WO2021108932A1 - Composición rica en polifenoles y flavonoides para uso como bioestimulante y antimicrobiano de aplicación en agricultura - Google Patents
Composición rica en polifenoles y flavonoides para uso como bioestimulante y antimicrobiano de aplicación en agricultura Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/16—Ericaceae [Heath or Blueberry family], e.g. rhododendron, arbutus, pieris, cranberry or bilberry
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/22—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing ingredients stabilising the active ingredients
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
- A01N31/08—Oxygen or sulfur directly attached to an aromatic ring system
- A01N31/16—Oxygen or sulfur directly attached to an aromatic ring system with two or more oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached to the same aromatic ring system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P1/00—Disinfectants; Antimicrobial compounds or mixtures thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P21/00—Plant growth regulators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Definitions
- the invention provides compositions with biostimulant action made from plant extracts, preferably berry leaves.
- the composition prepared according to the present invention makes it possible to prepare formulations for use in agricultural crops and has antimicrobial activity against various pathogens.
- biostimulants which complement the nutrition and protection of crops, and which correspond to any substance or microorganism that, when applied to plants, is capable of improving their effectiveness. in the absorption and assimilation of nutrients, its tolerance to biotic or abiotic stress or other agronomic characteristics, regardless of the nutrient content of the substance. Products that contain mixtures of these substances or microorganisms are also considered a plant biostimulant.
- Biostimulants include various formulations for use directly on plants or trees, or to be applied to soils or irrigation water to regulate and improve crops through various ways, making them more efficient, resistant and of better quality.
- Biostimulants are also compatible with agricultural and food practices that promote a low environmental impact of crops, in conjunction with offering healthy food products.
- biostimulants help fertilizers to be more effective, providing essential elements to crops to make them more resistant.
- biostimulant products there are substances, microorganisms or mixtures of them, which are classified into the following categories: humic and fulvic acids; protein hydrolysates, amino acids and peptide mixtures; seaweed and plant extracts; chitosans and other biopolymers; inorganic compounds; as well as beneficial fungi and bacteria, among others.
- it is essential to dispense with chemical synthesis compounds, because modern agriculture is tending to eliminate the use of these compounds due to their effects on the environment, on cultivated plants and eventually, on human health.
- document W02010051814A1 although it is a product for the food industry and not a biostimulant for plants, it is indicated that it corresponds to an extract in water, alcohol or a mixture of them, for use as a natural additive obtained from of leaves or fruits of various species of berries, due to their content of polyphenols, tannins and other compounds with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antiviral properties.
- the invention described in the document being directed to an antioxidant additive for use in food, does not suggest biostimulant actions in plants, it is a nutritional supplement with action as a growth promoter for use in food for domestic animals, characterized by the presence of tannins, compounds absent in the present invention.
- Document CN105497101A describes a methodology where extracts are made from blueberry stems or leaves, which can be fresh or previously dried and crushed. It would be a low-cost process, however, the process contemplates extraction with ethanol, extraction with water, enzymatic hydrolysis, macroporous resin adsorption, membrane separation and use of ultrasound or microwaves. The process disclosed therein may be performed using an extraction in purified or deionized water at 50-60 Q C, performing extraction 2-3 times, followed by ultrafiltration, dialyzed and lyophilized.
- the extracts described in this publication are directed to applications in the food and cosmetic industry, indicating that blueberry leaves contain polyphenols and flavonoids, with no suggestion of applications in other industries and even less of the potential as biostimulant or antimicrobial activity.
- publication US4309207 presents an extract that can be obtained from blueberry leaves, among others, although the expected effect of this extract is the inhibition of plant growth, particularly to inhibit the germination of seeds, the growth of seedlings and fungi (that is, it would have potentially fungicidal action).
- the extraction is carried out with acetone and water, followed by numerous steps such as evaporation, acidification, washing, dissolution, for which a particular component profile would be expected. Therefore, since it is a composition aimed at inhibiting growth, it would not be obvious to use it as a biostimulant in plants.
- the process to prepare the inhibitor extract contemplates its acidification, treatment with acetate, washing, separation of organic and aqueous phases, evaporation and dissolution in solvent.
