WO2021078299A1 - 自适应式微波探测器和自适应方法 - Google Patents

自适应式微波探测器和自适应方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021078299A1
WO2021078299A1 PCT/CN2020/123664 CN2020123664W WO2021078299A1 WO 2021078299 A1 WO2021078299 A1 WO 2021078299A1 CN 2020123664 W CN2020123664 W CN 2020123664W WO 2021078299 A1 WO2021078299 A1 WO 2021078299A1
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signal
adaptive
microwave detector
frequency
detection
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PCT/CN2020/123664
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English (en)
French (fr)
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邹高迪
邹新
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深圳迈睿智能科技有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN201911024859.5A external-priority patent/CN110632565A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201911023831.XA external-priority patent/CN110632564A/zh
Application filed by 深圳迈睿智能科技有限公司 filed Critical 深圳迈睿智能科技有限公司
Publication of WO2021078299A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021078299A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/36—Means for anti-jamming, e.g. ECCM, i.e. electronic counter-counter measures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of microwave detection, in particular to an adaptive microwave detector and an adaptive method.
  • microwave detection technology in radio technology is widely used in various fields and has become a very important part of people's lives.
  • microwave detectors face interference from different interference sources in different application scenarios. For example, interference from other radio equipment.
  • 2.4Ghz, 5.8Ghz, 10.525Ghz, 24.125Gh and other frequency bands that do not require a license in the field of microwave detection.
  • Corresponding microwave detectors can comply with certain transmission power when using these frequency bands (generally low transmission power).
  • the microwave detector based on the principle of microwave Doppler effect judges whether there is motion or action in the detection area based on the change of the signal frequency observed when the signal source moves relative to the observation point. Therefore, the microwave based on the principle of microwave Doppler effect The detector can only determine whether there is motion or action, but cannot identify the source of these motions or actions. Therefore, when the microwave detector receives the change in the frequency of the signal fed back by the interference action source or the microwave interference source, the microwave detector will also mistake it as a trigger signal and perform normal work, for example, when the When there is no human body in the detection area of the microwave detector, the microwave detector is triggered by the microwave interference source in the detection area to work, which will undoubtedly interfere with the normal operation of the microwave detector and cause a waste of resources .
  • microwave detectors when microwave detectors are used in different environments, due to the different interference sources in the environment, the microwave detectors may have different working effects.
  • microwave detectors used in factories and household microwaves The different sources of interference to the detector may cause the microwave detector used in the household scene to be falsely triggered after being installed in the factory. This is due to the fact that the current microwave detector is not suitable for the environment. It can also be understood that this is caused by the poor anti-interference ability of existing microwave detectors.
  • it is unrealistic to configure different microwave detectors according to different application scenarios. On the one hand, it will increase the production cost, and on the other hand, it will also lead to the limitation of the use range of the microwave detector.
  • the microwave detector includes an antenna loop 10P, an oscillator 20P, and a mixed frequency detector.
  • Unit 30P where the oscillator 20P of the microwave detector adopts self-excited oscillation, its oscillation frequency is difficult to be accurately controlled during the manufacturing process and is fixed at a certain frequency in the 5.8Ghz frequency band (5.725-5.875Ghz) , While having a certain bandwidth, the antenna loop 10P is excited by the oscillator 20P to transmit the electromagnetic wave signal at the frequency of the oscillator 20P and receive the corresponding echo signal, and the mixing detection unit 30P is connected at the same time The oscillator 20P and the antenna loop 10P are used to detect the frequency difference between the transmitted electromagnetic wave signal and the received echo signal.
  • the frequency mixing detection unit 30P can output a Doppler signal. It is understandable that when there are other electromagnetic wave signals of frequencies corresponding to the frequency points of the microwave detector with a certain bandwidth in the detection area, the antenna loop 10P can also receive the electromagnetic wave signals and be interfered with. That is to say, when the electromagnetic wave coverage of the 5.8Ghz frequency band and adjacent frequency bands becomes higher and higher, the probability of the microwave detector being interfered will also become greater.
  • the current microwave detectors based on the principle of the microwave Doppler effect especially the microwave detectors that use the 5.8Ghz frequency band, will face more and more serious mutual interference problems. Different environmental conditions affect the microwave The requirements of the detector will be more demanding.
  • the microwave detector works based on the principle of the microwave Doppler effect.
  • the electromagnetic wave emitted by the microwave detector itself has a certain dissipation distance and range. In a small space, the electromagnetic wave cannot be dissipated and attenuated normally, so much The phenomenon of secondary reflection, and the echo formed by each reflection can be received by the microwave detector, and the interference signal of the microwave detector will be output correspondingly, that is, the multiple reflections of electromagnetic waves in a narrow space It will affect the normal operation of the microwave detector, that is, self-excited interference will be caused to the microwave detector.
  • the electromagnetic waves in the narrow space will increase the density of the electromagnetic waves after multiple reflections in the narrow space, and the electromagnetic waves are formed by multiple reflections. Reflected waves can be received by the microwave detector, so it will interfere with the work of the microwave detector. In other words, the electromagnetic wave emitted by the microwave detector itself will be eliminated by eliminating the interference of external signals. Multiple reflections in a narrow space produce frequency and/or phase changes, which are received by the microwave detector and form interference signals to the microwave detector, which makes the microwave detector unable to work normally. The self-excited interference phenomenon of the microwave detector.
  • the power of the microwave detector can be adjusted according to the required detection range to adjust the actual microwave coverage of the microwave detector to eliminate the self-excited interference.
  • microwave detectors usually have a fixed structure and power. If the structure or power of the microwave detector needs to be changed, it usually has higher professional requirements for the modified technicians. The process is more complicated, and on the other hand, it will cause high labor costs.
  • the application scenarios of such microwave detectors are diverse. When they are applied to different application scenarios, they may correspond to different use effects. Therefore, it is difficult to perform microwave detectors for a certain environment or a certain specific environment. Different production configurations.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive microwave detector and an adaptive method, wherein the frequency modulation method allows the microwave detector to identify the microwave interference source in the environment by adjusting the operating frequency/phase parameter at least once Therefore, the working frequency of the microwave detector is set to actively avoid the microwave interference source, so as to reduce the mutual interference between the microwave detector and the microwave interference source in the environment, thereby improving the microwave The ability of the detector to adapt to the environment.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive microwave detector and an adaptive method, wherein the microwave detector transmits a detection beam to a detection area based on the principle of the Doppler effect and receives the corresponding echo, and then the detection beam When there is a difference in the characteristic parameter between the echo and the corresponding echo, a difference signal is generated, and the difference signal is a response to the movement of the object in the detection area.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive microwave detector and an adaptive method, wherein the microwave detector is allowed to transmit the detection beam by adjusting at least one frequency/phase parameter by means of frequency modulation, and detect all Whether the difference signal produces fluctuations, so as to identify the microwave interference source in the detection area based on the fluctuation of the difference signal, and then set the working frequency/phase parameter of the microwave detector to actively avoid the microwave interference source in the subsequent , So as to reduce the interference between the microwave detector and the different microwave interference sources in various environments, thereby improving the adaptive ability of the microwave detector to the environment.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive microwave detector and an adaptive method, wherein the microwave detector is allowed to emit the detection beams of different frequencies through frequency modulation, so as to be able to be based on the detection beam and phase
  • the fluctuation of the difference signal output between the corresponding echoes identifies the microwave interference source in the detection area, and transmits the detection beam with a frequency different from the microwave interference source to the detection area
  • the mutual interference between the microwave detector and the microwave interference source is avoided. interference.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive microwave detector and an adaptive method, wherein frequency modulation is used to allow the microwave detector to adjust at least one frequency/phase parameter to reduce interference with the detection area.
  • frequency modulation is used to allow the microwave detector to adjust at least one frequency/phase parameter to reduce interference with the detection area.
  • the probability that the frequencies of the microwave interference sources are the same, thereby reducing the probability of mutual interference between the microwave detector and the microwave interference sources in the environment.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive microwave detector and an adaptive method, wherein the difference is determined when the difference signal generated between the detection beam and the corresponding echo after frequency modulation does not fluctuate
  • the signal is an interference signal, so the identification of the microwave interference source based on the difference signal is beneficial to improve the accuracy of the feedback of the difference signal to the movement of the object in the detection area.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive microwave detector and an adaptive method, wherein the difference signal and the fluctuation of the difference signal are used to feed back the electromagnetic radiation frequency points of the same frequency band in the detection area, and the The frequency parameter adjustment of the microwave detector can adopt an active evasive frequency modulation method to further improve the anti-interference performance of the microwave detector, thereby improving the adaptive ability of the microwave detector to the environment.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive microwave detector and an adaptive method, wherein when the difference signal is detected to produce fluctuations, the microwave detector is maintained to work at a frequency after frequency modulation, thereby actively avoiding the detection Mutual interference between the microwave interference source and the microwave detector in the area.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive microwave detector and an adaptive method, wherein the characteristic parameters of the microwave interference source are identified based on the fluctuation of the difference signal, so as to improve the identification of the microwave detector.
  • the accuracy of the characteristic parameters of the microwave interference source is beneficial to improve the accuracy of the frequency parameter adjustment of the microwave detector.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive microwave detector and an adaptive method, wherein the difference signal is a frequency difference signal generated according to the frequency difference between the transmitted detection beam and the corresponding echo, so as to The motion state of the object in the detection area, such as the movement or micro-motion state of the object in the detection area, is determined according to the characteristic parameters of the frequency difference signal.
  • the difference signal is a frequency difference signal generated according to the frequency difference between the transmitted detection beam and the corresponding echo, so as to The motion state of the object in the detection area, such as the movement or micro-motion state of the object in the detection area, is determined according to the characteristic parameters of the frequency difference signal.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive microwave detector and an adaptive method, wherein the difference signal is a phase difference signal generated according to the phase difference between the transmitted detection beam and the corresponding echo, so as to depend on The characteristic parameter of the phase difference signal determines the movement state of the object in the detection area, such as the movement or micro-movement state of the object in the detection area.
  • the difference signal is a phase difference signal generated according to the phase difference between the transmitted detection beam and the corresponding echo, so as to depend on
  • the characteristic parameter of the phase difference signal determines the movement state of the object in the detection area, such as the movement or micro-movement state of the object in the detection area.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive microwave detector and an adaptive method, wherein the microwave detector does not need to change the structure of the traditional microwave detector, and does not require expensive and complicated equipment, so the present invention is the microwave detector.
  • the anti-radiation interference of the detector provides an economical and effective solution.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive microwave detector and an adaptive method, wherein the antenna loop of the microwave detector is a low impedance antenna, and the bandwidth of the microwave detector is narrowed by reducing the impedance. , Which is beneficial to prevent the microwave signal received or generated by the microwave detector from being interfered by electromagnetic radiation of adjacent frequency bands.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive microwave detector and an adaptive method, wherein the frequency bandwidth of the microwave detector is narrowed, and the microwave detector is in a fixed frequency band, such as the 5.8Ghz frequency band.
  • the number of adjustable frequency points increases, which in turn helps to reduce the probability that the microwave detector adjusted by frequency modulation is interfered by electromagnetic radiation in the same frequency band, that is, it is beneficial to improve the microwave detection by adjusting the frequency parameters of the microwave detector through frequency modulation.
  • the anti-radiation interference performance of the device is provided.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive microwave detector and an adaptive method thereof, wherein the adaptive microwave detector outputs a Doppler signal based on the principle of the microwave Doppler effect, wherein the Doppler signal is based on the Doppler effect.
  • the fluctuation of the Le signal adaptively adjusts the effective detection range of the adaptive microwave detector, thereby eliminating self-excited interference by adaptively adjusting the effective detection range of the adaptive microwave detector.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive microwave detector and an adaptive method thereof, wherein the effective method of the adaptive microwave detector is reduced by reducing the sensitivity of the adaptive microwave detector. Detection distance, so as to eliminate self-excited interference by adaptively adjusting the effective detection distance of the adaptive microwave detector.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive microwave detector and an adaptive method thereof, wherein based on the fluctuation of the Doppler signal in an adaptive time period, the adaptive microwave detector is adaptively reduced.
  • the amplification factor or gain of an amplification module of the detector adaptively reduces the sensitivity of the adaptive microwave detector, and reduces the effective detection range of the adaptive microwave detector, so as to adaptively adjust the The effective detection distance of the adaptive microwave detector eliminates self-excited interference.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive microwave detector and an adaptive method thereof, wherein based on the fluctuation of the Doppler signal in an adaptive time period, the method of processing the Doppler signal is weakened. Adaptively reduce the sensitivity of the adaptive microwave detector, thereby reducing the effective detection range of the adaptive microwave detector, and then adaptively adjust the effective detection range of the adaptive microwave detector Eliminate self-excited interference.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive microwave detector and an adaptive method thereof, wherein based on the fluctuation of the Doppler signal in the adaptive time period, a level control signal is output by a control unit The Doppler signal is attenuated by adjusting the attenuation circuit, so that the Doppler signal is attenuated to a stable output.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive microwave detector and an adaptive method thereof, wherein based on the fluctuation of the Doppler signal in an adaptive time period, the adaptive microwave detector is improved by self-adaptation.
  • the action threshold of a control unit of the device adaptively reduces the effective detection range of the adaptive microwave detector, thereby eliminating the self-adjustment by adaptively adjusting the effective detection range of the adaptive microwave detector. Irritating interference.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive microwave detector and an adaptive method thereof, wherein when the Doppler signal has regular fluctuations, the Doppler signal is filtered out by means of software filtering processing .
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive microwave detector and an adaptive method thereof, wherein when the frequency of the fluctuation of the Doppler signal is fixed, it is filtered by a hardware filter circuit, a trap circuit or a software processing method. Except for the Doppler signal having the fixed frequency.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive microwave detector and an adaptive method thereof, wherein when the Doppler signal has irregular fluctuations, a background signal is output according to the fluctuation of the Doppler signal, and In a working time period, a trigger signal is output according to the difference between the fluctuation of the Doppler signal and the background signal in the working time period, and the trigger signal is the feedback of the moving object.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive microwave detector and an adaptive method thereof, wherein when the Doppler signal fluctuates during an operating period of time increases, it is adaptively reduced at the corresponding instant.
  • the amplification factor of the Doppler signal is beneficial to eliminate transient interference.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive microwave detector and an adaptive method thereof, wherein the adaptive microwave detector transmits a detection beam and receives a reflected wave and a reflection wave formed by the reflection of the detection beam.
  • the Doppler signal is output in a manner based on the difference in characteristic parameters between the reflected wave and the detection beam.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive microwave detector and an adaptive method thereof, wherein the Doppler signal is a frequency difference signal output according to the frequency difference between the detection beam and the reflected wave.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive microwave detector and an adaptive method thereof, wherein the Doppler signal is a phase difference signal output according to the phase difference between the detection beam and the reflected wave.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive microwave detector and an adaptive method thereof.
  • the method of the present invention is simple and convenient, easy to implement, and can meet the actual application requirements of the adaptive microwave detector.
  • the present invention provides an adaptive method for an adaptive microwave detector, wherein the adaptive method includes the following steps:
  • the step (c) further includes the step: (c1) when the difference signal does not fluctuate, setting the preset frequency/phase parameter to the microwave detector The operating frequency/phase parameters.
  • the adaptive method of the adaptive microwave detector further includes the step of: (d) maintaining the working frequency of the microwave detector during a working period of the microwave detector /Phase parameter.
  • the step (c) further includes the step: (c2) when the difference signal fluctuates, output a control signal, and the microwave detector adjusts the detection signal according to the control signal. Frequency/phase parameters of the beam.
  • the step (c) further includes the step: (c3) when the difference signal does not fluctuate in the step (c2), setting the adjusted frequency/phase parameter as the Operating frequency/phase parameters of microwave detectors.
  • the adaptive method of the adaptive microwave detector further includes the step of: (d) maintaining the working frequency of the microwave detector during a working period of the microwave detector /Phase parameter.
  • a control unit receives and detects the difference signal, and outputs the control signal when the difference signal fluctuates.
  • an oscillator provides an oscillation frequency
  • the control unit outputs the control signal to the oscillator to control the microwave detection
  • the device adjusts the frequency/phase parameters of the detection beam.
  • control signal is a step voltage, so that the microwave detector transmits the detection beam in a manner of adjusting frequency/phase parameters.
  • the step voltage is formed based on switching between a high level, a low level, and a high resistance state.
  • the step voltage is based on a segment voltage change from a high level to a low level.
  • control signal is an analog voltage, so that the microwave detector transmits the detection beam in a manner of adjusting frequency/phase parameters.
  • control signal is a pulse integrated voltage
  • the pulse integrated voltage is a DC voltage after pulse width adjustment and integration processing.
  • control signal is a current signal, so that the microwave detector transmits the detection beam in a manner of adjusting frequency/phase parameters.
  • a mixing detection unit is used to analyze the difference in characteristic parameters between the detection beam and the echo to output the difference signal.
  • the characteristic parameter is set as a frequency parameter, and the difference signal is generated according to the frequency difference between the detection beam and the echo Frequency difference signal.
  • the characteristic parameter is set as a phase parameter, and the difference signal is generated according to the phase difference between the detection beam and the echo Phase difference signal.
