WO2021082351A1 - 光学渐变系统及方法 - Google Patents

光学渐变系统及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021082351A1
WO2021082351A1 PCT/CN2020/083190 CN2020083190W WO2021082351A1 WO 2021082351 A1 WO2021082351 A1 WO 2021082351A1 CN 2020083190 W CN2020083190 W CN 2020083190W WO 2021082351 A1 WO2021082351 A1 WO 2021082351A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
fast axis
optical
axis orientation
area
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PCT/CN2020/083190
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨阳
刘新阳
李晓春
黄晖辉
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深圳市麓邦技术有限公司
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Priority to US16/759,849 priority Critical patent/US11340116B2/en
Publication of WO2021082351A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021082351A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
    • G02B27/1006—Beam splitting or combining systems for splitting or combining different wavelengths
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J4/00—Measuring polarisation of light
    • G01J4/02—Polarimeters of separated-field type; Polarimeters of half-shadow type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V9/00—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters
    • F21V9/14—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters for producing polarised light
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S10/00—Lighting devices or systems producing a varying lighting effect
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
    • G02B27/281—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising used for attenuating light intensity, e.g. comprising rotatable polarising elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
    • G02B27/283—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising used for beam splitting or combining
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
    • G02B27/288—Filters employing polarising elements, e.g. Lyot or Solc filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J4/00—Measuring polarisation of light
    • G01J4/04—Polarimeters using electric detection means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F19/00—Advertising or display means not otherwise provided for
    • G09F19/12—Advertising or display means not otherwise provided for using special optical effects
    • G09F19/18—Advertising or display means not otherwise provided for using special optical effects involving the use of optical projection means, e.g. projection of images on clouds
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F19/00—Advertising or display means not otherwise provided for
    • G09F19/12—Advertising or display means not otherwise provided for using special optical effects
    • G09F19/20—Advertising or display means not otherwise provided for using special optical effects with colour-mixing effects

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of optical technology, and in particular to an optical gradual change system and method.
  • Advertising projection lamps can produce various patterns, mainly serving various entertainment venues such as bars, discos, coffee shops, KTV, etc., and can be used as directional lighting in business, such as clothing stores, convenience stores, supermarkets, and specialty stores.
  • Various light spots are printed with the company's LOGO to create lighting effects, which can be used in exhibitions to highlight the product or company image.
  • the advertising projection lamp is generally composed of four parts, which are in order along the light transmission direction: light source-lens group-projection sheet-lens group.
  • the projection film is also called the gobo for imaging, so the quality of the gobo directly affects the projection effect. Therefore, if you want to change the pattern of the advertising projection lamp, you must change a different pattern piece.
  • the white light passing through the projection film is presented as a color pattern.
  • Its working mode is roughly as follows: the light source beam is directly hit on the projection sheet after being collimated, and the projection sheet plays a role of filtering.
  • the shape of the required pattern is made on the projection film through a customized process, and different parts transmit different colors of light to form a color pattern. But its disadvantage is that the color of the pattern is fixed and cannot be changed.
  • the purpose of the present disclosure is to provide an optical gradation system and method to enrich color changes.
  • an optical gradual change system including:
  • the first device is used to emit broad-spectrum linearly polarized light in the first polarization direction
  • the second device is provided with at least one first area for dividing light of different wavelengths mixed in the broad-spectrum linearly polarized light incident from the first device into outgoing light of different polarization directions without changing the propagation path of the light beam;
  • the third device is used to filter out the linearly polarized light in the second polarization direction from the light emitted by the second device in different polarization directions;
  • a rotating mechanism for driving at least one of the first device, the second device, and the third device to rotate;
  • the first device, the second device and the third device are coaxially arranged.
  • an optical gradation method including:
  • the first device emits broad-spectrum linearly polarized light in the first polarization direction to the second device provided with at least one first region;
  • the first region of the second device differentiates the light of different wavelengths mixed in the incident broad-spectrum linear polarized light into outgoing light of different polarization directions without changing the propagation path of the light beam;
  • the third device filters out the linearly polarized light in the second polarization direction from the light emitted by the second device in different polarization directions;
  • At least one rotating mechanism is used to drive at least one of the coaxially arranged first device, second device, and third device to rotate.