- blueberry leaf extracts are described that are aimed at eliminating free radicals, where the importance of this use focuses on avoiding damage to tissues and cells of the body that could cause chronic diseases and aging.
- the extraction process although initially it corresponds to an aqueous extraction, where the leaves are pulverized and mixed with hot water (decoction), has additional steps of concentration in macro-porous resin and elution with ethanol.
- the eluted fraction is the one that shows the ability to sequester free radicals.
- an extract made of plant material preferably the fruit, enriched in polyphenols and flavonoids is presented and, although an aqueous sample is mentioned, the extract is made with at least one stage that requires the use of an organic phase .
- the uses for the extract are related to the inhibition of bacterial adherence on various surfaces and for various industries, but especially focused on oral care (rinses).
- the preferred plant material corresponds to cranberries, although it is indicated that the material could be a blueberry fruit, the possibility of making extracts from the leaves is not explicitly identified. There is also no explicit mention for its use in plants, even less as a biostimulant.
- compositions such as that shown by Bulgari et al. (2017), where biostimulants for use in plants are described to improve growth, increasing the yield and quality of the plants.
- Borage extract was used that was sprayed on lettuce plants, improving various parameters, including biomass production, chlorophyll and the content of phenols and flavonoids, it is indicated that the levels of calcium and phenolic compounds in the extracts were measured.
- Borage extracts are made from flowers or leaves, which are crushed and macerated in water for 25 days at room temperature and in the dark, being subsequently filtered and diluted in water for foliar application. Berries or their leaves are not used in this document, but a composition based on borage is used exclusively.
- document US4308047A presents a method for applying an aqueous extract using previously dried oak leaves that are boiled in water to extract the soluble components.
- the extract is used as a biostimulant, indicating that it would contain tannins and natural waxes from oak leaves. Although it is indicated that it can be applied to clean the leaves of plants or the root, it is not explicitly mentioned that it can be used as a foliar biostimulant. It is further noted that the product can be used to clean various surfaces. Since there is no reference to blueberry leaves, this document would not affect the novelty of the invention.
- FIG. 1A Results of Test 1A, in which the effect of the composition of the invention on the yield of hydroponic lettuce type Lo lio bionda cv. Dabi subjected to abiotic stress (poor growth).
- the trial had 7 treatments of 6 applications each: Control treatment without application (T0); biostimulant based on Macrocystis pyrifera A at 3 L / ha (TI) and 1.5 L / ha (T2); biostimulant based on Macrocystis pyrifera B at 3 L / ha (T3) and 1.5 L / ha (T4); and the composition of the invention at 3L / ha (T5) and at 1.5 L / ha (T6).
- Figure 1A shows the results of the fresh weight of the plants in grams
- Figure IB shows the percentages corresponding to the dry weight on the fresh weight. Different letters indicate significant differences (p value ⁇ 0.05).
- Figure 2 Results of Test 2, in which the effect of the composition of the invention on the yield and size of blueberries cv. Duke. The trial had 2 treatments: Control treatment without application (T0); and 3 applications of the composition of the invention at 3 L / ha (TI).
- Figure 2A shows the quantification of the total crop yield in kg / ha
- Figure 2B shows the yields in the 5 harvest dates in percentage yield with respect to the total harvest
- Figure 2C shows the average size of the fruits for the first 4 harvest dates (mm of the equatorial diameter of the fruit).
- Figure 4 Results of Test 4, in which the effect of the composition of the invention on the yield and quality of hydroponic lettuce type Lo lio bionda cv. Dabi subjected to heat stress.
- the applications were made the day before the stimulus (50 ° C for 4 hours).
- the trial had 3 treatments: Control treatment without application (T0); 1 application of a commercial composition based on Ascophyllum nodosum at 3 L / ha (TI) and 1 application of the composition of the invention at 3 L / ha (T2).
- Figure 4A shows the fresh weight (g); in Figure 4B, the dry weight (g); and in figure 4C, recovery from dehydration at week 1 post stress (%).
- Results of Test 5 in which the effect of the composition of the invention on the yield and quality of hydroponic lettuces type Lo lio bionda cv. Dabi subjected to cold stress.
- the applications were made the day before the stimulus (-3 ° C for 4 hours).
