WO2021098088A1 - 一种蝇蛆智能分离干化系统及其使用方法 - Google Patents

一种蝇蛆智能分离干化系统及其使用方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021098088A1
WO2021098088A1 PCT/CN2020/078728 CN2020078728W WO2021098088A1 WO 2021098088 A1 WO2021098088 A1 WO 2021098088A1 CN 2020078728 W CN2020078728 W CN 2020078728W WO 2021098088 A1 WO2021098088 A1 WO 2021098088A1
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Prior art keywords
intelligent
fly
maggot
drying
unit
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PCT/CN2020/078728
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
袁增伟
张诗文
覃祖茂
周新荣
陈天鸣
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南京大学（溧水）生态环境研究院
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Application filed by 南京大学（溧水）生态环境研究院 filed Critical 南京大学（溧水）生态环境研究院
Priority to US16/925,263 priority Critical patent/US11445711B2/en
Publication of WO2021098088A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021098088A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
    • A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of fly maggot breeding and automatic separation equipment, and particularly relates to a fly maggot intelligent separation and drying system and a use method thereof.
  • fly larvae is a key technology in the process of processing livestock manure to produce protein. If the separation method of fly larvae is not appropriate, it will not only cause waste of manpower and material resources and waste of fly larva protein, but also pupation due to the remaining fly larvae. Later, it turned into flies and caused environmental pollution, which violated the original intention of green farming.
  • the separation of fly maggots and maggots is mainly based on manual separation.
  • the manual separation mainly uses artificial vibrating screens to make the fly maggots fall from the screens. The separation efficiency is low. At present, some mechanical separation equipment with automation capabilities have also appeared:
  • a fly maggot separator disclosed in Chinese patent CN201720517377.3 includes a frame and a raw material feeding mechanism arranged on the frame, a fly maggot separation mechanism, a fly maggot collection mechanism, and a body traveling mechanism.
  • the fly maggot separation mechanism includes The stacking box, the lifting frame and the lifting mechanism that drive the lifting frame up and down.
  • the side of the stacking box is provided with a gap, and the outside of the stacking box is provided with a baffle at the gap, and the baffle is fixedly connected to the lifting frame and lifted synchronously.
  • the lifting frame is provided with a scraper that can also be lifted up and down with the lifting frame.
  • the utility model adopts a separating plate and a maggot blocking plate to complete the separation of fly maggots and waste materials, so that the purity of fly maggot separation is higher.
  • the "fly maggot separator” disclosed in Chinese patent CN201410399299.2 includes a vehicle body and a feeding device arranged at the front end of the vehicle body, the feeding device and the front end of a groove-shaped silo fixed on the vehicle body for conveying fly maggots and slag
  • the silo is equipped with a vertical lifting device.
  • the top of the lifting device is also equipped with a cleaning device that can reciprocate perpendicular to the direction of the car body.
  • the two ends of the lifting device are connected with a gate through a connecting rod, and the gate is tightly attached.
  • the end faces of the notches at both ends of the silo, and the lower sides of the end faces are respectively provided with collection devices fixed on the vehicle body.
  • the fly maggot separator provided by the invention realizes the separation through automatic equipment and the feature of fly maggots drilling down, which can greatly reduce the labor intensity of workers and improve the separation efficiency of fly maggots and material slag.
  • the present invention provides an intelligent fly maggot separation and drying system, and at the same time provides a method for using the system.
  • a fly maggot intelligent separation and drying system includes an intelligent light control unit, an intelligent slag scraping unit, a high-efficiency separation unit, a high-efficiency drying unit, a traveling unit and a central control unit.
  • the intelligent light control unit is composed of a solar light transmission module, a supplementary illuminating lamp and an infrared sensor, and can realize the function of automatically controlling the light.
  • the intelligent slag scraping unit is composed of a multi-level scraper, a slag collecting tray and a first weight sensor, and can realize the function of quickly scraping maggots.
  • the high-efficiency separation unit is composed of a cultivation tray, a multi-level screen, an integrated maggot drying tray and a residue collecting tray, and can realize the function of automatic crystallization separation.
  • the intelligent slag scraping unit and the high-efficiency separation unit share a slag collecting tray.
  • the high-efficiency drying unit is composed of a solar heat accumulator, a heat collector, a humidity sensor, a temperature sensor, a second weight sensor, a maggot drying integrated plate and a blower device, and can realize the function of rapid crystallization and drying.
  • the high-efficiency drying unit and the high-efficiency separation unit share an integrated maggot drying tray.
  • the traveling unit is composed of a horizontal drive wheel, a vertical lifting platform and an infrared detector, which can automatically adjust the height of the cultivation tray, the multi-level screen and the integrated maggot drying tray and automatically transfer the cultivation tray, the multi-level screen and The function of the integrated tray position for maggot drying.
  • the central control unit is composed of an intelligent control module, a data management module, and an odor alarm module.
  • the intelligent control module is respectively connected to an intelligent light control unit, an intelligent slag scraping unit, a high-efficiency separation unit, a high-efficiency drying unit, and a traveling unit. , It can realize the functions of automatic monitoring, intelligent management, intelligent adjustment system and device; the described odor alarm module collects data through the odor sensor at the collection terminal and realizes the alarm function. The data collected by the odor sensor is processed by the data management module. Send to the odor alarm module, when the collected odor volume exceeds the odor value preset by the odor alarm module, the odor alarm module will alarm.
  • the intelligent fly maggot separation and drying system of the present invention uses multi-disciplinary technologies such as spectrum analysis technology, machine learning algorithms, artificial neural networks, and multiple sensors to realize intelligent learning, and provides fully automatic, systematic and intelligent continuous and efficient cleaning and separation of fly maggots
  • the method for drying larvae and high-efficiency fly larvae, the system has self-monitoring and regulating management functions, which is helpful for large-scale and intelligent breeding of fly maggots; at the same time, the fly maggot intelligent separation and drying system of the present invention draws on the growth of fly maggots Regularity (the characteristics of fly maggots that are photophobic and like drilling) intelligently separate fly maggots and maggots in batches, improve separation efficiency, and ensure that pure dry maggots and uniform maggots are obtained.
