WO2021073448A1 - 画面渲染方法、装置、电子设备及存储介质 - Google Patents

画面渲染方法、装置、电子设备及存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021073448A1
WO2021073448A1 PCT/CN2020/120003 CN2020120003W WO2021073448A1 WO 2021073448 A1 WO2021073448 A1 WO 2021073448A1 CN 2020120003 W CN2020120003 W CN 2020120003W WO 2021073448 A1 WO2021073448 A1 WO 2021073448A1
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Prior art keywords
current frame
picture data
visible range
data
rendering
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PCT/CN2020/120003
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱欢欢
谭威
高三山
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华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Priority to EP20876334.2A priority Critical patent/EP4030387A4/en
Priority to US17/769,226 priority patent/US11861775B2/en
Publication of WO2021073448A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021073448A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T13/00—Animation
    • G06T13/20—3D [Three Dimensional] animation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T13/00—Animation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63F—CARD, BOARD, OR ROULETTE GAMES; INDOOR GAMES USING SMALL MOVING PLAYING BODIES; VIDEO GAMES; GAMES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • A63F13/00—Video games, i.e. games using an electronically generated display having two or more dimensions
    • A63F13/50—Controlling the output signals based on the game progress
    • A63F13/52—Controlling the output signals based on the game progress involving aspects of the displayed game scene
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63F—CARD, BOARD, OR ROULETTE GAMES; INDOOR GAMES USING SMALL MOVING PLAYING BODIES; VIDEO GAMES; GAMES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • A63F13/00—Video games, i.e. games using an electronically generated display having two or more dimensions
    • A63F13/50—Controlling the output signals based on the game progress
    • A63F13/52—Controlling the output signals based on the game progress involving aspects of the displayed game scene
    • A63F13/525—Changing parameters of virtual cameras
    • A63F13/5258—Changing parameters of virtual cameras by dynamically adapting the position of the virtual camera to keep a game object or game character in its viewing frustum, e.g. for tracking a character or a ball
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T11/00—2D [Two Dimensional] image generation
    • G06T11/40—Filling a planar surface by adding surface attributes, e.g. colour or texture
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T15/00—3D [Three Dimensional] image rendering
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T15/00—3D [Three Dimensional] image rendering
    • G06T15/50—Lighting effects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis
    • G06T7/70—Determining position or orientation of objects or cameras
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis
    • G06T7/97—Determining parameters from multiple pictures
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63F—CARD, BOARD, OR ROULETTE GAMES; INDOOR GAMES USING SMALL MOVING PLAYING BODIES; VIDEO GAMES; GAMES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • A63F2300/00—Features of games using an electronically generated display having two or more dimensions, e.g. on a television screen, showing representations related to the game
    • A63F2300/20—Features of games using an electronically generated display having two or more dimensions, e.g. on a television screen, showing representations related to the game characterised by details of the game platform
    • A63F2300/203—Image generating hardware

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of picture rendering technology, and in particular to a picture rendering method, device, electronic device, and storage medium.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a screen rendering method, device, electronic device, and storage medium to reduce the load of screen rendering.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a screen rendering method, which includes: obtaining first screen data of the current frame; comparing the first screen data with the currently recorded second frame data of the previous frame, Determine the first part of the first picture data that has not changed relative to the second picture data and the second part that has changed; reuse the rendering result of the first part in the previous frame, and render the second part in the current frame To get and display the rendering result of the current frame.
  • the repeated rendering of the unchanged part of the screen can be avoided, the load of the screen rendering is reduced, and the processing resources occupied by the screen rendering are reduced.
  • the stability of the rendering frame rate enhances the smoothness of the picture and reduces energy consumption.
  • the first frame data and the second frame data include the visible range of the screen background, and the virtual spatial position and state of the static objects and light sources in the screen.
  • the following method can be executed: the first visible range described by the first picture data and the second picture data described by the second picture data 2. Compare the visual range to determine the overlapping area of the first visual range and the second visual range; compare the virtual space position and state of the static objects located in the overlapping area in the first frame data and the second frame data Yes, and compare the virtual space position and state of the light source described by the first screen data and the second screen data.
  • the visible range of the current frame can be further expanded on the basis of the first visible range , And render the extended part.
  • the first visual range it can be ensured that when the moving object in the picture moves in a small range, the visual range of the next frame of the picture can be included in the expanded visual range of the current frame, or when the moving object is in the When moving in a larger range, the next frame can have a larger overlap area with the current frame, so as to facilitate more use of the rendering effect of the previous frame and reduce the rendering load.
  • the first type the amount of expansion of the visible range of the current frame is proportional to the size of the first part that has not changed.
  • the second type the amount of expansion of the visible range of the current frame is inversely proportional to the size of the changed second part.
  • the rendering effect of the previous frame that can be reused is more, and the rendering load of the electronic device is lower, and more processing resources can be allocated at this time.
  • Carry out a larger range of expansion try to make the next frame have a larger overlap area with the current frame, reuse more rendering effects, reduce rendering load, and improve rendering efficiency.
  • the second relationship when the second part of the change is larger, the rendering requires more processing resources. At this time, there may not be enough processing resources to expand the visible range of the current frame. Therefore, the extended The range needs to be smaller.
  • the method of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application may further include: updating the first visible range described in the first picture data to the expanded visible range of the current frame.
  • the method of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application may further include: updating the currently recorded second picture data of the previous frame to the first picture data of the current frame.
  • the picture rendering of the next frame can be obtained from the first picture data that is closest in time Maximum effect reuse, reducing rendering load and improving rendering efficiency.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a picture processing device, including:
  • the acquiring module is used to acquire the first picture data of the current frame.
  • the comparison module is used to compare the first picture data with the currently recorded second picture data of the previous frame of the current frame, and determine the first picture data that has not changed relative to the second picture data. One part and the second part that has changed.
  • the rendering module is used for multiplexing the rendering result corresponding to the first part in the previous frame, and rendering the second part in the current frame to obtain and display the rendering result of the current frame.
  • the first frame data and the second frame data include the visual range of the screen background, and the virtual space position and state of the static object and the light source.
  • the comparison module includes:
  • the first comparison sub-module is used to compare the first visible range described by the first screen data with the second visible range described by the second screen data to determine the first visible range and the second visible range The overlapping area of the range.
  • the second comparison sub-module is used to compare the virtual space position and state of the static objects in the overlapping area in the first picture data and the second picture data
  • the third comparison sub-module is used to compare the first picture data and the second picture data.
  • the screen data is compared with the virtual space position and state of the light source described by the second screen data.
  • the picture processing device further includes: a processing module, configured to expand the visible range of the current frame on the basis of the first visible range when the range of the overlapping area is smaller than the preset range , And render the enlarged part.
  • the amount of expansion of the visible range of the current frame is proportional to the size of the first part that has not changed.
  • the amount of expansion of the visible range of the current frame is inversely proportional to the size of the changed second part.
  • the image processing device further includes:
  • the first update module is configured to update the second visual range described in the second picture data to the enlarged visual range of the current frame.
  • the image processing device further includes:
  • the second update module is configured to update the currently recorded second picture data of the previous frame to the first picture data of the current frame.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, an interface and a processor, and the interface and the processor are coupled; the processor is configured to execute the method of the first aspect described above.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium in which a computer program is stored, and when it runs on a computer, the computer executes the method of the first aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a rendered screen provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a screen rendering method provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • 3a and 3b are schematic diagrams of two frames of game screen provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for comparing first screen data and second screen data according to an embodiment of the present application
  • 5a and 5b are schematic diagrams of two frames of game screens provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an expansion of the visual range of a screen provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a picture processing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a picture processing device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a picture processing device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a rendered picture provided by an embodiment of the present application, and the picture can be exemplarily understood as a picture of a 3D game or a 3D animation with a fixed perspective.
  • the picture includes the following parts: a moving object 11, a static object 12, a light source 13, a background 14 and related effects produced by the light source (such as the shadow 15 produced by the light source shining on the object, etc.).
  • a moving object 11 a static object 12
  • a light source 13 a background 14
  • related effects produced by the light source such as the shadow 15 produced by the light source shining on the object, etc.
