WO2021078255A1 - Anti-collapse petroleum casing pipe and manufacturing method therefor - Google Patents

Anti-collapse petroleum casing pipe and manufacturing method therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021078255A1
WO2021078255A1 PCT/CN2020/123283 CN2020123283W WO2021078255A1 WO 2021078255 A1 WO2021078255 A1 WO 2021078255A1 CN 2020123283 W CN2020123283 W CN 2020123283W WO 2021078255 A1 WO2021078255 A1 WO 2021078255A1
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collapse
casing pipe
oil casing
temperature
mass percentage
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PCT/CN2020/123283
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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董晓明
张忠铧
赵存耀
卢小庆
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宝山钢铁股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2021078255A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021078255A1/en

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    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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    • C21D6/00Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/004Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
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    • C21D8/00Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/10Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of tubular bodies
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    • C21D8/00Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/10Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of tubular bodies
    • C21D8/105Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of tubular bodies of ferrous alloys
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    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/08Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
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    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/08Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
    • C21D9/085Cooling or quenching
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    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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    • C22C38/001Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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    • C22C38/02Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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    • C22C38/04Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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    • C22C38/06Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/42Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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    • C22C38/46Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/48Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/50Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/54Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/002Bainite
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/005Ferrite
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/009Pearlite

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a steel pipe and a manufacturing method thereof, in particular to a petroleum casing pipe and a manufacturing method thereof.
  • Deep wells and ultra-deep wells are one of the more and more wells developed in the field of petroleum exploration and development in recent years.
  • high requirements are put forward on the strength of the pipe string materials.
  • ultra-deep pipe strings are used in oil and gas production, they must also withstand physical loads such as high temperature and high pressure.
  • the casing in the middle and deep parts of the Tarim Basin needs to adopt high collapse resistance. Therefore, the requirements for the strength of the casing are significantly increased.
  • the fracture toughness K IC of metal materials is an important material mechanical performance index in fracture mechanics.
  • fracture toughness is particularly important. Therefore, in order to ensure the safety of production and use, casings used in deep wells and ultra-deep wells have high requirements for strength and fracture toughness.
  • the publication number is CN101586450
  • the publication date is November 25, 2009
  • the Chinese patent document titled "Petroleum casing with high strength and high toughness and its manufacturing method” discloses a petroleum casing with high strength and high toughness. tube.
  • the chemical element composition is: C: 0.22 to 0.4%, Si: 0.17 to 0.35%, Mn: 0.45 to 0.60%, Cr: 0.95 to 1.10%, Mo: 0.70 to 0.80 %, Al: 0.015 ⁇ 0.040%, Ni ⁇ 0.20%, Cu ⁇ 0.20%, V: 0.070 ⁇ 0.100%, Ca>0.0015%, P ⁇ 0.010%, S ⁇ 0.003%, the balance is iron.
  • the strength of the steel grade reaches 1100 MPa, it does not give a specific index for the fracture toughness.
  • One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a collapse-resistant oil casing, which has ultra-high strength, ultra-high collapse strength and high fracture toughness, and can meet the requirements of oil well pipes in deep well and ultra-deep well oil and gas fields.
  • the strength, collapse resistance and fracture toughness requirements are provided.
  • the anti-collapse oil casing provided by the present invention has the following chemical element mass percentage:
  • the anti-collapse oil casing of the present invention adopts a low-carbon composition design, which reduces the formation of large-sized Cr 23 C 6 and Mo 2 C carbides, so that Cr and Mo elements exist in a solid solution form.
  • the solid solution strengthening effect of Cr and Mo and the precipitation strengthening effect of V, Nb, and Ti achieve good strength and fracture toughness.
  • the anti-collapse oil casing of the present invention adopts a low-manganese composition design to improve composition segregation, and prevent the occurrence of alloy-enriched composition segregation zones on the inner wall of the tube causing uneven local organization and carbide distribution.
  • B and Ti are added to improve the hardenability and the uniformity of the structure in the material to improve fracture Toughness and strength.
  • C is a carbide forming element, which can increase the strength of steel.
  • the mass percentage of C is less than 0.08%, the hardenability of the steel will be reduced, thereby reducing the strength of the steel.
  • the mass percentage of C is higher than 0.15%, the segregation of the steel will be significantly worsened, which will cause the steel The toughness is reduced.
  • the anti-collapse petroleum casing of the present invention controls the mass percentage of C to 0.08-0.15%. In some preferred embodiments, the mass percentage of C can be further controlled within 0.1-0.15%.
  • Si In the anti-collapse oil casing pipe of the present invention, Si is solid-dissolved in ferrite, which can increase the yield strength of steel, but the amount of Si added should not be too high, and Si with too high mass percentage will deteriorate the steel However, Si with a mass percentage of less than 0.1% will make the oil casing easy to oxidize. Based on this, the anti-collapse oil casing pipe of the present invention controls the mass percentage of Si within 0.10-0.40%.
  • Mn is an austenite-forming element, which can improve the hardenability of steel.
  • the mass percentage of Mn is less than 0.1%, the hardenability of the steel will be significantly reduced, thereby reducing the proportion of martensite in the steel after quenching, thereby reducing the strength of the steel; when the mass percentage of Mn is greater than 0.3%, the hardenability of the steel The structure segregation will increase significantly, which will reduce the fracture toughness of steel. Based on this, the anti-collapse oil casing pipe of the present invention controls the mass percentage of Mn within 0.1-0.3%.
  • Cr In the collapse-resistant petroleum casing pipe of the present invention, Cr is an element that significantly improves hardenability and a strong precipitate-forming element. During tempering precipitation, the precipitates can increase the strength of the steel, but if the mass percentage of Cr is higher than 1.5%, coarse M 23 C 6 precipitates are likely to precipitate on the grain boundaries, reducing the toughness. When the mass percentage of Cr is less than 1%, the hardenability will be insufficient and the quenching effect cannot be guaranteed. Based on this, the mass percentage of Cr in the anti-collapse oil casing pipe of the present invention is controlled to be 1-1.5%. In some preferred embodiments, the mass percentage of Cr can be further controlled within 1-1.4%.
  • Mo improves the strength and tempering stability of steel through carbide and solid solution strengthening forms. Since the mass percentage of carbon in this case is low, when the mass percentage of Mo is more than 1.5%, it is difficult for Mo to form more carbide precipitation phases with C, and the strength does not change significantly; and once the mass percentage of Mo is lower than At 1%, the strength of the anti-collapse oil casing pipe of the present invention cannot reach the requirement of 140 ksi. Therefore, the mass percentage of Mo in the anti-collapse oil casing pipe of the present invention is controlled at 1 to 1.5%. In some preferred embodiments, the mass percentage of Mo can be further controlled within 1-1.4%.
  • Nb is a fine-grained and precipitation-strengthening element in steel, which can compensate for the decrease in strength caused by the decrease in carbon content.
  • the mass percentage of Nb is less than 0.04%, its addition effect is not obvious.
  • the mass percentage of Nb is greater than 0.08%, it is easy to form coarse Nb(CN), thereby reducing the toughness of the steel.
  • the anti-collapse oil casing pipe of the present invention controls the mass percentage of Nb at 0.04-0.08%. In some preferred embodiments, the mass percentage of Nb can be further controlled within 0.06-0.08%.
  • V In the anti-collapse oil casing of the present invention, V is a typical precipitation strengthening element, which can compensate for the decrease in strength caused by carbon reduction.
  • the mass percentage of V is less than 0.15%, it is difficult to make the present invention The strength of the said anti-collapse oil casing reaches 140ksi. However, if the mass percentage of V is higher than 0.25%, coarse V(CN) is likely to be formed, thereby reducing toughness.
  • the anti-collapse oil casing pipe of the present invention controls the mass percentage of V at 0.15-0.25%. In some preferred embodiments, the mass percentage of V can be further controlled within 0.2-0.25%.
  • Ti is a strong carbonitride forming element, which can significantly refine the austenite grains in the steel, and can compensate for the strength caused by the decrease in carbon content decline. If the mass percentage of Ti>0.05%, it is easy to form coarse TiN, which will reduce the toughness of the material. If the mass percentage of Ti is less than 0.02%, Ti cannot fully react with N to form TiN, and B in the steel will react with N to form a brittle phase of BN, thereby reducing the toughness of the material. Based on this, the mass percentage of Ti in the anti-collapse oil casing pipe of the present invention is controlled at 0.02-0.05%. In some preferred embodiments, the mass percentage of Ti can be further controlled within 0.03-0.05%.