  • Regularity the characteristics of fly maggots that are photophobic and like drilling
  • the solar light transmission module is composed of a lighting area, a transmission area and an irradiation area;
  • the daylighting area is provided with a daylighting cover and solar panels; the transmission area is made of anti-corrosion and rust-proof materials, and a reflective film is affixed inside to transmit sunlight; the infrared sensor and supplementary illuminators are arranged in the illumination area , There is also a photometer in the irradiation area. When the sunlight intensity measured by the photometer is lower than 500 Lux, the supplementary lighting will be activated.
  • the multi-level scraper includes a rotating shaft, a sprocket, a chain, and a scraper; the sprocket is arranged on the two ends and the middle of the rotating shaft, and is used to drive the chain of the sprocket at both ends.
  • a scraper is arranged on the two ends and the middle of the rotating shaft, and is used to drive the chain of the sprocket at both ends.
  • scrapers There are at least three scrapers, and the scrapers are arc-shaped.
  • the length of each scraper is different, and the depth of scraping can be controlled between 4-15mm.
  • the scraper starts after the intelligent light control unit works for 1 to 3 minutes. Work, the working time interval of each scraper is 1 ⁇ 3min.
  • the working time for scraping slag is set according to the growth characteristics of fly maggots. According to the characteristics of fly maggots like drilling holes, when the biomass of fly maggots is 20 larvae/m 2 , almost all fly maggots have been dropped within 1 to 3 minutes. Drilling, leaving only slag, so set the scraper to start working after the intelligent light control unit works for 1 to 3 minutes, and the working time interval of each scraper is 1 to 3 minutes, so as to avoid the fly maggots from starting to scrape the slag without drilling. Part of the fly maggots are also scraped away.
  • the high-efficiency drying unit preferentially uses solar energy to dry the fly maggots;
  • the integrated maggot drying tray is provided with two upper and lower partitions, and the partitions are composed of 0.5 cm 2 It is composed of a screen and a pull-out partition, and the pull-out partition can be drawn out when it is dry.
  • the two-layer partition is set according to the growth characteristics of the fly maggots. After the fly maggots drill down to the lower partition, the maggot scum is left on the upper partition screen, which realizes the automatic separation of fly maggots and maggot scum. During drying, the partition is drawn out to make half of the fly maggots fall to the lower partition, so that the density of fly maggots is reduced, thereby improving the drying efficiency.
  • the data management module includes a data acquisition module and a data analysis module, which can perform self-learning and database self-update functions; the data acquisition module and the infrared sensor, the first weight sensor, and the data acquisition terminal The second weight sensor, the infrared detector, the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor and the odor sensor are connected; the data analysis module analyzes the humidity of the maggot material, the fly maggot biomass and estimates the daily amount of fly maggots and fly maggots.
  • the high-efficiency separation unit uploads the detected fly maggot size to the central control unit, and then the central control unit adjusts the multi-level sieve of the high-efficiency separation unit so that the mesh size of the sieve becomes 0.8 ⁇ 1.5cm 2 , the distance between the multi-layered screen and the bottom layer of the integrated maggot drying pan is no more than 2cm.
  • the size of the screen grid is changed according to the size of the fly maggots.
  • the size of the mature fly maggots is between 0.8 and 1.5 cm 2 , which is convenient for the fly maggots to fall through the mesh holes onto the maggot drying integrated plate.
  • the distance between the multi-level screen and the bottom maggot plate is not more than 2cm is set according to the characteristics of fly maggots like drilling. Too much distance from the bottom of the mesh will affect the drilling efficiency, thereby affecting the separation efficiency.
  • the irradiated area uses an infrared sensor to detect the biomass of fly maggots within the slag scraping depth range of the lower layer scraper of the culture tray in real time through the intelligent slag scraping unit.
  • the fly maggot biomass exceeds 20 larvae/m 2 .
  • the multi-layer scraper is provided with a first weight sensor, which can compare the scraping weight of each scraper with the standard humidity weight stored by the central control unit to realize scraping work or stop scraping; When the humidity exceeds 60%, the lower scraper stops scraping slag, and at the same time the cultivation tray returns to the static cultivation area.
  • the operation of the scraper is controlled by comparing the weight of the scraped slag.
  • the weight of the scraped slag exceeds 60% of the standard humidity weight, it means that the scraped slag contains most of the fly maggots. Therefore, the growth of the fly maggots at this time is not good and cannot Drill down under the light of 1 ⁇ 3min.
  • the present invention also provides a method for using the fly maggot intelligent separation and drying system, which includes the following steps:
  • S1 Start the fly maggot intelligent separation and drying system for fly maggot cultivation.
  • the infrared sensor in the irradiated area of the intelligent light control unit detects the biomass of fly maggots in the cultivation plate in real time.
  • the intelligent light The control unit is activated, and the intelligent light control unit preferentially uses the solar light transmission module for illumination.
  • the solar light intensity measured by the photometer is lower than 500 Lux, the supplementary lighting lamp starts and works to make the fly maggots go down to the maggot multi-level screen.
  • S2 Intelligent scraping: According to the infrared sensor of the intelligent light control unit, the fly maggot biomass in the breeding tray is detected in real time. When the fly maggot biomass is less than 20 larvae/m 2 , the multi-level scraper will start to work and send the maggots to Slag collecting pan; the scraping depth of the scraper is self-adjusted within 4-15mm according to the amount of biomass; after each scraper scrapes the residue, the culture pan continues to light for 1 to 3 minutes. When each layer of scraper works, the first multi-layer scraper is installed The weight sensor uploads the scraper scraping weight to the data analysis module.
  • the central control unit After the system compares the scraped scrap weight with the standard humidity weight stored in the central control unit, if the humidity exceeds 60%, the scraper stops scraping the scraps and the culture tray passes through the vertical of the traveling unit.
  • the lifting platform and the horizontal driving wheel return to the static breeding area; the infrared sensor of the intelligent light control unit detects the biomass of the fly maggots in the breeding plate in real time.