  • the relative angle between the first device, the second device and the third device is changed, so that the wavelength component with the highest transmittance in the mixed light emitted through the third device is changed, thereby producing the color Gradient color or light-dark transformation effect. It can be widely used in advertising projection lamps such as door heads, floors and walls with rotating patterns.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of part of the optical path of an optical gradual change system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 2 is a block diagram of an exemplary wave plate structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a part of the optical path of an optical gradual change system according to another embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 4 is a lunar grayscale image of a second device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 5 is a starry sky grayscale image of a second device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a photomask pattern according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a photomask pattern according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is an exemplary flowchart of an optical gradation method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • An aspect of the present disclosure provides an optical gradation system, as shown in FIG. 1, which includes a first device 1, a second device 2, a third device 3 that are coaxially arranged, and are used to drive the first device, the second device, or At least one rotating mechanism 4 for the third device to rotate.
  • the rotation mechanism 4 shown here may be one rotation mechanism or multiple separate rotation mechanisms, wherein each rotation mechanism individually controls the first device, the second device, and the third device.
  • the first device 1 is configured to emit broad-spectrum linearly polarized light in the first polarization direction to the second device 2.
  • the first device 1 may be a polarizer that converts an external broad-spectrum light source to linearly polarized light or a broad-spectrum linearly polarized light source; wherein, the broad-spectrum light source includes, but is not limited to, a white light source. Its methods of generating linearly polarized light include but are not limited to:
  • Polarized light is generated through reflection and refraction, such as polarization beam splitters and Nicol prisms.
  • Linearly polarized light is produced by dichroism, such as artificial polarizers.
  • Birefringent crystals produce linearly polarized light, such as Glan Foucault prisms.
  • the second device 2 is provided with at least one first region for differentiating light of different wavelengths mixed in the incident broad-spectrum linear polarization into outgoing light of different polarization directions without changing the propagation path of the beam.
  • the second device 2 is a wave plate.
  • the third device 3 is used to filter out the linearly polarized light in the second polarization direction from the light emitted by the second device 2 in different polarization directions.
  • the third device 3 may specifically be a linear polarizer.
  • FIG. 2 is an exemplary wave plate structure block diagram according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • a second region 22 without orientation processing can be provided on the second device 2. It is used to transmit the background light of the projected background part (the area not oriented is used to realize the ordinary window sheet function), and the first area 21 (shown as two, but not disclosed is not limited to this, and may include other numbers and The first area of the shape) is used to set the projected content parts such as text and/or patterns.
  • FIG. 2 is only an example of the present disclosure. According to the principles of the present disclosure, wave plates of different shapes and sizes can also be provided.
  • the present disclosure optionally further includes a photomask 5 disposed between the first device 1 and the second device 2, and the photomask 5 includes a light-transmitting part and a non-light-transmitting part.
  • the photomask 5 shown in FIG. 3 is located between the first device 1 and the second device 2, the present disclosure is not limited to this, and the photomask 5 may also be provided on the second device 2 and the third device.
  • a collimator can be set between the broad-spectrum light source and the first device to collimate the divergent light emitted by the broad-spectrum light source.
  • a lens group that diverges the collimated outgoing light can also be further provided between the third device 3 and the projected object.
  • the alignment layer determines the internal arrangement structure of the liquid crystal layer.
  • the first area may be oriented by exposing a photosensitive material that is sensitive to linear polarization.
  • the unexposed area corresponds to the second area mentioned above.
  • the outgoing beam will produce different color conversion effects, such as: thickness x will produce a gradient between red and green, and thickness y will produce a gradient between blue and yellow. , The thickness z will produce a gradient between red and yellow.
  • the liquid crystal layer of the same thickness in the first region with the same fast axis orientation, produce different phase retardations depending on the wavelength of the incident light, so that the mixing of broad-spectrum linear polarized light such as white light in this embodiment is different.
  • Wavelength light produces different polarization direction changes.
  • the number of the first regions in the wave plate is at least two, and the at least two first regions respectively correspond to different fast axis orientations, so that: the liquid crystal layer of the same thickness corresponds to two different fast axis orientations.
