WO2021097973A1 - 用于体外血泵的马达、体外血泵、和体外血泵系统 - Google Patents

用于体外血泵的马达、体外血泵、和体外血泵系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021097973A1
WO2021097973A1 PCT/CN2019/125819 CN2019125819W WO2021097973A1 WO 2021097973 A1 WO2021097973 A1 WO 2021097973A1 CN 2019125819 W CN2019125819 W CN 2019125819W WO 2021097973 A1 WO2021097973 A1 WO 2021097973A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
motor
extracorporeal blood
circuit board
blood pump
drive control
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/125819
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
罗根•托马斯•乔治
克利夫顿•彼得•科尔顿•詹姆斯
魏波
颜翊凡
Original Assignee
苏州心擎医疗技术有限公司
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Application filed by 苏州心擎医疗技术有限公司 filed Critical 苏州心擎医疗技术有限公司
Priority to JP2022525041A priority Critical patent/JP7426753B2/ja
Priority to AU2019474874A priority patent/AU2019474874C1/en
Priority to KR1020227020655A priority patent/KR20220101174A/ko
Priority to EP19953001.5A priority patent/EP4062953A4/en
Priority to US17/777,928 priority patent/US20230021792A1/en
Priority to CA3155383A priority patent/CA3155383A1/en
Publication of WO2021097973A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021097973A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/10—Location thereof with respect to the patient's body
    • A61M60/104—Extracorporeal pumps, i.e. the blood being pumped outside the patient's body
    • A61M60/117—Extracorporeal pumps, i.e. the blood being pumped outside the patient's body for assisting the heart, e.g. transcutaneous or external ventricular assist devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/40—Details relating to driving
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/10—Location thereof with respect to the patient's body
    • A61M60/104—Extracorporeal pumps, i.e. the blood being pumped outside the patient's body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/20—Type thereof
    • A61M60/205—Non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/20—Type thereof
    • A61M60/205—Non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/216—Non-positive displacement blood pumps including a rotating member acting on the blood, e.g. impeller
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/20—Type thereof
    • A61M60/205—Non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/216—Non-positive displacement blood pumps including a rotating member acting on the blood, e.g. impeller
    • A61M60/226—Non-positive displacement blood pumps including a rotating member acting on the blood, e.g. impeller the blood flow through the rotating member having mainly radial components
    • A61M60/232—Centrifugal pumps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/40—Details relating to driving
    • A61M60/403—Details relating to driving for non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/408—Details relating to driving for non-positive displacement blood pumps the force acting on the blood contacting member being mechanical, e.g. transmitted by a shaft or cable
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/40—Details relating to driving
    • A61M60/403—Details relating to driving for non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/419—Details relating to driving for non-positive displacement blood pumps the force acting on the blood contacting member being permanent magnetic, e.g. from a rotating magnetic coupling between driving and driven magnets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/40—Details relating to driving
    • A61M60/403—Details relating to driving for non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/422—Details relating to driving for non-positive displacement blood pumps the force acting on the blood contacting member being electromagnetic, e.g. using canned motor pumps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/50—Details relating to control
    • A61M60/508—Electronic control means, e.g. for feedback regulation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/50—Details relating to control
    • A61M60/508—Electronic control means, e.g. for feedback regulation
    • A61M60/538—Regulation using real-time blood pump operational parameter data, e.g. motor current
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/50—Details relating to control
    • A61M60/508—Electronic control means, e.g. for feedback regulation
    • A61M60/538—Regulation using real-time blood pump operational parameter data, e.g. motor current
    • A61M60/546—Regulation using real-time blood pump operational parameter data, e.g. motor current of blood flow, e.g. by adapting rotor speed
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/50—Details relating to control
    • A61M60/585—User interfaces
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/80—Constructional details other than related to driving
    • A61M60/802—Constructional details other than related to driving of non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/81—Pump housings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/80—Constructional details other than related to driving
    • A61M60/802—Constructional details other than related to driving of non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/81—Pump housings
    • A61M60/816—Sensors arranged on or in the housing, e.g. ultrasound flow sensors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/80—Constructional details other than related to driving
    • A61M60/802—Constructional details other than related to driving of non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/818—Bearings
    • A61M60/82—Magnetic bearings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/80—Constructional details other than related to driving
    • A61M60/802—Constructional details other than related to driving of non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/818—Bearings
    • A61M60/82—Magnetic bearings
    • A61M60/822—Magnetic bearings specially adapted for being actively controlled
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/80—Constructional details other than related to driving
    • A61M60/845—Constructional details other than related to driving of extracorporeal blood pumps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/80—Constructional details other than related to driving
    • A61M60/855—Constructional details other than related to driving of implantable pumps or pumping devices
    • A61M60/871—Energy supply devices; Converters therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D13/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
    • F04D15/0066—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems by changing the speed, e.g. of the driving engine
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/30—Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
    • H02K11/33—Drive circuits, e.g. power electronics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/14—Structural association with mechanical loads, e.g. with hand-held machine tools or fans
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00—Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02—Details
    • H05K1/0277—Bendability or stretchability details
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/16—General characteristics of the apparatus with back-up system in case of failure
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
    • A61M2205/3365—Rotational speed
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    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
    • A61M2205/3368—Temperature
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/36—General characteristics of the apparatus related to heating or cooling
    • A61M2205/3606—General characteristics of the apparatus related to heating or cooling cooled

Definitions

  • the present disclosure generally relates to the field of medical devices. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a motor for an extracorporeal blood pump, an extracorporeal blood pump including the motor, and an extracorporeal blood pump system including the extracorporeal blood pump and a control host.
  • a blood pump can be used to replace the heart to help maintain human blood circulation.
  • blood pumps can be divided into implantable blood pumps and extracorporeal blood pumps.
  • Implantable blood pumps can be implanted into patients to maintain human blood circulation temporarily or for a long time. They are mainly used for transplantation replacement therapy for patients with end-stage heart failure.
  • Extracorporeal blood pumps can be used outside the body to provide transitional life support and treatment with less trauma.
  • a complete extracorporeal blood pump system usually includes a pump head 1, a motor used to drive the pump head 1, a control host 3 used to control the motor 2, and a control host 3 used to realize the connection between the pump head 1 and the patient 5.
  • the blood is connected to the pipeline4.
  • the motor 2 and the control host 3 are reusable equipment, and the pump head 1 and the pipe 4 are disposable products that come into contact with blood.
  • An impeller is arranged inside the pump head 1, and the impeller promotes the flow of blood through rotation or other mechanical movement that pushes the liquid, thereby assisting or replacing the heart to maintain blood circulation.
  • the actuator is provided inside the motor 2.
  • the actuator may be a coil or other form of force generator that can generate force by inducing an electromagnetic field, so that the motor 2 can drive the impeller in the pump head 1 to rotate through magnetic coupling or direct driving.
  • the interior of the motor 2 generally also includes contact mechanical bearings, active or passive magnetic suspension bearings, or other types of suspension bearings.
  • the control host 3 may include a system controller and a user interface.
  • the system controller is the core of the entire extracorporeal blood pump system, used to control the operation of the motor, the display of the user interface, data processing, power management, and various alarm and prompt functions for clinical needs.
  • the user interface may include an input part 6 and a display 7.
  • the input component 6 is used for the user to perform input operations to control the motor or perform other function operations; and the display 7 can display important hemodynamic parameters (for example, blood pressure and flow rate, etc.) of the patient 5 and alarm information.
  • the control host 3 needs to be connected to an external AC power source.
  • the control host 3 may also be provided with an uninterruptible power supply (for example, a DC power supply such as a rechargeable battery).
  • An AC or DC power supply can be connected to the system controller to supply power to the control host itself and/or the motor through the system controller.
  • the pump head 1 and the pipeline 4 are connected to the patient's circulatory system through the cannula, and then the medical staff sets the auxiliary mode and degree by operating the user interface of the control host 3.
  • the control host 3 transmits corresponding control signals to the motor 2 according to the set auxiliary mode and degree, so as to control the motor 2 to perform corresponding operations.
  • One of the objectives of the present disclosure is to solve one or more of the above problems and achieve other additional advantages.
  • a motor for an extracorporeal blood pump may include: a housing; an actuator located in the housing, and the actuator is used to drive an impeller in the pump head of the extracorporeal blood pump; and at least A sensor; and a motor drive control assembly located in the housing, the motor drive control assembly is used to control the operation of the motor.
  • the motor drive control assembly may include a sensor interaction circuit and a motor controller, the sensor interaction circuit receives a sensing signal from the sensor and transmits the sensing signal to the motor controller , The motor controller sends a corresponding control signal to the actuator based on the received sensing signal.