  • the central control unit adjusts the light Intensity, light time and slag scraping depth of the scraper to ensure that the fly maggots go down and clean the scraps.
  • S3 Efficient separation: After intelligent scraping, the fly maggots that have penetrated into the multi-level screen are detected by the infrared sensor of the intelligent light control unit, and the individual size of the fly maggots on the multi-level screen is detected and uploaded to the central control unit. Adjust the multi-level screen of the high-efficiency separation unit in time to make the screen size range from 0.8 to 1.5cm 2 , and the distance between the screen and the bottom maggot drying integrated plate is not more than 2cm, so that the fly maggots can drill down to the maggot drying integrated plate on.
  • S4 Fly maggot drying: an overflow device is installed on the slag collecting tray. When the height of the maggot slag exceeds 4/5 of the slag collecting tray, the slag collecting tray stops collecting; the second type of quantity sensor is installed on the integrated maggot drying tray. The two weight sensors transmit the weight of the fresh maggots to the data management module, and then the maggot drying integrated slag tray is sent to the efficient drying unit through the vertical lifting platform and the horizontal driving wheel of the traveling unit.
  • the upper partition of the maggot drying integrated plate sent to the high-efficiency drying unit is pulled out, and half of the fresh maggots are dropped onto the lower partition, and then the heat collector and blast device of the high-efficiency drying unit start to work, and the infrared detector is used to The temperature of efficient drying is monitored, and the fly maggots in the integrated maggot drying tray are quickly dried. After the drying is completed, the maggots on the upper partition are dried and fall to the lower partition, and the second weight sensor uploads the weight of the dry maggots Give the data management unit, and finally pull out the partitions, and collect the probated fly maggots into the dry maggot bag.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the present invention uses multi-disciplinary technologies such as spectral analysis technology, machine learning algorithm, artificial neural network, etc., to provide a fully automatic, systematic, intelligent, continuous and efficient clean separation of fly maggots and maggots, and a system for efficiently realizing fly larva drying. Reduce the intensity of manual labor, the system has self-monitoring and adjustment management functions, which is helpful for large-scale intelligent breeding of fly maggots.
  • the present invention uses multi-disciplinary technologies such as fly maggot growth law, spectral analysis technology, machine learning algorithm and so on, and uses intelligent batch separation of fly maggots and maggots to improve separation efficiency and ensure that high-quality and pure dry maggots and uniform maggots are obtained material.
  • the present invention minimizes pollution and energy consumption in the whole process, and combines environmental governance, resource utilization, and clean energy utilization, which is beneficial for global promotion.
  • Figure 1 is a structural frame diagram of the intelligent separation and drying system for fly larvae of the present invention.
  • a fly maggot intelligent separation and drying system includes an intelligent light control unit, an intelligent slag scraping unit, a high-efficiency separation unit, a high-efficiency drying unit, a traveling unit and a central control unit.
  • the intelligent light control unit is composed of a solar light transmission module, a supplementary illuminator and an infrared sensor, which can realize the function of automatically controlling light;
  • the solar light transmission module is composed of a lighting area, a transmission area and an irradiation area;
  • the daylighting area is provided with a daylighting cover and solar panels;
  • the transmission area is made of anti-corrosion and rust-proof materials, and a reflective film is affixed inside to transmit sunlight;
  • the infrared sensor and supplementary lighting are arranged in the illumination area, and the illumination area There is also a photometer inside.
  • the irradiation area uses an infrared sensor in the intelligent scraping unit to detect fly maggots within the scraping depth range of the scraper on the bottom of the cultivation plate in real time.
  • the central control unit adjusts the light intensity and light time of the intelligent light control unit, and the blade depth of the intelligent slag scraper unit.
  • the intelligent slag scraping unit is composed of a multi-level scraper, a slag collecting tray and a first weight sensor, which can realize the function of quickly scraping off maggots;
  • the multi-level scraper includes a rotating shaft, a sprocket, a chain and a scraper;
  • the sprocket is arranged at the two ends and the middle of the rotating shaft, and the chain used to drive the sprocket at both ends is provided with scrapers; there are at least three scrapers, and the scrapers are arranged in an arc shape, and the length of each scraper is different.
  • the scraping depth can be between 4 and 15 mm; the scraper starts to work after the intelligent light control unit works for 1 to 3 minutes, and the working time interval of each scraper is 1 to 3 minutes.
  • the multi-layer scraper is provided with a first weight sensor, which can compare the scraping weight of each scraper with the standard humidity weight stored in the central control unit to realize scraping work or stop scraping; when the humidity exceeds 60%, The lower scraper stops scraping the slag, and at the same time the cultivation tray returns to the standing cultivation area.
  • the high-efficiency separation unit is composed of a cultivation tray, a multi-level screen, an integrated maggot drying tray and a slag collecting tray, which can realize the function of automatic crystallization and separation; the intelligent slag scraping unit and the high-efficiency separation unit share a slag collecting tray; high-efficiency separation
  • the unit uploads the detected fly maggot size to the central control unit, and then the central control unit adjusts the multi-level screen of the high-efficiency separation unit so that the size of the screen becomes 0.8 ⁇ 1.5cm 2 , and the multi-level screen is connected to the bottom layer.
  • the maggot drying integrated plate does not exceed 2cm.
  • the high-efficiency drying unit is composed of a solar heat accumulator, a heat collector, a humidity sensor, a temperature sensor, a second weight sensor, a maggot drying integrated plate and a blower device, which can realize the function of rapid drying; high-efficiency drying
  • the unit and the high-efficiency separation unit share an integrated maggot drying tray; the high-efficiency drying unit preferentially uses solar energy to dry the fly maggots; the integrated maggot drying tray is provided with two upper and lower double-layer partitions.
  • the partition is composed of a 0.5cm 2 partition net and a pull-out partition. The pull-out partition can be drawn out to the side when it is dry to facilitate the drying of fly larvae on the partition.
  • the traveling unit is composed of a horizontal driving wheel, a vertical lifting platform and an infrared detector, and can realize the functions of automatic height adjustment and automatic transfer position.
