WO2021097779A1 - 一种抛光精度高的齿轮抛光设备 - Google Patents

一种抛光精度高的齿轮抛光设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021097779A1
WO2021097779A1 PCT/CN2019/120072 CN2019120072W WO2021097779A1 WO 2021097779 A1 WO2021097779 A1 WO 2021097779A1 CN 2019120072 W CN2019120072 W CN 2019120072W WO 2021097779 A1 WO2021097779 A1 WO 2021097779A1
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Prior art keywords
fixed
gear
groove
frame
base
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PCT/CN2019/120072
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English (en)
French (fr)
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洪新阳
黄刚敏
郑敏敏
周学平
张信伟
彭翔
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洪新阳
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Publication of WO2021097779A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021097779A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F19/00—Finishing gear teeth by other tools than those used for manufacturing gear teeth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K10/00—Welding or cutting by means of a plasma
    • B23K10/003—Scarfing, desurfacing or deburring
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F4/00—Processes for removing metallic material from surfaces, not provided for in group C23F1/00 or C23F3/00

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a grinding and polishing equipment for gear processing, in particular to a gear polishing equipment with high polishing precision.
  • Gear is a mechanical element that transmits motion and power through continuous meshing of gear teeth. Due to the smooth transmission of gears, it is widely used in mechanical transmission and the entire mechanical field. In the process of gear reprocessing, the tooth groove needs to be polished.
  • the existing gear grinding and polishing process only needs to drive the gear to rotate intermittently by a motor, and then use a mechanical arm to control the cutting knife to periodically move to the same position to polish and polish the tooth groove.
  • the process of grinding and polishing with a cutting tool not only has a large wear on the surface of the gear tooth groove, but also cannot perform a good polishing and polishing on some internal angles, and the processing accuracy is low; at the same time, this processing method can only perform a single tooth groove at a time.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a gear polishing equipment with high polishing accuracy.
  • the invention not only can improve the processing accuracy, but also has the advantages of low labor intensity and high safety.
  • a gear polishing equipment with high polishing accuracy including a frame, a fixed base is arranged on the surface of the frame; an adjusting groove is arranged on the fixed base, and a hydraulic cylinder is arranged in the adjusting groove; the hydraulic cylinder is connected
  • a fixed plate the middle of the top surface of the fixed plate is provided with a fixed rod, and two symmetrically distributed automatic stabilization devices are provided on the fixed rod; a plurality of "L"-shaped measuring rods are provided on the bottom surface of the fixed plate, each measuring rod
  • a height detection device is connected to the upper part; one side of the fixed base is provided with a lifting seat, and two symmetrically distributed electric slide rails are provided on the lifting seat; a lifting plate is arranged between the two electric slide rails, and the lifting plate is arranged
  • a fixed top seat above the fixed base; the fixed top seat is provided with a ring-shaped main pipe, the top surface of the ring-shaped main pipe is connected with an intake pipe, and the intake pipe
  • the height detection device includes a bracket on which a porcelain tube is arranged; a coil is spirally wound on the porcelain tube, and one end of the coil is connected with a terminal; and one end of the measuring rod Contact with the surface of the coil.
  • a mounting groove is provided on the side wall of the adjusting groove at a position corresponding to the bracket, and a plurality of fixing blocks are arranged on the bottom surface of the mounting groove; each fixing block is provided with There is a fixed tongue and groove; the side wall of the bracket facing the adjusting groove is provided with a fixed tongue block at a position corresponding to each fixed block, and the bracket is fixedly connected with the installation groove through the fixed tongue block and the fixed tongue groove.
  • a first buffer magnet is arranged in the middle of the bottom surface of the lifting plate; an electromagnet bar is arranged between the two electric sliding rails, and the length of the electromagnet bar is the same as that of the electric sliding rail.
  • the length of the rails is the same.
  • the automatic stabilizing device includes a stabilizing groove on the fixed rod; each stabilizing groove is provided with a stabilizer bar; and one end of each stabilizer bar is provided with a magnet piece , The other end is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed stabilizing springs; one end of each stabilizing spring is fixedly connected with the inner bottom surface of the stabilizing groove.
  • an adjustment frame is sleeved on the fixed top seat, and a plurality of evenly distributed clamping grooves are provided on the inner side wall of the adjustment frame; and a plurality of evenly distributed clamping grooves are provided on the bottom surface of the adjustment frame.