  • two parallel beams of incident light with the same wavelength will also produce different phase retardations, which in turn will also produce different polarization direction changes.
  • the relative angle between the first device, the second device and the third device is changed, so that the wavelength component with the highest transmittance in the mixed light emitted through the third device is changed, thereby producing the color Gradient color transformation effect. It can be widely used in advertising projection lamps such as door heads, floors and walls with rotating patterns.
  • the orientation angle of the fast axis inside the first region may be set according to a preset pattern represented by different gray values, wherein in the preset pattern, the fast axis corresponding to the pixel with the largest gray value
  • the orientation angle and the fast axis orientation angle corresponding to the pixel with the smallest gray value can be set to be perpendicular to each other, such as 0 degrees and 90 degrees, respectively.
  • the fast axis orientation angle inside the first area may be set to be proportional to the gray value in the preset pattern.
  • the first region may include a plurality of parts, and the fast axis orientation angle inside each part is the same and randomly set.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a lunar grayscale image of the second device 2, where different grayscale values represent different fast axis orientation angles, and the fast axis orientation angle is proportional to the grayscale value.
  • the fast axis orientation angles between the pixel with the largest gray value and the pixel with the smallest gray value are perpendicular to each other, such as 0 degrees and 90 degrees, respectively.
  • a photomask 5 is provided between the first device 1 or the third device 3 and the second device 2, and the pure black part in FIG. 4 is blocked by the photomask 5.
  • the movement speed of the second device 2 and the photomask 5 can be set to be the same.
  • the photomask 5 is a separate glass plate provided with corresponding opaque parts for shielding the pure black part in FIG. 4.
  • the second device 2 for example, a wave plate
  • a mask 5 to block part of the area
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a starry sky-like grayscale image of the second device 2, in which the fast axis orientation angle is not directly related to the gray value, and the fast axis orientation angle is randomly arranged, but the fast axis of a single star
  • the axis orientation angles are the same, and the fast axis orientation angles between the pixel with the largest gray value and the pixel with the smallest gray value are perpendicular to each other, such as 0 degrees and 90 degrees, respectively.
  • a photomask 5 is provided between the position of the first device 1 or the third device 3 and the second device 2, and the pure black part in FIG. 4 is blocked by the photomask 5.
  • the movement speed of the second device and the photomask 5 can be set to be the same.
  • the light shield 5 is a separate glass plate provided with corresponding opaque parts for shielding the pure black part in FIG. 5.
  • the second device 2 (such as a wave plate) into a starry sky pattern, and using a mask 5 to block a part of the area, when the second device 2 and the first device 1 or the third device 3 rotate relative to each other, the projected The unobstructed part of the starry sky pattern will have light and dark changes. Because the fast axis of a single star is oriented randomly, the time of the alternating light and dark changes between different stars during the rotation process is different, to achieve the effect of star twinkle, which simulates the real The movement of the starry sky.
  • starry sky pattern in FIG. 5 is only one example of the present disclosure, and the technical solution of the present disclosure is also applicable to the dynamic display of other starry sky patterns.
  • FIG. 7 which respectively show a striped grayscale image and an exemplary photomask pattern of the second device 2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • different gray scales represent different fast axis orientation angles, and the fast axis orientation angle is proportional to the gray value.
  • the pixel with the largest gray value in the figure is faster than the pixel with the smallest gray value.
  • the axis orientation angles are perpendicular to each other, such as 0 degrees and 90 degrees, respectively.
  • a photomask 5 is provided between the first device 1 or the third device 3 and the second device 2.
  • the pattern of the photomask 5 can be as shown in Figure 7.
  • the black part is the opaque part, and the white part is the light-transmitting part. .
  • the second device 2 and the photomask 5 both move independently. For example, when the second device 2 rotates, the photomask 5 remains stationary.
  • the photomask 5 is a separate glass plate.
  • the second device 2 (such as a wave plate) into a striped pattern, and using a mask 5 to block a part of the area, when the second device 2 and the first device 1 or the third device 3 rotate relative to each other, the projected The unobstructed part of the pattern will change in brightness.