  • the related technology when the related technology renders the picture, it usually needs to re-render all the parts included in the picture.
  • the rendering load is relatively large, the time will be stuck, the smoothness of the picture is low, the power consumption is fast, and the heat is generated. But in fact, two adjacent frames usually include the same part.
  • the light source generally does not change in a short period of time.
  • the position of the light source in the virtual three-dimensional space presented by the screen in the adjacent two frames And the state is usually unchanged.
  • the static object in the picture itself will not move or change. Therefore, the state of the static object in the two adjacent frames and its position in the virtual three-dimensional space It is unchanged. If these relatively unchanged parts are repeatedly rendered in two adjacent frames, it is actually a waste of rendering resources and an increase in rendering load.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a picture rendering solution in which the rendering effect of the part of the previous frame that has not changed from the current frame is reused, and the changes are generated on the basis of the part of the rendering effect. Incremental rendering is performed on the part, which achieves the purpose of reducing rendering load.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a screen rendering method provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 2, the method includes:
  • Step 201 Obtain the first picture data of the current frame.
  • Step 202 Compare the first picture data with the currently recorded second picture data of the previous frame, and determine the first part of the first picture data that has not changed relative to the second picture data and the second part that has changed.
  • Step 203 Reuse the rendering result corresponding to the first part in the previous frame, and render the second part in the current frame to obtain and display the rendering result of the current frame.
  • the screen referred to in this embodiment can be exemplarily understood as a 3D game screen or a 3D animation screen with a fixed angle of view, and the content of the screen can be exemplarily divided into four categories: screen background, static objects, moving objects, and light sources.
  • the background part of the picture can include information such as the visual range of the background of the picture, and the position information and state of the object in the virtual space can be included in the part of static objects, moving objects, and light sources.
  • static objects and moving objects The state referred to in this embodiment can be used to describe that the object is in a static state or a moving state.
  • the state referred to in this embodiment can be used to indicate the illumination angle, illumination intensity and other information of the light source.
  • the picture data of any frame includes the data of all the above four parts of the picture.
  • the picture of the current frame can be understood as a picture to be rendered, and the picture before the current frame can be understood as a picture that has been rendered.
  • each frame after each frame is rendered, its rendering result is stored in a preset buffer so that it can be multiplexed in subsequent frames.
  • the preset buffer such as the texture buffer, Texture Buffer
  • the preset buffer obtains the rendering result of the Nth frame so that the rendering result of the Nth frame is reused in the N+1th frame.
  • the N+1 rendering result is added to the preset Set the buffer so that N+1 subsequent frames can reuse the rendering result of the N+1th frame.
  • the rendering result of the N+1th frame may also be used to replace the rendering result of the Nth frame stored in the preset buffer, so that the preset buffer The rendering result of the latest rendered picture will always be stored. Since there are generally more identical parts between the latter frame and the previous frame, the latter frame can reuse the rendering result of the previous frame to the greatest extent.
  • the corresponding part of the first picture data and the second picture data can be compared, such as the description of the first picture data
  • the first visual range is compared with the second visual range described in the second screen data to determine whether the virtual space position and size of the first visual range relative to the second visual range have changed
  • the first screen data Compare with the data used to describe the same static object in the second screen data to determine whether the virtual space position and state of the static object has changed, for example, whether it has changed from a static state to a moving state, whether the structure shape has changed, etc.
  • the data used to describe the light source in the first picture data and the second picture data are compared to determine whether the virtual spatial position (such as height, orientation, etc.) and state (such as illumination angle, illumination intensity, etc.) of the light source have changed.
  • FIGS. 3a and 3b are schematic diagrams of two frames of game screens provided by an embodiment of the present application, where the game screen shown in FIG. 3b is the next frame of the game screen shown in FIG. 3a
  • FIGS. 3a and 3b are schematic diagrams of two frames of game screens provided by an embodiment of the present application, where the game screen shown in FIG. 3b is the next frame of the game screen shown in FIG. 3a
  • FIGS. 3a and 3b are schematic diagrams of two frames of game screens provided by an embodiment of the present application, where the game screen shown in FIG. 3b is the next frame of the game screen shown in FIG. 3a
  • FIGS. 3a and 3b are schematic diagrams of two frames of game screens provided by an embodiment of the present application, where the game screen shown in FIG. 3b is the next frame of the game screen shown in FIG. 3a
  • FIGS. 3a and 3b are schematic diagrams of two frames of game screens provided by an embodiment of the present application, where the game screen shown in FIG. 3b is the next frame of
  • the static object The area where 36 is located is out of the range of the screen, but there is still a partially overlapping area 35 in Figures 3a and 3b. Therefore, the rendering result of the overlapping area 35 can be extracted from the rendering result of Figure 3a to render the overlapping area in Figure 3b .
  • the object 33 since the object 33 is a new object compared to Figure 3a, there is no corresponding rendering effect in Figure 3a. Therefore, the object 33 and the moving object 34 need to be re-rendered together.
  • the repeated rendering of the unchanged part of the screen can be avoided, the load of the screen rendering is reduced, and the processing resources occupied by the screen rendering are reduced.
  • the stability of the rendering frame rate enhances the smoothness of the picture and reduces energy consumption.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for comparing first screen data and second screen data according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 4, the method includes:
  • Step 401 Compare the first visible range described by the first screen data with the second visible range described by the second screen data, and determine the overlapping area of the first visible range and the second visible range.
  • Step 402 Compare the virtual space position and state of the static object located in the overlapping area in the first screen data and the second screen data, and compare the virtual space position and state of the light source described by the first screen data and the second screen data Status comparison.
  • Figures 5a and 5b are schematic diagrams of two frames of game screens provided by an embodiment of the present application, where the game screen shown in Figure 5b is the next frame of the game screen shown in Figure 5a, and the moving object is shown in Figure 5b.
  • the position of 51 in the virtual space has changed with respect to Fig. 5a, and the corresponding visual range 54 of the screen shown in Fig. 5b has also changed compared with Fig. 5a.
  • Fig. 5a only the area that overlaps with Fig. 5b has reusable rendering results. Therefore, in some embodiments, in order to save the calculation amount of data comparison and improve the rendering efficiency, the visual range of Fig. 5a can be used first. 55 and the visible range 54 in FIG.
  • the overlap area 52 determines the overlap area 52 of the two (for example, in this embodiment, the overlap area 52 is the visible range 55 in FIG. 5a), and further, from the screen shown in FIG. 5a
  • the first data part corresponding to the overlapping area 52 is extracted from the picture data of the picture
  • the second data part corresponding to the overlapping area 52 is extracted from the picture data of the picture shown in Fig. 5b.
  • the overlapping area 52 is determined based on the first data part and the second data part. Whether the position and state of the static object 53 in the virtual space have changed. If there is no change in the position and state of the static object 53 in the virtual space, the rendering result of the static object 53 in Figure 5a can be reused in Figure 5b.
  • the background rendering result corresponding to the overlapping area 52 in FIG. 5a can be reused in FIG. 5b, and on this basis, the background of the remaining visible range can be incrementally rendered.
  • the rendering of the light source 56 and its effects based on the screen data of Figures 5a and 5b, compare the position and state of the light source in Figure 5b with the position and state of the light source in Figure 5a. If the position and state of the light source 56 are not If a change occurs, the light effect rendering result of the overlapping area 52 in FIG. 5a is reused, and other areas are incrementally rendered on this basis. Re-render the moving object in Figure 5b directly to obtain the rendering result.
  • the image rendering operation may also include a step of expanding the visible range of the screen.
  • this step may be between the first visible range of the current screen and the previous one. Execute when the overlapping area of the second visible range of the frame picture is smaller than the preset range.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an expansion of the visible range of a screen provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the rectangular area formed by solid lines is exemplified as the first visible range of the current screen.
  • the area in between is the expanded visual range.
  • the overlapping area of the first visual range of the current frame and the second visual range of the previous frame is less than the preset range, in order to be able to be behind the current frame
  • the visible area of the current frame can be expanded on the basis of the visible resolution M*N of the area within the solid rectangular box, so that the current frame can be Try to have a larger overlap area with the next frame as much as possible.