  • B In the anti-collapse oil casing pipe of the present invention, B is also an element that can significantly improve the hardenability of steel. In this case, since the mass percentage of C is low, the addition of B element can solve the problem of poor hardenability caused by the decrease in the mass percentage of C. However, when the mass percentage of B is less than 0.0015%, the effect of improving the hardenability of the steel is not significant; when the mass percentage of B is higher than 0.005%, BN brittle phases are easily formed, thereby reducing the toughness of the steel. Based on this, the mass percentage of B in the anti-collapse oil casing pipe of the present invention is controlled at 0.0015 to 0.005%. In some preferred embodiments, the mass percentage of B can be further controlled within 0.0015 to 0.004%.
  • Al In the anti-collapse oil casing pipe of the present invention, Al is a good deoxidation and nitrogen fixation element and can refine crystal grains. Therefore, the mass percentage of Al in the anti-collapse oil casing pipe of the present invention is controlled at 0.01-0.05%.
  • Ca In the anti-collapse oil casing of the present invention, Ca can purify molten steel, promote spheroidization of MnS, and improve fracture toughness, but when the content is too high, it is easy to form coarse non-metallic inclusions. Therefore, the present invention limits the mass percentage of Ca element in the thick-walled, high-strength and high-toughness petroleum casing to 0.002-0.004%.
  • the mass percentage of each chemical element also satisfies at least one of the following items:
  • V 0.2-0.25%
  • the mass percentages of Ca and S elements satisfy Ca/S ⁇ 2.
  • the microstructure is tempered sorbite.
  • Tempered sorbite is the formation of martensite after quenching the casing, which is then tempered to finally form tempered sorbite.
  • the collapse-resistant petroleum casing pipe of the present invention may also contain at least one of the following chemical elements: 0 ⁇ Ni ⁇ 0.2%, 0 ⁇ Cu ⁇ 0.2%, 0 ⁇ Re ⁇ 0.1%; Further improve the performance of oil casing.
  • the yield strength is 965-1173 MPa
  • the tensile strength is ⁇ 1034 MPa
  • the elongation rate is ⁇ 20%.
  • Fracture toughness K IC value ⁇ 150MPa ⁇ m 1/2
  • 0°C transverse Charpy impact energy ⁇ 120J ductile brittle transition temperature ⁇ -60°C
  • collapse resistance performance exceeds API standard by more than 25%.
  • the yield strength is 965 to 1173 MPa
  • the tensile strength is 1034 to 1241 MPa
  • the elongation is 20% to 30%
  • the fracture toughness K IC value is 150 to 260 MPa ⁇ m 1/2
  • the transverse Charpy impact energy at 0°C is 120 ⁇ 150J
  • the ductile-brittle transition temperature is -60 ⁇ -80°C
  • the collapse resistance performance exceeds the API standard by 25% ⁇ 65%.
  • another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned collapse-resistant petroleum casing, through which a petroleum casing with ultra-high strength, ultra-high collapse strength and high fracture toughness can be obtained. It can meet the requirements of strength, collapse resistance and fracture toughness for oil well pipes in deep well and ultra-deep well oil and gas fields.
  • the present invention proposes the above-mentioned anti-collapsed petroleum casing manufacturing method, which includes the steps:
  • Controlled cooling on-line water cooling, cooling rate of 15-25°C/s, cooling to 600-650°C, then air cooling to room temperature;
  • Quenching + tempering the quenching temperature is 900 ⁇ 950°C, the holding time is 30 ⁇ 60min; the tempering temperature is 650 ⁇ 700°C, and the holding time is 50 ⁇ 80min;
  • step (3) the final rolling temperature is controlled at 900-950°C, and the tension reduction temperature is At 850-900°C, it is helpful to refine the grain to improve the fracture toughness.
  • step (4) is set after step (3), by cooling the outer surface of the sleeve, and controlling the cooling rate to be 15-25°C/s, cooling to 600-650°C, so as to improve the strength and fracture of the material toughness.
  • the inventor of the present case found through a lot of research that in the prior art, because the controlled cooling process is not used in the rolling process, the casing is in a high temperature state during the rolling process. Therefore, the microstructure after the high temperature is cooled to the low temperature in the rolling process It is a mixed structure of one or more of ferrite + pearlite, bainite, and Widmanstatten structure, and the austenite grains are coarser, which makes the strength and impact toughness of the material lower.
  • the grain size is hereditary, and the material has coarse grains after the subsequent quenching and tempering heat treatment process, resulting in low toughness and plasticity.
  • the technical solution of the present invention adopts a controlled cooling process after rolling, which increases the degree of undercooling of the material and inhibits the formation of coarse ferrite+pearlite and upper bainite structure and Widmanstatten structure.
  • cooling to 600-650°C at a cooling rate of 15-25°C/s transforms the material structure into a finer bainite structure, refines the grains, improves the uniformity of the material composition, and significantly improves
  • the strength and toughness of the material are also conducive to improving the collapse resistance.
  • step (2) the round billet is soaked at 1260 to 1290°C, and then perforated after soaking, the perforation temperature is 1180 to 1240°C, so as to ensure that the casing has a good quality High temperature plasticity to reduce the incidence of defects.
  • step (1) the continuous casting drawing speed is controlled to be 1.6-2.0 m/min to improve the segregation of components in the tube blank.
  • the heat sizing temperature is 500-550° C. to improve the straightening effect and increase the straightness of the casing.
  • the collapse-resistant oil casing pipe and the manufacturing method thereof of the present invention have the following advantages and beneficial effects:
  • the collapse-resistant petroleum casing of the present invention has ultra-high strength and high fracture toughness, and its performance indicators meet at least one or all of the following items: the yield strength is 965-1173MPa, the tensile strength is ⁇ 1034MPa, Elongation ⁇ 20%, fracture toughness K IC value ⁇ 150MPa ⁇ m 1/2 , 0°C transverse Charpy impact energy ⁇ 120J, ductile brittle transition temperature ⁇ -60°C, collapse resistance performance exceeds API standards by more than 25%.
  • the yield strength is 965 to 1173 MPa
  • the tensile strength is 1034 to 1241 MPa
  • the elongation is 20% to 30%
  • the fracture toughness K IC value is 150 to 260 MPa ⁇ m 1/2
  • the transverse Charpy impact energy at 0°C is 120 ⁇ 150J
  • the ductile-brittle transition temperature is -60 ⁇ -80°C
  • the collapse resistance performance exceeds the API standard by 25% ⁇ 65%.
  • the manufacturing method of the present invention also has the advantages of simple operation, easy realization of large-scale production and manufacturing, and good economic benefits.
  • the anti-collapse oil casing pipes of Examples 1-5 and the comparative casing pipes of Comparative Examples 1-5 were prepared by the following steps:
  • step (2) Piercing: The round billet obtained in step (1) is soaked at 1260-1290°C, and then pierced after soaking, and the piercing temperature is 1180-1240°C.
  • Rolling control the final rolling temperature to 900-950°C, and perform tension reduction after the final rolling, and the temperature is 850-900°C.
  • Controlled cooling On-line water cooling is performed at a cooling rate of 15-25°C/s, cooling to 600-650°C, and then air cooling to room temperature.
  • Quenching + tempering the quenching temperature is 900 ⁇ 950°C, the holding time is 30 ⁇ 60min; the tempering temperature is 650 ⁇ 700°C, and the holding time is 50 ⁇ 80min.
  • Thermal sizing and thermal straightening The temperature of thermal sizing is 500 ⁇ 550°C.
  • Table 1 lists the mass percentage ratios of the chemical elements of the anti-collapse oil casings of Examples 1-5 and the comparative casings of Comparative Examples 1-4.
  • Table 2 lists the specific process parameters of the anti-collapse oil casing pipes of Examples 1-5 and the comparative casing pipes of Comparative Examples 1-4.
  • Table 3 lists the test results obtained according to the test standards of ASTM A370, ASTM E23, and ISO/TR10400 for the anti-collapse oil casing pipes of Examples 1-5 and the comparative casing pipes of Comparative Examples 1-4.
