WO2021098231A1 - 一种信号接收方法及系统 - Google Patents

一种信号接收方法及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021098231A1
WO2021098231A1 PCT/CN2020/100796 CN2020100796W WO2021098231A1 WO 2021098231 A1 WO2021098231 A1 WO 2021098231A1 CN 2020100796 W CN2020100796 W CN 2020100796W WO 2021098231 A1 WO2021098231 A1 WO 2021098231A1
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signal
frequency domain
data
frequency
equalization
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PCT/CN2020/100796
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王素椅
余长亮
张逾进
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烽火通信科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2021098231A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021098231A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H04Q11/0067—Provisions for optical access or distribution networks, e.g. Gigabit Ethernet Passive Optical Network (GE-PON), ATM-based Passive Optical Network (A-PON), PON-Ring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0264—Arrangements for coupling to transmission lines
    • H04L25/0292—Arrangements specific to the receiver end
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0003—Details

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communication technology, in particular to a signal receiving method and system.
  • the PON network system includes an optical line terminal (OLT), an optical distribution network (ODN), and m optical network units (ONU).
  • OLT optical line terminal
  • ODN optical distribution network
  • ONU m optical network units
  • Ethernet Passive Optical Network EPON
  • GPON gigabit Passive Optical Network
  • 50G-PON has been adopted by the International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) standards. Organized project discussion, IEEE802.3ca is the 50G-EPON standard, and version D2.0 has been released.
  • the standard downstream supports single-channel 25 gigabits per second (Gbps) and 50Gbps (2*25G) transmission rates, and upstream Supports 10Gbps, 25Gbps and 50Gbps (2*25G) transmission rates;
  • ITU-T G.hsp.50Gpmd is a 50G-GPON physical layer standard, which is under discussion and formulation.
  • the standard supports a single-channel 50Gbps transmission rate in the downlink and 10Gbps and 25Gbps in the uplink. And 50Gbps transmission rate.
  • the OLT optical receiving end needs to support multiple high transmission rate signal receiving functions, such as 10Gbps and 25Gbps. And 50Gbps.
  • 10Gbps and 25Gbps and 50Gbps.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a signal receiving method and system, which can receive service data of multiple transmission rates and improve link performance.
  • the present invention provides a signal receiving method, which includes:
  • Digital-to-analog conversion is performed on the output data of the equalization filtering process to obtain the restored data and output to the corresponding physical medium adaptation interface.
  • a rate selection signal used to indicate the transmission rate of the service data is received, the sampling signal is controlled to enter the channel configured according to the transmission rate of the service data, and then equalization processing and filtering and noise reduction are performed in sequence deal with.
  • the equalization parameters are adjusted according to the matching degree between the actual frequency response and the frequency domain model of the target channel transfer function.
  • the degree of matching is determined according to the frequency domain amplitude difference between the actual frequency response and the frequency domain model of the target channel transfer function
  • the matching degree reaches or exceeds a threshold value, and the frequency domain compensation peak value is within a predetermined range.
  • the number of data points where the frequency domain amplitude difference on each frequency point is consistent with the average value of the frequency domain amplitude difference is recorded, and the ratio of the number of data points to the total number of data points is the degree of matching.
  • the frequency domain compensation peak value is the maximum change of the frequency domain amplitude difference of each frequency point relative to the frequency domain amplitude difference of the starting frequency point in a specified frequency interval Value, wherein the specified frequency interval includes a starting frequency point and a 3dB bandwidth frequency point after the starting frequency point.
  • the present invention also provides a signal receiving system, which includes:
  • a receiving module which is used to receive an optical signal carrying service data and convert the optical signal into a voltage signal, wherein the transmission rate of the service data is within a limited range;
  • An analog-to-digital converter for performing analog-to-digital conversion on the voltage signal to obtain a sampling signal, wherein the sampling rate is greater than the upper limit of the limited range;
  • An equalization filtering module which is used to perform equalization filtering processing on the sampled signal according to the transmission rate of the service data
  • the digital-to-analog converter is used to perform digital-to-analog conversion on the output data of the equalization filtering process to obtain the restored data and output it to the corresponding physical medium adaptation interface.
  • the equalization filtering module is configured to receive a rate selection signal for indicating the transmission rate of the service data, and control the sampling signal to enter a channel configured according to the transmission rate of the service data, and then Perform equalization processing and filter noise reduction processing.
  • the equalization parameters are adjusted according to the matching degree between the actual frequency response and the frequency domain model of the target channel transfer function.
  • the degree of matching is determined according to the frequency domain amplitude difference between the actual frequency response and the frequency domain model of the target channel transfer function
  • the matching degree reaches or exceeds a threshold value, and the frequency domain compensation peak value is within a predetermined range.
  • the channel includes a first channel for performing the equalization processing, and a second channel for performing the filtering and noise reduction processing;
  • the equalization filter module includes a multi-channel equalization unit and a comparison unit, the multi-channel equalization unit includes a first rate selection sub-unit and a plurality of the first channels, and each of the first channels is provided with an equalizer;
  • the first rate selection subunit is configured to receive the rate selection signal from the media access controller MAC, and control the sampling signal to enter the corresponding equalizer;
  • the equalizer is configured to perform the equalization processing on the sampling signal provided by the first rate selection subunit;
  • the comparison unit includes a comparator and a model selection subunit
  • the model selection subunit is configured to receive the rate selection signal from the MAC, and output the frequency domain model of the target channel transfer function corresponding to the first channel to the comparator;
  • the comparator is configured to receive the rate selection signal from the MAC, calculate the actual frequency response and the matching degree according to the frequency domain model of the target channel transfer function and the output data of the equalizer; and notify the The equalizer adjusts the equalization parameter.
  • the comparator is used to perform time domain equalization processing on the sampled signal to obtain equalized data; perform Fourier transform on the equalized data to obtain real-time sampling frequency domain discrete data, where ,
  • the real-time sampling frequency domain discrete data is the same as the frequency point of the frequency domain model of the target channel transfer function; at each frequency point, the frequency domain of the real-time sampling frequency domain discrete data and the frequency domain model of the target channel transfer function is calculated Amplitude difference; record the number of data points where the frequency domain amplitude difference on each frequency point is consistent with the average value of the frequency domain amplitude difference, and the ratio of the number of data points to the total number of data points is the degree of matching.
  • the frequency domain compensation peak value is the maximum change of the frequency domain amplitude difference of each frequency point relative to the frequency domain amplitude difference of the starting frequency point in a specified frequency interval Value, wherein the specified frequency interval includes a starting frequency point and a 3dB bandwidth frequency point after the starting frequency point.
  • the equalization filter module includes a multi-channel filter and noise reduction unit, and the multi-channel filter and noise reduction unit includes a second rate selection sub-unit and a plurality of the second channels, each of the first The two channels are provided with a low-pass filter and a noise reducer connected in sequence;
  • the second rate selection subunit is configured to receive the rate selection signal from the MAC and control the output data of the comparator to enter the corresponding low-pass filter;
  • the low-pass filter is used to perform low-pass filtering processing on the data provided by the second rate selection subunit;
  • the noise reducer is used to perform noise reduction processing on the output data of the low-pass filter based on a noise reduction algorithm.
  • the signal receiving method of the embodiment of the present invention includes: receiving an optical signal carrying service data, and converting the optical signal into a voltage signal, wherein the transmission rate of the service data is within a limited range; The signal undergoes analog-to-digital conversion to obtain a sampled signal, where the sampling rate is greater than the upper limit of the limited range; according to the transmission rate of the service data, the sampled signal is equalized and filtered; the output data of the equalized filter is converted into digital-to-analog to obtain the restored data And output to the corresponding physical media adaptation interface, which can receive service data of multiple transmission rates and improve link performance.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a PON network system
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a 1Gbps/10Gbps dual transmission rate signal receiving scheme in TDMA mode
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a 10Gbps/25Gbps/50Gbps signal receiving scheme with three transmission rates in TDMA mode;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a signal receiving system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an equalizing filter module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6a is a schematic diagram of the frequency domain model of the actual frequency response and the target channel transfer function in the first channel
  • Fig. 6b is a schematic diagram of reducing the peaking height of the frequency domain compensation by adjusting the control signal of the equalizer
  • Fig. 6c is a schematic diagram of the frequency domain model of the adjusted actual frequency response and the target channel transfer function
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a signal receiving method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is an application schematic diagram of a signal receiving system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the mainstream operators adopt the combo (COMBO) method, that is, the optical module of the OLT supports multi-rate transmission and multi-rate reception functions, such as 1Gbps/10Gbps or 2.5Gbps/10Gbps dual transmission rate.