  • the motor drive control assembly may further include an amplifier, which amplifies the control signal from the motor controller and transmits it to the actuator.
  • the motor may further include a backup power source integrated into the housing, and the backup power source supplies power to the motor drive control assembly and the actuator when the external power source fails, so as to maintain The normal operation of the motor.
  • the motor drive control component may be integrated on a circuit board.
  • the circuit board may be configured as an integral structure.
  • the circuit board may surround the actuator in a circular, rectangular, or irregular shape.
  • the circuit board may be upright or lying on the periphery of the actuator.
  • the circuit board may lie flat on one side of the actuator.
  • the circuit board may include at least two rigid sections and a connecting element for connecting the at least two rigid sections.
  • each rigid section can be used to perform a part of the drive control function of the motor drive control assembly.
  • the connecting element may be configured as a flexible circuit board for transmitting signals and/or power between the at least two rigid sections.
  • the connecting element may be configured as a connecting plug for transmitting signals and/or power between the at least two rigid sections.
  • the connecting element may be configured as a flexible circuit board for performing a part of the driving control function of the motor driving control assembly.
  • each of the at least two rigid sections may include a rigid circuit board layer and an extended flexible circuit board layer, and the rigid circuit board layer is arranged on the flexible circuit board layer. On at least one side, the flexible board layers are connected together via the connecting element.
  • the circuit board may include a rigid circuit board layer and an extended flexible circuit board layer, the rigid circuit board layer is arranged on at least one side of the flexible circuit board layer and includes two separate layers. One or more rigid sections, so that the circuit board can be bent or folded by means of the flexible circuit board layer.
  • the extended flexible circuit board layer is used to transmit signals and/or power
  • the rigid circuit board layer is used to perform a part of the drive control function of the motor drive control assembly.
  • the circuit board may surround the actuator in a generally "U" shape, rectangular shape, circular shape, semicircular shape, or irregular shape.
  • the circuit board may lie on one side of the actuator in a stacked manner.
  • the motor drive control component may include a transistor and/or a power integrated circuit, and the transistor and/or a power integrated circuit are mounted on the circuit board.
  • the transistor and/or the power integrated circuit can be in contact with the housing, so that the heat from the transistor and/or the power integrated circuit can be dissipated through the housing; or the circuit board and the housing can be The contact enables heat from the transistor and/or power integrated circuit to be dissipated through the thermal path formed on the circuit board and the housing.
  • the outer side of the housing may be provided with a heat dissipation enhancement structure.
  • the heat dissipation enhancement structure may include at least one heat dissipation fin or heat dissipation fin.
  • the housing may have a tripod-shaped structure.
  • the housing may be constructed as a single piece.
  • the housing may be formed of a plurality of parts.
  • the housing may include a first housing and a second housing, and the outer circumference of the second housing is smaller than the outer circumference of the first housing.
  • the motor drive control assembly may be at least partially located in the second housing.
  • the housing may include a first housing and a second housing, and both the first housing and the second housing are in a tripod-shaped structure.
  • the senor may include a displacement sensor.
  • the senor may include a temperature sensor.
  • the motor may be configured as a magnetic levitation motor having a magnetic levitation bearing for suspending the rotor of the impeller.
  • the senor may include a rotation displacement sensor for sensing the rotation speed of the rotor.
  • the senor includes an axial position and/or displacement sensor, and/or a radial position and/or displacement sensor for sensing the suspension position of the rotor.
  • the axial position and/or displacement sensor and/or the radial position and/or displacement sensor are eddy current inductive position and/or displacement sensors.
  • the motor may include a user interface.
  • the user interface may include an input component and an output component.
  • the input part may include a speed setting element in order to implement speed adjustment of the motor and/or start and stop of the motor.
  • the output part may include at least one of a display, an indicator, and an alarm.
  • the motor may further include a signal converter.
  • an extracorporeal blood pump may include a pump head and the motor for the extracorporeal blood pump according to the present disclosure.
  • the pump head may include an impeller with a rotor, and the motor drives the impeller to rotate via the rotor.
  • the pump head and the motor may be configured to be able to be separated from each other.
  • the pump head may include two half shells.
  • the impeller may be accommodated in the internal space formed by the two half shells.
  • an extracorporeal blood pump system may include a control host and the extracorporeal blood pump according to the present disclosure.
  • the control host may include a power electronic circuit to transmit power and command signals to the extracorporeal blood pump.
  • control host and the motor of the extracorporeal blood pump may be connected via only one connecting wire.
  • the connecting wire can transmit power to the motor of the extracorporeal blood pump and can also transmit command signals to the motor of the extracorporeal blood pump.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an existing extracorporeal blood pump system.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an extracorporeal blood pump system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an extracorporeal blood pump according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 4 shows a specific structure of an extracorporeal blood pump according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 5 shows the specific structure of the pump head of the extracorporeal blood pump shown in Fig. 4.
  • 6a and 6b show the appearance of the motor of the extracorporeal blood pump according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the motor of the extracorporeal blood pump according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which shows the "surrounding" motor drive and control assembly.
  • Fig. 8 shows an arrangement style of the "surrounding" motor drive control assembly shown in Fig. 7.
  • FIGS 9 to 13 show the arrangement of the "surrounding" motor drive control assembly according to other embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 14 shows a specific structure of a motor drive control assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 15 shows a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a motor of an extracorporeal blood pump according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, which shows a "stacked" motor drive and control assembly.
  • Fig. 16 shows a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a motor of an extracorporeal blood pump according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, which shows a “flat type” motor drive and control assembly.
  • an element when it is said that an element is “on”, “attached” to another element, “connected” to another element, “coupled” to another element, or “contacting” another element, etc., The element may be directly on another element, attached to another element, connected to another element, coupled to another element, or contacting another element, or an intermediate element may be present. In contrast, it is said that an element is “directly on” another element, “directly attached” to another element, “directly connected” to another element, “directly coupled” to another element or, or “ When directly contacting another element, there will be no intermediate element.
  • a feature when a feature is arranged “adjacent” to another feature, it may mean that a feature has a portion overlapping with an adjacent feature or a portion located above or below the adjacent feature.
  • the motor drive and control components are integrated in the control host.
  • This arrangement enables the control information of the control host and the AC or DC power supply to be conveniently and effectively transmitted to the motor drive control assembly, and then the pulse width modulation (PWM) signal and power are transmitted to the actuator of the motor through the connection line.
  • PWM pulse width modulation
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic principle diagram of an extracorporeal blood pump system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the extracorporeal blood pump system may include an extracorporeal blood pump 10 and a control host 11.
  • the extracorporeal blood pump 10 may include a pump head 12 and a motor 13 for driving the pump head 12.
  • the control host 11 is used to control the motor 13 of the extracorporeal blood pump 10.
  • the motor 13 may include an actuator 14, a sensor 15, and a motor drive control assembly 16 integrated into the motor 13.
  • the actuator 14 is used to drive the impeller of the pump head 12 to rotate, so as to promote the flow of blood and thus assist or replace the heart to maintain blood circulation.
  • the sensor 15 is used to sense information necessary for controlling the motor 13 and transmit it to the motor drive control assembly 16.
  • the motor drive control assembly 16 is used to control the operation of the motor 13.
  • the motor drive control assembly 16 may include a sensor interaction circuit 17, a motor controller 18, and possibly an amplifier 19.
  • the motor drive assembly 16 can perform closed-loop control of the motor 13.
  • the sensor 15 transmits the information it senses (such as the position information of the impeller, speed information, force information, temperature information in the motor, etc.) to the sensor interaction of the motor drive control assembly 16 in the form of electrical signals.
  • On circuit 17. These electrical signals are filtered and amplified and then transmitted to the motor controller 18.
  • the motor controller 18 has corresponding algorithm software, which compares the received electrical signal with the target value and generates a corresponding control command.
  • the control commands are converted into control signals such as current and voltage, and these control signals can be amplified by the amplifier 19 and transmitted to the actuator 14 of the motor 13 so as to realize the closed-loop control of the motor 13.
  • the control host 11 may include a system controller 20 and a user interface 21.
  • the control host 11 may also include a backup power supply 22 to supply power to the control host 11 and the motor 13 and maintain the normal operation of the extracorporeal blood pump system when the external power supply fails.
  • the backup power source 22 may be an uninterrupted power source, such as a rechargeable battery.
  • the system controller 20 may include power electronic circuits.
  • the power electronic circuit can convert alternating current into direct current (AC/DC conversion module) and/or convert direct current into a suitable voltage (DC/DC transformation module) through pulse width modulation, and then convert the converted power with low frequency, bandwidth,
  • the high-amplitude signal is transmitted to the motor drive control assembly 16 of the motor 13.
