WO2021103049A1 - 小型污水处理设备污泥脱水车及脱水方法 - Google Patents

小型污水处理设备污泥脱水车及脱水方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021103049A1
WO2021103049A1 PCT/CN2019/122470 CN2019122470W WO2021103049A1 WO 2021103049 A1 WO2021103049 A1 WO 2021103049A1 CN 2019122470 W CN2019122470 W CN 2019122470W WO 2021103049 A1 WO2021103049 A1 WO 2021103049A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sewage
sludge
tank
pump
sludge dewatering
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PCT/CN2019/122470
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
唐晶
李现瑾
葛会超
郭雪松
刘俊新
薛楠
王厚伟
郭玮
Original Assignee
江苏中车环保设备有限公司
中国科学院生态环境研究中心
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Publication of WO2021103049A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021103049A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of sludge dewatering, and more specifically, to a special sludge dewatering vehicle and a dewatering method for cleaning and dewatering the sludge from a small sewage treatment equipment or a septic tank.
  • CN206204046U describes a sludge dewatering equipment placed on a vehicle; for example: CN104926071A describes a septic tank cleaning vehicle and cleaning method; but they all use The working method of sucking and discharging. That is, while sucking sewage from the small sewage treatment equipment, the separated water after desilting is discharged back to the small sewage treatment equipment, so that the emptying and cleaning of the small sewage treatment equipment cannot be realized.
  • these cars are relatively large in size and are not suitable for narrow roads in rural areas.
  • JP2008229446A describes a sludge thickening device and a sludge thickening vehicle.
  • the vehicle can realize the return of the separated water after the cleaning of the small sewage treatment equipment is completed.
  • the sludge thickening device adopts a drum screen, and the thickened sludge has a relatively large water content. Therefore, the storage of the thickened sludge still requires a large space, which makes it difficult to realize the miniaturization of the vehicle.
  • the present invention uses a sewage tank to store the sewage drawn from the small sewage treatment equipment to realize the emptying of the small sewage treatment device for cleaning of the small sewage treatment.
  • the present invention provides a small sewage treatment equipment sludge dewatering vehicle, including a vehicle body, an equipment integration box is arranged on the vehicle body, and a sewage suction hose reel is arranged on the equipment integration box;
  • the equipment integrated box includes a sewage tank, a flocculant tank, a rotor sewage pump, an elliptical sludge dewatering chamber, a sludge tank, a first three-way ball valve, a second three-way ball valve, and a two-way ball valve;
  • the said suction hose reel is connected to the entrance of the ellipse-stacked sludge dehydrator chamber through the first valve port and the second valve port of the first three-way ball valve; the debris in the elliptical-stacked sludge dehydrator chamber Connect with the sludge outlet and the sludge tank; the water collection chamber at the bottom of the elliptical sludge dewatering chamber is connected with the inlet of the rotor sewage pump, and the flocculant tank is connected with the inlet of the rotor sewage pump through a two-way ball valve;
  • the first valve port of the second three-way ball valve is connected to the second valve port of the first three-way ball valve, the second valve port of the first three-way ball valve is connected to the sewage tank, and the third valve port of the second three-way ball valve is connected to the second valve port of the first three-way ball valve.
  • the third valve port of a three-way ball valve is connected with the outlet of the rotor
  • a vacuum pump is connected to the elliptical stacked sludge dewatering machine room and the sludge tank, and the vacuum pump is used to generate production in the elliptical stacked sludge dewatering machine room and the sludge tank. Vacuum, the rotor sewage pump only functions as a sewage pump.
  • a hose bracket is arranged at the rear of the equipment integration box, and a hydraulic pump station and a tool box are arranged at the lower part of the vehicle chassis.
  • a portable cleaning water pump box and a clean water tank are also provided in the equipment integrated box.
  • an observation window is provided outside the flocculant tank and the sludge tank.
  • an aeration pipe is provided in the sewage tank, and an air pump is provided outside the sewage tank.
  • the flocculant is added during the sewage suction process, and after the sewage suction process is completed, the additional arrangement is started.
  • the air pump is used for aeration and stirring of the flocculant through the aeration pipe set in the sewage tank, and after a certain period of time, it is allowed to stand for flocculation.
  • the present invention is based on the sludge treatment method of the above-mentioned small sewage treatment equipment sludge dewatering truck, as follows:
  • the work of this system has four main processes: sewage suction, flocculation, sewage return, and sludge discharge;
  • the rotor sewage pump is started, and a vacuum is formed in the elliptical stacked sludge dewatering machine room, sludge chamber, and sewage suction pipeline.
  • the sewage is sucked into the elliptical stacked sludge dewatering machine room, and the sewage passes through the elliptical stacked sludge dewatering machine room.
