WO2021099424A1 - Facility for storing a liquefied gas - Google Patents

Facility for storing a liquefied gas Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021099424A1
WO2021099424A1 PCT/EP2020/082596 EP2020082596W WO2021099424A1 WO 2021099424 A1 WO2021099424 A1 WO 2021099424A1 EP 2020082596 W EP2020082596 W EP 2020082596W WO 2021099424 A1 WO2021099424 A1 WO 2021099424A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tank
annex
main tanks
wall
installation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2020/082596
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Géry CANLER
Original Assignee
Gaztransport Et Technigaz
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gaztransport Et Technigaz filed Critical Gaztransport Et Technigaz
Priority to KR1020227020990A priority Critical patent/KR20220102644A/en
Priority to CN202080080683.XA priority patent/CN114729725A/en
Publication of WO2021099424A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021099424A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/30—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures
    • B63B27/34—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures using pipe-lines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/24—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of pipe-lines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B73/00—Building or assembling vessels or marine structures, e.g. hulls or offshore platforms
    • B63B73/20—Building or assembling prefabricated vessel modules or parts other than hull blocks, e.g. engine rooms, rudders, propellers, superstructures, berths, holds or tanks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B73/00—Building or assembling vessels or marine structures, e.g. hulls or offshore platforms
    • B63B73/40—Building or assembling vessels or marine structures, e.g. hulls or offshore platforms characterised by joining methods
    • B63B73/43—Welding, e.g. laser welding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/08—Mounting arrangements for vessels
    • F17C13/082—Mounting arrangements for vessels for large sea-borne storage vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B2231/00—Material used for some parts or elements, or for particular purposes
    • B63B2231/02—Metallic materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
    • F17C2201/0157—Polygonal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0358—Thermal insulations by solid means in form of panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0648—Alloys or compositions of metals
    • F17C2203/0651—Invar
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
    • F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
    • F17C2205/0134—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels
    • F17C2205/0142—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels bundled in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
    • F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
    • F17C2205/0134—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels
    • F17C2205/0146—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels with details of the manifold
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0153—Details of mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/018—Supporting feet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0332—Safety valves or pressure relief valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0352—Pipes
    • F17C2205/0355—Insulation thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0352—Pipes
    • F17C2205/0358—Pipes coaxial
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0352—Pipes
    • F17C2205/0361—Pipes corrugated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0352—Pipes
    • F17C2205/0367—Arrangements in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0171—Arrangement
    • F17C2227/0178—Arrangement in the vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/04—Methods for emptying or filling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
    • F17C2260/013—Reducing manufacturing time or effort
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
    • F17C2260/016—Preventing slosh
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F17C2270/0107—Wall panels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of liquefied gas storage installations, such as installations for the transport of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (also called LPG) having for example a temperature between -50 ° C and 0 ° C, or for the transport of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) at approximately -162 ° C at atmospheric pressure.
  • LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas
  • LNG Liquefied Natural Gas
  • installations can be installed on land or on a floating structure.
  • the installation may be intended for the transport of liquefied gas or to receive liquefied gas serving as fuel for the propulsion of the floating structure.
  • Document KR20120094682 discloses a ship comprising two tanks which are arranged side by side in the width direction of the ship and which each extend in the longitudinal direction of the ship.
  • the two tanks are separated from each other by a central cofferdam space.
  • the storage capacity of each of the two tanks is lower and the forces liable to be exerted on the walls of the tanks due to the movement of the cargo are, therefore, lesser.
  • the vessel further comprises a thermally insulated housing which is arranged in the central cofferdam space and which is connected by connecting pipes to the bottoms of the two tanks.
  • a loading pipe passes through the walls of the housing and thus allows the cargo to be loaded into the two tanks, through the housing.
  • the housing houses an unloading pump which is connected to an unloading pipe which passes through a wall of the housing and thereby allows cargo to be discharged from the tanks through the housing.
  • the housing does not have any equipment making it possible to evacuate the gas in vapor phase from said housing.
  • the liquefied gas stored in the casing will necessarily absorb heat and evaporate, thus creating a vapor phase inside the casing.
  • the absence of equipment making it possible to evacuate the gas in vapor phase from said casing is liable to cause overpressures inside the casing liable to damage it.
  • An idea underlying the invention is to provide a liquefied gas storage installation in which the forces likely to be exerted under the effect of the movement of the cargo are limited and which is reliable, simple and inexpensive.
  • the invention provides an installation for storing a liquefied gas comprising: - two main tanks each having a lower portion and an upper portion which is located above an upper filling limit of said main tank; - an annex tank having an upper portion extending above the upper limit of filling of the main tanks; a line for unloading the liquefied gas which passes through a ceiling wall of the annex tank and opens into the lower portion of the annex tank, said unloading line being associated with an unloading pump; - two liquefied gas transfer conduits in the liquid phase which respectively connect the lower portion of the annex tank to the lower portion of one and the other of the two main tanks so as to allow the unloading of the two main tanks via the line unloading; - two liquefied gas vapor transfer conduits which respectively connect the upper portion of the annex tank to the upper portion of one and the other of the two main tanks so as to ensure communication of the vapor phases of the main tanks and of the annex tank; and -
  • the unloading equipment of the two main tanks can be shared, which simplifies the installation and reduces its cost.
  • the annex tank having a smaller volume the unloading equipment of the two tanks are subjected to lower sloshing phenomena.
  • such an installation may include one or more of the following characteristics.
  • the installation further comprises a loading line which passes through a ceiling wall of the annex tank and opens into the annex tank.
  • the annex tank has a smaller volume than that of the main tanks.
  • the annex tank has a volume less than 10% of the volume of each main tank.
  • the conduits for transferring the liquefied gas in the liquid phase are inclined with a slope oriented to allow the gravity flow of the liquid from the main tanks to the annex tank.
  • the installation also comprises a loading line which passes through a wall of the annex tank and opens into the internal space of the annex tank.
  • the conduits for transferring the liquefied gas in the liquid phase each open into the lower portion of one of the main tanks at a distance from a bottom wall of said main tank which is less than 10%, of preferably less than 5% and advantageously less than 2% of the height of said main tank.
  • the liquefied gas transfer conduits each open into the lower portion of one of the main tanks at the bottom wall of said main tank. This optimizes the useful volume of cargo that can be unloaded from the main tanks.
  • the annex tank and the main tanks each have a bottom wall and the bottom wall of the annex tank is arranged at a height which is less than that of the bottom walls of the main tanks. This further optimizes the useful volume of cargo that can be unloaded from the main tanks.
  • the unloading pump has a suction member which is arranged at a height less than that of the bottom walls of the main tanks.
  • the annex tank comprises a loading / unloading tower which passes through a ceiling wall of the annex tank, extends over substantially the entire height of the annex tank and supports the loading line, the unloading line and the unloading pump.
  • the loading / unloading tower comprises a base which cooperates with a support foot which is fixed to a lower wall of a supporting structure of the annex tank.
  • the loading / unloading tower comprises at least two vertical masts which are fixed to each other by cross members, at least one of said masts being hollow and forming the unloading line.
  • the loading / unloading tower has three masts.
  • the three masts are hollow and each form a loading and / or unloading line making it possible to load or unload liquefied gas from the annex tank or an emergency well allowing the descent of an emergency pump. and an unloading line.
  • the vapor collection duct passes through a ceiling wall of the annex tank, the vapor collection duct being equipped with a safety valve which is calibrated so as to ensure evacuation of the gas in the vapor phase.
  • a safety valve which is calibrated so as to ensure evacuation of the gas in the vapor phase.
  • the annex tank and the main tanks each comprise a ceiling wall, the ceiling wall of the annex tank is arranged at a height which is greater than that of the ceiling walls of the main tanks.
  • the main tanks are separated by a cofferdam space defined by two cofferdam walls, the annex tank being housed in the cofferdam space.
  • the annex tank has a transverse dimension and a longitudinal dimension which are each between 1.5 and 4 meters.
  • the main tanks and the annex tank comprise walls each having, in the thickness direction of said wall, from the outside to the inside, a secondary thermally insulating barrier resting against a supporting structure, a watertight secondary membrane resting against the secondary thermally insulating barrier, a primary thermally insulating barrier resting against the watertight secondary membrane and a watertight primary membrane intended to be in contact with the liquefied gas stored in the tank and resting against the primary thermally insulating barrier.
  • the conduits for the transfer of liquefied gas in the liquid phase each comprise a primary metal tube which passes through a wall of the annex tank and is welded in a leaktight manner to the primary waterproof membrane of said wall of the annex tank and which passes through a wall of one of the main tanks and is welded in a sealed manner to the primary sealed membrane of said wall of one of the main tanks.
  • the primary metal tube has two ends equipped with flanges, said flanges being respectively sealed to the primary waterproof membrane of the wall of the annex tank and to the primary waterproof membrane of said wall of one. of the main tanks.
  • the conduits for the transfer of the liquefied gas in the liquid phase each comprise a secondary metal tube which is arranged around the primary metal tube and which is sealed to the secondary sealed membrane of the wall of the main tank. which is crossed by the primary metal tube and to the secondary waterproof membrane of the wall of the annex tank which is crossed by the primary metal tube.
  • the secondary metal tube has two ends equipped with flanges, said flanges being respectively sealed to the secondary waterproof membrane of the wall of the annex tank and to the secondary waterproof membrane of said wall of one. of the main tanks.
  • the conduits for the transfer of the liquefied gas in the liquid phase each comprise a support tube which is arranged around the secondary metal tube and which is fixed to a supporting structure of one of the main tanks and to the structure. carrier of the annex tank.
  • conduits for the transfer of liquefied gas in the liquid phase ensure the continuity of the watertight primary and secondary membranes as well as of the supporting structure between the annex tank and the main tanks.
  • a primary insulating layer is disposed radially between the primary metal tube and the secondary metal tube.
  • a secondary insulating layer is disposed radially between the secondary metal tube and the support tube.
  • the primary metal tube and / or the secondary metal tube are made of Invar.
  • the primary metal tube and the secondary metal tube include one or more compensation devices, such as bellows.
  • the conduits for the transfer of liquefied gas in the vapor phase each comprise a primary metal tube which passes through a wall of the annex tank and is sealed to the primary waterproof membrane of said wall of the annex tank and which passes through a wall of one of the main tanks and is sealed to the primary sealed membrane of said wall of one of the main tanks.
  • the conduits for the transfer of the liquefied gas in the vapor phase each comprise a secondary metal tube which is arranged around the primary metal tube and which is sealed to the secondary sealed membrane of the wall of the main vessel. which is crossed by the primary metal tube and to the secondary waterproof membrane of the wall of the annex tank which is crossed by the primary metal tube.
  • the conduits for the transfer of the liquefied gas in the vapor phase each comprise a support tube which is arranged around the secondary metal tube and which is fixed to a supporting structure of one of the main tanks and to the structure. carrier of the annex tank.
  • the invention also provides a ship, the ship comprising the aforementioned installation.
  • the main tanks extend side by side in a longitudinal direction of the ship and are separated from each other by a central cofferdam space.
  • the annex tank is arranged in the central cofferdam space.
  • the annex tank is disposed towards the rear of the ship with respect to the median transverse planes intersecting the main tanks at the middle of their length.
  • the main tanks are arranged one after the other in a longitudinal direction of the ship and are separated from each other by a transverse cofferdam space and the annex tank is arranged in the transverse cofferdam space.
  • the invention also provides a method for loading or unloading such a vessel, in which a fluid is conveyed through isolated pipes from or to a floating or terrestrial storage installation to or from the tank of the vessel. ship.
  • the invention also provides a transfer system for a fluid, the system comprising the aforementioned vessel, isolated pipes arranged so as to connect the tank installed in the hull of the vessel to a floating or land storage installation. and a pump for driving a fluid through the insulated pipelines from or towards the floating or terrestrial storage facility to or from the vessel of the vessel.
  • The is a schematic representation of an installation for the storage of liquefied gas.
  • The is a view equivalent to that of the showing the connection of the two main tanks to the annex tank, in the upper part, according to an alternative embodiment.
  • Liquefied gas is, for example, chosen from Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) and Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG).
  • the installation 1 is advantageously on board a ship.
  • the vessel may in particular be a vessel intended for the transport of liquefied gas and / or a vessel propelled with liquefied gas, such as a freight vessel, a passenger vessel, a fishing vessel or others.
  • Installation 1 has two main tanks 2, 3 intended to receive liquefied gas.
  • the main tanks 2, 3 are membrane tanks.
  • Each main tank 2, 3 has a plurality of walls defining an internal space 4 intended for the storage of liquefied gas.
  • Each wall has a multilayer structure and comprises, in the thickness direction of said wall, from the outside to the inside of the tank, a secondary thermally insulating barrier 5 resting against a supporting structure 6, a waterproof secondary membrane 7 resting on it. against the secondary thermally insulating barrier 5, a primary thermally insulating barrier 8 resting against the waterproof secondary membrane 7 and a waterproof primary membrane 9 intended to be in contact with the liquefied gas stored in the tank and resting against the primary thermally insulating barrier 8.
  • each wall only has a waterproof primary membrane and a primary thermally insulating barrier resting against the supporting structure.
  • each of the two main tanks 2, 3 has a polyhedral shape with an octagonal section.
  • Each tank thus has a front wall, not shown in the , and a rear wall 10 of octagonal shape which are connected to one another by two walls extending in the longitudinal direction of said tank, namely a horizontal bottom wall 11, a horizontal ceiling wall 12, two vertical side walls 13, 14, two upper chamfer walls 15, 16 each connecting one of the side walls 13, 14 to the ceiling wall 12 and two lower chamfer walls 17, 18 each connecting one of the side walls 13 , 14 to the back wall 11.
  • the supporting structure of the main tanks 2, 3 is formed by the structure of a ship and in particular by its internal hull.
  • the vessel has an internal hull which has transverse cofferdam walls against which the front and rear walls of the vessel are anchored and horizontal, vertical and oblique longitudinal walls corresponding to the other walls of the main vessels.
  • the internal hull is arranged in two rows which extend in the longitudinal direction of the ship and which are separated from each other by a central cofferdam space 19 which is defined between two cofferdam walls 20, 21.
  • the installation 1 further comprises an annex tank 22.
  • the annex tank 22 comprises an upper portion which is connected to the upper portions of the two main tanks 2, 3, that is to say to the portions of the main tanks 2, 3 which are located above their upper fill limit.
  • the upper filling limit corresponds to a filling of 95% or 98% of the volume of each main tank 2, 3.
  • the lower portion of the annex tank 22 is connected to the lower portion of the tanks. main tanks 2, 3.