  • M*N the visible resolution
  • (M+x)*(N+y) can represent the area in the dashed box range.
  • the expansion amount x in the M dimension and the expansion amount y in the N dimension can be set according to a preset strategy.
  • the expansion amount can be set x and y are associated with the size of the first part of the current frame that has not changed from the previous frame.
  • the first part is larger, it means that the current frame has more rendering effects that can be reused in the rendering process and the rendering load is smaller.
  • the expansion amount x and y can be set relatively large, so that the visible range of the next frame can overlap with the visible range of the current frame as much as possible, so as to reuse the current frame as much as possible. Rendering effect.
  • the expansion amount x and y can be set relatively small. It can even be set to 0, which means that there can be a proportional relationship between the expansion of the visible range of the current frame and the size of the first part.
  • the expansion amounts x and y can also be associated with the size of the second part of the current frame that has changed relative to the previous frame. When the second part is small, it means that the rendering load of the current frame is small. At this time, you can set the expansion amount x and y to be relatively large.
  • the first visible range described in the first picture data of the current frame can be updated to the expanded visible range, and the current record of the previous frame
  • the second picture data is updated to the first picture data of the current frame, so that when the next frame of the current frame is rendered, the visible range of the next frame can be compared with the expanded visible range of the current frame. Obtain a larger overlap area. Since the pictures presented in two adjacent frames are generally the closest, by updating the second picture data to the first picture data, the picture rendering of the next frame can be obtained from the first picture data that is closest in time Maximum effect reuse, reducing rendering load and improving rendering efficiency.
  • the visible range of the next frame can be included in the expanded visible range of the current frame, or when the moving object is in the When moving in a larger range, the next frame can have a larger overlap area with the current frame, so as to facilitate more use of the rendering effect of the previous frame and reduce the rendering load.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a picture processing device provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 7, the picture processing device 70 includes:
  • Acquisition module 71 for acquiring the first picture data of the current frame.
  • the comparison module 72 is configured to compare the first picture data with the currently recorded second picture data of the previous frame of the current frame, and determine that the first picture data is relative to the second picture Data, the first part unchanged and the second part changed.
  • the rendering module 73 is configured to multiplex the rendering result corresponding to the first part in the previous frame and render the second part in the current frame to obtain and display the rendering result of the current frame .
  • the picture processing apparatus provided in this embodiment can execute the method of the embodiment in FIG. 2, and its execution manner and beneficial effects are similar, and details are not repeated here.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a picture processing device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the first picture data of the current frame and the second picture data of the previous frame of the current frame include the visual image of the picture background. Scope, as well as the virtual space position and state of static objects and light sources.
  • the comparison module 72 may include:
  • the first comparison sub-module 721 is configured to compare the first visible range described by the first screen data with the second visible range described by the second screen data to determine the first visible range An area overlapping with the second visual range;
  • the second comparison sub-module 722 is configured to compare the virtual space position and state of the static object located in the overlapping area in the first screen data and the second screen data, and
  • the third comparison sub-module 723 is configured to compare the virtual space position and state of the light source described by the first screen data and the second screen data.
  • the image processing device provided in this embodiment can execute the method of the embodiment in FIG. 4, and its execution mode and beneficial effects are similar, and details are not repeated here.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a picture processing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 9, based on the above embodiment, the picture processing apparatus 70 may further include:
  • the processing module 74 is configured to expand the visible range of the current frame on the basis of the first visible range when the range of the overlapping area is smaller than the preset range, and render the enlarged part.
  • the amount of expansion of the visible range of the current frame is proportional to the size of the first portion that has not changed.
  • the amount of expansion of the visible range of the current frame is inversely proportional to the size of the changed second part.
  • the device further includes:
  • the first update module is configured to update the second visual range described in the second picture data to the enlarged visual range of the current frame.
  • the device further includes:
  • the second update module is configured to update the currently recorded second picture data of the previous frame to the first picture data of the current frame.
  • the device provided in this embodiment can execute the technical solution of the embodiment in FIG. 6, and its execution mode and beneficial effects are similar, and will not be repeated here.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium in which a computer program is stored, which when running on a computer, causes the computer to execute the screen rendering method described in the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product, which includes a computer program, which when running on a computer, causes the computer to execute the screen rendering method described in the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a processor, which includes: at least one circuit, configured to execute the screen rendering method described in the foregoing embodiment.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device.
  • the electronic device can be used to implement the screen rendering method described in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the electronic device may include one or more processors and interfaces, and the interfaces are coupled to the processor.
  • the processor may also be referred to as a processing unit, which may implement certain control functions.
  • the processor may be a general-purpose processor or a special-purpose processor.
  • the processor may also store instructions, and the instructions may be executed by the processor, so that the electronic device executes the screen rendering method described in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the electronic device may include a circuit, and the circuit may implement the part of obtaining the picture data and displaying the rendering result in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the electronic device may include one or more memories, on which instructions or intermediate data are stored, and the instructions may be executed on the processor, so that the electronic device executes the foregoing method implementation.
  • other related data may also be stored in the memory.
  • the processor and the memory can be provided separately or integrated together.
  • the electronic device may also include a transceiver.
  • the processor may be referred to as a processing unit.
  • the transceiver may be called a transceiver unit, a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, or a transceiver, etc., and is used to implement the transceiver function of the electronic device.
  • the processor and transceiver described in this application can be implemented in integrated circuit (IC), analog IC, radio frequency integrated circuit RFIC, mixed signal IC, application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), printed circuit board ( printed circuit board, PCB), electronic equipment, etc.
  • the processor and transceiver can also be manufactured using various 1C process technologies, such as complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS), nMetal-oxide-semiconductor (NMOS), and P-type Metal oxide semiconductor (positive channel metal oxide semiconductor, PMOS), bipolar junction transistor (BJT), bipolar CMOS (BiCMOS), silicon germanium (SiGe), gallium arsenide (GaAs), etc.
  • CMOS complementary metal oxide semiconductor
  • NMOS nMetal-oxide-semiconductor
  • PMOS bipolar junction transistor
  • BiCMOS bipolar CMOS
  • SiGe silicon germanium
  • GaAs gallium arsenide
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electronic device can be exemplarily understood as a mobile terminal, and the electronic device can be used to execute the above-mentioned screen rendering method, as shown in FIG. 10,
  • the electronic device 100 may include a processor 110, an external memory interface 120, an internal memory 121, a universal serial bus (USB) interface 130, a charging management module 140, a power management module 141, a battery 142, an antenna 1, and an antenna 2.
  • USB universal serial bus
  • Mobile communication module 150 Wireless communication module 160, audio module 170, speaker 170A, receiver 170B, microphone 170C, earphone jack 170D, sensor 180, button 190, motor 191, indicator 192, camera 193, display screen 194, and user Identification module (subscriber identification module, SIM) card interface 195, etc.
  • SIM subscriber identification module
  • the processor 110 may include one or more processing units.
  • the processor 110 may include an application processor (AP), a modem processor, a graphics processing unit (GPU), and an image signal processor. (image signal processor, ISP), controller, video codec, digital signal processor (digital signal processor, DSP), baseband processor, and/or neural-network processing unit (NPU), etc.
  • the different processing units may be independent devices or integrated in one or more processors.
  • the electronic device 100 may also include one or more processors 110.
  • the controller may be the nerve center and command center of the electronic device 100.
  • the controller can generate operation control signals according to the instruction operation code and timing signals to complete the control of fetching and executing instructions.
  • a memory may also be provided in the processor 110 to store instructions and data.
  • the memory in the processor 110 is a cache memory.
  • the memory can store instructions or data that the processor 110 has just used or used cyclically. If the processor 110 needs to use the instruction or data again, it can be directly called from the memory. This avoids repeated accesses, reduces the waiting time of the processor 110, and thus improves the efficiency of the electronic device 100 system.
  • the processor 110 may include one or more interfaces.
  • the interface may include an integrated circuit (inter-integrated circuit, I2C) interface, an integrated circuit built-in audio (inter-integrated circuit sound, I2S) interface, a pulse code modulation (pulse code modulation, PCM) interface, and a universal asynchronous transmitter/receiver (universal asynchronous) interface.