  • Evenly distributed air outlets mounting holes are provided on the bottom surface of the adjustment frame corresponding to the position of each piezoelectric sensor, and the inner wall of each mounting hole is provided with a sealing ring; the side wall of the fixed top seat corresponds to There is a block at the position of each card slot, and the card block is connected with the card slot.
  • a collection frame is sleeved on the bottom surface of the fixed plate, and a balance tube is provided on one side wall of the collection frame; and the fixed plate is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed through holes .
  • the present invention improves the existing grinding and polishing equipment for gear processing.
  • the high solubility of supercritical carbon dioxide gas is used to make supercritical carbon dioxide gas
  • the airflow passes through the gear surface at high speed, it can dissolve some oxide layers on the surface of the gear grooves, thereby improving work efficiency;
  • the plasma gas emitted by the plasma gas bottle it can drive the plasma gas flow along with the supercritical carbon dioxide airflow Pass through the tooth groove surface of the gear together, and then realize the plasma polishing of the tooth groove surface of the gear, so as to obtain a higher polishing accuracy; and the supercritical carbon dioxide gas flow can also cool the gear tooth groove surface when it passes through the gear tooth groove surface.
  • an automatic cold working polishing process combining airflow polishing and plasma polishing is realized, which can not only reduce labor intensity, improve work efficiency, but also improve processing accuracy;
  • each air outlet pipe is connected with a plasma tube, In this way, it is possible to simultaneously polish multiple cogging surfaces of the gear at one time, which further improves the work efficiency;
  • the fixed rod the fixed rod is equipped with multiple automatic stabilization devices, which can adapt to different inner hole diameters and inner hole shapes
  • the positioning of the gears not only improves the processing stability, but also expands the scope of application; hydraulic cylinders, fixed plates, measuring rods and automatic stabilization devices are set on the fixed upper base, and the weight of the gears is used to make the fixed plates drive the measuring rods.
  • the automatic measuring device can detect the width of the gear by using the measuring rod, so that the top surface of the gear is always parallel to the top surface of the fixed base during the grinding and polishing process; at the same time, by setting the electric slide rail, the pressure
  • the electric sensor and the fixed top seat can accurately determine the overlap between the fixed top seat and the fixed base by using the piezoelectric sensor, so as to realize the sealing and polishing, reduce the splashing of waste debris and waste liquid, and improve the safety.
  • the present invention also forms a structure similar to a sliding rheostat by arranging a ceramic tube, a coil and a terminal, and the measuring rod cooperates to form a structure similar to a sliding rheostat, and then controls the starting rate of the hydraulic cylinder through the current passing through the coil, thereby realizing automatic adjustment and facilitating use;
  • a plurality of fixing blocks are arranged on the inner wall of the installation groove, each fixing block is provided with a fixing tongue groove, and the bracket is provided with a plurality of fixing tongue blocks, using the fixed tongue groove and the tongue between the fixing tongue block.
  • connection while ensuring the stability of the bracket, it is also convenient for maintenance and disassembly; by arranging electromagnet strips and multiple first buffer magnets, using the principle of opposite sex attraction between magnets and magnets, and the same sex repulsion principle can be used as much as possible.
  • the present invention provides an automatic cold working polishing process that combines airflow polishing and plasma polishing, which not only can improve the processing accuracy, but also has low labor intensity, high work efficiency, wide application range, good processing stability, high safety, and use. It has the advantages of convenience, convenient maintenance, convenient cleaning and long service life.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a bottom view of the ring-shaped main pipe
  • Figure 3 is a rear view of the lifting plate
  • Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view of A in Fig. 1;
  • Figure 5 is a partial enlarged view of B in Figure 1;
  • Fig. 6 is a partial enlarged view of C in Fig. 1.
  • a gear polishing equipment with high polishing accuracy The structure is shown in Figures 1 to 6. It includes a frame 1. A fixed base 2 is provided on the surface of the frame 1; an adjusting groove 3 is provided on the fixed base 2 and an adjusting groove 3 is provided.