  • the wave plate adopts the structure of Figure 6a
  • the transmitted pattern alternately changes from the left to the right.
  • the transmitted pattern changes from the middle. Alternate light and dark changes to both sides.
  • the striped pattern in FIGS. 6a-6b is only one example of the present disclosure, and the present disclosure may also include other striped patterns, such as striped patterns that achieve a gradient effect in the vertical direction.
  • the photomask pattern shown in FIG. 7 is only one example of the present disclosure, and the present disclosure may also include other photomask patterns, such as other characters, or numbers or graphics.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a photomask with a landscape ink painting pattern.
  • the part with shrimps is the light-transmitting part.
  • a suitable fast axis orientation on the second device 2 for example, a wave plate
  • the fast axis orientation of the same shrimp in the figure is the same, and the fast axis orientations of different shrimps are different.
  • the second device 2 and the photomask 5 move at the same speed.
  • the photomask 5 is a separate glass plate.
  • the transmitted pattern that is, between the shrimp and the shrimp, will change in brightness and darkness, so as to achieve the effect of moving the landscape painting.
  • an optical gradation method is also disclosed. Referring to FIG. 9, it includes:
  • the first device emits broad-spectrum linearly polarized light in the first polarization direction to the second device provided with at least one first region;
  • the first region of the second device differentiates the light of different wavelengths mixed in the incident broad-spectrum linear polarization into the emergent light of different polarization directions without changing the propagation path of the light beam;
  • the third device filters out the linearly polarized light in the second polarization direction from the light emitted by the second device in different polarization directions;
  • At least one rotating mechanism is used to drive the coaxially arranged first device, second device or third device to rotate.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