  • the sludge dewatering machine separates debris and dehydrates the sludge; debris and dewatered sludge enter the sludge tank, and the separated water is pumped by the rotor sewage pump and discharged to the sewage tank; in the process of suction, the vacuum of the rotor sewage pump is used to pump The suction performance will suck the flocculant from the flocculant tank and add it to the sewage pipeline, and be transported to the sewage tank together with the sewage through the pipeline.
  • the flocculant is added to the sewage pipeline and mixed with the sewage as the sewage flows. After entering the sewage tank, because the sewage inlet is at the bottom of the sewage tank, it has a stirring effect on the sewage in the sewage tank and further mixes the flocculant;
  • the rotor sewage pump is activated, and a vacuum is formed in the elliptical stacked sludge dewatering machine room, sludge chamber, and sewage suction pipeline.
  • the sewage is sucked from the sewage tank to the oval stacked sludge dewatering machine room, and the sewage passes through
  • the ellipse-stacked sludge dewatering machine dehydrates the sludge; the dewatered sludge enters the sludge tank, and the separated water is sucked by the rotor sewage pump and sent back to the small sewage treatment equipment;
  • the sludge discharge process After the sludge tank is full of sludge, the sludge is discharged through the screw conveyor on the operating vehicle at the designated unloading site.
  • the amount of flocculant added can be determined through the observation window on the flocculant box or automatically controlled by a flow meter.
  • the flocculation process of sewage in the sewage tank can be observed through the observation window set on the sewage tank to see whether the flocculation reaction meets the requirements and whether the next operation can be carried out.
  • the flocculant is added in the sewage absorption process. After the sewage absorption process is completed, an additional air pump is started, and the flocculant is aerated and stirred through the aeration pipe set in the sewage tank. After a certain period of time, the flocculant is statically agitated. Set up flocculation.
  • a vacuum pump is added to the chamber and the sludge tank, and the vacuum pump is used to generate vacuum in the ellipse-stacked sludge dehydrator chamber and the sludge tank, and the rotor sewage pump only functions as a sewage pump.
  • the cleaning process of the small sewage treatment equipment S is an independent process and belongs to a separate system. During the cleaning operation, remove the portable self-priming clean water pump from the car, use the power supply of the electric control box of the small sewage treatment equipment, and use the water from the outlet end of the small sewage treatment equipment to clean the emptied small sewage treatment equipment.
  • the beneficial process of the present invention is as follows:
  • a flocculant is added to the sewage pipeline during the sewage process to mix the sewage and the flocculant, and the flocculation reaction is carried out in the sewage tank.
  • the present invention can adopt a manner in which an air pump pumps air into the sewage tank to stir the mixed flocculant.
  • the flocculated sewage is dewatered by the elliptical stacked sludge dehydrator.
  • the dewatered sludge is stored in the sludge tank, and the separated water is returned to the small sewage treatment equipment.
  • the moisture content of the sludge after dehydration is less than 85%.
  • the invention uses a rotor sewage pump to extract sewage from a small sewage treatment equipment.
  • a rotor sewage pump In order to place debris or large particles in small sewage treatment equipment that will cause adverse effects on the rotor sewage pump, when the rotor sewage pump pumps sewage, the sewage is first separated by the elliptical sludge dehydrator to separate the debris and the sludge is dewatered, and then pass The rotor sewage pump enters the sewage tank.
  • the elliptical stacked sludge dewatering machine of the present invention is installed in a closed elliptical stacked machine room, and is subjected to vacuum sealing together with the sludge tank.
  • Figure 1 The shape and layout of the sludge dewatering truck
  • FIG. 1 Internal layout of the sludge dewatering truck (isometric);
  • FIG. 3 Internal layout of the sludge dewatering truck (right side);
  • FIG. 4 Process diagram of pollution absorption
  • Figure 7 An example of adding a vacuum pump
  • Figures 1-7 Examples of the implementation of the present invention are shown in Figures 1-7. The implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below as shown in Figures 1-7.
  • the sludge dewatering truck includes a chassis 1, an equipment integration box 2 is arranged on the chassis 1, and a sewage suction hose reel 5 is arranged in front of the top of the equipment integration box 2, behind the equipment integration box 2.
  • a hose bracket 6 is arranged at the bottom, and a hydraulic pump station 3 and a tool box 4 are arranged at the lower part of the vehicle chassis.
  • the equipment integrated box 2 includes: sewage tank 2.1, flocculant tank 2.2, rotor sewage pump 2.3, elliptical stacked sludge dewatering chamber 2.4, sludge tank 2.5, screw conveyor 2.6, Portable cleaning water pump box 2.7, operation panel box 2.8, clean water tank 2.9, three-way ball valve 2.10, three-way ball valve 2.11, two-way ball valve 2.12;
  • the three-way ball valve 2.10 includes a first valve port, a second valve port and a third valve port; the three-way ball valve 2.11 includes a first valve port, a second valve port and a third valve port; the flocculant valve 2.12 is a two-way valve.
