WO2021109181A1 - 一种高强度轻质复合楼板及其楼板层系统 - Google Patents

一种高强度轻质复合楼板及其楼板层系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021109181A1
WO2021109181A1 PCT/CN2019/124538 CN2019124538W WO2021109181A1 WO 2021109181 A1 WO2021109181 A1 WO 2021109181A1 CN 2019124538 W CN2019124538 W CN 2019124538W WO 2021109181 A1 WO2021109181 A1 WO 2021109181A1
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Prior art keywords
steel plate
floor slab
composite floor
lightweight composite
strength lightweight
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PCT/CN2019/124538
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张淳崴
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张淳崴
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Publication of WO2021109181A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021109181A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/023—Separate connecting devices for prefabricated floor-slabs

Definitions

  • Buildings usually have more than one floor, and a floor slab is required between two adjacent floors to separate the two floors.
  • the load-bearing part of the floor layer divides the house into several layers in the vertical direction, and transmits the vertical load such as people and furniture and the floor weight to the foundation through walls, beams or columns.
  • the floor slab of the light house structure mainly adopts the form of cast-in-place reinforced concrete floor.
  • the cast-in-place reinforced concrete floor has the advantages of good stability and high structural strength.
  • the cast-in-place reinforced concrete floor requires multiple construction processes such as formwork, tying of steel bars, concrete pouring, curing, and mold removal at the construction site. Then, after the floor concrete is cured to reach the design strength, the upper structure is installed.
  • Reinforced concrete floor slabs are relatively heavy. In addition to high requirements for vertical load-bearing components, they also require large-scale machinery to participate in the construction. It is not suitable for areas with restricted road conditions and has a large impact on the construction site environment. At the same time, it is installed on site. The technical requirements are high, and ordinary workers cannot operate it.
  • Reinforced concrete floor slabs have complicated construction procedures and long construction period. Generally, it takes about 7-10 days for normal maintenance to remove the molds. In winter, the maintenance time is longer, and it takes 10-15 days to remove the molds. The construction efficiency is low.
  • Reinforced concrete floor slab can only be used once. After installation, it cannot be removed and reused. It is easy to produce a large amount of construction waste and waste resources, which does not meet the requirements of green environmental protection and civilized construction advocated by modern society.
  • the embodiments of the application provide a high-strength lightweight composite floor slab and floor slab layer system, which solves the problem of heavy weight, complex construction procedures, high technical requirements, long construction period, and only one-time use of reinforced concrete floor slabs in the prior art.
  • the technical problems of the slab greatly reduce the weight of the floor slab, the construction process is simple, the technical requirements for on-site installation are low, the construction period is short, and it can be reused after removal, which meets the requirements of green environmental protection and civilized construction.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a high-strength lightweight composite floor slab, including:
  • a steel plate pallet which is wrapped on the outside of the polystyrene particle foam concrete slab;
  • the cover plate body is fixed on the upper and lower surfaces of the steel plate tray;
  • the steel plate pallet includes C-shaped steel plates arranged on both sides, and the upper and lower sides of the ends of the C-shaped steel plates on both sides are respectively connected by transversely arranged tensile steel plates to form a quadrilateral frame; the steel wire mesh is fixed to the quadrilateral The bottom of the frame.
  • the upper sides of the middle of the C-shaped steel plates on both sides are also connected by transversely-arranged tension steel plates.
  • the steel wire mesh is fixed to the bottom of the quadrilateral frame by instantaneous whole-surface contact electric welding technology.
  • the steel wire mesh is a rhombic mesh structure formed by steel bars crossing at 45 degrees.
  • the C-shaped steel plate includes a side steel plate, the upper end of the side steel plate is connected to one end of the upper horizontal steel plate, the other end of the upper horizontal steel plate is bent downward to form an upper auxiliary side plate, and the tail of the upper auxiliary side plate is bent inward to form Upper undercut; the lower end of the side steel plate is connected to one end of the lower horizontal steel plate, the other end of the lower horizontal steel plate is bent upward to form a lower auxiliary side plate, and the tail of the lower auxiliary side plate is bent inward to form a lower undercut.
  • the side steel plate is closely attached to the side surface of the polyphenylene particle foam concrete slab in the thickness direction, and the upper horizontal steel plate and the lower horizontal steel plate are respectively closely attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the polyphenylene particle foam concrete slab.
  • the upper auxiliary side plate and the upper undercut, the lower auxiliary side plate and the lower undercut are all inlaid and fixed inside the polystyrene particle foam concrete slab.
  • the side steel plates of the C-shaped steel plates on at least one side are provided with tongues and grooves.
  • the cover plate body is provided with an upper and a lower two, and the cover plate body on the upper side is fixed to the upper surface of the polystyrene particle foam concrete slab and the steel plate tray through self-adhesiveness, and the cover plate on the lower side is self-adhesive.