  • the present invention also provides an adaptive microwave detector, which includes:
  • An oscillator wherein the oscillator is configured to output an excitation signal in a frequency band
  • An antenna loop wherein the antenna loop is electrically connected to the oscillator to be able to be excited by the excitation signal to transmit at least one detection beam with the same frequency as the excitation signal, so as to detect the detection beam
  • a detection area is formed within the range, and the antenna loop can receive the detection beam reflected in the detection area to form an echo;
  • a mixing detection unit wherein the mixing detection unit is electrically connected to the oscillator and the antenna loop, and wherein the mixing detection unit is capable of receiving the excitation signal and the antenna loop according to the received signal
  • the echo signal generated by the echo can output a difference signal according to the difference in characteristic parameters between the excitation signal and the echo signal;
  • An amplifying module wherein the amplifying module is electrically connected to the mixing and detecting unit to amplify the difference signal;
  • control unit wherein the control unit is electrically connected to the amplifying module and the oscillator to be able to receive and detect the difference signal, wherein the control unit is set to allow the timing of an adaptive time period to be started, And during the adaptive time period, based on the fluctuation of the difference signal, output a regulating signal to the oscillator, so as to control the oscillator to adjust the frequency of the excitation signal at least once, and subsequently start a working time period , Wherein the oscillator outputs the excitation signal at the current frequency during the working time period.
  • the frequency mixing detection unit is configured to output the difference signal according to the phase parameter difference between the excitation signal and the echo signal.
  • the frequency mixing detection unit is configured to output the difference signal according to the difference in frequency parameters between the excitation signal and the echo signal.
  • the control unit includes a frequency modulation module electrically connected to the oscillator and an interference identification module communicatively connected to the frequency modulation module, wherein the interference identification module is configured
  • the frequency modulation module is set to be able to detect the fluctuation of the difference signal when the interference identification module
  • the manner of outputting the control signal to the oscillator controls the frequency modulation of the oscillator to output the excitation signal.
  • the frequency modulation module and the interference identification module are integrated.
  • control signal output by the frequency modulation module is a step voltage.
  • the step voltage is based on switching between a high level, a low level, and a high resistance state.
  • the step voltage is based on a segment voltage change from a high level to a low level.
  • control signal output by the frequency modulation module is an analog voltage.
  • control signal output by the frequency modulation module is a pulse integrated voltage, wherein the pulse integrated voltage is a DC voltage after pulse width adjustment and integration processing.
  • control signal output by the frequency modulation module is a current signal.
  • the present invention also provides an adaptive method for an adaptive microwave detector, wherein the adaptive method includes the following steps:
  • (B) Start the timing of an adaptive time period in an environment without a target moving object and adaptively adjust the adaptive microwave detector based on the fluctuation of the Doppler signal during the adaptive time period. Effective detection distance to eliminate self-excited interference.
  • the sensitivity of the adaptive microwave detector is adaptively reduced, so as to adaptively reduce the
  • the sensitivity of the adaptive microwave detector is adapted to reduce the effective detection range of the adaptive microwave detector.
  • the amplification factor or gain of an amplification module of the adaptive microwave detector is adaptively reduced , whereby adaptively reducing the sensitivity of the adaptive microwave detector.
  • an ALC control circuit or an AGC control circuit controls to reduce the amplification factor and gain of the amplification module.
  • the output of the Doppler signal is attenuated, so as to adaptively reduce the adaptive
  • the sensitivity of the microwave detector adaptively reduces the effective detection range of the adaptive microwave detector.
  • a control unit in the step (B), outputs a level control signal and attenuates the Doppler signal by adjusting the attenuation circuit, so that all The Doppler signal is attenuated to a stable output.
  • the action valve set by a control unit of the adaptive microwave detector is adaptively increased Value, thereby adaptively adjusting the response degree of the adaptive microwave detector to the Doppler signal to change the effective detection range.
  • the adaptive method of the adaptive microwave detector further includes a step: (C) when the Doppler signal has regular fluctuations, filter out by means of software filtering This fluctuation in the Doppler signal.
  • the adaptive method of the adaptive microwave detector further includes a step: (C) when the frequency of the fluctuation of the Doppler signal is fixed, pass the hardware filter circuit and the notch
  • the circuit or software processing method filters out the Doppler signal corresponding to the fixed frequency.
  • the adaptive method of the adaptive microwave detector further includes a step: (C) when the Doppler signal has irregular fluctuations, according to the Doppler signal A background signal is output fluctuatingly, and a trigger signal is output according to the difference between the fluctuation of the Doppler signal and the background signal during a working time period, and the trigger signal is a moving object feedback of.
  • the adaptive method of the adaptive microwave detector further includes a step of: (C) starting a working period of time, and when the Doppler signal instantaneous fluctuation increases , Adaptively reduce the magnification of the Doppler signal at the corresponding instant, thereby eliminating transient interference.
  • step (A) further includes the following steps:
  • (A2) Receive a reflected wave formed by the reflection of the probe beam, and output the Doppler signal based on the difference in characteristic parameters between the reflected wave and the probe beam.
  • the present invention also provides an adaptive microwave detector, which includes:
  • oscillator wherein the oscillator is configured to output an excitation signal
  • An antenna loop wherein the antenna loop is electrically connected to the oscillator, so as to be able to be excited by the excitation signal to transmit at least one probe beam with the same frequency as the excitation signal, and be able to receive the probe beam being reflected And formed a reflected wave;
  • a mixing detection module wherein the mixing detection module is electrically connected to the oscillator and the antenna loop to be able to receive the excitation signal and the reflected wave signal generated by the reflected wave, and be able to Outputting a Doppler signal according to the difference in characteristic parameters between the excitation signal and the reflected wave signal;
  • a signal processing unit wherein the signal processing unit is configured to be able to adaptively adjust the effective detection range of the adaptive microwave detector according to the fluctuation of the Doppler signal within an adaptive time period to eliminate self-excitation interference.
  • the signal processing unit includes an amplifying module electrically connected to the mixing and detecting module, and a control circuit electrically connected to the amplifying module, wherein the control circuit is configured as It can adaptively reduce the amplification factor or gain of the amplifying module, wherein when the Doppler signal output by the mixing detection module fluctuates in the adaptive time period, the control circuit adaptively reduces The amplification factor or gain of the amplification module is used to adaptively reduce the sensitivity of the adaptive microwave detector, thereby adaptively adjusting the effective detection range of the adaptive microwave detector.
  • control circuit is configured as an ALC control circuit or an AGC control circuit.
  • the signal processing unit includes an amplifying module electrically connected to the mixing and detecting module and a control unit electrically connected to the amplifying module, wherein the control unit is preset with an action Threshold, wherein when the Doppler signal output by the mixing detection module fluctuates in the adaptive time period, the control unit adaptively increases the action according to the fluctuation of the Doppler signal
  • Threshold is used to adaptively adjust the response degree of the adaptive microwave detector to the Doppler signal to change the effective detection distance.
  • the signal processing unit includes an amplifying module electrically connected to the mixing and detecting module and a control unit electrically connected to the amplifying module, wherein when in the adaptive time period When the Doppler signal output by the internal mixing detection module fluctuates, the control unit performs attenuation processing on the Doppler signal, thereby adaptively adjusting the Doppler signal of the adaptive microwave detector. Effective detection distance.
  • control unit is provided with an intermediate frequency output attenuation circuit, wherein the intermediate frequency output attenuation circuit is set to be capable of being based on the output of the mixing detection module within the adaptive time period When the Doppler signal has fluctuations, the Doppler signal is weakened.
  • the adaptive microwave detector is further provided with a filter module, wherein the filter module is used to filter out the regular output of the mixing detection module within a working period of time. Or the Doppler signal with a fixed frequency.
  • the filter module may be configured as one of a software filter, a hardware filter circuit, or a trap circuit.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram of a conventional microwave detector using the 5.8Ghz frequency band.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of frequency distribution of the conventional microwave detector using the 5.8Ghz frequency band.
  • Fig. 3 is a logical block diagram of an adaptive method of an adaptive microwave detector according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of the adaptive method of the adaptive microwave detector according to the above-mentioned preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of frequency distribution of a microwave detector using the 5.8Ghz frequency band according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic block diagram of the structure of the adaptive microwave detector according to the above-mentioned preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a flowchart of an adaptive method for an adaptive microwave detector according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a structural block diagram of the first implementation manner of the adaptive microwave detector according to the above-mentioned preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a circuit diagram of the first implementation manner of the adaptive microwave detector according to the above-mentioned preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a structural block diagram of a second implementation manner of the adaptive microwave detector according to the above-mentioned preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 11 is a structural block diagram of a third implementation manner of the adaptive microwave detector according to the above-mentioned preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 is a circuit diagram of an intermediate frequency output attenuation circuit of the third implementation of the adaptive microwave detector according to the above-mentioned preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the term “a” should be understood as “at least one” or “one or more”, that is, in one embodiment, the number of an element may be one, and in another embodiment, the number of the element The number can be more than one, and the term “one” cannot be understood as a restriction on the number.
  • installation should be interpreted broadly unless otherwise clearly specified and limited.
  • it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection.
  • Connected or integrally connected it can be mechanically connected, or electrically connected or can communicate with each other; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction of two components relationship.
  • the specific meanings of the above-mentioned terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.
  • the present invention provides an adaptive microwave detector and an adaptive method, wherein the adaptive microwave detector may be an environment-adaptive microwave detector, wherein the frequency modulation method allows the microwave detector to transmit
  • the detection beams of different frequencies and the fluctuation of the difference signal output based on the difference of the characteristic parameters between the detection beam and the corresponding echo are used to identify the microwave interference source in the detection area, so as to set all the interference sources in an active avoidance manner.
  • the working frequency of the microwave detector can reduce the probability that the frequency of the microwave detector and the microwave interference source or the frequency difference formed by the same frequency is the same frequency, thereby reducing the difference between the microwave detector and the microwave interference source.
  • the probability of mutual interference is beneficial to improve the adaptability of the microwave detector to different environments.
  • the present invention controls and adjusts the oscillation frequency of the microwave detector by means of multi-state combination judgment, which is beneficial to improve the anti-interference ability of the microwave detector, so as to further improve the autonomy of the microwave detector in different environments. adaptability.
  • the adaptive method of the adaptive microwave detector of the present invention includes the following steps:
  • the microwave detector of the present invention is based on the principle of microwave Doppler effect to detect whether there is movement of an object in the detection area, in the step (c), when the detection beam When the characteristic parameters between the echoes are the same, that is, when there is no fluctuation in the difference signal, it corresponds to the motion of no object in the detection area, and there is no electromagnetic wave interference with the same characteristic parameter emitted by other radio equipment. That is, when the characteristic parameters between the detection beam and the echo are the same, there is no microwave interference source in the corresponding detection area.
  • the preset frequency/phase parameter is set as the working frequency/phase of the microwave detector Parameter, and when there is an object moving in the detection area, the microwave detector can receive an accurate movement trigger signal by emitting the detection beam with the preset frequency, then the microwave detector can be normal To work without interference.
  • step (c) further includes a step: (c1) when the difference signal does not fluctuate, setting the preset frequency/limit parameter to the working frequency/phase of the microwave detector parameter.
  • the microwave interference source may include radio equipment interference and mechanical interference. Since the present invention is based on the Doppler effect principle to detect the movement of objects in the detection area, when the detection beam and the return When the characteristic parameters between the waves are the same, it can be considered that there is neither interference from other radio equipment nor other mechanical interference in the detection area.
  • the characteristic parameter of the step (c) can be set as a frequency parameter, and the difference signal is generated according to the frequency difference between the detection beam and the echo. Therefore, it can be understood that when the frequency parameter between the detection beam and the echo in the step (c) is the same, the preset frequency/phase parameter can be set as the The working frequency/phase parameter of the microwave detector transmits the detection beam with the preset frequency/phase parameter.
  • the characteristic parameter in the step (c) may also be set as a phase parameter, and the difference signal is based on the detection beam and the echo Therefore, it can be understood that when the phase parameter between the detection beam and the echo in the step (c) is the same, the preset frequency/ The phase parameter is the working frequency/phase parameter of the microwave detector and the detection beam having the preset frequency/phase parameter is emitted, which is not limited in the present invention.
  • the present invention outputs the difference signal through the difference in frequency parameter or phase parameter between the transmitted detection beam and the echo, and feeds back the microwave interference source by analyzing the difference signal The presence or absence, so that the microwave detector actively evades the microwave interference source and emits the detection beam.
  • the change of the frequency parameter of the detection beam simultaneously corresponds to the change of the phase parameter, so the frequency modulation of the detection beam in the present invention corresponds to the adjustment of the frequency/phase parameter of the detection beam.
  • step (c) when there is a difference in the characteristic parameters between the detection beam and the echo, that is, when the difference signal fluctuates, a control signal is output, and the The microwave detector adjusts the frequency/phase parameter of the detection beam according to the control signal, and sets the working frequency/phase parameter of the microwave detector by outputting the control signal at least once, so as to be based on the detection beam and The fluctuation of the difference signal output by the corresponding echo identifies and avoids the microwave interference source in the detection area.
  • step (c) further includes a step: (c2) when the difference signal fluctuates, output at least one of the control signal, and the microwave detector adjusts the detection beam according to the control signal The frequency/phase parameters.
  • the regulation signal can be, but is not limited to, a step voltage, wherein the step voltage is formed based on switching between a high level, a low level, and a high resistance state.
  • the step voltage may also be based on a segmented voltage change from a high level to a low voltage.
  • control signal may also be an analog voltage, so that the microwave detector transmits the detection beam in a dynamic frequency manner within the frequency band.
  • control signal is a pulse integrated voltage
  • the pulse integrated voltage is a DC voltage after pulse width adjustment and integration processing.
  • control signal is a current signal, so that the microwave detector transmits the detection beam in a manner of adjusting frequency/phase parameters.
  • the present invention can control and adjust the oscillation frequency of the microwave detector through the combination of the step voltage, the analog voltage, the pulse integrated voltage, etc., the current signal, etc., which is beneficial to improve
  • the anti-interference ability of the microwave detector can further improve the adaptive ability of the microwave detector to different environments.
  • the microwave detector exists based on the difference signal.
  • Fluctuation sets the operating frequency/phase parameters of the microwave detector in a manner of outputting the control signal at least once to obtain the fluctuation of the difference signal output by the detection beam and the corresponding echo after frequency modulation, and It is further determined whether the microwave interference source exists in the microwave detection area based on the fluctuation of the difference signal, and then it is determined whether the difference signal is a real trigger signal.
  • the microwave interference is present in the corresponding detection area Source, it can be determined that there are other radio equipment of the same frequency band in the detection area, and then the difference signal is an interference signal, then repeat the step (c) to output the control signal at least once to set the microwave detection
  • the working frequency/phase parameters of the detector to avoid the same frequency of the microwave detector and the microwave interference source; when the characteristic parameters between the detected beam and the corresponding echo are determined after frequency modulation
  • the difference signal is a real trigger signal. Therefore, the adjusted frequency/phase parameters can be set to all
  • the working frequency of the microwave detector is to avoid the same frequency of the microwave detector and the microwave interference source, thereby improving the anti-interference ability of the microwave detector and improving the adaptive ability of the microwave detector to the environment.
  • the step (c) further includes a step: (c3) when the difference signal does not fluctuate in the step (c2), setting the adjusted frequency/phase parameter to the microwave detector Operating frequency/phase parameters.
  • the adaptive method of the adaptive microwave detector of the present invention further includes the step of: (d) maintaining the working frequency/phase of the microwave detector during a working period of the microwave detector parameter.
  • the difference signal does not fluctuate in the step (c1) and the step (c3), that is, when the microwave interference source does not exist in the detection area, the The working frequency/phase parameter of the microwave detector, so that the microwave detector can work without interference during its working time period.
  • the working time period of the microwave detector is timed after the adaptive time period of the microwave detector.
  • the microwave detector analyzes the difference in characteristic parameters between the detection beam and the echo by a mixing detection unit to output the difference signal
  • a control unit receives and detects the difference signal, thereby outputting the control signal according to the fluctuation of the difference signal, and then the microwave detector according to the control signal Adjust the frequency/phase parameters of the detection beam.
  • the frequency mixing detection unit may output the difference signal by analyzing the difference in frequency parameters between the detection beam and the echo, or may analyze the difference between the detection beam and the echo.
  • the difference between the phase parameters is used to output the difference signal, which is not limited in the present invention.
  • an oscillator provides an oscillation frequency
  • the microwave detector is controlled to adjust the detection beam in a manner that the control unit outputs the control signal to the oscillator The frequency/phase parameters.
  • the step (c) can be based on the existing automatic frequency control circuit (AFC), phase-locked loop ( PLL), direct digital frequency synthesizer (DDS), any circuit module and combination generate different operating frequency points to adjust the frequency of the detection beam, or input a frequency-variable control voltage/current to the oscillator
  • AFC automatic frequency control circuit
  • PLL phase-locked loop
  • DDS direct digital frequency synthesizer
  • any circuit module and combination generate different operating frequency points to adjust the frequency of the detection beam, or input a frequency-variable control voltage/current to the oscillator
  • the feedback adjustment method changes the output frequency of the oscillator to adjust the frequency/phase parameters of the detection beam, which is not limited in the present invention.
  • the mixing detection unit when there is a difference in the characteristic parameters between the detection beam and the echo, the mixing detection unit outputs the difference signal, and in the step ( In c), the control unit receives the difference signal and outputs the control signal, so that the microwave detector adjusts the detection beam in a manner that the control unit outputs the control signal to the oscillator.
  • the frequency/phase parameter is to adjust the working frequency/phase parameter of the microwave detector.
  • the transmission speed of the detection beam is based on the speed of light, the transmission action of the detection beam in the step (a), the corresponding reception action of the echo in the step (b), and the The step of analyzing the characteristic parameters between the detection beam and the echo, and the step of setting the working frequency/phase parameter of the microwave detector according to the difference signal in the step (c) can be within a certain period of time It is considered to be performed simultaneously, that is, the step (b) and the step (c) are performed at the same time as the step (a) is performed. In some embodiments of the present invention, the step (b) ) May also not be executed during the period of adjusting the frequency of the detection beam in the step (c).
  • the description of the adaptive method of the adaptive microwave detector in the present invention does not constitute an explanation.