  • the debris and sludge outlet of the ellipse-stacked sludge dehydrator chamber 2.4 is connected to the sludge tank 2.5, and the sludge tank 2.5 is connected with the screw conveyor 2.6; the entrance of the elliptical-stacked sludge dehydrator chamber 2.4 passes through the first
  • the pipeline is connected to the suction hose reel 5, the three-way ball valve 2.10 is installed on the first pipeline, the first valve port of the three-way ball valve 2.10 is connected to the suction hose reel 5, and the second valve of the three-way ball valve 2.10
  • the port is connected with the oval-stacked sludge dewatering chamber 2.4; the collection chamber at the bottom of the oval-stacked sludge dewatering chamber 2.4 is connected to the inlet of the rotor sewage pump 2.3 through the second pipeline, and the flocculant tank 2.2 passes through the third
  • the pipeline is connected to the second pipeline, and a two-way ball valve 2.12 is installed on the third pipeline; the outlet of the
  • the second valve port of the three-way ball valve 2.11 is connected to the sewage tank 2.1 through the fourth pipeline, the first valve port of the three-way ball valve 2.11 is connected to the second valve port of the three-way ball valve 2.10 through the fifth pipeline, and the three-way ball valve 2.10 The first valve port is connected to the suction hose reel 5.
  • the work of the system has four main processes: sewage absorption, flocculation, sewage return, sludge discharge, and several auxiliary processes.
  • the first valve port and the second valve port of the hydraulic three-way ball valve 2.10 are opened, and the third valve port is closed; the first valve port of the hydraulic three-way valve 2.11 is closed, and the third valve is closed.
  • the second valve port is open;
  • the rotor sewage Pump 2.3 When sucking dirt, operate the manual valve in the operation panel box 2.8 to start the rotor sewage pump 2.3; operate the manual valve to open the first valve port and the second valve port of the hydraulic three-way ball valve 2.10, and the third valve port to close, the rotor sewage Pump 2.3 is in a state of sucking dirt. Utilize the vacuum performance of the rotor sewage pump 2.3 to vacuum the enclosed elliptical sludge dewatering chamber 2.4, the sewage suction hose and the sludge tank 2.5. Due to the vacuum, the sewage in the small sewage treatment equipment S , Scum, etc.
  • the sewage that enters the ellipse-stacked sludge dewatering machine room 2.4 will pass through the elliptical-stacked sludge dewatering machine for debris separation and sludge and scum dewatering.
  • the debris, dewatered sludge and scum will enter the sludge tank 2.5 Collection and storage; the separated water enters the lower collection chamber, and is pumped out by the rotor sewage pump 2.3 through the discharge pipeline and the hydraulic three-way valve 2.11 (at this time the sewage tank 2.1 is the first valve of the hydraulic three-way valve 2.11 on the sewage pipeline The port is closed, the third valve port and the second valve port are opened, in a state of communicating with the outlet of the rotor sewage pump 2.3) and discharged into the sewage tank 2.1.
  • the flocculant valve 2.12 on the discharge pipeline of the flocculant tank 2.2 is in an open state. Due to the self-priming effect of the rotor sewage pump 2.3, the flocculant is sucked into the sewage pipeline through the flocculant valve 2.12 and mixed with the sewage. Enter the sewage tank 2.1 for flocculation reaction.
  • Flocculation process As shown in Figure 4, during the sewage suction process, the flocculant is directly sucked in and mixed with the sewage. As the sewage enters the bottom of the sewage tank 2.1, the sewage inlet is specially designed. When the sewage enters the sewage tank 2.1, the sewage Agitate further to increase the mixing effect of the flocculant. After the end of the dirt absorption process, the flocculation process is left for a certain period of time.
  • the amount of flocculant added can be determined through the observation window on the flocculant box 2.2 or automatically controlled by a flow meter.
  • the flocculation process of sewage in the sewage tank 2.1 can be observed through the observation window set on the sewage tank 2.1 to see whether the flocculation reaction meets the requirements and whether the next operation can be carried out.
  • the sewage return process is shown in Figure 6: During this process, the second valve port of the hydraulic three-way ball valve 2.10 is closed, and the first and third valve ports are opened; the first valve port and the second port of the hydraulic three-way ball valve 2.11 are opened. The valve port is opened and the third valve port is closed;
  • the dewatered sludge Enter the sludge tank 2.5 for collection and storage; the separated sewage enters the lower collection chamber, and is pumped out by the rotor sewage pump 2.3 through the discharge pipeline and the hydraulic three-way valve 2.10 (at this time the hydraulic three-way valve 2.10 is in contact with the rotor sewage pump 2.3
  • the outlet pipeline is in a connected state) and sent back to the small sewage treatment equipment S.
  • Sludge discharge process The amount of sludge in the sludge tank 2.5 can be observed through the observation window set outside the sludge tank 2.5.