  • a hydraulic cylinder 4 is provided; a fixed plate 5 is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 4, a fixed rod 6 is provided in the middle of the top surface of the fixed plate 5, and two symmetrically distributed automatic stabilizers 7 are provided on the fixed rod 6; the bottom surface of the fixed plate 5 A plurality of "L"-shaped measuring rods 8 are provided on the upper part, and each measuring rod 8 is connected with a height detection device 9; one side of the fixed base 2 is provided with a lifting base 10, and two lifting bases 10 are provided Symmetrically distributed electric slide rails 11; a lifting plate 12 is provided between the two electric slide rails 11, and a fixed top seat 13 located above the fixed base 2 is provided on the lifting plate 12; an annular main pipe 14 is provided in the fixed top seat 13, The top surface of the annular main pipe 14 is connected with an intake pipe 15, and the intake pipe 15 is connected with a supercritical carbon dioxide supply cylinder 16; the bottom surface of the annular main pipe 14 is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed exhaust pipes 17, each of which A plasma tube 18 is connected to
  • the height detection device 9 includes a support 22 on which a porcelain tube 23 is arranged; a coil 24 is spirally wound on the porcelain tube 23, and one end of the coil 24 is connected with a terminal 25; one end of the measuring rod 8 is connected to the surface of the coil 24 Contact; the side wall of the adjusting groove 3 is provided with a mounting groove 26 at a position corresponding to the bracket 22, and a plurality of fixing blocks 27 are provided on the bottom surface of the mounting groove 26; each fixing block 27 is provided with a fixing tongue 28
  • the bracket 22 facing the side wall of the adjusting groove 3 is provided with a fixed tenon block 29 at a position corresponding to each fixed block 27, and the bracket 22 is fixedly connected to the mounting groove 26 through the fixed tenon block 29 and the fixed tenon groove 28;
  • the middle of the bottom surface of the lifting plate 12 is provided with a first buffer magnet 30; an electromagnet bar 31 is provided between the two electric slide rails 11, and the length of the electromagnet bar 31 is the same as the length of the electric slide rail
  • the magnet piece 35 When the radius of the inner hole of the gear is greater than the length of the stabilizer bar 34, the magnet piece 35 will Drive the stabilizer bar 34 to move outward, so that the stabilizer bar 34 stretches the stabilizer spring 36; and when the radius of the gear inner hole is smaller than the length of the stabilizer bar 34, the magnet piece 35 will drive the stabilizer bar 34 to move inward, thereby making the stabilizer bar 34 Compress the stabilizer spring 36; under the reaction force of the stabilizer spring 36, the stabilizer bar 34 and the magnet piece 35 can fix the position of the gear; at the same time, after the gear is placed on the fixing plate 5, the gear will be fixed under the action of the gravity of the gear The plate 5 moves in the direction of the hydraulic cylinder 4, and the movement of the fixed plate 5 will drive the measuring rod 8 to move.
  • the value of can control the time when the hydraulic cylinder 4 is activated, so that the hydraulic cylinder 4 drives the fixed plate 5 to move upward, and makes the top surface of the gear always coincide with the top surface of the fixed base 2.
  • the lifting plate 10 will move toward the fixed base 2, and the movement of the lifting plate 10 will drive the fixed top base 13 to move together, thereby making the fixed top base 13 Move closer to the fixed base 2.
  • the piezoelectric sensor 21 can detect the electrical signal, and then the piezoelectric sensor 21 will control the electric slide 11 Stop; and during the movement of the electric slide rail 11, because of the arrangement of the electromagnet strip 31 and the first buffer magnet 30, the principle that the magnets attract each other in the same sex, so that the electromagnet strip 31 and the first buffer magnet 30 attract each other, Therefore, the moving speed of the fixed top base 13 can be slowed down, thereby having a buffer effect, avoiding direct collision between the fixed top base 13 and the fixed base 2, reducing wear and extending the service life; when the fixed top base 13 is fixed After the bottom surface is in contact with the top surface of the fixed base 2, open the supercritical carbon dioxide supply cylinder 16 and the plasma gas cylinder 20.