- the trial had 3 treatments: Control treatment without application (T0); 1 application of a commercial composition based on Ascophyllum nodosum at 3 L / ha (TI) and 1 application of the composition of the invention at 3 L / ha (T2).
- Figure 5A shows the fresh weight (g); in Figure 5B, the difference in fresh weight of each treatment versus T0 (%);
- Figure 5C the dry weight (g); and in Figure 5D, the chlorophyll concentration (nmol / mg dry weight).
- Results of Test 6 in which the effect of the composition of the invention on the yield and quality of hydroponic lettuce type Lo lio bionda cv. Dabi compared to other natural and synthetic compositions.
- the trial had 6 treatments of 6 applications at 3L / ha each: Control treatment without application (T0); Composition of the Invention (TI); Composition 1 (same raw material, different process than the invention) (T2); Synthetic (synthetic composition based on gallic acid) (T3); Biortig (T4); and Composition 2 (same process, different raw material than the invention) (T5).
- Figure 6A shows the fresh weight (g); in Figure 6B, the dry weight relative to the fresh weight (%); and in Figure 6C, the chlorophyll concentration (nmol / g dry weight).
- Figures 6D and 6E show photographs of T0 and TI respectively of the samples at day 21 at 5 ° C, corresponding to the quantification of postharvest dehydration.
- Figure 7 Inhibitory effect of the composition of the invention on Escherichia coli.
- Figure 7A shows the effect of the composition of the invention at a concentration of 100%; and
- Figure 7B shows the positive control corresponding to 0.1 g / L Ampicillin.
- the test had 5 treatments of 2 applications of the composition of the invention with a dilution of 2%: Control treatment without application (T0); without Bio-3 (TI); with Bio-3 at 25% (T2); with Bio-3 at 50% (T3); and with Bio-3 at 100% (T4).
- Figure 8A shows the height of the seedling (cm) and the diameter of its stem (mm); in Figure 8B, the fresh weight of the aerial part of the seedling (g) and its root (g); and in Figure 8C, the number of leaves and the length of the seedling root (cm).
- the invention provides a composition based on plant extracts, rich in antioxidants, carbohydrates, proteins and micronutrients, essential for the growth and protection of plants against abiotic stress, minimizing their effect, favoring their recovery, quality and plant growth and its fruits.
- the effect of the composition applied in vegetables and fruit trees allows to increase the yield in dry, fresh weight of the plant and / or the rooting of plants, and may even increase the size and general quality of the plant or fruits.
- fresh weight in the context of the present invention is understood as the total weight of a fresh plant just harvested; it can also be considered as the wet weight of the plant under ambient conditions (ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure).
- dry weight will be understood as the total weight of the plant after removing the water content, for example, oven or oven dried.
- the process of preparing the composition made from vegetables comprising berry leaves (preferably blueberry leaves) according to the invention is done with leaves previously dried in the shade or in the sun, in a stove, by microwave, by air. cold or hot, or by lyophilization; in a temperature range between 15-100 ° C, for 0.5 to 96 hours, and ground using a milling equipment by blades, fluted discs, hammer, crushers or combinations of them.
- the process comprises the following stages: a) mixing the dried berry leaves with water in a ratio by weight of solid: liquid between 1: 1 to 1:50 where the water is at a temperature between 20 and 90 ° C; b) stir the mixture at 50 to 800 rpm for 0.5 to 12 hours; c) optionally incorporating preservative or preservative additives and stabilizers while continuing to stir; d) stir the mixture at 50 to 800 rpm for up to an additional 30 min; e) separating the solids and remains of dry leaves from the aqueous portion, where the separation is carried out by filtration, being able to additionally use decantation and / or centrifugation.
- this can be through filters made of paper, cloth, gauze, casing type, stainless steel, membrane, porcelain, plastics, steel or cross-flow filtration; and f) adjusting the concentration of total polyphenols between 4 and 12 g / L of the composition.
- the weight ratio of dried berry leaves to water is between 1: 1 to 1:20, more preferably between 1: 5 to 1:10.
- the extraction is carried out at a temperature between 20 and 80 ° C, preferably between 25 and 65 ° C, more preferably between 40 and 60 ° C.