  • the central control unit is composed of an intelligent control module, a data management module and an odor alarm module, which can realize the functions of automatic monitoring, intelligent management, and intelligent adjustment systems and devices;
  • the data management module includes a data acquisition module and data analysis Module, which can perform self-learning and database self-update functions;
  • the data collection module is connected with the infrared sensor, the first weight sensor, the second weight sensor, the infrared detector, the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor and the odor sensor at the data collection terminal;
  • the data analysis module analyzes the humidity of the maggot material, the fly maggot biomass and estimates the daily amount of fly maggots and fly maggots;
  • the odor alarm module collects data through the odor sensor at the collection terminal and realizes the alarm function ,
  • the data collected by the odor sensor is processed by the data management module and sent to the odor alarm module. When the collected odor volume exceeds the odor value preset by the odor alarm module, the odor alarm module will alarm.
  • S1 Start the fly maggot intelligent separation and drying system for fly maggot cultivation.
  • the infrared sensor in the irradiation area of the intelligent light control unit detects the biomass of the fly maggots under the cultivation plate in real time.
  • intelligent The light control unit is activated, and the intelligent light control unit preferentially uses the solar light transmission module for illumination.
  • the solar light intensity measured by the photometer is lower than 500 Lux, the supplementary lighting lamp starts and works, so that the fly maggots go down to the maggot multi-level screen .
  • S2 Intelligent scraping: According to the infrared sensor of the intelligent light control unit, the fly maggot biomass in the breeding tray is detected in real time. When the fly maggot biomass is less than 20 larvae/m 2 , the multi-level scraper will start to work and send the maggots to Slag collecting pan; the scraping depth of the scraper is self-adjusted within 4-15mm according to the amount of biomass; after each scraper scrapes the residue, the culture pan continues to light for 1 to 3 minutes. When each layer of scraper works, the first multi-layer scraper is installed The weight sensor uploads the scraper scraping weight to the data analysis module.
  • the scraper stops scraping the scraps and the culture tray passes through the vertical of the traveling unit.
  • the lifting platform and the horizontal driving wheel return to the static breeding area; the infrared sensor of the intelligent light control unit detects the biomass of the fly maggots in the breeding plate in real time.
  • the central control unit adjusts the light Intensity, light time and slag scraping depth of the scraper ensure clean scraping.