  • the annex tank 22 is advantageously arranged in the central cofferdam space 19.
  • the annex tank 22 also comprises the equipment intended to ensure the loading and unloading of the main tanks as well as the equipment intended to control the pressure of the vapor phase inside the main tanks 2, 3 and the annex tank 22.
  • Such an arrangement is advantageous in that it makes it possible to pool the loading / unloading equipment of the two main tanks 2, 3.
  • the equipment intended to control the pressure of the vapor phase make it possible to manage the pressure of the vapor phase in the annex tank 22, as in the main tanks 2, 3.
  • the annex tank 22 is advantageously a membrane tank and comprises a multilayer structure identical to those of the main tanks 2, 3.
  • the annex tank 22 comprises walls which have, in the direction of thickness of said wall. , from the outside to the inside of the tank, a secondary thermally insulating barrier 24 resting against a supporting structure 23, a waterproof secondary membrane 25 resting against the secondary thermally insulating barrier 24, a primary thermally insulating barrier 26 resting against the membrane sealed secondary 25 and a sealed primary membrane 27 intended to be in contact with the liquefied gas stored in the annex tank 22 and resting against the primary thermally insulating barrier 26.
  • the annex tank 22 is for example of the NO96 ® type or of the Mark III type ®.
  • the annex tank 22 is not necessarily of the same type as the main tanks 2, 3.
  • the annex tank 22 has the general shape of a rectangular parallelepiped. However, in other variant embodiments not shown, the annex tank 22 has another general shape, such as a cylindrical shape.
  • the dimension of the annex tank 22 in the longitudinal direction of the ship and the dimension of the tank in the transverse direction of the ship are between 1.5 and 4 meters, for example each of the order of 2 to 2.5 meters.
  • the annex tank 22 comprises a loading / unloading tower 28 which passes through the ceiling wall of the annex tank 22.
  • the loading / loading tower 28 extends over substantially the entire height of the annex tank 22. It supports, at its lower end, one or more pumps 29 for unloading the cargo.
  • the loading / unloading tower 28 comprises a base which cooperates with a support foot 30 which is fixed to the lower wall of the supporting structure of the annex tank 22 and which aims to ensure that the loading tower is kept in a vertical position. unloading 28.
  • a support foot 30 is, for example, described in applications FR3035475 and WO2011157915.
  • the loading / unloading tower 28 comprises a tripod structure, that is to say it comprises three vertical masts which are each fixed to each other by crossbars. Each of the masts is hollow and passes through the upper wall of the annex tank 22. Each of the masts forms either a loading line 42 and / or an unloading line making it possible to load or unload liquefied gas to or from the annex tank 22; or an emergency well allowing the descent of an emergency pump and an unloading line in the event of failure of the other unloading pumps 29.
  • two of the masts form an unloading line and are, for this purpose, each associated with an unloading pump 29 which is attached to the lower end of the loading / unloading tower while the third mast forms a relief well.
  • the loading / unloading tower 28 carries one or more loading lines which do not constitute one of the masts of the tripod structure.
  • the loading / unloading tower 28 comprises a tripod structure, that is to say it comprises three vertical masts aligned in the same direction and fixed to each other by cross members.
  • the pump 29 is not completely disposed inside the annex tank 22.
  • the pump motor is fixed outside the annex tank 22 and is, for example , fixed on the deck of the ship.
  • the pump then comprises a rotor shaft which is housed inside one of the loading lines and which is equipped with a turbine arranged inside the annex tank 22, in the lower part thereof.
  • the lower portion of the annex tank 2 is connected to the main tanks 2, 3, near their bottom wall 11.
  • the lower portion of the annex tank 22 is connected to the main tanks 2, 3 at a distance from their bottom wall 11 which is less than 10% of the height of the tank, advantageously less than 5% and preferably less than 2%.
  • the suction member of one or more of the pumps 29 is arranged at a level lower than that of the primary membrane 9 of the bottom walls 11 of the main tanks 2, 3. This makes it possible to optimize the useful volume. of cargo that can be unloaded from the main tanks 2, 3.
  • the annex tank 22 is connected to the main tanks 2, 3 near the rear wall 10 of said main tanks 2, 3 which makes it possible to optimize the quantity of cargo capable of being unloaded, insofar as a vessel tends to lean backward.
  • the annex tank 22 is positioned, in the longitudinal direction of the vessel, near the rear walls of the main tanks 2, 3.
  • the annex tank 22 is arranged towards the rear of the vessel. with respect to the median transverse planes intersecting the main tanks 2, 3 in the middle of their length.
  • the conduits 33 connecting the lower portion of the annex tank 22 to the lower portions of the main tanks 2, 3 are inclined with a slope oriented to allow the gravity flow of the liquefied gas from the main tanks 2, 3 to the annex tank 22 .
  • the annex tank 22 is equipped with a vapor collection duct 31 which passes through a wall of the annex tank 22, preferably the upper wall, and which thus opens into the interior of the annex tank 22, near of the upper wall.
  • the vapor collection duct 31 is connected to a vapor collector and is equipped with a safety valve 32 which is calibrated so as to ensure evacuation of the gas in the vapor phase, when the pressure in the interior space of the tank appendix 22 exceeds a threshold pressure Ps.
  • the vapor collection duct 31 aims, in the event of overpressure, to extract vapor from the gas headspace and thus makes it possible to control the pressure in the gas headspace of the main tanks 2, 3 and of the annex tank 22 so as to avoid overpressures liable to damage the main tanks 2, 3 and the annex tank 22.
  • the vapor collection duct 31 is arranged to conduct the extracted vapor towards a degassing mast, towards a burner, towards an energy production device, towards a propulsion device of the ship or towards a device. re-liquefaction in which the gas in the vapor phase is re-liquefied and then reintroduced into the main tanks 2, 3 in the liquid phase.
  • the upper wall of the annex tank 22 extends at the same level or advantageously above the upper walls of the main tanks 2, 3.
  • Each conduit 33 comprises a primary metal tube 34 which passes through a wall of one of the main tanks 2 , 3, for example a lower chamfer wall 17, 18, one of the cofferdam walls 20, 21 defining the central cofferdam space 19 and a side wall of the annex tank 22.
  • the primary metal tube 34 thus comprises a first end opening into the internal space of one of the main tanks 2, 3 and a second end opposite the first end and opening into the internal space of the annex tank 22.
  • the primary metal tube 34 has at each of its ends a flange, not shown, which is fixed all around the end of the primary metal tube 34. The two flanges are respectively welded in a sealed manner to the primary waterproofing membrane 9 of the main tank 2, 3 and to the primary waterproofing membrane 27 of the annex tank 22.
  • Each conduit 33 also includes a secondary metal tube 35 which is disposed around the primary metal tube 34 concentrically thereto.
  • the secondary metal tube 35 passes through the supporting structure 6, the secondary thermally insulating barrier 5 and the secondary waterproof membrane 9 of the lower chamfer wall 17, 18 of one of the main tanks 2, 3 and of the side wall of the tank. annex 22.
  • the secondary metal tube 35 comprises a first end opening into the primary thermally insulating barrier 8 of one of the main tanks 2, 3 and a second end opposite the first end opening into the primary thermally insulating barrier 26 of the annex tank 22.
  • the secondary metal tube 35 has at each of its ends a collar, not shown, which is fixed all around the end of the secondary metal tube 35.
  • the two collars are respectively welded together. sealed manner to the secondary sealing membrane 7 of one of the main tanks 2, 3 and to the secondary sealing membrane 25 of the annex tank 22.
  • the primary metal tube 34 and the secondary metal tube 35 are, for example, made of Invar®, that is to say an alloy of iron and nickel, the coefficient of expansion of which is typically between 1.2.10 -6 and 2.10 -6 K -1 .
  • a primary thermally insulating layer is inserted between the primary metal tube 34 and the secondary metal tube 35 all around the outer wall of the primary metal tube 34 in order to perform the same function as the thermally insulating barrier. primary.
  • the conduit 33 also includes a support tube 36 which passes through one of the cofferdam walls 20, 21 of the central cofferdam space 19.
  • the support tube 36 is disposed around the secondary metal tube 35 in a concentric manner thereto. this.
  • the support tube 36 is fixed on the one hand to the supporting structure 6 of one of the main tanks 2, 3 and on the other hand to the supporting structure 23 of the annex tank 22.
  • the support tube 36 provides the same. function as the supporting structures of the main tanks 2, 3 and annex and thus makes it possible to support the secondary metal tube 35 and the primary metal tube 34.
  • the conduit 33 comprises a secondary thermally insulating layer, extending all around the outer wall of secondary metal tube 35, between secondary metal tube 35 and support tube 36. The secondary thermally insulating layer thus performs the same function as the secondary thermally insulating barrier.
  • conduit 33 makes it possible to ensure the continuity of the sealed primary and secondary membranes as well as the primary and secondary thermally insulating barriers between the annex tank 22 and the main tanks 2, 3.
  • the primary metal tube 34 and the secondary metal tube 35 comprise one or more compensation devices, such as bellows, allowing flexibility to be provided in their longitudinal direction so as to allow their contraction and expansion.
  • compensation devices such as bellows
  • the pressure of the vapor phase is therefore substantially similar in the main tanks 2, 3 and in the annex tank 22.
  • the safety valve 32 s 'opens so as to evacuate the excess steam from said annex tank 22.
  • the conduits 37 have a structure similar to the conduits 33 described in relation with the .
  • the conduits 37 each have three concentric tubes, namely a primary metal tube 38, a secondary metal tube 39 and a support tube 40.
  • the primary metal tube 38 passes through the upper chamfer wall 15, 16 of one of the tanks. main 2, 3 and the side wall of the annex tank 22.
  • Each of the ends of the primary metal tube 38 has a flange. One of the flanges is sealed to the primary membrane 9 of the main tank 2, 3 while the other is sealed to the primary membrane 27 of the annex tank 22.
  • the secondary metal tube 35 passes through the load-bearing structure 6, the secondary thermally insulating barrier 5 and the waterproof secondary membrane 7 of one of the main tanks 2, 3 and of the annex tank 22.
  • Each of the ends of the secondary metal tube 39 has a collar, one being welded tightly to the secondary waterproof membrane 7 of the main tank 2, 3 and the other being sealed to the secondary waterproof membrane 25 of the annex tank 22.
  • the support tube 40 is itself welded to the structure carrier 6 of the main tank 2, on the one hand, and to the supporting structure 23 of the annex tank 22, on the other hand.
  • a primary thermally insulating layer is disposed radially between the primary metal tube 38 and the secondary metal tube 39 and a secondary thermally insulating layer is disposed radially between the secondary metal tube 39 and the support tube 40.
  • the annex tank 22 is here arranged between the two main tanks 2, 3, in the central cofferdam space 19.
  • the conduits 41 connect the upper portion of the main tanks 2, 3 to the upper portion of the annex tank 22 passing through the upper cofferdam space which is defined between the outer hull and the inner hull of the ship, at the- above the main tanks 22, 23.
  • Each duct 41 comprises a primary tube which passes through the ceiling wall of one of the main tanks 2, 3 to open into the upper portion of the main tank 2, 3 and passes through a wall of the annex tank 22 to open into the upper portion of the annex tank 22.
  • the primary metal tube has two flanges which are arranged at both ends of the primary duct and are respectively welded to the primary waterproof membrane 9 of the main tank 2, 3 and to the primary waterproof membrane 27 of the annex tank 22.
  • either the primary metal tube is also connected in a sealed manner to the dry waterproof membrane of the main tank and of the annex tank 22 in order to ensure their continuity
  • either the duct includes a secondary metal tube, not shown on the .
  • the secondary metal tube is arranged coaxially with the primary metal tube, around said primary metal tube.
  • the secondary metal tube has ends fitted with flanges which are respectively welded to the secondary waterproof membrane of the main tank and to the secondary waterproof membrane of the annex tank 22.
  • each of the main tanks 2, 3 is connected to the upper portion of the annex tank 22 by two conduits 41 which open into the internal space of said main tank 2, 3 of on either side of a median longitudinal vertical plane of said main tank 2, 3.
  • the two ducts s41 open into the upper portion of the main tank, at two ends of the ceiling wall 12 which are opposite one to the other in a transverse direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the ship.
  • At least one of the two conduits 41 opens at the level of the highest point of the main tank 2, 3 and is thus able to evacuate the vapor phase of the liquefied gas stored in the main tank to the annex tank 22.
  • the annex tank 22 is here not disposed between the two main tanks 2, 3 but is arranged in the extension of the central cofferdam space 19 at the rear of the tanks main 2, 3.
  • This installation 1 differs from that described above in relation to FIGS. 1 to 6 by the relative position of the main tanks 2, 3 and of the annex tank 22.
  • the two main tanks 2, 3 are arranged one after the other in the longitudinal direction of the ship.
  • the two main tanks 2, 3 are then separated from each other by a transverse cofferdam space 43 which is defined between two transverse cofferdam walls respectively forming the supporting structure of the rear wall 10 of one of the main tanks 2 and the supporting structure of the front wall 44 of the other main tank 3.
  • the annex tank 22 is housed in the transverse cofferdam space 43.
  • a cut-away view of an LNG carrier 170 shows an installation 1 comprising a sealed and insulated tank 171 of generally prismatic shape mounted in the double hull 172 of the ship.
  • the wall of the vessel 171 comprises a primary membrane intended to be in contact with the LNG contained in the vessel, a secondary membrane arranged between the primary membrane and the double hull 172 of the vessel, and two thermally insulating barriers arranged respectively between the primary membrane and the secondary membrane and between the secondary membrane and the double shell 172.
  • loading / unloading pipes 173 arranged on the upper deck of the ship can be connected, by means of suitable connectors, to a maritime or port terminal for transferring a cargo of LNG from or to the tank 171.
  • The also shows an example of a marine terminal comprising a loading and unloading station 175, an underwater pipe 176 and an onshore installation 177.
  • the loading and unloading station 175 is a fixed off-shore installation comprising a movable arm 174 and a tower 178 which supports the movable arm 174.
  • the movable arm 174 carries a bundle of insulated flexible pipes 179 which can be connected to the loading / unloading lines 173.
  • the movable arm 174 can be swiveled and adapts to all sizes of LNG carriers.
  • a connecting pipe, not shown, extends inside the tower 178.
  • the loading and unloading station 175 allows the loading and unloading of the LNG carrier 170 from or to the onshore installation 177.
  • the latter includes liquefied gas storage tanks 180 and connecting pipes 181 connected by the underwater pipe 176 to the loading or unloading station 175.
