WO2021083217A1 - Unité d'antenne et dispositif électronique - Google Patents

Unité d'antenne et dispositif électronique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021083217A1
WO2021083217A1 PCT/CN2020/124413 CN2020124413W WO2021083217A1 WO 2021083217 A1 WO2021083217 A1 WO 2021083217A1 CN 2020124413 W CN2020124413 W CN 2020124413W WO 2021083217 A1 WO2021083217 A1 WO 2021083217A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
arm
feeding
feeding arm
feed
antenna unit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/124413
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
马荣杰
邾志民
Original Assignee
维沃移动通信有限公司
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Filing date
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Application filed by 维沃移动通信有限公司 filed Critical 维沃移动通信有限公司
Publication of WO2021083217A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021083217A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/342—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes
    • H01Q5/35—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes using two or more simultaneously fed points
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/50—Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna unit and electronic equipment.
  • millimeter-wave antennas are gradually being used in various electronic devices to meet the increasing use demands of users.
  • millimeter wave antennas in electronic devices are mainly implemented through antenna in package (AiP) technology.
  • AiP technology can be used to integrate the array antenna 11, the radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) 12, and the power management integrated circuit (PMIC) 13 with a working wavelength of millimeter wave.
  • the connector 14 are packaged into a module 10, and the module 10 may be called a millimeter wave antenna module.
  • the antenna in the above-mentioned array antenna may be a patch antenna, a Yagi-Uda antenna, or a dipole antenna.
  • the antennas in the above-mentioned array antennas are usually narrowband antennas (such as the patch antennas listed above), the coverage frequency band of each antenna is limited, but the millimeter wave frequency bands planned in the 5G system are usually more, for example, 28GHz The main n257 (26.5GHz-29.5GHz) frequency band and the 39GHz main n260 (37.0GHz-40.0GHz) frequency band, etc., so the traditional millimeter wave antenna module may not be able to cover the mainstream millimeter wave frequency band planned in the 5G system , Resulting in poor antenna performance of electronic equipment.
  • the embodiment provides an antenna unit and an electronic device to solve the problem that the millimeter wave antenna of the existing electronic device covers less frequency bands, resulting in poor antenna performance of the electronic device.
  • an embodiment provides an antenna unit that includes: a target insulator, M feeders provided in the target insulator, a feed arm structure, and a first isolator, and a target insulator provided at the bottom of the target insulator.
  • the first ground body wherein the feed arm structure includes M feed arm units, each feed arm unit includes a first feed arm, a second feed arm electrically connected to the first end of the first feed arm , And a third feeder arm electrically connected to the second feeder arm; the second end of the first feeder arm in each feeder arm unit is electrically connected to different feeders of the M feeders, the The third feeding arm in each feeding arm unit of the M feeding arm units is electrically connected to each other, and the connection point electrically connected to each other is the current zero point of the M feeding arm units, and the first isolator surrounds the feeding arm unit.
  • the electric arm structure is arranged and electrically connected to the first grounding body, and M is an integer greater than 1.
  • an embodiment provides an electronic device that includes the antenna unit in the above-mentioned first aspect.
  • the antenna unit may include: a target insulator, M feeders arranged in the target insulator, a feed arm structure and a first isolator, and a first ground body arranged at the bottom of the target insulator;
  • the electric arm structure includes M feeding arm units, and each feeding arm unit includes a first feeding arm, a second feeding arm electrically connected to the first end of the first feeding arm, and a second feeding arm.
  • the third feeder arm electrically connected; the second end of the first feeder arm in each feeder arm unit is electrically connected to a different feeder of the M feeders, each of the M feeder arm units
  • the third feeding arm in the feeding arm unit is electrically connected to each other, and the connection point electrically connected to each other is the current zero point of the M feeding arm units, and the first isolator is arranged around the feeding arm structure and is connected to the first ground
  • the body is electrically connected, and M is an integer greater than 1.
  • the feeder arm units can work independently , That is, each feeding arm will not be interfered by other feeding arm units; and since the first isolator is electrically connected to the first grounding body, the first isolating body and the first grounding body can form a metal cavity, Therefore, the metal cavity can make the electromagnetic waves radiated by the feeding arm structure have directivity; and because the feeding arm unit includes the first feeding arm, the second feeding arm, and the third feeding arm, when the feeding part will AC When the signal is transmitted to the feeder arm unit, there can be many paths of current through the feeder arm unit, such as the current path formed on the first feeder arm, the current path from the first feeder arm to the second feeder arm , The current path from the first feeding arm to the second feeding arm and then to the third feeding arm, etc., so that the frequency of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the feeding arm unit can also be multiple
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional packaged antenna provided by an embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna unit provided by the embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a reflection coefficient diagram of the antenna unit provided by the embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a top view of the antenna unit provided by the embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the polarization isolation of the antenna unit provided by the embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the electronic device provided by the embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is one of the radiation patterns of the antenna unit provided by the embodiment.
  • Fig. 10 is a left side view of the electronic device provided by the embodiment.