  • I2C integrated circuit
  • I2S integrated circuit built-in audio
  • PCM pulse code modulation
  • PCM pulse code modulation
  • UART universal asynchronous transmitter/receiver
  • MIPI mobile industry processor interface
  • GPIO general-purpose input/output
  • SIM subscriber identity module
  • USB Universal Serial Bus
  • the USB interface 130 is an interface that complies with the USB standard specification, and specifically may be a Mini USB interface, a Micro USB interface, a USB Type C interface, and so on.
  • the USB interface 130 can be used to connect a charger to charge the electronic device 100, and can also be used to transfer data between the electronic device 100 and peripheral devices. It can also be used to connect earphones and play audio through earphones.
  • the interface connection relationship between the modules illustrated in the embodiment of the present invention is merely a schematic description, and does not constitute a structural limitation of the electronic device 100.
  • the electronic device 100 may also adopt different interface connection modes in the foregoing embodiments, or a combination of multiple interface connection modes.
  • the charging management module 140 is used to receive charging input from the charger.
  • the charger can be a wireless charger or a wired charger.
  • the charging management module 140 may receive the charging input of the wired charger through the USB interface 130.
  • the charging management module 140 may receive the wireless charging input through the wireless charging coil of the electronic device 100. While the charging management module 140 charges the battery 142, it can also supply power to the electronic device 100 through the power management module 141.
  • the power management module 141 is used to connect the battery 142, the charging management module 140 and the processor 110.
  • the power management module 141 receives input from the battery 142 and/or the charging management module 140, and supplies power to the processor 110, the internal memory 121, the display screen 194, the camera 193, and the wireless communication module 160.
  • the power management module 141 can also be used to monitor parameters such as battery capacity, battery cycle times, and battery health status (leakage, impedance).
  • the power management module 141 may also be provided in the processor 110.
  • the power management module 141 and the charging management module 140 may also be provided in the same device.
  • the wireless communication function of the electronic device 100 can be realized by the antenna 1, the antenna 2, the mobile communication module 150, the wireless communication module 160, the modem processor, and the baseband processor.
  • the antenna 1 and the antenna 2 are used to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals.
  • Each antenna in the electronic device 100 can be used to cover a single or multiple communication frequency bands. Different antennas can also be reused to improve antenna utilization.
  • Antenna 1 can be multiplexed as a diversity antenna of a wireless local area network.
  • the antenna can be used in combination with a tuning switch.
  • the mobile communication module 150 can provide a wireless communication solution including 2G/3G/4G/5G and the like applied to the electronic device 100.
  • the mobile communication module 150 may include at least one filter, switch, power amplifier, low noise amplifier, and so on.
  • the mobile communication module 150 can receive electromagnetic waves by the antenna 1, and perform processing such as filtering, amplifying and transmitting the received electromagnetic waves to the modem processor for demodulation.
  • the mobile communication module 150 can also amplify the signal modulated by the modem processor, and convert it into electromagnetic wave radiation via the antenna 1.
  • at least part of the functional modules of the mobile communication module 150 may be provided in the processor 110.
  • at least part of the functional modules of the mobile communication module 150 and at least part of the modules of the processor 110 may be provided in the same device.
  • the modem processor may include a modulator and a demodulator.
  • the modulator is used to modulate the low frequency baseband signal to be sent into a medium and high frequency signal.
  • the demodulator is used to demodulate the received electromagnetic wave signal into a low-frequency baseband signal. Then the demodulator transmits the demodulated low-frequency baseband signal to the baseband processor for processing. After the low-frequency baseband signal is processed by the baseband processor, it is passed to the application processor.
  • the application processor outputs a sound signal through an audio device (not limited to the speaker 170A, the receiver 170B, etc.), or displays an image or video through the display screen 194.
  • the modem processor may be an independent device. In other embodiments, the modem processor may be independent of the processor 110 and be provided in the same device as the mobile communication module 150 or other functional modules.
  • the wireless communication module 160 can provide applications on the electronic device 100 including wireless local area networks (WLAN), Bluetooth, global navigation satellite system (GNSS), frequency modulation (FM), NFC, Infrared technology (infrared, IR) and other wireless communication solutions.
  • the wireless communication module 160 may be one or more devices integrating at least one communication processing module.
  • the wireless communication module 160 receives electromagnetic waves via the antenna 2, frequency modulates and filters the electromagnetic wave signals, and sends the processed signals to the processor 110.
  • the wireless communication module 160 may also receive the signal to be sent from the processor 110, perform frequency modulation, amplify it, and convert it into electromagnetic waves to radiate through the antenna 2.
  • the antenna 1 of the electronic device 100 is coupled with the mobile communication module 150, and the antenna 2 is coupled with the wireless communication module 160, so that the electronic device 100 can communicate with the network and other devices through wireless communication technology.
  • the wireless communication technology may include GSM, GPRS, CDMA, WCDMA, TD-SCDMA, LTE, GNSS, WLAN, NFC, FM, and/or IR technology.
  • the aforementioned GNSS may include global positioning system (GPS), global navigation satellite system (GLONASS), Beidou navigation satellite system (BDS), quasi-zenith satellite system (quasi- Zenith satellite system, QZSS) and/or satellite-based augmentation systems (SBAS).
  • the electronic device 100 can implement a display function through a GPU, a display screen 194, an application processor, and the like.
  • the GPU is an image processing microprocessor, which is connected to the display screen 194 and the application processor.
  • the GPU is used to perform mathematical and geometric calculations for graphics rendering.
  • the processor 110 may include one or more GPUs, which execute instructions to generate or change display information.
  • the display screen 194 is used to display images, videos, and the like.
  • the display screen 194 includes a display panel.
  • the display panel can adopt liquid crystal display (LCD), organic light-emitting diode (OLED), active matrix organic light-emitting diode or active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (active-matrix organic light-emitting diode).
  • LCD liquid crystal display
  • OLED organic light-emitting diode
  • active-matrix organic light-emitting diode active-matrix organic light-emitting diode
  • AMOLED flexible light-emitting diode (FLED), Miniled, MicroLed, Micro-oLed, quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED), etc.
  • the electronic device 100 may include one or N display screens 194, and N is a positive integer greater than one.
  • the electronic device 100 may implement a shooting function through an ISP, one or more cameras 193, a video codec, a GPU, one or more display screens 194, and an application processor.
  • NPU is a neural-network (NN) computing processor.
  • NN neural-network
  • applications such as intelligent cognition of the electronic device 100 can be realized, such as image recognition, face recognition, voice recognition, text understanding, and so on.
  • the external memory interface 120 may be used to connect an external memory card, such as a Micro SD card, to expand the storage capacity of the electronic device 100.
  • the external memory card communicates with the processor 110 through the external memory interface 120 to realize the data storage function. For example, save data files such as music, photos, videos, etc. in an external memory card.
  • the internal memory 121 may be used to store one or more computer programs, and the one or more computer programs include instructions.
  • the processor 110 can run the above-mentioned instructions stored in the internal memory 121 to enable the electronic device 100 to execute the voice switching method, various functional applications, and data processing provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the internal memory 121 may include a storage program area and a storage data area. Among them, the storage program area can store the operating system; the storage program area can also store one or more application programs (such as a gallery, contacts, etc.) and so on.
  • the data storage area can store data (such as photos, contacts, etc.) created during the use of the electronic device 100.
  • the internal memory 121 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, a flash memory device, a universal flash storage (UFS), and the like.
  • the processor 110 may execute instructions stored in the internal memory 121 and/or instructions stored in a memory provided in the processor 110 to cause the electronic device 100 to execute the instructions provided in the embodiments of the present application. Screen rendering methods, as well as various functional applications and data processing.
  • the electronic device 100 can implement audio functions through the audio module 170, the speaker 170A, the receiver 170B, the microphone 170C, the earphone interface 170D, and the application processor. For example, music playback, recording, etc.
  • the audio module 170 is used to convert digital audio information into an analog audio signal for output, and also used to convert an analog audio input into a digital audio signal.
  • the audio module 170 can also be used to encode and decode audio signals.