  • the plate body is fixed to the lower surface of the steel wire mesh of the steel plate pallet through self-adhesion; and the cover plate body is also connected and fixed to the C-shaped steel plate of the steel plate pallet through nailing.
  • the cover board body is a cement wood wool board.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a high-strength lightweight composite floor system, which is characterized in that it is formed by splicing the above-mentioned high-strength lightweight composite floor slabs, and the two sides of the steel plate pallet of the high-strength lightweight composite floor slab in the middle
  • the C-shaped steel plates are respectively provided with male and female tongues and grooves, and the male and female grooves of the C-shaped steel plates of the steel plate pallets of the two adjacent high-strength lightweight composite floor slabs are matched and connected and fixed by screws;
  • the side structure of the C-shaped steel plate outside the steel plate tray of the high-strength lightweight composite floor slab at the end is matched with the surface structure of the steel column of the building, and is connected to the steel column of the building by bolts.
  • the side structure of the C-shaped steel plate outside the steel plate tray of the high-strength lightweight composite floor slab is a plane that matches the window structure.
  • a new type of steel plate pallet with frame and bottom was designed. By adding a steel plate pallet on the outside of the polystyrene particle foam concrete slab, the defect that the polystyrene particle foam concrete does not have the grip strength is overcome, making the polystyrene particle foam concrete The material can be used for the floor slab, and the resulting floor slab has the advantages of light weight and high strength.
  • a steel wire mesh is set at the bottom of the steel plate tray, and the steel wire mesh is designed as a diamond-shaped mesh structure formed by steel bars crossing at 45 degrees.
  • the steel wire mesh on the bottom and the C-shaped steel plates on both sides are under integral force.
  • the force of the steel bars is diagonally and cross-spread to the C-shaped steel plate of the quadrilateral frame to form a high-strength overall stressed steel plate tray.
  • the C-shaped steel plate on the side of the steel plate tray can be directly fixed to the steel beam or steel column with bolts.
  • the connection is convenient and fast, and it truly achieves dry work and rapid industrial construction. ; It does not affect the environment of the construction site, and the technical requirements for on-site installation are low. A few ordinary workers can complete the operation, and the construction cost is low.
  • Male and female tongue and groove are set on the C-shaped steel plates on both sides of the floor.
  • Two adjacent floor slabs are connected by male and female grooved C-shaped steel plates, and the male and female grooves of the two C-shaped steel plates connected to each other are connected with screws. Fixing, in this way, can not only realize the positioning connection of the floor slab, but also enhance the torsional strength of the floor system.
  • the polystyrene particle foam concrete board and the two cement wood wool board covers are not only connected by the self-adhesive cement wood wool board, but also connected to the C-shaped steel plates on both sides of the steel plate tray through nails.
  • the connection strength of the entire floor slab is reinforced, and the cement wood wool board will not fall off during use, which ensures the quality of the floor slab.
  • the high-strength lightweight composite floor provided by the embodiments of this application can be pre-fabricated in modules and assembled and connected at the construction site. It is suitable for rapid industrialized dry operation construction, greatly reduces labor costs, and meets the requirements of rapid, precise, and efficient The requirements of construction have promoted the process of building industrialization and have a wide range of application prospects.
  • the high-strength lightweight composite floor slab provided in the embodiments of this application can be removed and reused after installation and use, without generating construction waste, saving resources, and meeting the requirements of green environmental protection and civilized construction advocated by modern society .
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a high-strength lightweight composite floor provided in an embodiment of the application;
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of the high-strength lightweight composite floor provided in an embodiment of the application (the nail shot is not drawn);
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the high-strength lightweight composite floor provided in an embodiment of the application;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the C-shaped steel plate in the embodiment of the application; (a) the side steel plate is provided with a male tongue and groove; (b) the side steel plate is provided with a female tongue and groove;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the floor slabs and between the floor slab and the steel column in the floor slab layer in the embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure where windows are arranged on the floor slab in the embodiment of the application, and the C-shaped steel plate of the floor is not provided with male and female tongues and grooves, and is directly set as a plane structure;
  • Polystyrene particle foam concrete board 1 steel plate pallet 2, cement wood wool board 3, nail shot 4, screw 5, bolt 6, steel column 7;
  • the embodiments of the application provide a high-strength lightweight composite floor slab and floor slab layer system, which solves the problem of heavy weight, complex construction procedures, high technical requirements, long construction period, and only one-time use of reinforced concrete floor slabs in the prior art.
  • the technical problems of the slab greatly reduce the weight of the floor slab, the construction process is simple, the technical requirements for on-site installation are low, the construction period is short, and it can be reused after removal, which meets the requirements of green environmental protection and civilized construction.