  • the control host 11 and the motor 13 may be connected by only one connecting wire.
  • the connecting wire can not only transmit power to the motor 13, but also transmit the command signal from the control host 11 to the motor 13.
  • Integrating the motor drive control component 16 into the motor 13 the processing of high-bandwidth signals (such as drive signals and sensor signals) can be completed in the motor 13 itself, leaving only the processing of low-bandwidth signals (such as power signals and user interface signals) ) Is completed in the control host 11, which greatly reduces the dependence of the motor 13 on the control host 11 and the requirements for anti-interference of the connecting wires.
  • only one connecting wire is needed between the control host 11 and the motor 13 to realize the transmission of power and control commands without adding more connecting wires, which will be significant Reduce the communication failure between the control host 11 and the motor 13 and therefore reduce the probability of the motor 13 not working normally.
  • the motor drive control assembly 16 can be better protected. This is because compared with the control host 11, the motor 13 generally has a higher environmental protection level and the motor 13 is generally used more carefully, so that the probability of failure of the motor drive control assembly 16 is greatly reduced.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic principle diagram of an extracorporeal blood pump 50 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the extracorporeal blood pump 50 may include a pump head 51 and a motor 52 for driving the pump head 51.
  • the motor 52 may include an actuator 53, a sensor 54, and a motor drive control assembly 55 integrated to the motor 52.
  • the motor drive control assembly 55 may include a sensor interaction circuit 56, a motor controller 57, and possibly an amplifier 58.
  • the motor drive control assembly 55 can perform closed-loop control of the motor 52.
  • the motor 52 of the extracorporeal blood pump 50 also includes a backup power source 59 integrated into the motor 52.
  • the backup power source 59 may be an uninterruptible power source, such as a rechargeable battery.
  • the backup power source 59 can supply power to the motor drive control assembly 55 and the actuator 53 when the external power source fails, so as to maintain the normal operation of the motor 52.
  • the motor 52 of the extracorporeal blood pump 50 may be provided with a user interface.
  • the user interface may include input components and output components.
  • the input component may include an input element for the user to input any necessary parameters.
  • the input component may include a speed setting element 60 for implementing speed adjustment of the motor 52 and/or starting and stopping of the motor 52 and other operations.
  • the speed setting element 60 can take the form of a button, a knob, a push button, a rocker, a digital setting element, and any other suitable forms.
  • the output component may include any output component that delivers information to the user to satisfy the necessary monitoring functions.
  • the output component may include a display to display information such as the motor speed, temperature, and operating status to the user.
  • the output component may also include an indicator (such as a light emitting diode (LED)) or an alarm (such as a buzzer) to provide an indication or alarm to the user with an optical signal or a sound signal.
  • LED light emitting diode
  • an alarm such as a
  • the motor 52 of the extracorporeal blood pump 50 may include a signal converter 61 integrated to the motor 52.
  • the signal converter 61 can convert the input operation into the control signal required by the motor controller 57 and transmit the control signal to the motor controller 57; and
  • the signal converter 61 can convert the operating status fed back by the motor controller 57 into a corresponding indicator signal and transmit the indicator signal to the output component of the user interface (such as , Displays, indicators, alarms, etc.).
  • the extracorporeal blood pump 50 can include more complete functions and operability required for the normal operation of the motor, thereby enabling the extracorporeal blood pump 50 It can operate independently and safely for at least a period of time in an emergency situation where the control host fails.
  • the extracorporeal blood pump 100 may include a pump head 101 and a motor 102.
  • the pump head 101 may include an impeller 103 with a rotor and two half shells 104 and 105 (as shown in FIG. 5).
  • the impeller 103 is accommodated in the internal space formed by the half shells 104 and 105.
  • the internal spaces in the half-shells 104 and 105 that are not occupied by the impeller 103 form blood flow channels for blood flow.
  • the pump head 101 may be provided with an inlet 106 and an outlet 107. Blood can flow into the pump head 101 via the inlet 106, and flow out of the outlet 107 via the blood flow channel under the rotation of the impeller 103, thereby realizing blood circulation.
  • the motor 102 and the pump head 101 are configured to be separable from each other, so that the motor 102 can be used repeatedly with different pump heads 101.
  • the medical staff can assemble or disassemble the motor 102 and the pump head 101 on site, so as to assemble the new pump head 101 on the motor 102 and discard the used pump head 101 after use.
  • the motor 102 may include a housing, an actuator 112, a sensor 116, and a motor drive control assembly 118.
  • the actuator 112 and the sensor 116 of the motor 102 may be arranged in the housing of the motor 102.
  • the motor drive control assembly 118 of the motor 102 is also integrated in the housing of the motor 102.
  • the housing of the motor 102 may be constructed in a generally tripod-shaped structure with a large upper part and a small lower part.
  • a tripod-shaped structure can provide users with better holding space or enable users to hold the motor 102 in an end-to-disc manner, thereby facilitating users with different hand shapes to conveniently hold the motor 102 in various environments. Or adjust the direction of the motor 102, thus significantly increasing the convenience of use of the motor 102.
  • the housing of the motor 102 may be constructed as a single piece, or may be constructed as two or more separate components.
  • the housing of the motor 102 is configured to include an upper housing 108 and a lower housing 109, wherein the outer circumference of the lower housing 109 may be smaller than the outer circumference of the upper housing 108, so that The motor 102 has a substantially tripod-shaped structure.
  • the cross section of the upper housing 108 may have a substantially circular shape
  • the cross section of the lower housing 109 may have a substantially rounded rectangular shape.
  • the present disclosure is not limited to this, and the cross section of the lower housing 109 may be configured into various shapes such as a square, an ellipse, a pentagon, a hexagon, an octagon, a circle, an irregular polygon, and a special shape.
  • the housing of the motor 102 may also be configured to consist of two left and right housings.
  • the left shell and the right shell may both have a substantially tripod-shaped structure with a large upper part and a small lower part.
  • the housing of the motor 102 may also be constructed in any other suitable manner.
  • the motor 102 may be configured as a magnetic levitation motor.
  • the actuator 112 of the magnetic levitation motor may include a rotary actuator 110 and a levitation actuator 111.
  • the rotation actuator 110 is used to drive the impeller 103 to rotate by driving the rotor 113 of the impeller 103 of the pump head 101.
  • the suspension actuator 111 may include a magnetic suspension bearing for suspending the rotor 113 of the impeller 103.
  • the impeller 103 does not physically contact or rub against any other parts during operation, so as not to cause mechanical damage to the blood.
  • the motor 102 may also be other types of motors.
  • the motor 102 may be a motor with a traditional mechanical contact bearing.
  • FIG. 7 also shows the sensor 116 located in the housing of the motor 102.
  • the sensor 116 may include a displacement sensor.
  • the sensor 116 may include a rotation displacement sensor for sensing the rotation speed of the rotor 113 to perform rotation speed feedback control.
  • the sensor 116 may also include a radial position and/or displacement sensor, and/or an axial position and/or a radial position and/or displacement sensor for sensing the levitation position of the rotor 113 to control the levitation position of the rotor.
  • Motion detector is configured as a magnetic levitation motor.
  • the radial position and/or displacement sensor and/or axial position and/or displacement sensor used to control the rotor suspension position can be an eddy current induction type position and/or displacement sensor, which has high sensitivity and is very suitable for Sensing the floating position of the rotor.
  • the sensor 116 may also include a temperature sensor or a sensor for sensing other parameters.
  • the motor drive control assembly 118 may adopt a “surround type” design to minimize the space occupied by the motor drive control assembly 118.
  • the motor drive control component 118 may be integrated on the circuit board.
  • the circuit board may be configured to include two or more rigid sections and connecting elements for connecting the rigid sections. Each rigid section can be used to perform a part of the function of the motor drive control assembly 118 respectively.
  • the connecting element can connect each rigid section at various appropriate angles, so that the circuit board can be formed into a variety of different configurations.
  • the motor drive control assembly 118 can communicate with the actuator 112 of the motor 102 (including the rotary actuator 110 and the suspension actuator 111) and the sensor 116 in a wired or wireless manner (as shown by the dotted line with arrow in Figure 7). Show).
  • the circuit board on which the motor drive control assembly 118 is integrated includes three rigid sections 119, 120, and 121.
  • the components of the motor drive control assembly 118 can be divided into three groups that perform different functions and are respectively arranged on the three rigid sections, so that the three rigid sections are combined to realize the entire drive of the motor drive control assembly 118. Control function.
  • the sensor interaction circuit of the motor drive control assembly 118 may be arranged on the rigid section 119
  • the motor controller may be arranged on the rigid section 120
  • the amplifier may be arranged on the rigid section 120.