  • first and second in the description and claims of, are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe the specific order of the objects.
  • first feeding arm and the second feeding arm are used to distinguish different feeding arms, rather than describing the specific order of the feeding arms.
  • words such as “exemplary” or “for example” are used as examples, illustrations, or illustrations. Any embodiment or design solution described as “exemplary” or “for example” in the embodiment should not be construed as being more preferable or advantageous than other embodiments or design solutions. To be precise, words such as “exemplary” or “for example” are used to present related concepts in a specific manner.
  • multiple refers to two or more than two, for example, multiple antenna elements refers to two or more antenna elements, etc.
  • AC signal A signal that changes the direction of current.
  • Low temperature co-fired ceramic refers to a kind of low temperature sintered ceramic powder into a precise and dense green ceramic tape, and the use of laser drilling, micro-hole injection on the green ceramic tape Processes such as printing paste and precise conductor paste to produce the required circuit patterns, and embed multiple components (such as capacitors, resistors, couplers, etc.) in a multilayer ceramic substrate, and then stack them together and sinter at 900°C ,
  • MIMO Multiple-input multiple-output
  • transmitting end that is, the transmitting end and the receiving end
  • signals can be sent or received through multiple antennas at the transmitting end.
  • Relative permittivity A physical parameter used to characterize the dielectric properties or polarization properties of dielectric materials.
  • Floor refers to the part of electronic equipment that can be used as a virtual ground.
  • PCB printed circuit board
  • metal frame metal frame
  • display screen of electronic equipment in electronic equipment.
  • the embodiment provides an antenna unit and an electronic device.
  • the antenna unit may include: a target insulator, M feeders provided in the target insulator, a feed arm structure, and a first isolator, and a first insulator provided at the bottom of the target insulator A grounding body; wherein the feed arm structure includes M feed arm units, each feed arm unit includes a first feed arm, a second feed arm electrically connected to the first end of the first feed arm, And a third feeder arm electrically connected to the second feeder arm; the second end of the first feeder arm in each feeder arm unit is electrically connected to different feeders of the M feeders, M The third feeding arm in each feeding arm unit in the feeding arm unit is electrically connected to each other, and the connection point electrically connected to each other is the current zero point of the M feeding arm units, and the first isolator surrounds the feeding arm structure It is set and electrically connected to the first grounding body, and M is an integer greater than 1.
  • the feeder arm units can work independently , That is, each feeding arm will not be interfered by other feeding arm units; and since the first isolator is electrically connected to the first grounding body, the first isolating body and the first grounding body can form a metal cavity, Therefore, the metal cavity can make the electromagnetic waves radiated by the feeding arm structure have directivity; and because the feeding arm unit includes the first feeding arm, the second feeding arm, and the third feeding arm, when the feeding part will AC When the signal is transmitted to the feeder arm unit, there can be many paths of current through the feeder arm unit, such as the current path formed on the first feeder arm, the current path from the first feeder arm to the second feeder arm , The current path from the first feeding arm to the second feeding arm and then to the third feeding arm, etc., so that the frequency of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the feeding arm unit can also be multiple
  • the antenna unit provided in the embodiment can be applied to electronic devices, and can also be applied to other devices that need to use the antenna unit, and can be specifically determined according to actual usage requirements, and the embodiment is not limited.
  • the antenna unit provided in the embodiment will be exemplarily described below by taking the antenna unit applied to an electronic device as an example.
  • the antenna unit provided in the embodiment will be exemplarily described below with reference to the various drawings.
  • the antenna unit 20 may include: a target insulator (not shown in the figure), M feeders 201, a feed arm structure 202, and a first isolator 203 arranged in the target insulator, and The first ground body 204 at the bottom of the target insulator.
  • the feeding arm structure 202 may include M feeding arm units 2021, and each feeding arm unit (hereinafter referred to as each feeding arm unit) 2021 of the M feeding arm units may include a first feeding arm unit.
  • the second end of the first feeding arm 2021a may be electrically connected to different feeding parts of the aforementioned M feeding parts, and the third feeding arm 2021c in each feeding arm unit of the M feeding arm units may be
  • the connection point electrically connected to each other and electrically connected to each other is the current zero point of the M feeding arm units
  • the first isolator 203 may be arranged around the feeding arm structure 202 and may be electrically connected to the above-mentioned first grounding body 204, M is an integer greater than 1.
  • the electrical connection between the first ground body and the first isolator may make the first ground body and the first isolator form a metal cavity (hereinafter referred to as a target metal cavity).
  • a target metal cavity can make the electromagnetic waves radiated from the feeding arm structure have directivity.
  • the above-mentioned FIG. 2 does not show the target insulator.
  • the above-mentioned feeder, feeder arm structure, and first isolator may be arranged in the target insulator, such that the target insulator, the feeder, the feeder arm structure, the first isolator, and the first isolator arranged at the bottom of the target insulator
  • a grounding body can be formed as a whole to form the antenna unit provided by one embodiment.
  • the antenna unit provided in the embodiment may be manufactured by any possible technology such as LTCC technology, PCB processing technology, or substrate processing technology.