- the extraction is carried out during an extraction time between 1 to 3 hours.
- an extraction time between 1 to 3 hours.
- the elaborated composition is rich in antioxidants, carbohydrates, proteins and micronutrients.
- the composition prepared has as major compounds flavonols, flavones, hydroxycinnamic acids, benzoic acids and phenols.
- flavonols and flavones are:
- micronutrients and components present in a composition made according to the present invention are:
- the resulting composition is prepared in such a way as to achieve a concentration of total polyphenols between 4 and 12 g / L. Although it might be necessary to concentrate the composition, in general the product could exceed the indicated range, so in this case it could be diluted to the desired concentration in water and / or in an aqueous solution to dilute that includes preservatives or preservatives and stabilizers. .
- a concentrated composition could be made for use with increased antimicrobial effect.
- additives can be added to the finished product composition and / or formulation, such as: • Stabilizers, comprising vegetable gums such as, for example, gellan gum, arabic, xanthan, garrotin, guar, tragacanth, karaya and tara, and in general any admissible gum according to the food regulation. They allow to improve the adherence of the product, for example, in foliar application. An additional advantage of the use of gums is that they also have an action as a preservative or preservative.
- Stabilizers comprising vegetable gums such as, for example, gellan gum, arabic, xanthan, garrotin, guar, tragacanth, karaya and tara, and in general any admissible gum according to the food regulation. They allow to improve the adherence of the product, for example, in foliar application.
- An additional advantage of the use of gums is that they also have an action as a preservative or preservative.
- Preservatives or preservatives such as sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate, calcium sorbate, salts of sorbate and organic acids such as propionic acid, lactic acid, citric acid, ascorbic acid and acetic acid; to improve the stability and durability of the product.
- the additives are generally used in a concentration between 0.01 and 5% w / v each.
- composition according to the present invention can comprise the supplementation of compounds necessary for plant growth, such as, for example:
- Micronutrients such as iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, molybdenum, chlorine.
- the concentration of each compound is up to 50% w / v in the case of macronutrients; up to 20% w / v in the case of secondary nutrients; and up to 10% w / v in the case of micronutrients.
- compatibility analyzes of the invention with various agrochemicals were carried out. Tests were carried out with copper-based agrochemicals, insecticides and fungicides, showing that the composition of the present invention in combination with said compounds does not generate physicochemical changes (temperature, pH, precipitation, coloration, etc.), which is why it is shown that the composition is compatible with other agrochemicals.
- compositions according to the invention can be used in agriculture as biostimulant and / or antimicrobial in formats such as: formulations for foliar application formulations for root application formulations for irrigation.
- composition of the invention is carried out by any method available in the art, such as: spraying, application in furrows, in hydroponic crops, soaking of plant material, on wounds from pruning cuts, direct incorporation into soils or mixtures of sowing in a greenhouse, pots, field, or direct treatment of seeds, propagation material or grafts.
- a composition according to the present invention can be used periodically to increase the yield, quality, rooting and / or size of the plant and / or fruit, and can also be used before, during or after the condition has occurred. of stress, to promote your recovery. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is used before the plant is exposed to stress conditions, since it is the moment when it is observed that the plant achieves a protective effect against adverse conditions.
- composition of the invention can be used in a wide range of agricultural crops, especially vegetables and fruit trees, such as: blueberries, vines, cherry trees, apple trees, hazelnuts, walnuts, citrus fruits, lettuces, tomatoes, potatoes, among others.
- Example I Process Conditions. Extraction tests varying operating conditions: temperature, solute: solvent ratio and extraction time.
- Extractions were carried out by making variations of some parameters in order to prepare a composition with the maximum content of total polyphenols, without sacrificing the antioxidant concentration.
- the temperature variations were in the range between 25 to 65 ° C for extractions between 1 to 3 hours.
- the water ratio ranged from 1: 5 to 1:15. The results obtained are shown in Table I.
- Table II Results of concentration of total polyphenols (PT), concentration of antioxidants (CA), total sugars (AT) and suspended solids (SS) for various extraction conditions. Evaluation of 15 tests with different combinations of process conditions: temperature, solid: liquid ratio and extraction time.