  • the C, Cr and Mo in the comparative example 1 are beyond the limits of this case, the B and Ti are not added in the comparative example 2, and the Mn, V, and Nb in the comparative example 3 exceed the limits in this case Range, so that at least one of the mechanical properties of the comparative casings of Comparative Examples 1-3 failed to meet the standards of high strength, high collapse resistance and high fracture toughness petroleum casing, and the overall performance was not as good as the collapse resistance of each embodiment of this case Destroy the oil casing.
  • Ca/S does not meet the requirements of Ca/S and the mass percentage of S elements meets Ca/S ⁇ 2. Therefore, the performance parameters of Comparative Example 4 are worse than those of Comparative Examples 1-3, but its overall performance is not as good as The collapse-resistant oil casing pipe of each embodiment of this case.
  • the collapse-resistant petroleum casing of the present invention has ultra-high strength and high fracture toughness, and its performance indicators meet all of the following items: the yield strength is 965-1173MPa, the tensile strength is ⁇ 1034MPa, Elongation ⁇ 20%, fracture toughness K IC value ⁇ 150MPa ⁇ m 1/2 , 0°C transverse Charpy impact energy ⁇ 120J, ductile brittle transition temperature ⁇ -60°C, collapse resistance performance exceeds API standards by more than 25%.
  • the manufacturing method of the present invention also has the advantages of simple operation, easy realization of large-scale production and manufacturing, and good economic benefits.

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Abstract

Disclosed is an anti-collapse petroleum casing pipe, comprising, in mass percent, the following chemical elements: 0.08-0.15% of C, 0.1-0.4% of Si, 0.1-0.3% of Mn, 1-1.5% of Cr, 1-1.5% of Mo, 0.04-0.08% of Nb, 0.15-0.25% of V, 0.02-0.05% of Ti, 0.0015-0.005% of B, 0.01-0.05% of Al, and 0.002-0.004% of Ca, with the balance being Fe and other inevitable impurities. In addition, also disclosed is a manufacturing method for the anti-collapse petroleum casing pipe, comprising the steps of: (1) smelting and continuous casting; (2) perforating; (3) rolling; (4) controlled cooling; (5) quenching + tempering; (6) hot sizing and hot straightening.

Description

一种抗挤毁石油套管及其制造方法Anti-collapse oil casing pipe and manufacturing method thereof 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及一种钢管及其制造方法,尤其涉及一种石油套管及其制造方法。The invention relates to a steel pipe and a manufacturing method thereof, in particular to a petroleum casing pipe and a manufacturing method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
深井、超深井是近年来石油勘探开发领域开发越来越多的井况之一,为了保证高温高压开采开发的安全性,对管柱材料的强度提出了很高的要求。油气开采在采用超深管柱的同时,还须承受高温,高压等物理载荷,例如:塔里木盆地中、深部巨厚高压盐层(高压地层)段套管需要采用较高的抗挤毁性能,因此,对于套管强度的要求显著提高。但提高强度的同时,材料的硬度会相应增大,材料的韧性,尤其是断裂韧性也会逐渐下降,并且材料对表面缺陷的敏感程度会进一步增大,使套管在井下的高压环境中发生裂纹拓展,从而导致失效。金属材料的断裂韧性K IC是断裂力学中重要的材料机械性能指标,对于服役于复杂环境工况的高强度管材来说,断裂韧性尤为重要。因此为了保证生产和使用的安全性,深井、超深井用的套管对强度和断裂韧性的要求都很高。 Deep wells and ultra-deep wells are one of the more and more wells developed in the field of petroleum exploration and development in recent years. In order to ensure the safety of high-temperature and high-pressure exploitation and development, high requirements are put forward on the strength of the pipe string materials. While ultra-deep pipe strings are used in oil and gas production, they must also withstand physical loads such as high temperature and high pressure. For example, the casing in the middle and deep parts of the Tarim Basin needs to adopt high collapse resistance. Therefore, the requirements for the strength of the casing are significantly increased. However, while increasing the strength, the hardness of the material will increase correspondingly, the toughness of the material, especially the fracture toughness will gradually decrease, and the sensitivity of the material to surface defects will further increase, making the casing happen in the high pressure environment downhole The crack expands, leading to failure. The fracture toughness K IC of metal materials is an important material mechanical performance index in fracture mechanics. For high-strength pipes serving in complex environmental conditions, fracture toughness is particularly important. Therefore, in order to ensure the safety of production and use, casings used in deep wells and ultra-deep wells have high requirements for strength and fracture toughness.
例如:公开号为CN101586450,公开日为2009年11月25日,名称为“具有高强度和高韧性石油套管及其制造方法”的中国专利文献公开了一种具有高强度和高韧性石油套管。在该专利文献所公开的技术方案中,其化学元素成分为:C:0.22~0.4%,Si:0.17~0.35%,Mn:0.45~0.60%,Cr:0.95~1.10%,Mo:0.70~0.80%,Al:0.015~0.040%,Ni<0.20%,Cu<0.20%,V:0.070~0.100%,Ca>0.0015%,P<0.010%,S<0.003%,余量为铁。需要指出的是,该专利文献所公开的技术方案中,钢种的强度虽然达到1100MPa,但是其对断裂韧性并未给出具体指标。For example: the publication number is CN101586450, the publication date is November 25, 2009, and the Chinese patent document titled "Petroleum casing with high strength and high toughness and its manufacturing method" discloses a petroleum casing with high strength and high toughness. tube. In the technical solution disclosed in this patent document, the chemical element composition is: C: 0.22 to 0.4%, Si: 0.17 to 0.35%, Mn: 0.45 to 0.60%, Cr: 0.95 to 1.10%, Mo: 0.70 to 0.80 %, Al: 0.015~0.040%, Ni<0.20%, Cu<0.20%, V: 0.070~0.100%, Ca>0.0015%, P<0.010%, S<0.003%, the balance is iron. It should be pointed out that in the technical solution disclosed in the patent document, although the strength of the steel grade reaches 1100 MPa, it does not give a specific index for the fracture toughness.
又例如:在公开号为CN106834970A,公开日为2017年6月13日,名称为“一种低合金超高强度钢及其制备无缝钢管的方法”的中国专利文献公开的技术方案中,钢种强度达到140ksi,但是其冲击韧性和断裂韧性很低,无法满 足深井环境对套管的韧性要求。Another example: in the technical solution disclosed in the Chinese patent document with the publication number CN106834970A, the publication date being June 13, 2017, and the title "a low-alloy ultra-high-strength steel and a method for preparing seamless steel pipes", the steel This kind of strength reaches 140ksi, but its impact toughness and fracture toughness are very low, which cannot meet the toughness requirements of the casing in the deep well environment.
再例如:公开号为CN101250671A,公开日为2008年8月27日,名称为“具有高强度和高韧性的石油套管及其制造方法”的中国专利文献公开了一种具有高强度和高韧性石油套管的钢种。在该专利文献所公开的技术方案中,钢种的横向冲击韧性只有80J,冲击韧性也较低。Another example: the publication number is CN101250671A, the publication date is August 27, 2008, and the Chinese patent document entitled "Petroleum casing with high strength and high toughness and its manufacturing method" discloses a kind of high strength and high toughness. The steel grade of oil casing. In the technical solution disclosed in this patent document, the transverse impact toughness of the steel grade is only 80J, and the impact toughness is also low.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的之一在于提供一种抗挤毁石油套管,该抗挤毁石油套管具有超高强度、超高抗挤强度和高断裂韧性,可以满足深井、超深井油气田对油井管提出的强度、抗挤毁和断裂韧性的要求。One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a collapse-resistant oil casing, which has ultra-high strength, ultra-high collapse strength and high fracture toughness, and can meet the requirements of oil well pipes in deep well and ultra-deep well oil and gas fields. The strength, collapse resistance and fracture toughness requirements.