  • S3 Efficient separation: After intelligent scraping, the fly maggots that have penetrated into the multi-level screen are detected by the infrared sensor of the intelligent light control unit, and the individual size of the fly maggots on the multi-level screen is detected and uploaded to the central control unit. Adjust the multi-level screen of the high-efficiency separation unit in time so that the size of the screen mesh ranges from 0.8 to 1.5 cm 2 , and the distance between the screen and the bottom layer of the integrated maggot drying pan is no more than 2 cm.
  • S4 Fly maggot drying: an overflow device is installed on the slag collecting tray. When the height of the maggot slag exceeds 4/5 of the slag collecting tray, the slag collecting tray stops collecting; the second type of quantity sensor is installed on the integrated maggot drying tray. The weight sensor transmits the weight of the fresh maggots to the data management module, and then the maggot drying integrated slag tray is sent to the efficient drying unit through the vertical lifting platform and the horizontal driving wheel of the traveling unit;
  • the upper partition of the maggot drying integrated plate sent to the high-efficiency drying unit is pulled out, and half of the fresh maggots are dropped onto the lower partition, and then the heat collector and blast device of the high-efficiency drying unit start to work, and the infrared detector is used to The temperature of efficient drying is monitored, and the fly maggots in the integrated maggot drying tray are quickly dried. After the drying is completed, the maggots on the upper partition are dried and fall to the lower partition, and the second weight sensor uploads the weight of the dry maggots Give the data management unit, then pull out the partition and collect the dried maggots into the dried maggot bag.

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Abstract

一种蝇蛆智能分离干化系统及其使用方法，该系统包括智能光控单元、智能刮渣单元、高效分离单元、高效干化单元、行进单元以及中央控制单元，各个单元之间均通过信号与中央控制器连接，利用光谱分析技术、机器学习算法、人工神经网络等多学科不同技术，实现全自动、系统化、智能化、连续高效洁净分离蝇蛆和蛆料、蝇蛆干化。该系统具有自我监测与调节管理功能，有助于规模化智能化养殖蝇蛆，减少人工劳动强度。

Description

一种蝇蛆智能分离干化系统及其使用方法 技术领域
本发明属于蝇蛆养殖及自动分离设备技术领域，特别涉及一种蝇蛆智能分离干化系统及其使用方法。
 背景技术
蝇蛆分离是蝇蛆处理畜禽粪便生产蛋白质过程中的一项关键技术，如果蝇蛆分离方法不当，不仅会造成人力、物力的浪费和蝇蛆蛋白的浪费，还会因为剩余蝇蛆化蛹后变成苍蝇造成环境污染，违背绿色养殖的初衷。目前蝇蛆和蛆料分离主要以人工分离为主，人工分离主要通过人工震动筛网使得蝇蛆从筛网中掉落，分离效率低，目前，也出现了一些具备自动化能力的机械分离设备：
中国专利CN201720517377.3公开的“一种蝇蛆分离机”，包括机架及设置在机架上的原料上料机构、蝇蛆分离机构、蝇蛆收集机构和机体行进机构，蝇蛆分离机构包括堆料箱、抬升架和驱动抬升架上下升降的升降机构，堆料箱的侧部开设有缺口，堆料箱外侧位于上述缺口处设有挡板，挡板与上述抬升架固连并同步升降，抬升架上设有同样能随抬升架上下升降的刮料板，刮料板与抬升架之间设有驱动刮料板朝上述缺口方向来回移动的刮料驱动机构，刮料板下沿的高度高于或等于挡板上沿的高度。该实用新型采分离板和挡蛆板完成蝇蛆和废料的分离，使蝇蛆分离的纯度更高。
中国专利CN201410399299.2公开的“蝇蛆分离机”，包括车体和设在其前端的加料装置，加料装置与固定在车体上用于输送蝇蛆及料渣的凹槽形料仓的前端相连，料仓上设有竖直升降装置，升降装置的顶部还设有可垂直于车体运动方向作往复运动的清扫装置，升降装置的两端还通过连接杆悬挂连接有闸门，闸门贴紧料仓两端槽口的端面，端面的侧下方还分别设有固定在车体上的收集装置。该发明所提供的蝇蛆分离机通过自动化的设备和蝇蛆向下钻的特点实现分离，能够大大降低工人劳动强度，提高蝇蛆与料渣分离效率。
然而，以上专利分离效率和养殖环境难以保证，需要进一步改善，这成为本发明需要解决的重要技术问题。
 技术问题
针对现有蝇蛆分离机存在分离效率低和养殖环境难以保证的缺陷，本发明提供一种蝇蛆智能分离干化系统，同时提供该系统的使用方法。
 技术解决方案
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种蝇蛆智能分离干化系统，包括智能光控单元、智能刮渣单元、高效分离单元、高效干化单元、行进单元和中央控制单元。
所述的智能光控单元由太阳光传导模块、补充照明灯和红外传感器组成，可以实现自动控制光照的功能。
所述的智能刮渣单元由多层次刮刀、集渣盘和第一重量传感器组成，可以实现快速刮掉蛆渣的功能。