- Example II Composition. Total content of polyphenols, flavanols and anthocyanins, as well as a polyphenolic profile of 2 types of samples.
- Table 111 Content of total polyphenols (PT), total flavanols (FT) and total anthocyanins (AT) in early and late samples.
- Early Composition composition of the invention from leaves harvested in an early season; Late Composition: composition of the invention from leaves harvested in late season.
- Early Composition composition of the invention from leaves harvested in an early season; Late Composition: composition of the invention from leaves harvested in late season.
- Table 113 Total polyphenols in sample without analytical extraction.
- a composition batch was made using 500 g of berry leaves, where 80% of them are blueberry leaves, which were dried in the shade for 72 hours.
- the mixture was kept at 50 ° C with stirring at 250 rpm for 3.5 hours.
- 0.2% citric acid and 0.05% w / v xanthan gum were added, maintaining stirring between 200 and 250 rpm for an additional 30 minutes, without heating.
- the solids were separated using a paper filter, rescuing the aqueous fraction, at which the concentration of total polyphenols was measured.
- Example IV Preparation of a composition with blueberry leaves (100%).
- a composition batch was made using 500 g of blueberry leaves which were dried in the shade for 72 hours.
- the dried leaves were mixed with water in a ratio of 1: 5 by weight, with 2.5 L of water at a temperature of 65 ° C.
- the mixture was kept at 65 ° C with stirring at 200 rpm for 4 hours. Then stirring was maintained at 200 rpm for 20 minutes, without heating.
- Solids were removed using a shell type filter, separating the aqueous fraction.
- the concentration of total polyphenols was measured, obtaining 8.41 g / L.
- the composition was diluted with water until reaching a concentration of 6 g / L of total polyphenols.
- Example V Composition. Quantification of the compounds of the composition of the invention.
- composition is free of heavy metals (undetectable range according to the analytical techniques used).
- Example 1 Performance and quality. Field trials on lettuce.
- Test 1A A first test (Test 1A) was carried out to evaluate the effect of the foliar application of the present invention on the yield in fresh weight, dry weight and chlorophyll levels in hydroponic lettuces type LoHo bionda cv. Dabi.
- the plants were subjected to abiotic stress (poor growth), and applications of various treatments were made (T).
- a hydroponic lettuce garden was selected, the one that presented specimens with poor growth and early death, due to fertilization problems, generating abiotic stress.
- the stimulus consisted of the nutrient solution presented a pH 3.8 (ideal pH 6.0) and high electrical conductivity (3,000 pS / cm), the ideal being 250 to 750 pS / cm.
- the culture system used was hydroponics in NFT.
- Test 1A The test was carried out using 7 treatments (of 25 lettuces each). A summary of Test 1A is shown in Table 1A.
- Table IB Quality variables of lettuce from Trial 1A. Different letters indicate significant differences (p value ⁇ 0.05).
- CieLAB scale index A negative values indicate greater intensity of green.
- treatments T5 and T6 presented a fresh weight between 37.5 and 40% higher compared to treatment T0 (control, without application) and a dry weight between 46.6 and 59.5% higher compared to T0 treatment.
- treatments T5 and T6 presented an increase of 30 and 17% in the chlorophyll levels of the plant, respectively, compared to treatment T0.
- Trial IB lettuces (Trial IB), which had similar conditions, using a fixed dose of 3L / ha for all treatments, where a commercial control based on Ascophyllum nodosum was incorporated.
- a summary of Trial IB is shown in Table 1C.
- CieLAB scale index A negative values indicate greater intensity of green.
- Example 2 Yield and gauge. Field trials on blueberries.
- Trial 2 evaluated the effect of the foliar application of the composition of the present invention on the yield and size of the fruits corresponding to blueberries cv. Duke, which had a completely randomized design composed of 2 treatments with 8 repetitions of 5 plants each. A summary of Trial 3 is shown in Table 2A.
- Figure 2A the crop yield of the different treatments is quantified in kg / ha.
- Figure 2B shows the percentage of harvest distribution in the different blooms with respect to the total harvest, for each of the first 4 blooms. From these figures it is observed that the use of the composition of the invention (TI) increased the yield by 17%, promoting the harvest concentration.