  • COMBO combo
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a 1Gbps/10Gbps dual transmission rate signal receiving scheme in TDMA mode.
  • Multiple ONUs send light carrying service data to the OLT in different time slots on the specified wavelength.
  • the transmission rate of signal and service data is 1Gbps and 10Gbps.
  • the optical signal passes through a 10Gbps photodiode (PD) and is converted into a current signal, and a 1Gbps/10Gbps transimpedance amplifier (Trans-Impedance Amplifier, TIA) converts the current signal into a voltage signal.
  • PD photodiode
  • TIA Trans-Impedance Amplifier
  • the voltage signal of the service data with a transmission rate of 1Gbps passes through a 1Gbps compression limiting amplifier (Limiting Amplifier, LA), and then is output to a 1Gbps physical medium attachment (PMA) interface.
  • the voltage signal of the service data of the 10Gbps transmission rate passes through the 10Gbps LA, and then is output to the 10Gbps PMA interface.
  • the OLT side uses the same optical component to receive a variety of 10Gbps and below transmission rate signals.
  • the continuous improvement of PON single-channel transmission rate if the OLT side uses the same optical component to receive multiple high transmission rate signals above 10Gbps, such as 10Gbps, 25Gbps and 50Gbps, this requires the same OLT optical module to meet the transmission of 10Gbps, 25Gbps and 50Gbps.
  • the rate of performance index requirements if the OLT side uses the same optical component to receive multiple high transmission rate signals above 10Gbps, such as 10Gbps, 25Gbps and 50Gbps, this requires the same OLT optical module to meet the transmission of 10Gbps, 25Gbps and 50Gbps.
  • the rate of performance index requirements are examples of performance index requirements.
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of a 10Gbps/25Gbps/50Gbps signal receiving scheme with three transmission rates in TDMA mode.
  • Optical signals are converted into current signals after 50Gbps PD, and 10Gbps/25Gbps/50Gbps TIA converts current signals into voltage signals.
  • the voltage signal is amplified by the data clock recovery unit, and then output to the corresponding PMA interface.
  • the problems of the receiving scheme in Figure 3 include:
  • the space layout of the OLT optical module is tight, and the electromagnetic interference of various signals and heat dissipation problems are difficult.
  • FIG. 4 is a signal receiving system provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the signal receiving system includes a receiving module, an analog-to-digital converter, an equalization filtering module, and a digital-to-analog converter.
  • the receiving module is used to receive optical signals carrying service data and convert the optical signals into voltage signals, where the transmission rate of the service data is within a limited range.
  • An analog-digital converter (Analog-Digital Converter, ADC) is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion on a voltage signal to obtain a sampling signal, where the sampling rate is greater than the upper limit of the limited range.
  • the equalization filter module is used to perform equalization filter processing on the sampled signal according to the transmission rate of the service data.
  • the Digital-Analog Converter (DAC) is used to perform digital-to-analog conversion on the output data of the equalization filtering process to obtain the restored data and output it to the corresponding physical media adaptation (PMA) interface.
  • PMA physical media adaptation
  • the clock unit is connected to an external reference clock.
  • the clock signal CLK0 is output to the analog-to-digital converter and the digital-to-analog converter
  • the clock signal CLK1 is output to the equalization filter module.
  • the clock frequency of the clock signal CLK0 meets The sampling requirements of the analog-to-digital converter and the digital-to-analog converter
  • the clock signal CLK1 meets the requirements for equalization and filtering of signals at different transmission rates.
  • the transmission rate of the service data is 10 Gbps and above, and the upper limit of the limited range may be the highest transmission rate of the service data.
  • the limited range may be 10 Gbps to 50 Gbps.
  • the receiving module includes a high transmission rate PD and a multiple transmission rate TIA.
  • the high transmission rate PD is determined according to the upper limit of the limited range, and the high transmission rate PD may be an avalanche photodiode.
  • the multi-transmission rate TIA is determined according to the transmission rate of all service data. For example, when the transmission rate of business data is 10Gbps, 25Gbps and 50Gbps, the receiving module includes 50Gbps PD and 10Gbps/25Gbps/50Gbps TIA. Among them, 50Gbps PD converts optical signals into current signals, and 10Gbps/25Gbps/50Gbps TIA converts current signals. Converted into a voltage signal.
  • the analog-to-digital converter is used to receive the voltage signal output by the multi-transmission rate TIA, and after the analog-to-digital conversion, the sampled signal is obtained.
  • the oversampling rate is a multiple p of the highest transmission rate
  • p is a positive integer
  • sampling rate oversampling rate p ⁇ maximum transmission rate.
  • p 2
  • the sampling rate is 100 Giga samples Per Second (GSa/s).
  • the number of sampling points is determined according to actual link conditions. For example, in order to reduce data errors and improve accuracy, you can also increase sampling points when sampling.
  • the equalization filter module is used to perform equalization filter processing on the sampled signal based on the transmission rate of the service data corresponding to the sampled signal, so as to realize bandwidth compensation and improve the signal-to-noise ratio.
  • the embodiment of the present invention sequentially performs analog-to-digital conversion, equalization filtering processing, and digital-to-analog conversion.
  • the sampling rate of the analog-to-digital conversion and the digital-to-analog conversion are the same. Restore a variety of high transmission rate business data, improve link performance, meet the requirements of the existing ODN network level, and do not need to use multiple LA and CDR chips, simplify the design and use of OLT optical modules, and make it easier to achieve smooth upgrades. Large-scale application.
  • the equalization filtering module is used to receive a rate selection signal used to indicate the transmission rate of the service data, control the sampling signal to enter the channel configured according to the transmission rate of the service data, and perform equalization processing and filtering and noise reduction processing in sequence .
  • the channels include a first channel for performing equalization processing, and a second channel for performing filtering and noise reduction processing.
  • the rate selection signal comes from a PON media access controller (Media Access Controller, MAC).
  • the sampled signal is subjected to Continuous Time Linear Equalization (CTLE) or nonlinear equalization processing, and the nonlinear equalization processing is Decision Feedback Equalization (DFE) or forward feedback equalization processing (Feed Forward Equalization, FFE).
  • CTLE Continuous Time Linear Equalization
  • DFE Decision Feedback Equalization
  • FFE Forward Equalization
  • the equalization parameters are adjusted according to the matching degree between the actual frequency response and the frequency domain model of the target channel transfer function.
  • the frequency domain model of the target channel transfer function is a set of graphs with different frequency points corresponding to different amplitudes.
  • the frequency domain model is preset, and different transmission rates have their own different frequency domain models.
  • the degree of matching is determined according to the frequency domain amplitude difference between the actual frequency response and the frequency domain model of the target channel transfer function.
  • the matching degree reaches or exceeds the threshold, and the frequency domain compensation peak value is within a predetermined range.
  • the comparator is used to perform time domain equalization processing on the sampled signal to obtain equalized data; perform Fourier transform on the equalized data to obtain real-time sampling frequency domain discrete data, where the real-time sampling frequency domain discrete data and the target channel transfer function
  • the frequency domain model of the frequency domain is the same; at each frequency point, calculate the frequency domain amplitude difference between the real-time sampling frequency domain discrete data and the frequency domain model of the target channel transfer function; record the frequency domain amplitude difference at each frequency point
  • the number of data points whose value is consistent with the average value of the frequency domain amplitude difference, and the ratio of the number of data points to the total number of data points is the degree of matching.
  • the frequency domain compensation peak value is the maximum change value of the frequency domain amplitude difference of each frequency point with respect to the frequency domain amplitude difference of the starting frequency point within the specified frequency interval, wherein the specified frequency interval includes the starting frequency point And the 3dB bandwidth frequency point after the start frequency point.
  • the equalization filter module includes a multi-channel equalization unit and a comparison unit.
  • the multi-channel equalization unit includes a first rate selection sub-unit and a plurality of first channels, each of the first channels There is an equalizer in both.
  • the multi-channel equalization unit includes M first channels, for example, M transmission rates correspond to M first channels one-to-one.
  • the frequency domain model of the target channel transfer function corresponding to the sample signal processed by the first channel includes a plurality of discrete data points.
  • the first rate selection subunit is used to receive the rate selection signal from the media access controller MAC and control the sampling signal to enter the corresponding equalizer.
  • the equalizer is used to perform equalization processing on the sampling signal provided by the first rate selection subunit.