  • the restriction of the order of the step (a), the step (b) and the step (c) includes the steps of the step (a), the step (b) and the step (c). It is regarded as the adaptive method of the adaptive microwave detector of the present invention.
  • the transmission in step (a) The time from the moment when the detection beam is emitted to when it is reflected to form the corresponding echo and received is much less than the time consumed during the period of adjusting the frequency/phase parameter of the detection fluctuation in the step (c), Then, at the moment when the detection beam transmitted in the step (a) is transmitted to be reflected to form the corresponding echo and received, the frequency of the detection beam transmitted in the step (a) is allowed to be It is considered that there is no change, that is, adjusting the frequency/phase parameters of the detection beam in a frequency modulation manner in the step (c) is difficult to cause interference to the difference signal output in the step (b), so that the difference signal can be maintained.
  • the accuracy of the feedback of the difference signal to the motion of the object in the detection area is much lower than the transmission rate of electromagnetic waves based on the speed of light.
  • the microwave interference source in the detection area is identified by the fluctuation of the difference signal, and the working frequency of the microwave detector is adjusted by frequency modulation, so as to be able to actively Avoid the interference of the microwave interference source on the microwave detector, thereby improving the adaptive ability of the microwave detector to the detection area.
  • the frequency distribution of a microwave detector using the 5.8Ghz frequency band according to the present invention is clarified.
  • the adjustable frequency points of the detection beam of the microwave detector are increased, that is to say, the frequency of the detection beam of the microwave detector can be adjusted by means of frequency modulation, which can increase the frequency of the detection beam of the microwave detector.
  • the adjustable frequency point of the detection beam of the microwave detector can narrow the frequency bandwidth of the microwave detector, which is beneficial to improve the anti-radiation interference of the microwave detector by adjusting the frequency parameters of the microwave detector by frequency modulation performance.
  • the microwave detector in the step (c), when there is a difference in the characteristic parameters between the detection beam and the echo, the difference signal is output and the The microwave detector emits the detection beam in a manner of dynamically adjusting the preset frequency/phase parameter. That is to say, when it is detected that there may be object movement or the microwave interference source in the detection area, the microwave detector can also be controlled to emit the detection beam in a dynamic frequency modulation manner, which is not limited by the present invention.
  • the present invention also provides an adaptive microwave detector.
  • the adaptive microwave detector includes an oscillator 20, an antenna loop 10, a mixing detection unit 30, and a Amplifying module 40 and a control unit 50, wherein the oscillator 20 is configured to output an excitation signal in a frequency band, and the antenna loop 10 is electrically connected to the oscillator 20 so as to be excited by the The signal is excited to transmit at least one detection beam with the same frequency as the excitation signal, thereby forming a detection area within the detection range of the detection beam, and the antenna loop 10 can receive the detection beam in the detection area Is reflected to form an echo, wherein the mixing detection unit 30 is electrically connected to the oscillator 20 and the antenna loop 10, wherein the mixing detection unit 30 can receive the excitation signal and the antenna
  • the loop 10 generates an echo signal according to the received echo, and can output a difference signal according to the characteristic parameter difference between the excitation signal and the echo signal, wherein the amplifying module 40 is electrically The mixing and detecting unit 30 is connected
  • the mixing and detecting unit 30 is configured to output the difference signal according to the phase parameter difference between the excitation signal and the echo signal, and the mixing and detecting unit 30 may also be It is set to be able to output the difference signal according to the difference in frequency parameters between the excitation signal and the echo signal, that is, the difference signal can be a phase difference signal or a frequency difference signal. This is not limited.
  • control unit 50 when the control unit 50 receives the difference signal, the control unit 50 analyzes the difference signal and outputs a regulating signal to the oscillator 20 according to the fluctuation of the difference signal, thereby controlling the oscillation
  • the device 20 outputs the excitation signal in a manner of adjusting at least one frequency.
  • control unit 50 includes a frequency modulation module 51 electrically connected to the oscillator 20, wherein the frequency modulation module 51 is configured to output the The manner of adjusting the signal to the oscillator 20 controls the frequency of the oscillator 20 to output the excitation signal.
  • control unit 50 further includes an interference identification module 52 communicatively connected to the frequency modulation module 51, wherein the interference identification module 52 is configured to be able to detect the difference signal and based on the difference signal The fluctuation identifies the microwave interference source in the detection area, wherein when the interference identification module 52 detects that the difference signal produces fluctuations, that is, when there is a microwave interference source in the detection area, the frequency modulation module 51 outputs the The control signal is sent to the oscillator 20 to control the oscillator 20 to adjust the frequency of the excitation signal, thereby adjusting the frequency of the detection beam emitted by the antenna loop 10.
  • the interference identification module 52 is configured to be able to detect the difference signal and based on the difference signal The fluctuation identifies the microwave interference source in the detection area, wherein when the interference identification module 52 detects that the difference signal produces fluctuations, that is, when there is a microwave interference source in the detection area, the frequency modulation module 51 outputs the The control signal is sent to the oscillator 20 to control the oscillator 20 to adjust the
  • control signal output by the frequency modulation module 51 may be, but is not limited to, an electrical signal such as a voltage signal and a current signal, which is not limited in the present invention.
  • the interference identification module 52 identifies whether there is the microwave interference source in the detection area based on whether the difference signal fluctuates, specifically, when the interference identification module 52 detects that the difference signal does not fluctuate , It is recognized that the microwave interference source does not exist in the detection area, the difference signal is judged to be a real trigger signal, and the oscillator 20 is maintained to output the excitation signal with a fixed characteristic parameter, thereby maintaining the antenna loop 10 Transmit the detection beam at a fixed frequency; when the interference recognition module 52 detects that the difference signal fluctuates, it recognizes that the microwave interference source exists in the detection area, and then determines that the difference signal is an interference signal.
  • the frequency modulation module 51 outputs the control signal to the oscillator 20 to control the oscillator 20 to adjust the frequency of the excitation signal, thereby adjusting the frequency of the detection beam emitted by the antenna loop 10, thereby
  • the microwave detector emits the detection beam in a manner of actively avoiding the microwave interference source, so as to be able to avoid mutual interference between the microwave detector and the microwave interference source.
  • control unit 50 may be, but not limited to, an MCU, DSP, FPGA, and an external high-precision ADC integrated chip .
  • control signal output by the frequency modulation module 51 is a step voltage, that is, the frequency modulation module 51 outputs the control signal to the oscillator by outputting a step voltage. 20, so as to control the excitation signal to be tuned in a stepped manner, wherein when the frequency modulation module 51 controls the frequency of the detection beam emitted by the antenna loop 10 to be tuned in a stepped manner by outputting a stepped voltage pair At this time, the control unit 50, the antenna loop 10 and the oscillator 20 can form a closed loop control loop.
  • the step voltage can be based on switching between high level, low level and high resistance state, or can be based on a segmented voltage change from high level to low level, which is not limited by the present invention .
  • the control signal output by the frequency modulation module 51 is an analog voltage, that is, the frequency modulation module 51 controls the oscillation by outputting an analog voltage to the oscillator 20
  • the characteristic parameters of the excitation signal output by the device 20 change, and the detection beam emitted by the oscillator 20 to excite the antenna loop 10 also changes in the same manner. Therefore, it can be further understood that the frequency modulation module 51 can allow the antenna loop 10 to output the detection beams of different frequencies by outputting an analog voltage.
  • the control signal output by the frequency modulation module 51 is a pulse integrated voltage, that is, the frequency modulation module 51 controls all the signals by outputting a pulse integrated voltage to the oscillator 20.
  • the characteristic parameters of the excitation signal output by the oscillator 20 change, and the detection beam emitted by the oscillator 20 to excite the antenna loop 10 also changes in the same manner.
  • the pulse integral voltage is a direct current voltage after pulse width adjustment and integral processing.
  • the control signal output by the frequency modulation module 51 is a current signal, wherein when the interference identification module 52 detects that the difference signal fluctuates, the frequency modulation module 51 outputs the The way of sending the current signal to the oscillator 20 controls the oscillator 20 to frequency-modulate and output the excitation signal.
  • the amplifying module 40 can be set independently of the control unit 50, or can be integrated into the control unit 50, which is not limited in the present invention.
  • the antenna loop 10 includes an antenna transmitting loop 11 and an antenna receiving loop 12, wherein the antenna transmitting loop 11 is used for transmitting the detection beam, and the receiving loop is used for receiving The echo formed by the detection beam being emitted in the detection area.
  • the antenna transmitting loop 11 and the antenna receiving loop 12 may be set as two different modules or may be set as an integrated integration, which is not limited in the present invention.
  • the oscillator 20 may be configured as a frequency modulation oscillator 20, wherein when the control unit 50 receives the difference signal, the control unit 50 outputs a frequency modulation oscillator.
  • the control signal is sent to the oscillator 20 to control the frequency hopping oscillator 20 to adjust the frequency of the excitation signal in the frequency band.
  • the oscillator 20 is set to provide a basic narrow-frequency oscillation frequency with a crystal oscillator or a standard frequency source, so as to allow the oscillator 20 to output frequency modulation at different frequency multiplication stages of the narrow-frequency oscillation frequency.
  • the excitation signal is set to provide a basic narrow-frequency oscillation frequency with a crystal oscillator or a standard frequency source, so as to allow the oscillator 20 to output frequency modulation at different frequency multiplication stages of the narrow-frequency oscillation frequency.
  • the oscillator 20 includes an automatic frequency control circuit (AFC), a phase locked loop (PLL), a direct digital frequency synthesizer (DDS), a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO), a frequency divider, and a frequency multiplier Any one of the circuit modules and combinations thereof is to frequency-modulate and output the excitation signal at frequencies of different multiplication stages generated based on the narrow-frequency oscillation frequency provided by the crystal oscillator or the standard frequency source.
  • AFC automatic frequency control circuit
  • PLL phase locked loop
  • DDS direct digital frequency synthesizer
  • VCO voltage controlled oscillator
  • a frequency divider a frequency multiplier
  • an adaptive method for an adaptive microwave detector includes the following steps:
  • (B) Start the timing of an adaptive time period in an environment without a target moving object and adaptively adjust the adaptive microwave detector based on the fluctuation of the Doppler signal during the adaptive time period. Effective detection distance to eliminate self-excited interference.
  • the adaptive microwave detector may be a self-excited adaptive microwave detector.
  • the actual detection range of a microwave detector is related to the power of the electromagnetic wave it emits.
  • the actual detection range formed by the electromagnetic wave emitted by the microwave detector is fixed, that is, the electromagnetic wave is within its actual detection range.
  • the reflected reflected wave can be received by the microwave detector, including the reflected wave formed by the electromagnetic wave reflected by the action of a living body in the actual detection range and the reflected wave formed by the reflection of the electromagnetic wave in a narrow space, that is, In other words, whether the microwave detector receives the reflected wave formed by the action of a living body or the reflected wave formed by the self-excitation phenomenon of the microwave detector, it will output a Doppler signal, which will cause the microwave detector to be affected by The self-excited interference cannot work normally.
  • the present invention adaptively reduces the effective detection range of the adaptive microwave detector by adaptively reducing the sensitivity of the adaptive microwave detector, that is, The effective data range of the adaptive microwave detector is adaptively reduced, so as to eliminate self-excited interference by adaptively adjusting the effective detection range of the adaptive microwave detector.
  • step (A) further includes the following steps:
  • (A2) Receive a reflected wave formed by the reflection of the probe beam, and output the Doppler signal based on the difference in characteristic parameters between the reflected wave and the probe beam.
  • the detection beam emitted by the adaptive microwave detector is based on the speed of light, and the range that the detection beam can detect forms a detection area, and the detection area corresponds to the adaptive microwave detector.
  • the actual detection range of the microwave detector corresponds to the actual detection range of the adaptive microwave detector
  • the effective detection range of the adaptive microwave detector is the effective data range of the adaptive microwave detector, That is, the effective data range capable of responding to the Doppler signal generated by the target moving object.
  • the detection beam can diverge and attenuate in the detection area, and when the detection area is a narrow space, especially a confined space with glass or metal
  • the detection beam is reflected multiple times in the narrow space, the detection beam is reflected in the narrow space, and the corresponding reflected wave frequency and/or phase parameters are different.
  • the adaptive microwave detector Based on the difference between the frequency and/or phase parameters of the detection beam and the corresponding reflected wave, the adaptive microwave detector will all output the Doppler signal. Since the adaptive time period starts timing in an environment where there is no target moving object, it can be considered that there is no target moving object in the adaptive time period.
  • the effective detection range of the adaptive microwave detector is adjusted adaptively based on the fluctuation of the Doppler signal to eliminate self-excited interference.
  • the Doppler signal may be a frequency difference signal output based on the frequency difference between the probe beam and the corresponding reflected wave, or may be a frequency difference signal output based on the probe beam and the corresponding reflected wave.
  • the present invention does not limit the phase difference signal output by the phase difference between the two.
  • the target moving object in the application scenario of detecting human activity indoors, the target moving object is an active human body; while in the application scenario of detecting vehicle activity on the highway, so The target movable object is a moving vehicle, so the target movable object cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention.
  • the present invention reduces the sensitivity of the adaptive microwave detector by reducing the sensitivity of the adaptive microwave detector.
  • the effective detection range of the microwave detector specifically, in the step (B), when the Doppler signal fluctuates, the sensitivity of the adaptive microwave detector is adaptively reduced, so as to adaptively reduce
  • the sensitivity of the adaptive microwave detector is adapted to reduce the effective detection range of the adaptive microwave detector.
  • the amplification factor or gain of an amplification module of the adaptive microwave detector is adaptively reduced, thereby adaptively reducing the The sensitivity of the adaptive microwave detector is described.
  • the present invention can control to reduce the amplification factor and gain of the amplification module based on the fluctuation of the Doppler signal through an ALC control circuit or an AGC control circuit, thereby reducing The sensitivity of the adaptive microwave detector.
  • the ALC control circuit is an automatic level control circuit, which controls the output of the amplifying module by feedback control of the intensity of the amplified Doppler signal output by the amplifying module
  • the level of the amplified Doppler signal can reduce the sensitivity of the adaptive microwave detector by reducing the gain of the amplifying module.
  • the AGC control circuit is an automatic gain control circuit, wherein the AGC control circuit adaptively reduces the gain of the amplifying module based on the intensity of the Doppler signal to reduce the sensitivity of the adaptive microwave detector.
  • the amplified Doppler signal output by the amplification module will not be affected by the adaptive Microwave detector identification, that is, by reducing the sensitivity of the adaptive microwave detector, the effective detection range of the adaptive microwave detector can be reduced, that is, the adaptive microwave can be reduced.
  • the effective data range of the detector so that the Doppler signal generated by the self-excitation phenomenon of the adaptive microwave detector is excluded from the effective data range of the adaptive microwave detector, so that the self-excitation
  • the adaptive microwave detector can work without self-excited interference.
  • this embodiment of the present invention further includes a step: (C) start the timing of a working period, and when the Doppler signal instantaneous fluctuation increases, in the corresponding Instantly adaptively reduce the amplification factor of the Doppler signal, thereby eliminating transient interference.
  • the ALC control circuit or the AGC control circuit can be used to adaptively reduce the sensitivity of the adaptive microwave detector based on the instantaneous fluctuation of the Doppler signal, so as to reduce the sensitivity of the adaptive microwave detector at the corresponding instant.
  • the effective detection distance of the adaptive microwave detector is reduced, so as to eliminate the transient interference signal.
  • the present invention reduces the adaptive microwave detector by increasing the operating threshold of the adaptive microwave detector.
  • the effective detection range of the detector specifically, in the step (B), when the Doppler signal fluctuates, the action set by a control unit of the adaptive microwave detector is adaptively increased Threshold value, thereby adaptively adjusting the response degree of the adaptive microwave detector to the Doppler signal to change the effective detection distance.
  • the control unit processes the amplified Doppler signal output by the amplifying module according to the action threshold, that is, the effective data range of the adaptive microwave detector is determined by the action threshold.
  • the action threshold that is, the effective data range of the adaptive microwave detector is determined by the action threshold.
  • the amplified Doppler signal is excluded from the effective data range of the control unit, that is to say , Only when the intensity of the amplified Doppler signal is greater than the action threshold, the amplified Doppler signal can be attributed to the effective data range of the control unit, and the adaptive The adaptive microwave detector responds to the Doppler signal within the effective data range, that is, when the adaptive microwave detector outputs the Doppler signal within the adaptive time period and When the Doppler signal fluctuates, it can be considered that the Doppler signal is the self-excited interference signal in the detection area.
  • the action threshold set by the control unit can be increased.
  • reduce the effective detection distance of the adaptive microwave detector that is, correspondingly reduce the effective data range of the adaptive microwave detector, so that the Doppler output by self-excited interference can be actively eliminated Restrict the signal to eliminate self-excited interference.
  • the present invention reduces the sensitivity of the adaptive microwave detector by reducing the sensitivity of the adaptive microwave detector.
  • the effective detection distance of the microwave detector specifically, in the step (B), when the Doppler signal fluctuates, the output of the Doppler signal is attenuated, so as to adaptively reduce the self
  • the sensitivity of the adaptive microwave detector is adapted to reduce the effective detection distance of the adaptive microwave detector.
  • the Doppler signal is The self-excited interference signal in the detection area, therefore, in this embodiment of the present invention, the Doppler signal is adaptively reduced by attenuating the Doppler signal before the Doppler signal is amplified. Therefore, the self-excited interference can be eliminated in a manner of adaptively reducing the effective detection distance of the adaptive microwave detector.
  • a control unit in the step (B), outputs a level control signal and attenuates the Doppler signal by adjusting the attenuation circuit Processing, so that the Doppler signal is attenuated to a stable output.
  • control unit attenuates the Doppler signal through an intermediate frequency output attenuation circuit.