公开了一种光学渐变系统及方法，光学渐变系统包括：第一器件，用于发射第一偏振方向的广谱线偏光；第二器件，设置有至少一个第一区域以用于在不改变光束传播路径的情况下，将第一器件入射的广谱线偏光中混合的不同波长光分化成不同偏振方向的出射光；第三器件，用于从所述第二器件不同偏振方向的出射光中过滤出第二偏振方向的线偏光；以及旋转机构，用于驱动所述第一器件、第二器件和第三器件中的至少一个器件旋转；其中所述第一器件、第二器件和第三器件同轴设置。

Description

光学渐变系统及方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2019年11月2日提交的、申请号为201911062461.0、名称为“光学渐变系统及方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容以引用方式并入本文中。
技术领域
本公开涉及光学技术领域，尤其涉及一种光学渐变系统及方法。
背景技术
广告投影灯可以打出各种图案，主要服务于酒吧、迪吧、咖啡厅、KTV等各种娱乐场所，商业上可以用做定向照明，如服装店、便利店、超市、专卖店，可以调出各种光斑，打出公司LOGO，用来营造灯光效果，用于展会可以突出宣传产品或公司形象。
广告投影灯一般由四部分组成，沿光的透射方向依次为：光源-透镜组-投影片-透镜组。其中，投影片又称为用于成像的图案片，因此图案片的质量直接影响着投影效果。所以广告投影灯要想换图案就要更换不同的图案片。
通过对投影片进行定制化工艺加工，使透过投影片的白光呈现为彩色图案。其工作方式大致为：光源光束经过准直后直接打在投影片上，投影片起到滤波的作用。通过定制化工艺在投影片上做出需要的图案的形状，不同的部分透过不同的色光，就构成了彩色图案。但其缺点在于图案的颜色固定、不能改变。
公开内容
本公开目的在于提供一种光学渐变系统及方法，以丰富颜色的变化。
为达上述目的，本公开提供一种光学渐变系统，包括：
第一器件，用于发射第一偏振方向的广谱线偏光；
第二器件，设置有至少一个第一区域以用于在不改变光束传播路径的情况下，将第一器件入射的广谱线偏光中混合的不同波长光分化成不同偏振方向的出射光；
第三器件，用于从所述第二器件不同偏振方向的出射光中过滤出第二偏振方向的线偏光；以及
旋转机构，用于驱动所述第一器件、第二器件和第三器件中的至少一个器件旋转；
其中所述第一器件、第二器件和第三器件同轴设置。
与上述系统相对应的，本公开还提供一种光学渐变方法，包括：
第一器件向设置有至少一个第一区域的第二器件发射第一偏振方向的广谱线偏光；
所述第二器件的第一区域在不改变光束传播路径的情况下，将入射广谱线偏光中混合的不同波长光分化成不同偏振方向的出射光；
所述第三器件从所述第二器件不同偏振方向的出射光中过滤出第二偏振方向的线偏光；以及
利用至少一个旋转机构驱动同轴设置的第一器件、第二器件和第三器件中的至少一者旋转。
本公开具有以下有益效果：
通过旋转使得第一器件、第二器件和第三器件之间的相对角度发生变化，进而使得透过第三器件出射的混合光中，透过率最大的波长组分发生改变，从而产生了颜色渐变的彩色或者明暗变换效果。可以广泛应用于旋转图案的门头、地面和墙面等广告投影灯中。
下面将参照附图，对本公开作进一步详细的说明。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分的附图用来提供对本公开的进一步理解，本公开的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本公开，并不构成对本公开的不当限定。在附图中：
图1是根据本公开实施例的光学渐变系统的部分光路示意图；
图2是根据本公开实施例的示例性波片结构框图；
图3是根据本公开另一实施例的光学渐变系统的部分光路示意图；
图4是根据本公开实施例的第二器件的月球状灰度图；
图5是根据本公开实施例的第二器件的星空状灰度图；
图6a-6b根据本公开实施例的第二器件的条纹状灰度图；
图7是根据本公开实施例的光罩图案示意图；
图8是根据本公开另一实施例的光罩图案示意图；
图9是根据本公开实施例的光学渐变方法的示例性流程图。
具体实施方式
本部分将详细描述本公开的具体实施例，本公开之较佳实施例在附图中示出，附图的作用在于用图形补充说明书文字部分的描述，使人能够直观地、形象地理解本公开的每个技术特征和整体技术方案，但其不能理解为对本公开保护范围的限制。
在本公开的描述中，需要理解的是，涉及到方位描述，例如“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描 述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。
在本公开的描述中，如果有描述到“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等只是用于区分技术特征的目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的先后关系。