  • the motor drive control assembly 118 can be divided into functional types, and the integrated control components of the motor drive control assembly 118 are arranged on the rigid section 119, the sensor drive components are arranged on the rigid section 120, and the power management components are arranged on the rigid section. On paragraph 121, etc.
  • the components of the motor drive control assembly 118 may be transistors and/or power integrated circuits. Grouping the components of the motor drive control assembly 118 and arranging each group of components on different rigid sections of the circuit board can keep some of the more sensitive components away from the high-power components, thereby minimizing the mutual interference between components and the The noise produced.
  • the connecting element for connecting the rigid sections 119, 120 and 121 is the flexible circuit board 122.
  • the flexible circuit board 122 does not perform the drive control function of the motor drive control assembly 118, but is only used to transmit signals and/or power between the rigid sections 119, 120, and 121. Due to the existence of the flexible circuit board 122, the motor drive control assembly 118 can be bent or folded in any suitable shape, so that the motor drive control assembly 118 can better fit the inner space of the motor housing.
  • the rigid sections 119, 120, and 121 are configured in a generally U-shaped shape and uprightly surround the actuator 112 (the rotary actuator 110 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7). Of course, the present disclosure is not limited to this, and the rigid sections 119, 120, and 121 may also lie flat or surround the actuator 112 in other ways.
  • the connecting element for connecting the rigid section may be a connecting plug.
  • the connecting plug can be configured to be able to connect any two rigid sections at an appropriate angle, so as to configure the motor drive control assembly into an appropriate shape to fit the inner space of the motor housing.
  • the connection plug can be used to transfer signals and/or power between rigid sections.
  • the connecting plug can be rigid.
  • the connecting element for connecting the rigid section may also be a flexible circuit board for performing a part of the function of the motor drive control assembly 118.
  • components such as transistors and/or power integrated circuits of the motor drive control assembly 118 may be in contact with the housing of the motor 102, so that the heat from the components such as the transistors and/or power integrated circuits can pass through the motor.
  • the housing of 102 radiates out.
  • the motor drive control assembly 118 can also be arranged such that the circuit board is in contact with the housing of the motor 102 (in this case, there may be other thermally conductive materials between the circuit board and the housing of the motor 102, such as a thin thermally conductive sheet, etc.) , So that heat from components such as transistors and/or power integrated circuits can be dissipated through the thermal path formed on the circuit board and the housing of the motor 102.
  • the rigid section of the circuit board can be brought into contact with the housing of the motor 102 (in this case, there may be other thermally conductive materials between the rigid section and the housing of the motor 102, such as Thin thermally conductive sheets, etc.) so that heat from components such as transistors and/or power integrated circuits can be dissipated through the heat path formed on the rigid section of the circuit board and the housing of the motor 102.
  • a heat dissipation enhancement structure 123 may also be provided on the outside of the housing of the motor 102.
  • the heat dissipation enhancement structure 123 may include at least one heat dissipation fin or heat dissipation fin.
  • the heat dissipation enhancement structure 123 may be integrally formed with the housing of the motor 102.
  • the heat dissipation enhancement structure 123 can be arranged on the outer side of the area of the housing of the motor 102 that is in contact with the transistors and/or power integrated circuits of the motor drive control circuit 118 or the area in contact with the rigid section of the circuit board for faster Heat dissipation.
  • the circuit board 124 on which the motor drive control assembly is integrated includes four rigid sections, and two rigid sections are arranged on opposite sides of the actuator 112 of the motor 102. The four rigid sections are connected by connecting elements 126.
  • the circuit board 124 on which the motor drive control component is integrated includes two rigid sections. Each rigid section is configured into a generally “L” shape, so that the two rigid sections can be connected by the connecting element 126 into a generally rectangular shape.
  • the circuit board 124 on which the motor drive control component is integrated includes three rigid sections.
  • Each rigid section is configured in an arc shape, so that the three rigid sections can be connected by the connecting element 126 into a substantially circular or semicircular shape.
  • the circuit board 124 on which the motor drive control component is integrated has an integrated structure.
  • the circuit board 124 having an integrated structure is configured into a substantially rectangular shape; and in the embodiment shown in FIG. 13, the circuit board 124 having an integrated structure is configured in a circular shape. shape.
  • the circuit board 124 or each rigid section of the circuit board 124 can be uprightly surrounded around the actuator of the motor 102, or it can lie flat or surround in other ways. Around the actuator of the motor 102.
  • the circuit board 124 may also be configured in other styles different from those shown in FIGS. 9 to 13, such as other styles with special shapes.
  • the connection element 126 may be configured as a flexible circuit board or a connection plug. The connecting plug can be rigid.
  • the circuit board 128 on which the motor drive control component is integrated may include an extended flexible circuit board layer 130 for transmitting signals/or power and for performing motor drive control.
  • Rigid circuit board layer 132 for component drive and control functions.
  • the rigid circuit board layer 132 may be arranged on at least one side of the flexible circuit board layer 130 (in the embodiment shown in FIG. 14, arranged on both sides of the flexible circuit board layer 130) and include two or more separated from each other. Rigid section.
  • Such a multi-layer structure design enables the circuit board 128 to form a complete circuit system, which cannot be directly separated by non-destructive means; at the same time, the circuit board 128 can be bent or folded more easily.
  • Such a multi-layer structure design provides at least the following advantages: 1) It can avoid interference between signals in a compact structure, so as to better complete signal transmission; 2) It avoids the use of connecting elements (such as connecting plugs, which are easy to use). Release after multiple uses), thereby having higher reliability; and 3) providing better flexibility and flexibility in spatial arrangement, so as to minimize the volume.
  • each rigid section may also be designed to include an extended flexible circuit board layer for transmitting signals and/or power and for performing motor drive.
  • the rigid circuit board layer that drives the control function as part of the control component.
  • the rigid circuit board layer may be arranged on at least one side of the flexible circuit board layer (for example, arranged on both sides of the flexible circuit board layer to form a sandwich biscuit structure).
  • the flexible circuit board layers can be connected together via connecting elements, thereby realizing the interconnection between the various rigid sections.
  • Such a multi-layer structure design can further enhance the flexibility and flexibility of the circuit board while avoiding interference between signals.
  • Figures 15 and 16 show two other arrangements of the motor drive control assembly.
  • the circuit board 134 on which the motor drive control component is integrated includes a plurality of rigid sections. The plurality of rigid sections lie flat under the actuator 112 of the motor in a stacked manner.
  • the circuit board 136 on which the motor drive control component is integrated has an integrated structure and the circuit board 136 lies flat under the actuator 112 of the motor.