  • the underwater pipe 176 allows the transfer of the liquefied gas between the loading or unloading station 175 and the shore installation 177 over a long distance, for example 5 km, which makes it possible to keep the LNG carrier 170 at a great distance from the coast during loading and unloading operations.
  • pumps on board the ship 170 and / or pumps fitted to the shore installation 177 and / or pumps fitted to the loading and unloading station 175 are used.

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Abstract

The invention relates to a facility (1) for storing a liquefied gas, comprising: - two main tanks (2, 3); - an auxiliary tank (22); - a discharge line (42) for the liquefied gas which passes through a ceiling wall of the auxiliary tank (22) and is paired with a discharge pump (29); - two transfer pipes (33) for the liquefied gas in liquid phase, which connect the auxiliary tank (22) to one and the other of the two main tanks (2, 3); - two transfer pipes (37, 41) for the liquefied gas in vapour phase, which connect the upper portion of the auxiliary tank (22) to the upper portion of one and the other of the two main tanks (2, 3), respectively; and - a vapour collection pipe (31) which passes through a wall of one of the main (2, 3) and auxiliary (22) tanks, opens into the upper portion thereof and is arranged to remove the vapour phase from the facility (1) for storing liquefied gas.

Description

Installation pour le stockage d’un gaz liquéfiéInstallation for the storage of liquefied gas
L’invention concerne le domaine des installations de stockage d’un gaz liquéfié, telles que des installations pour le transport de Gaz de Pétrole Liquéfié (aussi appelé GPL) présentant par exemple une température comprise entre -50°C et 0°C, ou pour le transport de Gaz Naturel Liquéfié (GNL) à environ -162°C à pression atmosphérique.The invention relates to the field of liquefied gas storage installations, such as installations for the transport of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (also called LPG) having for example a temperature between -50 ° C and 0 ° C, or for the transport of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) at approximately -162 ° C at atmospheric pressure.
Ces installations peuvent être installées à terre ou sur un ouvrage flottant. Dans le cas d’un ouvrage flottant, l’installation peut être destinée au transport de gaz liquéfié ou à recevoir du gaz liquéfié servant de carburant pour la propulsion de l’ouvrage flottant.These installations can be installed on land or on a floating structure. In the case of a floating structure, the installation may be intended for the transport of liquefied gas or to receive liquefied gas serving as fuel for the propulsion of the floating structure.
Arrière-plan technologiqueTechnological background
Le document KR20120094682 divulgue un navire comportant deux cuves qui sont disposées côte à côte selon la direction de largeur du navire et qui s’étendent chacune selon la direction longitudinale du navire. Les deux cuves sont séparées l’une de l’autre par un espace de cofferdam central. Ainsi, par rapport à une unique cuve présente sur toute la largeur du navire, la capacité de stockage de chacune des deux cuves est plus faible et les efforts susceptibles d’être exercés sur les parois des cuves en raison du mouvement de la cargaison sont, par conséquent, moindres.Document KR20120094682 discloses a ship comprising two tanks which are arranged side by side in the width direction of the ship and which each extend in the longitudinal direction of the ship. The two tanks are separated from each other by a central cofferdam space. Thus, compared to a single tank present over the entire width of the ship, the storage capacity of each of the two tanks is lower and the forces liable to be exerted on the walls of the tanks due to the movement of the cargo are, therefore, lesser.
Le navire comporte, en outre, un boîtier thermiquement isolé qui est disposé dans l’espace de cofferdam central et qui est relié par des tuyaux de connexion aux fonds des deux cuves. Un tuyau de chargement passe au travers des parois du boîtier et permet ainsi le chargement de la cargaison dans les deux cuves, au travers du boîtier. Le boîtier loge une pompe de déchargement qui est raccordé à un tuyau de déchargement qui passe au travers d’une paroi du boîtier et permet ainsi de décharger la cargaison des cuves par l’intermédiaire du boîtier.The vessel further comprises a thermally insulated housing which is arranged in the central cofferdam space and which is connected by connecting pipes to the bottoms of the two tanks. A loading pipe passes through the walls of the housing and thus allows the cargo to be loaded into the two tanks, through the housing. The housing houses an unloading pump which is connected to an unloading pipe which passes through a wall of the housing and thereby allows cargo to be discharged from the tanks through the housing.
Une telle installation n’est pas pleinement satisfaisante. En particulier, le boîtier est dépourvu d’équipement permettant d’évacuer le gaz en phase vapeur dudit boîtier. Or, compte-tenu du phénomène de transfert thermique entre l’extérieur et l’intérieur du boîtier, le gaz liquéfié stocké dans le boîtier va nécessairement absorber de la chaleur et s’évaporer, créant ainsi une phase vapeur à l’intérieur du boîtier. Aussi, l’absence d’équipement permettant d’évacuer le gaz en phase vapeur dudit boîtier est susceptible d’occasionner à l’intérieur du boîtier des surpressions susceptibles de l’endommager.
Such an installation is not fully satisfactory. In particular, the housing does not have any equipment making it possible to evacuate the gas in vapor phase from said housing. However, taking into account the phenomenon of heat transfer between the outside and the inside of the casing, the liquefied gas stored in the casing will necessarily absorb heat and evaporate, thus creating a vapor phase inside the casing. . Also, the absence of equipment making it possible to evacuate the gas in vapor phase from said casing is liable to cause overpressures inside the casing liable to damage it.
Résumésummary
Une idée à la base de l’invention est de proposer une installation de stockage de gaz liquéfié dans laquelle les efforts susceptibles d’être exercés sous l’effet du mouvement de la cargaison soient limités et qui soit fiable, simple et peu coûteuse.An idea underlying the invention is to provide a liquefied gas storage installation in which the forces likely to be exerted under the effect of the movement of the cargo are limited and which is reliable, simple and inexpensive.
Selon un mode de réalisation, l’invention fournit une installation de stockage d’un gaz liquéfié comportant :
- deux cuves principales présentant chacune une portion inférieure et une portion supérieure qui est située au-dessus d’une limite supérieure de remplissage de ladite cuve principale ;
- une cuve annexe présentant une portion supérieure s'étendant au-dessus de la limite supérieure de remplissage des cuves principales ;
- une ligne de déchargement du gaz liquéfié qui traverse une paroi de plafond de la cuve annexe et débouche dans la portion inférieure de la cuve annexe, ladite ligne de déchargement étant associée à une pompe de déchargement ;
- deux conduits de transfert du gaz liquéfié en phase liquide qui raccordent respectivement la portion inférieure de la cuve annexe à la portion inférieure de l’une et l’autre des deux cuves principales de sorte à permettre le déchargement des deux cuves principales via la ligne de déchargement ;
- deux conduits de transfert du gaz liquéfié en phase vapeur qui raccordent respectivement la portion supérieure de la cuve annexe à la portion supérieure de l’une et l’autre des deux cuves principales de sorte à assurer une communication des phases vapeurs des cuves principales et de la cuve annexe ; et
- un conduit de collecte de vapeur qui traverse une paroi de l’une parmi les cuves principales et la cuve annexe, débouche dans la portion supérieure de celle-ci et est agencé pour évacuer la phase vapeur de l'installation de stockage du gaz liquéfié.According to one embodiment, the invention provides an installation for storing a liquefied gas comprising:
- two main tanks each having a lower portion and an upper portion which is located above an upper filling limit of said main tank;
- an annex tank having an upper portion extending above the upper limit of filling of the main tanks;
a line for unloading the liquefied gas which passes through a ceiling wall of the annex tank and opens into the lower portion of the annex tank, said unloading line being associated with an unloading pump;
- two liquefied gas transfer conduits in the liquid phase which respectively connect the lower portion of the annex tank to the lower portion of one and the other of the two main tanks so as to allow the unloading of the two main tanks via the line unloading;
- two liquefied gas vapor transfer conduits which respectively connect the upper portion of the annex tank to the upper portion of one and the other of the two main tanks so as to ensure communication of the vapor phases of the main tanks and of the annex tank; and
- a vapor collection duct which passes through a wall of one of the main tanks and the annex tank, opens into the upper portion thereof and is arranged to evacuate the vapor phase of the liquefied gas storage installation .
Ainsi, grâce à la cuve annexe, les équipements de déchargement des deux cuves principales peuvent être mutualisés ce qui permet de simplifier l’installation et de diminuer son coût. En outre, la cuve annexe ayant un volume moindre, les équipements de déchargement des deux cuves sont soumis à des phénomènes de sloshing plus faibles.Thus, thanks to the annex tank, the unloading equipment of the two main tanks can be shared, which simplifies the installation and reduces its cost. In addition, the annex tank having a smaller volume, the unloading equipment of the two tanks are subjected to lower sloshing phenomena.
De plus, en raison des conduits de transfert du gaz liquéfié en phase vapeur et du conduit de collecte de vapeur, les surpressions sont évitées dans la cuve annexe comme dans les cuves principales. En outre, les équipements de gestion de la vapeur des cuves sont mutualisés ce qui permet de simplifier encore davantage l’installation et de diminuer son coût.In addition, due to the transfer conduits for the liquefied gas in the vapor phase and the vapor collection conduit, overpressures are avoided in the annex tank as in the main tanks. In addition, the steam management equipment in the tanks is shared, which further simplifies the installation and reduces its cost.
Selon des modes de réalisation, une telle installation peut comporter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes.According to embodiments, such an installation may include one or more of the following characteristics.
Selon un mode de réalisation, l’installation comporte en outre une ligne de chargement qui traverse une paroi de plafond de la cuve annexe et débouche dans la cuve annexe.According to one embodiment, the installation further comprises a loading line which passes through a ceiling wall of the annex tank and opens into the annex tank.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la cuve annexe présente un volume plus faible que celui des cuves principales. Avantageusement, la cuve annexe présente un volume inférieur à 10 % du volume de chaque cuve principale.According to one embodiment, the annex tank has a smaller volume than that of the main tanks. Advantageously, the annex tank has a volume less than 10% of the volume of each main tank.
Selon un mode de réalisation, les conduits de transfert du gaz liquéfié en phase liquide sont inclinés avec une pente orientée pour permettre l’écoulement gravitaire du liquide des cuves principales vers la cuve annexe.According to one embodiment, the conduits for transferring the liquefied gas in the liquid phase are inclined with a slope oriented to allow the gravity flow of the liquid from the main tanks to the annex tank.
Selon un mode de réalisation, l’installation comporte également une ligne de chargement qui traverse une paroi de la cuve annexe et débouche dans l’espace interne de la cuve annexe.According to one embodiment, the installation also comprises a loading line which passes through a wall of the annex tank and opens into the internal space of the annex tank.
Selon un mode de réalisation, les conduits de transfert du gaz liquéfié en phase liquide débouchent chacun dans la portion inférieure de l’une des cuves principales à une distance d’une paroi de fond de ladite cuve principale qui est inférieure à 10 %, de préférence inférieure à 5% et avantageusement inférieure à 2% de la hauteur de ladite cuve principale. Selon un mode de réalisation, les conduits de transfert du gaz liquéfié débouchent chacun dans la portion inférieure de l’une des cuves principales au niveau de la paroi de fond de ladite cuve principale. Ceci permet d’optimiser le volume utile de cargaison qu’il est possible de décharger depuis les cuves principales.According to one embodiment, the conduits for transferring the liquefied gas in the liquid phase each open into the lower portion of one of the main tanks at a distance from a bottom wall of said main tank which is less than 10%, of preferably less than 5% and advantageously less than 2% of the height of said main tank. According to one embodiment, the liquefied gas transfer conduits each open into the lower portion of one of the main tanks at the bottom wall of said main tank. This optimizes the useful volume of cargo that can be unloaded from the main tanks.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la cuve annexe et les cuves principales présentent chacune une paroi de fond et la paroi de fond de la cuve annexe est disposée à une hauteur qui est inférieure à celle des parois de fond des cuves principales. Ceci permet d’optimiser encore davantage le volume utile de cargaison qu’il est possible de décharger depuis les cuves principales.According to one embodiment, the annex tank and the main tanks each have a bottom wall and the bottom wall of the annex tank is arranged at a height which is less than that of the bottom walls of the main tanks. This further optimizes the useful volume of cargo that can be unloaded from the main tanks.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la pompe de déchargement présente un organe d’aspiration qui est disposé à une hauteur inférieure à celle des parois de fond des cuves principales.According to one embodiment, the unloading pump has a suction member which is arranged at a height less than that of the bottom walls of the main tanks.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la cuve annexe comporte une tour de chargement/déchargement qui passe au travers d’une paroi de plafond de la cuve annexe, s’étend sur sensiblement toute la hauteur de la cuve annexe et supporte la ligne de chargement, la ligne de déchargement et la pompe de déchargement.According to one embodiment, the annex tank comprises a loading / unloading tower which passes through a ceiling wall of the annex tank, extends over substantially the entire height of the annex tank and supports the loading line, the unloading line and the unloading pump.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la tour de chargement/déchargement comporte une base qui coopère avec un pied de support qui est fixé à une paroi inférieure d’une structure porteuse de la cuve annexe.According to one embodiment, the loading / unloading tower comprises a base which cooperates with a support foot which is fixed to a lower wall of a supporting structure of the annex tank.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la tour de chargement/déchargement comporte au moins deux mâts verticaux qui sont fixés les uns aux autres par des traverses, au moins l’une desdits mâts étant creux et formant la ligne de déchargement. Selon un mode préférentiel, la tour de chargement/déchargement comporte trois mâts.According to one embodiment, the loading / unloading tower comprises at least two vertical masts which are fixed to each other by cross members, at least one of said masts being hollow and forming the unloading line. According to a preferred embodiment, the loading / unloading tower has three masts.