  • the supercritical carbon dioxide inside will enter the annular main pipe through the intake pipe 15 14 and evenly distributed to multiple outlet pipes 15 and quickly output, so that the supercritical carbon dioxide can quickly wash the surface of the gear tooth groove, can dissolve some of the oxide layer on the gear tooth groove surface, and then the gear tooth groove
  • the plasma gas bottle 20 is opened, the plasma gas inside will be evenly distributed into the multiple plasma tubes 18 through the annular feed tube 19, and accelerated into the gas outlet tube 17 through the plasma tube 18, so that the plasma
  • the gas along with the supercritical carbon dioxide gas flow plasma polishing and polishing the surface of the gear tooth groove; thereby realizing an automatic cold working polishing process of gas flow polishing and plasma polishing, which can not only improve the processing accuracy, but also has low labor intensity and high work efficiency.
  • the air flow passing through the gear tooth groove will enter the collection frame 44 through the through hole 45, so that the two waste debris and waste liquid under the grinding and polishing will enter the collection frame together through the through hole 45 along with the air flow. 44, which facilitates cleaning; at the same time, the balance tube 46 can keep the internal pressure constant; when the tooth profile of the processed gear changes, an adjustment frame 37 can be sleeved on the fixed top seat 13, and the fixed top The clamping block 43 on the seat 13 is clamped in the clamping slot 38 of the adjustment frame 37, because the adjustment frame 37 is provided with a partition corresponding to the outer edge of the air pipe 37, which facilitates the change of the air outlet and can adapt to different Grinding of shaped gears.