- TI composition of the invention
- Figure 2C shows the effect of the treatments on the size of the fruits, where TI increased the size by 10% with respect to T0, generating a change in the category of the fruit: from medium size to large size (understanding that the small caliber is 6 to 8 mm, medium 8 to 11 mm and large greater than 12 mm).
- Example 3 Gauge. Field trial in apples.
- Test 3 A test was carried out (Test 3) to evaluate the effect of the foliar application of the composition of the present invention in the apple size cv. Cr ⁇ pps Pink subjected to abiotic stress (poor growth), which had a completely randomized design composed of 3 treatments with 10 repetitions of 1 plant each. The test was carried out in a productive field in the Pelarco area, Maulé Region. A summary of Test 3 is shown in Table 3A.
- Example 4 Heat stress. Evaluation of the effect of the application of the composition of the invention on the productivity and quality of lettuce against heat stress.
- a test (Test 4) was carried out at the Agr ⁇ cola Hidrogourmet, located in San Fernando, O'Higgins Region, Chile. The test consisted of 3 treatments of 20 plants each, of which the 5 central plants were evaluated. A NFT system was used, where the plants were periodically watered with a basal fertilizer solution. The plants were treated with a single application 1 day prior to heat stress, with an exposure to 50 ° C for 4 hours, 3 weeks before harvest. Treatment T0 without application was used as an absolute control.
- T2 the application of the composition of the invention (T2) allows a significantly faster recovery compared to the use of a commercial composition based on Ascophyllum nodosum (TI), showing a 33% recovery from dehydration greater 1 week after heat stress.
- TI Ascophyllum nodosum
- Example 5 Cold stress. Evaluation of the effect of the application of the composition of the invention on the productivity and quality of lettuce against cold stress.
- a test (Test 5) was carried out in the Agr ⁇ cola Hidrogourmet, located in San Fernando, O'Higgins Region, Chile. The test consisted of 3 treatments of 20 plants each, of which the 5 central plants were evaluated. A NFT system was used, where the plants were periodically watered with a basal fertilizer solution. The plants were treated with a single application 1 day prior to cold stress, with an exposure to -3 ° C for 4 hours, 1 week before harvest. Treatment T0 without application was used as an absolute control.
- Table 5A Summary of treatments applied in Trial 5. Different letters indicate significant differences (p value ⁇ 0.05).
- Table 5B Yield measures and percentage of lettuces in a marketable state from Trial 5. Different letters indicate significant differences (p value ⁇ 0.05).
- composition of the invention (T2) generates 14% higher effects in terms of enhancing the yield of marketable lettuces, than the use of Ascophyllum nodosum (TI) using the same commercial dose.
- TI and T2 showed higher results than the control without application (T0), where the composition of the invention (T2) is 150% higher in yield of marketable units per hectare, with respect to T0. This difference was statistically significant.
- T2 the application of the composition of the invention (T2) generates a chlorophyll concentration (nmol / mg dry weight) more than 130% higher than the concentration observed using Ascophyllum nodosum (TI). Only treatment T2 presents significant differences compared to the control without application (T0).
- Example 6 Comparison of compositions. Comparison of the composition of the invention with other natural and synthetic compositions.
- a test (Test 6) was carried out to evaluate the effect of the foliar application of the present invention on the yield in fresh weight, dry weight and chlorophyll levels in hydroponic lettuces type Lollo blonda cv. Dabi, compared to other natural and synthetic compositions.
- the test was carried out at Agr ⁇ cola Hidrogourmet, located in San Fernando, O'Higgins Region, Chile.
- the trial evaluated 6 treatments of 5 plants each, in a NFT system. These 6 treatments aim to compare the composition of the invention with other compositions with the same level of total polyphenols (5g / L) of different nature or made by different processes.
- the treatments are detailed below:
- composition of the invention Composition of the invention.
- T2 Composition 1 Composition based on the same raw material as the composition of the invention, made using a process based on patent CN103211852A, in which the use of organic phases was omitted so that the extract was also aqueous (variable: process).
- Synthetic T3 Synthetic extract based on gallic acid and water (variable: synthetic source of polyphenols).