  • the truck is driven to the designated location, and the screw conveyor 2.6 is activated to discharge the sludge.
  • FIG. 5 Another example of the flocculation process is shown in Figure 5.
  • the flocculant is added in the sewage suction process. After the sewage suction process is over, the additional air pump 2.13 is started, and the flocculant is applied to the flocculant through the aeration pipe 2.14 set in the sewage tank 2.1. Carry out aeration and stirring, after a certain period of time, let it stand for flocculation.
  • the rest of the structure and reaction process are the same as in Example 1.
  • a vacuum pump 7 is added to the elliptical stacked sludge dewatering chamber 2.4 and the sludge tank 2.5, and the vacuum pump 7 is used in the elliptical stacked sludge Vacuum is generated in the dehydrator chamber 2.4 and the sludge tank 2.5, and the rotor sewage pump 2.3 only functions as a sewage pump, and the rest of the structure and reaction process are the same as those in the first embodiment.
  • the sludge dewatering truck also has other auxiliary functions, such as cleaning of small sewage treatment equipment S.
  • the cleaning process of the small sewage treatment equipment S is an independent process and belongs to a separate system. During the cleaning operation, remove the portable self-priming clean water pump from the car, use the electric control box power supply of the small sewage treatment equipment S, and use the water from the outlet end of the small sewage treatment equipment S to clean the emptied small sewage treatment equipment S.
  • the sludge dewatering truck is equipped with a clean water tank 2.9 for personal hygiene cleaning. After the operation is completed, the operator can pull out the clean water hose and open the manual valve set on the clean water tank 2.9 for personal hygiene cleaning.
  • a flocculant is added to the sewage pipeline during the sewage process to mix the sewage and the flocculant, and the flocculation reaction is carried out in the sewage tank.
  • the present invention can adopt a manner in which an air pump pumps air into the sewage tank to stir the mixed flocculant.
  • the flocculated sewage is dewatered by the elliptical stack sludge dewatering machine.