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种抛光精度高的齿轮抛光设备，它包括机架（1），机架（1）上设置有固定底座（2）；固定底座（2）上设有调节槽（3），调节槽（3）内设置有液压缸（4）、固定板（5）、固定杆（6）和两个自动稳定装置（7）；固定板（5）上设置有多个带高度检测装置（9）的测量杆（8）；固定底座（2）的一侧设置有升降座（10），升降座（10）上设置有两条电动滑轨（11）和升降板（12），升降板（12）上设置有固定顶座（13）；固定顶座（13）内设置有环形主管（14）、进气管（15）、超临界二氧化碳供气瓶（16）、多个出气管（17）、等离子管（18）和环形供料管（19），环形供料管（19）的顶面上连接有等离子气体瓶（20）；固定顶座（13）上设置有多个压电式传感器（21）。该抛光精度高的齿轮抛光设备不仅能够提高加工精度，还具有劳动强度低、工作效率高、适用范围广、加工稳定性好、安全性高、使用方便、维修方便、清理方便和使用寿命长的优点。

Description

一种抛光精度高的齿轮抛光设备 技术领域
本发明涉及一种齿轮加工用打磨抛光设备，特别是一种抛光精度高的齿轮抛光设备。
背景技术
齿轮是一种通过轮齿连续啮合传递运动和动力的机械元件，由于齿轮传动平稳，它在机械传动及整个机械领域中的应用及其广泛。而齿轮再加工过程中需要对齿槽进行打磨抛光，现有的齿轮打磨抛光过程只要是通过电机间歇带动齿轮转动，然后通过机械臂控制切削刀定期移动至同一位置，对齿槽进行打磨抛光，但利用切削刀打磨抛光的过程不仅对齿轮齿槽的表面磨损较大，而且对一些内角不能够进行很好的打磨抛光，加工精度较低；同时，这种加工方式一次只能够对一个齿槽进行打磨抛光，需要人工实时进行检测，且打磨完成后还需要人工将齿轮取下，劳动强度较大；且在打磨抛光过程中，产生的高温废屑和废液是四处散落在打磨抛光区域的周围，安全性较低。因此，现有的齿轮加工用打磨抛光设备再使用的过程中存在着加工精度较低、劳动强度较高和安全性较差的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，提供一种抛光精度高的齿轮抛光设备。本发明不仅能够提高加工精度，还具有劳动强度低和安全性高的优点。
本发明的技术方案：一种抛光精度高的齿轮抛光设备，包括机架，机架的表面上设置有固定底座；固定底座上设有调节槽，调节槽内设置有液压缸；液压缸上连接有固定板，固定板顶面的中部设置有固定杆，固定杆上设置有两个对称分布的自动稳定装置；固定板的底面上 设置有多个“L”型的测量杆，每个测量杆上均连接有高度检测装置；所述固定底座的一侧设置有升降座，升降座上设置有两条对称分布的电动滑轨；两条电动滑轨之间设置有升降板，升降板上设置有位于固定底座上方的固定顶座；固定顶座内设置有环形主管，环形主管的顶面上连接有进气管，进气管上连接有超临界二氧化碳供气瓶；环形主管的底面上设置有多个均匀分布的出气管，每个出气管的一侧壁上均连接有等离子管；所有等离子管的端部之间均连接有环形供料管，环形供料管的顶面上连接有等离子气体瓶；所述固定顶座底面的边缘上设置有多个环形均匀分布压电式传感器，每个压电式传感器均与电动滑轨电动连接；所述高度检测装置与液压缸电性连接。
前述的一种抛光精度高的齿轮抛光设备中，所述高度检测装置包括支架，支架上设置有瓷筒；瓷筒上螺旋缠绕有线圈，线圈的一端连接有接线头；所述测量杆的一端与线圈表面接触。
前述的一种抛光精度高的齿轮抛光设备中，所述调节槽的侧壁上对应支架的位置处设有安装槽，安装槽的底面上设置有多个固定块；每个固定块上均设有固定榫槽；所述支架面向调节槽的侧壁上对应每个固定块的位置处均设置有固定榫块，支架通过固定榫块和固定榫槽与安装槽固定连接。
前述的一种抛光精度高的齿轮抛光设备中，所述升降板的底面中部设置有第一缓冲磁铁；所述两个电动滑轨之间设置有电磁铁条，电磁铁条的长度与电动滑轨的长度相同。
前述的一种抛光精度高的齿轮抛光设备中，所述自动稳定装置包括位于固定杆上的稳定槽；每个稳定槽内均设置有稳定杆；每个稳定杆的一端部均设置有磁铁片，另一端部均设置有多个均匀分布的稳定弹簧；每个稳定弹簧的一端均与稳定槽的内底面固定连接。
前述的一种抛光精度高的齿轮抛光设备中，所述固定顶座上套接有调整框，调整框的内侧壁上设置有多个均匀分布的卡槽；调整框的 底面上设置有多个均匀分布的出气孔，调整框的底面上对应每个压电式传感器的位置处均设有安装孔，每个安装孔的内壁上均设置有密封圈；所述固定顶座的侧壁上对应每个卡槽的位置处均卡块，卡块与卡槽卡接。
前述的一种抛光精度高的齿轮抛光设备中，所述固定板的底面上套接有收集框，收集框的一侧壁上设置有平衡管；固定板上设有多个均匀分布的透孔。