  • the intermediate frequency output attenuation circuit is shown in FIG. After the Doppler signal attenuation processing, the intensity of the Doppler signal can be reduced, so that the Doppler signal is excluded from the effective data range of the adaptive microwave detector, thereby Eliminate self-excited interference.
  • the intermediate frequency output attenuation circuit may perform attenuation processing on the Doppler signal before the amplification module amplifies the Doppler signal, or may amplify the Doppler signal in the amplification module After the signal is processed, the amplified Doppler signal is processed, which is not limited in the present invention.
  • the Doppler signal when the Doppler signal has regular fluctuations, the Doppler signal can be filtered out by means of software filtering. This fluctuation in the Doppler signal.
  • the present invention can filter out the Doppler signal through software filtering to eliminate self-excited interference when the adaptive time period is based on the regular fluctuation of the Doppler signal.
  • the fluctuations in the Doppler signal are filtered out by means of software filtering processing to exclude other radio equipment or mechanical equipment in the detection area Interference, the present invention does not limit this.
  • it further includes a step: (C) when the frequency of the fluctuation of the Doppler signal is fixed, processing by hardware filter circuit, trap circuit or software Way to filter out the Doppler signal corresponding to the fixed frequency.
  • the present invention can filter out the fixed frequency by means of hardware filter circuit, notch circuit or software processing when the adaptive time period is fixed based on the frequency of the fluctuation of the Doppler signal.
  • the Doppler signal is used to eliminate self-excited interference, and the frequency corresponding to the fixed frequency can also be filtered out by means of hardware filter circuit, notch circuit or software processing when the frequency of the fluctuation of the Doppler signal is fixed during the working period.
  • the Doppler signal is used to exclude interference from other radio equipment or mechanical equipment in the detection area, which is not limited by the present invention.
  • it further includes a step: (C) when the Doppler signal has irregular fluctuations, outputting a signal according to the fluctuation of the Doppler signal A background signal, and during a working time period, a trigger signal is output according to the difference between the fluctuation of the Doppler signal in the working time period and the background signal, then the trigger signal is a feedback of the existence of object activity .
  • the Doppler signal when the Doppler signal has irregular fluctuations in the adaptive time period, the Doppler signal can be regarded as an interference signal in the detection area, and the Doppler signal can be regarded as an interference signal in the detection area.
  • the interference signal outputs a background signal, so that when the output Doppler signal is different from the background signal during the working period, it can be considered that the Doppler signal corresponds to the presence in the detection area Object activity, therefore, the real trigger signal can be output based on the difference between the Doppler signal and the background signal, and the trigger signal is a feedback of the existence of the object activity.
  • the Doppler signal when the Doppler signal output during the working time period is the same as the background signal, the Doppler signal can be considered as the interference signal in the detection area.
  • the present invention also provides an adaptive microwave detector in another aspect, wherein the adaptive microwave detector includes an oscillator 910, an antenna loop 920, and a mixed frequency detector.
  • Module 930 and a signal processing unit 940 wherein the oscillator 910 is configured to output an excitation signal; wherein the antenna loop 920 is electrically connected to the oscillator 910 so as to be excited by the excitation signal to transmit At least one detection beam with the same frequency as the excitation signal and capable of receiving a reflected wave formed by the reflection of the detection beam; wherein the mixing detection module 930 is electrically connected to the oscillator 910 and the
  • the antenna loop 920 can receive the excitation signal and the reflected wave signal generated according to the reflected wave, and can output a Doppler signal according to the difference in characteristic parameters between the excitation signal and the reflected wave signal;
  • the signal processing unit 940 is configured to be able to adaptively adjust the effective detection range of the adaptive microwave detector according to the fluctuation of the Doppler signal within an adaptive time period to
  • the reflected wave can be received by the antenna loop 920, Moreover, there will be differences in the characteristic parameters between the reflected wave and the probe beam whether formed by the motion of the object reflecting the probe beam or by the probe beam reflecting in a narrow space.
  • the mixing detection module 930 will output the Doppler signal corresponding to the difference in the characteristic parameters between the reflected wave and the detection beam. Therefore, the signal processing unit 940 adaptively reduces the adaptive microwave
  • the effective detection range of the detector that is, the method of adaptively reducing the effective data range of the adaptive microwave detector, can actively exclude the detection beam formed by the reflection of the detection beam in the narrow space.
  • the Doppler signal output by the characteristic difference between the reflected wave and the detection beam actively eliminates self-excited interference.
  • the Doppler signal of the present invention may be a frequency difference signal output based on the frequency difference between the detection beam and the corresponding reflected wave, or may be based on the detection beam and the corresponding
  • the phase difference signal output by the phase difference between the reflected waves is not limited by the present invention.
  • the signal processing unit 940 includes An amplification module 941 of the frequency mixing detection module 930 and a control circuit 943 electrically connected to the amplification module 941, wherein the control circuit 943 is configured to adaptively reduce the amplification factor or gain of the amplification module 941
  • the control circuit 943 adaptively reduces the amplification factor or gain of the amplification module 941
  • the sensitivity of the adaptive microwave detector is adaptively reduced, thereby adaptively adjusting the effective detection distance of the adaptive microwave detector.
  • control circuit 943 can be configured as an ALC control circuit or an AGC control circuit, which is not limited in the present invention.
  • the ALC control circuit is an automatic level control circuit, which controls the output of the amplification module 941 by feedback control of the intensity of the amplified Doppler signal output by the amplification module 941
  • the level of the amplified Doppler signal can reduce the sensitivity of the adaptive microwave detector by reducing the gain of the amplifying module 941.
  • the AGC control circuit is an automatic gain control circuit, wherein the AGC control circuit adaptively reduces the gain of the amplifying module 941 based on the intensity of the Doppler signal to reduce the sensitivity of the adaptive microwave detector .
  • the ALC control circuit or the AGC control circuit can adaptively reduce the The sensitivity of the amplification module 941 is used to eliminate transient interference in the detection area.
  • the signal processing unit 940A includes the signal processing unit 940A that is electrically connected to the An amplifying module 941A of the frequency mixing detection module 930 and a control unit 942A electrically connected to the amplifying module 941A, wherein the control unit 942A is preset with an action threshold, wherein the When the Doppler signal output by the mixing detection module 930 fluctuates, the control unit 942A adaptively increases the action threshold according to the fluctuation of the Doppler signal to adaptively adjust the adaptive The response degree of the microwave detector to the Doppler signal changes the effective detection distance.
  • control unit 942A processes the amplified Doppler signal output by the amplifying module 941A according to the action threshold, that is, the effective data range of the adaptive microwave detector is determined by the action valve Specifically, when the intensity of the amplified Doppler signal is less than the action threshold, the amplified Doppler signal is excluded from the effective data range of the control unit, and also That is, only when the intensity of the amplified Doppler signal is greater than the action threshold, the amplified Doppler signal can be attributed to the effective data range of the control unit.
  • the action threshold that is, the effective data range of the adaptive microwave detector is determined by the action valve