Selon un mode de réalisation, les trois mâts sont creux et forment chacun une ligne de chargement et/ou de déchargement permettant de charger ou de décharger du gaz liquéfié de la cuve annexe ou un puits de secours permettant la descente d’une pompe de secours et d’une ligne de déchargement.According to one embodiment, the three masts are hollow and each form a loading and / or unloading line making it possible to load or unload liquefied gas from the annex tank or an emergency well allowing the descent of an emergency pump. and an unloading line.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le conduit de collecte de vapeur traverse une paroi de plafond de la cuve annexe, le conduit de collecte de vapeur étant équipé d’une soupape de sureté qui est tarée de manière à assurer une évacuation du gaz en phase vapeur, lorsque la pression de la portion supérieure de la cuve annexe dépasse une pression seuil Ps, par exemple 0,25 bar ou 0,7 bar au-dessus d’une pression de consigne du ciel gazeux dans la cuve. Ainsi, la cuve annexe permet de regrouper les fonctionnalités de chargement/déchargement et de gestion des surpressions dans les cuves.According to one embodiment, the vapor collection duct passes through a ceiling wall of the annex tank, the vapor collection duct being equipped with a safety valve which is calibrated so as to ensure evacuation of the gas in the vapor phase. , when the pressure of the upper portion of the annex tank exceeds a threshold pressure Ps, for example 0.25 bar or 0.7 bar above a setpoint pressure of the gas overhead in the tank. Thus, the annex tank makes it possible to combine the functions of loading / unloading and management of overpressures in the tanks.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la cuve annexe et les cuves principales comportent chacune une paroi de plafond, la paroi de plafond de la cuve annexe est disposée à une hauteur qui est supérieure à celle des parois de plafond des cuves principales.According to one embodiment, the annex tank and the main tanks each comprise a ceiling wall, the ceiling wall of the annex tank is arranged at a height which is greater than that of the ceiling walls of the main tanks.
Selon un mode de réalisation, les cuves principales sont séparées par un espace de cofferdam défini par deux parois de cofferdam, la cuve annexe étant logée dans l’espace de cofferdam.According to one embodiment, the main tanks are separated by a cofferdam space defined by two cofferdam walls, the annex tank being housed in the cofferdam space.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la cuve annexe présente une dimension transversale et une dimension longitudinale qui sont chacune comprises entre 1,5 et 4 mètres.According to one embodiment, the annex tank has a transverse dimension and a longitudinal dimension which are each between 1.5 and 4 meters.
Selon un mode de réalisation, les cuves principales et la cuve annexe comportent des parois présentant chacune, dans la direction d’épaisseur de ladite paroi, de l’extérieur vers l’intérieur, une barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire reposant contre une structure porteuse, une membrane secondaire étanche reposant contre la barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire, une barrière thermiquement isolante primaire reposant contre la membrane secondaire étanche et une membrane primaire étanche destinée à être en contact avec le gaz liquéfié stocké dans la cuve et reposant contre la barrière thermiquement isolante primaire.According to one embodiment, the main tanks and the annex tank comprise walls each having, in the thickness direction of said wall, from the outside to the inside, a secondary thermally insulating barrier resting against a supporting structure, a watertight secondary membrane resting against the secondary thermally insulating barrier, a primary thermally insulating barrier resting against the watertight secondary membrane and a watertight primary membrane intended to be in contact with the liquefied gas stored in the tank and resting against the primary thermally insulating barrier.
Selon un mode de réalisation, les conduits pour le transfert du gaz liquéfié en phase liquide comportent chacun un tube métallique primaire qui traverse une paroi de la cuve annexe et est soudé de manière étanche à la membrane étanche primaire de ladite paroi de la cuve annexe et qui traverse une paroi de l’une des cuves principales et est soudé de manière étanche à la membrane étanche primaire de ladite paroi de l’une des cuves principales.According to one embodiment, the conduits for the transfer of liquefied gas in the liquid phase each comprise a primary metal tube which passes through a wall of the annex tank and is welded in a leaktight manner to the primary waterproof membrane of said wall of the annex tank and which passes through a wall of one of the main tanks and is welded in a sealed manner to the primary sealed membrane of said wall of one of the main tanks.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le tube métallique primaire présente deux extrémités équipées de collerettes, lesdites collerettes étant respectivement soudées de manière étanche à la membrane étanche primaire de la paroi de la cuve annexe et à la membrane étanche primaire de ladite paroi de l’une des cuves principales.According to one embodiment, the primary metal tube has two ends equipped with flanges, said flanges being respectively sealed to the primary waterproof membrane of the wall of the annex tank and to the primary waterproof membrane of said wall of one. of the main tanks.
Selon un mode de réalisation, les conduits pour le transfert du gaz liquéfié en phase liquide comportent chacun un tube métallique secondaire qui est disposé autour du tube métallique primaire et qui est soudé de manière étanche à la membrane étanche secondaire de la paroi de la cuve principale qui est traversé par le tube métallique primaire et à la membrane étanche secondaire de la paroi de la cuve annexe qui est traversée par le tube métallique primaire.According to one embodiment, the conduits for the transfer of the liquefied gas in the liquid phase each comprise a secondary metal tube which is arranged around the primary metal tube and which is sealed to the secondary sealed membrane of the wall of the main tank. which is crossed by the primary metal tube and to the secondary waterproof membrane of the wall of the annex tank which is crossed by the primary metal tube.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le tube métallique secondaire présente deux extrémités équipées de collerettes, lesdites collerettes étant respectivement soudées de manière étanche à la membrane étanche secondaire de la paroi de la cuve annexe et à la membrane étanche secondaire de ladite paroi de l’une des cuves principales.According to one embodiment, the secondary metal tube has two ends equipped with flanges, said flanges being respectively sealed to the secondary waterproof membrane of the wall of the annex tank and to the secondary waterproof membrane of said wall of one. of the main tanks.
Selon un mode de réalisation, les conduits pour le transfert du gaz liquéfié en phase liquide comportent chacun un tube de support qui est disposé autour du tube métallique secondaire et qui est fixé à une structure porteuse de l’une des cuves principales et à la structure porteuse de la cuve annexe. According to one embodiment, the conduits for the transfer of the liquefied gas in the liquid phase each comprise a support tube which is arranged around the secondary metal tube and which is fixed to a supporting structure of one of the main tanks and to the structure. carrier of the annex tank.
Ainsi, les conduits pour le transfert du gaz liquéfié en phase liquide permettent d’assurer la continuité des membranes primaires et secondaires étanches ainsi que de la structure porteuse entre la cuve annexe et les cuves principales.Thus, the conduits for the transfer of liquefied gas in the liquid phase ensure the continuity of the watertight primary and secondary membranes as well as of the supporting structure between the annex tank and the main tanks.
Selon un mode de réalisation, une couche isolante primaire est disposée radialement entre le tube métallique primaire et le tube métallique secondaire.According to one embodiment, a primary insulating layer is disposed radially between the primary metal tube and the secondary metal tube.
Selon un mode de réalisation, une couche isolante secondaire est disposée radialement entre le tube métallique secondaire et le tube de support.According to one embodiment, a secondary insulating layer is disposed radially between the secondary metal tube and the support tube.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le tube métallique primaire et/ou le tube métallique secondaire sont réalisés en Invar.According to one embodiment, the primary metal tube and / or the secondary metal tube are made of Invar.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le tube métallique primaire et le tube métallique secondaire comporte un ou plusieurs dispositifs de compensation, tels que des soufflets.According to one embodiment, the primary metal tube and the secondary metal tube include one or more compensation devices, such as bellows.
Selon un mode de réalisation, les conduits pour le transfert du gaz liquéfié en phase vapeur comportent chacun un tube métallique primaire qui traverse une paroi de la cuve annexe et est soudé de manière étanche à la membrane étanche primaire de ladite paroi de la cuve annexe et qui traverse une paroi de l’une des cuves principales et est soudé de manière étanche à le membrane étanche primaire de ladite paroi de l’une des cuves principales. Selon un mode de réalisation, les conduits pour le transfert du gaz liquéfié en phase vapeur comportent chacun un tube métallique secondaire qui est disposé autour du tube métallique primaire et qui est soudé de manière étanche à la membrane étanche secondaire de la paroi de la cuve principale qui est traversé par le tube métallique primaire et à la membrane étanche secondaire de la paroi de la cuve annexe qui est traversée par le tube métallique primaire. Selon un mode de réalisation, les conduits pour le transfert du gaz liquéfié en phase vapeur comportent chacun un tube de support qui est disposé autour du tube métallique secondaire et qui est fixé à une structure porteuse de l’une des cuves principales et à la structure porteuse de la cuve annexe.According to one embodiment, the conduits for the transfer of liquefied gas in the vapor phase each comprise a primary metal tube which passes through a wall of the annex tank and is sealed to the primary waterproof membrane of said wall of the annex tank and which passes through a wall of one of the main tanks and is sealed to the primary sealed membrane of said wall of one of the main tanks. According to one embodiment, the conduits for the transfer of the liquefied gas in the vapor phase each comprise a secondary metal tube which is arranged around the primary metal tube and which is sealed to the secondary sealed membrane of the wall of the main vessel. which is crossed by the primary metal tube and to the secondary waterproof membrane of the wall of the annex tank which is crossed by the primary metal tube. According to one embodiment, the conduits for the transfer of the liquefied gas in the vapor phase each comprise a support tube which is arranged around the secondary metal tube and which is fixed to a supporting structure of one of the main tanks and to the structure. carrier of the annex tank.
Selon un mode de réalisation, l’invention fournit aussi un navire, le navire comportant une installation précitée.According to one embodiment, the invention also provides a ship, the ship comprising the aforementioned installation.
Selon un mode de réalisation, les cuves principales s’étendent côte à côte selon une direction longitudinale du navire et sont séparées l’une de l’autre par un espace de cofferdam central.According to one embodiment, the main tanks extend side by side in a longitudinal direction of the ship and are separated from each other by a central cofferdam space.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la cuve annexe est disposée dans l’espace de cofferdam central.According to one embodiment, the annex tank is arranged in the central cofferdam space.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la cuve annexe est disposée vers l’arrière du navire par rapport aux plans transversaux médians coupant les cuves principales au milieu de leur longueur.According to one embodiment, the annex tank is disposed towards the rear of the ship with respect to the median transverse planes intersecting the main tanks at the middle of their length.
Selon un mode de réalisation, les cuves principales sont disposées l’une à la suite de l’autre selon une direction longitudinale du navire et sont séparées l’une de l’autre par un espace de cofferdam transversal et la cuve annexe est disposée dans l’espace de cofferdam transversal.According to one embodiment, the main tanks are arranged one after the other in a longitudinal direction of the ship and are separated from each other by a transverse cofferdam space and the annex tank is arranged in the transverse cofferdam space.
Selon un mode de réalisation, l’invention fournit aussi un procédé de chargement ou déchargement d’un tel navire, dans lequel on achemine un fluide à travers des canalisations isolées depuis ou vers une installation de stockage flottante ou terrestre vers ou depuis la cuve du navire. According to one embodiment, the invention also provides a method for loading or unloading such a vessel, in which a fluid is conveyed through isolated pipes from or to a floating or terrestrial storage installation to or from the tank of the vessel. ship.
Selon un mode de réalisation, l’invention fournit aussi un système de transfert pour un fluide, le système comportant le navire précité, des canalisations isolées agencées de manière à relier la cuve installée dans la coque du navire à une installation de stockage flottante ou terrestre et une pompe pour entrainer un fluide à travers les canalisations isolées depuis ou vers l’installation de stockage flottante ou terrestre vers ou depuis la cuve du navire.According to one embodiment, the invention also provides a transfer system for a fluid, the system comprising the aforementioned vessel, isolated pipes arranged so as to connect the tank installed in the hull of the vessel to a floating or land storage installation. and a pump for driving a fluid through the insulated pipelines from or towards the floating or terrestrial storage facility to or from the vessel of the vessel.
Breve description des figuresBrief description of the figures
L’invention sera mieux comprise, et d'autres buts, détails, caractéristiques et avantages de celle-ci apparaîtront plus clairement au cours de la description suivante de plusieurs modes de réalisation particuliers de l’invention, donnés uniquement à titre illustratif et non limitatif, en référence aux dessins annexés.The invention will be better understood, and other aims, details, characteristics and advantages thereof will emerge more clearly during the following description of several particular embodiments of the invention, given solely by way of illustration and not by way of limitation. , with reference to the accompanying drawings.
La est une représentation schématique d’une installation pour le stockage d’un gaz liquéfié. The is a schematic representation of an installation for the storage of liquefied gas.
La est une vue détaillée de la représentant le raccordement des deux cuves principales à la cuve annexe en partie basse. The is a detailed view of the showing the connection of the two main tanks to the annex tank in the lower part.
La est une vue détaillée de la représentant le raccordement des deux cuves principales à la cuve annexe en partie haute. The is a detailed view of the showing the connection of the two main tanks to the annex tank in the upper part.
La est une vue équivalente à celle de la représentant le raccordement des deux cuves principales à la cuve annexe, en partie haute, selon une variante de réalisation. The is a view equivalent to that of the showing the connection of the two main tanks to the annex tank, in the upper part, according to an alternative embodiment.
La est une vue de dessus de l’installation de la . The is a top view of the installation of the .
La est une vue de dessus de l’installation de la . The is a top view of the installation of the .
La est une représentation schématique écorchée d’un navire comportant une installation de stockage pour le stockage d’un gaz liquéfié et d’un terminal de chargement/déchargement de cette cuve. The is a cut-away schematic representation of a ship comprising a storage facility for the storage of liquefied gas and a loading / unloading terminal for this tank.
La est une vue de dessus d’une installation selon un autre mode de réalisation. The is a top view of an installation according to another embodiment.
En relation avec la , on décrit ci-dessous une installation 1 pour le stockage d’un gaz liquéfié. Le gaz liquéfié est, par exemple, choisi parmi le Gaz Naturel Liquéfié (GNL) et le Gaz de Pétrole Liquéfié (GPL).In relation to the , an installation 1 for the storage of a liquefied gas is described below. Liquefied gas is, for example, chosen from Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) and Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG).
L’installation 1 est avantageusement embarquée sur un navire. Le navire peut notamment être un navire destiné au transport de gaz liquéfié et/ou un navire propulsé avec du gaz liquéfié, tel qu’un navire de transport de marchandises, un navire de transport de passagers, un navire de pêche ou autres.The installation 1 is advantageously on board a ship. The vessel may in particular be a vessel intended for the transport of liquefied gas and / or a vessel propelled with liquefied gas, such as a freight vessel, a passenger vessel, a fishing vessel or others.