为了实现上述目的,本发明提出的抗挤毁石油套管,其化学元素质量百分比为:In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the anti-collapse oil casing provided by the present invention has the following chemical element mass percentage:
C:0.08-0.15%、Si:0.1-0.4%、Mn:0.1-0.3%、Cr:1-1.5%、Mo:1-1.5%、Nb:0.04-0.08%、V:0.15-0.25%、Ti:0.02-0.05%、B:0.0015-0.005%、Al:0.01-0.05%、Ca:0.002-0.004%,余量为Fe和其他不可避免的杂质。C: 0.08-0.15%, Si: 0.1-0.4%, Mn: 0.1-0.3%, Cr: 1-1.5%, Mo: 1-1.5%, Nb: 0.04-0.08%, V: 0.15-0.25%, Ti : 0.02-0.05%, B: 0.0015-0.005%, Al: 0.01-0.05%, Ca: 0.002-0.004%, the balance is Fe and other unavoidable impurities.
本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管采用低碳的成分设计,减少了尺寸较大的Cr 23C 6以及Mo 2C碳化物的形成,使Cr和Mo元素以固溶的形式存在,利用Cr、Mo的固溶强化效果和V、Nb、Ti的析出强化效果来获得良好的强度和断裂韧性。 The anti-collapse oil casing of the present invention adopts a low-carbon composition design, which reduces the formation of large-sized Cr 23 C 6 and Mo 2 C carbides, so that Cr and Mo elements exist in a solid solution form. The solid solution strengthening effect of Cr and Mo and the precipitation strengthening effect of V, Nb, and Ti achieve good strength and fracture toughness.
此外,本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管采用低锰的成分设计改善成分偏析,防止在管体内壁因出现合金富集的成分偏析带而造成局部组织和碳化物分布不均的现象,从而提高材料的断裂韧性指标;同时,为了改善低碳成分体系淬透性不足导致淬火后马氏体比例低的问题,加入B和Ti提高淬透性,提高材料中的组织均匀性以改善断裂韧性和强度。In addition, the anti-collapse oil casing of the present invention adopts a low-manganese composition design to improve composition segregation, and prevent the occurrence of alloy-enriched composition segregation zones on the inner wall of the tube causing uneven local organization and carbide distribution. In order to improve the fracture toughness index of the material; at the same time, in order to improve the low carbon component system hardenability, the problem of low martensite ratio after quenching, B and Ti are added to improve the hardenability and the uniformity of the structure in the material to improve fracture Toughness and strength.
关于各个化学元素的设计原理具体如下所述:The design principles of each chemical element are as follows:
C:在本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管中,C为碳化物形成元素,其可以提高钢的强度。当C的质量百分比低于0.08%时,会使得钢的淬透性降低,从而降低钢的强度,然而,当C的质量百分比高于0.15%时,则会显著恶化钢的偏析,会造成钢的韧性降低。为了达到石油套管的高强度、高韧性的要求,本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管将C的质量百分比控制在0.08~0.15%。在一些优选 的实施方式中,C的质量百分比可以进一步控制在0.1-0.15%。C: In the anti-collapse oil casing pipe of the present invention, C is a carbide forming element, which can increase the strength of steel. When the mass percentage of C is less than 0.08%, the hardenability of the steel will be reduced, thereby reducing the strength of the steel. However, when the mass percentage of C is higher than 0.15%, the segregation of the steel will be significantly worsened, which will cause the steel The toughness is reduced. In order to meet the requirements of high strength and high toughness of the petroleum casing, the anti-collapse petroleum casing of the present invention controls the mass percentage of C to 0.08-0.15%. In some preferred embodiments, the mass percentage of C can be further controlled within 0.1-0.15%.
Si:在本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管中,Si固溶于铁素体,其可以提高钢的屈服强度,但是Si的添加量不宜过高,质量百分比太高的Si会恶化钢的加工性和韧性,然而质量百分比低于0.1%的Si会使得石油套管容易氧化。基于此,本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管将Si的质量百分比控制在0.10~0.40%。Si: In the anti-collapse oil casing pipe of the present invention, Si is solid-dissolved in ferrite, which can increase the yield strength of steel, but the amount of Si added should not be too high, and Si with too high mass percentage will deteriorate the steel However, Si with a mass percentage of less than 0.1% will make the oil casing easy to oxidize. Based on this, the anti-collapse oil casing pipe of the present invention controls the mass percentage of Si within 0.10-0.40%.
Mn:在本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管中,Mn为奥氏体的形成元素,其可以提高钢的淬透性。当Mn的质量百分比小于0.1%时,钢的淬透性会显著降低,从而降低淬火后钢中马氏体的比例,进而降低钢的强度;当Mn的质量百分比大于0.3%时,钢中的组织偏析又会显著增加,会降低钢的断裂韧性。基于此,本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管将Mn的质量百分比控制在0.1~0.3%。Mn: In the anti-collapse oil casing pipe of the present invention, Mn is an austenite-forming element, which can improve the hardenability of steel. When the mass percentage of Mn is less than 0.1%, the hardenability of the steel will be significantly reduced, thereby reducing the proportion of martensite in the steel after quenching, thereby reducing the strength of the steel; when the mass percentage of Mn is greater than 0.3%, the hardenability of the steel The structure segregation will increase significantly, which will reduce the fracture toughness of steel. Based on this, the anti-collapse oil casing pipe of the present invention controls the mass percentage of Mn within 0.1-0.3%.
Cr:在本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管中,Cr为显著提高淬透性的元素、强析出物形成元素。回火析出时,析出物可以提高钢的强度,但若Cr的质量百分比高于1.5%时容易在晶界析出粗大的M 23C 6析出物,降低韧性。而当Cr的质量百分比低于1%时,则会使得淬透性不足,无法保证淬火效果。基于此,在本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管中控制Cr的质量百分比在1-1.5%。在一些优选的实施方式中,Cr的质量百分比可以进一步控制在1-1.4%。 Cr: In the collapse-resistant petroleum casing pipe of the present invention, Cr is an element that significantly improves hardenability and a strong precipitate-forming element. During tempering precipitation, the precipitates can increase the strength of the steel, but if the mass percentage of Cr is higher than 1.5%, coarse M 23 C 6 precipitates are likely to precipitate on the grain boundaries, reducing the toughness. When the mass percentage of Cr is less than 1%, the hardenability will be insufficient and the quenching effect cannot be guaranteed. Based on this, the mass percentage of Cr in the anti-collapse oil casing pipe of the present invention is controlled to be 1-1.5%. In some preferred embodiments, the mass percentage of Cr can be further controlled within 1-1.4%.
Mo:在本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管中,Mo通过碳化物及固溶强化形式来提高钢的强度及回火稳定性。由于本案中的碳的质量百分比较低,因此,当添加Mo的质量百分比超过1.5%时,Mo难以与C形成更多的碳化物析出相,强度无显著变化;而一旦Mo的质量百分比低于1%时,则本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管的强度无法达到140ksi的要求。因此,本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管中将Mo的质量百分比控制在1~1.5%。在一些优选的实施方式中,Mo的质量百分比可以进一步控制在1-1.4%。Mo: In the anti-collapse oil casing pipe of the present invention, Mo improves the strength and tempering stability of steel through carbide and solid solution strengthening forms. Since the mass percentage of carbon in this case is low, when the mass percentage of Mo is more than 1.5%, it is difficult for Mo to form more carbide precipitation phases with C, and the strength does not change significantly; and once the mass percentage of Mo is lower than At 1%, the strength of the anti-collapse oil casing pipe of the present invention cannot reach the requirement of 140 ksi. Therefore, the mass percentage of Mo in the anti-collapse oil casing pipe of the present invention is controlled at 1 to 1.5%. In some preferred embodiments, the mass percentage of Mo can be further controlled within 1-1.4%.
Nb:在本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管中,Nb是钢中细晶和析出强化的元素,可弥补因碳含量降低而引起的强度下降。当Nb的质量百分比小于0.04%时,其添加作用并不明显,当Nb的质量百分比大于0.08%时,其则容易形成粗大的Nb(CN),从而降低钢的韧性。基于此,本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管将Nb的质量百分比控制在0.04~0.08%。在一些优选的实施方式中,Nb的质量百分比可以进一步控制在0.06-0.08%。Nb: In the anti-collapse oil casing pipe of the present invention, Nb is a fine-grained and precipitation-strengthening element in steel, which can compensate for the decrease in strength caused by the decrease in carbon content. When the mass percentage of Nb is less than 0.04%, its addition effect is not obvious. When the mass percentage of Nb is greater than 0.08%, it is easy to form coarse Nb(CN), thereby reducing the toughness of the steel. Based on this, the anti-collapse oil casing pipe of the present invention controls the mass percentage of Nb at 0.04-0.08%. In some preferred embodiments, the mass percentage of Nb can be further controlled within 0.06-0.08%.