  • Polyphenyl particle foam concrete slab is a commonly used lightweight wallboard material at present. It is poured into polyphenyl particle foam concrete slab by adding polystyrene particles to light concrete, and then is covered by cement wood wool board on both sides of the polyphenyl particle foam concrete slab. Become.
  • This kind of lightweight wallboard material has the advantages of heat preservation, heat insulation, sound insulation, light weight, and meeting Class A fire protection standards, so it is widely used in lightweight wall systems. However, this material has the defects of being soft and fragile, and the strength of the wallboard produced is limited, and it is not suitable for construction conditions with high strength requirements.
  • the polystyrene particle foam concrete slab can only be applied to wet construction, and the labor cost of on-site construction is high and the construction time is long.
  • the steel plate pallet includes C-shaped steel plates on both sides.
  • the upper and lower ends of the C-shaped steel plates on both sides are respectively connected by transversely arranged tensile steel plates.
  • the upper side of the middle part of the C-shaped steel plate is also connected by the transversely arranged tensile steel plates to form a quadrilateral frame.
  • the steel wire mesh is fixed to the bottom of the quadrilateral frame by instantaneous full-surface contact welding technology to form a framed and bottomed "plate".
  • the steel wire mesh is a diamond-shaped mesh structure formed by steel bars crossing at 45 degrees.
  • the steel wire mesh on the bottom and the C-shaped steel plates on both sides are under integral force. Because of the use of instantaneous whole-surface contact electric welding technology, after the 45-degree diamond mesh is welded to the C-shaped steel plate, the force of the steel bar is diagonally crossed to the C-shaped steel plate of the quadrilateral frame, forming a high-strength overall stressed steel plate tray.
  • the polyphenylene particle foam concrete material can be used for the floor slab, and the obtained floor slab has the advantages of light weight and high strength.
  • C-shaped steel plates with male and female tongue and groove are designed at both ends of the floor, and two adjacent floor slabs are connected by male and female grooved C-shaped steel plates, and the two C-shaped steel plates connected to each other are bolted to the male and female grooves. Fixing, in this way, can not only realize the positioning connection of the floor slab, but also enhance the torsional strength of the floor system.
  • the steel plate pallet can be directly fixed to the steel beam or steel column with bolts.
  • the connection is convenient and fast, and it truly achieves dry operation and rapid industrial construction without affecting the construction site.
  • the technical requirements for on-site installation are low, and a few ordinary workers can complete the operation, and the construction cost is low.
  • the floor slab provided in the embodiment of the application can be removed and reused without generating construction waste, saving resources, and meeting the requirements of green environmental protection and civilized construction advocated by modern society.
  • Figures 1 to 3 are respectively a schematic diagram, an exploded view and a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the high-strength lightweight floor slab provided in this embodiment.
  • the high-strength lightweight composite floor is composed of polystyrene particle foam concrete slab 1, steel plate tray 2 , Cement wood wool board 3, nailing 4 and other components.
  • the polystyrene particle foamed concrete slab 1 is formed by pouring lightweight concrete and polystyrene particles.
  • the bulk density of the polyphenylene particle foam concrete slab 1 is less than 800 kg/m 3 , and it has the advantages of heat preservation, heat insulation, sound insulation, light weight, and meeting Class A fire protection standards.
  • the steel plate pallet 2 includes C-shaped steel plates 21 on both sides.
  • the upper and lower ends of the C-shaped steel plates 21 on both sides are respectively connected by transversely arranged tensile steel plates 22.
  • the upper and middle sides of the C-shaped steel plates on both sides are also They are connected by the transversely arranged tensile steel plates 22 to form a quadrilateral frame.
  • the steel mesh 23 is fixed to the bottom of the quadrilateral frame by instantaneous whole-surface contact electric welding technology to form a "plate" with a frame and a bottom.
  • the steel wire mesh 23 is a diamond-shaped mesh structure formed by steel bars crossing at 45 degrees.
  • the steel wire mesh 23 on the bottom surface and the C-shaped steel plates 21 on both sides are integrally stressed. Because of the use of instantaneous whole-surface contact electric welding technology, after the 45-degree diamond mesh is welded to the C-shaped steel plate, the force of the steel bar is diagonally crossed to the C-shaped steel plate of the quadrilateral frame, forming a high-strength overall stressed steel plate tray.
  • the above-mentioned specially designed quadrilateral steel plate pallet 2 is fixed on the outside of the polystyrene particle foam concrete slab 1, and then cement wood wool board 3 is fixed on the upper and lower surfaces of the steel plate pallet 2 as a cover.
  • the C-shaped steel plate 21 includes a side steel plate 211, one end of the side steel plate 211 is vertically connected to one end of the upper horizontal steel plate 212, and the other end of the upper horizontal steel plate 212 is bent downward to form an upper auxiliary side plate 213, an upper auxiliary side plate 213
  • the tail of the side steel plate 211 is bent inward to form an upper undercut 214; the lower end of the side steel plate 211 is connected to one end of the lower horizontal steel plate 215, and the other end of the lower horizontal steel plate 215 is bent upward to form a lower auxiliary side plate 216, and the tail of the lower auxiliary side plate 216
  • the lower hook 217 is formed by bending inward.