  • the comparison unit includes a comparator and a model selection sub-unit
  • the model selection subunit is used to receive the rate selection signal from the MAC, and output the frequency domain model of the target channel transfer function corresponding to the first channel to the comparator;
  • the comparator is used to receive the rate selection signal from the MAC, calculate the actual frequency response and matching degree according to the frequency domain model of the target channel transfer function and the output data of the equalizer; and notify the equalizer to adjust the equalization parameters.
  • the first rate selection subunit controls and selects the first channel corresponding to the transmission rate through the Rsel signal from the PON MAC, and the equalizer outputs the equalized data signal to the comparator.
  • the comparator includes a data buffer unit, a Fourier transformer, a smoothing processing unit, and a comparison unit.
  • the input data is first stored in the data buffer unit (for example, 4096KByte) in sequence; then, the Fourier transformer will buffer the data Converted into discrete data in the frequency domain, and the number of discrete data points in the frequency domain is consistent with the number of discrete data points in the frequency domain model of the target channel transfer function; after that, the smoothing processing unit performs real-time analysis of the frequency output by the Fourier transformer.
  • the discrete data in the domain is averaged multiple times (for example, 100 times) to filter out the noise in the data to obtain a smoother frequency domain data curve; finally, the comparison unit will average the processed real-time sampling frequency domain discrete data and the target channel
  • the frequency domain model of the transfer function is compared.
  • the comparison method is to compare the curve shape trends of the two. If the curve shape trend conformity does not meet the requirements (that is, the match degree is less than 90%), adjust the equalization parameters of the equalizer; otherwise, , Do not adjust the equalization parameters of the equalizer.
  • FIG. 6a is a schematic diagram of the frequency domain model of the actual frequency response and the target channel transfer function in the first channel.
  • the real-time sampling frequency domain discrete data is the actual frequency response discrete data.
  • One method for the comparison unit to determine the degree of matching is as follows:
  • the set value can be the set percentage of the average value, such as 5%. It is approximately considered that the frequency domain amplitude difference on this frequency point is equal to the average value; otherwise, this frequency point The amplitude difference in the frequency domain is not equal to the average value.
  • the matching degree is greater than or equal to 90%, that is, the curve shape of the real-time sampling frequency domain discrete data is consistent with the curve shape of the frequency domain model of the target channel transfer function. Adjust the equalizer.
  • the matching degree is less than 90%, that is, the matching degree between the curve shape of the real-time sampling frequency domain discrete data and the curve shape of the frequency domain model of the target channel transfer function does not meet the requirements, and the equalizer needs to be adjusted.
  • a method for adjusting the equalization parameters of the equalizer is as follows:
  • step (1) of the above-mentioned matching degree judgment method From a set of frequency domain amplitude difference data obtained in step (1) of the above-mentioned matching degree judgment method, obtain the frequency domain amplitude difference of the specified frequency interval.
  • a certain frequency point before the 3dB bandwidth frequency point is taken as the starting frequency point of the specified frequency interval.
  • the starting frequency point is 10% of the corresponding frequency of the transmission rate
  • the specified frequency point is 10% of the corresponding frequency of the transmission rate.
  • the end frequency point of the frequency interval is the 3dB bandwidth frequency point, and the frequency domain amplitude difference data in this specified frequency interval is saved.
  • the frequency domain amplitude difference gradually increases as the frequency increases, or first gradually increases and then gradually decreases when the frequency point is close to the 3dB bandwidth, it means that there is an overshoot in the frequency response curve of the equalizer.
  • a certain level for example, 2dB
  • the control signal of the equalizer should be adjusted to reduce the frequency domain compensation peaking height, as shown in Figure 6b, to reduce the frequency response curve of the output data signal Overshoot in.
  • step (2) Repeat step (2) until the maximum relative increase or maximum relative decrease of the frequency domain amplitude difference meets the requirements, as shown in Figure 6c.
  • the matching degree reaches or exceeds the threshold, and the frequency domain compensation peak value in the specified frequency interval is within the set range (the frequency domain amplitude difference of the starting frequency point ⁇ 2dB).
  • the maximum relative increase or maximum relative decrease is the frequency domain compensation peak value.
  • the equalization filter module includes a multi-channel filter and noise reduction unit, and the multi-channel filter and noise reduction unit includes a second rate selection sub-unit and a plurality of second channels, and each second channel is provided with a low-pass filter and a serially connected low-pass filter. Noise reducer.
  • the second rate selection subunit is used to receive the rate selection signal from the MAC and control the output data of the comparator to enter the corresponding low-pass filter.
  • the low-pass filter is used to perform low-pass filter processing on the data provided by the second rate selection subunit.
  • the noise reducer is used to reduce the noise of the output data of the low-pass filter based on the noise reduction algorithm.
  • the noise reduction algorithm may be an average noise reduction algorithm, or other noise reduction algorithms, which are determined according to actual conditions.
  • the noise reduction algorithm may be an average noise reduction algorithm, or other noise reduction algorithms, which are determined according to actual conditions.
  • the noise of the n sampling points N1, N2...Nn will be averaged here: (N1+N2+... +Nn)/n to improve the signal-to-noise ratio.
  • the output data of the multi-channel filtering and noise reduction unit is sent to the DAC.
  • the first channel and the second channel in a channel correspond to a transmission rate.
  • the above-mentioned functional units can be implemented in a single chip, or can be implemented separately in independent chips, with flexible design and function tailoring according to actual conditions.
  • the signal processing flow of the equalization filter module includes:
  • the multi-channel equalization unit receives the output data of the ADC.
  • the first rate selection sub-unit determines which equalizer the output data of the ADC is output to according to the Rsel signal.
  • the equalizer is mainly used to compensate the voltage signal for bandwidth; then, the data that passes through the equalizer Sent to the comparison unit.
  • the model selection subunit in the comparison unit outputs the frequency domain model of the target channel transfer function corresponding to the Rsel signal to the comparator.
  • the comparator calculates the actual frequency response according to the output data of the equalizer, and compares the actual frequency response with the frequency of the target channel transfer function. Domain models are compared.
  • the second rate selection subunit sends the output data of the comparator to the corresponding low-pass filter according to Rsel for low-pass filtering; in order to further filter the noise, after the low-pass filter is processed, the noise is further reduced by the noise reduction algorithm , Improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal.
  • FIG. 7 is a signal receiving method provided by an embodiment of the application, which includes:
  • S110 receives an optical signal carrying service data, and converts the optical signal into a voltage signal, where the transmission rate of the service data is within a limited range.
  • S120 performs analog-to-digital conversion on the voltage signal to obtain a sampling signal, where the sampling rate is greater than the upper limit of the limited range.
  • S130 performs equalization filtering processing on the sampled signal according to the transmission rate of the service data.
  • S140 performs digital-to-analog conversion on the output data of the equalization filtering process to obtain the restored data and output it to the corresponding physical medium adaptation interface.
  • the multi-transmission rate signal receiving processing is completed, and the network performance requirements are met.
  • a rate selection signal used to indicate the transmission rate of the service data is received, and the sampling signal is controlled to enter a channel configured according to the transmission rate of the service data, and equalization processing and filtering and noise reduction processing are sequentially performed.
  • the equalization parameters are adjusted according to the degree of matching between the actual frequency response and the frequency domain model of the target channel transfer function.
  • the degree of matching is determined according to the frequency domain amplitude difference between the actual frequency response and the frequency domain model of the target channel transfer function
  • the calculation of the matching degree includes the following steps:
  • S210 performs time domain equalization processing on the sampled signal to obtain equalized data.
  • S220 performs Fourier transform on the equalized data to obtain real-time sampling frequency domain discrete data, where the real-time sampling frequency domain discrete data is the same as the frequency point of the frequency domain model of the target channel transfer function.
  • S230 calculates the frequency domain amplitude difference between the real-time sampling frequency domain discrete data and the frequency domain model of the target channel transfer function at each frequency point.
  • S240 records the number of data points where the frequency domain amplitude difference at each frequency point is consistent with the average value of the frequency domain amplitude difference, and the ratio of the number of data points to the total number of data points is the degree of matching.
  • the matching degree reaches or exceeds the threshold, and the frequency domain compensation peak value is within a predetermined range.
  • the frequency domain compensation peak value is the maximum change value of the frequency domain amplitude difference of each frequency point relative to the frequency domain amplitude difference of the starting frequency point within a specified frequency interval, where the specified frequency interval includes the starting frequency point And the 3dB bandwidth frequency point after the start frequency point.
  • low-pass filtering processing and noise reduction processing are sequentially performed on the output data of the equalization processing.