本公开的描述中，除非另有明确的限定，设置、安装、连接等词语应做广义理解，所属技术领域技术人员可以结合技术方案的具体内容合理确定上述词语在本公开中的具体含义。
本公开的一方面提供一种光学渐变系统，如图1所示，包括同轴设置的第一器件1、第二器件2、第三器件3、以及用于驱动第一器件、第二器件或第三器件旋转的至少一个旋转机构4。应当理解的是，此处示出的旋转机构4可以为一个旋转机构，也可以为多个单独的旋转机构，其中每一旋转机构分别单独控制第一器件、第二器件和第三器件。
在一些实施例中，第一器件1构造用于向第二器件2发射第一偏振方向的广谱线偏光。在一些实施例中，该第一器件1可为将外部广谱光源进行线偏光转换的起偏器或者是广谱的线偏光光源；其中，该广谱光源包括但不限于白光光源。其产生线偏振光的方法包括但不限于:
1、通过反射及折射来产生偏振光，如偏振分光镜、尼科尔棱镜。
2、由二向色性产生线偏振光，比如人造偏振片。
3、双折射晶体产生线偏振光，比如格兰傅科棱镜等。
在一些实施例中，第二器件2设置有至少一个第一区域以用于在不改变光束传播路径的情况下，将入射广谱线偏光中混合的不同波长光分化成不同偏振方向的出射光。在一些实施例中，该第二器件2为波片。
在一些实施例中，第三器件3用于从第二器件2不同偏振方向的出射光中过滤出第二偏振方向的线偏光。在一些实施例中，该第三器件3可具体为线性偏振片。
当本实施例被应用于进行LOGO投影时，如图2所示，其为根据本公开实施例的示例性波片结构框图，可在第二器件2上设置未进行取向处理的第二区域22以用于透射投影背景部分的背景光(未进行取向的区域用于实现普通的窗口片功能)，而第一区域21(图示为两个，但不公开不限于此，可包括其它数量和形状的第一区域)则用于设置文字和/或图案等投影内容部分。可以理解的是，图2仅仅为本公开的一种示例，根据本公开的原理，还可以设置不同形状以及尺寸的波片。
在一实施例中，参考图3所示，本公开还可选地包括设置于第一器件1和第二器件2之间的光罩5，该光罩5包括透光部分和非透光部分，以实现投影内容部分的设置。应当理解的是，虽然图3中所示的光罩5处于第一器件1和第二器件2之间，但是本公开不限于此， 该光罩5也可设置于第二器件2和第三器件3之间。在具体的部署过程中，可以在广谱光源与第一器件之间设置准直器，以对广谱光源发出的发散光进行准直处理。相对应的，也可进一步在第三器件3与受投影对象之间设置使准直的出射光发散的透镜组。
在波片的制备过程中，取向层决定了液晶层的内部排列结构。本实施例中，第一区域可采用对线偏振敏感的光敏材料进行曝光的方式进行取向。而未曝光的区域则对应上述的第二区域。此外，本实施例在使用状态下，随波片厚度不同，会使出射光束产生不同的彩色变换效果，如：厚度x会产生红绿之间的渐变，厚度y会产生蓝黄之间的渐变，厚度z则会产生红黄之间的渐变。也使得：同厚度的液晶层，在快轴取向相同的第一区域中，随入射光波长的不同而产生不同的相位延迟量，进而使得本实施例中白光等广谱线偏光所混合的不同波长光产生不同的偏振方向改变。进一步的，波片中第一区域的数量为至少两个，且至少两个第一区域分别对应不同的快轴取向，可使得：同厚度的液晶层，在分别对应快轴取向不同的两个第一区域中，两束平行的同波长入射光也会产生不同的相位延迟量，进而也会产生不同的偏振方向改变。藉此可形成：在通过旋转使得第一器件1、第二器件2和第三器件3之间的相对角度发生变化时，快轴取向不同的两个区域形成同一对颜色的不同渐变状态，例如：厚度为x的波片上，快轴取向为α的第一区域会使最终的投影图案正在变成红色时，快轴取向为β的第一区域会使最终的投影图案正在变成绿色；从而进一步丰富了颜色渐变的趣味性和美观性。
通过旋转使得第一器件、第二器件和第三器件之间的相对角度发生变化，进而使得透过第三器件出射的混合光中，透过率最大的波长组分发生改变，从而产生了颜色渐变的彩色变换效果。可以广泛应用于旋转图案的门头、地面和墙面等广告投影灯中。
在一些实施例中，第一区域内部的快轴取向角可以根据以不同灰度值表示的预设图案设置，其中在所述预设图案中，灰度值最大的像素点所对应的快轴取向角与灰度值最小的像素点所对应的快轴取向角可设置为相互垂直，如分别为0度和90度。此外，根据应用场景以及所需的显示效果，第一区域内部的快轴取向角可以设置为与预设图案中的灰度值成正比。可替代地，第一区域可包括多个部分，每一部分内部的快轴取向角相同且随机设置。下面通过提供几种不同显示场景以进一步说明本公开的应用。
参考图4所示，本公开实施例提供了第二器件2的月球状灰度图，其中不同的灰度值代表不同的快轴取向角，快轴取向角与灰度值成正比，图中灰度值最大的像素点与灰度值最小的像素点之间快轴取向角相互垂直，如分别为0度和90度。并在第一器件1或者第三器件3与第二器件2之间设置有光罩5，通过光罩5来挡住图4中的纯黑色部分。在该实施例中，可设置第二器件2与光罩5两者运动速度一致。在一些实施例中，所述光罩5为单独的玻璃板，所述玻璃板设置有用于遮挡图4中的纯黑色部分的相应不透光部分。