  • the audio module 170 may be provided in the processor 110, or part of the functional modules of the audio module 170 may be provided in the processor 110.
  • the speaker 170A also called “speaker", is used to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals.
  • the electronic device 100 can listen to music through the speaker 170A, or listen to a hands-free call.
  • the receiver 170B also called “earpiece” is used to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals.
  • the microphone 170C also called “microphone”, “microphone”, is used to convert sound signals into electrical signals.
  • the user can make a sound by approaching the microphone 170C through the human mouth, and input the sound signal into the microphone 170C.
  • the electronic device 100 may be provided with at least one microphone 170C.
  • the electronic device 100 may be provided with two microphones 170C, which can implement noise reduction functions in addition to collecting sound signals. In other embodiments, the electronic device 100 may also be provided with three, four or more microphones 170C to collect sound signals, reduce noise, identify sound sources, and realize directional recording functions.
  • the earphone interface 170D is used to connect wired earphones.
  • the earphone interface 170D can be a USB interface 130, a 3.5mm open mobile terminal platform (OMTP) standard interface, or a cellular telecommunications industry association of the USA (CTIA) Standard interface.
  • OMTP open mobile terminal platform
  • CTIA cellular telecommunications industry association of the USA
  • the sensor 180 may include a pressure sensor 180A, a gyroscope sensor 180B, an air pressure sensor 180C, a magnetic sensor 180D, an acceleration sensor 180E, a distance sensor 180F, a proximity light sensor 180G, a fingerprint sensor 180H, a temperature sensor 180J, a touch sensor 180K, and an ambient light sensor 180L , Bone conduction sensor 180M and so on.
  • the pressure sensor 180A is used to sense a pressure signal, and can convert the pressure signal into an electrical signal.
  • the pressure sensor 180A may be provided on the display screen 194.
  • the capacitive pressure sensor may include at least two parallel plates with conductive material. When a force is applied to the pressure sensor 180A, the capacitance between the electrodes changes.
  • the electronic device 100 determines the intensity of the pressure according to the change in capacitance.
  • the electronic device 100 detects the intensity of the touch operation according to the pressure sensor 180A.
  • the electronic device 100 may also calculate the touched position according to the detection signal of the pressure sensor 180A.
  • touch operations that act on the same touch position but have different touch operation strengths may correspond to different operation instructions. For example: when a touch operation whose intensity is less than the first pressure threshold is applied to the short message application icon, an instruction to view the short message is executed. When a touch operation with a touch operation intensity greater than or equal to the first pressure threshold acts on the short message application icon, an instruction to create a new short message is executed.
  • the gyro sensor 180B may be used to determine the movement posture of the electronic device 100.
  • the angular velocity of the electronic device 100 around three axes ie, x, y, and z axes
  • the gyro sensor 180B can be used for image stabilization.
  • the gyro sensor 180B detects the shake angle of the electronic device 100, calculates the distance that the lens module needs to compensate according to the angle, and allows the lens to counteract the shake of the electronic device 100 through reverse movement to achieve anti-shake.
  • the gyro sensor 180B can also be used for navigation, somatosensory game scenes and so on.
  • the acceleration sensor 180E can detect the magnitude of the acceleration of the electronic device 100 in various directions (generally three axes). When the electronic device 100 is stationary, the magnitude and direction of gravity can be detected. It can also be used to identify the posture of electronic devices, and apply to applications such as horizontal and vertical screen switching, pedometers and so on.
  • the electronic device 100 can measure the distance by infrared or laser. In some embodiments, when shooting a scene, the electronic device 100 may use the distance sensor 180F to measure the distance to achieve fast focusing.
  • the proximity light sensor 180G may include, for example, a light emitting diode (LED) and a light detector such as a photodiode.
  • the light emitting diode may be an infrared light emitting diode.
  • the electronic device 100 emits infrared light to the outside through the light emitting diode.
  • the electronic device 100 uses a photodiode to detect infrared reflected light from nearby objects. When sufficient reflected light is detected, it can be determined that there is an object near the electronic device 100. When insufficient reflected light is detected, the electronic device 100 can determine that there is no object near the electronic device 100.
  • the electronic device 100 can use the proximity light sensor 180G to detect that the user holds the electronic device 100 close to the ear to talk, so as to automatically turn off the screen to save power.
  • the proximity light sensor 180G can also be used in leather case mode, and the pocket mode will automatically unlock and lock the screen.
  • the ambient light sensor 180L is used to sense the brightness of the ambient light.
  • the electronic device 100 can adaptively adjust the brightness of the display screen 194 according to the perceived brightness of the ambient light.
  • the ambient light sensor 180L can also be used to automatically adjust the white balance when taking pictures.
  • the ambient light sensor 180L can also cooperate with the proximity light sensor 180G to detect whether the electronic device 100 is in the pocket to prevent accidental touch.
  • the fingerprint sensor 180H (also called a fingerprint reader) is used to collect fingerprints.
  • the electronic device 100 can use the collected fingerprint characteristics to realize fingerprint unlocking, access application locks, fingerprint photographs, fingerprint answering calls, and so on.
  • other descriptions of the fingerprint sensor can be found in the international patent application PCT/CN2017/082773 entitled “Method and Electronic Equipment for Processing Notification", the entire content of which is incorporated in this application by reference.
  • the touch sensor 180K can also be called a touch panel or a touch-sensitive surface.
  • the touch sensor 180K may be disposed on the display screen 194, and the touch screen is composed of the touch sensor 180K and the display screen 194, which is also called a touch screen.
  • the touch sensor 180K is used to detect touch operations acting on or near it.
  • the touch sensor can pass the detected touch operation to the application processor to determine the type of touch event.
  • the visual output related to the touch operation can be provided through the display screen 194.
  • the touch sensor 180K may also be disposed on the surface of the electronic device 100, which is different from the position of the display screen 194.
  • the bone conduction sensor 180M can acquire vibration signals.
  • the bone conduction sensor 180M can obtain the vibration signal of the vibrating bone mass of the human voice.
  • the bone conduction sensor 180M can also contact the human pulse and receive the blood pressure pulse signal.
  • the bone conduction sensor 180M may also be provided in the earphone, combined with the bone conduction earphone.
  • the audio module 170 can parse the voice signal based on the vibration signal of the vibrating bone block of the voice obtained by the bone conduction sensor 180M, and realize the voice function.
  • the application processor can analyze the heart rate information based on the blood pressure beating signal obtained by the bone conduction sensor 180M, and realize the heart rate detection function.
  • the button 190 includes a power-on button, a volume button, and so on.
  • the button 190 may be a mechanical button or a touch button.
  • the electronic device 100 may receive key input, and generate key signal input related to user settings and function control of the electronic device 100.
  • the SIM card interface 195 is used to connect to the SIM card.
  • the SIM card can be inserted into the SIM card interface 195 or pulled out from the SIM card interface 195 to achieve contact and separation with the electronic device 100.
  • the electronic device 100 may support 1 or N SIM card interfaces, and N is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • the SIM card interface 195 can support Nano SIM cards, Micro SIM cards, SIM cards, etc.
  • the same SIM card interface 195 can insert multiple cards at the same time. The types of the multiple cards can be the same or different.
  • the SIM card interface 195 can also be compatible with different types of SIM cards.
  • the SIM card interface 195 may also be compatible with external memory cards.
  • the electronic device 100 interacts with the network through the SIM card to implement functions such as call and data communication.
  • the electronic device 100 adopts an eSIM, that is, an embedded SIM card.
  • the eSIM card can be embedded in the electronic device 100 and cannot be separated from the electronic device 100.