V:在本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管中,V是典型的析出强化元素,可弥 补因碳降低而引起的强度的下降,V的质量百分比小于0.15%时,难以使得本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管的强度达到140ksi。但若V的质量百分比高于0.25%时,则容易形成粗大的V(CN),从而降低韧性。基于此,本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管将V的质量百分比控制在0.15~0.25%。在一些优选的实施方式中,V的质量百分比可以进一步控制在0.2-0.25%。V: In the anti-collapse oil casing of the present invention, V is a typical precipitation strengthening element, which can compensate for the decrease in strength caused by carbon reduction. When the mass percentage of V is less than 0.15%, it is difficult to make the present invention The strength of the said anti-collapse oil casing reaches 140ksi. However, if the mass percentage of V is higher than 0.25%, coarse V(CN) is likely to be formed, thereby reducing toughness. Based on this, the anti-collapse oil casing pipe of the present invention controls the mass percentage of V at 0.15-0.25%. In some preferred embodiments, the mass percentage of V can be further controlled within 0.2-0.25%.
Ti:在本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管中,Ti是强碳氮化物的形成元素,其能够显著地细化钢中奥氏体晶粒,可以弥补因碳含量降低而引起的强度下降。若Ti的质量百分比>0.05%,容易形成粗大的TiN,这样会降低材料的韧性。而若Ti的质量百分比<0.02%,Ti则不能充分地与N反应形成TiN,钢中的B就会与N反应形成BN的脆性相,从而降低材料的韧性。基于此,在本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管中将Ti的质量百分比控制在0.02~0.05%。在一些优选的实施方式中,Ti的质量百分比可以进一步控制在0.03-0.05%。Ti: In the anti-collapse oil casing pipe of the present invention, Ti is a strong carbonitride forming element, which can significantly refine the austenite grains in the steel, and can compensate for the strength caused by the decrease in carbon content decline. If the mass percentage of Ti>0.05%, it is easy to form coarse TiN, which will reduce the toughness of the material. If the mass percentage of Ti is less than 0.02%, Ti cannot fully react with N to form TiN, and B in the steel will react with N to form a brittle phase of BN, thereby reducing the toughness of the material. Based on this, the mass percentage of Ti in the anti-collapse oil casing pipe of the present invention is controlled at 0.02-0.05%. In some preferred embodiments, the mass percentage of Ti can be further controlled within 0.03-0.05%.
B:在本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管中,B也是可以显著提高钢的淬透性的元素。在本案中,由于C的质量百分比较低,因而,添加B元素可以解决因C的质量百分比降低而带来的淬透性差的问题。然而,当B的质量百分比低于0.0015%时,提高钢的淬透性的作用并不显著;当B的质量百分比高于0.005%时,则易于形成BN脆性相,从而降低钢的韧性。基于此,在本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管中将B的质量百分比控制在0.0015~0.005%。在一些优选的实施方式中,B的质量百分比可以进一步控制在0.0015-0.004%。B: In the anti-collapse oil casing pipe of the present invention, B is also an element that can significantly improve the hardenability of steel. In this case, since the mass percentage of C is low, the addition of B element can solve the problem of poor hardenability caused by the decrease in the mass percentage of C. However, when the mass percentage of B is less than 0.0015%, the effect of improving the hardenability of the steel is not significant; when the mass percentage of B is higher than 0.005%, BN brittle phases are easily formed, thereby reducing the toughness of the steel. Based on this, the mass percentage of B in the anti-collapse oil casing pipe of the present invention is controlled at 0.0015 to 0.005%. In some preferred embodiments, the mass percentage of B can be further controlled within 0.0015 to 0.004%.
Al:在本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管中,Al是良好的脱氧固氮元素,能细化晶粒。因此,本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管中将Al的质量百分比控制在0.01~0.05%。Al: In the anti-collapse oil casing pipe of the present invention, Al is a good deoxidation and nitrogen fixation element and can refine crystal grains. Therefore, the mass percentage of Al in the anti-collapse oil casing pipe of the present invention is controlled at 0.01-0.05%.
Ca:在本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管中,Ca可以净化钢液,促使MnS球化,提高断裂韧性,但含量过高时易形成粗大的非金属夹杂物。因此,本发明将厚壁高强高韧石油套管中的Ca元素的质量百分比限定在0.002-0.004%。Ca: In the anti-collapse oil casing of the present invention, Ca can purify molten steel, promote spheroidization of MnS, and improve fracture toughness, but when the content is too high, it is easy to form coarse non-metallic inclusions. Therefore, the present invention limits the mass percentage of Ca element in the thick-walled, high-strength and high-toughness petroleum casing to 0.002-0.004%.
进一步地,在本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管,其各化学元素质量百分比还满足下列各项的至少其中之一:Further, in the anti-collapse oil casing pipe of the present invention, the mass percentage of each chemical element also satisfies at least one of the following items:
C:0.1-0.15%;C: 0.1-0.15%;
Cr:1-1.4%;Cr: 1-1.4%;
Mo:1-1.4%;Mo: 1-1.4%;
Nb:0.06-0.08%;Nb: 0.06-0.08%;
V:0.2-0.25%;V: 0.2-0.25%;
Ti:0.03-0.05%;Ti: 0.03-0.05%;
B:0.0015-0.004%。B: 0.0015 to 0.004%.
进一步地,在本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管中,在所述其他不可避免的杂质中:S≤0.003%。Further, in the anti-collapse oil casing pipe of the present invention, among the other unavoidable impurities: S≤0.003%.
进一步地,在本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管中,其中Ca和S元素的质量百分含量满足Ca/S≥2。Further, in the collapse-resistant oil casing pipe of the present invention, the mass percentages of Ca and S elements satisfy Ca/S≥2.
进一步地,在本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管中,在所述其他不可避免的杂质中:N≤0.008%,并且/或者P≤0.015%。Further, in the collapse-resistant oil casing pipe of the present invention, among the other unavoidable impurities: N≤0.008%, and/or P≤0.015%.
进一步地,在本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管中,其微观组织为回火索氏体。回火索氏体是套管经过淬火后形成马氏体,再进行回火,最终形成回火索氏体。Further, in the anti-collapse oil casing pipe of the present invention, the microstructure is tempered sorbite. Tempered sorbite is the formation of martensite after quenching the casing, which is then tempered to finally form tempered sorbite.
进一步地,本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管还可以含有下述各化学元素的至少其中之一:0<Ni≤0.2%、0<Cu≤0.2%,0<Re≤0.1%;以进一步提高石油套管的性能。Furthermore, the collapse-resistant petroleum casing pipe of the present invention may also contain at least one of the following chemical elements: 0<Ni≤0.2%, 0<Cu≤0.2%, 0<Re≤0.1%; Further improve the performance of oil casing.
进一步地,在本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管中,其性能指标满足下列各项的至少其中之一或全部:屈服强度为965~1173MPa,抗拉强度≥1034MPa,延伸率≥20%,断裂韧性K IC值≥150MPa·m 1/2,0℃横向夏比冲击功≥120J,韧脆转变温度≤-60℃,抗挤毁性能超出API标准25%以上。具体地,屈服强度为965~1173MPa,抗拉强度为1034~1241MPa,延伸率为20%~30%,断裂韧性K IC值为150~260MPa·m 1/2,0℃横向夏比冲击功为120~150J,韧脆转变温度为-60~-80℃,抗挤毁性能超出API标准25%~65%。 Further, in the collapse-resistant petroleum casing pipe of the present invention, its performance indicators meet at least one or all of the following items: the yield strength is 965-1173 MPa, the tensile strength is ≥ 1034 MPa, and the elongation rate is ≥ 20%. , Fracture toughness K IC value ≥150MPa·m 1/2 , 0°C transverse Charpy impact energy ≥120J, ductile brittle transition temperature ≤-60°C, collapse resistance performance exceeds API standard by more than 25%. Specifically, the yield strength is 965 to 1173 MPa, the tensile strength is 1034 to 1241 MPa, the elongation is 20% to 30%, the fracture toughness K IC value is 150 to 260 MPa·m 1/2 , and the transverse Charpy impact energy at 0°C is 120~150J, the ductile-brittle transition temperature is -60~-80℃, the collapse resistance performance exceeds the API standard by 25%~65%.