  • the dewatered sludge is stored in the sludge tank, and the separated water is returned to the small sewage treatment equipment.
  • the moisture content of the sludge after dehydration is less than 85%.
  • the invention uses a rotor sewage pump to extract sewage from a small sewage treatment equipment.
  • a rotor sewage pump In order to place debris or large particles in small sewage treatment equipment that will cause adverse effects on the rotor sewage pump, when the rotor sewage pump pumps sewage, the sewage is first separated by the elliptical sludge dehydrator to separate the debris and the sludge is dewatered, and then pass The rotor sewage pump enters the sewage tank.
  • the elliptical stacked sludge dewatering machine of the present invention is installed in a closed elliptical stacked machine room, and is subjected to vacuum sealing together with the sludge tank.
  • the present invention is not limited to the specific equipment described, such as a rotor sewage pump and an elliptical sludge dewatering machine. Equipment with the same function as the equipment is still within the scope of the present invention.

Abstract

一种小型污水处理设备污泥脱水车及方法，包括设备集成箱(2)，设备集成箱(2)内包括污水槽(2.1)、絮凝剂槽(2.2)、转子污水泵(2.3)、椭叠式污泥脱水机室(2.4)、污泥槽(2.5)、第一三通球阀(2.10)、第二三通球阀(2.11)、二通球阀(2.12)；吸污软管卷盘(5)通过第一三通球阀(2.10)的第一阀口、第二阀口与椭叠式污泥脱水机室(2.4)的入口相连；椭叠式污泥脱水机室(2.4)的杂物和污泥出口与污泥槽(2.5)之间连通；椭叠式污泥脱水机室(2.4)底部的集水室与转子污水泵(2.3)的入口相连，同时絮凝剂槽(2.2)通过二通球阀(2.12)与转子污水泵(2.3)的入口相连；第二三通球阀(2.11)的第一阀口与第一三通球阀(2.10)的第二阀口相连，第一三通球阀(2.10)的第二阀口与污水槽(2.1)相连，第二三通球阀(2.11)的第三阀口与第一三通球阀(2.10)的第三阀口、转子污水泵(2.3)的出口相连。

Description

小型污水处理设备污泥脱水车及脱水方法 技术领域
本发明涉及污泥脱水领域，更具体地，涉及一种小型污水处理设备或化粪池污泥清掏并将污泥脱水收集的专用污泥脱水车辆和脱水方法。
背景技术
随着农村综合环境的整治，一些农村地区采用了污水分散治理模式，应用了大量的小型污水处理设备例如净化槽，这些小型污水处理设备通常单户或几户使用一个。这些小型污水处理设备需要定期清理剩余污泥，以保证设备的运行效果。因没有专用的污泥清掏车辆，污泥清掏及处理采用普通吸污车，将设备内污水、污泥抽出运送到污水处理厂进行污泥处理，然后再由普通吸污车向小型污水处理设备内加注清水。由于小型污水处理设备仅需清理污泥和浮渣，这种污泥和污水一起抽，造成吸污车每次作业只能抽取一两个小型污水处理设备内污水；且吸污车还需再运送清水加注到净化槽，这种作业方式效率低、费用高。
因此需要一种能对污泥和污水进行分离，且能对污泥进行脱水，分离水重新返回净化槽的作业车，该车仅存储脱水后的污泥因此不需要太大存储容积就可以满足作业多个净化槽的需求。
目前国内有一些带污泥脱水设备的吸污车，例如：CN206204046U描述一种放置在车辆上的污泥脱水设备；例如：CN104926071A描述的一种化粪池清洁车和清洁方法；但都是采用边吸污边排放的工作方式。即一边从小型污水处理设备吸污水，一边将除泥后的分离水又排回到小型污水处理设备，这样实现不了小型污水处理设备的排空清洗。另一方面这种车尺寸都比较大，不适合农村的狭窄道路。