  • LTCC technology LTCC technology
  • PCB processing technology PCB processing technology
  • substrate processing technology any possible technology such as LTCC technology, PCB processing technology, or substrate processing technology. The details can be determined according to actual usage requirements, and the embodiments are not limited.
  • the above-mentioned various components can be combined by LTCC technology to form the antenna provided by the embodiment unit.
  • the first grounding body can be used as a part of the ground of the antenna unit provided in the embodiment, so that the antenna unit can be reliably grounded, so that the performance of the antenna unit can be relatively stable.
  • the above-mentioned first grounding body may be a metal sheet arranged on the bottom of the first insulator, or a metal material sprayed on the bottom of the first insulator, or the like.
  • the first grounding body may also be arranged at the bottom of the first insulator in any other possible form, which may be specifically determined according to actual use requirements, and the embodiment is not limited.
  • the structure of the feed arm structure may be completely symmetrical, that is, the structure (for example, parameters such as width or length) of each of the above M feed arm units is the same;
  • the structure of the structure may also be incompletely symmetrical (for example, partially symmetrical), that is, some of the above-mentioned M feeder arm units have the same structure;
  • the structure of the feeder arm structure may also be asymmetrical, that is, the above M feeder
  • the structure of each feed arm unit in the arm unit is different. The details can be determined according to actual usage requirements, and the embodiments are not limited.
  • the structure of the feed arm structure may be completely symmetrical.
  • the first end of the first feeding arm in each of the aforementioned feeding arm units may be electrically connected to the first end of the second feeding arm, and the second end of the second feeding arm may be It is electrically connected to the first end of the third feeder arm, and the second end of the third feeder arm in each feeder arm unit can be electrically connected to each other.
  • the first feed arm, the second feed arm and the third feed arm in the aforementioned feed arm unit may be integrally formed; or may be partly integrally formed and partly assembled; and Can be fully assembled.
  • the details can be determined according to actual usage requirements, and the embodiments are not limited.
  • the M feed arm units in the above feed arm structure may be integrally formed (that is, the feed arm structure is integrally formed); it may also be one of the M feed arm units A part of the feed arm is integrally formed, and the other part of the feed arm is assembled; it is also possible that all the feed arms in the M feed arm units are assembled.
  • the details can be determined according to actual usage requirements, and the embodiments are not limited.
  • each feeding arm unit is also integrally formed, and the center position of the feeding arm structure may be that the M feeding arm units are mutually electrically connected.
  • the connected connection point is the current zero point of the M feed arm units.
  • the examples in the embodiments are all assembled with the first feeding arm and the second feeding arm in the M feeding arm units, and the third feeding arm in the M feeding arm units is integrally formed As an example to illustrate.
  • M feed arm units it is assembled with the first feed arm and the second feed arm in the M feed arm units, and the third feed arm in the M feed arm units
  • the implementation of the arm being integrally formed is similar, and in order to avoid repetition, the embodiment will not repeat it.
  • the first feeding arm and the third feeding arm in the feeding arm unit may be metal sheets, and the second feeding arm may be a metal column; or, the first feeding arm in the feeding arm unit
  • the feeding arm, the second feeding arm and the third feeding arm may all be metal sheets. The details can be determined according to actual usage requirements, and the embodiments are not limited.
  • the following specifically takes an antenna unit as an example to illustrate the working principle of the antenna unit provided in the embodiment for sending and receiving signals.
  • the signal source in the electronic device sends out an AC signal
  • the AC information can be transmitted to the power feeder arm structure through the power feeder.
  • the AC signal may be radiated outward via the first feeding arm, the second feeding arm, and the third feeding arm in the feeding arm unit. Since there can be multiple current paths for the AC signal through the feeder arm unit, for example, the current path formed on the first feeder arm, the current path from the first feeder arm to the second feeder arm, and the current path from the first feeder arm to the second feeder arm.
  • the current path from the second feeding arm and then to the third feeding arm, so the feeding arm unit can radiate electromagnetic waves of different frequencies to the outside. Therefore, the electronic device can transmit signals of different frequencies through the antenna unit provided in the embodiment.
  • the electronic device when the electronic device receives a 5G millimeter wave signal, electromagnetic waves in the space where the electronic device is located can excite the feeding arm in the feeding arm unit (for example, the third feeding arm in the feeding arm unit), Thus, the feeding arm unit can generate induced current (ie, induced AC signal). After the inductive AC signal is generated by the feeding arm unit, the feeding arm unit can input the AC signal to the receiver in the electronic device through the feeding part, so that the electronic device can receive the 5G millimeter wave signal sent by other devices. That is, the electronic device can receive the signal through the antenna unit provided in the embodiment.
  • induced current ie, induced AC signal
  • the reflection coefficient diagram of the antenna unit when the antenna unit provided in the embodiment works.
  • the frequency range covered by the antenna unit can be 25.2GHz-41.3GHz. This frequency range can include multiple millimeter wave bands (such as n257, n260, and n261).