  • the C-shaped steel plate 21 has a symmetrical structure.
  • the side steel plates 211 of the C-shaped steel plates 21 on both sides of the steel plate tray 2 are respectively provided with male and female tongues and grooves.
  • the male and female tongues and grooves are respectively matchedly arranged convex structures and concave structures.
  • the side surface in the thickness direction of the polystyrene granular foam concrete slab 1 is in close contact with the side surface steel plate 211 of the C-shaped steel plate 21.
  • the upper horizontal steel plate 212 and the lower horizontal steel plate 215 of the C-shaped steel plate 21 are respectively attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the polystyrene particle foam concrete slab 1, the upper auxiliary side plate 213 and the upper undercut 214, the lower auxiliary side plate 216 and the lower undercut 217 are all inlaid inside the polystyrene granular foam concrete slab 1.
  • the polystyrene granular foam concrete, steel plate pallet 2, cement wood wool board 3 are all placed in the mold, and they are integrally poured into shape.
  • the cement wood wool board 3 itself is self-adhesive.
  • the cement wood wool board 3 on the upper side is pasted on the upper surface of the polystyrene particle foam concrete board 1, and the cement wood wool board 3 on the lower side is pasted on the lower surface of the steel wire mesh 23 while passing through
  • the nail 4 connects and fixes the cement wood wool board 3 with the C-shaped steel plate 21 of the steel plate pallet 2, which further strengthens the strength of the entire floor slab and ensures that the cement wood wool board 3 will not fall off during the use of the building.
  • the high-strength lightweight composite floor slab provided in this embodiment can be prefabricated with multiple modules, and then transported to the construction site for assembly.
  • the male and female side steel plates 211 of the C-shaped steel plates 21 of two adjacent floor slabs are matched and matched tightly, and the side steel plates 211 of the C-shaped steel plates 21 of the two adjacent floor slabs are fixed by screws 5 to form a large
  • the area of the floor system is shown in Figure 5.
  • the side steel plates 211 of the C-shaped steel plate 21 on the outermost side of the floor slab are not provided with male and female tongues and grooves, and can be directly set as a plane, as shown in FIG. 6.
  • the side steel plate 211 of the C-shaped steel plate 21 on the outside of the steel plate pallet 2 is a flat structure, and the side steel plate 211 of the C-shaped steel plate 21 on the inner side of the steel plate pallet 2 is provided with a concave female