  • the adaptive microwave detector When the adaptive microwave detector outputs the Doppler signal during the adaptive time period and the Doppler signal fluctuates, it can be considered that the Doppler signal is the detection area Therefore, by increasing the action threshold set by the control unit 942A, the effective detection range of the adaptive microwave detector can be reduced accordingly, that is, the self-excited interference signal can be reduced accordingly.
  • the effective data range of the adaptive microwave detector can actively eliminate the Doppler signal output by the self-excited interference to eliminate the self-excited interference.
  • the signal processing unit 940B includes electrical An amplifying module 941B connected to the mixing and detecting module 930 and a control unit 942B electrically connected to the amplifying module 941B, wherein when all the output from the mixing and detecting module 930 is in the adaptive time period When the Doppler signal fluctuates, the control unit 942B performs attenuation processing on the Doppler signal, thereby adaptively reducing the sensitivity of the adaptive microwave detector.
  • control unit 942B is provided with an intermediate frequency output attenuation circuit 944B, wherein the intermediate frequency output attenuation circuit 944B is configured to be able to be based on the output of the mixing detection module 930 within the adaptive time period.
  • the Doppler signal has fluctuations, the Doppler signal is weakened.
  • the intermediate frequency output attenuation circuit 944B may perform attenuation processing on the Doppler signal output by the mixing detection module 930, and may also perform amplifying processing on the Doppler signal after the amplification module 941B.
  • the Puller signal undergoes attenuation processing, which is not limited in the present invention.
  • the intermediate frequency output attenuation circuit 944B is shown in FIG. 12, and it can be understood that the intermediate frequency output attenuation circuit 944B can reduce the intensity of the Doppler signal after attenuating the Doppler signal.
  • the Doppler signal is excluded from the effective data range of the adaptive microwave detector.
  • the signal processing unit 940 is provided with a filtering module, wherein the filtering module is used to filter out the frequency mixing detection module 930 within a working period of time.
  • the output Doppler signal is regular or has a fixed frequency.
  • the filter module can be configured as one of a software filter, a hardware filter circuit, or a trap circuit.

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Abstract

一种自适应式微波探测器及其自适应方法，通过调频的方式，允许微波探测器能够发射不同频率/相位参数的检测波束并基于检测波束和对应的回波之间的特征参数的差异所输出的差异信号的波动来识别探测区域内的微波干扰源，从而以主动规避的方式来设定微波探测器的工作频率/相位参数，以能够降低微波探测器与微波干扰源的频率或形成的倍率差频同频的概率，进而减小微波探测器与微波干扰源之间相互干扰的概率，有利于提高微波探测器对不同环境的自适应能力。

Description

自适应式微波探测器和自适应方法 技术领域
本发明涉及微波探测领域，尤其涉及一自适应式微波探测器和自适应方法。
背景技术
在现代社会中，无线电技术中的微波探测技术，尤其是基于多普勒效应原理的微波探测技术，被广泛地应用于各个领域，已经成为了人们生活中非常重要的组成部分。由于微波探测器的应用场景非常之广泛，微波探测器面临着不同应用场景中的不同干扰源的干扰。例如，其他无线电设备的干扰。目前国际上在微波探测领域中开放有2.4Ghz、5.8Ghz、10.525Ghz、24.125Gh等无需授权许可的频段，相应的微波探测器在使用这些频段时可以通过遵守一定的发射功率(一般发射功率低于1W)来减小对其他无线电设备的干扰，虽然不同频段的定义和许可能够规范无线电的使用频段而减小不同频段的无线电设备之间相互干扰的概率，然而在有限的频段资源许可下，随着相邻频段或相同频段的无线电使用覆盖率的提升，相邻或相同频段的无线电之间相互干扰的问题却日益严重，也就是说，当微波探测器被应用于存在其他相邻或相同频段的无线电设备的环境时，微波探测器不可避免地会受到相邻频段或同频段的无线电设备的干扰。
基于微波多普勒效应原理的微波探测器基于信号源相对于观测点做运动时所观测到的信号频率的变化来判断检测区域中是否存在运动或动作，因此基于微波多普勒效应原理的微波探测器仅能够判断是否存在运动或者动作而无法识别这些运动或者动作的动作源。由此当所述微波探测器接收到由干扰动作源或者微波干扰源所反馈的信号频率的变化时，所述微波探测器也会误认为是触发信号而进行正常的工作，例如，当所述微波探测器的检测区域内没有人体存在时，所述微波探测器被检测区域内的微波干扰源触发而进行工作，这无疑会对所述微波探测器的正常工作产生干扰并且会造成资源的浪费。
另外，当微波探测器被应用于不同的环境时，由于环境中存在的干扰源不同，微波探测器可能呈现的工作效果也不同，举例来讲，在工厂中应用的微波探测器和家用的微波探测器所受到的干扰源不同，就有可能导致在家用场景中使用的微波探测器被安装于工厂后发生被误触发的情况，这都是由于目前的微波探测器对环境不具有适用性所导致的，也可以理解为，这是由于现有的微波探测器抗干扰能力较差所导致的。然而，根据不同的应用场景来配置不同的微波探测器是不现实的，一方面会导致生产成本的增大，另一方面还会导致微波探测器使用范围被局限化。
如图1和图2所示，传统的使用5.8Ghz频段的所述微波探测器的结构框图被图示说明，其中所述微波探测器包括一天线回路10P，一振荡器20P，一混频检波单元30P，其中所述微波探测器的振荡器20P由于采用自激振荡的方式，其振荡频率难以在制造过程中被精确控制并固定处于5.8Ghz频段(5.725-5.875Ghz)中的某一频点，同时具有一定的频宽，所述天线回路10P被所述振荡器20P激发而发射所述振荡器20P的频点的电磁波信号并接收 相应的回波信号，所述混频检波单元30P同时连接于所述振荡器20P与所述天线回路10P以检测发射的电磁波信号与接收的回波信号之间的频率差，其中基于微波多普勒效应原理，在所述微波探测器的探测区域存在运动的物体时，所述微波探测器发射的电磁波信号与接收的回波信号之间存在频率差而使得所述混频检波单元30P能够输出多普勒信号。可以理解的是，当所述探测区域内存在与所述微波探测器的具有一定频宽的频点相对应的频率的其他电磁波信号时，所述天线回路10P同样能够接收该电磁波信号而被干扰，也就是说，当5.8Ghz频段及相邻频段的电磁波覆盖率越来越高时，所述微波探测器被干扰的概率也将越来越大。
因此，目前基于微波多普勒效应原理的所述微波探测器，特别是使用5.8Ghz频段的所述微波探测器，其所面临的相互干扰问题将会愈加严重，不同的环境条件对所述微波探测器的要求将会更加苛刻。
另外，微波探测器基于微波多普勒效应原理工作，所述微波探测器自身所发射的电磁波具有一定的消散距离和范围，在狭小空间内，电磁波无法被正常地消散衰减，那就会产生多次反射的现象，而每次所反射形成的回波均能够被所述微波探测器接收，则会对应输出所述微波探测器的干扰信号，也就是说，电磁波在狭小空间内的多次反射会影响所述微波探测器的正常工作，即会对所述微波探测器产生自激干扰。
具体地，由于所述微波探测器所发射的电磁波在狭小的空间内存在反射现象，电磁波在狭小空间内多次反射后会使得该狭小空间内的电磁波密度增大，而且电磁波多次反射而形成的反射波均能够被所述微波探测器接收到，因此会对所述微波探测器的工作产生干扰，换句话说，在排除外部信号的干扰作用下，所述微波探测器自身所发射的电磁波在狭小空间内多次反射而产生频率和/或相位的变化，从而被所述微波探测器接收而形成对所述微波探测器的干扰信号，使得所述微波探测器不能够正常工作，这就是所述微波探测器的自激干扰现象。
为了排除所述微波探测器的自激干扰，可以根据所需要探测的范围以调整所述微波探测器的功率的方式形成对所述微波探测器的微波实际覆盖范围的调整来排除自激干扰，但是对于批量生产的微波探测器来讲，微波探测器通常具有固定的结构和功率，如果需要改变微波探测器的结构或者功率，通常对改装的技术人员具有较高的专业要求，一方面改造的过程较为复杂，另一方面还会造成高昂的人工成本。而且，此类微波探测器被应用的场景具有多样性，在被应用于不同的应用场景时，可能对应产生不同的使用效果，因此很难针对某个或某种特定环境来对微波探测器进行不同的生产配置。
发明内容
本发明的一目的在于提供一自适应式微波探测器和自适应方法，其中通过调频的方式，允许所述微波探测器以至少调节一次工作频率/相位参数的方式来识别环境中的微波干扰源，从而主动规避所述微波干扰源地设定所述微波探测器的工作频率，以能够减小所述微波探测器与环境中的所述微波干扰源之间的相互干扰，进而提高所述微波探测器对环境的自适应能力。
本发明的一目的在于提供一自适应式微波探测器和自适应方法，其中所述微波探测器 基于多普勒效应原理对一探测区域发射检测波束并接收对应的回波而在所述检测波束与对应的所述回波之间的特征参数存在差异时生成一差异信号，则所述差异信号为对所述探测区域的物体的运动的响应。
本发明的一目的在于提供一自适应式微波探测器和自适应方法，其中通过调频的方式，允许所述微波探测器以调节至少一次频率/相位参数的方式发射所述检测波束，并检测所述差异信号是否产生波动，从而基于所述差异信号的波动识别所述探测区域内的微波干扰源，进而在后续主动规避所述微波干扰源地设定所述微波探测器的工作频率/相位参数，以能够减小所述微波探测器与各种环境中不同的所述微波干扰源之间的干扰，进而提高所述微波探测器对环境的自适应能力。
本发明的一目的在于提供一自适应式微波探测器和自适应方法，其中通过调频的方式，允许所述微波探测器能够发射不同频率的所述检测波束，以能够基于所述检测波束与相对应的所述回波之间输出的所述差异信号的波动识别所述探测区域内的所述微波干扰源，并发射不同于所述微波干扰源的频率的所述检测波束至所述探测区域，以避免所述微波探测器所发射的所述检测波束与所述微波干扰源的频率或形成的倍率差频同频，即避免了所述微波探测器与所述微波干扰源之间的相互干扰。
本发明的一目的在于提供一自适应式微波探测器和自适应方法，其中通过调频的方式，允许所述微波探测器以调节至少一次频率/相位参数的方式来降低与所述探测区域内的所述微波干扰源的频率相同的概率，从而减小所述微波探测器与环境中的所述微波干扰源相互干扰的概率。
本发明的一目的在于提供一自适应式微波探测器和自适应方法，其中当调频后所述检测波束与对应的所述回波之间生成的所述差异信号不产生波动时判断所述差异信号为干扰信号，从而基于所述差异信号识别所述微波干扰源，有利于提高所述差异信号对所述探测区域内物体运动的反馈的准确性。
本发明的一目的在于提供一自适应式微波探测器和自适应方法，其中通过所述差异信号以及所述差异信号的波动来反馈所述探测区域内同频段的电磁辐射频率点，对所述微波探测器的频率参数调节能够采用主动规避的调频方式，以进一步提高所述微波探测器的抗干扰性能，从而提高所述微波探测器对环境的自适应能力。
本发明的一目的在于提供一自适应式微波探测器和自适应方法，其中当检测所述差异信号产生波动时，维持所述微波探测器以调频后的频率工作，从而主动地规避所述探测区域内的所述微波干扰源与所述微波探测器之间的相互干扰。
本发明的一目的在于提供一自适应式微波探测器和自适应方法，其中基于所述差异信号的波动的方式来识别所述微波干扰源的特征参数，以能够提高所述微波探测器识别所述微波干扰源的特征参数的准确性，从而有利于提高所述微波探测器调节频率参数的准确性。
本发明的一目的在于提供一自适应式微波探测器和自适应方法，其中所述差异信号为依发射的所述检测波束与对应的回波之间的频率差异生成的一频差信号，以依所述频差信号的特征参数判断所述探测区域内的物体的运动状态，如所述探测区域内物体的移动或微动状态。
本发明的一目的在于提供一自适应式微波探测器和自适应方法，其中所述差异信号为 依发射的所述检测波束与对应的回波之间的相位差异生成的一相差信号，以依所述相差信号的特征参数判断所述探测区域内的物体的运动状态，如所述探测区域内物体的移动或微动状态。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一自适应式微波探测器和自适应方法，其中所述微波探测器不需要改变传统微波探测器的结构，也不需要昂贵复杂设备，从而本发明为所述微波探测器的抗辐射干扰提供一种经济、有效的解决方案。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一自适应式微波探测器和自适应方法，其中所述微波探测器的天线回路为低阻抗天线，通过降低阻抗的方式使得所述微波探测器的频宽变窄，有利于避免所述微波探测器接收或产生的微波信号被相邻频段的电磁辐射干扰。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一自适应式微波探测器和自适应方法，其中所述微波探测器的频宽变窄，则在固定的频段内，如5.8Ghz频段内，所述微波探测器的可调频点增多，进而有利于降低被调频调节的所述微波探测器被同频段的电磁辐射干扰的概率，即有利于通过调频调节所述微波探测器的频率参数的方式提高所述微波探测器的抗辐射干扰性能。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一自适应式微波探测器及其自适应方法，其中所述自适应式微波探测器基于微波多普勒效应原理输出一多普勒信号，其中基于所述多普勒信号的波动对所述自适应式微波探测器的有效探测距离进行自适应调节，从而以自适应调整所述自适应式微波探测器的有效探测距离的方式排除自激干扰。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一自适应式微波探测器及其自适应方法，其中通过降低所述自适应式微波探测器的灵敏度的方式，缩小所述自适应式微波探测器的所述有效探测距离，从而以自适应调整所述自适应式微波探测器的有效探测距离的方式排除自激干扰。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一自适应式微波探测器及其自适应方法，其中基于所述多普勒信号在一自适应时间段内的波动，通过自适应减小所述自适应式微波探测器的一放大模块的放大倍数或增益的方式自适应降低所述自适应式微波探测器的灵敏度，缩小所述自适应式微波探测器的所述有效探测距离，从而以自适应调整所述自适应式微波探测器的有效探测距离的方式排除自激干扰。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一自适应式微波探测器及其自适应方法，其中基于所述多普勒信号在一自适应时间段内的波动，通过减弱处理所述多普勒信号的方式自适应降低所述自适应式微波探测器的灵敏度，从而缩小所述自适应式微波探测器的所述有效探测距离，进而以自适应调整所述自适应式微波探测器的有效探测距离的方式排除自激干扰。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一自适应式微波探测器及其自适应方法，其中基于所述多普勒信号在所述自适应时间段内的波动，通过一控制单元输出一电平控制信号以调整衰减电路的方式对所述多普勒信号进行减弱处理，从而使得所述多普勒信号衰减至稳定输出。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一自适应式微波探测器及其自适应方法，其中基于所述多普勒信号在一自适应时间段内的波动，通过自适应提高所述自适应式微波探测器的一控制单元的动作阀值的方式自适应缩小所述自适应式微波探测器的所述有效探测距离，从而以自适应调整所述自适应式微波探测器的有效探测距离的方式排除自激干扰。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一自适应式微波探测器及其自适应方法，其中当所述多普勒信号存在规律性的波动时，通过软件滤波处理的方式滤除所述多普勒信号。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一自适应式微波探测器及其自适应方法，其中当所述多普勒信号的波动的频率固定时，通过硬件滤波电路、陷波电路或软件处理的方式滤除具有所述固定频率的所述多普勒信号。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一自适应式微波探测器及其自适应方法，其中当所述多普勒信号存在不规律波动时，依所述多普勒信号的波动输出一背景信号，并在一工作时间段内，依所述工作时间段内的所述多普勒信号的波动与所述背景信号的差异输出一触发信号，则所述触发信号为活动物体的反馈。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一自适应式微波探测器及其自适应方法，其中基当所述多普勒信号在一工作时间段的瞬间波动增大时，在相应瞬间自适应减小对所述多普勒信号的放大倍数，有利于排除瞬变干扰。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一自适应式微波探测器及其自适应方法，其中所述自适应式微波探测器通过发射一探测波束，并接收所述探测波束被反射形成的一反射波与基于所述反射波与所述探测波束之间特征参数的差异的方式输出所述多普勒信号。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一自适应式微波探测器及其自适应方法，其中所述多普勒信号为依所述探测波束与所述反射波之间频率差异所输出的频差信号。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一自适应式微波探测器及其自适应方法，其中所述多普勒信号为依所述探测波束与所述反射波之间相位差异所输出的相差信号。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一自适应式微波探测器及其自适应方法，本发明的方法简单方便，易于实现，能够满足所述自适应式微波探测器的实际应用的需求。
为实现以上至少一目的，本发明提供一自适应式微波探测器的自适应方法，其中所述自适应方法包括以下步骤：
(a)发射具有一预设频率/相位参数的一检测波束于一探测区域；
(b)接收所述检测波束在所述探测区域内被反射而形成的一回波和输出对应于所述检测波束和所述回波之间的特征参数的差异的一差异信号；以及
(c)于所述探测区域内为无活动物体环境的状态下开始一自适应时间段的计时，所述微波探测器于所述自适应时间段基于所述差异信号调节所述检测波束的频率/相位参数。