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Abstract

用于体外血泵（10，50，100）的马达（13，52，102）、体外血泵（10，50，100）、和体外血泵系统。用于体外血泵（10，50，100）的马达（13，52，102）包括：壳体；位于壳体内的执行机构（14，53，112），执行机构（14，53，112）用于驱动体外血泵（10，50，100）的泵头（1）中的叶轮；位于壳体内的至少一个传感器（15，54，116）；和位于壳体内的马达驱控组件（16，55，118），马达驱控组件（16，55，118）用于控制马达（13，52，102）的运行。通过将马达驱控组件（16，55，118）集成至马达（13，52，102）的壳体，能够显著降低马达（13，52，102）对体外血泵（10，50，100）的控制主机（11）的依赖性、并能够显著降低马达（13，52，102）与控制主机（11）之间出现通信问题的风险和马达驱控组件（16，55，118）出现故障的风险，从而能够极大地提高体外血泵（10，50，100）的安全性和可靠性。

Description

用于体外血泵的马达、体外血泵、和体外血泵系统 技术领域
本公开总体上涉及医疗器械领域。更特别地，本公开涉及一种用于体外血泵的马达、包含该马达的体外血泵、以及包含该体外血泵和控制主机的体外血泵系统。
背景技术
在心脏失去泵血功能(例如停跳心脏手术、急性心源性休克等)的情况下，可以使用血泵来代替心脏，以便辅助维持人体血液循环。根据植入性和临床用途，血泵可以分为可植入血泵和体外血泵。可植入血泵能够被植入到患者体内，以暂时地或长期地维持人体血液循环，其主要用于终末期心衰患者的移植替代治疗。体外血泵可以在体外使用，以便用较小的创伤来提供过渡性生命支持和治疗。
如图1所示，完整的体外血泵系统通常包括泵头1、用于驱动泵头1的马达2、用于操控马达2的控制主机3、以及用于实现泵头1和患者5之间的血液联通的管道4。其中，马达2和控制主机3属于可重复使用的设备，而泵头1和管道4属于接触血液的一次性用品。
泵头1的内部设置有叶轮，叶轮通过转动或其它推动液体的机械运动来促进血液的流动，从而辅助或替代心脏来维持血液的循环。
马达2的内部设置有执行机构。执行机构可以是能够通过感应电磁场产生力的线圈或其它形式的力发生器，以使得马达2能够通过磁力耦合或直接驱动的方式驱动泵头1内的叶轮旋转。为了驱动泵头1内的叶轮旋转，马达2的内部一般还包括接触式机械轴承、主动或被动的磁悬浮轴承、或其他类型的悬浮轴承。
控制主机3可以包括系统控制器和使用者界面。系统控制器是整个体外血泵系统的核心，用于控制马达的操作、使用者界面的显示、数据处理、电源管理、以及执行临床需要的各种报警和提示功能等。使用者界面可以包括输入部件6和显示器7。输入部件6用于供使用者进行输入操作，以控制马达或进行其它功能的操作；而显示器7可以显示患者5的重要血流动力学参数(比如，血压和流量等)以及报警信息。
控制主机3需要与外部交流电源连接。在一些情况下，控制主机3的内部也可以设置有不间断电源(例如，可充电电池等直流电源)。交流或直流电源可以与系统控制器连接，以通过系统控制器对控制主机本身和/或马达供电。
在使用时，将泵头1和管道4通过插管与患者的循环系统相连接，然后医护人员通过操作控制主机3的使用者界面设定辅助模式和程度。控制主机3根据所设定的辅助模式和程度而将相应的控制信号传输至马达2，以便控制马达2执行相应的操作。
然而，实践中发现，在目前的体外血泵系统中，控制主机3容易出现故障且控制主机3和马达2之间经常出现通信问题，从而导致整个体外血泵系统不能正常运行并因此危及病人的生命。为此，目前采用的唯一保障方式是置换整套的控制主机3和马达2(在使用过程中出现问题时，一般情况下难以诊断确切的失效原因且情况紧急，所以只能置换整套控制主机和马达)。从风险控制的角度来说，这样的保障方式意味着需要随时提供备用的控制主机和马达。这不仅限制了体外血泵在临床上的使用(例如，在救护车中通常不具有同时配备两套控制主机的空间)、增加了病人在置换过程时丧生的风险，而且增加了使用成本。
发明内容
本公开的目的之一是解决以上问题中的一个或多个并实现其它额外的优点。
在本公开的第一方面，提供了一种用于体外血泵的马达。所述用于体外血泵的马达可以包括：壳体；位于所述壳体内的执行机构，所述执行机构用于驱动所述体外血泵的泵头中的叶轮；位于所述壳体内的至少一个传感器；和位于所述壳体内的马达驱控组件，所述马达驱控组件用于控制所述马达的运行。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述马达驱控组件可以包括传感器交互电路和马达控制器，所述传感器交互电路接收来自所述传感器的感测信号并将所述感测信号传输至马达控制器，所述马达控制器基于所接收到的感测信号而向所述执行机构发出相应的控制信号。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述马达驱控组件还可以包括放大器，所述放大器将来自所述马达控制器的控制信号放大后传输至所述执行机构。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述马达还可以包括集成至所述壳体的备用电源，所述备用电源在外部电源出现故障时向所述马达驱控组件和所述执行机构供电，以维持所述马达的正常运行。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述马达驱控组件可以集成在电路板上。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述电路板可以构造成一体式结构。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述电路板可以以圆形、矩形、或异形的形状围绕在 所述执行机构的周围。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述电路板可以直立地或平躺地围绕在所述执行机构的周围。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述电路板可以平躺在所述执行机构的一侧。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述电路板可以包括至少两个刚性区段和用于连接所述至少两个刚性区段的连接元件。
根据本公开的一个实施例，每个刚性区段可以分别用于执行所述马达驱控组件的一部分驱控功能。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述连接元件可以构造成用于在所述至少两个刚性区段之间传递信号和/或电力的柔性电路板。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述连接元件可以构造成用于在所述至少两个刚性区段之间传递信号和/或电力的连接插头。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述连接元件可以构造成用于执行所述马达驱控组件的一部分驱控功能的柔性电路板。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述至少两个刚性区段中的每一个均可以包括刚性电路板层和延伸的柔性电路板层，所述刚性电路板层布置在所述柔性电路板层的至少一侧，所述柔性板层经由所述连接元件而连接在一起。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述电路板可以包括刚性电路板层和延伸的柔性电路板层，所述刚性电路板层布置在所述柔性电路板层的至少一侧并且包括彼此分开的两个或更多个刚性区段，以使得所述电路板能够借助于所述柔性电路板层弯曲或折叠。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述延伸的柔性电路板层用于传输信号和/或电力，所述刚性电路板层用于执行所述马达驱控组件的一部分驱控功能。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述电路板可以以大体“U”形、矩形、圆形、半圆形、或异形的形状围绕在所述执行机构的周围。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述电路板可以以堆叠的方式平躺在所述执行机构的一侧。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述马达驱控组件可以包括晶体管和/或功率集成电路，所述晶体管和/或功率集成电路安装在所述电路板上。所述晶体管和/或功率集成电路与所述壳体可以接触，使得来自所述晶体管和/或功率集成电路的热量能够通过所述壳体散发出去；或者所述电路板与所述壳体可以接触，使得来自所述晶体管和/ 或功率集成电路的热量能够通过形成在所述电路板和所述壳体上的热路径散发出去。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述壳体的外侧可以设置有散热增强结构。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述散热增强结构可以包括至少一个散热鳍片或散热肋片。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述壳体可以呈鼎形结构。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述壳体可以构造成一体件。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述壳体可以由多个部件形成。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述壳体可以包括第一壳体和第二壳体，所述第二壳体的外周小于所述第一壳体的外周。