  • the frequency range covered by the antenna unit can be 26.3GHz-30.1GHz and 36.8GHz-40.1GHz, and this frequency range can also include multiple millimeter wave frequency bands (for example, n257, n260, and n261).
  • the unit can cover most 5G millimeter wave frequency bands, which can improve the antenna performance of electronic devices.
  • the antenna unit when the return loss of an antenna unit is less than -6dB, the antenna unit can meet actual use requirements; when the return loss of an antenna unit is less than -10dB, the working performance of the antenna unit More excellent. That is, the antenna unit provided in the embodiment can ensure better working performance on the basis of meeting actual use requirements.
  • the embodiment provides an antenna unit. Since the connection point at which the third feeding arm of each of the M feeding arm units is electrically connected to each other is the current zero point of the M feeding arm units, the feeding arm The unit can work independently, that is, each feeding arm will not be interfered by other feeding arm units; and since the first isolator is electrically connected to the first grounding body, the first isolating body and the first grounding body can form one Metal cavity, so the metal cavity can make the electromagnetic waves radiated by the feeding arm structure have directivity; and since the feeding arm unit includes the first feeding arm, the second feeding arm, and the third feeding arm, when the feeding arm is When the electrical part transmits the AC signal to the feed arm unit, there can be multiple paths of current through the feed arm unit, such as the current path formed on the first feed arm, and the first feed arm to the second feed arm.
  • the frequency of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the feeding arm unit can also be multiple, which can make the antenna
  • the unit obtains a wider bandwidth, which can increase the frequency band covered by the antenna unit.
  • the above-mentioned M power feeders may penetrate the first grounding body and be insulated from the first grounding body.
  • the first end of the power feeder may be electrically connected to the second end of the first power feeder arm 2021a in the power feeder arm unit, and the second end (not shown) of the power feeder (Shown in FIG. 2) can pass through the first ground body and be electrically connected to a signal source in the electronic device (for example, a 5G signal source in the electronic device).
  • a signal source in the electronic device for example, a 5G signal source in the electronic device.
  • the current of the signal source in the electronic device can be transmitted to the first, second, and third feeding arms in the feeding arm unit through the feeding part, so that the signal in the electronic device can be
  • the current of the source is transmitted to the antenna unit, so that the antenna unit can work normally.
  • the first feeding arm and the third feeding arm in each feeding arm unit may be perpendicular to the M feeding parts, and the second feeding arm in each feeding arm unit
  • the electric arm may be perpendicular to the first feeding arm and the third feeding arm.
  • FIG. 4 it is a cross-sectional view of an antenna unit provided by an embodiment.
  • the first feeding arm 2021a and the third feeding arm 2021c in the feeding arm unit may be perpendicular to the foregoing M feeding portions 201, and the second feeding arm 2021b in the feeding arm unit may be perpendicular to the
  • the M feeders 201 are parallel, that is, the second feeder arm 2021b in the feeder arm unit is perpendicular to the first feeder arm 2021a and the third feeder arm 2021c.
  • the point a in FIG. 4 is used to indicate the connection point at which each of the M feed arm units is electrically connected to each other.
  • the position may be the center position of the feed arm structure.
  • the positional relationship between the first feeder arm, the second feeder arm, and the third feeder arm in the feeder arm unit can also be any other possible positional relationship, which can be specifically used according to actual use.
  • the requirements are determined, and the embodiments are not limited.
  • the working performance of the antenna unit may be different, so The positional relationship of the first feed arm, the second feed arm and the third feed arm in the feed arm unit can be set according to the actual use requirements of the antenna unit, so that the antenna unit provided in the embodiment can work at 5G mm In the wave band.
  • the current path on the feed arm unit can be increased, and therefore, the coverage of the antenna unit provided by the embodiment can be enlarged. Frequency band.
  • the above-mentioned feed arm structure may be arranged at the center position of the target insulator.
  • the center position of the cross section of the target insulator may be arranged at the center position of the target insulator.
  • the distance between the first end of the first feeding arm in each feeding arm unit and the center of the target insulator may be greater than the first end of the first feeding arm unit.
  • the distance between the second end of the feed arm and the center of the target insulator may be greater than the first end of the first feeding arm unit.
  • the distribution direction of the first feeding arm in the target insulator in each feeding arm unit described above may be a direction from the center of the target insulator to the edge of the target insulator.
  • the embodiment is only an example of an example where the distance between the first end of the first feeding arm and the center of the target insulator is greater than the distance between the second end of the first feeding arm and the center of the target insulator. As stated, it does not impose any limitation on it.
  • the above-mentioned first feeding arm may also be arranged in the target insulator in any possible distribution manner, which may be specifically determined according to actual use requirements, and the embodiment is not limited.
  • the electric arm unit group may include two feeding arm units symmetrically arranged, and the symmetry axis of one feeding arm unit group is orthogonal to the symmetry axis of the other feeding arm unit group.
  • the antenna unit may include two feed arm unit groups, and each feed arm unit group includes two feed arm units, the electronic device can pass through the two feed arm units in the antenna unit.