与现有技术相比，本发明改进了现有的齿轮加工用打磨抛光设备，通过设置超临界二氧化碳供气瓶和等离子气体瓶，利用超临界二氧化碳气体的高溶解性的特点，使得超临界二氧化碳气流在高速经过齿轮表面的时候，能够对齿轮齿槽表面的某些氧化层溶解掉，从而提高了工作效率；再配合等离子气体瓶发出的等离子气体，能够随着超临界二氧化碳气流带动等离子气体流一起经过齿轮齿槽表面，进而实现对齿轮齿槽表面的等离子抛光，从而得到较高的抛光精度；而且超临界二氧化碳气流在经过齿轮齿槽表面的时候也能够对齿轮齿槽表面进行降温工作，从而实现一种气流抛光和等离子抛光复合的自动冷加工抛光工艺，不仅能够降低劳动强度、提高工作效率，还提高了加工精度；通过设置多个出气管，每个出气管上均连接有等离子管，从而实现一次性对齿轮的多个齿槽面同时进行抛光工作，进一步提高了工作效率；通过设置固定杆，固定杆上设置有多个自动稳定装置，从而能够适应不同内孔直径、内孔形状的齿轮的定位，不仅提高了加工的稳定性，还能够扩大适用范围；通过设置在固定上底座上设置液压缸、固定板、测量杆和自动稳定装置，利用齿轮的重量使得固定板带动测量杆往液压缸方向移动，从而利用测量杆能够使得自动测量装置检测齿轮的宽度，从而能够使得齿轮的顶面在打磨抛光过程中一直与固定底座的顶面平行；同时，通过设置电动滑轨、压电式传感器和固 定顶座，利用压电传感器能够准确的判定固定顶座与固定底座重合，从而实现密封性打磨抛光，减小废屑和废液的飞溅，提高了安全性。此外，本发明还通过设置瓷筒、线圈和接线头，与测量杆配合形成一个类似滑动变阻器的结构，进而通过线圈通过的电流来控制液压缸启动的速率，进而实现自动调整，方便了使用；通过设置安装槽，安装槽内壁上设置有多个固定块，每个固定快上均设置有固定榫槽，支架上设置有多个固定榫块，利用固定榫槽和固定榫块之间的榫接，在保证支架的稳定性的同时，还能够方便维修拆装；通过设置电磁铁条和多个第一缓冲磁铁，利用磁铁与磁铁之间的异性相吸，同性相斥的原理，能够尽可能的降低升降板移动的速度，从而起到缓冲的效果，避免固定顶座与固定底座之间的剧烈撞击，从而延长了使用寿命；通过设置调整框，通过改变不同类型的调整框，能够适应不同齿形的齿轮打磨抛光工作，从而进一步扩大了适用范围；通过设置密封圈，能够提高密封性；通过在固定板上设置收集框和多个透孔，通过透孔使得打磨抛光下来的杂质和灰尘能够自动在收集框内收集，方便了清理。因此，本发明通过提供一种气流抛光和等离子抛光复合的自动冷加工抛光工艺，不仅能够提高加工精度，还具有劳动强度低、工作效率高、适用范围广、加工稳定性好、安全性高、使用方便、维修方便、清理方便和使用寿命长的优点。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图；
图2是环形主管的仰视图；
图3是升降板的后视图；
图4是图1中A处的局部放大图；
图5是图1中B处的局部放大图；
图6是图1中C处的局部放大图。
附图中的标记为：1-机架，2-固定底座，3-调节槽，4-液压缸， 5-固定板，6-固定杆，7-自动稳定装置，8-测量杆，9-高度检测装置，10-升降座，11-电动滑轨，12-升降板，13-固定顶座，14-环形主管，15-进气管，16-超临界二氧化碳供气瓶，17-出气管，18-等离子管，19-环形供料管，20-等离子气体瓶，21-压电式传感器，22-支架，23-瓷筒，24-线圈，25-接线头，26-安装槽，27-固定块，28-固定榫槽，29-固定榫块，30-第一缓冲磁铁，31-电磁铁条，33-稳定槽，34-稳定杆，35-磁铁片，36-稳定弹簧，37-调整框，38-卡槽，40-安装孔，41-密封圈，43-卡块，44-收集框，45-透孔，46-平衡管。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的说明，但并不作为对本发明限制的依据。
实施例。一种抛光精度高的齿轮抛光设备，构成如图1至6所示，包括机架1，机架1的表面上设置有固定底座2；固定底座2上设有调节槽3，调节槽3内设置有液压缸4；液压缸4上连接有固定板5，固定板5顶面的中部设置有固定杆6，固定杆6上设置有两个对称分布的自动稳定装置7；固定板5的底面上设置有多个“L”型的测量杆8，每个测量杆8上均连接有高度检测装置9；所述固定底座2的一侧设置有升降座10，升降座10上设置有两条对称分布的电动滑轨11；两条电动滑轨11之间设置有升降板12，升降板12上设置有位于固定底座2上方的固定顶座13；固定顶座13内设置有环形主管14，环形主管14的顶面上连接有进气管15，进气管15上连接有超临界二氧化碳供气瓶16；环形主管14的底面上设置有多个均匀分布的出气管17，每个出气管17的一侧壁上均连接有等离子管18；所有等离子管18的端部之间均连接有环形供料管19，环形供料管19的顶面上连接有等离子气体瓶20；所述固定顶座13底面的边缘上设置有多个环形均匀分布压电式传感器21，每个压电式传感器21均与电动滑 轨11电动连接；所述高度检测装置9与液压缸4电性连接。