国外有这种小型污水处理设备的污泥脱水车。例如：JP2008229446A描述的一种污泥浓缩装置和污泥浓缩车辆。该车能实现在小型污水处理设备清扫完成后，分离水的回送。但该污泥浓缩装置采用滚筒筛的方式，浓缩后的污泥具有较大的含水量，因此浓缩后的污泥的存放仍需较大的空间，这就造成很难实现车辆的小型化。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中存在的技术问题，本发明采用设置污水槽存储从小型污水处理设备抽取的污水的方式来实现将小型污水处理装置排空，以便进行小型污水处理的清扫。
本发明为了实现上述目的，采用的技术方案如下：
第一方面，本发明提供了一种小型污水处理设备污泥脱水车，包括车体，在所述的车体上布置设备集成箱，在设备集成箱上布置有吸污软管卷盘；
所述的设备集成箱内包括污水槽、絮凝剂槽、转子污水泵、椭叠式污泥脱水机室、污泥槽、第一三通球阀、第二三通球阀、二通球阀；
所述的吸污软管卷盘通过第一三通球阀的第一阀口、第二阀口与椭叠式污泥脱水机室的入口相连；椭叠式污泥脱水机室的的杂物和污泥出口与污泥槽之间连通；椭叠式污泥脱水机室的底部的集水室与转子污水泵的入口相连，同时絮凝剂槽通过二通球阀与转子污水泵的入口相连；第二三通球阀的第一阀口与第一三通球阀的第二阀口相连，第一三通球阀的第二阀口与污水槽相连，第二三通球阀的第三阀口与第一三通球阀的第三阀口、转子污水泵的出口相连。
作为进一步的技术方案，为了进一步提高吸污性能，所述的椭叠式污泥脱水机室和污泥槽上连接一真空泵，利用真空泵在椭叠式污泥脱水机室和污泥槽内产 生真空，转子污水泵仅起污水泵作用。
作为进一步的技术方案，在设备集成箱后部布置软管支架，在车底盘下部布置有液压泵站和工具箱。
作为进一步的技术方案，在设备集成箱内还设有便携式清洗水泵箱和清水箱。
作为进一步的技术方案，在絮凝剂箱、污泥槽的外部设置观察窗。
作为进一步的技术方案，在所述的污水槽内设置有曝气管，在所述的污水槽外设有一个气泵，在吸污过程加入絮凝剂，在吸污过程结束后，启动额外布置的气泵，通过设置在污水槽内的曝气管对絮凝剂进行曝气搅拌，一定时间后，静置絮凝。
第二方面，本发明基于上述的小型污水处理设备污泥脱水车的污泥处理方法，如下：
本系统的工作，有四个主过程：吸污、絮凝、污水回送、污泥排放；
吸污过程，转子污水泵启动，在椭叠式污泥脱水机室、污泥室、吸污管路内形成真空，污水被抽吸到椭叠式污泥脱水机室，污水经过椭叠式污泥脱水机对杂物分离、污泥脱水；杂物、脱水污泥进入污泥槽，分离水被转子污水泵抽吸排放到污水槽；在吸污过程中，利用转子污水泵的真空抽吸的性能将絮凝剂从絮凝剂槽吸污加入到污水管路中，通过管路与污水一起被输送到污水槽。
絮凝过程，絮凝剂加入到污水管路中，随污水流动与污水进行混合，在进入污水槽后，由于污水入口在污水槽底部，对污水槽内污水有搅拌作用，进一步混合絮凝剂；
污水回送过程，转子污水泵启动，在椭叠式污泥脱水机室、污泥室、吸污 管路内形成真空，污水从污水槽被抽吸到椭叠式污泥脱水机室，污水经过椭叠式污泥脱水机对污泥脱水；脱水污泥进入污泥槽，分离水被转子污水泵抽吸回送到小型污水处理设备；
污泥排放过程，在污泥槽内污泥满后，在制定卸污地点，通过操作车上的螺旋输送器将污泥排出。
作为进一步的技术方案，絮凝剂加入量可以通过絮凝剂箱上的观察窗确定加入量的多少或由流量计自动控制。污水在污水槽内絮凝过程，可以通过设置在污水槽上观察窗观察，看絮凝反应是否达到要求，是否可以进行下一步操作。
作为进一步的技术方案，在吸污过程加入絮凝剂，在吸污过程结束后，启动额外布置的气泵，通过设置在污水槽内的曝气管对絮凝剂进行曝气搅拌，一定时间后，静置絮凝。
作为进一步的技术方案，若需进一步提高吸污性能，在椭叠式污泥脱水机
室和污泥槽上增加一真空泵，利用真空泵在椭叠式污泥脱水机室和污泥槽内产生真空，转子污水泵仅起污水泵作用。
作为进一步的技术方案，小型污水处理设备的清洗。小型污水处理设备S的清洗过程为一独立过程，属于单独系统。清洗作业时，将便携式自吸清水泵从车上取下，采用小型污水处理设备电控箱电源，利用小型污水处理设备出水端的出水对清空的小型污水处理设备清洗。
本发明的有益过程如下：
本发明在污水过程中在污水管路中加入絮凝剂，使污水与絮凝剂混合，在污水槽内进行絮凝反应。为进一步提高絮凝效果，本发明可以采用气泵向污水槽内泵气搅拌混合絮凝剂的方式。絮凝后的污水通过椭叠式污泥脱水机进行污泥脱 水，脱水后的污泥存放在污泥槽内，分离水回送到小型污水处理设备。脱水后污泥的含水率低于85％。
本发明采用转子污水泵从小型污水处理设备抽取污水。为放置小型污水处理设备存在杂物或较大颗粒对转子污水泵造成不良影响，在转子污水泵抽取污水时，污水先经过椭叠式污泥脱水机对杂物分离、污泥脱水，然后通过转子污水泵进入污水槽。为实现该过程，本发明的椭叠式污泥脱水机安装在封闭的椭叠机室内，与污泥槽一起承受真空密封。
附图说明
图1：污泥脱水车外形及布置图；
图2：污泥脱水车内部布置图(等轴)；
图3：污泥脱水车内部布置图(右侧)；
图4：吸污过程图；
图5：絮凝过程实施实例1
图6：污水回送过程图；
图7：增加真空泵实施实例；
图中：1车底盘、2集成箱、3液压泵站、4工具箱、5吸污软管卷盘、6软管支架、7真空泵、2.1污水槽、2.2絮凝剂槽、2.3转子污水泵、2.4椭叠式污泥脱水机室、2.5污泥槽、2.6螺旋输送装置、2.7便携式清洗水泵箱、2.8操作面板箱、2.9清水箱、2.10三通球阀、2.11三通球阀、2.12絮凝剂阀、2.13气泵。