  • the groups send signals or receive signals separately, that is, the MIMO technology can be realized by the antenna unit provided in the embodiment, so that the communication capacity and communication rate of the antenna unit can be increased, that is, the data transmission rate of the antenna unit can be increased.
  • the above two feed arm units are grouped into a first feed arm unit group and a second feed arm unit group.
  • the first feeding arm unit group and the second feeding arm unit group respectively include two feeding arm units arranged symmetrically, and the symmetry axis of the first feeding arm unit group is the same as that of the second feeding arm unit group.
  • the axis of symmetry is orthogonal.
  • the first feed arm unit group and the second feed arm unit group may be two feed arm unit groups with different polarizations.
  • the first feed arm unit group may be a first polarized feed arm unit group
  • the second feed arm unit group may be a second polarized feed arm unit group.
  • the aforementioned first feeder arm unit group may include a first feeder arm unit 20210 and a second feeder arm unit 20211, and the aforementioned second feeder arm unit group may include a third feeder arm unit 20112 and a fourth feeder arm unit. 20213.
  • first feed arm unit group formed by the first feed arm unit 20210 and the second feed arm unit 20211 may be a first polarized feed arm unit group (for example, a horizontally polarized feed arm unit group) ;
  • the second feed arm unit group formed by the third feed arm unit 20122 and the fourth feed arm unit 20113 may be a second polarized feed arm unit group (for example, a vertically polarized feed arm unit group).
  • FIG. 5 is a top view of the antenna unit provided in the embodiment on the reverse of the Z axis, the coordinate system in FIG. 5 only illustrates the X axis and the Y axis.
  • the foregoing first polarization and second polarization may be polarizations in different directions.
  • the first polarization may be +45° polarization or horizontal polarization; the second polarization may be -45° polarization or vertical polarization.
  • the polarization direction of the first polarization and the polarization direction of the second polarization may also be any other possible polarization directions.
  • the details can be determined according to actual usage requirements, and the embodiments are not limited.
  • the distribution direction of the first feeding arm in the feeding arm unit in the metal groove is along the target insulator In the case of the center to the edge of the target insulator, the distance between each feed arm unit can be increased, that is, the interference between different feed arm units can be reduced, and the isolation of the antenna unit can be improved, that is, the antenna can be improved.
  • the polarization purity of the unit since the current flowing on the feeding arm unit has directivity when the antenna unit is working, the distribution direction of the first feeding arm in the feeding arm unit in the metal groove is along the target insulator In the case of the center to the edge of the target insulator, the distance between each feed arm unit can be increased, that is, the interference between different feed arm units can be reduced, and the isolation of the antenna unit can be improved, that is, the antenna can be improved The polarization purity of the unit.
  • the polarization isolation of the antenna unit provided by the embodiment will be exemplarily described below with reference to FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 6 a schematic diagram of the polarization isolation of the antenna unit when the antenna unit provided in the embodiment is working.
  • the feed arm unit group composed of the first feed arm unit and the second feed arm unit is a horizontally polarized feed arm unit group
  • the unit group is a vertically polarized feed arm group.
  • the isolation of the antenna unit is less than -115dB.
  • the isolation of the antenna unit is -10dB to meet the actual use requirements, and the smaller the polarization isolation of the antenna unit, the higher the polarization purity of the antenna unit. Therefore, the polarization of the antenna unit can be greatly improved by the above-mentioned setting method.
  • the isolation degree can be further optimized, so that the polarization performance of the antenna unit can be further optimized.
  • the first feed arm unit group and the second feed arm unit group may be two feed arm unit groups with different polarizations (first polarization and second polarization), it is possible to make
  • the antenna unit provided by the embodiment can form a dual-polarized antenna unit, which can improve the wireless connection capability of the antenna unit, thereby reducing the probability of communication disconnection of the antenna unit, that is, improving the communication capability of the antenna unit.
  • the other feeding arm unit in the first feeding arm unit group when one feeding arm unit in the first feeding arm unit group (specifically, the first feeding arm, the second feeding arm, and the third feeding arm in the feeding arm unit) ) When in the working state, the other feeding arm unit in the first feeding arm unit group may also be in the working state.
  • the other feeding arm unit in the second feeding arm unit group when one feeding arm unit in the second feeding arm unit group is in the working state, the other feeding arm unit in the second feeding arm unit group may also be in the working state. That is, the feeding arm units in the same feeding arm unit group can work at the same time.
  • the feeding arm unit in the first feeding arm unit group when the feeding arm unit in the first feeding arm unit group is in working state, the feeding arm unit in the second feeding arm unit group may be in working state or not in working state. status.
  • the details can be determined according to actual usage requirements, and the embodiments are not limited.
  • the cross section of the first isolator is rectangular
  • the symmetry axis of one feed arm unit group may be parallel to the first symmetry axis of the cross section of the first isolator
  • the other feed arm unit group The symmetry axis of may be parallel to the second symmetry axis of the cross section of the first isolator, and the first symmetry axis may be perpendicular to the second symmetry axis.