相应地,本发明的另一目的在于提供一种上述的抗挤毁石油套管的制造方法,通过该制造方法可以获得具有超高强度、超高抗挤强度和高断裂韧性的石油套管,从而可以满足深井、超深井油气田对油井管提出的强度、抗挤毁和断裂韧性的要求。Correspondingly, another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned collapse-resistant petroleum casing, through which a petroleum casing with ultra-high strength, ultra-high collapse strength and high fracture toughness can be obtained. It can meet the requirements of strength, collapse resistance and fracture toughness for oil well pipes in deep well and ultra-deep well oil and gas fields.
为了实现上述目的,本发明提出了上述的抗挤毁石油套管的制造方法,其包括步骤:In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention proposes the above-mentioned anti-collapsed petroleum casing manufacturing method, which includes the steps:
(1)冶炼和连铸;(1) Smelting and continuous casting;
(2)穿孔;(2) Perforation;
(3)轧制:控制终轧温度为900~950℃,终轧后进行张力减径,温度为850~900℃;(3) Rolling: control the final rolling temperature to 900~950℃, and perform tension reduction after finishing rolling, the temperature is 850~900℃;
(4)控制冷却:进行在线水冷,冷却速度为15~25℃/s,冷却至600-650℃,然后空冷至室温;(4) Controlled cooling: on-line water cooling, cooling rate of 15-25℃/s, cooling to 600-650℃, then air cooling to room temperature;
(5)淬火+回火:其中淬火温度为900~950℃,保温时间为30~60min;回火温度为650~700℃,保温时间为50~80min;(5) Quenching + tempering: the quenching temperature is 900~950℃, the holding time is 30~60min; the tempering temperature is 650~700℃, and the holding time is 50~80min;
(6)热定径和热矫直。(6) Thermal sizing and thermal straightening.
在本发明所述的制造方法中,考虑到本案的钢种为低碳钢种,高温变形抗力较小,因此,在步骤(3)中控制终轧温度在900~950℃,张力减径温度在850-900℃,以有利于细化晶粒提高断裂韧性。In the manufacturing method of the present invention, considering that the steel type in this case is a low-carbon steel type, the high temperature deformation resistance is small, therefore, in step (3), the final rolling temperature is controlled at 900-950°C, and the tension reduction temperature is At 850-900℃, it is helpful to refine the grain to improve the fracture toughness.
此外,在步骤(3)后设置步骤(4),通过对套管外表面进行冷却,且控制冷却速度为15~25℃/s,冷却至600-650℃,从而可以改善材料的强度和断裂韧性。本案发明人通过大量研究发现,现有技术中由于轧制过程未采用控冷工艺,导致套管在轧制过程中处于高温状态,由此,在轧制工序中高温向低温冷却后的微观组织为铁素体+珠光体、贝氏体、魏氏组织中的一种或多种的混合组织,而奥氏体晶粒较粗大,使得材料的强度和冲击韧性均较低。而且,晶粒尺寸具备遗传性,材料经过后续的调质热处理工序后晶粒粗大,导致韧性和塑性较低。而本发明所述的技术方案则采用轧后控冷工艺,增加了材料的过冷度,抑制了粗大的铁素体+珠光体和上贝氏体组织以及魏氏组织的形成。并且,以15-25℃/s的冷速冷却至600-650℃,使材料组织转变为较细的贝氏体组织,细化了晶粒,改善了材料成分的均匀性,从而显著提高了材料的强度和韧性,也有利于改善抗挤毁性能。In addition, step (4) is set after step (3), by cooling the outer surface of the sleeve, and controlling the cooling rate to be 15-25°C/s, cooling to 600-650°C, so as to improve the strength and fracture of the material toughness. The inventor of the present case found through a lot of research that in the prior art, because the controlled cooling process is not used in the rolling process, the casing is in a high temperature state during the rolling process. Therefore, the microstructure after the high temperature is cooled to the low temperature in the rolling process It is a mixed structure of one or more of ferrite + pearlite, bainite, and Widmanstatten structure, and the austenite grains are coarser, which makes the strength and impact toughness of the material lower. Moreover, the grain size is hereditary, and the material has coarse grains after the subsequent quenching and tempering heat treatment process, resulting in low toughness and plasticity. The technical solution of the present invention adopts a controlled cooling process after rolling, which increases the degree of undercooling of the material and inhibits the formation of coarse ferrite+pearlite and upper bainite structure and Widmanstatten structure. In addition, cooling to 600-650°C at a cooling rate of 15-25°C/s transforms the material structure into a finer bainite structure, refines the grains, improves the uniformity of the material composition, and significantly improves The strength and toughness of the material are also conducive to improving the collapse resistance.
进一步地,在本发明所述的制造方法中,在步骤(2)中,圆坯在1260~1290℃下均热,均热后穿孔,穿孔温度为1180~1240℃,从而保证套管具有良好的高温塑性,以降低缺陷发生率。Further, in the manufacturing method of the present invention, in step (2), the round billet is soaked at 1260 to 1290°C, and then perforated after soaking, the perforation temperature is 1180 to 1240°C, so as to ensure that the casing has a good quality High temperature plasticity to reduce the incidence of defects.
进一步地,在本发明所述的制造方法中,在步骤(1)中,控制连铸拉速为1.6~2.0m/min,以改善管坯中的成分偏析。Further, in the manufacturing method of the present invention, in step (1), the continuous casting drawing speed is controlled to be 1.6-2.0 m/min to improve the segregation of components in the tube blank.
进一步地,在本发明所述的制造方法中,在步骤(6)中,热定径温度为500~550℃,以改善矫直效果,提高套管直度。Further, in the manufacturing method of the present invention, in step (6), the heat sizing temperature is 500-550° C. to improve the straightening effect and increase the straightness of the casing.
本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管及其制造方法相较于现有技术具有如下所 述的优点以及有益效果:Compared with the prior art, the collapse-resistant oil casing pipe and the manufacturing method thereof of the present invention have the following advantages and beneficial effects:
本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管具有超高强度和较高的断裂韧性,其性能指标满足下列各项的至少其中之一或全部:屈服强度为965~1173MPa,抗拉强度≥1034MPa,延伸率≥20%,断裂韧性K IC值≥150MPa·m 1/2,0℃横向夏比冲击功≥120J,韧脆转变温度≤-60℃,抗挤毁性能超出API标准25%以上。具体地,屈服强度为965~1173MPa,抗拉强度为1034~1241MPa,延伸率为20%~30%,断裂韧性K IC值为150~260MPa·m 1/2,0℃横向夏比冲击功为120~150J,韧脆转变温度为-60~-80℃,抗挤毁性能超出API标准25%~65%。 The collapse-resistant petroleum casing of the present invention has ultra-high strength and high fracture toughness, and its performance indicators meet at least one or all of the following items: the yield strength is 965-1173MPa, the tensile strength is ≥1034MPa, Elongation ≥20%, fracture toughness K IC value ≥150MPa·m 1/2 , 0°C transverse Charpy impact energy ≥120J, ductile brittle transition temperature ≤-60°C, collapse resistance performance exceeds API standards by more than 25%. Specifically, the yield strength is 965 to 1173 MPa, the tensile strength is 1034 to 1241 MPa, the elongation is 20% to 30%, the fracture toughness K IC value is 150 to 260 MPa·m 1/2 , and the transverse Charpy impact energy at 0°C is 120~150J, the ductile-brittle transition temperature is -60~-80℃, the collapse resistance performance exceeds the API standard by 25%~65%.
此外,本发明所述的制造方法除了同样具有上述优点以及有益效果外,其还具有操作简单,易于实现大规模的生产制造,以及良好的经济效益的优点。In addition, in addition to the above-mentioned advantages and beneficial effects, the manufacturing method of the present invention also has the advantages of simple operation, easy realization of large-scale production and manufacturing, and good economic benefits.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合具体的实施例对本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管及其制造方法做进一步的解释和说明,然而该解释和说明并不对本发明的技术方案构成不当限定。The following will further explain and describe the collapse-resistant oil casing and the manufacturing method of the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiments, but the explanation and description do not improperly limit the technical solution of the present invention.