所述的高效分离单元由养殖盘、多层次筛网、接蛆干燥一体盘和集渣盘组成，可以实现自动结晶分离的功能。
所述的智能刮渣单元和高效分离单元共用一个集渣盘。
所述的高效干化单元由太阳能蓄热器、集热器、湿度传感器、温度传感器、第二重量传感器、接蛆干燥一体盘和鼓风装置组成，可以实现快速结晶干化的功能。
所述的高效干化单元和高效分离单元共用一个接蛆干燥一体盘。
所述的行进单元由水平驱动轮、竖直升降台和红外探测器组成，可以实现自动调节养殖盘、多层次筛网和接蛆干燥一体盘的高度和自动转移养殖盘、多层次筛网和接蛆干燥一体盘位置的功能。
所述的中央控制单元由智能控制模块、数据管理模块和臭气报警模块组成，所述的智能控制模块分别连接智能光控单元、智能刮渣单元、高效分离单元、高效干化单元和行进单元，可以实现自动监测、智能管理、智能调节系统和装置的功能；所述的臭气报警模块通过采集端的臭气传感器进行数据采集并实现报警功能，臭气传感器采集的数据经过数据管理模块处理后发送到臭气报警模块，当采集的臭气量超过臭气报警模块预设的臭气值时，臭气报警模块进行报警。
本发明的蝇蛆智能分离干化系统利用光谱分析技术、机器学习算法、人工神经网络等多学科技术以及多个传感器实现智能学习，提供全自动、系统化、智能化的连续高效洁净分离蝇蛆和蛆料、高效蝇蛆干化的方法，系统具有自我监测和调节管理功能，有助于规模化、智能化养殖蝇蛆；同时，本发明的蝇蛆智能分离干化系统借鉴蝇蛆的生长规律（蝇蛆畏光和喜钻孔的特性）智能分批分离蝇蛆和蛆料，提高分离效率，确保获得纯净的蛆干和均一的蛆料。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述的太阳光传导模块由采光区、传输区和照射区组成；
所述的采光区设有采光罩和太阳能电池板；所述的传输区采用防腐防锈材料，内部贴有反光膜用于传输太阳光；所述的红外传感器和补充照明灯设置于照射区内，照射区内还设有光度计，当光度计测得太阳光强度低于500Lux时，补充照明灯启动。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述的多层次刮刀包括转动轴、链轮、链条和刮刀；所述的链轮设置于转动轴的两端和中部，用于驱动两端链轮的链条上设置有刮刀；
所述的刮刀至少为三个，刮刀为弧形设置，每个刮刀的长度不同，可以实现刮渣深度控制在4～15mm之间；所述的刮刀在智能光控单元工作1～3min后开始工作，每个刮刀工作时间间隔为1～3min。
刮渣工作时间是根据蝇蛆生长特性进行设置的，根据蝇蛆喜钻孔的特性，当蝇蛆生物量在20只/m 2时，在1～3min之内几乎所有的蝇蛆都已经下钻，只留下渣料，因此设置刮刀在智能光控单元工作1～3min后开始工作，每个刮刀工作时间间隔为1～3min，这样避免了蝇蛆未下钻就开始刮渣，把大部分蝇蛆也刮走。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述的高效干化单元优先利用太阳能进行蝇蛆干化处理；所述的接蛆干燥一体盘设有上下两层隔板，所述的隔板由0.5cm 2的隔网和抽拉式隔板组成，所述的抽拉式隔板可以在干燥时抽出。
两层隔板设置，是根据蝇蛆下钻的生长特性，蝇蛆下钻至下层隔板后，蛆渣被留在上层隔网，实现了对蝇蛆和蛆渣进行自动分离。在干化时，将隔板抽出使一半的蝇蛆掉落到下层隔板，使蝇蛆密度降低，从而提高干化效率。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述的数据管理模块包括数据采集模块和数据分析模块，可以进行自我学习和数据库自我更新功能；所述的数据采集模块与数据采集端的红外传感器、第一重量传感器、第二重量传感器、红外探测器、温度传感器、湿度传感器和臭气传感器连接；所述的数据分析模块分析蛆料湿度、蝇蛆生物量并预估每日的蝇蛆量和蝇蛆粪量。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述的高效分离单元将探测到的蝇蛆大小上传至中央控制单元，然后中央控制单元调整高效分离单元的多层次筛网，使得筛网的筛格大小变为0.8～1.5cm 2，多层次筛网距离底层接蛆干燥一体盘不超过2cm。
筛网的筛格大小是根据蝇蛆的大小进行改变的，成熟的蝇蛆大小为0.8～1.5cm 2之间，便于蝇蛆能通过筛网孔掉落到接蛆干燥一体盘上，利用蝇蛆喜钻孔的特性实现蝇蛆分离。多层次筛网距离底层接蛆盘不超过2cm是根据蝇蛆喜钻孔的特性设置的，网孔距离底层太高影响钻孔效率，从而影响分离效率。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述的照射区通过红外传感器在智能刮渣单元实时探测养殖盘下层刮刀的刮渣深度范围内蝇蛆的生物量，当蝇蛆生物量超过20只/m 2时，通过中央控制单元调节智能光控单元的光照强度、光照时间，以及智能刮渣单元的刮刀深度。
调节光照强度和光照时间是为了检查蝇蛆的生物活性，在3min内，蝇蛆在光照条件下无法下钻，说明其活性很低，这样的蝇蛆是很难存活的，由此可以来区分蝇蛆生长的情况。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述的多层次刮刀上设置第一重量传感器，可以根据每层刮刀的刮渣重量和中央控制单元存储的标准湿度重量进行对比，实现刮渣工作或停止刮渣；当湿度超过60%时，下层刮刀停止刮渣，同时养殖盘返回静置养殖区。
通过对比刮渣重量对刮刀的运行进行控制，当刮渣的重量超过标准湿度重量60%时，说明刮渣中含有多数的蝇蛆，由此可以此时的蝇蛆生长状况不好，不能在1～3min的光照下进行下钻。
同时，本发明的还提供所述的蝇蛆智能分离干化系统的使用方法，包括以下步骤：
S1：启动蝇蛆智能分离干化系统进行蝇蛆培养，智能光控单元照射区的红外传感器实时探测养殖盘内蝇蛆的生物量，当蝇蛆生物量超过20只/m 2时，智能光控单元启动，智能光控单元优先采用太阳光传导模块进行光照，当光度计测得太阳光强度低于500Lux时，补充照明灯启动并工作，使蝇蛆下钻至接蛆多层次筛网上。
S2：智能刮渣：根据智能光控单元的红外传感器实时探测养殖盘内的蝇蛆生物量，当蝇蛆生物量小于20只/m 2时，多层次刮刀开始工作，将蛆料刮送至集渣盘；刮刀刮渣深度根据生物量的多少在4～15mm内自行调节；每个刮刀刮渣后，养殖盘继续光照1～3min，每层刮刀工作时，多层次刮刀上安装的第一重量传感器上传刮刀刮渣重量到数据分析模块，系统将刮渣重量和中央控制单元存储的标准湿度重量比对后，若湿度超过60%时，刮刀停止刮渣，养殖盘通过行进单元的竖直升降台和水平驱动轮返回静置养殖区；智能光控单元的红外传感器实时探测养殖盘内蝇蛆的生物量，当蝇蛆生物量超过20只/m 2时，就通过中央控制单元调节光照强度、光照时间和刮刀的刮渣深度，确保蝇蛆下钻和洁净刮渣。
S3：高效分离：智能刮渣后，钻入多层次筛网的蝇蛆经过智能光控单元的红外传感器探测，探测到多层次筛网上蝇蛆的个体大小并上传给中央控制单元，中央控制单元及时调整高效分离单元的多层次筛网，使得筛网筛格大小为0.8～1.5cm 2不等，筛网距离底层接蛆干燥一体盘不超过2cm，使蝇蛆下钻至接蛆干燥一体盘上。