  • the symmetry axis of the first feed arm unit 20210 and the feed arm unit group formed with the second feed arm unit 20211 may be the same as the first symmetry axis of the cross section of the first isolator.
  • L1 is parallel, and the symmetry axis of the feeding arm unit group composed of the third feeding arm unit 20122 and the fourth feeding arm unit 20113 may be parallel to the second symmetry axis L2 of the cross section of the first isolator.
  • the positions of the M power feeders in the target insulator may be determined according to the positions of the M power feed arm units in the target insulator.
  • the cross section of the first isolator may be rectangular, the above M power feeders may be four power feeders, and two of the four power feeders may be located in the first On one axis of symmetry of the cross section of the isolator, the other two of the four power feeders may be located on the other axis of symmetry of the cross section of the first isolator.
  • the signal sources electrically connected to the two feeders located on the same axis of symmetry have the same amplitude and a phase difference of 180 degrees.
  • the first feed arm unit group and the second feed arm unit group may be two feed arm unit groups that are orthogonally distributed, and are similar to those in the above-mentioned first feed arm unit group.
  • the two feeders electrically connected to the first feeder arm (specifically, the second end of the first feeder arm) in the electric arm unit (the above-mentioned first feeder arm unit and the second feeder arm unit) are electrically connected
  • the amplitude of the signal source is equal, and the phase difference is 180 degrees.
  • Signals that are electrically connected to the two feeders electrically connected to the first feeder arm in the feeder arm unit (the third feeder arm unit and the fourth feeder arm unit) in the second feeder arm unit group The amplitudes of the sources are equal, and the phases are 180 degrees out of phase.
  • the above-mentioned first isolator may be used to isolate the electromagnetic waves radiated from the feed arm structure in the direction where the first isolator is located, so that the antenna unit provided by the embodiment may have directivity.
  • the above-mentioned first insulator may be any component having an isolation function, such as a metal sheet or a metal post, which is arranged on the edge of the first insulator.
  • the details can be determined according to actual usage requirements, and the embodiments are not limited.
  • the above-mentioned first spacer may be N metal pillars, and N is an integer greater than 1.
  • the diameter of the metal pillar may be determined according to the size of the first insulator. Specifically, the diameter of the metal pillar may be determined according to the cross-sectional area of the first insulator.
  • the material of the metal pillar may be any possible material such as gold, silver, or copper.
  • the details can be determined according to actual usage requirements, and the embodiments are not limited.
  • the above-mentioned metal column may be a metal column formed by pouring a metal material in the first through hole.
  • the first through hole may be a through hole provided in the first insulator (specifically, it may be an edge of the first insulator).
  • N first through holes may be provided in the first insulator, and one metal pillar is respectively provided in the N first through holes.
  • the N first through holes may be evenly distributed on the edge of the first insulator, so that the N metal posts may be evenly distributed on the edge of the first insulator.
  • the distance between any two adjacent metal pillars among the aforementioned N metal pillars may be equal.
  • the through hole can be provided in the first insulator and the metal pillar can be provided in the through hole to simplify the processing process of the first insulator, so that the antenna can be reduced.
  • the processing difficulty of the unit since the punching process is relatively simple, the through hole can be provided in the first insulator and the metal pillar can be provided in the through hole to simplify the processing process of the first insulator, so that the antenna can be reduced. The processing difficulty of the unit.
  • the effect of electromagnetic waves radiated in the direction is better.
  • the denser the metal pillars arranged in the antenna unit the better the directivity of the antenna unit.
  • the distance between two adjacent metal pillars among the aforementioned N metal pillars may be less than or equal to the first target value.
  • the first target value may be a quarter of the minimum wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the feed arm structure.
  • the process of arranging the metal pillars in the first insulator is relatively simple and easy to implement, arranging the first isolator as the aforementioned N metal pillars can simplify the manufacturing process of the antenna unit provided in the embodiment.
  • metal pillars may also be implemented through any other possible processes, which can be specifically determined according to actual use requirements, and the embodiment is not limited.
  • the target insulator may include a first insulator 205 and a second insulator 206.
  • the feeding arm structure may be located in the first insulator 205, and the second end of the first feeding arm 2021a in each of the above feeding arm units may be different from that of the M feeding parts located in the second insulator 206.
  • the power feeding part 201 is electrically connected, and the first grounding body 204 may be located at the bottom of the second insulator 206.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the first insulator may be the same as the cross-sectional shape of the first grounding body. Any possible shape such as rectangle or circle.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the second insulator may also be the same as the cross-sectional shape of the first grounding body.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the first insulator and the cross-sectional shape of the second insulator may also be any shapes that can meet actual use requirements. The details can be determined according to actual usage requirements, and the embodiments are not limited.
  • the material of the first insulator may be any possible material such as ceramic or plastic; the material of the second insulator may also be any possible material such as ceramic or plastic.
  • the details can be determined according to actual usage requirements, and the embodiments are not limited.
  • the material of the first insulator and the material of the second insulator may be the same or different.
  • the details can be determined according to actual usage requirements, and the embodiments are not limited.