所述高度检测装置9包括支架22，支架22上设置有瓷筒23；瓷筒23上螺旋缠绕有线圈24，线圈24的一端连接有接线头25；所述测量杆8的一端与线圈24表面接触；所述调节槽3的侧壁上对应支架22的位置处设有安装槽26，安装槽26的底面上设置有多个固定块27；每个固定块27上均设有固定榫槽28；所述支架22面向调节槽3的侧壁上对应每个固定块27的位置处均设置有固定榫块29，支架22通过固定榫块29和固定榫槽28与安装槽26固定连接；所述升降板12的底面中部设置有第一缓冲磁铁30；所述两个电动滑轨11之间设置有电磁铁条31，电磁铁条31的长度与电动滑轨11的长度相同；所述自动稳定装置7包括位于固定杆6上的稳定槽33；每个稳定槽33内均设置有稳定杆34；每个稳定杆34的一端部均设置有磁铁片35，另一端部均设置有多个均匀分布的稳定弹簧36；每个稳定弹簧36的一端均与稳定槽33的内底面固定连接；所述固定顶座13上套接有调整框37，调整框37的内侧壁上设置有多个均匀分布的卡槽38；调整框37的底面上设置有多个均匀分布的出气孔，调整框37的底面上对应每个压电式传感器21的位置处均设有安装孔40，每个安装孔40的内壁上均设置有密封圈41；所述固定顶座13的侧壁上对应每个卡槽38的位置处均卡块43，卡块43与卡槽38卡接；所述固定板5的底面上套接有收集框44，收集框44的一侧壁上设置有平衡管46；固定板5上设有多个均匀分布的透孔45。
工作原理：在使用的时候，先将整台设备连接上外部电源，使得压电式传感器21和高度检测装置9自动启动，然后将需要进行加工的齿轮的中孔穿过固定杆6，因为磁铁片35的设置，使得磁铁片35能够自动吸附在齿轮的内孔表面上，从而使得磁铁片35能够带动稳定杆34移动，当齿轮内孔的半径大于稳定杆34长度的时候，磁铁片 35会带动稳定杆34往外移动，从而使得稳定杆34拉伸稳定弹簧36；而当齿轮内孔的半径小于稳定杆34长度的时候，磁铁片35会带动稳定杆34往内移动，从而使得稳定杆34压缩稳定弹簧36；在稳定弹簧36的反作用力下，使得稳定杆34和磁铁片35能够对齿轮的位置进行固定；同时，齿轮放置在固定板5上后，在齿轮重力的作用下会使得固定板5往液压缸4方向移动，固定板5移动又会带动测量杆8移动，测量杆8的一端会在线圈24上移动，从而改变线圈24通电的数量，从而改变了电阻的大小，通过电阻的数值能够控制液压缸4启动的时间，从而使得液压缸4带动固定板5往上移动，并使得齿轮的顶面始终与固定底座2的顶面重合。
接着启动电动滑轨11和电磁铁条31，电动滑轨11启动后会带动升降板10往固定底座2方向移动，升降板10移动又会带动固定顶座13一起移动，从而使得固定顶座13往固定底座2靠拢，当固定顶座13的底面与固定底座2的顶面接触重合的时候，压电式传感器21能够检测到电信号，这时压电式传感器21就会控制电动滑轨11停止；而在电动滑轨11移动的过程中，因为电磁铁条31和第一缓冲磁铁30的设置，利用磁铁同性相吸的原理，使得电磁铁条31和第一缓冲磁铁30相互吸合，从而能够减缓固定顶座13移动的速度，进而起到一个缓冲的效果，避免了固定顶座13与固定底座2之间的直接碰撞，减小磨损，延长了使用寿命；当固定顶座13的底面与固定底座2的顶面接触重合后，打开超临界二氧化碳供气瓶16和等离子气体瓶20，超临界二氧化碳供气瓶16打开后，里面的超临界二氧化碳会通过进气管15进入到环形主管14上，并均匀的分配到多个出气管15并快速输出，使得超临界二氧化碳能够快速的冲刷齿轮齿槽的表面，能够对齿轮齿槽表面的某些氧化层溶解掉，进而对齿轮齿槽的表面进行抛光打磨；同时等离子气体瓶20打开后，里面的等离子气体会通过环 形供料管19均匀分配到多个等离子管18内，并通过等离子管18加速进入到出气管17内，使得等离子气体随着超临界二氧化碳气流一起对齿轮齿槽的表面进行等离子抛光打磨；从而实现一种气流抛光和等离子抛光复合的自动冷加工抛光工艺，不仅能够提高加工精度，还具有劳动强度低和工作效率高的优点。