L’installation 1 comporte deux cuves principales 2, 3 destinées à recevoir du gaz liquéfié. Dans le mode de réalisation représenté, les cuves principales 2, 3 sont des cuves à membranes. Chaque cuve principale 2, 3 présente une pluralité de parois définissant un espace interne 4 destiné au stockage du gaz liquéfié. Chaque paroi présente une structure multicouche et comporte, dans la direction d’épaisseur de ladite paroi, de l’extérieur vers l’intérieur de la cuve, une barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire 5 reposant contre une structure porteuse 6, une membrane secondaire étanche 7 reposant contre la barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire 5, une barrière thermiquement isolante primaire 8 reposant contre la membrane secondaire étanche 7 et une membrane primaire étanche 9 destinée à être en contact avec le gaz liquéfié stocké dans la cuve et reposant contre la barrière thermiquement isolante primaire 8. Une telle cuve est par exemple de type NO96 ®, tel que décrit dans la demande de brevet FR2877638. La cuve peut également être de type Mark III ® tel que décrit dans la demande de brevet FR2691520. Selon un mode de réalisation alternatif, chaque paroi ne comporte qu’une membrane primaire étanche et une barrière thermiquement isolante primaire reposant contre la structure porteuse. Installation 1 has two main tanks 2, 3 intended to receive liquefied gas. In the embodiment shown, the main tanks 2, 3 are membrane tanks. Each main tank 2, 3 has a plurality of walls defining an internal space 4 intended for the storage of liquefied gas. Each wall has a multilayer structure and comprises, in the thickness direction of said wall, from the outside to the inside of the tank, a secondary thermally insulating barrier 5 resting against a supporting structure 6, a waterproof secondary membrane 7 resting on it. against the secondary thermally insulating barrier 5, a primary thermally insulating barrier 8 resting against the waterproof secondary membrane 7 and a waterproof primary membrane 9 intended to be in contact with the liquefied gas stored in the tank and resting against the primary thermally insulating barrier 8. Such a tank is for example of the NO96® type, as described in patent application FR2877638. The tank can also be of the Mark III® type as described in patent application FR2691520. According to an alternative embodiment, each wall only has a waterproof primary membrane and a primary thermally insulating barrier resting against the supporting structure.
Dans le mode de réalisation représenté, chacune des deux cuves principales 2, 3 présente une forme polyédrique à section octogonale. Chaque cuve présente ainsi une paroi avant, non représenté sur la , et une paroi arrière 10 de forme octogonale qui sont reliées l’une à l’autre par deux parois s’étendant selon la direction longitudinale de ladite cuve, à savoir une paroi de fond 11 horizontale, une paroi de plafond 12 horizontale, deux parois latérales 13, 14 verticales, deux parois de chanfrein supérieures 15, 16 reliant chacune l’une des parois latérales 13, 14 à la paroi de plafond 12 et deux parois de chanfrein inférieures 17, 18 reliant chacune l’une des parois latérales 13, 14 à la paroi de fond 11.In the embodiment shown, each of the two main tanks 2, 3 has a polyhedral shape with an octagonal section. Each tank thus has a front wall, not shown in the , and a rear wall 10 of octagonal shape which are connected to one another by two walls extending in the longitudinal direction of said tank, namely a horizontal bottom wall 11, a horizontal ceiling wall 12, two vertical side walls 13, 14, two upper chamfer walls 15, 16 each connecting one of the side walls 13, 14 to the ceiling wall 12 and two lower chamfer walls 17, 18 each connecting one of the side walls 13 , 14 to the back wall 11.
De manière avantageuse, la structure porteuse des cuves principales 2, 3 est formée par la structure d’un navire et notamment par sa coque interne. Le navire comporte une coque interne qui comporte des parois de cofferdam transversales contre lesquelles les parois avant et arrière 10 de la cuve sont ancrées et des parois longitudinales horizontales, verticales et obliques correspondant aux autres parois des cuves principales. Dans le mode de réalisation de la , la coque interne est agencée selon deux rangées qui s’étendent selon la direction longitudinale du navire et qui sont séparées l’une de l’autre par un espace de cofferdam central 19 qui est défini entre deux parois de cofferdam 20, 21.Advantageously, the supporting structure of the main tanks 2, 3 is formed by the structure of a ship and in particular by its internal hull. The vessel has an internal hull which has transverse cofferdam walls against which the front and rear walls of the vessel are anchored and horizontal, vertical and oblique longitudinal walls corresponding to the other walls of the main vessels. In the embodiment of the , the internal hull is arranged in two rows which extend in the longitudinal direction of the ship and which are separated from each other by a central cofferdam space 19 which is defined between two cofferdam walls 20, 21.
L’installation 1 comporte en outre une cuve annexe 22. La cuve annexe 22 comporte une portion supérieure qui est raccordée aux portions supérieures des deux cuves principales 2, 3, c’est-à-dire aux portions des cuves principales 2, 3 qui sont situées au-dessus de leur limite supérieure de remplissage. A titre d’exemple, la limite supérieure de remplissage correspond à un remplissage de 95 % ou de 98 % du volume de chaque cuve principale 2, 3. Par ailleurs, la portion inférieure de la cuve annexe 22 est raccordée à la portion inférieure des cuves principales 2, 3. La cuve annexe 22 est avantageusement disposée dans l’espace de cofferdam central 19.The installation 1 further comprises an annex tank 22. The annex tank 22 comprises an upper portion which is connected to the upper portions of the two main tanks 2, 3, that is to say to the portions of the main tanks 2, 3 which are located above their upper fill limit. By way of example, the upper filling limit corresponds to a filling of 95% or 98% of the volume of each main tank 2, 3. Furthermore, the lower portion of the annex tank 22 is connected to the lower portion of the tanks. main tanks 2, 3. The annex tank 22 is advantageously arranged in the central cofferdam space 19.
La cuve annexe 22 comporte en outre les équipements destinés à assurer le chargement et le déchargement des cuves principales ainsi que les équipements destinés à contrôler la pression de la phase vapeur à l’intérieur des cuves principales 2, 3 et de la cuve annexe 22. Un tel agencement est avantageux en ce qu’il permet de mutualiser les équipements de chargement/déchargement des deux cuves principales 2, 3. En outre, la cuve annexe 22 ayant un volume plus faible que celles des cuves principales 2, 3, les efforts susceptibles d’être générés sur les équipement précités en raison des phénomènes de Sloshing, c’est-à-dire de ballotement du liquide, sont plus faibles que si lesdits équipements étaient disposés dans les cuves principales 2, 3. De plus, les équipements destinés à contrôler la pression de la phase vapeur permettent de gérer la pression de la phase vapeur dans la cuve annexe 22, comme dans les cuves principales 2, 3.The annex tank 22 also comprises the equipment intended to ensure the loading and unloading of the main tanks as well as the equipment intended to control the pressure of the vapor phase inside the main tanks 2, 3 and the annex tank 22. Such an arrangement is advantageous in that it makes it possible to pool the loading / unloading equipment of the two main tanks 2, 3. In addition, the annex tank 22 having a smaller volume than those of the main tanks 2, 3, the forces likely to be generated on the aforementioned equipment due to sloshing phenomena, that is to say sloshing of the liquid, are lower than if said equipment were placed in the main tanks 2, 3. In addition, the equipment intended to control the pressure of the vapor phase make it possible to manage the pressure of the vapor phase in the annex tank 22, as in the main tanks 2, 3.
La cuve annexe 22 est avantageusement une cuve à membrane et comporte une structure multicouche identique à celles des cuves principales 2, 3. En d’autres termes, la cuve annexe 22 comporte des parois qui présentent, dans la direction d’épaisseur de ladite paroi, de l’extérieur vers l’intérieur de la cuve, une barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire 24 reposant contre une structure porteuse 23, une membrane secondaire étanche 25 reposant contre la barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire 24, une barrière thermiquement isolante primaire 26 reposant contre la membrane secondaire étanche 25 et une membrane primaire étanche 27 destinée à être en contact avec le gaz liquéfié stocké dans la cuve annexe 22 et reposant contre la barrière thermiquement isolante primaire 26. La cuve annexe 22 est par exemple de type NO96 ® ou de type Mark III ®. La cuve annexe 22 n’est pas nécessairement du même type que les cuves principales 2, 3.The annex tank 22 is advantageously a membrane tank and comprises a multilayer structure identical to those of the main tanks 2, 3. In other words, the annex tank 22 comprises walls which have, in the direction of thickness of said wall. , from the outside to the inside of the tank, a secondary thermally insulating barrier 24 resting against a supporting structure 23, a waterproof secondary membrane 25 resting against the secondary thermally insulating barrier 24, a primary thermally insulating barrier 26 resting against the membrane sealed secondary 25 and a sealed primary membrane 27 intended to be in contact with the liquefied gas stored in the annex tank 22 and resting against the primary thermally insulating barrier 26. The annex tank 22 is for example of the NO96 ® type or of the Mark III type ®. The annex tank 22 is not necessarily of the same type as the main tanks 2, 3.
Dans le mode de réalisation représenté, la cuve annexe 22 présente une forme générale de parallélépipède rectangle. Toutefois, dans d’autres variantes de réalisation non représentées, la cuve annexe 22 présente une autre forme générale, telle qu’une forme cylindrique A titre d’exemple, la dimension de la cuve annexe 22 selon la direction longitudinale du navire et la dimension de la cuve selon la direction transversale du navire sont comprises entre 1,5 et 4 mètres par exemple chacune de l’ordre de 2 à 2,5 mètres.In the embodiment shown, the annex tank 22 has the general shape of a rectangular parallelepiped. However, in other variant embodiments not shown, the annex tank 22 has another general shape, such as a cylindrical shape. By way of example, the dimension of the annex tank 22 in the longitudinal direction of the ship and the dimension of the tank in the transverse direction of the ship are between 1.5 and 4 meters, for example each of the order of 2 to 2.5 meters.
Afin d’assurer le chargement et le déchargement des cuves principales 2, 3, la cuve annexe 22 comporte une tour de chargement/déchargement 28 qui passe au travers de la paroi de plafond de la cuve annexe 22. La tour de chargement/chargement 28 s’étend sur sensiblement toute la hauteur de la cuve annexe 22. Elle supporte, à son extrémité inférieure, une ou plusieurs pompes 29 pour décharger la cargaison.In order to ensure the loading and unloading of the main tanks 2, 3, the annex tank 22 comprises a loading / unloading tower 28 which passes through the ceiling wall of the annex tank 22. The loading / loading tower 28 extends over substantially the entire height of the annex tank 22. It supports, at its lower end, one or more pumps 29 for unloading the cargo.
La tour de chargement/déchargement 28 comporte une base qui coopère avec un pied de support 30 qui est fixé à la paroi inférieure de la structure porteuse de la cuve annexe 22 et qui vise à assurer un maintien en position verticale de la tour de chargement/déchargement 28. Un tel pied de support 30 est, par exemple, décrit dans les demandes FR3035475 et WO2011157915.The loading / unloading tower 28 comprises a base which cooperates with a support foot 30 which is fixed to the lower wall of the supporting structure of the annex tank 22 and which aims to ensure that the loading tower is kept in a vertical position. unloading 28. Such a support foot 30 is, for example, described in applications FR3035475 and WO2011157915.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, la tour de chargement/déchargement 28 comporte une structure tripode, c’est-à-dire qu’elle comporte trois mâts verticaux qui sont chacun fixés les uns aux autres par des traverses. Chacun des mâts est creux et traverse la paroi supérieure de la cuve annexe 22. Chacun des mâts forme soit une ligne de chargement 42 et/ou une ligne de déchargement permettant de charger ou de décharger du gaz liquéfié vers ou depuis la cuve annexe 22 ; soit un puits de secours permettant la descente d’une pompe de secours et d’une ligne de déchargement en cas de défaillance des autres pompes 29 de déchargement. Dans un mode de réalisation, deux des mâts forment une ligne de déchargement et sont, pour ce faire, chacun associés à une pompe 29 de déchargement qui est fixée à l’extrémité inférieure de la tour de chargement/déchargement alors que le troisième mât forme un puits de secours. Dans un tel mode de réalisation, la tour de chargement/déchargement 28 porte une ou plusieurs lignes de chargement qui ne constituent pas l’un des mâts de la structure tripode.According to a particular embodiment, the loading / unloading tower 28 comprises a tripod structure, that is to say it comprises three vertical masts which are each fixed to each other by crossbars. Each of the masts is hollow and passes through the upper wall of the annex tank 22. Each of the masts forms either a loading line 42 and / or an unloading line making it possible to load or unload liquefied gas to or from the annex tank 22; or an emergency well allowing the descent of an emergency pump and an unloading line in the event of failure of the other unloading pumps 29. In one embodiment, two of the masts form an unloading line and are, for this purpose, each associated with an unloading pump 29 which is attached to the lower end of the loading / unloading tower while the third mast forms a relief well. In such an embodiment, the loading / unloading tower 28 carries one or more loading lines which do not constitute one of the masts of the tripod structure.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, la tour de chargement/déchargement 28 comporte une structure tripode, c’est-à-dire qu’elle comporte trois mâts verticaux alignés selon une même direction et fixés les uns aux autres par des traverses.According to a particular embodiment, the loading / unloading tower 28 comprises a tripod structure, that is to say it comprises three vertical masts aligned in the same direction and fixed to each other by cross members.
Selon un mode de réalisation non illustré, la pompe 29 n’est pas intégralement disposée à l’intérieur de la cuve annexe 22. Dans ce cas, le moteur de la pompe est fixé en dehors de la cuve annexe 22 et est, par exemple, fixé sur le pont du navire. La pompe comporte alors un arbre de rotor qui est logé à l’intérieur de l’une des lignes de chargement et qui est équipé d’une turbine disposée à l’intérieur de la cuve annexe 22, en partie basse de celle-ci.According to an embodiment not shown, the pump 29 is not completely disposed inside the annex tank 22. In this case, the pump motor is fixed outside the annex tank 22 and is, for example , fixed on the deck of the ship. The pump then comprises a rotor shaft which is housed inside one of the loading lines and which is equipped with a turbine arranged inside the annex tank 22, in the lower part thereof.
La portion inférieure de la cuve annexe 2 est raccordée aux cuves principales 2, 3, à proximité de leur paroi de fond 11. En d’autres termes, la portion inférieure de la cuve annexe 22 est raccordée aux cuves principales 2, 3 à une distance de leur paroi de fond 11 qui est inférieure à 10 % de la hauteur de la cuve, avantageusement inférieure à 5 % et de préférence inférieure à 2%. En outre, l’organe d’aspiration d’une ou plusieurs des pompes 29 est disposé à un niveau inférieur à celui de la membrane primaire 9 des parois de fond 11 des cuves principales 2, 3. Ceci permet d’optimiser le volume utile de cargaison qu’il est possible de décharger depuis les cuves principales 2, 3.The lower portion of the annex tank 2 is connected to the main tanks 2, 3, near their bottom wall 11. In other words, the lower portion of the annex tank 22 is connected to the main tanks 2, 3 at a distance from their bottom wall 11 which is less than 10% of the height of the tank, advantageously less than 5% and preferably less than 2%. In addition, the suction member of one or more of the pumps 29 is arranged at a level lower than that of the primary membrane 9 of the bottom walls 11 of the main tanks 2, 3. This makes it possible to optimize the useful volume. of cargo that can be unloaded from the main tanks 2, 3.