  • the material of the first insulator may be an insulating material with relatively small relative permittivity and loss tangent; the material of the second insulator may also be a relative permittivity and loss tangent. Both are relatively small insulating materials. The details can be determined according to actual usage requirements, and the embodiments are not limited.
  • the material of the first insulator and the material of the second insulator may be one material, the relative dielectric constant of the material may be 2.53, and the loss tangent value may be 0.003.
  • the smaller the loss tangent value of the material of the first insulator and the material of the second insulator the smaller the interference of the first insulator and the second insulator to other components in the antenna unit, and the smaller the interference of the first insulator and the second insulator on other components in the antenna unit. The more stable the performance.
  • the antenna units shown in each of the above figures are all exemplified in conjunction with one figure in the embodiment.
  • the antenna units shown in each of the above figures can also be implemented in combination with any other figures illustrated in the above embodiments that can be combined, and will not be repeated here.
  • the embodiment provides an electronic device, and the electronic device may include the antenna unit provided in any one of the above-mentioned embodiments shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 6.
  • the antenna unit may include the relevant description of the antenna unit in the foregoing embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • the electronic device in the embodiment may be a mobile electronic device or a non-mobile electronic device.
  • the mobile electronic device may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a handheld computer, a vehicle terminal, a wearable device, an ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), a netbook, or a personal digital assistant (personal digital assistant).
  • the non-mobile electronic device may be a personal computer (PC), a television (television, TV), a server, or a teller machine, etc., and the embodiment is not specifically limited.
  • the housing of the electronic device may be provided with at least one first groove, and each of the at least one first groove may be provided with at least one antenna unit.
  • the above-mentioned first groove is provided in the housing of the electronic device, and at least one antenna unit provided in the embodiment is arranged in each first groove, so as to realize the integration of at least one embodiment provided in the electronic device. Therefore, the electronic device can include an antenna array composed of the antenna units provided in the embodiments.
  • the above-mentioned first groove may be provided in the frame of the housing of the electronic device.
  • the electronic device 3 may include a housing 30.
  • the housing 30 may include a first frame 31, a second frame 32 connected to the first frame 31, a third frame 33 connected to the second frame 32, and a fourth frame connected to both the third frame 33 and the first frame 31 34.
  • the electronic device 3 may further include a floor 35 connected to both the second frame 32 and the fourth frame 34, and a first antenna 36 composed of the third frame 33, part of the second frame 32 and part of the fourth frame 34.
  • a first groove 37 is provided on the second frame 32.
  • the antenna unit provided by the embodiment can be arranged in the first groove, so that the electronic device can include the array antenna module formed by the antenna unit provided by the embodiment, and the antenna provided by the embodiment can be integrated in the electronic device.
  • the above-mentioned floor can be a PCB or a metal middle frame in an electronic device, or a display screen of an electronic device, etc., which can be any part that can be used as a virtual ground.
  • the above-mentioned first antenna may be a second-generation mobile communication system (ie, a 2G system), a third-generation mobile communication system (ie, a 3G system), and a fourth-generation mobile communication system ( That is, the communication antenna of 4G system) and other systems.
  • the antenna unit provided in the embodiment may be an antenna of a 5G system of an electronic device.
  • the first frame, the second frame, the third frame, and the fourth frame may be connected end to end in sequence to form a closed frame; or, the first frame, the second frame, the third frame, and the fourth frame may be Part of the frames in the frame may be connected to form a semi-closed frame; or, the above-mentioned first frame, second frame, third frame, and fourth frame may not be connected to each other to form an open frame.
  • the details can be determined according to actual usage requirements, and the embodiments are not limited.
  • the frame included in the housing 30 shown in FIG. 7 is an example of a closed frame formed by connecting the first frame 31, the second frame 32, the third frame 33, and the fourth frame 34 in turn.
  • the frame formed by other connection methods partial frame connection or non-connection of each frame
  • the implementation manner is similar to the implementation manner provided in the embodiment. To avoid repetition, I won’t repeat them here.
  • the above-mentioned at least one first groove may be arranged in the same frame of the housing, or may be arranged in different frames.
  • the details can be determined according to actual usage requirements, and the embodiments are not limited.
  • one first groove (any one of the above-mentioned at least one first groove) may be provided in the first frame, the second frame, the third frame, or the fourth frame of the housing.
  • the details can be determined according to actual usage requirements, and the embodiments are not limited.
  • the first groove 37 is provided on the second frame 32 of the housing 30, and the opening direction of the first groove 37 is in the coordinate system shown in FIG.
  • the positive direction of the Z axis is taken as an example for illustration.
  • the opening direction of the first groove when the first groove is provided on the first frame of the housing, the opening direction of the first groove may be the positive X axis; when the first groove is When the first groove is arranged on the third frame of the housing, the opening direction of the first groove can be the reverse of the X axis; when the first groove is arranged on the fourth frame of the housing, the opening direction of the first groove can be Reverse the Z axis.
  • a plurality of first grooves may be provided in the housing of the electronic device, and each first groove may be provided with an antenna unit provided in the embodiment.