在本发明的一实施例中，在所述步骤(c)进一步包括步骤：(c1)当所述差异信号不存在波动时，则设定所述预设频率/相位参数为所述微波探测器的工作频率/相位参数。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述自适应式微波探测器的自适应方法进一步包括步骤：(d)在所述微波探测器的一工作时间段内，维持所述微波探测器的工作频率/相位参数。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述步骤(c)进一步包括步骤：(c2)当所述差异信号存在波动时，输出一调控信号，所述微波探测器依所述调控信号调节所述检测波束的频率/相位参数。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述步骤(c)进一步包括步骤：(c3)当所述步骤(c2)中所述差异信号不产生波动时，设置调节后的频率/相位参数为所述微波探测器的工作频率/相位参数。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述自适应式微波探测器的自适应方法进一步包括步骤：(d)在所述微波探测器的一工作时间段内，维持所述微波探测器的工作频率/相位参数。
在本发明的一实施例中，在所述步骤(c)中，藉由一控制单元接收并检测所述差异信号，并在所述差异信号产生波动时输出所述调控信号。
在本发明的一实施例中，在所述步骤(c)中，藉由一振荡器提供振荡频率，并以所述控制单元输出所述调控信号至所述振荡器的方式控制所述微波探测器调节所述检测波束的频率/相位参数。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述调控信号为一阶梯电压，以便于所述微波探测器以调节频率/相位参数的方式发射所述检测波束。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述阶梯电压基于高电平、低电平和高阻状态之间的切换形成。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述阶梯电压为基于高电平到低电平之间的分段电压变化。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述调控信号为一模拟电压，以便于所述微波探测器以调节频率/相位参数的方式发射所述检测波束。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述调控信号为一脉冲积分电压，其中所述脉冲积分电压为脉冲宽度调节并积分处理后的直流电压。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述调控信号为一电流信号，以便于所述微波探测器以调节频率/相位参数的方式发射所述检测波束。
在本发明的一实施例中，在所述步骤(b)中，藉由一混频检波单元分析所述检测波束与所述回波之间的特征参数的差异以输出所述差异信号。
在本发明的一实施例中，在所述步骤(b)中，所述特征参数被设置为频率参数，所述差异信号为依所述检测波束和所述回波之间的频率差异生成的频差信号。
在本发明的一实施例中，在所述步骤(b)中，所述特征参数被设置为相位参数，所述差异信号为依所述检测波束和所述回波之间的相位差异生成的相差信号。
本发明在另一方面还提供了一自适应式微波探测器，其包括：
一振荡器，其中所述振荡器被设置为能够于一频段内输出一激励信号；
一天线回路，其中所述天线回路电性连接于所述振荡器，以能够被所述激励信号激励而发射与所述激励信号频率相同的至少一检测波束，以此于所述检测波束的探测范围内形成一探测区域，所述天线回路能够接收所述检测波束于所述探测区域内被反射而形成一回波；
一混频检波单元，其中所述混频检波单元分别电性连接所述振荡器和所述天线回路，其中所述混频检波单元能够接收所述激励信号和所述天线回路依所述接收的所述回波所生成的回波信号，并能够依所述激励信号和所述回波信号之间的特征参数差异输出一差异信号；
一放大模块，其中所述放大模块电性连接所述混频检波单元以放大所述差异信号；以及
一控制单元，其中所述控制单元分别电性连接于所述放大模块和所述振荡器以能够接收和检测所述差异信号，其中所述控制单元被设置允许开始一自适应时间段的计时，和于所述自适应时间段基于所述差异信号存在波动而输出一调控信号至所述振荡器，以控制所述振荡器至少调节一次所述激励信号的频率，并在后续开始一工作时间段，其中所述振荡 器在所述工作时间段以当前频率输出所述激励信号。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述混频检波单元被设置为能够依所述激励信号和所述回波信号之间的相位参数差异输出所述差异信号。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述混频检波单元被设置为能够依所述激励信号和所述回波信号之间的频率参数差异输出所述差异信号。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述控制单元包括与所述振荡器电性相连的一调频模块和可通信地连接于所述调频模块的一干扰识别模块，其中所述干扰识别模块被设置为能够检测所述差异信号并依所述差异信号的波动识别所述探测区域内的微波干扰源，其中所述调频模块被设置为能够在所述干扰识别模块检测所述差异信号产生波动时以输出所述调控信号至所述振荡器的方式控制所述振荡器调频输出所述激励信号。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述调频模块和所述干扰识别模块一体集成。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述调频模块输出的所述调控信号为一阶梯电压。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述阶梯电压为基于高电平、低电平和高阻状态之间的切换。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述阶梯电压为基于高电平到低电平之间的分段电压变化。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述调频模块输出的所述调控信号为一模拟电压。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述调频模块输出的所述调控信号为脉冲积分电压，其中所述脉冲积分电压为脉冲宽度调节并积分处理后的直流电压。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述调频模块输出的所述调控信号为电流信号。
本发明在另一方面还提供了一自适应式微波探测器的自适应方法，其中所述自适应方法包括以下步骤：
(A)基于微波多普勒效应原理输出一多普勒信号；和
(B)于无目标活动物体的环境状态下开始一自适应时间段的计时和在所述自适应时间段内基于所述多普勒信号的波动自适应调整所述自适应式微波探测器的有效探测距离以排除自激干扰。
在本发明的一实施例中，在所述步骤(B)中，当所述多普勒信号存在波动时，自适应降低所述自适应式微波探测器的灵敏度，从而以自适应降低所述自适应式微波探测器的灵敏度的方式自适应缩小所述自适应式微波探测器的有效探测距离。
在本发明的一实施例中，在所述步骤(B)中，当所述多普勒信号存在波动时，自适应减小所述自适应式微波探测器的一放大模块的放大倍数或增益，从而自适应降低所述自适应式微波探测器的灵敏度。
在本发明的一实施例中，在所述步骤(B)中，藉由一ALC控制电路或一AGC控制电路控制减小所述放大模块的放大倍数和增益。
在本发明的一实施例中，在所述步骤(B)中，当所述多普勒信号存在波动时，衰减处理所述多普勒信号的输出，从而以自适应降低所述自适应式微波探测器的灵敏度的方式自适应缩小所述自适应式微波探测器的有效探测距离。
在本发明的一实施例中，在所述步骤(B)中，藉由一控制单元输出一电平控制信号和以调整衰减电路的方式对所述多普勒信号进行减弱处理，从而使得所述多普勒信号衰减至稳定输出。
在本发明的一实施例中，在所述步骤(B)中，当所述多普勒信号存在波动时，自适应提高所述自适应式微波探测器的一控制单元所设定的动作阀值，从而自适应调整所述自适应式微波探测器对所述多普勒信号的响应程度而改变所述有效探测距离。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述自适应式微波探测器的自适应方法进一步包括一步骤：(C)当所述多普勒信号存在规律性的波动时，通过软件滤波的方式滤除所述多普勒信号中的该波动。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述自适应式微波探测器的自适应方法进一步包括一步骤：(C)当所述多普勒信号的波动的频率固定时，通过硬件滤波电路、陷波电路或软件处理的方式滤除对应固定频率的所述多普勒信号。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述自适应式微波探测器的自适应方法进一步包括一步骤：(C)当所述多普勒信号存在不规律波动时，依所述多普勒信号的波动输出一背景信号，并在一工作时间段内，依所述工作时间段内的所述多普勒信号的波动与所述背景信号的差异输出一触发信号，则所述触发信号为活动物体的反馈。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述自适应式微波探测器的自适应方法进一步包括一步骤：(C)开始一工作时间段的计时，并在所述多普勒信号瞬间波动增大时，在相应瞬间自适应减小对所述多普勒信号的放大倍数，从而排除瞬变干扰。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述步骤(A)进一步包括以下步骤：
(A1)发射一探测波束；和
(A2)接收所述探测波束被反射而形成的一反射波，并基于所述反射波与所述探测波束之间特征参数的差异输出所述多普勒信号。
本发明在另一方面还提供了一自适应式微波探测器，其包括：
一振荡器，其中所述振荡器被设置为能够输出一激励信号；
一天线回路，其中所述天线回路电性连接于所述振荡器，以能够被所述激励信号激励而发射与所述激励信号频率相同的至少一探测波束，并能够接收所述探测波束被反射而形成的一反射波；
一混频检波模块，其中所述混频检波模块分别电性连接于所述振荡器和所述天线回路，以能够接收所述激励信号和依所述反射波所生成的反射波信号，并能够依所述激励信号和所述反射波信号之间特征参数的差异输出一多普勒信号；
一信号处理单元，其中所述信号处理单元被设置为能够在一自适应时间段内依所述多普勒信号的波动自适应调整所述自适应式微波探测器的有效探测距离以排除自激干扰。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述信号处理单元包括电连接于所述混频检波模块的一放大模块、以及电连接于所述放大模块的一控制电路，其中所述控制电路被设置为能够自适应降低所述放大模块的放大倍数或增益，其中当在所述自适应时间段内所述混频检波模块输出的所述多普勒信号存在波动时，所述控制电路自适应减小所述放大模块的放大倍数或增益，以自适应降低所述自适应式微波探测器的灵敏度，从而自适应调整所述自适应式微波探测器的所述有效探测距离。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述控制电路被设置为一ALC控制电路或一AGC控制电路。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述信号处理单元包括电连接于所述混频检波模块的一放大 模块和电连接于所述放大模块的一控制单元，其中所述控制单元预设有一动作阀值，其中当在所述自适应时间段内所述混频检波模块输出的所述多普勒信号存在波动时，所述控制单元依所述多普勒信号的波动自适应提高所述动作阀值，以自适应调整所述自适应式微波探测器对所述多普勒信号的响应程度而改变所述有效探测距离。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述信号处理单元包括电连接于所述混频检波模块的一放大模块和电连接于所述放大模块的一控制单元，其中当在所述自适应时间段内所述混频检波模块所输出的所述多普勒信号存在波动时，所述控制单元对所述多普勒信号进行减弱处理，从而自适应调整所述自适应式微波探测器的所述有效探测距离。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述控制单元被设置有一中频输出衰减电路，其中所述中频输出衰减电路被设置为能够在所述自适应时间段内基于所述混频检波模块所输出的所述多普勒信号存在波动时减弱所述多普勒信号。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述自适应式微波探测器进一步被设置有一滤波模块，其中所述滤波模块用于在一工作时间段内滤除所述混频检波模块所输出的有规律的或具有固定频率的所述多普勒信号。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述滤波模块可以被设置为软件滤波、硬件滤波电路或陷波电路中的一种。
通过对随后的描述和附图的理解，本发明进一步的目的和优势将得以充分体现。
附图说明
图1为现有的使用5.8Ghz频段的一微波探测器的结构示意框图。
图2为现有的使用5.8Ghz频段的所述微波探测器的频点分布示意图。
图3为根据本发明的一优选实施例的一自适应式微波探测器的自适应方法逻辑框图。
图4为根据本发明的上述优选实施例的所述自适应式微波探测器的自适应方法示意框图。
图5为根据本发明的使用5.8Ghz频段的一微波探测器的频点分布示意图。
图6为根据本发明的上述优选实施例的所述自适应式微波探测器的结构示意框图。
图7为根据本发明的另一优选实施例的一自适应式微波探测器的自适应方法的流程框图。
图8为根据本发明的上述优选实施例的所述自适应式微波探测器的第一种实施方式的结构框图。
图9为根据本发明的上述优选实施例的所述自适应式微波探测器的第一种实施方式的电路图。
图10为根据本发明的上述优选实施例的所述自适应式微波探测器的第二种实施方式的结构框图。
图11为根据本发明的上述优选实施例的所述自适应式微波探测器的第三种实施方式的结构框图。
图12为根据本发明的上述优选实施例的所述自适应式微波探测器的第三种实施方式的一中频输出衰减电路的电路图。
具体实施方式
以下描述用于揭露本发明以使本领域技术人员能够实现本发明。以下描述中的优选实施例只作为举例，本领域技术人员可以想到其他显而易见的变型。在以下描述中界定的本发明的基本原理可以应用于其他实施方案、形变方案、改进方案、等同方案以及没有背离本发明的精神和范围的其他技术方案。
本领域技术人员应理解的是，在本发明的揭露中，术语“竖向”、“横向”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系是基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，其仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此上述术语不能理解为对本发明的限制。
可以理解的是，术语“一”应理解为“至少一”或“一个或多个”，即在一个实施例中，一个元件的数量可以为一个，而在另外的实施例中，该元件的数量可以为多个，术语“一”不能理解为对数量的限制。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接或可以相互通讯；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
本发明提供了一自适应式微波探测器和自适应方法，其中所述自适应式微波探测器可以是一环境自适应的微波探测器，其中通过调频的方式，允许所述微波探测器能够发射不同频率的检测波束并基于所述检测波束和对应的回波之间的特征参数的差异所输出的差异信号的波动来识别探测区域内的微波干扰源，从而以主动规避的方式来设定所述微波探测器的工作频率，以能够降低所述微波探测器与所述微波干扰源的频率或形成的倍率差频同频的概率，进而减小所述微波探测器与所述微波干扰源之间相互干扰的概率，有利于提高所述微波探测器对不同环境的自适应能力。另外，本发明通过多状态组合判断的方式来控制调节所述微波探测器的振荡频率，有利于提高所述微波探测器的抗干扰能力，以进一步提高所述微波探测器在不同环境下的自适应能力。
具体地，如图3和图4所示，本发明的所述自适应式微波探测器的自适应方法包括以下步骤：
(a)发射具有一预设频率/相位参数的一检测波束于一探测区域；
(b)接收所述检测波束在所述探测区域内被反射而形成的一回波和输出对应于所述检测波束和所述回波之间的特征参数的差异的一差异信号；以及
(c)于所述探测区域内为无活动物体环境的状态下开始一自适应时间段的计时，所述微波探测器于所述自适应时间段基于所述差异信号调节所所述检测波束的频率/相位参数。
如图3所示，由于本发明的所述微波探测器基于微波多普勒效应原理来探测所述探测区域内是否有物体的运动，因此在所述步骤(c)中，当所述检测波束与所述回波之间的特征参数相同时，即所述差异信号不存在波动时，对应所述探测区域内无物体的运动，而且也 不存在其他无线电设备发射相同特征参数的电磁波干扰。也就是说，当所述检测波束与所述回波之间的特征参数相同时，对应所述探测区域内不存在所述微波干扰源。由此在所述步骤(c)中，当所述检测波束和所述回波之间的特征参数相同时，设定所述预设频率/相位参数为所述微波探测器的工作频率/相位参数，进而在所述探测区域内有物体运动时，所述微波探测器能够通过发射具有所述预设频率的所述检测波束来接收到准确的移动触发信号，则所述微波探测器能够正常地且不受干扰地进行工作。
也就是说，所述步骤(c)进一步包括一步骤：(c1)当所述差异信号不存在波动时，设定所述预设频率/限位参数为所述微波探测器的工作频率/相位参数。
可以理解为，所述微波干扰源可以包括无线电设备的干扰和机械干扰，由于本发明基于多普勒效应原理来对所述探测区域中的物体运动进行探测，当所述检测波束和所述回波之间特征参数相同时，可以认为所述探测区域内既不存在其他无线电设备干扰也不存在其他机械干扰。
此外，还值得一提的是，所述步骤(c)的所述特征参数可以被设置为一频率参数，则所述差异信号为依所述检测波束和所述回波之间的频率差异生成的频差信号，因此可以理解为，其中当所述步骤(c)中所述检测波束与所述回波之间的频率参数相同时，可以设定所述预设频率/相位参数为所述微波探测器的工作频率/相位参数而发射具有所述预设频率/相位参数的所述检测波束。
还可以理解为，在本发明的一些实施例中，所述步骤(c)中的所述特征参数也可以被设置为一相位参数，所述差异信号为依所述检测波束和所述回波之间的相位差异所生成的相差信号，因此可以理解为，当所述步骤(c)中所述检测波束与所述回波之间的相位参数相同时，可以设定所述预设频率/相位参数为所述微波探测器的工作频率/相位参数而发射具有所述预设频率/相位参数的所述检测波束，本发明对此不作限制。
总的来说，本发明通过所发射的所述检测波束和所述回波之间频率参数或相位参数的差异来输出所述差异信号，并通过分析所述差异信号来反馈所述微波干扰源存在与否，以便于所述微波探测器主动规避所述微波干扰源地发射所述检测波束。
应该理解为，所述检测波束的频率参数的变化同时对应于相位参数的变化，因此本发明对所述检测波束的调频，对应于对所述检测波束的频率/相位参数的调节。
值得一提的是，在所述步骤(c)中，当所述检测波束与所述回波之间的特征参数存在差异时，即所述差异信号存在波动时，输出一调控信号，所述微波探测器依所述调控信号调节所述检测波束的频率/相位参数，以通过输出至少一次所述调控信号的方式设置所述微波探测器的工作频率/相位参数，从而基于所述检测波束与对应的所述回波所输出的所述差异信号的波动识别和规避所述探测区域内的所述微波干扰源。
也就是说，所述步骤(c)进一步包括一步骤：(c2)当所述差异信号存在波动时，输出至少一所述调控信号，所述微波探测器依所述调控信号调节所述检测波束的频率/相位参数。
值得一提的是，所述调控信号可以但不限制为一阶梯电压，其中所述阶梯电压基于高电平、低电平和高阻状态之间的切换形成。在本发明的一些实施例中，其中所述阶梯电压也可以为基于高电平到低电压之间的分段电压变化。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述调控信号也可以为一模拟电压，以便于所述微波探测器在 所述频段内以动态频率的方式发射所述检测波束。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述调控信号为一脉冲积分电压，其中所述脉冲积分电压为脉冲宽度调节并积分处理后的直流电压。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述调控信号为一电流信号，以便于所述微波探测器以调节频率/相位参数的方式发射所述检测波束。
可以理解为，本发明可通过所述阶梯电压、所述模拟电压、所述脉冲积分电压等、所述电流信号等状态组合判断的方式来控制调节所述微波探测器的振荡频率，有利于提高所述微波探测器的抗干扰能力，以进一步提高所述微波探测器对不同环境的自适应能力。
可以理解为，在所述步骤(c)中，当所述检测波束与所述回波之间的特征参数存在差异时，即所述差异信号存在波动时，对应所述探测区域内存在物体运动或者存在其他无线电设备所发射的电磁波，也就是说，对应所述探测区域内存在物体运动或者所述微波干扰源。然而，为了进一步判断和识别所述差异信号是否为真正的触发信号，即对应探测目标物体运动所产生的触发信号，在所述步骤(c)中，所述微波探测器基于所述差异信号存在波动以输出至少一次所述调控信号的方式设置所述微波探测器的工作频率/相位参数，以获取调频之后所述检测波束与对应的所述回波所输出的所述差异信号的波动，并进一步基于所述差异信号的波动来判断所述微波探测区域是否存在所述微波干扰源，进而判断所述差异信号是否为真正的触发信号。