De manière avantageuse, la cuve annexe 22 est raccordée aux cuves principales 2, 3 à proximité de la paroi arrière 10 desdites cuves principales 2, 3 ce qui permet d'optimiser la quantité de cargaison susceptible d'être déchargée, dans la mesure où un navire à tendance à pencher vers l’arrière. De même, de manière avantageuse, la cuve annexe 22 est positionnée, selon la direction longitudinale du navire à proximité des parois arrière des cuves principales 2, 3. En d’autres termes, la cuve annexe 22 est disposée vers l’arrière du navire par rapport aux plans transversaux médians coupant les cuves principales 2, 3 au milieu de leur longueur. En outre, les conduits 33 raccordant la portion inférieure de la cuve annexe 22 aux portions inférieures des cuves principales 2, 3 sont inclinées avec une pente orientée pour permettre l’écoulement gravitaire du gaz liquéfié des cuves principales 2, 3 vers la cuve annexe 22.Advantageously, the annex tank 22 is connected to the main tanks 2, 3 near the rear wall 10 of said main tanks 2, 3 which makes it possible to optimize the quantity of cargo capable of being unloaded, insofar as a vessel tends to lean backward. Likewise, advantageously, the annex tank 22 is positioned, in the longitudinal direction of the vessel, near the rear walls of the main tanks 2, 3. In other words, the annex tank 22 is arranged towards the rear of the vessel. with respect to the median transverse planes intersecting the main tanks 2, 3 in the middle of their length. In addition, the conduits 33 connecting the lower portion of the annex tank 22 to the lower portions of the main tanks 2, 3 are inclined with a slope oriented to allow the gravity flow of the liquefied gas from the main tanks 2, 3 to the annex tank 22 .
Par ailleurs, la cuve annexe 22 est équipée d’un conduit de collecte de vapeur 31 qui traverse une paroi de la cuve annexe 22, de préférence la paroi supérieure, et qui débouche ainsi à l’intérieur de la cuve annexe 22, à proximité de la paroi supérieure. Le conduit de collecte de vapeur 31 est raccordé à un collecteur de vapeur et est équipé d’une soupape de sureté 32 qui est tarée de manière à assurer une évacuation du gaz en phase vapeur, lorsque la pression dans l’espace intérieur de la cuve annexe 22 dépasse une pression seuil Ps. Ainsi, le conduit de collecte de vapeur 31 vise, en cas de surpression, à extraire de la vapeur du ciel gazeux et permet ainsi de contrôler la pression dans le ciel gazeux des cuves principales 2, 3 et de la cuve annexe 22 de manière à éviter les surpressions susceptibles d’endommager les cuves principales 2, 3 et la cuve annexe 22. Furthermore, the annex tank 22 is equipped with a vapor collection duct 31 which passes through a wall of the annex tank 22, preferably the upper wall, and which thus opens into the interior of the annex tank 22, near of the upper wall. The vapor collection duct 31 is connected to a vapor collector and is equipped with a safety valve 32 which is calibrated so as to ensure evacuation of the gas in the vapor phase, when the pressure in the interior space of the tank appendix 22 exceeds a threshold pressure Ps. Thus, the vapor collection duct 31 aims, in the event of overpressure, to extract vapor from the gas headspace and thus makes it possible to control the pressure in the gas headspace of the main tanks 2, 3 and of the annex tank 22 so as to avoid overpressures liable to damage the main tanks 2, 3 and the annex tank 22.
A titre d’exemple, le conduit de collecte de vapeur 31 est agencé pour conduire la vapeur extraite vers un mât de dégazage, vers un bruleur, vers un dispositif de production d’énergie, vers un dispositif de propulsion du navire ou vers un dispositif de re-liquéfaction dans lequel le gaz en phase vapeur est re-liquéfié puis réintroduit dans les cuves principales 2, 3 en phase liquide.By way of example, the vapor collection duct 31 is arranged to conduct the extracted vapor towards a degassing mast, towards a burner, towards an energy production device, towards a propulsion device of the ship or towards a device. re-liquefaction in which the gas in the vapor phase is re-liquefied and then reintroduced into the main tanks 2, 3 in the liquid phase.
De manière avantageuse, la paroi supérieure de la cuve annexe 22 s’étend au même niveau ou avantageusement au-dessus des parois supérieures des cuves principales 2, 3.Advantageously, the upper wall of the annex tank 22 extends at the same level or advantageously above the upper walls of the main tanks 2, 3.
En relation avec la , on observe la structure des conduits 33 assurant le raccordement des portions inférieures des cuves principales 2, 3 aux portions inférieures de la cuve annexe 22. Chaque conduit 33 comporte un tube métallique primaire 34 qui traverse une paroi de l’une des cuves principales 2, 3, par exemple une paroi de chanfrein inférieure 17, 18, l’une des parois de cofferdam 20, 21 définissant l’espace de cofferdam central 19 et une paroi latérale de la cuve annexe 22. Le tube métallique primaire 34 comprend ainsi une première extrémité débouchant dans l’espace interne de l’une des cuves principales 2, 3 et une deuxième extrémité opposée à la première extrémité et débouchant dans l’espace interne de la cuve annexe 22. Le tube métallique primaire 34 présente à chacune de ses extrémités une collerette, non représentée, qui est fixée tout autour de l’extrémité du tube métallique primaire 34. Les deux collerettes sont respectivement soudées de manière étanche à la membrane d’étanchéité primaire 9 de la cuve principale 2, 3 et à la membrane d’étanchéité primaire 27 de la cuve annexe 22.In relation to the , we observe the structure of the conduits 33 ensuring the connection of the lower portions of the main tanks 2, 3 to the lower portions of the annex tank 22. Each conduit 33 comprises a primary metal tube 34 which passes through a wall of one of the main tanks 2 , 3, for example a lower chamfer wall 17, 18, one of the cofferdam walls 20, 21 defining the central cofferdam space 19 and a side wall of the annex tank 22. The primary metal tube 34 thus comprises a first end opening into the internal space of one of the main tanks 2, 3 and a second end opposite the first end and opening into the internal space of the annex tank 22. The primary metal tube 34 has at each of its ends a flange, not shown, which is fixed all around the end of the primary metal tube 34. The two flanges are respectively welded in a sealed manner to the primary waterproofing membrane 9 of the main tank 2, 3 and to the primary waterproofing membrane 27 of the annex tank 22.
Chaque conduit 33 comporte également un tube métallique secondaire 35 qui est disposée autour du tube métallique primaire 34 de manière concentrique à celui-ci. Le tube métallique secondaire 35 traverse la structure porteuse 6, la barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire 5 et la membrane étanche secondaire 9 de la paroi de chanfrein inférieure 17, 18 de l’une des cuves principales 2, 3 et de la paroi latérale de la cuve annexe 22. Ainsi, le tube métallique secondaire 35 comprend une première extrémité débouchant dans la barrière thermiquement isolante primaire 8 de l’une des cuves principales 2, 3 et une deuxième extrémité opposée à la première extrémité débouchant dans la barrière thermiquement isolante primaire 26 de la cuve annexe 22.Each conduit 33 also includes a secondary metal tube 35 which is disposed around the primary metal tube 34 concentrically thereto. The secondary metal tube 35 passes through the supporting structure 6, the secondary thermally insulating barrier 5 and the secondary waterproof membrane 9 of the lower chamfer wall 17, 18 of one of the main tanks 2, 3 and of the side wall of the tank. annex 22. Thus, the secondary metal tube 35 comprises a first end opening into the primary thermally insulating barrier 8 of one of the main tanks 2, 3 and a second end opposite the first end opening into the primary thermally insulating barrier 26 of the annex tank 22.
De la même manière que le tube métallique primaire 34, le tube métallique secondaire 35 présente à chacune de ses extrémités une collerette, non illustrée, qui est fixée tout autour de l’extrémité du tube métallique secondaire 35. Les deux collerettes sont respectivement soudées de manière étanche à la membrane d’étanchéité secondaire 7 de l’une des cuves principales 2, 3 et à la membrane d’étanchéité secondaire 25 de la cuve annexe 22.In the same way as the primary metal tube 34, the secondary metal tube 35 has at each of its ends a collar, not shown, which is fixed all around the end of the secondary metal tube 35. The two collars are respectively welded together. sealed manner to the secondary sealing membrane 7 of one of the main tanks 2, 3 and to the secondary sealing membrane 25 of the annex tank 22.
Le tube métallique primaire 34 et le tube métallique secondaire 35 sont, par exemple, réalisés en Invar®, c’est-à-dire un alliage de fer et de nickel dont le coefficient de dilatation est typiquement compris entre 1,2.10-6 et 2.10-6 K-1.The primary metal tube 34 and the secondary metal tube 35 are, for example, made of Invar®, that is to say an alloy of iron and nickel, the coefficient of expansion of which is typically between 1.2.10 -6 and 2.10 -6 K -1 .
Selon un mode de réalisation non représenté, une couche thermiquement isolante primaire est insérée entre le tube métallique primaire 34 et le tube métallique secondaire 35 tout autour de la paroi extérieure du tube métallique primaire 34 afin d’assurer la même fonction que la barrière thermiquement isolante primaire.According to an embodiment not shown, a primary thermally insulating layer is inserted between the primary metal tube 34 and the secondary metal tube 35 all around the outer wall of the primary metal tube 34 in order to perform the same function as the thermally insulating barrier. primary.
Le conduit 33 comporte également un tube de support 36 qui traverse l’une des parois de cofferdam 20, 21 de l’espace de cofferdam central 19. Le tube de support 36 est disposé autour du tube métallique secondaire 35 de manière concentrique à celui-ci. Le tube de support 36 est fixé d’une part à la structure porteuse 6 de l’une des cuves principales 2, 3 et d’autre part à la structure porteuse 23 de la cuve annexe 22. Le tube de support 36 assure la même fonction que les structures porteuses des cuves principales 2, 3 et annexe et permet ainsi de soutenir le tube métallique secondaire 35 et le tube métallique primaire 34. De plus, le conduit 33 comprend une couche thermiquement isolante secondaire, s’étendant tout autour de la paroi extérieure du tube métallique secondaire 35, entre le tube métallique secondaire 35 et le tube de support 36. La couche thermiquement isolante secondaire assure ainsi la même fonction que la barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire.The conduit 33 also includes a support tube 36 which passes through one of the cofferdam walls 20, 21 of the central cofferdam space 19. The support tube 36 is disposed around the secondary metal tube 35 in a concentric manner thereto. this. The support tube 36 is fixed on the one hand to the supporting structure 6 of one of the main tanks 2, 3 and on the other hand to the supporting structure 23 of the annex tank 22. The support tube 36 provides the same. function as the supporting structures of the main tanks 2, 3 and annex and thus makes it possible to support the secondary metal tube 35 and the primary metal tube 34. In addition, the conduit 33 comprises a secondary thermally insulating layer, extending all around the outer wall of secondary metal tube 35, between secondary metal tube 35 and support tube 36. The secondary thermally insulating layer thus performs the same function as the secondary thermally insulating barrier.
On observe ainsi qu’un tel conduit 33 permet d’assurer la continuité des membranes primaires et secondaires étanches ainsi que des barrières thermiquement isolantes primaires et secondaires entre la cuve annexe 22 et les cuves principales 2, 3.It is thus observed that such a conduit 33 makes it possible to ensure the continuity of the sealed primary and secondary membranes as well as the primary and secondary thermally insulating barriers between the annex tank 22 and the main tanks 2, 3.
De manière avantageuse, le tube métallique primaire 34 et le tube métallique secondaire 35 comportent un ou plusieurs dispositifs de compensation, tels que des soufflets, permettant de leur apporter de la flexibilité selon leur direction longitudinale de manière à autoriser leur contraction et leur dilatation.Advantageously, the primary metal tube 34 and the secondary metal tube 35 comprise one or more compensation devices, such as bellows, allowing flexibility to be provided in their longitudinal direction so as to allow their contraction and expansion.
La illustre la structure des conduits 37 assurant le raccordement de la portion supérieure des cuves principales 2, 3 à la portion supérieure de la cuve annexe 22. Grâce à ces conduits 37, les portions supérieures des cuves principales 2, 3 et de la cuve annexe 22 sont raccordées de manière à permettre une communication des phases vapeurs des cuves principales 2, 3 et de la cuve annexe 22. La pression de la phase vapeur est donc sensiblement similaire dans les cuves principales 2, 3 et dans la cuve annexe 22. Lorsque la pression augmente dans les cuves principales 2, 3 et annexe 22 jusqu’à ce que la pression de la phase vapeur à l’intérieur de la cuve annexe 22 dépasse la pression seuil Ps de la soupape de sureté 32, la soupape de sureté 32 s‘ouvre de sorte à évacuer la vapeur en excès de ladite cuve annexe 22.The illustrates the structure of the conduits 37 ensuring the connection of the upper portion of the main tanks 2, 3 to the upper portion of the annex tank 22. Thanks to these ducts 37, the upper portions of the main tanks 2, 3 and of the annex tank 22 are connected so as to allow communication of the vapor phases of the main tanks 2, 3 and of the annex tank 22. The pressure of the vapor phase is therefore substantially similar in the main tanks 2, 3 and in the annex tank 22. When the pressure increases in the main tanks 2, 3 and annex 22 until the pressure of the vapor phase inside the annex 22 tank exceeds the threshold pressure Ps of the safety valve 32, the safety valve 32 s 'opens so as to evacuate the excess steam from said annex tank 22.