S4：蝇蛆干化：集渣盘上安装满溢装置，当蛆渣高度超过集渣盘4/5时，集渣盘停止收集；接蛆干燥一体盘上安装有第二种量传感器，第二重量传感器将鲜蛆重量传到数据管理模块，然后接蛆干燥一体渣盘通过行进单元的竖直升降台和水平驱动轮被送至高效干化单元。
送至高效干化单元的接蛆干燥一体盘上层的隔板抽出，掉落一半鲜蛆到下层隔板上，然后高效干化单元的集热器和鼓风装置开始工作，通过红外探测器对高效干化的温度进行监控，将接蛆干燥一体盘内的蝇蛆迅速干化，干化完成后，上层隔板的蛆干掉落至下层隔板，第二重量传感器再将干蛆重量上传给数据管理单元，最后将隔板抽出，收集感化后的蝇蛆到干蛆袋中即可。
 有益效果
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果：
1、本发明利用光谱分析技术、机器学习算法、人工神经网络等多学科技术，提供全自动、系统化、智能化的连续高效洁净分离蝇蛆和蛆料、高效实现蝇蛆干化的系统，减少人工劳动强度，系统具有自我监测与调节管理功能，有助于规模化智能化养殖蝇蛆。
2、本发明通过借鉴蝇蛆生长规律、光谱分析技术、机器学习算法等多学科技术，采用智能分批分离蝇蛆和蛆料，提高分离效率，确保获得高质量纯净的蛆干和均一性蛆料。
3、本发明通过充分利用太阳能进行光照和干化，全过程污染和能耗降到最低，将环境治理、资源化利用、清洁能源利用结合，利于全域推广。
 
 附图说明
图1为本发明蝇蛆智能分离干化系统的结构框架图。
 本发明的实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1
一种蝇蛆智能分离干化系统，其结构框架图如图1所示，包括智能光控单元、智能刮渣单元、高效分离单元、高效干化单元、行进单元和中央控制单元。
所述的智能光控单元由太阳光传导模块、补充照明灯和红外传感器组成，可以实现自动控制光照的功能；所述的太阳光传导模块由采光区、传输区和照射区组成；所述的采光区设有采光罩和太阳能电池板；所述的传输区采用防腐防锈材料，内部贴有反光膜用于传输太阳光；所述的红外传感器和补充照明灯设置于照射区内，照射区内还设有光度计，当光度计测得太阳光强度低于500Lux时，补充照明灯启动；照射区还通过红外传感器在智能刮渣单元实时探测养殖盘下层刮刀的刮渣深度范围内蝇蛆的生物量，当蝇蛆生物量超过20只/m 2时，通过中央控制单元调节智能光控单元的光照强度、光照时间，以及智能刮渣单元的刮刀深度。
所述的智能刮渣单元由多层次刮刀、集渣盘和第一重量传感器组成，可以实现快速刮掉蛆渣的功能；所述的多层次刮刀包括转动轴、链轮、链条和刮刀；所述的链轮设置于转动轴的两端和中部，用于驱动两端链轮的链条上设置有刮刀；所述的刮刀至少为三个，刮刀为弧形设置，每个刮刀的长度不同，可以实现刮渣深度在4～15mm之间；所述的刮刀在智能光控单元工作1～3min后开始工作，每个刮刀工作时间间隔为1～3min。
所述的多层次刮刀上设置第一重量传感器，可以根据每层刮刀的刮渣重量和中央控制单元存储的标准湿度重量进行对比，实现刮渣工作或停止刮渣；当湿度超过60%时，下层刮刀停止刮渣，同时养殖盘返回静置养殖区。
所述的高效分离单元由养殖盘、多层次筛网、接蛆干燥一体盘和集渣盘组成，可以实现自动结晶分离的功能；智能刮渣单元和高效分离单元共用一个集渣盘；高效分离单元将探测到的蝇蛆大小上传至中央控制单元，然后中央控制单元调整高效分离单元的多层次筛网，使得筛网的筛格大小变为0.8～1.5cm 2，多层次筛网距离底层接蛆干燥一体盘不超过2cm。
所述的高效干化单元由太阳能蓄热器、集热器、湿度传感器、温度传感器、第二重量传感器、接蛆干燥一体盘和鼓风装置组成，可以实现快速干化的功能；高效干化单元和高效分离单元共用一个接蛆干燥一体盘；高效干化单元优先利用太阳能进行蝇蛆干化处理；所述的接蛆干燥一体盘设有上下两层双层隔板，所述的双层隔板由0.5cm 2的隔网和抽拉式隔板组成，抽拉式隔板可以在干燥时抽出到侧边，方便蝇蛆在隔网上干燥。
所述的行进单元由水平驱动轮、竖直升降台和红外探测器组成，可以实现自动调节高度和自动转移位置的功能。
所述的中央控制单元由智能控制模块、数据管理模块和臭气报警模块组成，可以实现自动监测、智能管理、智能调节系统和装置的功能；所述的数据管理模块包括数据采集模块和数据分析模块，可以进行自我学习和数据库自我更新功能；所述的数据采集模块与数据采集端的红外传感器、第一重量传感器、第二重量传感器、红外探测器、温度传感器、湿度传感器和臭气传感器连接；所述的数据分析模块分析蛆料湿度、蝇蛆生物量并预估每日的蝇蛆量和蝇蛆粪量；所述的臭气报警模块通过采集端的臭气传感器进行数据采集并实现报警功能，臭气传感器采集的数据经过数据管理模块处理后发送到臭气报警模块，当采集的臭气量超过臭气报警模块预设的臭气值时，臭气报警模块进行报警。
本实施例的蝇蛆智能分离干化系统的使用方法，包括以下步骤：
S1：启动蝇蛆智能分离干化系统进行蝇蛆培养，智能光控单元照射区的红外传感器实时探测养殖盘下内蝇蛆的生物量，当蝇蛆生物量超过20只/m 2时，智能光控单元启动，智能光控单元优先采用太阳光传导模块进行光照，当光度计测得太阳光强度低于500Lux时，补充照明灯启动并工作，使蝇蛆下钻至接蛆多层次筛网上。
S2：智能刮渣：根据智能光控单元的红外传感器实时探测养殖盘内的蝇蛆生物量，当蝇蛆生物量小于20只/m 2时，多层次刮刀开始工作，将蛆料刮送至集渣盘；刮刀刮渣深度根据生物量的多少在4～15mm内自行调节；每个刮刀刮渣后，养殖盘继续光照1～3min，每层刮刀工作时，多层次刮刀上安装的第一重量传感器上传刮刀刮渣重量到数据分析模块，系统将刮渣重量和中央控制单元存储的标准湿度重量比对后，若湿度超过60%时，刮刀停止刮渣，养殖盘通过行进单元的竖直升降台和水平驱动轮返回静置养殖区；智能光控单元的红外传感器实时探测养殖盘内蝇蛆的生物量，当蝇蛆生物量超过20只/m 2时，就通过中央控制单元调节光照强度、光照时间和刮刀的刮渣深度，确保洁净刮渣。
S3：高效分离：智能刮渣后，钻入多层次筛网的蝇蛆经过智能光控单元的红外传感器探测，探测到多层次筛网上蝇蛆的个体大小并上传给中央控制单元，中央控制单元及时调整高效分离单元的多层次筛网，使得筛网筛格大小为0.8～1.5cm 2不等，筛网距离底层接蛆干燥一体盘不超过2cm。
S4：蝇蛆干化：集渣盘上安装满溢装置，当蛆渣高度超过集渣盘4/5时，集渣盘停止收集；接蛆干燥一体盘上安装有第二种量传感器，第二重量传感器将鲜蛆重量传到数据管理模块，然后接蛆干燥一体渣盘通过行进单元的竖直升降台和水平驱动轮被送至高效干化单元；
送至高效干化单元的接蛆干燥一体盘上层的隔板抽出，掉落一半鲜蛆到下层隔板上，然后高效干化单元的集热器和鼓风装置开始工作，通过红外探测器对高效干化的温度进行监控，将接蛆干燥一体盘内的蝇蛆迅速干化，干化完成后，上层隔板的蛆干掉落至下层隔板，第二重量传感器再将干蛆重量上传给数据管理单元，然后将隔板抽出，将干蛆收集到干蛆袋中。