  • the specific structure is determined according to the specific application conditions.
  • polystyrene particle foam concrete slab 1 in this embodiment can also be replaced with other lightweight wall core panels, and the cement wood wool board 3 in this embodiment can also be replaced.
  • the polystyrene particle foam concrete slab 1 in this embodiment can also be replaced with other lightweight wall core panels, and the cement wood wool board 3 in this embodiment can also be replaced.
  • the cement wood wool board 3 in this embodiment can also be replaced.

Abstract

一种高强度轻质复合楼板及其楼板层系统，包括：聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土板（1）；钢板托盘（2），包覆于聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土板（1）的外部；封面板体，固定于钢板托盘（2）的上下表面；钢板托盘（2）包括设于两侧的C型钢板（21），两侧的C型钢板（21）的端部上下侧分别通过横向设置的拉接钢板（22）连接，形成四边形框架；钢丝网（23）固定于四边形框架的底部；该高强度轻质复合楼板通过在聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土板的外侧加装钢板托盘，克服了聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土不具有握筋力的缺陷，使得聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土材质可用于楼板，所得的楼板具有质量轻、强度高的优势，且建造工序简单，现场安装的技术要求低，施工周期短，还可拆除后重复利用，符合绿色环保和文明施工的要求。

Description

一种高强度轻质复合楼板及其楼板层系统 技术领域
本发明涉及建筑材料技术领域，尤其涉及一种适用于快速工业化干作业施工的高强度轻质复合楼板及其楼板层系统。
背景技术
随着经济水平的提高和城市化进程的加快，整个社会的建筑规模越来越大，这也对施工成本和施工效率提出了更高的要求。建筑楼房通常都有不只一层，相邻两层之间需要设置楼板，将两个楼层隔开。楼板层中的承重部分，将房屋垂直方向分隔为若干层，并把人和家具等竖向荷载及楼板自重通过墙体、梁或柱传给基础。
在现有的房屋建造技术中，轻型房屋结构的楼板主要采用的是现浇钢筋混凝土楼板形式，现浇钢筋混凝土楼板具有稳定性好、结构强度大的优点。现浇钢筋混凝土楼板需要在施工现场进行支模、绑扎钢筋、浇筑混凝土、养护、拆模等多道施工工序，然后在楼板混凝土养护达到设计强度后，再进行上部结构的安装。
但本申请发明人在实现本申请实施例中发明技术方案的过程中，发现上述技术至少存在如下技术问题：
1、钢筋混凝土楼板，自身重量较重，除对竖向受力构件要求高外，还需要大型机械参与建造，对于路面条件有限制的区域并不适用，对施工现场环境影响大，同时现场安装的技术要求较高，普通工人无法操作。
2、钢筋混凝土楼板，建造工序复杂，施工周期长，一般需正常养护7-10天左右才能拆模，冬季的养护时间更长，需要10-15天才 能拆模，施工效率较低。
3、钢筋混凝土楼板，只能一次性使用，在安装完成后，不可拆除后重复利用，易产生大量建筑垃圾，造成资源浪费，不符合现代社会所倡导的绿色环保和文明施工的要求。
发明内容
本申请实施例通过提供一种高强度轻质复合楼板及其楼板层系统，解决了现有技术中钢筋混凝土楼板自身重量重、建造工序复杂、技术要求高、施工周期长、只能一次性使用的技术问题，使楼板的重量大大降低，建造工序简单，现场安装的技术要求低，施工周期短，且可拆除后重复利用，符合绿色环保和文明施工的要求。
本申请实施例提供了一种高强度轻质复合楼板，包括：
聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土板；
钢板托盘，包覆于所述聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土板的外部；
封面板体，固定于所述钢板托盘的上、下表面；
所述钢板托盘包括设于两侧的C型钢板，所述两侧的C型钢板的端部上、下侧分别通过横向设置的拉接钢板连接，形成四边形框架；钢丝网固定于所述四边形框架的底部。
优选地，所述两侧的C型钢板的中部上侧也通过横向设置的拉接钢板连接。
优选地，所述钢丝网通过瞬间整面触点电焊技术固定于所述四边形框架的底部。
优选地，所述钢丝网为由钢筋成45度交叉形成的菱形网状结构。
优选地，所述C型钢板包括侧面钢板，侧面钢板的上端连接上水平钢板的一端，上水平钢板的另一端向下折弯形成上辅助侧板，上辅助侧板的尾部向内侧折弯形成上倒勾；侧面钢板的下端连接下水平 钢板的一端，下水平钢板的另一端向上侧折弯形成下辅助侧板，下辅助侧板的尾部向内侧折弯形成下倒勾。
更优选地，所述侧面钢板紧贴所述聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土板厚度方向侧面，所述上水平钢板、下水平钢板分别紧贴所述聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土板的上、下表面，所述上辅助侧板及上倒勾、下辅助侧板及下倒勾均镶嵌固定于所述聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土板的内部。
优选地，所述钢板托盘两侧的C型钢板中，至少一侧的C型钢板的侧面钢板上设有企口。