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Abstract

一种画面渲染方法、装置、电子设备及存储介质，该方法包括：获取当前帧的第一画面数据（201）；将第一画面数据和当前记录的前一帧的第二画面数据进行比对，确定第一画面数据中相对于第二画面数据未发生变化的第一部分以及发生变化的第二部分（202）；复用第一部分在前一帧中的渲染结果，并对当前帧中的第二部分进行渲染，得到并显示当前帧的渲染结果（203）。该画面渲染方案能够降低渲染负载。

Description

画面渲染方法、装置、电子设备及存储介质
本申请要求于2019年10月17日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910988870.7、申请名称为“画面渲染方法、装置、电子设备及存储介质”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及画面渲染技术领域，特别涉及画面渲染方法、装置、电子设备及存储介质。
背景技术
目前，由于用户对画面显示效果的要求越来越高，以及电子设备硬件能力得到不断提升等原因，越来越多的优秀特效和渲染效果被添加到画面的基础效果中，但是由于相关技术对于画面的渲染一般都是需要对每一帧中的所有物体进行渲染的，随着渲染的效果越来越多、越来越复杂，电子设备承担了很大的渲染负载，以至于时常会导致画面卡顿，画面流畅度降低，电子设备发热、耗电快等问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种画面渲染方法、装置、电子设备及存储介质，用以降低画面渲染的负载。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种画面渲染方法，该方法包括：获取当前帧的第一画面数据；将第一画面数据和当前记录的前一帧的第二画面数据进行比对，确定第一画面数据中相对于第二画面数据未发生变化的第一部分以及发生变化的第二部分；复用第一部分在前一帧中的渲染结果，并对当前帧中的第二部分进行渲染，得到并显示当前帧的渲染结果。
通过复用前一帧中相对当前帧没有发生变化的部分的渲染效果，能够避免画面中未发生变化部分的重复渲染，降低了画面渲染的负载，减少了画面渲染对处理资源的占用，提高了渲染帧率的稳定性，增强了画面的流畅度，降低了能耗。
在一种可行的实施方式中，第一画面数据和第二画面数据中包括画面背景的可视范围，以及画面中静态物体和光源的虚拟空间位置及状态。其中，在执行将第一画面数据和前一帧的第二画面数据进行比对的操作时，可以执行如下方法：将第一画面数据描述的第一可视范围与第二画面数据描述的第二可视范围进行比对，确定第一可视范围和第二可视范围的重合区域；将第一画面数据和第二画面数据中位于重合区域内的静态物体的虚拟空间位置及状态进行比对，并将第一画面数据和第二画面数据描述的光源的虚拟空间位置及状态进行比对。
其中，在一种实施方式中，若第一可视范围与第二可视范围的重合区域小于预设范围，那么可以进一步地在第一可视范围的基础上，扩大当前帧的可视范围，并对扩展的部分进行渲染。通过对第一可视范围进行扩大，能够确保画面中运动物体在进行小范围移动时， 后一帧画面的可视范围能够被包含在当前帧扩大后的可视范围内，或者当运动物体在进行较大范围移动时，后一帧画面能够与当前帧画面具有较大的重合区域，以方便更多的利用在前帧的渲染效果，降低渲染负载。
其中，在对当前帧的可视范围进行扩大操作时，可以依据如下关系中的任意一种：
第一种：当前帧的可视范围的扩大量与未发生变化的第一部分的大小成正比。
第二种：当前帧的可视范围的扩大量与发生变化的第二部分的大小成反比。
其中，在第一种关系中，当未发生变化的部分越大时，可复用的前一帧的渲染效果越多，电子设备的渲染负载越低，此时可以分出较多的处理资源进行较大范围的扩展，尽量使得后一帧能够与当前帧具有较大的重合区域，复用更多的渲染效果，降低渲染负载，提高渲染效率。在第二种关系中，当发生变化的第二部分越大时，渲染需要的处理资源越多，此时，可能并没有足够的处理资源用于扩大当前帧的可视范围，因此，扩展的范围需要小一些。
通过确定当前画面的第一可视范围与前一帧画面的第二可视范围的重合区域，并对第一画面数据和第二画面数据中用于描述重合区域的部分进行比对，能够在保证比对准确性的同时，避免将全部第一画面数据与全部第二画面数据进行比对，减少了数据比对的计算量，提高了数据比对的效率。
在一种可行的实施方式中，本申请实施例第一方面的方法还可以包括：将第一画面数据中描述的第一可视范围更新为扩大后的所述当前帧的可视范围。
在一种可行的实施方式中，本申请实施例第一方面的方法还可以包括：将当前记录的所述前一帧的第二画面数据更新为当前帧的第一画面数据。
由于相邻两帧呈现的画面一般是最接近的，因而，通过将第二画面数据更新为第一画面数据，能够使得后一帧的画面渲染能够从时间上最接近的第一画面数据中获取最大的效果复用，降低了渲染负载，提高了渲染效率。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种画面处理装置，包括：
获取模块，用于获取当前帧的第一画面数据。
比对模块，用于将第一画面数据和当前记录的所述当前帧的前一帧的第二画面数据进行比对，确定第一画面数据中相对于第二画面数据，未发生变化的第一部分以及发生变化的第二部分。
渲染模块，用于复用前一帧中对应所述第一部分的渲染结果，并对当前帧中的所述第二部分进行渲染，以得到并显示当前帧的渲染结果。
在一种可行的实施方式中，第一画面数据和第二画面数据中包括画面背景的可视范围，以及静态物体和光源的虚拟空间位置和状态。
在一种可行的实施方式中，比对模块包括：
第一比对子模块，用于将第一画面数据描述的第一可视范围与第二画面数据描述的第二可视范围进行比对，确定第一可视范围和所述第二可视范围的重合区域。
第二比对子模块，用于将第一画面数据和第二画面数据中位于重合区域内的静态物体的虚拟空间位置及状态进行比对，以及第三比对子模块，用于将第一画面数据和第二画面数据描述的光源的虚拟空间位置及状态进行比对。
在一种可行的实施方式中，画面处理装置还包括：处理模块，用于在所述重合区域的 范围小于预设范围时，在第一可视范围的基础上，扩大当前帧的可视范围，并对扩大的部分进行渲染。
其中，在对当前帧的可视范围进行扩大操作时，可以依据如下关系中的任意一种：
第一种，当前帧的可视范围的扩大量与未发生变化的第一部分的大小成正比。
第二种，当前帧的可视范围的扩大量与发生变化的第二部分的大小成反比。
在一种可行的实施方式中，画面处理装置还包括：
第一更新模块，用于将第二画面数据中描述的第二可视范围更新为扩大后的所述当前帧的可视范围。
在一种可行的实施方式中，画面处理装置还包括：
第二更新模块，用于将当前记录的所述前一帧的第二画面数据更新为所述当前帧的第一画面数据。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电子设备，接口和处理器，接口和处理器耦合；处理器用于执行上述第一方面的方法。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面的方法。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种渲染后的画面示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的一种画面渲染方法的流程图；
图3a和图3b是本申请实施例提供的两帧游戏画面的示意图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种第一画面数据与第二画面数据比对方法的流程图；
图5a和图5b是本申请实施例提供的两帧游戏画面的示意图；
图6是本申请实施例提供的一种画面可视范围的扩展示意图；
图7是本申请实施例提供的一种画面处理装置的结构示意图；
图8是本申请实施例提供的一种画面处理装置的结构示意图；
图9是本申请实施例提供的一种画面处理装置的结构示意图；
图10是本申请实施例提供的一种电子设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请的实施方式部分使用的术语仅用于对本申请的具体实施例进行解释，而非旨在限定本申请。