  • the 50Gbps PON upstream rate has three transmission rates of 10Gbps, 25Gbps and 50Gbps, and the highest transmission rate is 50Gbps, and these three transmission rates coexist in TDMA mode.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the application of the signal receiving system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the signal receiving system includes a high-speed analog-to-digital converter ADC, a three-channel equalization unit, a comparison unit, a three-channel filter noise reduction unit, a high-speed digital-to-analog converter DAC, and supporting Clock unit and PON MAC.
  • the sampling rate of ADC/DAC needs to be able to support signal processing of service data with the highest transmission rate of 50Gbps. For example, no matter whether the uplink transmission rate is 10Gbps, 25Gbps or 50Gbps, the sampling rate of ADC and DAC can be selected as 100GSa/s.
  • PON MAC provides the rate selection signal Rsel for the three-channel equalizer unit, the comparison unit and the three-channel filter and noise reduction unit respectively.
  • the clock unit provides a clock signal for each unit, the clock unit outputs the clock signal CLK0 to ADC and DAC, the clock CLK0 is to meet the sampling requirement of the highest transmission rate of 50Gbps.
  • the clock unit outputs the clock signal CLK1 to the three-channel equalization unit, the comparison unit, and the three-channel filtering and noise reduction unit. CLK1 meets the requirements for signal equalization and filtering at different service rates.
  • the transmission rate indicated by the Rsel signal from PON MAC is 50Gbps, and the signal receiving process is as follows:
  • the ADC receives the voltage signal output by the TIA with three transmission rates. According to the system requirements, the ADC can select 2 times the highest transmission rate as the sampling rate, that is, 100GSa/s.
  • the ADC performs data sampling on the voltage signal to obtain a sampling signal. In order to reduce the error of the data and improve the accuracy, the number of sampling points per bit of data is two points, which are then sent to the three-channel equalization unit.
  • the Rsel output by the PON MAC indicates a 50Gbps transmission rate.
  • the three-channel equalization unit selectively outputs the sampling signal output by the ADC to the equalizer configured according to the 50Gbps transmission rate for equalization processing according to the Rsel signal, and the data processed by the equalizer is sent to the comparison unit.
  • the model selection subunit selects the frequency domain model of the corresponding target signal transfer function according to the Rsel signal and outputs it to the comparator.
  • the comparator calculates the actual frequency response according to the output data of the equalizer, and compares the actual frequency response with the frequency domain model of the target signal transfer function. If the matching degree is less than 90%, the comparison result is fed back to the equalizer, and the equalizer According to the comparison result, the equalization parameters are adjusted by the device until the matching degree is greater than or equal to 90%; if the result matching degree is greater than or equal to 90%, it is directly output to the three-channel filtering noise reduction unit.
  • the three-channel filtering and noise reduction unit outputs the output data of the comparator to the low-pass filter configured according to the 50Gbps transmission rate according to the Rsel signal.
  • the low-pass filter performs low-pass filtering on the input signal to reduce noise to improve the signal quality; in order to further improve the signal quality and increase the signal-to-noise ratio, the signal passing through the low-pass filter enters the noise reducer 3, and the noise reduction process is performed again.
  • the DAC performs digital-to-analog conversion on the output data of the noise reducer to obtain the recovered data and output it to the 50Gbps PMA interface.
  • the signal receiving process of the 25Gbps transmission rate of business data is similar to that of the 50Gbps transmission rate.
  • the sampling rate of ADC and DAC can be selected as 100GSa/s. The main differences are:
  • the number of sampling points of ADC is 4 points, namely (50/25)*2;
  • the first rate selection subunit controls the sampling signal output by the ADC according to the Rsel signal to enter the equalizer configured according to the 25Gbps transmission rate for equalization processing;