优选地，所述封面板体设有上、下两个，上侧的所述封面板体通过自粘性固定于所述聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土板及钢板托盘的上表面，下侧的所述封面板体通过自粘性固定于所述钢板托盘的钢丝网的下表面；且所述封面板体还通过射钉与所述钢板托盘的C型钢板连接固定。
优选地，所述封面板体为水泥木丝板。
本申请实施例还提供了一种高强度轻质复合楼板层系统，其特征在于，由上述的高强度轻质复合楼板拼接而成，中间的所述高强度轻质复合楼板的钢板托盘两侧的C型钢板上分别设有公母企口，相邻两块高强度轻质复合楼板的钢板托盘的C型钢板的公母企口匹配连接并通过螺钉固定；
端部的所述高强度轻质复合楼板的钢板托盘外侧的C型钢板的侧面结构与建筑物的钢柱表面结构相匹配，并通过螺栓与建筑物的钢柱连接。
在有窗户设置的位置，所述高强度轻质复合楼板的钢板托盘外侧的C型钢板的侧面结构为与窗户结构相匹配的平面。
本申请实施例中提供的一个或多个技术方案，至少具有如下技术 效果或优点：
1、设计了一个新型的有框有底的钢板托盘，通过在聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土板的外侧加装钢板托盘，克服了聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土不具有握筋力的缺陷，使得聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土材质可用于楼板，所得的楼板具有质量轻、强度高的优势。
2、钢板托盘底部设置钢丝网，且钢丝网设计为由钢筋成45度交叉形成的菱形网结构。底面的钢丝网与两侧的C型钢板整体受力。采用瞬间整面触点电焊技术，45度的菱形网与C型钢板焊接后，将钢筋的力斜向交叉传播在四边形框架的C型钢板上，构成一个高强度的整体受力的钢板托盘。
3、楼板与建筑物钢梁或钢柱连接时，直接用螺栓将钢板托盘侧面的C型钢板固定在钢梁或钢柱上即可，连接方便、快速，真正做到了干作业，快速工业化施工；不影响施工现场的环境，同时现场安装的技术要求较低，少数的普通工人即可完成操作，施工成本低。
4、楼板两侧的C型钢板上分别设置公母企口，相邻两块楼板通过公母企口的C型钢板连接，并用螺钉将互相连接的两个C型钢板的公母企口处固定，如此，不仅可以实现楼板的定位连接，还可以增强楼板层系统的抗扭强度。
5、聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土板与两个水泥木丝板封面之间不仅通过水泥木丝板的自粘性连接，还通过射钉将水泥木丝板与钢板托盘两侧的C型钢板连接，如此加固了整个楼板的连接强度，水泥木丝板在使用过程不会脱落，保证了楼板的使用质量。
6、本申请实施例提供的高强度轻质复合楼板，可以模块式预先制作好，到施工现场拼装连接即可，适用于快速工业化干作业施工，大大降低了劳动力成本，满足快速、精密、高效施工的要求，推进了 建筑工业化的进程，具有广泛的应用前景。
7、本申请实施例提供的高强度轻质复合楼板，在安装使用完成后，可以拆除后重复利用，不会产生建筑垃圾，节约了资源，符合现代社会所倡导的绿色环保和文明施工的要求。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例中提供的高强度轻质复合楼板的整体结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例中提供的高强度轻质复合楼板的爆炸图(射钉未画出)；
图3为本申请实施例中提供的高强度轻质复合楼板的剖面图；
图4为本申请实施例中C型钢板的结构示意图；(a)侧面钢板上设有公企口；(b)侧面钢板上设有母企口；
图5为本申请实施例中楼板层内部的楼板之间及楼板与钢柱之间的连接结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例中楼板层有窗户设置的地方，楼板的C型钢板上不设置公母企口，直接设置为平面的结构示意图；
附图标记说明：
聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土板1，钢板托盘2，水泥木丝板3，射钉4，螺钉5，螺栓6，钢柱7；
C型钢板21，拉接钢板22，钢丝网23；
侧面钢板211，上水平钢板212，上辅助侧板213，上倒勾214，下水平钢板215，下辅助侧板216，下倒勾217。
具体实施方式
本申请实施例通过提供一种高强度轻质复合楼板及其楼板层系 统，解决了现有技术中钢筋混凝土楼板自身重量重、建造工序复杂、技术要求高、施工周期长、只能一次性使用的技术问题，使楼板的重量大大降低，建造工序简单，现场安装的技术要求低，施工周期短，且可拆除后重复利用，符合绿色环保和文明施工的要求。
本申请实施例中的技术方案为解决上述串扰的问题，总体思路如下：
聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土板是目前常用的轻质墙板材料，通过轻质混凝土加聚苯乙烯颗粒浇筑成聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土板，然后在聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土板两侧通过水泥木丝板封面而成。此类轻质墙板材料具有保温、隔热、隔声、重量轻、满足甲级防火标准等优点，因此被广泛应用于轻质墙体系统。但是这种材料具有松软易碎的缺陷，所制成的墙板强度有限，不适用于强度要求高的建筑工况。同时聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土板只能适用于湿作业施工，现场施工的人力成本高，施工时间长。
传统的钢筋混凝土楼板的钢筋是纵向直布的，但聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土是不具有握筋力的，因此聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土并没有用于楼板的先例。
为此，设计一种新的四边形的钢板托盘，钢板托盘包括设于两侧的C型钢板，两侧的C型钢板的端部上、下侧分别通过横向设置的拉接钢板连接，两侧的C型钢板的中部上侧也通过横向设置的拉接钢板连接，形成四边形框架，钢丝网通过瞬间整面触点电焊技术固定于四边形框架底部，形成一个有框有底的“盘子”。