Dans le mode de réalisation de la , les conduits 37 présentent une structure similaire aux conduits 33 décrits en relation avec la . Ainsi, les conduits 37 présentent chacun trois tubes concentriques à savoir un tube métallique primaire 38, un tube métallique secondaire 39 et un tube de support 40. Le tube métallique primaire 38 traverse la paroi de chanfrein supérieure 15, 16 de l’une des cuves principales 2, 3 et la paroi de latérale de la cuve annexe 22. Chacune des extrémités du tube métallique primaire 38 comporte une collerette. L’une des collerettes est soudée de manière étanche à la membrane primaire 9 de la cuve principale 2, 3 tandis que l’autre est soudée de manière étanche à la membrane primaire 27 de la cuve annexe 22. Le tube métallique secondaire 35 traverse la structure porteuse 6, la barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire 5 et la membrane secondaire étanche 7 de l’une des cuves principales 2, 3 et de la cuve annexe 22. Chacune des extrémités du tube métallique secondaire 39 comporte une collerette, l’une étant soudée de manière étanche à la membrane étanche secondaire 7 de la cuve principale 2, 3 et l’autre étant soudée de manière étanche à la membrane étanche secondaire 25 de la cuve annexe 22. Le tube de support 40 est quant à lui soudé à la structure porteuse 6 de la cuve principale 2, d’une part, et à la structure porteuse 23 de la cuve annexe 22, d’autre part. De manière avantageuse, une couche thermiquement isolante primaire est disposée radialement entre le tube métallique primaire 38 et le tube métallique secondaire 39 et une couche thermiquement isolante secondaire est disposée radialement entre le tube métallique secondaire 39 et le tube de support 40.In the embodiment of the , the conduits 37 have a structure similar to the conduits 33 described in relation with the . Thus, the conduits 37 each have three concentric tubes, namely a primary metal tube 38, a secondary metal tube 39 and a support tube 40. The primary metal tube 38 passes through the upper chamfer wall 15, 16 of one of the tanks. main 2, 3 and the side wall of the annex tank 22. Each of the ends of the primary metal tube 38 has a flange. One of the flanges is sealed to the primary membrane 9 of the main tank 2, 3 while the other is sealed to the primary membrane 27 of the annex tank 22. The secondary metal tube 35 passes through the load-bearing structure 6, the secondary thermally insulating barrier 5 and the waterproof secondary membrane 7 of one of the main tanks 2, 3 and of the annex tank 22. Each of the ends of the secondary metal tube 39 has a collar, one being welded tightly to the secondary waterproof membrane 7 of the main tank 2, 3 and the other being sealed to the secondary waterproof membrane 25 of the annex tank 22. The support tube 40 is itself welded to the structure carrier 6 of the main tank 2, on the one hand, and to the supporting structure 23 of the annex tank 22, on the other hand. Advantageously, a primary thermally insulating layer is disposed radially between the primary metal tube 38 and the secondary metal tube 39 and a secondary thermally insulating layer is disposed radially between the secondary metal tube 39 and the support tube 40.
Comme illustré sur la qui représente une vue de dessus de l’installation 1, la cuve annexe 22 est ici disposée entre les deux cuves principales 2, 3, dans l’espace de cofferdam central 19. As shown on the which represents a top view of the installation 1, the annex tank 22 is here arranged between the two main tanks 2, 3, in the central cofferdam space 19.
Dans le mode de réalisation de la , les conduits 41 raccordent la portion supérieure des cuves principales 2, 3 à la portion supérieure de la cuve annexe 22 en passant au travers de l’espace de cofferdam supérieur qui est défini entre la coque externe et la coque interne du navire, au-dessus des cuves principales 22, 23. Chaque conduit 41 comporte un tube primaire qui traverse la paroi de plafond de l’une des cuves principales 2, 3 pour déboucher dans la portion supérieure de la cuve principale 2, 3 et traverse une paroi de la cuve annexe 22 pour déboucher dans la portion supérieure de la cuve annexe 22. Comme dans le mode de réalisation précédent, le tube métallique primaire comporte deux collerettes qui sont disposées aux deux extrémités du conduit primaire et sont respectivement soudées à la membrane étanche primaire 9 de la cuve principale 2, 3 et à la membrane étanche primaire 27 de la cuve annexe 22. Par ailleurs, soit le tube métallique primaire est également raccordé de manière étanche à la membrane étanche secondaire de la cuve principale et de la cuve annexe 22 afin d’assurer leur continuité, soit le conduit comporte un tube métallique secondaire, non illustré sur la . Dans ce cas, le tube métallique secondaire est disposé coaxialement au tube métallique primaire, autour dudit tube métallique primaire. Le tube métallique secondaire comporte des extrémités équipées de collerettes qui sont respectivement soudées à la membrane étanche secondaire de la cuve principale et à la membrane étanche secondaire de la cuve annexe 22.In the embodiment of the , the conduits 41 connect the upper portion of the main tanks 2, 3 to the upper portion of the annex tank 22 passing through the upper cofferdam space which is defined between the outer hull and the inner hull of the ship, at the- above the main tanks 22, 23. Each duct 41 comprises a primary tube which passes through the ceiling wall of one of the main tanks 2, 3 to open into the upper portion of the main tank 2, 3 and passes through a wall of the annex tank 22 to open into the upper portion of the annex tank 22. As in the previous embodiment, the primary metal tube has two flanges which are arranged at both ends of the primary duct and are respectively welded to the primary waterproof membrane 9 of the main tank 2, 3 and to the primary waterproof membrane 27 of the annex tank 22. Furthermore, either the primary metal tube is also connected in a sealed manner to the dry waterproof membrane of the main tank and of the annex tank 22 in order to ensure their continuity, either the duct includes a secondary metal tube, not shown on the . In this case, the secondary metal tube is arranged coaxially with the primary metal tube, around said primary metal tube. The secondary metal tube has ends fitted with flanges which are respectively welded to the secondary waterproof membrane of the main tank and to the secondary waterproof membrane of the annex tank 22.
Dans un mode de réalisation, non illustré, la portion supérieure de chacune des cuves principales 2, 3 est raccordée à la portion supérieure de la cuve annexe 22 par deux conduits 41 qui débouchent dans l’espace interne de ladite cuve principale 2, 3 de part et d’autre d’un plan vertical longitudinal médian de ladite cuve principale 2, 3. De manière avantageuse, les deux conduit s41 débouchent dans la portion supérieure de la cuve principale, à deux extrémités de la paroi de plafond 12 qui sont opposées l’une à l’autre selon une direction transversale perpendiculaire à la direction longitudinale du navire. Ainsi, si le navire se trouve immobilisé dans une position inclinée dans laquelle il présente une inclinaison de gite, au moins l’un des deux conduits 41 débouche au niveau du point le plus élevé de la cuve principale 2, 3 et est ainsi apte à évacuer la phase vapeur du gaz liquéfié stocké dans la cuve principale vers la cuve annexe 22.In one embodiment, not illustrated, the upper portion of each of the main tanks 2, 3 is connected to the upper portion of the annex tank 22 by two conduits 41 which open into the internal space of said main tank 2, 3 of on either side of a median longitudinal vertical plane of said main tank 2, 3. Advantageously, the two ducts s41 open into the upper portion of the main tank, at two ends of the ceiling wall 12 which are opposite one to the other in a transverse direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the ship. Thus, if the ship is immobilized in an inclined position in which it has a heeling inclination, at least one of the two conduits 41 opens at the level of the highest point of the main tank 2, 3 and is thus able to evacuate the vapor phase of the liquefied gas stored in the main tank to the annex tank 22.
Comme illustré sur la qui représente une vue de dessus de l’installation 1, la cuve annexe 22 n’est ici pas disposée entre les deux cuves principales 2, 3 mais est disposé dans le prolongement de l’espace de cofferdam central 19 à l’arrière des cuves principales 2, 3.As shown on the which represents a top view of the installation 1, the annex tank 22 is here not disposed between the two main tanks 2, 3 but is arranged in the extension of the central cofferdam space 19 at the rear of the tanks main 2, 3.
La représente une installation 1 selon un autre mode de réalisation. Cette installation 1 diffère de celle décrite ci-dessus en relation avec les figures 1 à 6 par la position relative des cuves principales 2, 3 et de la cuve annexe 22. Dans ce mode de réalisation, les deux cuves principales 2, 3 sont disposées l’une à la suite de l’autre dans la direction longitudinale du navire. Les deux cuves principales 2, 3 sont alors séparées l’une de l’autre par un espace de cofferdam transversal 43 qui est défini entre deux parois de cofferdam transversales formant respectivement la structure porteuse de la paroi arrière 10 de l’une des cuves principales 2 et la structure porteuse de la paroi avant 44 de l’autre cuve principale 3. La cuve annexe 22 est logée dans l’espace de cofferdam transversal 43.The shows an installation 1 according to another embodiment. This installation 1 differs from that described above in relation to FIGS. 1 to 6 by the relative position of the main tanks 2, 3 and of the annex tank 22. In this embodiment, the two main tanks 2, 3 are arranged one after the other in the longitudinal direction of the ship. The two main tanks 2, 3 are then separated from each other by a transverse cofferdam space 43 which is defined between two transverse cofferdam walls respectively forming the supporting structure of the rear wall 10 of one of the main tanks 2 and the supporting structure of the front wall 44 of the other main tank 3. The annex tank 22 is housed in the transverse cofferdam space 43.
En référence à la , une vue écorchée d’un navire méthanier 170 montre une installation 1 comportant une cuve étanche et isolée 171 de forme générale prismatique montée dans la double coque 172 du navire. La paroi de la cuve 171 comporte une membrane primaire destinée à être en contact avec le GNL contenu dans la cuve, une membrane secondaire agencée entre la membrane primaire et la double coque 172 du navire, et deux barrières thermiquement isolantes agencées respectivement entre la membrane primaire et la membrane secondaire et entre la membrane secondaire et la double coque 172.With reference to the , a cut-away view of an LNG carrier 170 shows an installation 1 comprising a sealed and insulated tank 171 of generally prismatic shape mounted in the double hull 172 of the ship. The wall of the vessel 171 comprises a primary membrane intended to be in contact with the LNG contained in the vessel, a secondary membrane arranged between the primary membrane and the double hull 172 of the vessel, and two thermally insulating barriers arranged respectively between the primary membrane and the secondary membrane and between the secondary membrane and the double shell 172.
De manière connue en soi, des canalisations de chargement/déchargement 173 disposées sur le pont supérieur du navire peuvent être raccordées, au moyen de connecteurs appropriées, à un terminal maritime ou portuaire pour transférer une cargaison de GNL depuis ou vers la cuve 171. In a manner known per se, loading / unloading pipes 173 arranged on the upper deck of the ship can be connected, by means of suitable connectors, to a maritime or port terminal for transferring a cargo of LNG from or to the tank 171.
La représente également un exemple de terminal maritime comportant un poste de chargement et de déchargement 175, une conduite sous-marine 176 et une installation à terre 177. Le poste de chargement et de déchargement 175 est une installation fixe off-shore comportant un bras mobile 174 et une tour 178 qui supporte le bras mobile 174. Le bras mobile 174 porte un faisceau de tuyaux flexibles isolés 179 pouvant se connecter aux canalisations de chargement/déchargement 173. Le bras mobile 174 orientable s'adapte à tous les gabarits de méthaniers. Une conduite de liaison non représentée s'étend à l'intérieur de la tour 178. Le poste de chargement et de déchargement 175 permet le chargement et le déchargement du méthanier 170 depuis ou vers l'installation à terre 177. Celle-ci comporte des cuves de stockage de gaz liquéfié 180 et des conduites de liaison 181 reliées par la conduite sous-marine 176 au poste de chargement ou de déchargement 175. La conduite sous-marine 176 permet le transfert du gaz liquéfié entre le poste de chargement ou de déchargement 175 et l'installation à terre 177 sur une grande distance, par exemple 5 km, ce qui permet de garder le navire méthanier 170 à grande distance de la côte pendant les opérations de chargement et de déchargement. The also shows an example of a marine terminal comprising a loading and unloading station 175, an underwater pipe 176 and an onshore installation 177. The loading and unloading station 175 is a fixed off-shore installation comprising a movable arm 174 and a tower 178 which supports the movable arm 174. The movable arm 174 carries a bundle of insulated flexible pipes 179 which can be connected to the loading / unloading lines 173. The movable arm 174 can be swiveled and adapts to all sizes of LNG carriers. A connecting pipe, not shown, extends inside the tower 178. The loading and unloading station 175 allows the loading and unloading of the LNG carrier 170 from or to the onshore installation 177. The latter includes liquefied gas storage tanks 180 and connecting pipes 181 connected by the underwater pipe 176 to the loading or unloading station 175. The underwater pipe 176 allows the transfer of the liquefied gas between the loading or unloading station 175 and the shore installation 177 over a long distance, for example 5 km, which makes it possible to keep the LNG carrier 170 at a great distance from the coast during loading and unloading operations.
Pour engendrer la pression nécessaire au transfert du gaz liquéfié, on met en œuvre des pompes embarquées dans le navire 170 et/ou des pompes équipant l'installation à terre 177 et/ou des pompes équipant le poste de chargement et de déchargement 175.To generate the pressure necessary for the transfer of the liquefied gas, pumps on board the ship 170 and / or pumps fitted to the shore installation 177 and / or pumps fitted to the loading and unloading station 175 are used.
Bien que l'invention ait été décrite en liaison avec plusieurs modes de réalisation particuliers, il est bien évident qu'elle n'y est nullement limitée et qu'elle comprend tous les équivalents techniques des moyens décrits ainsi que leurs combinaisons si celles-ci entrent dans le cadre de l'invention revendiquée.Although the invention has been described in connection with several particular embodiments, it is obvious that it is in no way limited thereto and that it comprises all the technical equivalents of the means described as well as their combinations if these come within the scope of the claimed invention.
L’usage du verbe « comporter », « comprendre » ou « inclure » et de ses formes conjuguées n’exclut pas la présence d’autres éléments ou d’autres étapes que ceux énoncés dans une revendication. The use of the verb "to comprise", "to understand" or "to include" and its conjugated forms does not exclude the presence of other elements or other steps than those set out in a claim.
Dans les revendications, tout signe de référence entre parenthèses ne saurait être interprété comme une limitation de la revendication.In the claims, any reference sign in parentheses cannot be interpreted as a limitation of the claim.