  • the model selection subunit selects the frequency domain model of the target signal transfer function corresponding to the 25Gbps transmission rate according to the Rsel signal, and outputs it to the comparator;
  • the second rate selection subunit controls the output data of the comparator according to the Rsel signal to enter the low-pass filter configured according to the 25Gbps transmission rate for low-pass filtering;
  • the DAC performs digital-to-analog conversion on the output data of the noise reducer 2 to obtain the recovered data and output it to the 10Gbps PMA interface.
  • the signal receiving process of the service data at the transmission rate of 10Gbps is similar to that of the service data at the transmission rate of 50Gbps.
  • the sampling rate of ADC and DAC can be selected as 100GSa/s. The main differences are:
  • the number of sampling points of ADC is 10 points, that is (50/10)*2;
  • the first rate selection subunit controls the sampling signal output by the ADC according to the Rsel signal to enter the equalizer configured according to the 10Gbps transmission rate for equalization processing;
  • the model selection subunit selects the target signal transfer function corresponding to the 10Gbps transmission rate according to the Rsel signal, and outputs it to the comparator;
  • the second rate selection subunit controls the output data of the comparator according to the Rsel signal to enter the low-pass filter configured according to the 10Gbps transmission rate for low-pass filtering;
  • the DAC performs digital-to-analog conversion on the output data of the noise reducer 1 to obtain the recovered data and output it to the 10GbpsPMA interface.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种信号接收方法及系统，涉及通信技术领域。信号接收方法包括：接收携带业务数据的光信号，并将光信号转换成电压信号，其中，业务数据的传输速率处于限定范围内；对电压信号进行模数转换，得到采样信号，其中，采样速率大于限定范围的上限；根据业务数据的传输速率，对采样信号进行均衡滤波处理；对均衡滤波处理的输出数据进行数模转换，得到恢复数据并输出到相应的物理媒介适配接口。本发明能够接收多种传输速率的业务数据，并提高链路性能。

Description

一种信号接收方法及系统 技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域，具体是涉及一种信号接收方法及系统。
背景技术
随着大数据、云计算和物联网走向规模应用以及新型业务的驱动，数据流量成指数上升，这对网络的基础设施的承载能力提出更高的要求。作为光网络“最后一公里”的无源光网络(Passive Optical Network，PON)的带宽速率也必须提升，以匹配新型业务的带宽能力需求。参见图1的PON网络系统示意图，PON网络系统包括光线路终端(Optical Line Terminal，OLT)、光分配网络(Optical Distribution Network，ODN)和m个光网络单元(Optical Network Unit，ONU)，其中，OLT到ONU方向(下行方向)采用广播方式，ONU到OLT方向(上行方向)采用时分多址(Time Division Multiple Access，TDMA)方式进行通信。
目前，以太网无源光网络(Ethernet Passive Optical Network，EPON)/千兆比特无源光网络(Gigabit Passive Optical Network，GPON)已在现网中大规模部署，自2016年PON网络开始逐步升级为10G PON，包括10G EPON和XG PON(即10G-GPON)、XGS PON。
在业务和竞争力的驱动下，50G-PON已在国际电信联盟电信标准化部门(International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunication Standardization Sector，ITU-T)和电气和电子工程师协会(Institute of  Electrical and Electronics Engineers，IEEE)标准组织立项讨论，IEEE802.3ca是50G-EPON标准，已发布D2.0版本，该标准下行支持单通道25千兆比特每秒(gigabits per second，Gbps)和50Gbps(2*25G)传输速率、上行支持10Gbps、25Gbps和50Gbps(2*25G)传输速率；ITU-T G.hsp.50Gpmd是50G-GPON物理层标准，正在讨论制定中，该标准下行支持单通道50Gbps传输速率、上行支持10Gbps、25Gbps和50Gbps传输速率。
由此可见，随着PON单通道传输速率的提升，PON系统的上行方向存在多种高传输速率信号共存的场景，OLT光接收端需要支持多种高传输速率信号的接收功能，例如10Gbps、25Gbps和50Gbps。但是，对于10Gbps及以上多种高传输速率信号的接收，尤其是三个及以上传输速率，目前还没有成熟的方案。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的缺陷，本发明的目的在于提供一种信号接收方法及系统，接收多种传输速率的业务数据，并提高链路性能。
本发明提供一种信号接收方法，其包括：
接收携带业务数据的光信号，并将光信号转换成电压信号，其中，业务数据的传输速率处于限定范围内；
对所述电压信号进行模数转换，得到采样信号，其中，采样速率大于所述限定范围的上限；
根据业务数据的传输速率，对所述采样信号进行均衡滤波处理；
对所述均衡滤波处理的输出数据进行数模转换，得到恢复数据并输出到相应的物理媒介适配接口。
在上述技术方案的基础上，接收用于指示所述业务数据的传输速率的速率选择信号，控制所述采样信号进入根据所述业务数据的传输速率配置的通道，依次进行均衡处理和滤波降噪处理。
在上述技术方案的基础上，在所述均衡处理中，均衡参数根据实际频率响应与目标信道传递函数的频域模型之间的匹配度进行调整。
在上述技术方案的基础上，所述匹配度根据所述实际频率响应与所述目标信道传递函数的频域模型之间的频域幅值差值确定；
所述均衡参数调整后，所述匹配度达到或者超过阈值，且频域补偿峰值处于预定范围内。
在上述技术方案的基础上，对所述采样信号进行时域均衡处理，得到均衡后的数据；
对均衡后的数据进行傅里叶变换，得到实时采样频域离散数据，其中，实时采样频域离散数据与所述目标信道传递函数的频域模型的频点相同；
在各个频点上，计算实时采样频域离散数据与所述目标信道传递函数的频域模型的频域幅值差值；
记录各个频点上的频域幅值差值与频域幅值差值的平均值一致的数据点个数，数据点个数与数据点总数的比率为所述匹配度。
在上述技术方案的基础上，所述频域补偿峰值是在指定频率区间内，各个频点的所述频域幅值差值相对于开始频点的所述频域幅值差值的最大变化值，其中，所述指定频率区间包括开始频点以及开始频点之后的3dB带宽频点。
在上述技术方案的基础上，在所述滤波降噪处理中，对所述均衡处理的输出数据依次进行低通滤波处理和降噪处理。
本发明还提供一种信号接收系统，其包括：
接收模块，其用于接收携带业务数据的光信号，并将光信号转换成电压信号，其中，业务数据的传输速率处于限定范围内；
模数转换器，其用于对所述电压信号进行模数转换，得到采样信号，其中，采样速率大于所述限定范围的上限；
均衡滤波模块，其用于根据业务数据的传输速率，对所述采样信号进行均衡滤波处理；
数模转换器，其用于对所述均衡滤波处理的输出数据进行数模转换，得到恢复数据并输出到相应的物理媒介适配接口。
在上述技术方案的基础上，所述均衡滤波模块用于接收用于指示所述业务数据的传输速率的速率选择信号，控制所述采样信号进入根据所述业务数据的传输速率配置的通道，依次进行均衡处理和滤波降噪处理。
在上述技术方案的基础上，在所述均衡处理中，均衡参数根据实际频率响应与目标信道传递函数的频域模型的匹配度进行调整。
在上述技术方案的基础上，所述匹配度根据所述实际频率响应与所述目标信道传递函数的频域模型之间的频域幅值差值确定；
所述均衡参数调整后，所述匹配度达到或者超过阈值，且频域补偿峰值处于预定范围内。
在上述技术方案的基础上，所述通道包括用于进行所述均衡处理的第一通道，以及用于进行所述滤波降噪处理的第二通道；