其中，钢丝网为由钢筋成45度交叉形成的菱形网结构。底面的钢丝网与两侧的C型钢板整体受力。因为采用了瞬间整面触点电焊技术，45度的菱形网与C型钢板焊接后，将钢筋的力斜向交叉传播 在四边形框架的C型钢板上，构成一个高强度的整体受力的钢板托盘。
将上述特殊设计的四边形的钢板托盘固定在聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土板的外部，再在钢板托盘的上、下表面固定水泥木丝板作为封面，聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土板与水泥木丝板封面通过水泥木丝板的自粘性连接，同时还通过射钉将水泥木丝板与钢板托盘固定，如此加固了整个楼板的强度。
由于在聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土板的外侧加装了钢板托盘，使得聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土材质可用于楼板，所得的楼板具有质量轻、强度高的优势。
相邻两块楼板通过钢板托盘侧面的C型钢板连接，拼接成大面积楼板层。优选地，在楼板两端设计公母企口的C型钢板，相邻两块楼板通过公母企口的C型钢板连接，并用螺钉将互相连接的两个C型钢板的公母企口处固定，如此，不仅可以实现楼板的定位连接，还可以增强楼板层系统的抗扭强度。
同时，楼板与建筑物钢梁或钢柱连接时，直接用螺栓将钢板托盘固定在钢梁或钢柱上即可，连接方便、快速，真正做到了干作业，快速工业化施工，不影响施工现场的环境，同时现场安装的技术要求较低，少数的普通工人即可完成操作，施工成本低。
此外，在安装使用完成后，本申请实施例提供的楼板可以拆除后重复利用，不会产生建筑垃圾，节约了资源，符合现代社会所倡导的绿色环保和文明施工的要求。
为了更好的理解上述技术方案，下面将结合说明书附图以及具体的实施方式对上述技术方案进行详细的说明。
图1～图3分别为本实施例中提供的高强度轻质楼板的整体结构 示意图、爆炸图和剖面图，所述的高强度轻质复合楼板由聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土板1、钢板托盘2、水泥木丝板3、射钉4等部件组成。
其中，聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土板1是通过轻质混凝土加聚苯乙烯颗粒浇筑而成。市面上有很多这种材质的板，如：上海康尼建材科技有限公司生产的“康尼板”，广东松本绿色板业股份有限公司生产的“松本板”等。聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土板1的容重小于800kg/m 3，具有保温、隔热、隔声、重量轻、满足甲级防火标准等优点。
钢板托盘2包括设于两侧的C型钢板21，两侧的C型钢板21的端部上、下侧分别通过横向设置的拉接钢板22连接，两侧的C型钢板的中部上侧也通过横向设置的拉接钢板22连接，形成四边形框架。钢丝网23通过瞬间整面触点电焊技术固定于四边形框架底部，形成一个有框有底的“盘子”。
其中，钢丝网23为由钢筋成45度交叉形成的菱形网结构。底面的钢丝网23与两侧的C型钢板21整体受力。因为采用了瞬间整面触点电焊技术，45度的菱形网与C型钢板焊接后，将钢筋的力斜向交叉传播在四边形框架的C型钢板上，构成一个高强度的整体受力的钢板托盘。
将上述特殊设计的四边形的钢板托盘2固定在聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土板1的外部，再在钢板托盘2的上、下表面固定水泥木丝板3作为封面。
结合图4，C型钢板21包括侧面钢板211，侧面钢板211的一端垂直连接上水平钢板212的一端，上水平钢板212的另一端向下折弯形成上辅助侧板213，上辅助侧板213的尾部向内侧折弯形成上倒勾214；侧面钢板211的下端连接下水平钢板215的一端，下水平钢板215的另一端向上侧折弯形成下辅助侧板216，下辅助侧板216的尾 部向内侧折弯形成下倒勾217。C型钢板21为对称结构。
钢板托盘2两侧的C型钢板21的侧面钢板211上分别设置有公母企口，本实施例中，公、母企口分别为匹配设置的外凸结构、内凹结构。
聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土板1的厚度方向侧面与C型钢板21的侧面钢板211紧贴。C型钢板21的上水平钢板212、下水平钢板215分别贴紧聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土板1的上、下表面，上辅助侧板213及上倒勾214、下辅助侧板216及下倒勾217均镶嵌于聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土板1内部。
浇筑的时候，聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土、钢板托盘2、水泥木丝板3均放置于模具内，一体浇筑成型。水泥木丝板3本身具有自粘性，上侧的水泥木丝板3粘贴于聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土板1的上表面，下侧的水泥木丝板3粘贴于钢丝网23的下表面，同时通过射钉4将水泥木丝板3与钢板托盘2的C型钢板21连接固定，如此进一步加固了整个楼板的强度，保证楼使用过程中，水泥木丝板3不会脱落。
本实施例中提供的高强度轻质复合楼板可以预先制作多个模块，然后运输至施工现场进行拼装。拼装时，相邻两块楼板的C型钢板21的侧面钢板211的公母企口匹配紧贴，并通过螺钉5将相邻两块楼板的C型钢板21的侧面钢板211固定，拼接成大面积的楼板层系统，如图5所示。
本实施例中提供的高强度轻质复合楼板与施工现场的建筑物钢柱7连接时，用螺栓6依次穿过钢柱7、水泥木丝板3、C型钢板21的上水平钢板212或下水平钢板215并固定，如图5所示。外墙板与钢柱的连接方便、快速，真正做到了干作业，快速工业化施工，突破了传统聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土板松软易碎、只能适用于湿作业的局限。