- T4 Biortig Commercial nettle-based biostimulant (variable: commercial competitor based on plant extract, not based on algae).
- T5 Composition 2 Strawberry leaf extract (100%), made with the same process of the invention (variable: vegetable source).
- T0 presented 20% dehydration on day 21.
- TI presented only 1.1% dehydration, verifying that the use of the composition of the invention has a delaying effect on the senescence of the plant. Photographs of the samples are shown at day 21 at 5 ° C, corresponding to T0 and TI in Figures 6D and 6E, respectively.
- Example 7 Antimicrobial effect. Growth inhibitory effect of the composition of the invention against Bacillus sp, Enterobacter aerogenes, Salmonella sp, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.
- Routine tests were performed comparing the inhibition halo, using an antibiotic as a positive control, in particular, 0.1 g / L carbamycin for Bacillus sp, 0.1 g / L chloramphenicol for Enterobacter aerogenes, and 0.1 g / L ampicillin. for Salmonella sp, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli as shown in Table 7 below.
- FIGS 7A and 7B An example of the inhibition halos is shown in Figures 7A and 7B: inhibition halo in Escherichia coli and ampicillin inhibition halo (antibiotic as positive control), respectively.
- the tests show the inhibitory effect of the composition of the invention in all the microorganisms evaluated, the representative image of the effect is attached where the inhibition halo is more clearly appreciated in both plates (Escherichia coli).
- Example 8 Plant quality. Field trial on tomato plants.
- Test 8 was carried out to evaluate the effect of foliar application of the composition of the present invention on the quality of tomato plants cv. Cal Ace, which had a design composed of 4 treatments with 3 repetitions of 1 plant each. In rehearsal carried out at the Quillaja Experimental Center, of the Fitonova company, in Talca, Maulé Region. A summary of Test 8 is shown in Table 8A.
- Bio-3 is a commercial product from Venavi, which corresponds to a hydrocolloid-based coating.
- a summary of the results obtained in Test 8 is shown in Table 8B.
- each seedling was divided into aerial part (stem and leaves) and root.
- Figure 8A the effect of the different treatments on the height of the seedling and the diameter of its stem is compared.
- the use of the composition of the invention increases this parameter between 47 and 96%, showing a complementary effect with the use of Bio-3 at 100%, the use of Bio-3 being indifferent to 25% and 50%.
- the use of the composition of the invention increases this parameter between 28 and 100%, showing a synergistic effect with the use of Bio-3, since, the higher its concentration, the greater the diameter of the stem.
- Figure 8B compares the effect of the different treatments on the fresh weight of the aerial part of the seedling and the weight of its root.
- the use of the composition of the invention increases this parameter between 52 and 98%.
- the weight of the root a similar effect is observed, increasing its weight between 94 and 169%. In both parameters a synergistic effect is observed with the use of Bio-3.
- Figure 8C compares the effect of the different treatments on the number of leaves and the length of the seedling root.
- the use of the composition of the invention increases this parameter between 53 and 97%, showing a synergistic effect with the use of Bio-3.
- the length of the root a similar effect is observed, increasing its length between 39% and 58%, however, the concentration of use of Bio-3 does not have a relevant effect.
- Example 9 Rooting. Evaluation of the effect of the application of the composition of the invention in the rooting of blueberry plants in farrowing.
- Table 9A Summary of treatments applied in Trial 9.
- Table 9B Rooting level obtained in Test 9.
- Example 10 Rooting. Evaluation of the effect of the application of the composition of the invention in the rooting of cherry plants in maternity.
- Table 10A Summary of treatments applied in Trial 10.
- Table 10B Rooting level obtained in Test 10.
- Example 11 Height of the plant. Evaluation of the effect of the application of the composition of the invention on the height of rooted cuttings of Nemaguard pattern.
- Table 11A Summary of treatments applied in Trial 11.
- Table 11B Average height of the plants obtained in Test 11.
- Example 12 Performance. Evaluation of the effect of the application of the composition of the invention on the performance of potato tubers in aeroponics.
- Test 12 was carried out to observe the effect of the foliar application of the composition of the invention in potato plants in aeroponics, evaluating the yield of the generated tubers.