所述均衡滤波模块包括多通道均衡单元和比较单元，多通道均衡单元包括第一速率选择子单元和多条所述第一通道，每条所述第一通道中均设有均衡器；
所述第一速率选择子单元用于从媒体接入控制器MAC接收所述 速率选择信号，并控制所述采样信号进入对应的所述均衡器；
所述均衡器用于对所述第一速率选择子单元提供的所述采样信号进行所述均衡处理；
所述比较单元包括比较器和模型选择子单元；
所述模型选择子单元用于从MAC接收所述速率选择信号，并输出所述第一通道对应的所述目标信道传递函数的频域模型到所述比较器；
所述比较器用于从MAC接收所述速率选择信号，根据所述目标信道传递函数的频域模型以及所述均衡器的输出数据，计算所述实际频率响应和所述匹配度；以及通知所述均衡器调整所述均衡参数。
在上述技术方案的基础上，所述比较器用于对所述采样信号进行时域均衡处理，得到均衡后的数据；对均衡后的数据进行傅里叶变换，得到实时采样频域离散数据，其中，实时采样频域离散数据与所述目标信道传递函数的频域模型的频点相同；在各个频点上，计算实时采样频域离散数据与所述目标信道传递函数的频域模型的频域幅值差值；记录各个频点上的频域幅值差值与频域幅值差值的平均值一致的数据点个数，数据点个数与数据点总数的比率为所述匹配度。
在上述技术方案的基础上，所述频域补偿峰值是在指定频率区间内，各个频点的所述频域幅值差值相对于开始频点的所述频域幅值差值的最大变化值，其中，所述指定频率区间包括开始频点以及开始频点之后的3dB带宽频点。
在上述技术方案的基础上，所述均衡滤波模块包括多通道滤波降噪单元，所述多通道滤波降噪单元包括第二速率选择子单元和多条所述第二通道，每条所述第二通道中设有依次相连的低通滤波器 和降噪器；
所述第二速率选择子单元用于从MAC接收所述速率选择信号，并控制所述比较器的输出数据进入对应的所述低通滤波器；
所述低通滤波器用于对所述第二速率选择子单元提供的数据进行低通滤波处理；
所述降噪器用于基于降噪算法对所述低通滤波器的输出数据进行降噪处理。
与现有技术相比，本发明实施例的信号接收方法，其包括：接收携带业务数据的光信号，并将光信号转换成电压信号，其中，业务数据的传输速率处于限定范围内；对电压信号进行模数转换，得到采样信号，其中，采样速率大于限定范围的上限；根据业务数据的传输速率，对采样信号进行均衡滤波处理；对均衡滤波处理的输出数据进行数模转换，得到恢复数据并输出到相应的物理媒介适配接口，能够接收多种传输速率的业务数据，并提高链路性能。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是PON网络系统示意图；
图2是一种TDMA方式下1Gbps/10Gbps双传输速率信号接收方案的示意图；
图3是一种TDMA方式下10Gbps/25Gbps/50Gbps三传输速率信号接收方案的示意图；
图4是本发明实施例信号接收系统示意图；
图5是本发明实施例的均衡滤波模块的示意图；
图6a是第一通道中，实际频率响应与目标信道传递函数的频域模型的示意图；
图6b是通过调整均衡器的控制信号降低其频域补偿peaking高度的示意图；
图6c是调整后的实际频率响应与目标信道传递函数的频域模型的示意图；
图7是本发明实施例信号接收方法流程图；
图8是本发明实施例信号接收系统的应用示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图及具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详细描述。
为了保护网络投资和不影响现有用户的业务，对于OLT升级的形式，运营商主流采用组合(COMBO)的方式，即OLT的光模块支持多速率发送和多速率接收功能，例如1Gbps/10Gbps或者2.5Gbps/10Gbps双传输速率。
对于PON上行方向采用TDMA方式来说，图2是一种TDMA方式下1Gbps/10Gbps双传输速率信号接收方案的示意图，多个ONU在指定波长上不同的时隙中向OLT发送携带业务数据的光信号，业务数据的传输速率为1Gbps和10Gbps。光信号经过10Gbps光电二极管(Photo Diode，PD)，被转换成电流信号，1Gbps/10Gbps跨阻放大器(Trans-Impedance Amplifier，TIA)将电流信号转换成电压信号。1Gbps传输速率的业务数据的电压信号经过1Gbps压缩限幅放大器(Limiting Amplifier，LA)，然后输出到1Gbps物理媒介适配(Physical Medium Attachment，PMA)接口。10Gbps传输速率的业务数据的电压信号经过10Gbps LA，然后输出到10Gbps PMA接口。
在图2中，OLT侧采用同一光组件接收多种10Gbps及以下传输速率信号。随着PON单通道传输速率的不断提升，如果OLT侧采用同一光组件接收多种10Gbps以上高传输速率信号，例如10Gbps、25Gbps和50Gbps，这就要求同一个OLT光模块满足10Gbps、25Gbps和50Gbps传输速率的性能指标的要求。
图3所示为一种TDMA方式下10Gbps/25Gbps/50Gbps三传输速率信号接收方案的示意图，光信号经过50Gbps PD后转换成电流信号，10Gbps/25Gbps/50Gbps TIA将电流信号转换成电压信号。电压信号经过放大数据时钟恢复单元，然后输出到相应的PMA接口。
在放大数据时钟恢复单元中，由于10Gbps、25Gbps和50Gbps传输速率不同，不但需要各种传输速率的LA芯片，而且传输速率为10Gbps以上时，例如25Gbps和50Gbps传输速率，还需要使用时钟数据恢复(Clock Data Recovery，CDR)芯片进行处理。
图3的接收方案存在的问题包括：
第一，用同一50Gbps PD光器件接收携带多种高传输速率的业务数据的光信号，可以保证50Gbps传输速率下光链路性能，但25Gbps和10Gbps传输速率下信号存在不同程度的灵敏度损失，LA和CDR芯片不能对信号进行较好的补偿，导致25Gbps和10Gbps传输速率下光链路性能不同程度的劣化，难以满足现有ODN网络的链路等级性能要求。
第二，受OLT光模块的尺寸限制，导致OLT光模块的空间布局紧张，多种信号的电磁干扰和散热困难等问题。
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种信号接收系统，信号接收系统包括接收模块、模数转换器、均衡滤波模块和数模转换器。
接收模块用于接收携带业务数据的光信号，并将光信号转换成 电压信号，其中，业务数据的传输速率处于限定范围内。
模数转换器(Analog-Digital Converter，ADC)用于对电压信号进行模数转换，得到采样信号，其中，采样速率大于限定范围的上限。
均衡滤波模块用于根据业务数据的传输速率，对采样信号进行均衡滤波处理。
数模转换器(Digital-Analog Converter，DAC)用于对均衡滤波处理的输出数据进行数模转换，得到恢复数据并输出到相应的物理媒介适配(PMA)接口。
在OLT主板中，时钟单元外接参考时钟，经过倍频后分别输出时钟信号CLK0到模数转换器和数模转换器，以及输出时钟信号CLK1到均衡滤波模块，其中，时钟信号CLK0的时钟频率满足模数转换器和数模转换器的采样要求，时钟信号CLK1满足不同传输速率下信号进行均衡滤波的要求。
具体的，业务数据的传输速率为10Gbps及以上，限定范围的上限可以是业务数据的最高传输速率，例如传输速率分别为10Gbps、25Gbps和50Gbps的业务数据，限定范围可以为10Gbps到50Gbps。
接收模块包括高传输速率PD和多传输速率TIA，高传输速率PD根据限定范围的上限确定，高传输速率PD可以是雪崩光电二级管。多传输速率TIA根据所有业务数据的传输速率确定。例如，当业务数据的传输速率为10Gbps、25Gbps和50Gbps时，接收模块包括50Gbps PD和10Gbps/25Gbps/50Gbps TIA，其中，50Gbps PD将光信号转换成电流信号，10Gbps/25Gbps/50Gbps TIA将电流信号转换成电压信号。
模数转换器用于接收多传输速率TIA输出的电压信号，经过模 数转换，得到采样信号。模数转换中的过采样率可以为限定范围的上限的倍数p，采样速率＝过采样率×限定范围的上限。当限定范围的上限为业务数据的最高传输速率时，过采样率即最高传输速率的倍数p，p为正整数，且p≥2，采样速率＝过采样率p×最高传输速率。例如，对于最高传输速率50Gbps，p＝2，采样速率为每秒千兆次采样100(Giga samples Per Second，GSa/s)。
对具有最高传输速率的业务数据的电压信号采样n个点/比特位，n＝p＝2，即对于每比特位数据，得到两个采样点。
对具有较低传输速率的业务数据的电压信号，对于每比特位数据，采样点的数量
Figure PCTCN2020100796-appb-000001
或者，采样点的数量n根据实际链路情况确定。例如，为了减小数据的误差，提高精确度，还可以在采样的时候增加采样点。
均衡滤波模块用于基于采样信号对应的业务数据的传输速率，对采样信号进行均衡滤波处理，以实现带宽补偿，并提高信噪比。
本发明实施例根据多传输速率TIA输出的每个电压信号对应的业务数据的传输速率，依次进行模数转换、均衡滤波处理和数模转换，模数转换和数模转换的采样速率相同，可以恢复多种高传输速率的业务数据，提高链路性能，达到现有ODN网络等级的要求，而且无需使用多种LA和CDR芯片，简化OLT光模块的设计和使用，更容易实现平滑升级，适合大规模应用。
作为一个可选的实施方式，均衡滤波模块用于接收用于指示业务数据的传输速率的速率选择信号，控制采样信号进入根据业务数据的传输速率配置的通道，依次进行均衡处理和滤波降噪处理。
进一步的，通道包括用于进行均衡处理的第一通道，以及用于进行滤波降噪处理的第二通道。
具体的，在OLT主板中，速率选择信号来自PON媒体接入控制器(Media Access Controller，MAC)。在第一通道中，对采样信号进行连续时间线性均衡(Continuous Time Linear Equalization，CTLE)或者非线性均衡处理，非线性均衡处理为判决反馈均衡处理(Decision Feedback Equalization，DFE)或者前向反馈均衡处理(Feed Forward Equalization，FFE)。
优选的，在均衡处理中，均衡参数根据实际频率响应与目标信道传递函数的频域模型的匹配度进行调整。
目标信道传递函数的频域模型是一组不同频率点对应不同幅值的曲线图，该频域模型是预先设定的，且不同的传输速率有各自不同的频域模型。
进一步的，匹配度根据实际频率响应与目标信道传递函数的频域模型之间的频域幅值差值确定。