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种渲染后的画面示意图，该画面可示例性的理解为固定视角的3D游戏或3D动画的画面。该画面包括如下几个部分：运动物体11、静态物体12、光源13、背景14以及光源产生的相关效果(比如光源照射在物体上产生的阴影15等)。其中，相关技术在对该画面进行渲染时，通常需要对画面中包括的所有部分进行重新渲染其渲染的负载比较大，时长会产生卡顿，画面流畅度低，耗电快，发热等问题。但是实际上，相邻两帧画面之中通常包括相同的部分，比如光源在短时间内一般是不会发生变化的，在相邻两帧画面中光源在画面所呈现的虚拟三维空间中的位置及状态通常是不变的，再比如，画面中的静态物体其本身不会发生移动、不会发生变化的，因此在相邻两帧画面中静 态物体的状态及其在虚拟三维空间中的位置是不变的，如果在相邻的两帧画面中对这些相对不变的部分进行重复渲染，实际上是对渲染资源的浪费，增加了渲染负载。针对这种情况，本申请实施例提供了一种画面渲染方案，该方案中复用在前帧中相对当前帧未发生变化的部分的渲染效果，并在该部分渲染效果的基础上对产生变化的部分进行增量渲染，实现了降低渲染负载的目的。
示例的，图2是本申请实施例提供的一种画面渲染方法的流程图，如图2所示，该方法包括：
步骤201、获取当前帧的第一画面数据。
步骤202、将第一画面数据和当前记录的前一帧的第二画面数据进行比对，确定第一画面数据中相对于第二画面数据未发生变化的第一部分以及发生变化的第二部分。
步骤203、复用前一帧中对应所述第一部分的渲染结果，并对当前帧中的所述第二部分进行渲染，以得到并显示当前帧的渲染结果。
示例的，本实施例所称的画面可示例性的理解为固定视角的3D游戏画面或者3D动画的画面，画面的内容可被示例性的划分为画面背景、静态物体、运动物体、光源等四个部分。比如，在画面背景部分可以包括画面背景的可视范围等信息，在静态物体、运动物体、光源等部分可以包括物体在虚拟空间中的位置信息和状态，其中，对于静态物体和运动物体来说，本实施例所称的状态可用于描述物体处于静止状态或运动状态，对于光源来说，本实施例所称的状态可以用于表示光源的照射角度、照射强度等信息。
在本实施例中任一帧的画面数据均包括画面的上述全部四个部分的数据。
在本实施例中，当前帧的画面可以理解为待渲染的画面，当前帧的前一帧画面可以理解为已经完成渲染的画面。
在本实施例中，每一帧画面在被渲染后，其渲染结果被存储在预设的缓冲区中，以便被在后帧复用，比如，在第N帧中，采用相关技术分别对画面的全部四个部分进行重新渲染，那么在其完成渲染后，其渲染结果被存储在预设缓冲区(比如纹理缓冲区，Texture Buffer)中，在对第N+1帧进行渲染时，可以从预设缓冲区获取第N帧的渲染结果，以便在第N+1帧中复用第N帧的渲染结果，同时在第N+1帧完成渲染后，将N+1的渲染结果添加到预设缓冲区中，以使N+1的在后帧可以复用第N+1帧的渲染结果。或者，在一些实施方式中，为了节约预设缓冲区的存储空间，也可以采用第N+1帧的渲染结果替换在预设缓冲区中存储的第N帧的渲染结果，这样预设缓冲区将始终存储最新渲染画面的渲染结果，由于在后帧与在前帧之间一般具有更多的相同部分，因此，在后帧能够在最大程度上复用在前帧的渲染结果。
在将当前帧的第一画面数据与前一帧的第二画面数据进行比对时，可以将第一画面数据和第二画面数据中的相应部分进行比对，比如将第一画面数据描述的第一可视范围与第二画面数据中描述的第二可视范围进行比对，确定第一可视范围相对于第二可视范围的虚拟空间位置及大小是否发生变化，将第一画面数据和第二画面数据中用于描述同一静态物体的数据进行比对，确定静态物体的虚拟空间位置及状态是否发生变化，比如，是否由静止状态变成运动状态、结构形状是否发生变化等，将第一画面数据和第二画面数据中用于描述光源的数据进行比对，确定光源的虚拟空间位置(比如高度、方位等)及状态(比如照射角度、照射强度等)是否发生变化。
以一个示例性的例子为例，假设，图3a和图3b是本申请实施例提供的两帧游戏画面的示意图，其中，图3b所示的游戏画面是图3a所示游戏画面的后一帧画面，在对图3b的画面进行渲染时，将图3b和图3a中的相应物体进行比对，对于图3b和图3a来说，由于静态物体31和光源32在虚拟空间中的位置和状态没有发生变化，因此，可以复用其在图3a中的渲染结果，对于图3b的可视范围来说，由于运动物体34的移动，其可视范围相较于图3a发生了变化，静态物体36所在的区域已经出离画面的范围，但是图3a和图3b仍旧有部分重合区域35，因此，可以从图3a的渲染结果中提取重合区域35的渲染结果对图3b中的重合区域进行渲染。对于物体33来说，由于物体33是相较于图3a来说新出现的物体，在图3a中没有相应的渲染效果，因此，需要将物体33和运动物体34一起进行重新渲染，在执行具体的渲染操作时，可以将图3a中对应上述未发生变化的部分的渲染结果复制到预设的内存缓冲区(比如帧缓冲区，Framebuffer)中进行复用，并在该些复用的基础上，对上述发生变化的部分进行增量渲染，得到图3b画面的渲染结果。
通过复用前一帧中相对当前帧没有发生变化的部分的渲染效果，能够避免画面中未发生变化部分的重复渲染，降低了画面渲染的负载，减少了画面渲染对处理资源的占用，提高了渲染帧率的稳定性，增强了画面的流畅度，降低了能耗。
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种第一画面数据与第二画面数据比对方法的流程图，如图4所示，该方法包括：
步骤401、将第一画面数据描述的第一可视范围与第二画面数据描述的第二可视范围进行比对，确定第一可视范围和第二可视范围的重合区域。
步骤402、将第一画面数据和第二画面数据中位于重合区域内的静态物体的虚拟空间位置及状态进行比对，以及将第一画面数据和第二画面数据描述的光源的虚拟空间位置及状态进行比对。
示例的，图5a和图5b是本申请实施例提供的两帧游戏画面的示意图，其中，图5b所示的游戏画面是图5a所示游戏画面的后一帧画面，在图5b中运动物体51在虚拟空间中的位置相对于图5a发生了变化，相应的图5b所示画面的可视范围54相较于图5a也发生了变化。在图5a中只有和图5b重合的区域才存在可复用的渲染结果，因此，在一些实施方式中，为了节约数据比对的计算量，提高渲染效率，可以先基于图5a的可视范围55和图5b的可视范围54确定二者的重合区域52(示例的，在本实施例中，重合区域52即图5a中的可视范围55)，进一步的，再从图5a所示画面的画面数据中提取对应重合区域52的第一数据部分，从图5b所示画面的画面数据中提取对应重合区域52的第二数据部分，基于第一数据部分和第二数据部分确定重合区域52中静态物体53的虚拟空间位置及状态是否发生变化，若静态物体53在虚拟空间的位置及状态均无变化，则可以将图5a中静态物体53的渲染结果复用到图5b中，若静态物体53在图5b中的虚拟空间位置和/或状态相对于图5a发生了变化，则在图5b中重新对静态物体53进行渲染。对于图5b中背景的可视范围，可以在图5b中复用图5a中对应重合区域52的背景渲染结果，并在此基础上对剩余可视范围的背景进行增量渲染。对于光源56及其效果的渲染，基于图5a和图5b的画面数据，将图5b中的光源位置及状态与图5a中的光源位置及状态进行比对，若光源56的位置及状态均未发生变化则复用图5a中关于重合区域52的光效渲染结果，并在此基础上对其他区域进行增量渲染。对于图5b中的运动物体直接重新渲染，得到渲染结果。
通过确定当前画面的第一可视范围与前一帧画面的第二可视范围的重合区域，并对第一画面数据和第二画面数据中用于描述重合区域的部分进行比对，能够在保证比对准确性的同时，避免将全部第一画面数据与全部第二画面数据进行比对，减少了数据比对的计算量，提高了数据比对的效率。
在本申请的一个实施例中，在执行画面渲染操作时还可以包括扩展画面可视范围的步骤，在一种可行的实施方式中，该步骤可以在当前画面的第一可视范围与前一帧画面的第二可视范围的重合区域小于预设范围的情况下执行。示例的，图6是本申请实施例提供的一种画面可视范围的扩展示意图，在图6中实线构成的矩形区域被示例为当前画面的第一可视范围，虚线框与实线框之间的区域为扩展后的可视范围，在当前画面的第一可视范围与前一帧画面的第二可视范围的重合区域的范围小于预设范围时，为了能够在当前帧的后一帧画面的渲染过程中尽可能的使用当前帧的渲染效果，可在实线矩形框内区域的可视分辨率M*N的基础上对当前帧的可视区域进行扩展，使得当前帧能够尽可能的与后一帧具有较大的重合区域，假设M维度扩展量为x，N维度的扩展量为y，则(M+x)*(N+y)即可表示虚线框内的区域范围。