应该指出，以上实施例详细说明都是例示性的，旨在对本申请提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明，本文使用的所有技术和学术语具有与本申请所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。需要注意的是，这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式，而非意图限制根据本申请的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的，除非上下文另外明确指出，否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式，此外，还应当理解的是，当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时，其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种蝇蛆智能分离干化系统，其特征在于：包括智能光控单元、智能刮渣单元、高效分离单元、高效干化单元、行进单元和中央控制单元；
    所述的智能光控单元由太阳光传导模块、补充照明灯和红外传感器组成；
    所述的智能刮渣单元由多层次刮刀、集渣盘和第一重量传感器组成；
    所述的高效分离单元由养殖盘、多层次筛网、接蛆干燥一体盘和集渣盘组成；
    所述的高效干化单元由太阳能蓄热器、集热器、湿度传感器、温度传感器、第二重量传感器、接蛆干燥一体盘和鼓风装置组成；
    所述的行进单元由水平驱动轮、竖直升降台和红外探测器组成；
    所述的中央控制单元由智能控制模块、数据管理模块和臭气报警模块组成，所述的智能控制模块分别连接智能光控单元、智能刮渣单元、高效分离单元、高效干化单元和行进单元；所述的臭气报警模块通过采集端的臭气传感器进行数据采集并实现报警功能。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的蝇蛆智能分离干化系统，其特征在于：所述的太阳光传导模块由采光区、传输区和照射区组成；
    所述的采光区设有采光罩和太阳能电池板；
    所述的传输区采用防腐防锈材料，内部贴有反光膜用于传输太阳光；
    所述的红外传感器和补充照明灯设置于照射区内，照射区内还设有光度计，当光度计测得太阳光强度低于500Lux时，补充照明灯启动。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的蝇蛆智能分离干化系统，其特征在于：所述的多层次刮刀包括转动轴、链轮、链条和刮刀；所述的链轮设置于转动轴的两端和中部，用于驱动两端链轮的链条上设置有刮刀；
    所述的刮刀至少为三个，刮刀为弧形设置，每个刮刀的长度不同，可以实现刮渣深度在4～15mm之间；所述的刮刀在智能光控单元工作1～3min后开始工作，每个刮刀工作时间间隔为1～3min。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的蝇蛆智能分离干化系统，其特征在于：所述的高效干化单元优先利用太阳能进行蝇蛆干化处理；所述的接蛆干燥一体盘设有上下两层隔板，所述的隔板由0.5cm 2的隔网和抽拉式隔板组成。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的蝇蛆智能分离干化系统，其特征在于：所述的数据管理模块包括数据采集模块和数据分析模块，可以进行自我学习和数据库自我更新功能；
    所述的数据采集模块与数据采集端的红外传感器、第一重量传感器、第二重量传感器、红外探测器、温度传感器、湿度传感器和臭气传感器连接；
    所述的数据分析模块分析蛆料湿度、蝇蛆生物量并预估每日的蝇蛆量和蝇蛆粪量。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的蝇蛆智能分离干化系统，其特征在于：所述的高效分离单元将探测到的蝇蛆大小上传至中央控制单元，然后中央控制单元调整高效分离单元的多层次筛网，使得筛网的筛格大小变为0.8～1.5cm 2，多层次筛网距离底层接蛆干燥一体盘不超过2cm。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的蝇蛆智能分离干化系统，其特征在于：所述的照射区通过红外传感器在智能刮渣单元实时探测养殖盘下层刮刀的刮渣深度范围内蝇蛆的生物量，当蝇蛆生物量超过20只/m 2时，通过中央控制单元调节智能光控单元的光照强度、光照时间，以及智能刮渣单元的刮刀深度。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的蝇蛆智能分离干化系统，其特征在于：所述的多层次刮刀上设置第一重量传感器，可以根据每层刮刀的刮渣重量和中央控制单元存储的标准湿度重量进行对比，实现刮渣工作或停止刮渣；当湿度超过60%时，下层刮刀停止刮渣，同时养殖盘返回静置养殖区。
  9. 如权利要求1～8任一所述的蝇蛆智能分离干化系统的使用方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
    S1：启动蝇蛆智能分离干化系统进行蝇蛆培养，智能光控单元照射区的红外传感器实时探测养殖盘下内蝇蛆的生物量，当蝇蛆生物量超过20只/m 2时，智能光控单元启动，智能光控单元优先采用太阳光传导模块进行光照，当光度计测得太阳光强度低于500Lux时，补充照明灯启动并工作，使蝇蛆下钻至接蛆多层次筛网上；
    S2：智能刮渣：根据智能光控单元的红外传感器实时探测养殖盘内的蝇蛆生物量，当蝇蛆生物量小于20只/m 2时，多层次刮刀开始工作，将蛆料刮送至集渣盘；刮刀刮渣深度根据生物量的多少在4～15mm内自行调节；每个刮刀刮渣后，养殖盘继续光照1～3min，每层刮刀工作时，多层次刮刀上安装的第一重量传感器上传刮刀刮渣重量到数据分析模块，系统将刮渣重量和中央控制单元存储的标准湿度重量比对后，若湿度超过60%时，刮刀停止刮渣，养殖盘通过行进单元的竖直升降台和水平驱动轮返回静置养殖区；
    智能光控单元的红外传感器实时探测养殖盘内蝇蛆的生物量，当蝇蛆生物量超过20只/m 2时，就通过中央控制单元调节光照强度、光照时间和刮刀的刮渣深度，确保洁净刮渣；
    S3：高效分离：智能刮渣后，钻入多层次筛网的蝇蛆经过智能光控单元的红外传感器探测，探测到多层次筛网上蝇蛆的个体大小并上传给中央控制单元，中央控制单元及时调整高效分离单元的多层次筛网，使得筛网筛格大小为0.8～1.5cm 2不等，筛网距离底层接蛆干燥一体盘不超过2cm；
    S4：蝇蛆干化：集渣盘上安装满溢装置，当蛆渣高度超过集渣盘4/5时，集渣盘停止收集；接蛆干燥一体盘上安装有第二种量传感器，第二重量传感器将鲜蛆重量传到数据管理模块，然后接蛆干燥一体渣盘通过行进单元的竖直升降台和水平驱动轮被送至高效干化单元；
    送至高效干化单元的接蛆干燥一体盘上层的隔板抽出，掉落一半鲜蛆到下层隔板上，然后高效干化单元的集热器和鼓风装置开始工作，通过红外探测器对高效干化的温度进行监控，将接蛆干燥一体盘内的蝇蛆迅速干化，干化完成后，上层隔板的蛆干掉落至下层隔板，第二重量传感器再将干蛆重量上传给数据管理单元，然后将隔板抽出，将干蛆收集到干蛆袋中。
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