- Table 12A lists the treatments used in the trial:
- Test 12 The results obtained in Test 12 are shown in Table 12B. Table 12B. Yields obtained in Test 12.
- Table 12B shows that the average yield per plant of tubers over the 15mm diameter obtained showed an increase of 11% in the plants treated with the composition of the invention. These are the marketable tubers, so the objective of Trial 12 was precisely to increase this parameter, giving positive results.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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PCT/CL2019/050128 WO2021108932A1 (es) | 2019-12-02 | 2019-12-02 | Composición rica en polifenoles y flavonoides para uso como bioestimulante y antimicrobiano de aplicación en agricultura |
EP19954715.9A EP4070659A4 (en) | 2019-12-02 | 2019-12-02 | COMPOSITION RICH IN POLYPHENOL AND FLAVONOID FOR USE AS A BIOSTIMULANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL AGENT FOR USE IN AGRICULTURE |
BR112022010730A BR112022010730A2 (pt) | 2019-12-02 | 2019-12-02 | Composição bioestimulante para aplicação agrícola, processo para a preparação da composição e uso da composição |
US17/756,740 US20230000089A1 (en) | 2019-12-02 | 2019-12-02 | Composition enriched in polyphenols and flavonoids for use as biostimulant and antimicrobial for agriculture applications |
MX2022006539A MX2022006539A (es) | 2019-12-02 | 2019-12-02 | Composicion rica en polifenoles y flavonoides para uso como bioestimulante y antimicrobiano de aplicacion en agricultura. |
CA3163474A CA3163474A1 (en) | 2019-12-02 | 2019-12-02 | Composition enriched in polyphenols and flavonoids for use as biostimulant and antimicrobial for agriculture applications |
PE2022000990A PE20221769A1 (es) | 2019-12-02 | 2019-12-02 | Composicion rica en polifenoles y flavonoides para uso como bioestimulante y antimicrobiano de aplicacion en agricultura |
ZA2022/07279A ZA202207279B (en) | 2019-12-02 | 2022-06-30 | Composition rich in polyphenols and flavonoids for use as a biostimulant and antimicrobial for use in agriculture |
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PCT/CL2019/050128 WO2021108932A1 (es) | 2019-12-02 | 2019-12-02 | Composición rica en polifenoles y flavonoides para uso como bioestimulante y antimicrobiano de aplicación en agricultura |
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US (1) | US20230000089A1 (es) |
EP (1) | EP4070659A4 (es) |
BR (1) | BR112022010730A2 (es) |
CA (1) | CA3163474A1 (es) |
MX (1) | MX2022006539A (es) |
PE (1) | PE20221769A1 (es) |
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US20190021331A1 (en) * | 2014-09-08 | 2019-01-24 | Michael N. Young | Silver ion solution agricultural formulations |
US20190059392A1 (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2019-02-28 | Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. | Compositions and methods for inhibiting plant pathogens |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP3479695A1 (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2019-05-08 | Clean Nature Solutions GmbH | Synergistic composition for universal increase of agricultural production |
-
2019
- 2019-12-02 CA CA3163474A patent/CA3163474A1/en active Pending
- 2019-12-02 WO PCT/CL2019/050128 patent/WO2021108932A1/es unknown
- 2019-12-02 BR BR112022010730A patent/BR112022010730A2/pt unknown
- 2019-12-02 US US17/756,740 patent/US20230000089A1/en active Pending
- 2019-12-02 PE PE2022000990A patent/PE20221769A1/es unknown
- 2019-12-02 MX MX2022006539A patent/MX2022006539A/es unknown
- 2019-12-02 EP EP19954715.9A patent/EP4070659A4/en active Pending
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2022
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US4308047A (en) | 1979-02-26 | 1981-12-29 | Holland Elaine A | Method of using oak leaf extract |
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BR112022010730A2 (pt) | 2022-08-23 |
PE20221769A1 (es) | 2022-11-11 |
EP4070659A4 (en) | 2023-08-09 |
EP4070659A1 (en) | 2022-10-12 |
MX2022006539A (es) | 2022-08-04 |
CA3163474A1 (en) | 2021-06-10 |
ZA202207279B (en) | 2023-04-26 |
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