均衡参数调整后，匹配度达到或者超过阈值，且频域补偿峰值处于预定范围内。
比较器用于对采样信号进行时域均衡处理，得到均衡后的数据；对均衡后的数据进行傅里叶变换，得到实时采样频域离散数据，其中，实时采样频域离散数据与目标信道传递函数的频域模型的频点相同；在各个频点上，计算实时采样频域离散数据与目标信道传递函数的频域模型的频域幅值差值；记录各个频点上的频域幅值差值与频域幅值差值的平均值一致的数据点个数，数据点个数与数据点总数的比率为匹配度。
进一步的，频域补偿峰值是在指定频率区间内，各个频点的频域幅值差值相对于开始频点的频域幅值差值的最大变化值，其中，指定频率区间包括开始频点以及开始频点之后的3dB带宽频点。
图5是本发明实施例的均衡滤波模块的一个示意图，均衡滤波模块包括多通道均衡单元和比较单元，多通道均衡单元包括第一速率选择子单元和多条第一通道，每条第一通道中均设有均衡器。
具体的，多通道均衡单元包括M条第一通道，例如，M个传输速率与M条第一通道一一对应。第一通道所处理的采样信号对应的目标信道传递函数的频域模型包括多个离散数据点。
第一速率选择子单元用于从媒体接入控制器MAC接收速率选择信号，并控制采样信号进入对应的均衡器。
均衡器用于对第一速率选择子单元提供的采样信号进行均衡处理。
比较单元包括比较器和模型选择子单元；
模型选择子单元用于从MAC接收速率选择信号，并输出第一通道对应的目标信道传递函数的频域模型到比较器；
比较器用于从MAC接收速率选择信号，根据目标信道传递函数的频域模型以及均衡器的输出数据，计算实际频率响应和匹配度；以及通知均衡器调整均衡参数。
具体的，第一速率选择子单元通过来自PON MAC的Rsel信号控制和选择与传输速率相对应的第一通道，均衡器将均衡后数据信号输出给比较器。
比较器包括数据缓存单元、傅里叶变换器、平滑处理单元和比对单元，其中，输入数据首先依序保存在数据缓存单元中(例如4096KByte)；然后，傅里叶变换器将缓存的数据转换成频域离散数据，且频域离散数据的数据点个数与目标信道传递函数的频域模型的离散数据点个数一致；之后，平滑处理单元实时对傅里叶变换器输出的频域离散数据进行多次平均(例如100次)处理，滤除数据中 的噪声，得到较光滑的频域数据曲线；最后，比对单元将经平均处理后的实时采样频域离散数据与目标信道传递函数的频域模型进行比对，比对的方式是比较两者的曲线形状趋势，若曲线形状趋势符合度不满足要求(即匹配度小于90％)，则调整均衡器的均衡参数；否则，不调整均衡器的均衡参数。
具体而言，图6a是第一通道中，实际频率响应与目标信道传递函数的频域模型的示意图，实时采样频域离散数据是实际频率响应的离散数据。
比较单元判断匹配度的一种方法如下：
(1)在各个频点上，计算实时采样频域离散数据与目标信道传递函数的频域模型的频域幅值差值，得到一组频域幅值差值数据。
(2)按频点大小顺序依次比较各个频点上的频域幅值差值与频域幅值差值的平均值是否一致，一种可能的比较方法如下：
先计算出频域幅值差值的平均值，然后比较各个频点上的频域幅值差值与该平均值是否近似相等，例如，若某个频点上的频域幅值差值与平均值的相对偏差小于设定值，设定值可以是平均值的设定百分比，例如5％，则近似认为此频点上的频域幅值差值与平均值相等；否则，此频点上的频域幅值差值与平均值不相等。
(3)记录各个频点上的频域幅值差值与平均值近似相等的数据点个数K，K与数据点总数的比率即匹配度。
若K与数据点总数的比率大于或者等于90％，则认为匹配度≥90％，即实时采样频域离散数据的曲线形状与目标信道传递函数的频域模型的曲线形状是符合的，则不调整均衡器。
反之，匹配度小于90％，即实时采样频域离散数据的曲线形状与目标信道传递函数的频域模型的曲线形状的匹配度不满足要求， 则需要调整均衡器。
具体而言，均衡器的均衡参数的一种调整方法如下：
(4)从上述匹配度的判断方法中第(1)步所得到的一组频域幅值差值数据中，获取指定频率区间的频域幅值差值。
具体的，在目标信道传递函数的频域模型中，将3dB带宽频点之前的某个频点作为指定频率区间的开始频点，例如，开始频点为传输速率的对应频率的10％，指定频率区间的终止频点为3dB带宽频点，保存此指定频率区间内的频域幅值差值数据。
(5)分析上述指定频率区间内的频域幅值差值数据的变化趋势，并依此调整均衡器的频域补偿峰值(peaking)高度：
(a)若随着频率的增加，频域幅值差值逐渐增加，或者，先逐渐增加再在接近3dB带宽频率点时逐渐下降，则说明均衡器的频响曲线中存在过冲。与开始频点的频域幅值差值相比，当频域幅值差值的最大相对增加量超过一定程度时(例如2dB)，可认为频响曲线的过冲量偏大，如图6a所示，也即均衡器的频域补偿peaking高度过大，此时，应调整均衡器的控制信号降低其频域补偿peaking高度，如图6b所示，进而减小其输出数据信号的频响曲线中的过冲。
(b)若随着频率的增加，频域幅值差值逐渐减小，与开始频点的频域幅值差值相比，当频域幅值差值的最大相对减小量超过一定程度时(例如2dB)，可认为频响曲线的下降速度过快，带宽不足，也即均衡器的频域补偿peaking高度过小，此时，应调整均衡器的控制信号增大其频域补偿peaking高度，进而增加频响曲线下降速度过快区间的频域幅值，降低频域幅值差值的最大相对减小量，从而提升信号的带宽。
(6)对第(2)步骤进行循环操作，直至频域幅值差值的最大相对增 加量或最大相对减小量满足要求为止，如图6c所示。匹配度达到或者超过阈值，且在指定频率区间的频域补偿峰值处于设定范围(开始频点的频域幅值差值±2dB)内。
在指定频率区间内，最大相对增加量或最大相对减小量即频域补偿峰值。
进一步的，均衡滤波模块包括多通道滤波降噪单元，多通道滤波降噪单元包括第二速率选择子单元和多条第二通道，每条第二通道中设有依次相连的低通滤波器和降噪器。
第二速率选择子单元用于从MAC接收速率选择信号，并控制比较器的输出数据进入对应的低通滤波器。
低通滤波器用于对第二速率选择子单元提供的数据进行低通滤波处理。
降噪器用于基于降噪算法对低通滤波器的输出数据进行降噪处理。
具体的，降噪算法可以是平均法降噪算法，也可以是其他降噪算法，根据实际情况确定。使用平均法降噪算法时，若ADC采样了n个点，则此处对n个采样点N1、N2......Nn的噪声进行平均处理：(N1+N2+......+Nn)/n，以提升信噪比。
多通道滤波降噪单元输出数据发送至DAC。
在图5中，一条通道中的第一通道和第二通道对应一个传输速率。
上述各功能单元可在一颗芯片内实现，也可是独立的芯片单独实现，根据实际情况灵活设计和功能裁剪。
均衡滤波模块的信号处理流程包括：
多通道均衡单元接收ADC的输出数据，第一速率选择子单元根 据Rsel信号判别ADC的输出数据输出到哪个均衡器中，均衡器主要用于对电压信号进行带宽补偿；然后，经过均衡器的数据送入比较单元。比较单元中的模型选择子单元根据Rsel信号输出对应的目标信道传递函数的频域模型到比较器，比较器根据均衡器的输出数据计算实际频率响应，将实际频率响应与目标信道传递函数的频域模型进行比较。如果比较得到的匹配度＜90％，则再次返回到均衡器，重新进行均衡处理；若比较得到的匹配度≥90％，则判定均衡器的输出数据达到要求，输出至多通道滤波降噪单元。第二速率选择子单元根据Rsel把比较器的输出数据送入对应的低通滤波器进行低通滤波处理；为了进一步对噪声进行过滤，低通滤波器处理后，再通过降噪算法进一步降低噪声，提高信号的信噪比。
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种信号接收方法，其包括：
S110接收携带业务数据的光信号，并将光信号转换成电压信号，其中，业务数据的传输速率处于限定范围内。
S120对电压信号进行模数转换，得到采样信号，其中，采样速率大于限定范围的上限。
S130根据业务数据的传输速率，对采样信号进行均衡滤波处理。
S140对均衡滤波处理的输出数据进行数模转换，得到恢复数据并输出到相应的物理媒介适配接口。
经过以上步骤，完成多传输速率信号接收处理，达到网络性能要求。
作为一个可选的实施方式，接收用于指示业务数据的传输速率的速率选择信号，控制采样信号进入根据业务数据的传输速率配置的通道，依次进行均衡处理和滤波降噪处理。
优选的，在均衡处理中，均衡参数根据实际频率响应与目标信道传递函数的频域模型之间的匹配度进行调整。
进一步的，匹配度根据实际频率响应与目标信道传递函数的频域模型之间的频域幅值差值确定；
具体的，匹配度的计算包括以下步骤：
S210对采样信号进行时域均衡处理，得到均衡后的数据。
S220对均衡后的数据进行傅里叶变换，得到实时采样频域离散数据，其中，实时采样频域离散数据与目标信道传递函数的频域模型的频点相同。
S230在各个频点上，计算实时采样频域离散数据与目标信道传递函数的频域模型的频域幅值差值。
S240记录各个频点上的频域幅值差值与频域幅值差值的平均值一致的数据点个数，数据点个数与数据点总数的比率为匹配度。
进一步的，均衡参数调整后，匹配度达到或者超过阈值，且频域补偿峰值处于预定范围内。
具体的，频域补偿峰值是在指定频率区间内，各个频点的频域幅值差值相对于开始频点的频域幅值差值的最大变化值，其中，指定频率区间包括开始频点以及开始频点之后的3dB带宽频点。
优选的，在滤波降噪处理中，对均衡处理的输出数据依次进行低通滤波处理和降噪处理。
以单通道50Gbps PON系统为例，根据G.hsp.req标准要求，50Gbps PON上行速率为10Gbps、25Gbps和50Gbps三种传输速率，最高传输速率为50Gbps，且这三种传输速率以TDMA方式共存。
图8所示为本发明实施例信号接收系统的应用示意图，信号接收系统包括高速模数转换器ADC、三通道均衡单元、比较单元、三 通道滤波降噪单元、高速数模转换器DAC、配套的时钟单元以及PON MAC。其中，ADC/DAC的采样速率需能支持50Gbps最高传输速率的业务数据的信号处理，例如，无论上行传输速率是10Gbps、25Gbps还是50Gbps，ADC和DAC的采样速率都可选为100GSa/s。PON MAC分别为三通道均衡器单元、比较单元和三通道滤波降噪单元提供速率选择信号Rsel。
时钟单元为各单元提供时钟信号，时钟单元输出时钟信号CLK0到ADC和DAC，时钟CLK0是为了满足50Gbps最高传输速率的采样需要。时钟单元输出时钟信号CLK1到三通道均衡单元、比较单元和三通道滤波降噪单元，CLK1满足不同业务速率下信号进行均衡滤波的要求。
当业务数据的传输速率为50Gbps时，来自PON MAC的Rsel信号指示的传输速率是50Gbps，信号接收流程如下：