实施例1-5以及对比例1-5Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-5
实施例1-5的抗挤毁石油套管以及对比例1-5的对比套管采用以下步骤制得:The anti-collapse oil casing pipes of Examples 1-5 and the comparative casing pipes of Comparative Examples 1-5 were prepared by the following steps:
(1)按照表1所列的成分进行冶炼和连铸,控制连铸拉速为1.6~2.0m/min。(1) Smelting and continuous casting are carried out in accordance with the ingredients listed in Table 1, and the continuous casting speed is controlled to be 1.6~2.0m/min.
(2)穿孔:将步骤(1)得到的圆坯在1260~1290℃下均热,均热后穿孔,穿孔温度为1180~1240℃。(2) Piercing: The round billet obtained in step (1) is soaked at 1260-1290°C, and then pierced after soaking, and the piercing temperature is 1180-1240°C.
(3)轧制:控制终轧温度为900~950℃,终轧后进行张力减径,温度为850~900℃。(3) Rolling: control the final rolling temperature to 900-950°C, and perform tension reduction after the final rolling, and the temperature is 850-900°C.
(4)控制冷却:进行在线水冷,冷却速度为15~25℃/s,冷却至600-650℃,然后空冷至室温。(4) Controlled cooling: On-line water cooling is performed at a cooling rate of 15-25°C/s, cooling to 600-650°C, and then air cooling to room temperature.
(5)淬火+回火:其中淬火温度为900~950℃,保温时间为30~60min;回火温度为650~700℃,保温时间为50~80min。(5) Quenching + tempering: the quenching temperature is 900~950℃, the holding time is 30~60min; the tempering temperature is 650~700℃, and the holding time is 50~80min.
(6)热定径和热矫直:热定径温度为500~550℃。(6) Thermal sizing and thermal straightening: The temperature of thermal sizing is 500~550℃.
表1列出了实施例1-5的抗挤毁石油套管以及对比例1-4的对比套管的各化学元素的质量百分配比。Table 1 lists the mass percentage ratios of the chemical elements of the anti-collapse oil casings of Examples 1-5 and the comparative casings of Comparative Examples 1-4.
表1.(wt%,余量为Fe和除了P、S以及N以外的其他不可避免的杂质)Table 1. (wt%, the balance is Fe and other unavoidable impurities except P, S and N)
序号Serial number CC SiSi MnMn CrCr MoMo NbNb TiTi BB AlAl NN VV CaCa SS Ca/SCa/S
实施例1Example 1 0.080.08 0.20.2 0.10.1 11 11 0.040.04 0.020.02 0.00150.0015 0.010.01 0.0040.004 0.150.15 0.0020.002 0.00070.0007 2.92.9
实施例2Example 2 0.110.11 0.10.1 0.20.2 1.11.1 1.11.1 0.050.05 0.0250.025 0.0020.002 0.040.04 0.0050.005 0.180.18 0.0030.003 0.0010.001 3.03.0
实施例3Example 3 0.130.13 0.30.3 0.30.3 1.21.2 1.21.2 0.060.06 0.040.04 0.0030.003 0.050.05 0.0060.006 0.200.20 0.0040.004 0.00110.0011 3.63.6
实施例4Example 4 0.150.15 0.40.4 0.20.2 1.41.4 1.41.4 0.070.07 0.040.04 0.0040.004 0.030.03 0.0070.007 0.220.22 0.00250.0025 0.00080.0008 3.13.1
实施例5Example 5 0.130.13 0.250.25 0.10.1 1.51.5 1.51.5 0.080.08 0.050.05 0.0050.005 0.020.02 0.0080.008 0.250.25 0.00350.0035 0.00090.0009 3.93.9
对比例1Comparative example 1 0.250.25 0.260.26 0.10.1 0.50.5 0.60.6 0.040.04 0.020.02 0.00150.0015 0.010.01 0.0040.004 0.150.15 0.0020.002 0.00070.0007 2.92.9
对比例2Comparative example 2 0.150.15 0.330.33 0.20.2 1.11.1 1.11.1 0.050.05 -- -- 0.040.04 0.0050.005 0.180.18 0.0030.003 0.0010.001 3.03.0
对比例3Comparative example 3 0.130.13 0.30.3 11 1.41.4 1.41.4 0.020.02 0.040.04 0.0040.004 0.030.03 0.0070.007 0.100.10 0.00250.0025 0.00080.0008 3.13.1
对比例4Comparative example 4 0.130.13 0.30.3 0.10.1 1.51.5 1.51.5 0.080.08 0.050.05 0.0050.005 0.020.02 0.0080.008 0.250.25 0.00050.0005 0.00100.0010 0.50.5
表2列出了实施例1-5的抗挤毁石油套管以及对比例1-4的对比套管的具体工艺参数。Table 2 lists the specific process parameters of the anti-collapse oil casing pipes of Examples 1-5 and the comparative casing pipes of Comparative Examples 1-4.
表2.Table 2.
Figure PCTCN2020123283-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2020123283-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2020123283-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2020123283-appb-000002
表3列出了实施例1-5的抗挤毁石油套管以及对比例1-4的对比套管根据ASTM A370、ASTM E23、ISO/TR10400的测试标准得到的测试结果。Table 3 lists the test results obtained according to the test standards of ASTM A370, ASTM E23, and ISO/TR10400 for the anti-collapse oil casing pipes of Examples 1-5 and the comparative casing pipes of Comparative Examples 1-4.
表3.table 3.
Figure PCTCN2020123283-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2020123283-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2020123283-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2020123283-appb-000004
由表3可以看出,本案各实施例的性能满足下列各项全部:屈服强度为1030~1150MPa,抗拉强度≥1090MPa,延伸率≥22%,断裂韧性K IC值≥205MPa·m 1/2,0℃横向夏比冲击功≥126J,韧脆转变温度≤-60℃,抗挤毁性能超出API标准40%以上,由此说明本案各实施例非常适合制成深井、超深井开采用的石油管。 It can be seen from Table 3 that the performance of each embodiment of this case satisfies all of the following items: yield strength is 1030-1150MPa, tensile strength ≥1090MPa, elongation ≥22%, fracture toughness K IC value ≥205MPa·m 1/2 , 0°C transverse Charpy impact energy ≥126J, ductile-brittle transition temperature ≤-60°C, and collapse resistance performance exceeds the API standard by more than 40%, which shows that the examples of this case are very suitable for making deep and ultra-deep wells. tube.
而反观对比例,对比例1中的C、Cr和Mo,超出了本案所限定的范围,对比例2中未添加B和Ti,对比例3中的Mn、V、Nb超出了本案所限定的范围,使得对比例1-3的对比套管的至少一项力学性能未能达到高强度、高抗挤毁且高断裂韧性石油套管的标准,且综合表现均不如本案各个实施例的抗挤毁石油套管。而对比例4中Ca/S不满足Ca和S元素的质量百分含量满足Ca/S≥2,因此,对比例4的性能参数相较于对比例1-3较好,但是其综合表现不如本案各个实施例的抗挤毁石油套管。On the other hand, in the comparative example, the C, Cr and Mo in the comparative example 1 are beyond the limits of this case, the B and Ti are not added in the comparative example 2, and the Mn, V, and Nb in the comparative example 3 exceed the limits in this case Range, so that at least one of the mechanical properties of the comparative casings of Comparative Examples 1-3 failed to meet the standards of high strength, high collapse resistance and high fracture toughness petroleum casing, and the overall performance was not as good as the collapse resistance of each embodiment of this case Destroy the oil casing. In Comparative Example 4, Ca/S does not meet the requirements of Ca/S and the mass percentage of S elements meets Ca/S≥2. Therefore, the performance parameters of Comparative Example 4 are worse than those of Comparative Examples 1-3, but its overall performance is not as good as The collapse-resistant oil casing pipe of each embodiment of this case.