针对有窗户设置的地方，则楼板的最外侧的C型钢板21的侧面钢板211上不设置公母企口，直接设置为平面即可，如图6所示。此时最外侧的高强度轻质复合楼板中，钢板托盘2外侧的C型钢板21的侧面钢板211为平面结构，钢板托盘2内侧的C型钢板21的侧面钢板211上设有内凹的母企口或外凸的公企口，具体结构根据具体的应用工况确定。
值得说明的是，根据不同的使用工况，本实施例中的聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土板1也可以替换为其它的轻质墙体芯板，本实施例中的水泥木丝板3也可以替换为其它的封面。
应当理解的是，在本说明书中提到或者可能提到的上、下、左、右、前、后、正面、背面、顶部、底部等方位用语是相对于各附图中所示的构造进行定义的，它们是相对的概念，因此有可能会根据其所处不同位置、不同使用状态而进行相应地变化。所以，也不应当将这些或者其他的方位用语解释为限制性用语。
以上所述，仅为本申请的较佳实施例，并非对本申请任何形式上和实质上的限制，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员，在不脱离本申请方法的前提下，还将可以做出若干改进和补充，这些改进和补充也应视为本申请的保护范围。凡熟悉本专业的技术人员，在不脱离本申请的精神和范围的情况下，当可利用以上所揭示的技术内容而做出的些许更动、修饰与演变的等同变化，均为本申请的等效实施例；同时，凡依据本申请的实质技术对上述实施例所作的任何等同变化的更动、修饰与演变，均仍属于本申请的技术方案的范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种高强度轻质复合楼板，包括：
    聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土板(1)；
    钢板托盘(2)，包覆于所述聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土板(1)的外部；
    封面板体，固定于所述钢板托盘(2)的上、下表面；
    所述钢板托盘(2)包括设于两侧的C型钢板(21)，所述两侧的C型钢板(21)的端部上、下侧分别通过横向设置的拉接钢板(22)连接，形成四边形框架；钢丝网(23)固定于所述四边形框架的底部。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的高强度轻质复合楼板，其特征在于，所述两侧的C型钢板(21)的中部上侧也通过横向设置的拉接钢板(22)连接。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的高强度轻质复合楼板，其特征在于，所述钢丝网(23)通过瞬间整面触点电焊技术固定于所述四边形框架的底部。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的高强度轻质复合楼板，其特征在于，所述钢丝网(23)为由钢筋成45度交叉形成的菱形网状结构。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的高强度轻质复合楼板，其特征在于，所述C型钢板(21)包括侧面钢板(211)，侧面钢板(211)的上端连接上水平钢板(212)的一端，上水平钢板(212)的另一端向下折弯形成上辅助侧板(213)，上辅助侧板(213)的尾部向内侧折弯形成上倒勾(214)；侧面钢板(211)的下端连接下水平钢板(215)的一端，下水平钢板(215)的另一端向上侧折弯形成下辅助侧板(216)，下辅助侧板(216)的尾部向内侧折弯形成下倒勾(217)。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的高强度轻质复合楼板，其特征在于，所 述侧面钢板(211)紧贴所述聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土板(1)厚度方向侧面，所述上水平钢板(212)、下水平钢板(215)分别紧贴所述聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土板(1)的上、下表面，所述上辅助侧板(213)及上倒勾(214)、下辅助侧板(215)及下倒勾(217)均镶嵌固定于所述聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土板(1)的内部。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的高强度轻质复合楼板，其特征在于，所述钢板托盘(2)两侧的C型钢板(21)中，至少一侧的C型钢板(21)的侧面钢板(211)上设有企口。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的高强度轻质复合楼板，其特征在于，所述封面板体设有上、下两个，上侧的所述封面板体通过自粘性固定于所述聚苯颗粒泡沫混凝土板(1)及钢板托盘(2)的上表面，下侧的所述封面板体通过自粘性固定于所述钢板托盘(2)的钢丝网(23)的下表面；且所述封面板体还通过射钉(4)与所述钢板托盘(2)的C型钢板(21)连接固定。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的高强度轻质复合楼板，其特征在于，所述封面板体为水泥木丝板。
  10. 一种高强度轻质复合楼板层系统，其特征在于，由如权利要求1～9任一项所述的高强度轻质复合楼板拼接而成，中间的所述高强度轻质复合楼板的钢板托盘(2)两侧的C型钢板(21)上分别设有公母企口，相邻两块高强度轻质复合楼板的钢板托盘(2)的C型钢板(21)的公母企口匹配连接并通过螺钉(5)固定；
    端部的所述高强度轻质复合楼板的钢板托盘(2)外侧的C型钢板(21)的侧面结构与建筑物的钢柱表面结构相匹配，并通过螺栓(6)与建筑物的钢柱连接。
    在有窗户设置的位置，所述高强度轻质复合楼板的钢板托盘(2) 外侧的C型钢板(21)的侧面结构为与窗户结构相匹配的平面。
PCT/CN2019/124538 2019-12-04 2019-12-11 一种高强度轻质复合楼板及其楼板层系统 WO2021109181A1 (zh)

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