具体实施方式
本发明实施实例如图1-7所示。下面以图1-7所示详细描述本发明的实施。
如图1所示：该污泥脱水车包括车底盘1，在车底盘1上布置设备集成箱2，在设备集成箱2顶部前方布置有吸污软管卷盘5，在设备集成箱2后部布置软管支架6，在车底盘下部布置有液压泵站3和工具箱4。
如图2、图3所示：设备集成箱2内包括：污水槽2.1、絮凝剂槽2.2、转子污水泵2.3、椭叠式污泥脱水机室2.4、污泥槽2.5、螺旋输送装置2.6、便携式清洗水泵箱2.7、操作面板箱2.8、清水箱2.9、三通球阀2.10、三通球阀2.11、二通球阀2.12；
三通球阀2.10包括第一阀口、第二阀口和第三阀口；三通球阀2.11包括第一阀口、第二阀口和第三阀口；絮凝剂阀2.12为一个二通阀。
椭叠式污泥脱水机室2.4的杂物和污泥出口与污泥槽2.5之间连通，污泥槽2.5与螺旋输送装置2.6相连；椭叠式污泥脱水机室2.4的入口通过第一管路与吸污软管卷盘5相连，三通球阀2.10安装在第一管路上，三通球阀2.10的第一阀口与吸污软管卷盘5相连，三通球阀2.10的第二阀口与椭叠式污泥脱水机室2.4相连；椭叠式污泥脱水机室2.4的底部的集水室与转子污水泵2.3的入口通过第二管路相连，且絮凝剂槽2.2通过第三管路与第二管路相连，在第三管路上安装二通球阀2.12；转子污水泵2.3的出口与三通球阀2.11的第三阀口相连；三通球阀2.10的第三阀口与三通球阀2.11的第三阀口也相连。
三通球阀2.11的第二阀口通过第四管路与污水槽2.1相连，三通球阀2.11的第一阀口通过第五管路与三通球阀2.10的第二阀口相连，三通球阀2.10的第一阀口与吸污软管卷盘5相连。
系统的工作，有四个主过程：吸污、絮凝、污水回送、污泥排放，和几个辅佐过程。
如图4所示吸污过程中，液控三通球阀2.10的第一阀口、第二阀口开启，第三阀口关闭；液动三通阀2.11的第一阀口关闭，第三阀口、第二阀口开启；
吸污时操作操作面板箱2.8内的手动阀，启动转子污水泵2.3；操作手动阀，使液控三通球阀2.10的第一阀口、第二阀口开启，第三阀口关闭，转子污水泵2.3处于吸污状态。利用转子污水泵2.3的抽真空性能将封闭的椭叠式污泥脱水机室2.4、吸污软管以及污泥槽2.5内抽成真空，由于真空的作用，则小型污水处理设备S内的污水、浮渣等通过吸污软管、液动三通球阀2.10进入椭叠式污泥脱水机室2.4。进入椭叠式污泥脱水机室2.4内的污水，经过椭叠式污泥脱水机进行杂物分离和污泥、浮渣脱水，杂物、脱水后的污泥、浮渣进入污泥槽2.5收集存放；分离的水进入下部的集水室，由转子污水泵2.3抽出通过排放管路和液动三通阀2.11(此时污水槽2.1污水管路上的液动三通阀2.11的第一阀口关闭，第三阀口、第二阀口开启，处于与转子污水泵2.3出口连通状态)排入污水槽2.1中。
在吸污的过程中，絮凝剂槽2.2的排出管路上的絮凝剂阀2.12处于打开状态，由于转子污水泵2.3的自吸作用，絮凝剂通过絮凝剂阀2.12被吸入污水管路与污水混和最终进入污水槽2.1内进行絮凝反应。
絮凝过程：如图4在吸污过程中，絮凝剂直接被吸入，与污水混合，由于污水进入污水槽2.1的底部，污水进入口的经过专门设计，在污水进入污水槽2.1内时，对污水进一步搅动，增加絮凝剂的混合效果。在吸污过程中结束后，絮凝过程则为静置一定时间。
絮凝剂加入量可以通过絮凝剂箱2.2上的观察窗确定加入量的多少或由流量计自动控制。污水在污水槽2.1内絮凝过程，可以通过设置在污水槽2.1上观察 窗观察，看絮凝反应是否达到要求，是否可以进行下一步操作。
污水回送过程如图6所示：在这个过程中，液动三通球阀2.10的第二阀口关闭，第一、第三阀口打开；液动三通球阀2.11的第一阀口、第二阀口打开，第三阀口关闭；
絮凝反应之后(反应程度可以通过设置在污水2.1上的观察视窗观察判断)，启动转子污水泵2.3，将椭叠式污泥脱水机室2.4、污泥槽2.5及相应管路抽真空，污水槽2.1内污水通过液动三通球阀2.11(该阀此时与椭叠式污泥脱水机入口相通)进入椭叠式污泥脱水机，经过椭叠的进行絮凝污泥脱水，脱水后的污泥进入污泥槽2.5收集存放；分离的污水进入下部的集水室，由转子污水泵2.3抽出通过排放管路和液动三通阀2.10(此时液动三通阀2.10处于与转子污水泵2.3出口管路处于连通状态)回送到小型污水处理设备S中。
污泥排放过程：通过设置在污泥槽2.5外部的观察窗可以观察到污泥槽2.5内污泥量。在污泥槽2.5内污泥满时或作业结束后，将该车开到指定地点，启动螺旋输送装置2.6将污泥排出。
实施例2
絮凝过程的另一实施实例如图5所示，在吸污过程加入絮凝剂，在吸污过程结束后，启动额外布置的气泵2.13，通过设置在污水槽2.1内的曝气管2.14对絮凝剂进行曝气搅拌，一定时间后，静置絮凝。其余结构、反应过程均与实施例1相同。
实施例3
若需进一步提高吸污性能，则如图7所示的另一实施实例，在椭叠式污泥脱水机室2.4和污泥槽2.5上增加一真空泵7，利用真空泵7在椭叠式污泥脱水机 室2.4和污泥槽2.5内产生真空，转子污水泵2.3仅起污水泵作用，其余结构、反应过程均与实施例1相同。
实施例4