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述马达驱控组件可以至少部分位于所述第二壳体内。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述壳体可以包括第一壳体和第二壳体，所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体均呈鼎形结构。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述传感器可以包括位移传感器。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述传感器可以包括温度传感器。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述马达可以构造成具有磁悬浮轴承的磁悬浮马达，所述磁悬浮轴承用于悬浮所述叶轮的转子。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述传感器可以包括用于感测所述转子的转速的转动位移传感器。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述传感器包括用于感测所述转子的悬浮位置的轴向位置和/或位移传感器、和/或径向位置和/或位移传感器。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述轴向位置和/或位移传感器和/或所述径向位置和/或位移传感器是电涡流感应式位置和/或位移传感器。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述马达可以包括使用者界面。所述使用者界面可以包括输入部件和输出部件。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述输入部件可以包括速度设定元件，以便实施所述马达的速度调节和/或所述马达的启动和停止。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述输出部件可以包括显示器、指示器、和报警器中的至少一者。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述马达还可以包括信号转换器。
在本公开的第二方面，提供了一种体外血泵。所述体外血泵可以包括泵头和根据本公开所述的用于体外血泵的马达。所述泵头可以包括带转子的叶轮，所述马达经由所述转子驱动所述叶轮旋转。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述泵头和所述马达可以构造成能够彼此分离。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述泵头可以包括两个半壳体。所述叶轮可以容纳在由所述两个半壳体所形成的内部空间内。
在本公开的第三方面，提供了一种体外血泵系统。所述体外血泵系统可以包括控制主机和根据本公开所述的体外血泵。所述控制主机可以包括电力电子电路，以便向所述体外血泵传输电力和指令信号。
根据本公开的一个实施例，所述控制主机和所述体外血泵的马达可以仅经由一条连接导线连接。所述连接导线既能够向所述体外血泵的马达传输电力，也能够向所述体外血泵的马达传输指令信号。
本公开的附加和/或其他方面和优点将在下文的描述中阐述，或者从描述中显而易见或者可以通过本发明的实践来学习。本公开的各种技术特征可以任意组合，只要它们不相互矛盾即可。
附图说明
结合附图，参考下面对本公开的具体实施方式的详细描述，本公开的上面提到的特征和优点和其他特征和优点、以及实现它们的方式将会变得更加显而易见。在附图中：
图1是现有的体外血泵系统的示意图。
图2是根据本公开的一个实施例的体外血泵系统的原理图。
图3是根据本公开的另一个实施例的体外血泵的原理图。
图4示出了根据本公开的一个实施例的体外血泵的具体结构。
图5示出了图4所示的体外血泵的泵头的具体结构。
图6a和图6b示出了根据本公开的一个实施例的体外血泵的马达的外观图。
图7示出了根据本公开的一个实施例的体外血泵的马达的内部结构的示意图，其示出了“围绕式”马达驱控组件。
图8示出了图7所示的“围绕式”马达驱控组件的一种布置样式。
图9至图13示出了根据本公开的其它实施例的“围绕式”马达驱控组件的布置 样式。
图14示出了根据本公开的一个实施例的马达驱控组件的具体结构。
图15示出了根据本公开的另一个实施例的体外血泵的马达的内部结构的示意图，其示出了“堆叠式”马达驱控组件。
图16示出了根据本公开的又一个实施例的体外血泵的马达的内部结构的示意图，其示出了“平躺式”马达驱控组件。
在附图中，相应的附图标记表示相应的部件。这里描述的示例用于阐述本发明的示例性方面，这些示例不应被解释为以任何方式限制本公开的范围。
具体实施方式
以下将参考附图描述本公开，其中的附图示出了本公开的若干实施例。然而应当理解的是，本公开可以以多种不同的方式呈现出来，并不局限于下文描述的实施例；事实上，下文描述的实施例旨在使本公开的公开更为完整，并向本领域技术人员充分说明本公开的保护范围。还应当理解的是，本文公开的实施例能够以各种方式进行组合，从而提供更多额外的实施例。
出于描述的目的，术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“横向”、“纵向”以及它们的派生词均与本公开的附图中的取向有关。然而应该理解的是，本公开可以采用各种替代性的变型，除非明确相反地说明。例如，在附图中的装置倒转时，原先描述为在其它特征“下方”的特征，此时可以描述为在其它特征的“上方”。装置还可以以其它方式定向(旋转90度或在其它方位)，此时将相应地解释相对空间关系。
说明书使用的单数形式“一”、“所述”和“该”除非清楚指明，均包含复数形式。说明书使用的用辞“包括”、“包含”和“含有”表示存在所声称的特征，但并不排斥存在一个或多个其它特征。说明书使用的用辞“和/或”包括相关列出项中的一个或多个的任意和全部组合。
在说明书中，称一个元件位于另一元件“上”、“附接”至另一元件、“连接”至另一元件、“联接”至另一元件、或“接触”另一元件等时，该元件可以直接位于另一元件上、附接至另一元件、连接至另一元件、联接至另一元件或接触另一元件，或者可以存在中间元件。相对照的是，称一个元件“直接”位于另一元件“上”、“直接附接”至另一元件、“直接连接”至另一元件、“直接联接”至另一元件或、或“直 接接触”另一元件时，将不存在中间元件。在说明书中，一个特征布置成与另一特征“相邻”，可以指一个特征具有与相邻特征重叠的部分或者位于相邻特征上方或下方的部分。
申请人研究发现，用于控制马达的马达驱控组件是体外血泵系统能否可靠运行的关键所在。
具体地，在现有的体外血泵系统中，受限于马达的复杂结构和体积限制，马达驱控组件均被集成在控制主机内。这样的布置能够让控制主机的控制信息以及交流或直流电源方便且有效地传输到马达驱控组件，进而通过连接线将比如脉冲宽度调制(PWM)信号和电力传输到马达的执行机构上。
然而，申请人发现，在将马达驱控组件集成在控制主机中的情况下，马达对控制主机具有很强的依赖性。一旦控制主机发生故障或者控制主机与马达之间出现通信问题，则马达就会停止运行并导致整个体外血泵系统不能工作。由于控制主机具有较低的环境防护等级并且经常遭遇粗暴的使用条件，其故障发生率在体外血泵中是很高的，因此也容易导致马达不能正常运行。
其次，在体外血泵的马达中越来越多地采用主动或被动的磁悬浮轴承以降低血液的机械损伤。与传统的使用接触式机械轴承的马达相比，采用磁悬浮轴承的马达需要执行更多的自由度控制。这要求在马达内集成更多的传感器，并因此需要增加控制主机和马达之间的连接线。增加控制主机和马达之间的连接线会极大降低连接线的稳定性，从而显著增加控制主体和马达之间出现通信问题的风险。
鉴于此，提出了根据本公开的体外血泵系统。图2示出了根据本公开的一个实施例的体外血泵系统的示意性原理图。体外血泵系统可以包括体外血泵10和控制主机11。体外血泵10可以包括泵头12和用于驱动泵头12的马达13。控制主机11用于操控体外血泵10的马达13。
马达13可以包括执行机构14、传感器15、以及集成至马达13的马达驱控组件16。执行机构14用于驱动泵头12的叶轮旋转，以促进血液的流动并因此辅助或替代心脏来维持血液的循环。传感器15用于感测控制马达13所必需的信息并将其传输至马达驱控组件16。马达驱控组件16用于控制马达13的运行。
在根据本公开的实施例中，马达驱控组件16可以包括传感器交互电路17、马达控制器18、以及可能的放大器19。马达驱动组件16可以对马达13进行闭环控制。在进行闭环控制时，传感器15将其感测到的信息(比如叶轮的位置信息、速度信息、 力信息、马达内的温度信息等)以电信号的形式传输到马达驱控组件16的传感器交互电路17上。这些电信号经滤波、放大后被传输至马达控制器18。马达控制器18具有相应的算法软件，其将接收到的电信号与目标值进行比较并产生相应的控制指令。控制指令被转化成电流、电压等控制信号，这些控制信号可以经放大器19放大后传送至马达13的执行机构14，从而实现马达13的闭环控制。
控制主机11可以包括系统控制器20和使用者界面21。控制主机11还可以包括备用电源22，以在外部电源出现故障时向控制主机11和马达13供电并维持体外血泵系统的正常运行。备用电源22可以是无间断电源，比如，可充电电池。系统控制器20可以包括电力电子电路。电力电子电路可以通过脉冲宽度调制将交流电转换成直流电(AC/DC转换模块)、和/或将直流电转换成合适的电压(DC/DC变压模块)，然后将转换后的电力以低频宽、高幅值的信号传输至马达13的马达驱控组件16。在根据本公开的实施例中，控制主机11和马达13之间可以仅通过一条连接导线连接。该连接导线既可以向马达13传输电力，又可以向马达13传输来自控制主机11的指令信号。