Claims (22)

  1. Installation (1) de stockage d’un gaz liquéfié comportant :
    - deux cuves principales (2, 3) présentant chacune une portion inférieure et une portion supérieure qui est située au-dessus d’une limite supérieure de remplissage de ladite cuve principale (2, 3) ;
    - une cuve annexe (22) présentant une portion supérieure s'étendant au-dessus de la limite supérieure de remplissage des cuves principales (2, 3) ;
    - une ligne de déchargement (42) du gaz liquéfié qui traverse une paroi de plafond de la cuve annexe (22) et débouche dans la portion inférieure de la cuve annexe (22), ladite ligne de déchargement (42) étant associée à une pompe (29) de déchargement ;
    - deux conduits de transfert du gaz liquéfié en phase liquide (33) qui raccordent respectivement la portion inférieure de la cuve annexe (22) à la portion inférieure de l’une et l’autre des deux cuves principales (2, 3) de sorte à permettre le déchargement des deux cuves principales (2, 3) via la ligne de déchargement ;
    - deux conduits de transfert du gaz liquéfié en phase vapeur (37, 41) qui raccordent respectivement la portion supérieure de la cuve annexe (22) à la portion supérieure de l’une et l’autre des deux cuves principales (2, 3) de sorte à assurer une communication des phases vapeurs des cuves principales (2, 3) et de la cuve annexe (22) ; et
    - un conduit de collecte de vapeur (31) qui traverse une paroi de l’une parmi les cuves principales (2, 3) et la cuve annexe (22), débouche dans la portion supérieure de celle-ci et est agencé pour évacuer la phase vapeur de l'installation (1) de stockage du gaz liquéfié.    Liquefied gas storage installation (1) comprising:
    - two main tanks (2, 3) each having a lower portion and an upper portion which is located above an upper filling limit of said main tank (2, 3);
    - an annex tank (22) having an upper portion extending above the upper limit of filling of the main tanks (2, 3);
    - an unloading line (42) of the liquefied gas which passes through a ceiling wall of the annex tank (22) and opens into the lower portion of the annex tank (22), said unloading line (42) being associated with a pump (29) unloading;
    - two liquefied gas transfer conduits in the liquid phase (33) which respectively connect the lower portion of the annex tank (22) to the lower portion of one and the other of the two main tanks (2, 3) so to allow the unloading of the two main tanks (2, 3) via the unloading line;
    - two liquefied gas vapor transfer conduits (37, 41) which respectively connect the upper portion of the annex tank (22) to the upper portion of one and the other of the two main tanks (2, 3) so as to ensure communication of the vapor phases of the main tanks (2, 3) and of the annex tank (22); and
    - a vapor collection duct (31) which passes through a wall of one of the main tanks (2, 3) and the annex tank (22), opens into the upper portion thereof and is arranged to evacuate the vapor phase of the liquefied gas storage installation (1).
  2. Installation (1) selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle les conduits de transfert du gaz liquéfié en phase liquide (33) débouchent chacun dans la portion inférieure de l’une des cuves principales (2, 3) à une distance d’une paroi de fond (11) de ladite cuve principale (2, 3) qui est inférieure à 10 % de la hauteur de ladite cuve principale (2, 3).Installation (1) according to Claim 1, in which the conduits for transferring the liquefied gas in liquid phase (33) each open into the lower portion of one of the main tanks (2, 3) at a distance from a wall of bottom (11) of said main tank (2, 3) which is less than 10% of the height of said main tank (2, 3).
  3. Installation (1) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans laquelle la cuve annexe (22) et les cuves principales (2, 3) présentent chacune une paroi de fond (11) et dans laquelle la paroi de fond (11) de la cuve annexe (22) est disposée à une hauteur qui est inférieure à celle des parois de fond (11) des cuves principales (2, 3).Installation (1) according to claim 1 or 2, in which the annex tank (22) and the main tanks (2, 3) each have a bottom wall (11) and in which the bottom wall (11) of the tank annex (22) is arranged at a height which is less than that of the bottom walls (11) of the main tanks (2, 3).
  4. Installation (1) selon la revendication 3, dans laquelle la pompe (29) de déchargement présente un organe d’aspiration qui est disposé à une hauteur inférieure à celle des parois de fond (11) des cuves principales (2, 3).Installation (1) according to claim 3, wherein the unloading pump (29) has a suction member which is arranged at a height lower than that of the bottom walls (11) of the main tanks (2, 3).
  5. Installation selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, comportant en outre une ligne de chargement qui traverse la paroi de plafond de la cuve annexe (22) et débouche dans la cuve annexe (22).Installation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a loading line which passes through the ceiling wall of the annex tank (22) and opens into the annex tank (22).
  6. Installation (1) selon la revendication 5, dans laquelle la cuve annexe (22) comporte une tour de chargement /déchargement (28) qui passe au travers d’une paroi de plafond de la cuve annexe (22), s’étend sur sensiblement toute la hauteur de la cuve annexe (22) et supporte la ligne de chargement, la ligne de déchargement (42) et la pompe (29) de déchargement.Installation (1) according to Claim 5, in which the annex tank (22) comprises a loading / unloading tower (28) which passes through a ceiling wall of the annex tank (22), extending over substantially the entire height of the annex tank (22) and supports the loading line, the unloading line (42) and the unloading pump (29).
  7. Installation (1) selon la revendication 6, dans laquelle la tour de chargement/déchargement (28) comporte une base qui coopère avec un pied de support (30) qui est fixé à une paroi inférieure d’une structure porteuse de la cuve annexe (22).Installation (1) according to Claim 6, in which the loading / unloading tower (28) comprises a base which cooperates with a support foot (30) which is fixed to a lower wall of a supporting structure of the annex tank ( 22).
  8. Installation (1) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, dans laquelle le conduit de collecte de vapeur (31) traverse une paroi de plafond de la cuve annexe (22), le conduit de collecte de vapeur (31) étant équipé d’une soupape de sureté (32) qui est tarée de manière à assurer une évacuation du gaz en phase vapeur, lorsque la pression de la portion supérieure de la cuve annexe (22) dépasse une pression seuil Ps.Installation (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, in which the vapor collection duct (31) passes through a ceiling wall of the annex tank (22), the vapor collection duct (31) being equipped a safety valve (32) which is calibrated so as to ensure evacuation of the gas in the vapor phase, when the pressure of the upper portion of the annex tank (22) exceeds a threshold pressure Ps.
  9. Installation (1) selon la revendication 8, dans laquelle la cuve annexe (22) et les cuves principales (2, 3) comportent chacune une paroi de plafond (12) et dans laquelle la paroi de plafond de la cuve annexe (22) est disposée à une hauteur qui est supérieure à celle des parois de plafond (12) des cuves principales (2, 3).Installation (1) according to claim 8, in which the annex tank (22) and the main tanks (2, 3) each have a ceiling wall (12) and in which the ceiling wall of the annex tank (22) is arranged at a height which is greater than that of the ceiling walls (12) of the main tanks (2, 3).
  10. Installation (1) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, dans laquelle les cuves principales (2, 3) sont séparées par un espace de cofferdam (19, 43) défini par deux parois de cofferdam (20, 21) et dans laquelle la cuve annexe (22) est logée dans l’espace de cofferdam (19, 43).Installation (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, in which the main tanks (2, 3) are separated by a cofferdam space (19, 43) defined by two cofferdam walls (20, 21) and in which the annex tank (22) is housed in the cofferdam space (19, 43).
  11. Installation (1) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, dans laquelle la cuve annexe (22) présente une dimension transversale et une dimension longitudinale qui sont chacune comprises entre 1,5 et 4 mètres.Installation (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the annex tank (22) has a transverse dimension and a longitudinal dimension which are each between 1.5 and 4 meters.
  12. Installation (1) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, dans laquelle les cuves principales (2, 3) et la cuve annexe (22) comportent des parois présentant chacune, dans la direction d’épaisseur de ladite paroi, de l’extérieur vers l’intérieur, une barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire (5, 24) reposant contre une structure porteuse (6, 23), une membrane secondaire étanche (7, 25) reposant contre la barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire (5, 24), une barrière thermiquement isolante primaire (8, 26) reposant contre la membrane secondaire étanche (7, 25) et une membrane primaire étanche (9, 27) destinée à être en contact avec le gaz liquéfié stocké dans la cuve et reposant contre la barrière thermiquement isolante primaire (8, 26).Installation (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, in which the main tanks (2, 3) and the annex tank (22) comprise walls each having, in the thickness direction of said wall, 'exterior to interior, a secondary thermally insulating barrier (5, 24) resting against a supporting structure (6, 23), a waterproof secondary membrane (7, 25) resting against the secondary thermally insulating barrier (5, 24), a primary thermally insulating barrier (8, 26) resting against the waterproof secondary membrane (7, 25) and a primary waterproof membrane (9, 27) intended to be in contact with the liquefied gas stored in the tank and resting against the thermally barrier primary insulator (8, 26).
  13. Installation (1) selon la revendication 12, dans laquelle les conduits pour le transfert du gaz liquéfié en phase liquide (33) comportent chacun un tube métallique primaire (34) qui traverse une paroi de la cuve annexe (22) et est soudé de manière étanche à la membrane étanche primaire (9) de ladite paroi de la cuve annexe (22) et qui traverse une paroi de l’une des cuves principales (2, 3) et est soudé de manière étanche à le membrane étanche primaire (27) de ladite paroi de l’une des cuves principales (2, 3).Installation (1) according to Claim 12, in which the conduits for the transfer of the liquefied gas in the liquid phase (33) each comprise a primary metal tube (34) which passes through a wall of the annex tank (22) and is welded in such a manner. tight to the primary waterproof membrane (9) of said wall of the annex tank (22) and which passes through a wall of one of the main tanks (2, 3) and is sealed to the primary waterproof membrane (27) of said wall of one of the main tanks (2, 3).
  14. Installation (1) selon la revendication 13, dans laquelle les conduits pour le transfert du gaz liquéfié en phase liquide (33) comportent chacun un tube métallique secondaire (35) qui est disposé autour du tube métallique primaire (34) et qui est soudée de manière étanche à la membrane étanche secondaire (7) de la paroi de la cuve principale (2, 3) qui est traversé par le tube métallique primaire (34) et à la membrane étanche secondaire (25) de la paroi de la cuve annexe (22) qui est traversée par le tube métallique primaire (34).Installation (1) according to Claim 13, in which the conduits for the transfer of the liquefied gas in the liquid phase (33) each comprise a secondary metal tube (35) which is arranged around the primary metal tube (34) and which is welded together. tightly to the secondary waterproof membrane (7) of the wall of the main tank (2, 3) which is crossed by the primary metal tube (34) and to the secondary waterproof membrane (25) of the wall of the annex tank ( 22) which is crossed by the primary metal tube (34).
  15. Installation (1) selon la revendication 14, dans laquelle les conduits pour le transfert du gaz liquéfié en phase liquide (33) comportent chacun un tube de support (36) qui est disposé autour du tube métallique secondaire (35) et qui est fixé à une structure porteuse (6) de l’une des cuves principales (2, 3) et à la structure porteuse (23) de la cuve annexe (22).Installation (1) according to Claim 14, in which the conduits for the transfer of the liquefied gas in liquid phase (33) each comprise a support tube (36) which is arranged around the secondary metal tube (35) and which is fixed to a supporting structure (6) of one of the main tanks (2, 3) and to the supporting structure (23) of the annex tank (22).
  16. Navire (170), le navire comportant une installation (1) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 15.Ship (170), the ship comprising an installation (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 15.
  17. Navire selon la revendication 16, dans lequel les cuves principales (2, 3) s’étendent côte à côte selon une direction longitudinale du navire et sont séparées l’une de l’autre par un espace de cofferdam central (19).A vessel according to claim 16, wherein the main tanks (2, 3) extend side by side in a longitudinal direction of the vessel and are separated from each other by a central cofferdam space (19).
  18. Navire selon la revendication 17, dans lequel la cuve annexe (22) est disposée dans l’espace de cofferdam central (19).A vessel according to claim 17, wherein the annex tank (22) is disposed in the central cofferdam space (19).
  19. Navire selon la revendication 17 ou 18, dans lequel la cuve annexe (22) est disposée vers l’arrière du navire par rapport aux plans transversaux médians coupant les cuves principales (2, 3) au milieu de leur longueur.A vessel according to claim 17 or 18, in which the annex tank (22) is disposed towards the rear of the vessel with respect to the median transverse planes intersecting the main tanks (2, 3) at the middle of their length.
  20. Navire selon la revendication 16, dans lequel les cuves principales (2, 3) sont disposées l’une à la suite de l’autre selon une direction longitudinale du navire et sont séparées l’une de l’autre par un espace de cofferdam transversal (43) et dans lequel la cuve annexe (22) est disposée dans l’espace de cofferdam transversal (43).Ship according to Claim 16, in which the main tanks (2, 3) are arranged one after the other in a longitudinal direction of the ship and are separated from each other by a transverse cofferdam space (43) and in which the annex tank (22) is arranged in the transverse cofferdam space (43).
  21. Système de transfert pour un fluide, le système comportant un navire (170) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 16 à 20, des canalisations isolées (173, 179, 176, 181) agencées de manière à relier la cuve (171) installée dans la coque du navire à une installation de stockage flottante ou terrestre (177) et une pompe pour entraîner un flux de fluide à travers les canalisations isolées depuis ou vers l’installation de stockage flottante ou terrestre vers ou depuis la cuve du navire.A transfer system for a fluid, the system comprising a vessel (170) according to any one of claims 16 to 20, insulated pipelines (173, 179, 176, 181) arranged to connect to the vessel (171) installed in the hull of the ship to a floating or onshore storage facility (177) and a pump for driving a flow of fluid through insulated pipelines from or to the floating or onshore storage facility to or from the vessel of the ship.
  22. Procédé de chargement ou déchargement d’un navire (170) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 16 à 20, dans lequel on achemine un fluide à travers des canalisations isolées (173, 179, 176, 181) depuis ou vers une installation de stockage flottante ou terrestre (177) vers ou depuis la cuve (171) du navire.A method of loading or unloading a ship (170) according to any one of claims 16 to 20, wherein a fluid is conveyed through insulated pipelines (173, 179, 176, 181) from or to a storage facility floating or terrestrial (177) to or from the vessel (171) of the vessel.
PCT/EP2020/082596 2019-11-22 2020-11-18 Facility for storing a liquefied gas WO2021099424A1 (en)

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KR1020227020990A KR20220102644A (en) 2019-11-22 2020-11-18 Storage facility for liquefied gas
CN202080080683.XA CN114729725A (en) 2019-11-22 2020-11-18 Installation for storing liquefied gas

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FR1913086A FR3103534B1 (en) 2019-11-22 2019-11-22 Installation for the storage of a liquefied gas
FR1913086 2019-11-22

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WO2021099424A1 true WO2021099424A1 (en) 2021-05-27

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FR2691520A1 (en) 1992-05-20 1993-11-26 Technigaz Ste Nle Prefabricated structure for forming watertight and thermally insulating walls for containment of a fluid at very low temperature.
FR2877638A1 (en) 2004-11-10 2006-05-12 Gaz Transp Et Technigaz Soc Pa THERMALLY INSULATED AND THERMALLY INSULATED TANK WITH COMPRESSION-RESISTANT CALORIFYING ELEMENTS
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FR3035475A1 (en) 2015-04-23 2016-10-28 Vallourec Oil & Gas France TUBULAR THREADED ELEMENT HAVING ANTI-INCH METAL COATING AND LUBRICATING LAYER

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FR3103534B1 (en) 2022-03-25
FR3103534A1 (en) 2021-05-28
KR20220102644A (en) 2022-07-20

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