通过将第二器件2(例如波片)设计成星球图案，并用光罩5来挡住部分区域，当第二器件2与第一器件1或者第三器件3之间发生相对转动时，投射出来的星球图案中未被挡住的部分会发生明暗变化，达到模拟真实星球运转的效果。
此外，应当理解的是，虽然图4中的星球图案示出为月球，但本公开的应用不限于此，本公开的技术方案同样适用其它星球(如地球)的动态显示。
参考图5所示，本公开实施例提供了第二器件2的星空状灰度图，其中快轴取向角与灰度值无直接关系，快轴取向角成随机排布，但单个星星的快轴取向角相同，灰度值最大的像素点与灰度值最小的像素点之间快轴取向角相互垂直，如分别为0度和90度。并在第一器件1或者第三器件3与第二器件2位置之间设置有光罩5，通过光罩5来挡住图4中的纯黑色部分。在该实施例中，可设置第二器件与光罩5两者运动速度一致。在一些实施例中，所述光罩5为单独的玻璃板，所述玻璃板设置有用于遮挡图5中的纯黑色部分的相应不透光部分。
通过将第二器件2(例如波片)设计成星空状图案，并用光罩5来挡住部分区域，当第二器件2与第一器件1或者第三器件3之间发生相对转动时，投射出来的星空图案中未被挡住的部分会发生明暗变化，由于单个星星的快轴是随机取向的，所以在旋转过程中不同的星星之间明暗交替变化的时间不同，达到星星闪烁的效果，模拟真实星空的运转。
此外，应当理解的是，图5中的星空状图案仅仅是本公开的其中一种示例，本公开的技术方案同样适用其它星空状图案的动态显示。
参考图6a-6b以及图7，其中分别示出了根据本公开实施例的第二器件2的条纹状灰度图以及示例性光罩图案。在图6a-6b中，不同的灰度代表不同的快轴取向角，快轴取向角与灰度值成正比，图中灰度值最大的像素点与灰度值最小的像素点之间快轴取向角相互垂直，如分别为0度和90度。并在第一器件1或者第三器件3与第二器件2之间设置了光罩5，光罩5的图案可如图7所示，黑色部分为不透光部分，白色部分为透光部分。第二器件2与光罩5两者独立运动，例如，在第二器件2旋转时，光罩5保持不动。在一些实施例中，所述光罩5为单独的玻璃板。
通过将第二器件2(例如波片)设计成条纹状图案，并用光罩5来挡住部分区域，当第二器件2与第一器件1或者第三器件3之间发生相对转动时，投射出来的图案中未被挡住的部分会发生明暗变化，当波片采用图6a的结构时，透射出来的图案从左边往右边发生明暗交替变化，当采用图6b的结构时，透射出来的图案从中间往两边发生明暗交替变化。
此外，应当理解的是，图6a-6b中的条纹状图案仅仅是本公开的其中一种示例，本公开还可包括其它条纹状图案，例如在竖直方向上实现渐变效果的条纹状图案。此外，图7中所示的光罩图案也仅仅是本公开的其中一种示例，本公开还可包括其它光罩图案，例如其它文字，或者数字或图形等。
参考图8所示，本公开实施例提供了一种山水墨画图案的光罩，在该图中，有虾的部分为透光部分。通过在第二器件2(例如波片)上设计出合适的快轴取向，使得图中同一只虾快轴取向相同，不同虾之间快轴取向不同。第二器件2与光罩5运动速度相同。在一些实施例中，光罩5为单独的玻璃板。
当第二器件2与第一器件1或者第三器件3之间发生相对转动时，透射出来的图案，即虾与虾之间会发生明暗变化，从而达到山水画动起来的效果。
根据本公开的另一方面，与上述光学渐变系统实施例相对应的，还公开一种光学渐变方法，参考图9，包括：
第一器件向设置有至少一个第一区域的第二器件发射第一偏振方向的广谱线偏光；
第二器件的第一区域在不改变光束传播路径的情况下，将入射广谱线偏光中混合的不同波长光分化成不同偏振方向的出射光；
第三器件从第二器件不同偏振方向的出射光中过滤出第二偏振方向的线偏光；以及
利用至少一个旋转机构驱动同轴设置的第一器件、第二器件或第三器件旋转。
可以理解的是，上述光学渐变系统实施例的全部内容同样适用于该方法实施例，且具备同样的技术效果，在此不再重复描述。
以上所述仅为本公开的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本公开，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本公开可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本公开的原理之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本公开的保护范围之内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种光学渐变系统，包括：
    第一器件，用于发射第一偏振方向的广谱线偏光；
    第二器件，设置有至少一个第一区域以用于在不改变光束传播路径的情况下，将第一器件入射的广谱线偏光中混合的不同波长光分化成不同偏振方向的出射光；
    第三器件，用于从所述第二器件不同偏振方向的出射光中过滤出第二偏振方向的线偏光；以及
    至少一个旋转机构，用于驱动所述第一器件、第二器件和第三器件中的至少一个器件旋转；