  • the multiple antenna elements can form an antenna array in the electronic device, so that the antenna performance of the electronic device can be improved.
  • the antenna unit provided in the embodiment when the antenna unit provided in the embodiment radiates a signal with a frequency of 28 GHz, the radiation pattern of the antenna unit is shown; as shown in FIG. 9, the antenna unit provided in the embodiment has a radiation frequency of 39 GHz. Signal, the radiation pattern of the antenna unit.
  • the antenna unit provided by the embodiment is suitable for forming a broadband antenna array.
  • the electronic device can be provided with at least two first grooves, and an antenna unit provided in the embodiment can be arranged in each first groove, so that the electronic device can include the antenna array, thereby improving the antenna of the electronic device. performance.
  • the distance between two adjacent antenna units may be determined by the isolation of the antenna units and the multiple antenna units.
  • the scanning angle of the antenna array is determined. The details can be determined according to actual usage requirements, and the embodiments are not limited.
  • the number of first grooves provided on the housing of the electronic device may be determined according to the size of the first groove and the size of the housing of the electronic device, which is not limited in the embodiment.
  • the second frame of the housing of the electronic device is provided with a plurality of first grooves (not shown in FIG. 10), and each first groove is provided with an antenna unit
  • an antenna unit may be located in a first groove in the second frame 32, the feed arm structure 202 and the first isolator 203 in the antenna unit may be arranged in the target insulator 206, and the first The isolator 203 is arranged around the feeding arm structure 202.
  • FIG. 10 exemplifies the 4 first grooves (with 4 antenna units) provided on the second frame as an example, which does not impose any limitation on the embodiment. . It can be understood that, in actual implementation, the number of first grooves provided on the second frame can be any possible value, which can be specifically determined according to actual use requirements, and the embodiment does not make any limitation.
  • An embodiment provides an electronic device, which may include an antenna unit.
  • the antenna unit may include: a target insulator, M feeders arranged in the target insulator, a feeding arm structure, and a first isolator, and a first grounding body arranged at the bottom of the target insulator; wherein, the feeding arm structure includes M feeding arm units, each feeding arm unit includes a first feeding arm, a second feeding arm electrically connected to the first end of the first feeding arm, and a first feeding arm electrically connected to the second feeding arm Three feeding arms; the second end of the first feeding arm in each feeding arm unit is electrically connected to different feeding parts of the M feeding parts, and each feeding arm unit of the M feeding arm units The third feeder arms in are electrically connected to each other, and the connection point electrically connected to each other is the current zero point of the M feeder arm units, and the first isolator is arranged around the feeder arm structure and is electrically connected to the first grounding body, M is an integer greater than 1.
  • the feeder arm units can work independently , That is, each feeding arm will not be interfered by other feeding arm units; and since the first isolator is electrically connected to the first grounding body, the first isolating body and the first grounding body can form a metal cavity, Therefore, the metal cavity can make the electromagnetic waves radiated by the feeding arm structure have directivity; and because the feeding arm unit includes the first feeding arm, the second feeding arm, and the third feeding arm, when the feeding part will AC When the signal is transmitted to the feeder arm unit, there can be many paths of current through the feeder arm unit, such as the current path formed on the first feeder arm, the current path from the first feeder arm to the second feeder arm , The current path from the first feeding arm to the second feeding arm and then to the third feeding arm, etc., so that the frequency of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the feeding arm unit can also be multiple

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

Selon un mode de réalisation, la présente invention concerne une unité d'antenne et un dispositif électronique. L'unité d'antenne comprend : un isolant cible ; M parties d'alimentation, une structure de bras d'alimentation comprenant M unités de bras d'alimentation, et un premier isolant qui sont disposés dans l'isolant cible ; et un premier corps de mise à la terre qui est disposé au niveau de la partie inférieure de l'isolant cible. Chaque unité de bras d'alimentation comprend un premier bras d'alimentation, un deuxième bras d'alimentation qui est électriquement connecté à une première extrémité du premier bras d'alimentation, et un troisième bras d'alimentation qui est électriquement connecté au deuxième bras d'alimentation. Des secondes extrémités des premiers bras d'alimentation de chacune des unités de bras d'alimentation sont électriquement connectées à différentes parties d'alimentation ; des troisièmes bras d'alimentation de chacune des unités de bras d'alimentation sont électriquement connectés l'un à l'autre, et des points de connexion qui sont électriquement connectés l'un à l'autre sont des points zéro courant des M unités de bras d'alimentation ; le premier isolant est disposé autour de la structure de bras d'alimentation et est électriquement connecté au premier corps de mise à la terre ; et M est un nombre entier supérieur à 1.
PCT/CN2020/124413 2019-10-31 2020-10-28 Unité d'antenne et dispositif électronique WO2021083217A1 (fr)

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CN110768013A (zh) * 2019-10-31 2020-02-07 维沃移动通信有限公司 一种天线单元及电子设备
CN110829021A (zh) * 2019-10-31 2020-02-21 维沃移动通信有限公司 一种天线单元及电子设备

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