在打磨抛光的过程中，经过齿轮齿槽的气流会通过透孔45进入到收集框44内，使得打磨抛光下俩的废屑和废液会随着气流一起通过透孔45一起进入到收集框44内，进而方便了清理；同时平衡管46能够使得内部的压强保持不变；当加工的齿轮的齿形变换的时候，可以在固定顶座13上套接上调整框37，并使得固定顶座13上的卡块43卡接在调整框37的卡槽38内，因为调整框37上对应出气管37的外边缘处设置有隔板，从而方便了对气流出口的改变，进而能够适应不同形状的齿轮的打磨加工。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种抛光精度高的齿轮抛光设备，其特征在于：包括机架(1)，机架(1)的表面上设置有固定底座(2)；固定底座(2)上设有调节槽(3)，调节槽(3)内设置有液压缸(4)；液压缸(4)上连接有固定板(5)，固定板(5)顶面的中部设置有固定杆(6)，固定杆(6)上设置有两个对称分布的自动稳定装置(7)；固定板(5)的底面上设置有多个“L”型的测量杆(8)，每个测量杆(8)上均连接有高度检测装置(9)；所述固定底座(2)的一侧设置有升降座(10)，升降座(10)上设置有两条对称分布的电动滑轨(11)；两条电动滑轨(11)之间设置有升降板(12)，升降板(12)上设置有位于固定底座(2)上方的固定顶座(13)；固定顶座(13)内设置有环形主管(14)，环形主管(14)的顶面上连接有进气管(15)，进气管(15)上连接有超临界二氧化碳供气瓶(16)；环形主管(14)的底面上设置有多个均匀分布的出气管(17)，每个出气管(17)的一侧壁上均连接有等离子管(18)；所有等离子管(18)的端部之间均连接有环形供料管(19)，环形供料管(19)的顶面上连接有等离子气体瓶(20)；所述固定顶座(13)底面的边缘上设置有多个环形均匀分布压电式传感器(21)，每个压电式传感器(21)均与电动滑轨(11)电动连接；所述高度检测装置(9)与液压缸(4)电性连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种抛光精度高的齿轮抛光设备，其特征在于：所述高度检测装置(9)包括支架(22)，支架(22)上设置有瓷筒(23)；瓷筒(23)上螺旋缠绕有线圈(24)，线圈(24)的一端连接有接线头(25)；所述测量杆(8)的一端与线圈(24)表面接触。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种抛光精度高的齿轮抛光设备，其 特征在于：所述调节槽(3)的侧壁上对应支架(22)的位置处设有安装槽(26)，安装槽(26)的底面上设置有多个固定块(27)；每个固定块(27)上均设有固定榫槽(28)；所述支架(22)面向调节槽(3)的侧壁上对应每个固定块(27)的位置处均设置有固定榫块(29)，支架(22)通过固定榫块(29)和固定榫槽(28)与安装槽(26)固定连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种抛光精度高的齿轮抛光设备，其特征在于：所述升降板(12)的底面中部设置有第一缓冲磁铁(30)；所述两个电动滑轨(11)之间设置有电磁铁条(31)，电磁铁条(31)的长度与电动滑轨(11)的长度相同。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种抛光精度高的齿轮抛光设备，其特征在于：所述自动稳定装置(7)包括位于固定杆(6)上的稳定槽(33)；每个稳定槽(33)内均设置有稳定杆(34)；每个稳定杆(34)的一端部均设置有磁铁片(35)，另一端部均设置有多个均匀分布的稳定弹簧(36)；每个稳定弹簧(36)的一端均与稳定槽(33)的内底面固定连接。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种抛光精度高的齿轮抛光设备，其特征在于：所述固定顶座(13)上套接有调整框(37)，调整框(37)的内侧壁上设置有多个均匀分布的卡槽(38)；调整框(37)的底面上设置有多个均匀分布的出气孔，调整框(37)的底面上对应每个压电式传感器(21)的位置处均设有安装孔(40)，每个安装孔(40)的内壁上均设置有密封圈(41)；所述固定顶座(13)的侧壁上对应每个卡槽(38)的位置处均卡块(43)，卡块(43)与卡槽(38)卡接。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一权利要求所述的一种抛光精度高的齿轮抛光设备，其特征在于：所述固定板(5)的底面上套接有收 集框(44)，收集框(44)的一侧壁上设置有平衡管(46)；固定板(5)上设有多个均匀分布的透孔(45)。
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