具体地，当依调频后所发射的所述检测波束与对应的所述回波之间的特征参数的差异所输出的所述差异信号存在波动时，对应所述探测区域内存在所述微波干扰源，可以判断所述探测区域内存在其他同频段的无线电设备，则所述差异信号为干扰信号，则重复所述步骤(c)中以输出至少一次所述调控信号的方式设置所述微波探测器的工作频率/相位参数的步骤，以避免所述微波探测器与所述微波干扰源同频；当依调频后所发射的所述检测波束与对应的所述回波之间的特征参数的差异所输出的所述差异信号不存在波动时，对应所述探测区域内不存在所述微波干扰源，则所述差异信号为真正的触发信号，因此可以设置调节后的频率/相位参数为所述微波探测器的工作频率，以避免所述微波探测器与所述微波干扰源同频，从而提高所述微波探测器的抗干扰能力以提高所述微波探测器对环境的自适应能力。
也就是说，所述步骤(c)进一步包括一步骤：(c3)当所述步骤(c2)中所述差异信号不产生波动时，设置调节后的频率/相位参数为所述微波探测器的工作频率/相位参数。
特别地，本发明的所述自适应式微波探测器的自适应方法进一步包括一步骤：(d)在所述微波探测器的一工作时间段内，维持所述微波探测器的工作频率/相位参数。
可以理解为，当在所述步骤(c1)和所述步骤(c3)中，所述差异信号不存在波动时，即所述探测区域内不存在所述微波干扰源时，可以分别维持所述微波探测器的工作频率/相位参数，以使得所述微波探测器能够于其工作时间段内无干扰地进行工作。
应该理解为，所述微波探测器的所述工作时间段在所述微波探测器的所述自适应时间段后进行计时。
值得一提的是，在所述步骤(b)中，所述微波探测器藉由一混频检波单元分析所述检测波束与所述回波之间的特征参数的差异以输出所述差异信号；而其中在所述步骤(c)中， 藉由一控制单元接收并检测所述差异信号，从而依所述差异信号的波动输出所述调控信号，进而所述微波探测器依所述调控信号调节所述检测波束的频率/相位参数。
可以理解的是，所述混频检波单元可以通过分析所述检测波束与所述回波之间的频率参数的差异以输出所述差异信号，也可以通过分析所述检测波束与所述回波之间的相位参数的差异以输出所述差异信号，本发明对此不作限制。
进一步地，在所述步骤(c)中，藉由一振荡器提供振荡频率，并以所述控制单元输出所述调控信号至所述振荡器的方式控制所述微波探测器调节所述检测波束的频率/相位参数。
值得一提的是，在本发明的所述自适应式微波探测器的自适应方法中，其中所述步骤(c)中可以通过基于现有的自动频率控制电路(AFC)、锁相环(PLL)、直接数字式频率合成器(DDS)之任一电路模块及组合生成不同的工作频点来调节所述检测波束的频率，也可以通过对所述振荡器输入一频变控制电压/电流的反馈调整方式改变所述振荡器的输出频率来实现调节所述检测波束的频率/相位参数，本发明对此不作限制。
可以理解为，在所述步骤(b)中，当所述检测波束和所述回波之间的特征参数存在差异时，所述混频检波单元输出所述差异信号，并在所述步骤(c)中藉由所述控制单元接收所述差异信号而输出所述调控信号，从而所述微波探测器以所述控制单元输出所述调控信号至所述振荡器的方式调节所述检测波束的频率/相位参数，即调节所述微波探测器的工作频率/相位参数。
可以理解的是，所述检测波束的传输速度基于光速，所述步骤(a)中的所述检测波束的发射动作，所述步骤(b)中的相应的所述回波的接收动作以及对所述检测波束和所述回波之间特征参数的分析步骤，以及所述步骤(c)中依所述差异信号设置所述微波探测器的工作频率/相位参数的步骤可以在一定的时间内被认为同时进行，也就是说，所述步骤(b)和所述步骤(c)在所述步骤(a)被执行的同时被执行，在本发明的一些实施例中，所述步骤(b)也可以在所述步骤(c)中调节所述检测波束的频率的期间不被执行，故应该理解为，本发明对所述自适应式微波探测器的自适应方法的描述并不构成对所述步骤(a)、所述步骤(b)以及所述步骤(c)的顺序的限制，包括所述步骤(a)、所述步骤(b)以及所述步骤(c)的步骤即可视为本发明的所述自适应式微波探测器的自适应方法。
还可以理解的是，由于所述探测区域内物体的运动速度远小于基于光速的电磁波传输速率，在本发明所述自适应式微波探测器的自适应方法中，所述步骤(a)中发射的所述检测波束从发射到被反射形成相应的所述回波并被接收的瞬间耗时远远小于所述步骤(c)中的调节所述检测波动的频率/相位参数的期间耗时，则在所述步骤(a)中发射的所述检测波束从发射到被反射形成相应的所述回波并被接收的瞬间，所述步骤(a)中发射的所述检测波束的频率允许被认为没有发生变化，即在所述步骤(c)中以调频的方式调节所述检测波束的频率/相位参数难以对所述步骤(b)中输出的所述差异信号造成干扰，从而能够维持所述差异信号对所述探测区域内物体的运动的反馈的准确性。
在本发明的上述实施方式中，通过所述差异信号的波动来识别所述探测区域内的所述微波干扰源，并通过调频的方式来调节所述微波探测器的工作频率，以能够主动地规避所述微波干扰源对所述微波探测器的干扰，从而提高所述微波探测器对所述探测区域的自适应能力。
可以理解为，如图5所示，根据本发明的使用5.8Ghz频段的一微波探测器的频点分布被阐明。可以从图5看出，所述微波探测器的所述检测波束的可调频点增多，也就是说，通过调频的方式来调节所述微波探测器的所述检测波束的频率，能够增多所述微波探测器的所述检测波束的可调频点并且能够缩窄所述微波探测器的频宽，有利于通过调频调节所述微波探测器的频率参数的方式提高所述微波探测器的抗辐射干扰性能。
在本发明的另一种实施方式中，也可以在所述步骤(c)中，当所述检测波束与所述回波之间的特征参数存在差异时，输出所述差异信号并控制所述微波探测器以动态调节所述预设频率/相位参数的方式发射所述检测波束。也就是说，当探测到所述探测区域内可能存在物体运动或所述微波干扰源时，也可以控制所述微波探测器以动态调频的方式发射所述检测波束，本发明对此不作限制。
本发明在另一方面还提供了一自适应式微波探测器，如图6所示，所述自适应式微波探测器包括一振荡器20、一天线回路10、一混频检波单元30、一放大模块40以及一控制单元50，其中所述振荡器20被设置为能够于一频段内输出一激励信号，其中所述天线回路10电性连接于所述振荡器20，以能够被所述激励信号激励而发射与所述激励信号频率相同的至少一检测波束，以此于所述检测波束的探测范围内形成一探测区域，所述天线回路10能够接收所述检测波束于所述探测区域内被反射而形成一回波，其中所述混频检波单元30分别电性连接所述振荡器20和所述天线回路10，其中所述混频检波单元30能够接收所述激励信号和所述天线回路10依所述接收的所述回波所生成的回波信号，并能够依所述激励信号和所述回波信号之间的特征参数差异输出一差异信号，其中所述放大模块40电性连接所述混频检波单元30以放大所述差异信号，其中所述控制单元50分别电性连接于所述放大模块40和所述振荡器20以能够接收和检测所述差异信号，其中所述控制单元50被设置允许开始一自适应时间段的计时，和于所述自适应时间段基于所述差异信号存在波动而输出一调控信号至所述振荡器20，以控制所述振荡器20至少调节一次所述激励信号的频率，并在后续开始一工作时间段，其中所述振荡器在所述工作时间段以当前频率输出所述激励信号。
值得一提的是，所述混频检波单元30被设置为能够依所述激励信号和所述回波信号之间的相位参数差异输出所述差异信号，所述混频检波单元30也可以被设置为能够依所述激励信号和所述回波信号之间的频率参数差异输出所述差异信号，也就是说，所述差异信号可以为一相差信号也可以为一频差信号，本发明对此不作限制。
进一步地，当所述控制单元50接收所述差异信号时，所述控制单元50分析所述差异信号并依所述差异信号的波动输出一调控信号至所述振荡器20，从而控制所述振荡器20以调节至少一次频率的方式输出所述激励信号。
更进一步地，在本发明的这一优选实施例中，所述控制单元50包括与所述振荡器20电性相连的一调频模块51，其中所述调频模块51被设置为能够以输出所述调控信号至所述振荡器20的方式控制所述振荡器20调频输出所述激励信号。
具体地，所述控制单元50进一步包括可通信地连接于所述调频模块51的一干扰识别模块52，其中所述干扰识别模块52被设置为能够检测所述差异信号并依所述差异信号的波动识别所述探测区域内的所述微波干扰源，其中当所述干扰识别模块52检测所述差异信号产 生波动时，即所述探测区域内存在微波干扰源时，所述调频模块51输出所述调控信号至所述振荡器20以控制所述振荡器20调节所述激励信号的频率，从而调节所述天线回路10所发射的所述检测波束的频率。
值得一提的是，所述调频模块51所输出的所述调控信号可以但不限于电压信号、电流信号等电信号，本发明对此不作限制。
可以理解为，所述干扰识别模块52基于所述差异信号是否存在波动识别所述探测区域是否存在所述微波干扰源，具体地，当所述干扰识别模块52检测所述差异信号不存在波动时，识别所述探测区域不存在所述微波干扰源，则判断所述差异信号为真正的触发信号，则维持所述振荡器20以固定的特征参数输出所述激励信号，从而维持所述天线回路10以固定的频率发射所述检测波束；当所述干扰识别模块52检测所述差异信号存在波动时，识别所述探测区域存在所述微波干扰源，则判断所述差异信号为干扰信号，由此所述调频模块51输出所述调控信号至所述振荡器20以控制所述振荡器20调节所述激励信号的频率，从而调节所述天线回路10所发射所述检测波束的频率，以此所述微波探测器以主动规避所述微波干扰源的方式发射所述检测波束，以能够避免所述微波探测器与所述微波干扰源之间的相互干扰。
特别地，所述控制单元50的所述调频模块51和所述干扰识别模块52被一体地集成，比如所述控制单元50可以但不限于一MCU、DSP、FPGA、以及外部高精度ADC集成芯片。
此外，还值得一提的是，所述调频模块51输出的所述调控信号为一阶梯电压，也就是说，所述调频模块51以输出阶梯电压的方式输出所述调控信号至所述振荡器20，从而控制所述激励信号以阶跃的方式调频，其中当所述调频模块51以输出阶梯电压对的方式控制所述天线回路10所发射的所述检测波束的频率以阶跃的方式调频时，所述控制单元50、所述天线回路10以及所述振荡器20可形成一闭环控制的回路。
优选地，所述阶梯电压可以为基于高电平、低电平和高阻状态之间的切换，也可以为基于高电平到低电平之间的分段电压变化，本发明对此不作限制。
在本发明的一些实施例中，所述调频模块51输出的所述调控信号为一模拟电压，也就是说，所述调频模块51以输出模拟电压至所述振荡器20的方式控制所述振荡器20所输出的所述激励信号的特征参数发生变化，其中所述振荡器20激励所述天线回路10发射的所述检测波束也呈同样的变化方式。因此可以进一步理解为，所述调频模块51可通过输出模拟电压的方式允许所述天线回路10输出不同频率的所述检测波束。
在本发明的一些实施例中，所述调频模块51输出的所述调控信号为一脉冲积分电压，也就是说，所述调频模块51以输出脉冲积分电压至所述振荡器20的方式控制所述振荡器20所输出的所述激励信号的特征参数发生变化，其中所述振荡器20激励所述天线回路10发射的所述检测波束也呈同样的变化方式。优选地，其中所述脉冲积分电压为脉冲宽度调节并积分处理后的直流电压。
在本发明的一些实施例中，所述调频模块51输出的所述调控信号为一电流信号，其中当所述干扰识别模块52检测所述差异信号产生波动时，所述调频模块51以输出所述电流信号至所述振荡器20的方式控制所述振荡器20调频输出所述激励信号。
值得一提的是，所述放大模块40可以独立于所述控制单元50被设置，也可以被一体集成于所述控制单元50，本发明对此不作限制。
此外，还值得一提的是，所述天线回路10包括一天线发射回路11和一天线接收回路12，其中所述天线发射回路11用于发射所述检测波束，其中所述接收回路用于接收由所述检测波束于所述探测区域内被发射而形成的所述回波。所述天线发射回路11和所述天线接收回路12可以被设置为两个不同的模块也可以被设置为一体集成，本发明对此不作限制。
可选地，在本发明的一些实施例中，所述振荡器20可以被设置为一调频振荡器20，其中当所述控制单元50接收所述差异信号时，所述控制单元50输出一调频控制信号至所述振荡器20以控制所述跳频振荡器20于所述频段内调节所述激励信号的频率。
特别地，所述振荡器20被设置以一晶振或一标准频率源提供基础的窄频振荡频率，以允许所述振荡器20以所述窄频振荡频率的不同倍频级数的频率调频输出所述激励信号。
可选地，所述振荡器20包括自动频率控制电路(AFC)、锁相环(PLL)、直接数字式频率合成器(DDS)、压控振荡器(VCO)、分频器、倍频器之任一电路模块及组合，以基于所述晶振或所述标准频率源提供的所述窄频振荡频率生成的不同倍频级数的频率而调频输出所述激励信号。
本领域技术人员应当理解，对所述激励信号的调频输出的实现方式多样，即所述振荡器20的结构多样，本发明对此并不限制，例如但不限于上述示例中，采用自动频率控制电路(AFC)、锁相环(PLL)、直接数字式频率合成器(DDS)之任一电路模块及组合，以基于所述晶振或所述标准频率源提供基础的窄频振荡频率生成的不同倍频级数的频率而调频输出所述激励信号。
如图7所示，本发明的另一较佳实施例的一自适应式微波探测器的自适应方法包括以下步骤：
(A)基于微波多普勒效应原理输出一多普勒信号；和
(B)于无目标活动物体的环境状态下开始一自适应时间段的计时和在所述自适应时间段内基于所述多普勒信号的波动自适应调整所述自适应式微波探测器的有效探测距离以排除自激干扰。
值得一提的是，所述自适应式微波探测器可以是一自激自适应式微波探测器。
可以理解为，微波探测器的实际探测范围与其所发射的电磁波的功率有关，通常情况下，微波探测器发射电磁波而形成实际探测范围是固定的，也就是说，电磁波在其实际探测范围内所反射的反射波均能够被微波探测器接收到，包括实际探测范围内由活体动作所反射所述电磁波而形成的反射波和由于所述电磁波在狭小空间内所反射而形成的反射波，也就是说，无论所述微波探测器接收由活体动作对应形成的反射波还是由于微波探测器自激现象所形成的反射波均会输出一多普勒信号，这就将会使得所述微波探测器受自激干扰而无法正常工作，因此为了排除自激干扰，本发明通过自适应降低所述自适应式微波探测器灵敏度的方式，自适应缩小所述自适应式微波探测器的有效探测距离，即自适应缩小所述自适应式微波探测器的有效数据范围，从而以自适应调整所述自适应式微波探测器的有效探测距离的方式排除自激干扰。
值得一提的是，所述步骤(A)进一步包括以下步骤：
(A1)发射一探测波束；和
(A2)接收所述探测波束被反射而形成的一反射波，并基于所述反射波与所述探测波束之间特征参数的差异输出所述多普勒信号。
可以理解为，通常情况下，所述自适应式微波探测器发射的所述探测波束基于光速，所述探测波束所能探测到的范围形成一探测区域，所述探测区域对应所述自适应式微波探测器的实际探测范围，即对应所述自适应式微波探测器的实际探测距离，而所述自适应式微波探测器的有效探测距离为所述自适应式微波探测器的有效数据范围，即为能够响应由所述目标活动物体所产生的所述多普勒信号的有效数据范围。可以理解的是，当所述探测区域足够空旷时，所述探测波束能够于所述探测区域内自行发散衰减，而当所述探测区域为一狭小空间时，尤其为具有玻璃或金属的密闭空间时，所述探测波束于所述狭小空间内存在多次反射的现象，从而导致所述探测波束于所述狭小空间内被反射所形成对应的所述反射波的频率和/或相位参数发生差异，则基于所述探测波束与对应的所述反射波的频率和/或相位参数的差异，所述自适应式微波探测器均会输出所述多普勒信号。由于所述自适应时间段在无所述目标活动物体的环境状态下开始计时，因此可以认为所述自适应时间段内无所述目标活动物体存在，当基于微波多普勒效应原理输出所述多普勒信号并所述多普勒信号存在波动时，可以认为该无所述目标活动物体环境下存在所述自适应式微波探测器的自激干扰，由此为了排除自激干扰，在所述步骤(B)中，基于所述多普勒信号的波动自适应调整所述自适应式微波探测器的有效探测距离的方式排除自激干扰。
应该理解为，所述多普勒信号可以为依所述探测波束与相应的所述反射波之间的频率差异所输出的频差信号也可以为依所述探测波束与相应的所述反射波之间的相位差异所输出的相差信号，本发明对此不作限制。
还应该理解为，不同的应用场景下对应不同的目标活动物体，例如在室内探测人体活动的应用场景中，所述目标活动物体为活动的人体；而在公路探测车辆活动的应用场景中，所述目标活动物体为移动的车辆，因此所述目标活动物体不能够理解为对本发明的限制。
进一步地，如图8和图9所示，在本发明的上述优选实施例的第一种实施方式中，本发明通过降低所述自适应式微波探测器的灵敏度的方式缩小所述自适应式微波探测器的有效探测距离，具体地，在所述步骤(B)中，当所述多普勒信号存在波动时，自适应降低所述自适应式微波探测器的灵敏度，从而以自适应降低所述自适应式微波探测器的灵敏度的方式自适应缩小所述自适应式微波探测器的有效探测距离。
示例地，在所述步骤(B)中，当所述多普勒信号存在波动时，自适应减小所述自适应式微波探测器的一放大模块的放大倍数或增益，从而自适应降低所述自适应式微波探测器的灵敏度。
具体地，在所述步骤(B)中，本发明可以通过一ALC控制电路或一AGC控制电路基于所述多普勒信号的波动来控制减小所述放大模块的放大倍数和增益，从而降低所述自适应式微波探测器灵敏度。
值得一提的是，所述ALC控制电路即为自动电平控制电路，通过反馈控制所述放大模块所输出的放大后的所述多普勒信号的强度的方式来实现控制所述放大模块输出放大的所述多普勒信号的电平目的，从而能够以降低所述放大模块的增益的方式来降低所述自适应 式微波探测器的灵敏度。所述AGC控制电路即为自动增益控制电路，其中所述AGC控制电路基于所述多普勒信号的强度自适应地降低所述放大模块的增益以降低所述自适应式微波探测器的灵敏度。
可以理解为，在所述步骤(B)中，当自适应减小所述放大模块的放大倍数或增益时，所述放大模块所输出的放大多普勒信号则不会被所述自适应式微波探测器识别，也就是说，通过降低所述自适应式微波探测器的灵敏度的方式，能够缩小所述自适应式微波探测器的所述有效探测距离，即能够缩小所述自适应式微波探测器的有效数据范围，从而由所述自适应式微波探测器的自激现象所产生的多普勒信号被排除于所述自适应式微波探测器的有效数据范围之外，从而所述自适应式微波探测器能够排除自激干扰地进行工作。
值得一提的是地，在本发明的这一种实施方式中，进一步包括一步骤：(C)开始一工作时间段的计时，并在所述多普勒信号瞬间波动增大时，在相应瞬间自适应减小对所述多普勒信号的放大倍数，从而排除瞬变干扰。
可以理解为，当在所述自适应时间段内自适应降低所述自适应式微波探测器的灵敏度后，在后续的工作时间段内，所述多普勒信号存在波动时，可以认为，在工作时间段内存在物体活动存在，当所述多普勒信号的波动在某一瞬间增大时，可以认为该瞬间增大的所述多普勒信号为环境中的一瞬变干扰信号，因此，在所述步骤(C)中，可以通过所述ALC控制电路或所述AGC控制电路基于所述多普勒信号的瞬间波动来自适应降低所述自适应式微波探测器的灵敏度，从而在相应瞬间缩小所述自适应式微波探测器的所述有效探测距离，从而排除所述瞬变干扰信号。
进一步地，如图10所示，在本发明的上述优选实施例的第二种实施方式中，本发明通过提高所述自适应式微波探测器的动作阀值的方式缩小所述自适应式微波探测器的有效探测距离，具体地，在所述步骤(B)中，当所述多普勒信号存在波动时，自适应提高所述自适应式微波探测器的一控制单元所设定的动作阀值，从而自适应调整所述自适应式微波探测器对所述多普勒信号的响应程度而改变所述有效探测距离。
可以理解为，所述控制单元依所述动作阀值对所述放大模块所输出的放大多普勒信号进行处理，即所述自适应式微波探测器的有效数据范围由所述动作阀值来限定，具体地，当放大的所述多普勒信号的强度小于所述动作阀值时，放大的所述多普勒信号被排除于所述控制单元的所述有效数据范围内，也就是说，只有当放大的所述多普勒信号的强度大于所述动作阀值时，放大的所述多普勒信号才能够被归于所述控制单元的所述有效数据范围内，而且所述自适应式微波探测器响应所述有效数据范围内的所述多普勒信号进行工作，也就是说，当所述自适应式微波探测器在所述自适应时间段内输出所述多普勒信号并且所述多普勒信号存在波动时，可以认为所述多普勒信号即为所述探测区域内的自激干扰信号，因此通过提高所述控制单元所设定的所述动作阀值的方式能够相应缩小所述自适应式微波探测器的所述有效探测距离，即相应缩小所述自适应式微波探测器的所述有效数据范围，从而能够主动排除由自激干扰所输出的所述多普勒信号，以排除自激干扰。
进一步地，如图11和图12所示，在本发明的上述优选实施例的第三种实施方式中，本发明通过降低所述自适应式微波探测器的灵敏度的方式缩小所述自适应式微波探测器的有效探测距离，具体地，在所述步骤(B)中，当所述多普勒信号存在波动时，衰减处理所述 多普勒信号的输出，从而以自适应降低所述自适应式微波探测器的灵敏度的方式自适应缩小所述自适应式微波探测器的有效探测距离。
可以理解为，当所述自适应式微波探测器在所述自适应时间段内输出所述多普勒信号并且所述多普勒信号存在波动时，可以认为所述多普勒信号即为所述探测区域内的自激干扰信号，因此在本发明的这一种实施方式中，通过在所述多普勒信号被放大之前减弱处理所述多普勒信号的方式自适应降低所述自适应式微波探测器的灵敏度，从而以自适应缩小所述自适应式微波探测器的有效探测距离的方式排除自激干扰。
进一步地，在本发明的这一种实施方式中，在所述步骤(B)中，藉由一控制单元输出一电平控制信号和以调整衰减电路的方式对所述多普勒信号进行减弱处理，从而使得所述多普勒信号衰减至稳定输出。
可以理解为，所述控制单元通过一中频输出衰减电路对所述多普勒信号进行减弱处理，所述中频输出衰减电路如图12所示，可以理解的是，所述中频输出衰减电路对所述多普勒信号减弱处理后，能够降低所述多普勒信号的强度，从而使得所述多普勒信号被排除于所述自适应式微波探测器的所述有效数据范围之外，以此排除自激干扰。
值得一提的是，所述中频输出衰减电路可以在所述放大模块放大所述多普勒信号之前对所述多普勒信号进行衰减处理，也可以在所述放大模块放大所述多普勒信号之后对放大的所述多普勒信号进行处理，本发明对此不作限制。
值得一提的是，在本发明的上述优选实施例中，进一步包括一步骤：(C)，当所述多普勒信号存在规律性的波动时，可以通过软件滤波处理的方式滤除所述多普勒信号中的该波动。
可以理解为，本发明可以在所述自适应时间段基于所述多普勒信号存在规律性的波动时通过软件滤波处理的方式滤除所述多普勒信号以排除自激干扰，也可以在所述工作时间段基于所述多普勒信号存在规律性的波动时通过软件滤波处理的方式滤除所述多普勒信号中的该波动以排除所述探测区域内的其他无线电设备或机械设备干扰，本发明对此不作限制。