将马达驱控组件16集成到马达13中，高频宽信号(例如驱动信号和传感器信号)的处理能够在马达13自身完成，而只留下低频宽信号(例如电力信号以及使用者界面信号)的处理)在控制主机11中完成，这大大降低了马达13对控制主机11的依赖性以及对连接导线抗干扰的要求。另外，将马达驱控组件16集成到马达13中之后，控制主机11和马达13之间只需要一条连接导线即可实现电力和控制指令的传输，而无需增加更多的连接导线，这会显著降低控制主机11和马达13之间的通信故障并因此降低马达13不能正常工作的概率。再者，通过将马达驱控组件16集成到马达13中，能够更好地保护马达驱动组件16。这是因为与控制主机11相比，马达13通常具有更高的环境防护等级且马达13通常会被更小心地使用，从而使得马达驱控组件16发生故障的概率大大降低。
图3示出了根据本公开的另一个实施例的体外血泵50的示意性原理图。体外血泵50可以包括泵头51和用于驱动泵头51的马达52。马达52可以包括执行机构53、传感器54、以及集成至马达52的马达驱控组件55。马达驱控组件55可以包括传感器交互电路56、马达控制器57、以及可能的放大器58。马达驱控组件55可以对马达52进行闭环控制。
与体外血泵10不同，体外血泵50的马达52还包括集成至马达52的备用电源59。 备用电源59可以是无间断电源，比如，可充电电池。备用电源59可以在外部电源出现故障时向马达驱控组件55和执行机构53供电，以维持马达52的正常运行。
体外血泵50的马达52可以设置有使用者界面。使用者界面可以包括输入部件和输出部件。输入部件可以包括供使用者输入任何必要参数的输入元件。比如，输入部件可以包括速度设定元件60，以用于实施马达52的速度调节和/或马达52的启动和停止等操作。速度设定元件60可以呈按钮、旋钮、推扭、摇杆、数字设定元件、以及其它任何适当的形式。输出部件可以包括向使用者传递信息以满足必要监控功能的任何输出元件。比如，输出部件可以包括显示器，以向使用者显示马达转速、温度、运行状态等信息。输出部件也可以包括指示器(比如发光二极管(LED))或报警器(比如蜂鸣器)，以便以光学信号或声音信号向使用者提供指示或警报。
体外血泵50的马达52可以包括集成至马达52的信号转换器61。当使用者通过使用者界面的输入部件进行马达的输入操作时，信号转换器61可以将该输入操作转换成马达控制器57所需的控制信号并将控制信号传输至马达控制器57；并且当马达控制器57向用户反馈比如马达52的运行情况时，信号转换器61可以将马达控制器57所反馈的运行情况转换成相应的指示信号并将指示信号传送给使用者界面的输出部件(比如，显示器、指示器、报警器等)。
通过将备用电源59、使用者界面、和/或信号转换器61等集成至马达52，体外血泵50可以包括马达正常运转所需要的更完备的功能和可操作性，从而使得体外血泵50在控制主机失效的紧急情况下可以独立地安全运行至少一段时间。
图4至图8示出了根据本公开的一个实施例的体外血泵100的具体结构。体外血泵100可以包括泵头101和马达102。泵头101可以包括带转子的叶轮103和两个半壳体104和105(如图5所示)。叶轮103被容纳在由半壳体104和105所形成的内部空间中。半壳体104和105中的没有被叶轮103所占据的内部空间形成用于血液流动的血流通道。泵头101可以设置有入口106和出口107。血液可以经由入口106流入泵头101内、在叶轮103的旋转推动下经由血流通道从出口107流出，从而实现血液的循环。
参照图4，马达102与泵头101构造成能够彼此分离，使得马达102可以搭配不同的泵头101重复使用。医护人员可以在现场对马达102和泵头101进行组装或拆卸，以便将新的泵头101组装在马达102上并在使用后丢弃使用过的泵头101。
马达102可以包括壳体、执行机构112、传感器116、和马达驱控组件118。马达 102的执行机构112和传感器116可以布置在马达102的壳体内。马达102的马达驱控组件118也集成在马达102的壳体内。
马达102的壳体可以构造成上部大而下部小的大体鼎形的结构。这样的鼎形结构能够给使用者提供更好的手持空间或者使得使用者能够以端盘式的方式握持马达102，从而便于手形大小不同的使用者在各种环境下方便地握持马达102或者调整马达102的方向，因此显著增加了马达102的使用便捷性。
马达102的壳体可以构造成一体件，也可以构造成由两个或更多个单独的部件构成。比如，在图4所示的实施例中，马达102的壳体被构造成包括上壳体108和下壳体109，其中，下壳体109的外周可以小于上壳体108的外周，从而使得马达102呈大体鼎形的结构。参照图6a和图6b，在根据本公开的实施例中，上壳体108的横截面可以呈大体圆形的形状，而下壳体109的横截面可以呈大体圆角矩形的形状。然而，本公开不局限于此，可以将下壳体109的横截面构造成正方形、椭圆形、五边形、六边形、八边形、圆形、不规则多边形、异形等各种形状。
在本公开的其它实施例中，马达102的壳体还可以构造成由左右两个壳体构成。左壳体和右壳体可以均呈现上部大而下部小的大体鼎形的结构。另外，马达102的壳体还可以以任何其它合适的方式构造。
参照图7描述马达102的具体结构。在根据本公开的实施例中，马达102可以构造成磁悬浮马达。磁悬浮马达的执行机构112可以包括旋转执行机构110和悬浮执行机构111。旋转执行机构110用于通过驱动泵头101的叶轮103的转子113而驱动叶轮103旋转。悬浮执行机构111可以包括磁悬浮轴承，以用于悬浮叶轮103的转子113。在马达102构造成磁悬浮马达的情况下，叶轮103在工作过程中不与任何其它部件进行物理接触或碰擦，从而不会对血液造成机械损伤。当然，马达102也可以是其它类型的马达，比如，马达102可以是具有传统的机械接触式轴承的马达。
图7还示出了位于马达102的壳体内的传感器116。在根据本公开的实施例中，传感器116可以包括位移传感器，比如，传感器116可以包括用于感测转子113的转速以进行转速回馈控制的转动位移传感器。在马达102构造成磁悬浮马达的情况下，传感器116还可以包括用于感测转子113的悬浮位置以进行转子悬浮位置控制的径向位置和/或位移传感器、和/或轴向位置和/或位移传感器。用于进行转子悬浮位置控制的径向位置和/或位移传感器和/或轴向位置和/或位移传感器可以是电涡流感应式位置和/或位移传感器，其具有很高的灵敏度，非常适用于感测转子的悬浮位置。在 根据本公开的其它实施例中，传感器116还可以包括温度传感器或用于感测其它参数的传感器。
参照图4、图7和图8来描述马达102的马达驱控组件118的具体结构和布置。马达驱控组件118可以采用“围绕式”的设计，以最小化马达驱控组件118所占据的空间。马达驱控组件118可以集成在电路板上。电路板可以构造成包括两个或更多个刚性区段以及用于连接所述刚性区段的连接元件。每个刚性区段可以分别用于执行马达驱控组件118的一部分功能。连接元件可以以各种适当的角度连接每个刚性区段，以使得电路板可以形成各种不同的构造。马达驱控组件118可以以有线或无线的方式与马达102的执行机构112(包括旋转执行机构110和悬浮执行机构111)以及传感器116进行信号的相互传输(如图7中的带箭头的虚线所示)。
在图4、图7和图8所示的实施例中，马达驱控组件118集成于其上的电路板包括三个刚性区段119、120、121。马达驱控组件118的部件可以被分成执行不同功能的三个组并被分别布置在所述三个刚性区段上，使得所述三个刚性区段结合起来实现马达驱控组件118的整个驱控功能。比如，马达驱控组件118的传感器交互电路可以布置在刚性区段119上，马达控制器可以布置在刚性区段120上，而放大器可以布置在刚性区段120上。又或者可以将马达驱控组件118以功能类型划分，将马达驱控组件118的综合控制部件布置在刚性区段119上、传感器驱动部件布置在刚性区段120上、电源管理部件布置在刚性区段121上，等等。马达驱控组件118的部件可以是晶体管和/或功率集成电路等。将马达驱控组件118的部件分组，并将各组部件布置在电路板的不同刚性区段上，能够使得一些比较敏感的部件远离大功率部件，从而最小化了部件之间的相互干扰以及所产生的噪音。
在图4、图7和图8所示的实施例中，用于连接刚性区段119、120和121的连接元件为柔性电路板122。在该实施例中，柔性电路板122不执行马达驱控组件118的驱控功能，而仅用于在刚性区段119、120和121之间传递信号和/或电力。由于柔性电路板122的存在，马达驱控组件118可以以任何适当的形状弯曲或折叠，从而使得马达驱控组件118可以更好地适配马达壳体的内部空间。在该实施例中，刚性区段119、120和121构造成大体U形的形状并且直立地围绕在执行机构112(在图7所示的实施例中为旋转执行机构110)的周围。当然，本公开不局限于此，刚性区段119、120和121也可以平躺地或者以其它方式围绕在执行机构112的周围。
在根据本公开的其它实施例中，用于连接刚性区段的连接元件可以是连接插头。 连接插头可以构造成能够以适当的角度连接任意两个刚性区段，以便将马达驱控组件构造成适当的形状，以适配马达壳体的内部空间。连接插头可以用于在刚性区段之间传递信号和/或电力。连接插头可以是刚性的。
在根据本公开的其它实施例中，用于连接刚性区段的连接元件还可以是用于执行马达驱控组件118的一部分功能的柔性电路板。
在根据本公开的实施例中，马达驱控组件118的晶体管和/或功率集成电路等部件可以与马达102的壳体接触，以使得来自晶体管和/或功率集成电路等部件的热量能够经由马达102的壳体散发出去。马达驱控组件118也可以布置成使得电路板与马达102的壳体接触(在该情况下，电路板和马达102的壳体之间可以存在其它热传导材料，比如，薄的热传导片材等)，以使得来自晶体管和/或功率集成电路等部件的热量能够通过形成在电路板和马达102的壳体上的热路径散发出去。在电路板包括刚性区段的情况下，可以使电路板的刚性区段与马达102的壳体接触(在该情况下，刚性区段和马达102的壳体之间可以存在其它热传导材料，比如薄的热传导片材等)，以使得来自晶体管和/或功率集成电路等部件的热量能够通过形成在电路板的刚性区段和马达102的壳体上的热路径散发出去。为了增强散热，还可以在马达102的壳体外侧设置散热增强结构123(如图6所示)。散热增强结构123可以包括至少一个散热鳍片或散热肋片。散热增强结构123可以与马达102的壳体一体形成。散热增强结构123可以设置在马达102的壳体的与马达驱控电路118的晶体管和/或功率集成电路等部件接触的区域或者与电路板的刚性区段接触的区域的外侧，以便更快速地散热。