    其中所述第一器件、第二器件和第三器件同轴设置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光学渐变系统，其中，所述第一器件为起偏器或广谱线偏光光源，所述第二器件为波片，所述第三器件为线性偏振片。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的光学渐变系统，其中所述第一区域的数量设置为至少两个，且同一第一区域的快轴取向角相同，不同第一区域之间的快轴取向角不同。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的光学渐变系统，其中，所述第二器件上还设有未进行取向处理的第二区域，所述第一区域用于设置投影内容部分，所述第二区域用于透射投影背景部分。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的光学渐变系统，其中，还包括设置于所述第一器件和第二器件或所述第二器件和第三器件之间的光罩，所述光罩包括透光部分和非透光部分。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的光学渐变系统，其中，所述第一区域内部的快轴取向角根据以不同灰度值表示的预设图案设置，其中在所述预设图案中，灰度值最大的像素点所对应的快轴取向角与灰度值最小的像素点所对应的快轴取向角相互垂直。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的光学渐变系统，其中，所述第一区域内部的快轴取向角与预设图案中的灰度值成正比。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的光学渐变系统，其中，所述第一区域包括多个部分，每一部分内部的快轴取向角相同且随机设置。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的光学渐变系统，还包括设置于所述第一器件和第二器件或所述第二器件和第三器件之间的光罩，所述光罩包括透光部分和非透光部分。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的光学渐变系统，所述波片上还设有未进行取向处理的第二区域，所述第一区域用于设置投影内容部分，所述第二区域用于透射投影背景部分。
  11. 一种光学渐变方法，包括：
    第一器件向设置有至少一个第一区域的第二器件发射第一偏振方向的广谱线偏光；
    所述第二器件的第一区域在不改变光束传播路径的情况下，将入射广谱线偏光中混合的不同波长光分化成不同偏振方向的出射光；
    所述第三器件从所述第二器件不同偏振方向的出射光中过滤出第二偏振方向的线偏光；以及
    利用至少一个旋转机构驱动同轴设置的第一器件、第二器件和第三器件中的至少一者旋转。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的光学渐变方法，其中，所述第一器件采用起偏器或广谱线偏光光源，所述第二器件采用波片，所述第三器件采用线性偏振片。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的光学渐变方法，其中，所述第一区域的数量为至少两个，且同一第一区域的快轴取向角相同，不同第一区域之间的快轴取向角不同。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的光学渐变方法，其中，所述第二器件上还设有未进行取向处理的第二区域，所述第一区域用于设置投影内容部分，所述第二区域用于透射投影背景部分。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的光学渐变方法，其中，还包括设置于所述第一器件和第二器件或所述第二器件和第三器件之间的光罩，所述光罩包括透光部分和非透光部分。
  16. 根据权利要求13所述的光学渐变方法，其中，所述第一区域内部的快轴取向角根据以不同灰度值表示的预设图案设置，其中在所述预设图案中，灰度值最大的像素点所对应的快轴取向角与灰度值最小的像素点所对应的快轴取向角相互垂直。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的光学渐变方法，其中，所述第一区域内部的快轴取向角与预设图案中的灰度值成正比。
  18. 根据权利要求16所述的光学渐变方法，其中，所述第一区域包括多个部分，每一部分内部的快轴取向角相同且随机设置。
  19. 根据权利要求16所述的光学渐变方法，还包括设置于所述第一器件和第二器件或所述第二器件和第三器件之间的光罩，所述光罩包括透光部分和非透光部分。
  20. 根据权利要求16所述的光学渐变方法，所述波片上还设有未进行取向处理的第二区域，所述第一区域用于设置投影内容部分，所述第二区域用于透射投影背景部分。
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