首先，ADC接收三传输速率TIA输出的电压信号，根据系统要求ADC可选择最高传输速率的2倍作为采样速率，即100GSa/s。ADC对该电压信号进行数据采样，得到采样信号。为了减小数据的误差与提高精确度，每比特位数据的采样点数为两个点，随后送入三通道均衡单元。
此时，PON MAC输出的Rsel指示的是50Gbps传输速率。三通道均衡单元根据Rsel信号将ADC输出的采样信号选择性地输出至根据50Gbps传输速率配置的均衡器进行均衡处理，该均衡器处理后的数据送入比较单元。
然后，模型选择子单元根据Rsel信号，选择对应的目标信号传递函数的频域模型并输出至比较器。比较器根据该均衡器的输出数据计算实际频率响应，将实际频率响应与目标信号传递函数的频域模型 进行比对，如果匹配度＜90％，则将比较结果反馈给该均衡器，该均衡器根据比较结果再调整均衡参数，直至匹配度≥90％；如果结果匹配度≥90％，则直接向后输出至三通道滤波降噪单元。
三通道滤波降噪单元根据Rsel信号将比较器的输出数据输出至根据50Gbps传输速率配置的低通滤波器。该低通滤波器对输入信号进行低通滤波降噪，改善信号质量；为了进一步改善信号质量和提升信噪比，经过该低通滤波器的信号进入降噪器3，再次进行降噪处理。
DAC对降噪器的输出数据进行数模转换，得到恢复数据并输出到50Gbps PMA接口。
通过以上流程，完成上行50Gbps信号的接收处理及传输。
25Gbps传输速率的业务数据的信号接收流程与50Gbps传输速率的业务数据类似，ADC和DAC的采样速率都可选为100GSa/s，主要区别在于：
1)来自PON MAC的Rsel信号指示的传输速率是25Gbps；
2)ADC的采样点数为4个点，即(50/25)*2；
3)第一速率选择子单元根据Rsel信号控制ADC输出的采样信号进入根据25Gbps传输速率配置的均衡器进行均衡处理；
4)模型选择子单元根据Rsel信号，选择25Gbps传输速率对应的目标信号传递函数的频域模型，并输出至比较器；
5)第二速率选择子单元根据Rsel信号控制比较器的输出数据进入根据25Gbps传输速率配置的低通滤波器进行低通滤波处理；
6)在降噪器2进行降噪处理时，采用公式(N1+N2+N3+N4)/4进行平均法降噪处理；
7)DAC对降噪器2的输出数据进行数模转换，得到恢复数据，并输出到10Gbps PMA接口。
通过以上流程，完成上行25Gbps信号的接收处理及传输。
10Gbps传输速率的业务数据的信号接收流程与50Gbps传输速率的业务数据类似，ADC和DAC的采样速率都可选为100GSa/s，主要区别在于：
1)来自PON MAC的Rsel信号指示的传输速率是10Gbps；
2)ADC的采样点数为10个点，即(50/10)*2；
3)第一速率选择子单元根据Rsel信号控制ADC输出的采样信号进入根据10Gbps传输速率配置的均衡器进行均衡处理；
4)模型选择子单元根据Rsel信号，选择10Gbps传输速率对应的目标信号传递函数，并输出至比较器；
5)第二速率选择子单元根据Rsel信号控制比较器的输出数据进入根据10Gbps传输速率配置的低通滤波器进行低通滤波处理；
6)在降噪器1进行降噪处理时，采用公式(N1+N2+......+N10)/10进行平均法降噪处理；
7)DAC对降噪器1的输出数据进行数模转换，得到恢复数据并输出到10G bpsPMA接口。
通过以上流程，完成上行10Gbps信号的接收处理及传输。
本发明不局限于上述实施方式，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也视为本发明的保护范围之内。本说明书中未作详细描述的内容属于本领域专业技术人员公知的现有技术。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种信号接收方法，其特征在于，其包括：
    接收携带业务数据的光信号，并将光信号转换成电压信号，其中，业务数据的传输速率处于限定范围内；
    对所述电压信号进行模数转换，得到采样信号，其中，采样速率大于所述限定范围的上限；
    根据业务数据的传输速率，对所述采样信号进行均衡滤波处理；
    对所述均衡滤波处理的输出数据进行数模转换，得到恢复数据并输出到相应的物理媒介适配接口。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的信号接收方法，其特征在于：
    接收用于指示所述业务数据的传输速率的速率选择信号，控制所述采样信号进入根据所述业务数据的传输速率配置的通道，依次进行均衡处理和滤波降噪处理。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的信号接收方法，其特征在于：
    在所述均衡处理中，均衡参数根据实际频率响应与目标信道传递函数的频域模型之间的匹配度进行调整。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的信号接收方法，其特征在于：
    所述匹配度根据所述实际频率响应与所述目标信道传递函数的频域模型之间的频域幅值差值确定；
    所述均衡参数调整后，所述匹配度达到或者超过阈值，且频域补偿峰值处于预定范围内。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的信号接收方法，其特征在于：
    对所述采样信号进行时域均衡处理，得到均衡后的数据；
    对均衡后的数据进行傅里叶变换，得到实时采样频域离散数据， 其中，实时采样频域离散数据与所述目标信道传递函数的频域模型的频点相同；
    在各个频点上，计算实时采样频域离散数据与所述目标信道传递函数的频域模型的频域幅值差值；
    记录各个频点上的频域幅值差值与频域幅值差值的平均值一致的数据点个数，数据点个数与数据点总数的比率为所述匹配度。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的信号接收方法，其特征在于：
    所述频域补偿峰值是在指定频率区间内，各个频点的所述频域幅值差值相对于开始频点的所述频域幅值差值的最大变化值，其中，所述指定频率区间包括开始频点以及开始频点之后的3dB带宽频点。
  7. 如权利要求2所述的信号接收方法，其特征在于：
    在所述滤波降噪处理中，对所述均衡处理的输出数据依次进行低通滤波处理和降噪处理。
  8. 一种信号接收系统，其特征在于，其包括：
    接收模块，其用于接收携带业务数据的光信号，并将光信号转换成电压信号，其中，业务数据的传输速率处于限定范围内；
    模数转换器，其用于对所述电压信号进行模数转换，得到采样信号，其中，采样速率大于所述限定范围的上限；
    均衡滤波模块，其用于根据业务数据的传输速率，对所述采样信号进行均衡滤波处理；
    数模转换器，其用于对所述均衡滤波处理的输出数据进行数模转换，得到恢复数据并输出到相应的物理媒介适配接口。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的信号接收系统，其特征在于：
    所述均衡滤波模块用于接收用于指示所述业务数据的传输速率的速率选择信号，控制所述采样信号进入根据所述业务数据的传输 速率配置的通道，依次进行均衡处理和滤波降噪处理。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的信号接收系统，其特征在于：
    在所述均衡处理中，均衡参数根据实际频率响应与目标信道传递函数的频域模型的匹配度进行调整。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的信号接收系统，其特征在于：
    所述匹配度根据所述实际频率响应与所述目标信道传递函数的频域模型之间的频域幅值差值确定；
    所述均衡参数调整后，所述匹配度达到或者超过阈值，且频域补偿峰值处于预定范围内。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的信号接收系统，其特征在于：
    所述通道包括用于进行所述均衡处理的第一通道，以及用于进行所述滤波降噪处理的第二通道；
    所述均衡滤波模块包括多通道均衡单元和比较单元，多通道均衡单元包括第一速率选择子单元和多条所述第一通道，每条所述第一通道中均设有均衡器；
    所述第一速率选择子单元用于从媒体接入控制器MAC接收所述速率选择信号，并控制所述采样信号进入对应的所述均衡器；
    所述均衡器用于对所述第一速率选择子单元提供的所述采样信号进行所述均衡处理；
    所述比较单元包括比较器和模型选择子单元；
    所述模型选择子单元用于从MAC接收所述速率选择信号，并输出所述第一通道对应的所述目标信道传递函数的频域模型到所述比较器；
    所述比较器用于从MAC接收所述速率选择信号，根据所述目标信道传递函数的频域模型以及所述均衡器的输出数据，计算所述实 际频率响应和所述匹配度；以及通知所述均衡器调整所述均衡参数。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的信号接收系统，其特征在于：
    所述比较器用于对所述采样信号进行时域均衡处理，得到均衡后的数据；对均衡后的数据进行傅里叶变换，得到实时采样频域离散数据，其中，实时采样频域离散数据与所述目标信道传递函数的频域模型的频点相同；在各个频点上，计算实时采样频域离散数据与所述目标信道传递函数的频域模型的频域幅值差值；记录各个频点上的频域幅值差值与频域幅值差值的平均值一致的数据点个数，数据点个数与数据点总数的比率为所述匹配度。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的信号接收系统，其特征在于：
    所述频域补偿峰值是在指定频率区间内，各个频点的所述频域幅值差值相对于开始频点的所述频域幅值差值的最大变化值，其中，所述指定频率区间包括开始频点以及开始频点之后的3dB带宽频点。
  15. 如权利要求12所述的信号接收系统，其特征在于：
    所述均衡滤波模块包括多通道滤波降噪单元，所述多通道滤波降噪单元包括第二速率选择子单元和多条所述第二通道，每条所述第二通道中设有依次相连的低通滤波器和降噪器；
    所述第二速率选择子单元用于从MAC接收所述速率选择信号，并控制所述比较器的输出数据进入对应的所述低通滤波器；
    所述低通滤波器用于对所述第二速率选择子单元提供的数据进行低通滤波处理；
    所述降噪器用于基于降噪算法对所述低通滤波器的输出数据进行降噪处理。
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