参照图9至图13，示出了根据本公开的其它实施例的“围绕式”马达驱控组件的布置样式。在图9所示的实施例中，马达驱控组件集成于其上的电路板124包括四个刚性区段，在马达102的执行机构112的相对两侧各布置有两个刚性区段。四个刚性区段之间通过连接元件126进行连接。在图10所示的实施例中，马达驱控组件集成于其上的电路板124包括两个刚性区段。每个刚性区段构造成大体“L”形的形状，使得所述两个刚性区段可以被连接元件126连接成大体矩形的形状。在图11所示的实施例中，马达驱控组件集成于其上的电路板124包括三个刚性区段。每个刚性区段构造成弧形的形状，使得所述三个刚性区段可以被连接元件126连接成大体圆形或半圆形的形状。在图12和图13所示的实施例中，马达驱控组件集成于其上的电路板124具有一体式结构。在图12所示的实施例中，具有一体式结构的电路板124被构造成 大体矩形的形状；而在图13所示的实施例中，具有一体式结构的电路板124被构造成圆形的形状。
在图9至图13所示的实施例中，电路板124或者电路板124的每个刚性区段可以直立地围绕在马达102的执行机构的周围，也可以平躺地或者以其它方式围绕在马达102的执行机构的周围。电路板124还可以构造成与图9至图13所示的样式不同的其它样式，比如具有异形形状的其它样式等。另外，连接元件126可以构造成柔性电路板或连接插头。连接插头可以是刚性的。
参照图14，在根据本公开的一个实施例中，马达驱控组件集成于其上的电路板128可以包括用于传输信号/或电力的延伸的柔性电路板层130和用于执行马达驱控组件的驱控功能的刚性电路板层132。刚性电路板层132可以布置在柔性电路板层130的至少一侧(在图14所示的实施例中，布置在柔性电路板层130的两侧)并且包括彼此分开的两个或更多个刚性区段。这样的多层结构设计使得电路板128形成一个完整的电路系统，其不能通过非破坏性手段直接分开；同时，使得电路板128能够更容易地弯曲或折叠。这样的多层结构设计至少提供了如下优点：1)能够在紧凑的结构下避免信号之间的干扰，从而更好地完成信号的传输；2)避免了使用连接元件(比如连接插头，其容易在多次使用后松脱)，从而具有更高的可靠性；以及3)在空间排布上提供更优的柔性和灵活性，从而能够最大程度地缩小体积。
在电路板包括两个或更多个刚性区段的实施例中，也可以将每个刚性区段设计成包括用于传输信号和/或电力的延伸的柔性电路板层和用于执行马达驱控组件的一部分驱控功能的刚性电路板层。刚性电路板层可以布置在柔性电路板层的至少一侧(比如，布置在柔性电路板层的两侧，从而形成夹心饼干的结构)。柔性电路板层可以经由连接元件而连接在一起，从而实现各个刚性区段之前的互连。这样的多层结构设计能够在避免信号之间的干扰的情况下进一步增强电路板的柔性和灵活性。
图15和图16示出了马达驱控组件的另外两种布置方式。在图15所示的实施例中，马达驱控组件集成于其上的电路板134包括多个刚性区段。所述多个刚性区段以堆叠的方式平躺在马达的执行机构112的下方。在图16所示的实施例中，马达驱控组件集成于其上的电路板136具有一体式结构并且电路板136平躺在马达的执行机构112的下方。
上文结合附图描述了本公开的示范实施例。然而，本领域技术人员应当理解的是，本公开不局限于所公开的具体结构。在不脱离本公开的精神和范围的情况下，能够对 本公开的示范实施例进行多种变化和改变。所有这些变化和改变均包含在由本公开的权利要求所限定的保护范围内。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种用于体外血泵的马达，包括：
    壳体；
    位于所述壳体内的执行机构，所述执行机构用于驱动所述体外血泵的泵头中的叶轮；
    位于所述壳体内的至少一个传感器；和
    位于所述壳体内的马达驱控组件，所述马达驱控组件用于控制所述马达的运行。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的用于体外血泵的马达，其中，所述马达驱控组件包括传感器交互电路和马达控制器，所述传感器交互电路接收来自所述传感器的感测信号并将所述感测信号传输至马达控制器，所述马达控制器基于所接收到的感测信号而向所述执行机构发出相应的控制信号，
    并且其中，所述马达驱控组件还包括放大器，所述放大器将来自所述马达控制器的控制信号放大后传输至所述执行机构。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的用于体外血泵的马达，其中，所述马达还包括集成至所述壳体的备用电源，所述备用电源在外部电源出现故障时向所述马达驱控组件和所述执行机构供电，以维持所述马达的正常运行。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的用于体外血泵的马达，其中，所述马达驱控组件集成在电路板上。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的用于体外血泵的马达，其中，所述电路板构造成一体式结构，并且其中，所述电路板以圆形、矩形、或异形的形状直立地或平躺地围绕在所述执行机构的周围，或者所述电路板平躺在所述执行机构的一侧。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的用于体外血泵的马达，其中，所述电路板包括至少两个刚性区段和用于连接所述至少两个刚性区段的连接元件。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的用于体外血泵的马达，其中，每个刚性区段分别用于执行所述马达驱控组件的一部分驱控功能，
    并且其中，所述连接元件构造成用于在所述至少两个刚性区段之间传递信号和/或电力的柔性电路板、或者用于在所述至少两个刚性区段之间传递信号和/或电力的连接插头、或者用于执行所述马达驱控组件的一部分驱控功能的柔性电路板。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的用于体外血泵的马达，其中，所述至少两个刚性区段 中的每一个均包括刚性电路板层和延伸的柔性电路板层，所述刚性电路板层布置在所述柔性电路板层的至少一侧，所述柔性板层经由所述连接元件而连接在一起，
    并且其中，所述延伸的柔性电路板层用于传输信号和/或电力，所述刚性电路板层用于执行所述马达驱控组件的一部分驱控功能。
  9. 根据权利要求4所述的用于体外血泵的马达，其中，所述电路板包括刚性电路板层和延伸的柔性电路板层，所述刚性电路板层布置在所述延伸的柔性电路板层的至少一侧并且包括彼此分开的两个或更多个刚性区段，以使得所述电路板能够借助于所述柔性电路板层弯曲或折叠，
    并且其中，所述延伸的柔性电路板层用于传输信号和/或电力，所述刚性电路板层用于执行所述马达驱控组件的驱控功能。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的用于体外血泵的马达，其中，所述电路板以大体“U”形、矩形、圆形、半圆形、或异形的形状直立地或平躺地围绕在所述执行机构的周围，或者所述电路板以堆叠的方式平躺在所述执行机构的一侧。
  11. 根据权利要求4所述的用于体外血泵的马达，其中，所述马达驱控组件包括晶体管和/或功率集成电路，所述晶体管和/或功率集成电路安装在所述电路板上；并且
    其中，所述晶体管和/或功率集成电路与所述壳体接触，使得来自所述晶体管和/或功率集成电路的热量能够通过所述壳体散发出去；或者所述电路板与所述壳体接触，使得来自所述晶体管和/或功率集成电路的热量能够通过形成在所述电路板和所述壳体上的热路径散发出去。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的用于体外血泵的马达，其中，所述壳体的外侧设置有散热增强结构，并且其中，所述散热增强结构包括至少一个散热鳍片或散热肋片。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的用于体外血泵的马达，其中，所述壳体呈鼎形结构，并且其中，所述壳体构造成一体件或由多个部件形成。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的用于体外血泵的马达，其中，所述马达构造成具有磁悬浮轴承的磁悬浮马达，所述磁悬浮轴承用于悬浮所述叶轮的转子。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的用于体外血泵的马达，其中，所述传感器包括用于感测所述转子的转速的转动位移传感器；和/或
    所述传感器包括用于感测所述转子的悬浮位置的轴向位置和/或位移传感器、和/或径向位置和/或位移传感器；和/或
    所述传感器包括温度传感器。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的用于体外血泵的马达，其中，所述马达还包括使用者界面，所述使用者界面包括输入部件和输出部件，所述输入部件包括速度设定元件，以便实施所述马达的速度调节和/或所述马达的启动和停止，所述输出部件包括显示器、指示器、和报警器中的至少一者；和/或
    所述马达还包括信号转换器。
  17. 一种体外血泵，包括泵头和根据权利要求1所述的用于体外血泵的马达，其中，所述泵头包括带转子的叶轮，所述马达经由所述转子驱动所述叶轮旋转。
  18. 一种体外血泵系统，包括控制主机和根据权利要求17所述的体外血泵，其中，所述控制主机包括电力电子电路，以便向所述体外血泵传输电力和指令信号，并且其中，所述控制主机和所述体外血泵的马达仅经由一条连接导线连接，所述连接导线既能够向所述体外血泵的马达传输电力，又能够向所述体外血泵的马达传输指令信号。
PCT/CN2019/125819 2019-11-18 2019-12-17 用于体外血泵的马达、体外血泵、和体外血泵系统 WO2021097973A1 (zh)

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