样形成LED光束更利于近光照明，而激发光则更利于远距离的远光照明。
这样的设计优势，充分利用了激光作为理想光源，可以把光束照明的角度做得比较窄，以达到更好的照明效果。
显然，本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明技术方案所作的举例，而并非是对本发明的具体实施方式的限定。凡在本发明权利要求书的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种汽车前照灯，其特征在于，包括前照灯基板、激光器、LED光源、反光杯、波长转换器和透镜，所述激光器和LED光源安装于前照灯基板上，所述激光器出射激光，且激光依次经过波长转换器、反光杯和透镜后出射，所述LED光源出射的光束依次经过反光杯和透镜后出射；当前照灯的近光灯打开，仅有LED光源从透镜出射，或LED光源和小部分激光同时从透镜出射；当前照灯的远光灯打开，LED光源和激光同时从透镜出射。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种汽车前照灯，其特征在于，还包括远近光变换挡片，所述远近光变换挡片设在反光杯和透镜之间，并可在光路中移入移出，实现切换远光和近光照明。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种汽车前照灯，其特征在于，所述前照灯基板沿激光器的出光方向分为前部、中部和后部，其中，所述激光器安装于前照灯基板的前部，激光器发出的光束依次经过中部和后部，且中部和后部之间设有一斜面，所述波长转换器设在所述斜面上。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种汽车前照灯，其特征在于，所述前照灯基板的底面延长线与所述斜面之间形成夹角，所述夹角的角度范围在30°～60°之间。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的一种汽车前照灯，其特征在于，所述前照灯基板的中部向内凹陷设置。
  6. 根据权利要求1或3所述的一种汽车前照灯，其特征在于，所述激光器发射出第一波长的激光光束，第一波长的激光光束照射在波长转换装置上，部分转换成激发光束，激发光束与未转换的第一波长激光光束组合成为合成白光出射。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种汽车前照灯，其特征在于，所述前照灯基板由金属制成，且至少在前照灯基板的一侧安装有散热器，所述散热器通过前照灯基板给激光器和LED光源散热。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的一种汽车前照灯，其特征在于，所述LED光源设在波长转换器之后，且与波长转换器紧密贴近。
  9. 根据权利要求3所述的一种汽车前照灯，其特征在于，所述LED光源设在波长转换器之前，且与波长转换器紧密贴近。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的一种汽车前照灯，其特征在于，所述反光杯设在波长转换器和LED光源的上方；所述反光杯包括前段和后段，且前段和后段纵截面的弧度不同，前段和后段之间无缝拼接。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的一种汽车前照灯，其特征在于，所述反光杯的弧面为椭球曲面的一部分，且反光杯的前段和后段所对应的椭球焦距不同；
    所述反光杯的前段具有前段第一焦点和前段第二焦点，所述反光杯的后段具有后段第一焦点和后段第二焦点；
    所述激光器发出的激光光束投射于波长转换器的位置为激发点中心，所述前段第一焦点位于所述激发点中心上，所述激光器发出的部分激光光束经过波长转换器激发，成为激发光束，激发光束与未被激发的激光光束组合成为合成白光，所述合成白光大部分被反光杯的前段收集，并聚焦于所述前段第二焦点上；
    所述后段第一焦点位于所述LED光源的发光中心上，所述LED光源发出的光束，大部分被所述反光杯的后段收集，并聚焦于所述后段第二焦点上；
    所述前段第二焦点的附近设有远近光变换挡片，所述远近光变换挡片移入所述前段第二焦点的位置，遮挡全部或部分合成白光，所述远近光变换挡片移出所述前段第二焦点的位置，不遮挡合成白光，所述远近光变换挡片通过移入或移出所述前段第二焦点的位置，实现切换远近光照明。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的一种汽车前照灯，其特征在于，所述前段第二焦点和所述后段第二焦点位于同一焦平面上。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的一种汽车前照灯，其特征在于，所述合成白光从透镜出射的光轴位置低于LED光束从透镜出射的光轴位置。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的一种汽车前照灯，其特征在于，所述合成白光经过所述透镜，形成小角度的照明光束，所述LED光束经过所述透镜，形成大角度的照明光束。
  15. 根据权利要求8或9所述的一种汽车前照灯，其特征在于，所述LED光源和激光器发出的光束从透镜的下半部分出光。
  16. 根据权利要求1或3所述的一种汽车前照灯，其特征在于，所述前照灯基板分为上侧和下侧，所述激光器和波长转换器分别设于前照灯基板的下侧；所述LED光源设于前照灯基板的上侧。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的一种汽车前照灯，其特征在于，所述反光杯分为上反光杯和下反光杯；所述上反光杯设于LED光源的上方，下反光杯设于波长转换器的下方；所述激光器发出的光束依次经过波长转换器和反光杯的反射后投射出去，所述LED光源发出的光束经反光杯反射后出射。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的一种汽车前照灯，其特征在于，所述反光杯的弧面为椭球曲面的一部分，且上反光杯和下反光杯所对应的椭球焦距不同；
    所述上反光杯具有第一上焦点和第二上焦点，所述下反光杯具有第一下焦点和第二下焦点；
    所述第一上焦点位于LED光源的发光中心，所述LED光源发出的光束，大部分被所述上反光杯收集，并聚焦于所述第二上焦点；
    所述激光器发出的光束投射于波长转换器的位置为激发点中心，所述第一下焦点位于所述激发点中心，所述激光器发出的部分激光光束经过波长转换器激发，成为激发光束，激发光束与未被激发的激光光束组合成为合成白光，所述合成白光被下反光杯收集，并聚焦于所述第二下焦点；
    所述第二下焦点的附近设有远近光变换挡片，所述远近光变换挡片移入所述第二下焦点的位置，遮挡全部或部分合成白光，移出所述第二下焦点的位置，不遮挡合成白光，所述远近光变换挡片通过移入或移出所述第二下焦点的位置，实现切换远近光照明。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的一种汽车前照灯，其特征在于，所述第二上焦点和第二下焦点在同一焦平面上，所述焦平面与前照灯出光光轴垂直。
  20. 根据权利要求18所述的一种汽车前照灯，其特征在于，所述合成白光经过反光杯聚焦于焦平面的下方，并投射于透镜的上半部分出射；所述LED光源发出的光束经过反光杯聚焦于焦平面的上方，并投射于透镜的下半部分出射。
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