该污泥脱水车还具有其他辅助功能，例如小型污水处理设备S的清洗。小型污水处理设备S的清洗过程为一独立过程，属于单独系统。清洗作业时，将便携式自吸清水泵从车上取下，采用小型污水处理设备S电控箱电源，利用小型污水处理设备S出水端的出水对清空的小型污水处理设备S清洗。该污泥脱水车配置有清水箱2.9，用来个人卫生清洗。在作业完成后，作业人员可以拉出清水软管，打开设置在清水箱2.9上的手动阀门，进行个人卫生清洗。
本发明在污水过程中在污水管路中加入絮凝剂，使污水与絮凝剂混合，在污水槽内进行絮凝反应。为进一步提高絮凝效果，本发明可以采用气泵向污水槽内泵气搅拌混合絮凝剂的方式。絮凝后的污水通过椭叠式污泥脱水机进行污泥脱水，脱水后的污泥存放在污泥槽内，分离水回送到小型污水处理设备。脱水后污泥的含水率低于85％。
本发明采用转子污水泵从小型污水处理设备抽取污水。为放置小型污水处理设备存在杂物或较大颗粒对转子污水泵造成不良影响，在转子污水泵抽取污水时，污水先经过椭叠式污泥脱水机对杂物分离、污泥脱水，然后通过转子污水泵进入污水槽。为实现该过程，本发明的椭叠式污泥脱水机安装在封闭的椭叠机室内，与污泥槽一起承受真空密封。
本发明并不局限所描述的具体设备，例如转子污水泵、椭叠式污泥脱水机，具有与该设备同样功能的设备仍在本实用新型范围之内。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域 的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种小型污水处理设备污泥脱水车，包括车体，在所述的车体上布置设备集成箱，在设备集成箱上布置有吸污软管卷盘；其特征在于，
    所述的设备集成箱内包括污水槽、絮凝剂槽、转子污水泵、椭叠式污泥脱水机室和污泥槽；
    所述的吸污软管卷盘通过第一三通球阀的第一阀口、第二阀口与椭叠式污泥脱水机室的入口相连；椭叠式污泥脱水机室的杂物和污泥出口与污泥槽之间连通；椭叠式污泥脱水机室的底部的集水室与转子污水泵的入口相连，同时絮凝剂槽通过二通球阀与转子污水泵的入口相连；第二三通球阀的第一阀口与第一三通球阀的第二阀口相连，第一三通球阀的第二阀口与污水槽相连，第二三通球阀的第三阀口与第一三通球阀的第三阀口、转子污水泵的出口相连。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的小型污水处理设备污泥脱水车，其特征在于，所述的椭叠式污泥脱水机室和污泥槽上连接一真空泵。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的小型污水处理设备污泥脱水车，其特征在于，在所述的污水槽内设置有曝气管，在所述的污水槽外设有一个气泵。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的小型污水处理设备污泥脱水车，其特征在于，在设备集成箱后部布置软管支架，在车底盘下部布置有液压泵站和工具箱。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的小型污水处理设备污泥脱水车，其特征在于，在设备集成箱内还设有便携式清洗水泵箱和清水箱。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的小型污水处理设备污泥脱水车，其特征在于，在絮凝剂箱、污泥槽和污水槽的外部设置观察窗。
  7. 权利要求1-6任一所述的小型污水处理设备污泥脱水车的污泥处理方法，其特征在于，包括吸污、絮凝、污水回送、污泥排放四个过程；
    吸污过程，转子污水泵启动，在椭叠式污泥脱水机室、污泥室、吸污管路内形成真空，污水被抽吸到椭叠式污泥脱水机室，污水经过椭叠式污泥脱水机对杂物分离、污泥脱水；杂物、脱水污泥进入污泥槽，分离水被转子污水泵抽吸排放到污水槽；在吸污过程中，利用转子污水泵的真空抽吸的性能将絮凝剂从絮凝剂槽吸污加入到污水管路中，通过管路与污水一起被输送到污水槽。
    絮凝过程，絮凝剂加入到污水管路中，随污水流动与污水进行混合，在进入污水槽后，由于污水入口在污水槽底部，对污水槽内污水有搅拌作用，进一步混合絮凝剂；
    污水回送过程，转子污水泵启动，在椭叠式污泥脱水机室、污泥室、吸污管路内形成真空，污水从污水槽被抽吸到椭叠式污泥脱水机室，污水经过椭叠式污泥脱水机对污泥脱水；脱水污泥进入污泥槽，分离水被转子污水泵抽吸回送到小型污水处理设备；
    污泥排放过程，在污泥槽内污泥满后，在制定卸污地点，通过操作车上的螺旋输送器将污泥排出。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的污泥处理方法，其特征在于，絮凝剂加入量可以通过絮凝剂箱上的观察窗确定加入量的多少或由流量计自动控制。污水在污水槽内絮凝过程，通过设置在污水槽上观察窗观察，看絮凝反应是否达到要求，是否可以进行下一步操作。
  9. 如权利要求7所述的污泥处理方法，其特征在于，在吸污过程加入絮凝剂，在吸污过程结束后，启动额外布置的气泵，通过设置在污水槽内的曝气管对絮凝剂进行曝气搅拌，一定时间后，静置絮凝。
  10. 如权利要求7所述的污泥处理方法，其特征在于，若需进一步提高吸污 性能，在椭叠式污泥脱水机室和污泥槽上增加一真空泵，利用真空泵在椭叠式污泥脱水机室和污泥槽内产生真空，转子污水泵仅起污水泵作用。
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