还值得一提的是，在本发明的一些实施例中，进一步包括一步骤：(C)当所述多普勒信号的波动的频率固定时，通过硬件滤波电路、陷波电路或软件处理的方式滤除对应固定频率的所述多普勒信号。
可以理解为，本发明可以在所述自适应时间段基于所述多普勒信号的波动的频率固定时通过硬件滤波电路、陷波电路或软件处理的方式滤除具有所述固定频率的所述多普勒信号以排除自激干扰，也可以在所述工作时间段基于所述多普勒信号的波动的频率固定时通过硬件滤波电路、陷波电路或软件处理的方式滤除对应固定频率的所述多普勒信号以排除所述探测区域内的其他无线电设备或机械设备干扰，本发明对此不作限制。
此外，还值得一提的是，在本发明的一些实施例中，进一步包括一步骤：(C)当所述多普勒信号存在不规律波动时，依所述多普勒信号的波动输出一背景信号，并在一工作时间段内，依所述工作时间段内的所述多普勒信号的波动与所述背景信号的差异输出一触发信号，则所述触发信号为存在物体活动的反馈。
可以理解为，当在所述自适应时间段内，所述多普勒信号存在不规律波动时，则所述多普勒信号可以认为是所述探测区域内的一干扰信号，则可以依所述干扰信号输出一背景信 号，从而能够在所述工作时间段内，当输出的多普勒信号与所述背景信号存在差异时，可以认为所述多普勒信号对应于所述探测区域内存在物体活动，因此可以基于所述多普勒信号与所述背景信号之间的差异输出真正的所述触发信号，则所述触发信号为存在物体活动的反馈。换句话说，当在所述工作时间段内所输出的多普勒信号与所述背景信号相同时，可以认为所述多普勒信号为所述探测区域内的所述干扰信号。
如图8至图12所示，本发明在另一方面还提供了一自适应式微波探测器，其中所述自适应式微波探测器包括一振荡器910、一天线回路920、一混频检波模块930以及一信号处理单元940，其中所述振荡器910被设置为能够输出一激励信号；其中所述天线回路920电性连接于所述振荡器910，以能够被所述激励信号激励而发射与所述激励信号频率相同的至少一探测波束，并能够接收所述探测波束被反射而形成的一反射波；其中所述混频检波模块930分别电性连接于所述振荡器910和所述天线回路920，以能够接收所述激励信号和依所述反射波所生成的反射波信号，并能够依所述激励信号和所述反射波信号之间特征参数的差异输出一多普勒信号；其中所述信号处理单元940被设置为能够在一自适应时间段内依所述多普勒信号的波动自适应调整所述自适应式微波探测器的有效探测距离以排除自激干扰。
可以理解为，无论所述反射波是由物体运动反射所述探测波束所形成的还是由所述探测波束于狭小空间内反射而形成的，所述反射波均能够被所述天线回路920接收，而且，无论是由物体运动反射所述探测波束所形成的还是由所述探测波束于狭小空间内反射而形成的所述反射波与所述探测波束之间的特征参数均会存在差异，因此所述混频检波模块930均会对应依所述反射波和所述探测波束之间特征参数的差异输出所述多普勒信号，因此通过所述信号处理单元940自适应缩小所述自适应式微波探测器的有效探测距离的方式，即自适应缩小所述自适应式微波探测器的有效数据范围的方式，能够主动地排除由所述探测波束于所述狭小空间内被反射所形成的所述反射波与所述探测波束之间特征差异所输出的所述多普勒信号，即主动地排除自激干扰。
值得一提的是，本发明的所述多普勒信号可以为基于所述探测波束与相应的所述反射波之间频率差异所输出的频差信号，也可以为基于所述探测波束与相应的所述反射波之间相位差异所输出的相差信号，本发明对此不作限制。
进一步地，如图8和图9所示，所述自适应式微波探测器的第一种实施方式被阐明，其中在第一种实施方式中，其中所述信号处理单元940包括电连接于所述混频检波模块930的一放大模块941、以及电连接于所述放大模块941的一控制电路943，其中所述控制电路943被设置为能够自适应降低所述放大模块941的放大倍数或增益，其中当在所述自适应时间段内所述混频检波模块930输出的所述多普勒信号存在波动时，所述控制电路943自适应减小所述放大模块941的放大倍数或增益，以自适应降低所述自适应式微波探测器的灵敏度，从而自适应调整所述自适应式微波探测器的所述有效探测距离。
值得一提的是，在本发明的第一种实施方式中，其中所述控制电路943可以被设置为一ALC控制电路或一AGC控制电路，本发明对此不作限制。
可以理解为，所述ALC控制电路即为自动电平控制电路，通过反馈控制所述放大模块941所输出的放大后的所述多普勒信号的强度的方式来实现控制所述放大模块941输出放大 的所述多普勒信号的电平目的，从而能够以降低所述放大模块941的增益的方式来降低所述自适应式微波探测器的灵敏度。所述AGC控制电路即为自动增益控制电路，其中所述AGC控制电路基于所述多普勒信号的强度自适应地降低所述放大模块941的增益以降低所述自适应式微波探测器的灵敏度。
还可以理解为，在一工作时间段内，当所述混频检波模块930输出的所述多普勒信号瞬间波动较大时，所述ALC控制电路或所述AGC控制电路能够自适应降低所述放大模块941的灵敏度，以排除所述探测区域内的瞬变干扰。
值得一提的是，如图10所示，所述自适应式微波探测器的第二种实施方式被阐明，其中在第二种实施方式中，其中所述信号处理单元940A包括电连接于所述混频检波模块930的一放大模块941A和电连接于所述放大模块941A的一控制单元942A，其中所述控制单元942A预设有一动作阀值，其中当在所述自适应时间段内所述混频检波模块930输出的所述多普勒信号存在波动时，所述控制单元942A依所述多普勒信号的波动自适应提高所述动作阀值，以自适应调整所述自适应式微波探测器对所述多普勒信号的响应程度而改变所述有效探测距离。
可以理解为，所述控制单元942A依所述动作阀值对所述放大模块941A所输出的放大多普勒信号进行处理，即所述自适应式微波探测器的有效数据范围由所述动作阀值来限定，具体地，当放大的所述多普勒信号的强度小于所述动作阀值时，放大的所述多普勒信号被排除于所述控制单元的所述有效数据范围内，也就是说，只有当放大的所述多普勒信号的强度大于所述动作阀值时，放大的所述多普勒信号才能够被归于所述控制单元的所述有效数据范围内。而当所述自适应式微波探测器在所述自适应时间段内输出所述多普勒信号并且所述多普勒信号存在波动时，可以认为所述多普勒信号即为所述探测区域内的自激干扰信号，因此通过提高所述控制单元942A所设定的所述动作阀值的方式能够相应缩小所述自适应式微波探测器的所述有效探测距离，即相应缩小所述自适应式微波探测器的所述有效数据范围，从而能够主动排除由自激干扰所输出的所述多普勒信号，以排除自激干扰。
值得一提的是，如图11和图12所示，所述自适应式微波探测器的第三种实施方式被阐明，其中在第三种实施方式中，其中所述信号处理单元940B包括电连接于所述混频检波模块930的一放大模块941B和电连接于所述放大模块941B的一控制单元942B，其中当在所述自适应时间段内所述混频检波模块930所输出的所述多普勒信号存在波动时，所述控制单元942B对所述多普勒信号进行减弱处理，从而自适应降低所述自适应式微波探测器的灵敏度。
具体地，所述控制单元942B被设置有一中频输出衰减电路944B，其中所述中频输出衰减电路944B被设置为能够在所述自适应时间段内基于所述混频检波模块930所输出的所述多普勒信号存在波动时减弱所述多普勒信号。
值得一提的是，所述中频输出衰减电路944B可以对所述混频检波模块930所输出的所述多普勒信号进行衰减处理，也可以对所述放大模块941B放大处理后的所述多普勒信号进行衰减处理，本发明对此不作限制。
特别地，所述中频输出衰减电路944B如图12所示，可以理解的是，所述中频输出衰减电路944B对所述多普勒信号减弱处理后，能够降低所述多普勒信号的强度，从而使得所述 多普勒信号被排除于所述自适应式微波探测器的所述有效数据范围之外。
值得一提的是，在本发明的一些实施例中，所述信号处理单元940被设置有一滤波模块，其中所述滤波模块用于在一工作时间段内滤除所述混频检波模块930所输出的有规律的或具有固定频率的所述多普勒信号。
可选地，所述滤波模块可以被设置为软件滤波、硬件滤波电路或陷波电路中的一种。
本领域的技艺人员应理解，上述描述及附图中所示的本发明的实施例只作为举例而并不限制本发明。本发明的目的已经完整并有效地实现。本发明的功能及结构原理已在实施例中展示和说明，在没有背离所述原理下，本发明的实施方式可以有任何变形或修改。

Claims (48)

  1. 一自适应式微波探测器的自适应方法，其特征在于，所述自适应方法包括以下步骤：
    (a)发射具有一预设频率/相位参数的一检测波束于一探测区域；
    (b)接收所述检测波束在所述探测区域内被反射而形成的一回波和输出对应于所述检测波束和所述回波之间的特征参数的差异的一差异信号；以及
    (c)于所述探测区域内为无活动物体环境的状态下开始一自适应时间段的计时，所述微波探测器于所述自适应时间段基于所述差异信号调节所述检测波束的频率/相位参数。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的自适应方法，其中在所述步骤(c)进一步包括步骤：(c1)当所述差异信号不存在波动时，则设定所述预设频率/相位参数为所述微波探测器的工作频率/相位参数。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的自适应方法，进一步包括一步骤：(d)在所述微波探测器的一工作时间段内，维持所述微波探测器的工作频率/相位参数。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的自适应方法，其中所述步骤(c)进一步包括步骤：(c2)当所述差异信号存在波动时，输出一调控信号，所述微波探测器依所述调控信号调节所述检测波束的频率/相位参数。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的自适应方法，其中所述步骤(c)进一步包括步骤：(c3)当所述步骤(c2)中所述差异信号不产生波动时，设置调节后的频率/相位参数为所述微波探测器的工作频率/相位参数。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的自适应方法，进一步包括步骤：(d)在所述微波探测器的一工作时间段内，维持所述微波探测器的工作频率/相位参数。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的自适应方法，其中在所述步骤(c)中，藉由一控制单元接收并检测所述差异信号，并在所述差异信号产生波动时输出所述调控信号。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的自适应方法，其中在所述步骤(c)中，藉由一振荡器提供振荡频率，并以所述控制单元输出所述调控信号至所述振荡器的方式控制所述微波探测器调节所述检测波束的频率/相位参数。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的自适应方法，其中所述调控信号为一阶梯电压，以便于所述微波探测器以调节频率/相位参数的方式发射所述检测波束。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的自适应方法，其中所述阶梯电压基于高电平、低电平和高阻状态之间的切换形成。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的自适应方法，其中所述阶梯电压为基于高电平到低电平之间的分段电压变化。
  12. 根据权利要求8所述的自适应方法，其中所述调控信号为一模拟电压，以便于所述微波探测器以调节频率/相位参数的方式发射所述检测波束。
  13. 根据权利要求8所述的自适应方法，其中所述调控信号为一脉冲积分电压，其中所述脉冲积分电压为脉冲宽度调节并积分处理后的直流电压。
  14. 根据权利要求8所述的自适应方法，其中所述调控信号为一电流信号，以便于所述微波探测器以调节频率/相位参数的方式发射所述检测波束。
  15. 根据权利要求1至14中任一所述的自适应方法，其中在所述步骤(b)中，藉由一混频检波单元分析所述检测波束与所述回波之间的特征参数的差异以输出所述差异信号。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的自适应方法，其中在所述步骤(b)中，所述特征参数被设置为频率参数，所述差异信号为依所述检测波束和所述回波之间的频率差异生成的频差信号。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的自适应方法，其中在所述步骤(b)中，所述特征参数被设置为相位参数，所述差异信号为依所述检测波束和所述回波之间的相位差异生成的相差信号。
  18. 一自适应式微波探测器，其特征在于，包括：
    一振荡器，其中所述振荡器被设置为能够于一频段内输出一激励信号；
    一天线回路，其中所述天线回路电性连接于所述振荡器，以能够被所述激励信号激励而发射与所述激励信号频率相同的至少一检测波束，以此于所述检测波束的探测范围内形成一探测区域，所述天线回路能够接收所述检测波束于所述探测区域内被反射而形成一回波；
    一混频检波单元，其中所述混频检波单元分别电性连接所述振荡器和所述天线回路，其中所述混频检波单元能够接收所述激励信号和所述天线回路依所述接收的所述回波所生成的回波信号，并能够依所述激励信号和所述回波信号之间的特征参数差异输出一差异信号；
    一放大模块，其中所述放大模块电性连接所述混频检波单元以放大所述差异信号；以及
    一控制单元，其中所述控制单元分别电性连接于所述放大模块和所述振荡器以能够接收和检测所述差异信号，其中所述控制单元被设置允许开始一自适应时间段的计时，和于所述自适应时间段基于所述差异信号存在波动而输出一调控信号至所述振荡器，以控制所述振荡器至少调节一次所述激励信号的频率，并在后续开始一工作时间段，其中所述振荡器在所述工作时间段以当前频率输出所述激励信号。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的自适应式微波探测器，其中所述混频检波单元被设置为能够依所述激励信号和所述回波信号之间的相位参数差异输出所述差异信号。
  20. 根据权利要求18所述的自适应式微波探测器，其中所述混频检波单元被设置为能够依所述激励信号和所述回波信号之间的频率参数差异输出所述差异信号。
  21. 根据权利要求18至20中任一所述的自适应式微波探测器，其中所述控制单元包括与所述振荡器电性相连的一调频模块和可通信地连接于所述调频模块的一干扰识别模块，其中所述干扰识别模块被设置为能够检测所述差异信号并依所述差异信号的波动识别所述探测区域内的微波干扰源，其中所述调频模块被设置为能够在所述干扰识别模块检测所述差异信号产生波动时以输出所述调控信号至所述振荡器的方式控制所述振荡器调频输出所述激励信号。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的环境自适应式微波探测器，其中所述调频模块和所述干扰识别模块一体集成。
  23. 根据权利要求21所述的自适应式微波探测器，其中所述调频模块输出的所述调控信号为一阶梯电压。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的自适应式微波探测器，其中所述阶梯电压为基于高电平、低电平和高阻状态之间的切换。
  25. 根据权利要求23所述的自适应式微波探测器，其中所述阶梯电压为基于高电平到低电平之间的分段电压变化。
  26. 根据权利要求21所述的自适应式微波探测器，其中所述调频模块输出的所述调控信号为一模拟电压。
  27. 根据权利要求21所述的自适应式微波探测器，其中所述调频模块输出的所述调控信号为脉冲积分电压，其中所述脉冲积分电压为脉冲宽度调节并积分处理后的直流电压。
  28. 根据权利要求21所述的自适应式微波探测器，其中所述调频模块输出的所述调控信号为电流信号。
  29. 一自适应式微波探测器的自适应方法，其特征在于，所述自适应方法包括以下步骤：
    (A)基于微波多普勒效应原理输出一多普勒信号；和
    (B)于无目标活动物体的环境状态下开始一自适应时间段的计时和在所述自适应时间段内基于所述多普勒信号的波动自适应调整所述自适应式微波探测器的有效探测距离以排除自激干扰。
  30. 根据权利要求29所述的自适应方法，其中在所述步骤(B)中，当所述多普勒信号存在波动时，自适应降低所述自适应式微波探测器的灵敏度，从而以自适应降低所述自适应式微波探测器的灵敏度的方式自适应缩小所述自适应式微波探测器的有效探测距离。
  31. 根据权利要求30所述的自适应方法，其中在所述步骤(B)中，当所述多普勒信号存在波动时，自适应减小所述自适应式微波探测器的一放大模块的放大倍数或增益，从而自适应降低所述自适应式微波探测器的灵敏度。
  32. 根据权利要求31所述的自适应方法，其中在所述步骤(B)中，藉由一ALC控制电路或一AGC控制电路控制减小所述放大模块的放大倍数和增益。
  33. 根据权利要求30所述的自适应方法，其中在所述步骤(B)中，当所述多普勒信号存在波动时，衰减处理所述多普勒信号的输出，从而以自适应降低所述自适应式微波探测器的灵敏度的方式自适应缩小所述自适应式微波探测器的有效探测距离。
  34. 根据权利要求33所述的自适应方法，其中在所述步骤(B)中，藉由一控制单元输出一电平控制信号和以调整衰减电路的方式对所述多普勒信号进行减弱处理，从而使得所述多普勒信号衰减至稳定输出。
  35. 根据权利要求29所述的自适应方法，其中在所述步骤(B)中，当所述多普勒信号存在波动时，自适应提高所述自适应式微波探测器的一控制单元所设定的动作阀值，从而自适应调整所述自适应式微波探测器对所述多普勒信号的响应程度而改变有效探测距离。
  36. 根据权利要求29至35中任一所述的自适应方法，进一步包括步骤：(C)当所述多普勒信号存在规律性的波动时，通过软件滤波的方式滤除所述多普勒信号中的该波动。
  37. 根据权利要求29至35中任一所述的自适应方法，进一步包括步骤：(C)当所述多普勒信号的波动的频率固定时，通过硬件滤波电路、陷波电路或软件处理的方式滤除对应固定频率的所述多普勒信号。
  38. 根据权利要求29至35中任一所述的自适应方法，进一步包括步骤：(C)当所述多普勒信号存在不规律波动时，依所述多普勒信号的波动输出一背景信号，并在一工作时间段内，依所述工作时间段内的所述多普勒信号的波动与所述背景信号的差异输出一触发信号，则所述触发信号为活动物体的反馈。
  39. 根据权利要求29至35中任一所述的自适应方法，进一步包括步骤：(C)开始一工作时间段的计时，并在所述多普勒信号瞬间波动增大时，在相应瞬间自适应减小对所述多普勒信号的放大倍数，从而排除瞬变干扰。
  40. 根据权利要求29至35中任一所述的自适应方法，其中所述步骤(A)进一步包括以下步骤：
    (A1)发射一探测波束；和
    (A2)接收所述探测波束被反射而形成的一反射波，并基于所述反射波与所述探测波束之间特征参数的差异输出所述多普勒信号。
  41. 一自适应式微波探测器，其特征在于，包括：
    一振荡器，其中所述振荡器被设置为能够输出一激励信号；
    一天线回路，其中所述天线回路电性连接于所述振荡器，以能够被所述激励信号激励而发射与所述激励信号频率相同的至少一探测波束，并能够接收所述探测波束被反射而形成的一反射波；
    一混频检波模块，其中所述混频检波模块分别电性连接于所述振荡器和所述天线回路，以能够接收所述激励信号和依所述反射波所生成的反射波信号，并能够依所述激励信号和所述反射波信号之间特征参数的差异输出一多普勒信号；
    一信号处理单元，其中所述信号处理单元被设置为能够在一自适应时间段内依所述多普勒信号的波动自适应调整所述自适应式微波探测器的有效探测距离以排除自激干扰。
  42. 根据权利要求41所述的自适应式微波探测器，其中所述信号处理单元包括电连接于所述混频检波模块的一放大模块、以及电连接于所述放大模块的一控制电路，其中所述控制电路被设置为能够自适应降低所述放大模块的放大倍数或增益，其中当在所述自适应时间段内所述混频检波模块输出的所述多普勒信号存在波动时，所述控制电路自适应减小所述放大模块的放大倍数或增益，以自适应降低所述自适应式微波探测器的灵敏度，从而自适应调整所述自适应式微波探测器的所述有效探测距离。
  43. 根据权利要求42所述的自适应式微波探测器，其中所述控制电路被设置为一ALC控制电路或一AGC控制电路。
  44. 根据权利要求41所述的自适应式微波探测器，其中所述信号处理单元包括电连接于所述混频检波模块的一放大模块和电连接于所述放大模块的一控制单元，其中所述控制单元预设有一动作阀值，其中当在所述自适应时间段内所述混频检波模块输出的所述多普 勒信号存在波动时，所述控制单元依所述多普勒信号的波动自适应提高所述动作阀值，以自适应调整所述自适应式微波探测器对所述多普勒信号的响应程度而改变所述有效探测距离。
  45. 根据权利要求41所述的自适应式微波探测器，其中所述信号处理单元包括电连接于所述混频检波模块的一放大模块和电连接于所述放大模块的一控制单元，其中当在所述自适应时间段内所述混频检波模块所输出的所述多普勒信号存在波动时，所述控制单元对所述多普勒信号进行减弱处理，从而自适应缩小所述自适应式微波探测器的所述有效探测距离。
  46. 根据权利要求45所述的自适应式微波探测器，其中所述控制单元被设置有一中频输出衰减电路，其中所述中频输出衰减电路被设置为能够在所述自适应时间段内基于所述混频检波模块所输出的所述多普勒信号存在波动时减弱所述多普勒信号。
  47. 根据权利要求41至46中任一所述的自适应式微波探测器，进一步被设置有一滤波模块，其中所述滤波模块用于在一工作时间段内滤除所述混频检波模块所输出的有规律的或具有固定频率的所述多普勒信号。
  48. 根据权利要求47所述的自适应式微波探测器，其中所述滤波模块可以被设置为软件滤波、硬件滤波电路或陷波电路中的一种。
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