综上所述,本发明所述的抗挤毁石油套管具有超高强度和较高的断裂韧性,其性能指标满足下列各项的全部:屈服强度为965~1173MPa,抗拉强度≥1034MPa,延伸率≥20%,断裂韧性K IC值≥150MPa·m 1/2,0℃横向夏比冲击功≥120J,韧脆转变温度≤-60℃,抗挤毁性能超出API标准25%以上。 In summary, the collapse-resistant petroleum casing of the present invention has ultra-high strength and high fracture toughness, and its performance indicators meet all of the following items: the yield strength is 965-1173MPa, the tensile strength is ≥1034MPa, Elongation ≥20%, fracture toughness K IC value ≥150MPa·m 1/2 , 0°C transverse Charpy impact energy ≥120J, ductile brittle transition temperature ≤-60°C, collapse resistance performance exceeds API standards by more than 25%.
此外,本发明所述的制造方法除了同样具有上述优点以及有益效果外,其还具有操作简单,易于实现大规模的生产制造,以及良好的经济效益的优点。In addition, in addition to the above-mentioned advantages and beneficial effects, the manufacturing method of the present invention also has the advantages of simple operation, easy realization of large-scale production and manufacturing, and good economic benefits.
需要说明的是,本发明的保护范围中现有技术部分并不局限于本申请文件所给出的实施例,所有不与本发明的方案相矛盾的现有技术,包括但不局限于在先专利文献、在先公开出版物,在先公开使用等等,都可纳入本发明的保护范围。It should be noted that the prior art part of the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments given in this application document, and all prior art that does not contradict the solution of the present invention includes but is not limited to the previous Patent documents, prior publications, prior publications, etc., can all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
此外,本案中各技术特征的组合方式并不限本案权利要求中所记载的组合方式或是具体实施例所记载的组合方式,本案记载的所有技术特征可以以任何方式进行自由组合或结合,除非相互之间产生矛盾。In addition, the combination of various technical features in this case is not limited to the combination described in the claims of this case or the combination described in the specific embodiments. All technical features described in this case can be freely combined or combined in any way, unless Contradictions arise between each other.
还需要注意的是,以上所列举的实施例仅为本发明的具体实施例。显然本发明不局限于以上实施例,随之做出的类似变化或变形是本领域技术人员能从本发明公开的内容直接得出或者很容易便联想到的,均应属于本发明的保护范围。It should also be noted that the embodiments listed above are only specific embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the subsequent similar changes or modifications are those skilled in the art can directly derive or easily associate from the disclosure of the present invention, and they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. .

Claims (12)

  1. 一种抗挤毁石油套管,其特征在于,其化学元素质量百分比为:An anti-collapse oil casing pipe, characterized in that its chemical element mass percentage is:
    C:0.08-0.15%、Si:0.1-0.4%、Mn:0.1-0.3%、Cr:1-1.5%、Mo:1-1.5%、Nb:0.04-0.08%、V:0.15-0.25%、Ti:0.02-0.05%、B:0.0015-0.005%、Al:0.01-0.05%、Ca:0.002-0.004%,余量为Fe和其他不可避免的杂质。C: 0.08-0.15%, Si: 0.1-0.4%, Mn: 0.1-0.3%, Cr: 1-1.5%, Mo: 1-1.5%, Nb: 0.04-0.08%, V: 0.15-0.25%, Ti : 0.02-0.05%, B: 0.0015-0.005%, Al: 0.01-0.05%, Ca: 0.002-0.004%, the balance is Fe and other unavoidable impurities.
  2. 如权利要求1所述的抗挤毁石油套管,其特征在于,其各化学元素质量百分比还满足下列各项的至少其中之一:The collapse-resistant oil casing pipe of claim 1, wherein the mass percentage of each chemical element also satisfies at least one of the following items:
    C:0.1-0.15%;C: 0.1-0.15%;
    Cr:1-1.4%;Cr: 1-1.4%;
    Mo:1-1.4%;Mo: 1-1.4%;
    Nb:0.06-0.08%;Nb: 0.06-0.08%;
    V:0.2-0.25%;V: 0.2-0.25%;
    Ti:0.03-0.05%;Ti: 0.03-0.05%;
    B:0.0015-0.004%。B: 0.0015 to 0.004%.
  3. 如权利要求1所述的抗挤毁石油套管,其特征在于,在所述其他不可避免的杂质中:S≤0.003%。The collapse-resistant oil casing pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that, among the other unavoidable impurities: S≤0.003%.
  4. 如权利要求3所述的抗挤毁石油套管,其特征在于,其中Ca和S元素的质量百分含量满足Ca/S≥2。The collapse-resistant oil casing pipe of claim 3, wherein the mass percentage content of Ca and S elements satisfies Ca/S≥2.
  5. 如权利要求1所述的抗挤毁石油套管,其特征在于,在所述其他不可避免的杂质中:N≤0.008%,并且/或者P≤0.015%。The collapse-resistant petroleum casing pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that, among the other unavoidable impurities: N≤0.008%, and/or P≤0.015%.
  6. 如权利要求1所述的抗挤毁石油套管,其特征在于,其还含有下述各化学元素的至少其中之一:0<Ni≤0.2%、0<Cu≤0.2%,0<Re≤0.1%。The anti-collapse oil casing pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that it also contains at least one of the following chemical elements: 0<Ni≤0.2%, 0<Cu≤0.2%, 0<Re≤ 0.1%.
  7. 如权利要求1所述的抗挤毁石油套管,其特征在于,所述抗挤毁石油套管的微观组织为回火索氏体。The collapse-resistant oil casing pipe of claim 1, wherein the microstructure of the collapse-resistant oil casing pipe is tempered sorbite.
  8. 如权利要求1-7中任意一项所述的抗挤毁石油套管,其特征在于,其性能指标满足下列各项的至少其中之一:屈服强度为965~1173MPa,抗拉强度≥1034MPa,延伸率≥20%,断裂韧性K IC值≥150MPa .m 1/2,0℃横向夏比冲击功≥120J,韧脆转变温度≤-60℃,抗挤毁性能超出API标准25%以上。 The collapse-resistant petroleum casing pipe according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that its performance index meets at least one of the following items: the yield strength is 965-1173MPa, the tensile strength is ≥1034MPa, Elongation ≥ 20%, fracture toughness K IC value ≥ 150MPa . M 1/2 , 0°C transverse Charpy impact energy ≥ 120J, ductile brittle transition temperature ≤ -60°C, and collapse resistance performance exceeds API standards by more than 25%.
  9. 如权利要求1-8中任意一项所述的抗挤毁石油套管的制造方法,其特征在于,其包括步骤:The method for manufacturing a collapse-resistant oil casing pipe according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
    (1)冶炼和连铸;(1) Smelting and continuous casting;
    (2)穿孔;(2) Perforation;
    (3)轧制:控制终轧温度为900~950℃,终轧后进行张力减径,温度为850~900℃;(3) Rolling: control the final rolling temperature to 900~950℃, and perform tension reduction after finishing rolling, the temperature is 850~900℃;
    (4)控制冷却:进行在线水冷,冷却速度为15~25℃/s,冷却至600-650℃,然后空冷至室温;(4) Controlled cooling: on-line water cooling, cooling rate of 15-25℃/s, cooling to 600-650℃, then air cooling to room temperature;
    (5)淬火+回火:其中淬火温度为900~950℃,保温时间为30~60min;回火温度为650~700℃,保温时间为50~80min;(5) Quenching + tempering: the quenching temperature is 900~950℃, the holding time is 30~60min; the tempering temperature is 650~700℃, and the holding time is 50~80min;
    (6)热定径和热矫直。(6) Thermal sizing and thermal straightening.
  10. 如权利要求9所述的制造方法,其特征在于,在步骤(2)中,圆坯在1260~1290℃下均热,均热后穿孔,穿孔温度为1180~1240℃。The manufacturing method according to claim 9, characterized in that, in step (2), the round billet is soaked at 1260-1290°C, and perforated after soaking, and the perforation temperature is 1180-1240°C.
  11. 如权利要求9所述的制造方法,其特征在于,在步骤(1)中,控制连铸拉速为1.6~2.0m/min。9. The manufacturing method according to claim 9, wherein in step (1), the continuous casting drawing speed is controlled to be 1.6 to 2.0 m/min.
  12. 如权利要求9所述的制造方法,其特征在于,在步骤(6)中,热定径温度为500~550℃。The manufacturing method according to claim 9, wherein in step (6), the heat sizing temperature is 500-550°C.
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