其中，在对当前画面的第一可视范围进行扩展时，M维度上扩展量x和N维度上的扩展量y可以根据预设策略进行设置，比如，在一种方式中，可以将扩展量x和y与当前帧相对于前一帧未发生变化的第一部分的大小进行关联，当第一部分较大时，说明当前帧在渲染过程中可复用的渲染效果较多，渲染负载较小，此时，可以将扩展量x和y设置的相对大一些，使得后一帧画面的可视范围能够与当前画面的可视范围具有尽可能大的重合范围，以便尽量多的复用当前帧的渲染效果。反之当第一部分较小时，说明当前帧在渲染过程中可复用的渲染效果较少，渲染负载较大，此时，为了不增加渲染负担，可以将扩展量x和y设置的相对小一些，甚至可以设置为0，也就是说当前帧的可视范围的扩大量与第一部分的大小之间可以呈正比关系。在另一种方式中，还可以将扩展量x和y与当前帧相对于前一帧发生变化的第二部分的大小进行关联，当第二部分较小时，说明当前帧的渲染负载较小，此时，可以将扩展量x和y设置的相对大一些，反之当第二部分较大时，说明当前帧的渲染负载较大，此时，为了不增加负担，可以将扩展量x和y设置的相对小一些，甚至可以设置为0，也就说当前帧的可视范围的扩大量与第二部分的大小之间可以呈反比关系。
在完成对当前帧的第一可视范围的扩展后，可以将当前帧的第一画面数据中描述的第一可视范围更新为扩大后的可视范围，并将当前记录的前一帧的第二画面数据更新为当前帧的第一画面数据，使得在对当前帧的后一帧进行渲染时，能够将后一帧画面的可视范围与当前帧扩大后的可视范围进行比对，获得较大的重合区域。由于相邻两帧呈现的画面一般是最接近的，因而，通过将第二画面数据更新为第一画面数据，能够使得后一帧的画面渲染能够从时间上最接近的第一画面数据中获取最大的效果复用，降低了渲染负载，提高了渲染效率。
通过对第一可视范围进行扩大，能够确保画面中运动物体在进行小范围移动时，后一帧画面的可视范围能够被包含在当前帧扩大后的可视范围内，或者当运动物体在进行较大范围移动时，后一帧画面能够与当前帧画面具有较大的重合区域，以方便更多的利用在前帧的渲染效果，降低渲染负载。
图7是本申请实施例提供的一种画面处理装置的结构示意图，如图7所示，画面处理装置70包括：
获取模块71，用于获取当前帧的第一画面数据.
比对模块72，用于将所述第一画面数据和当前记录的所述当前帧的前一帧的第二画面数据进行比对，确定所述第一画面数据中相对于所述第二画面数据，未发生变化的第一部分以及发生变化的第二部分.
渲染模块73，用于复用所述前一帧中对应所述第一部分的渲染结果，并对所述当前帧中的所述第二部分进行渲染，以得到并显示所述当前帧的渲染结果。
本实施例提供的画面处理装置能够执行上述图2实施例的方法，其执行方式和有益效果类似在这里不再赘述。
图8是本申请实施例提供的一种画面处理装置的结构示意图，在本实施例中，当前帧的第一画面数据和当前帧的前一帧的第二画面数据中包括画面背景的可视范围，以及静态物体和光源的虚拟空间位置和状态。如图8所示，在上述实施例的基础上，比对模块72可以包括：
第一比对子模块721，用于将所述第一画面数据描述的第一可视范围与所述第二画面数据描述的第二可视范围进行比对，确定所述第一可视范围和所述第二可视范围的重合区域；
第二比对子模块722，用于将所述第一画面数据和所述第二画面数据中位于所述重合区域内的静态物体的虚拟空间位置及状态进行比对，以及
第三比对子模块723，用于将所述第一画面数据和所述第二画面数据描述的所述光源的虚拟空间位置及状态进行比对。
本实施例提供的画面处理装置能够执行上述图4实施例的方法，其执行方式和有益效果类似在这里不再赘述。
图9是本申请实施例提供的一种画面处理装置的结构示意图，如图9所示，在上述实施例的基础上，画面处理装置70还可以包括：
处理模块74，用于在所述重合区域的范围小于预设范围时，在所述第一可视范围的基础上，扩大所述当前帧的可视范围，并对扩大的部分进行渲染。
在一种实施方式中，所述当前帧的可视范围的扩大量与所述未发生变化的第一部分的大小成正比。
在一种实施方式中，所述当前帧的可视范围的扩大量与所述发生变化的第二部分的大小成反比。
在一种实施方式中，所述装置还包括：
第一更新模块，用于将所述第二画面数据中描述的所述第二可视范围更新为扩大后的所述当前帧的可视范围。
在一种实施方式中，所述装置还包括：
第二更新模块，用于将当前记录的所述前一帧的第二画面数据更新为所述当前帧的第一画面数据。
本实施例提供的装置能够执行图6实施例的技术方案，其执行方式和有益效果类似，在这里不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述实施例所述的画面渲染方法。
此外，本申请实施例还提供一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品包括计算机程序，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述实施例所述的画面渲染方法。
此外，本申请实施例还提供一种处理器，该处理器包括：至少一种电路，用于执行如上述实施例所述的画面渲染方法。
本申请实施例还提供的一种电子设备。该电子设备可用于实现上述方法实施例中描述的画面渲染方法。
示例的，所述电子设备可以包括一个或多个处理器和接口，接口与处理器耦合，所述处理器也可以称为处理单元，可以实现一定的控制功能。所述处理器可以是通用处理器或者专用处理器等。
在一种可行的设计中，处理器也可以存有指令，所述指令可以被所述处理器运行，使得所述电子设备执行上述方法实施例中描述的画面渲染方法。
在又一种可能的设计中，电子设备可以包括电路，所述电路可以实现前述方法实施例中获取画面数据和显示渲染结果的部分。
在一种设计中，所述电子设备中可以包括一个或多个存储器，其上存有指令或者中间数据，所述指令可在所述处理器上被运行，使得所述电子设备执行上述方法实施例中描述的方法。在一些实施例中，所述存储器中还可以存储有其他相关数据。所述处理器和存储器可以单独设置，也可以集成在一起。
在一种设计中，所述电子设备还可以包括收发器。
所述处理器可以称为处理单元。所述收发器可以称为收发单元、收发机、收发电路、或者收发器等，用于实现电子设备的收发功能。
本申请中描述的处理器和收发器可实现在集成电路(integrated circuit，IC)、模拟IC、射频集成电路RFIC、混合信号IC、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、印刷电路板(printed circuit board，PCB)、电子设备等上。该处理器和收发器也可以用各种1C工艺技术来制造，例如互补金属氧化物半导体(complementary metal oxide semiconductor,CMOS)、N型金属氧化物半导体(nMetal-oxide-semiconductor，NMOS)、P型金属氧化物半导体(positive channel metal oxide semiconductor,PMOS)、双极结型晶体管(Bipolar Junction Transistor，BJT)、双极CMOS(BiCMOS)、硅锗(SiGe)、砷化镓(GaAs)等。
示例的，图10是本申请实施例提供的一种电子设备的结构示意图，该电子设备可被示例性的理解为移动终端，该电子设备可用于执行上述画面渲染方法，如图10所示，电子设备100可以包括处理器110，外部存储器接口120，内部存储器121，通用串行总线(universal serial bus，USB)接口130，充电管理模块140，电源管理模块141，电池142，天线1，天线2，移动通信模块150，无线通信模块160，音频模块170，扬声器170A，受话器170B，麦克风170C，耳机接口170D，传感器180，按键190，马达191，指示器192，摄像头193，显示屏194，以及用户标识模块(subscriber identification module，SIM)卡接口195等。可以理解的是，本实施例示意的结构并不构成对电子设备100的具体限定。在本申请另一些实施例中，电子设备100可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某 些部件，或者拆分某些部件，或者不同的部件布置。图示的部件可以以硬件，软件，或软件和硬件的组合实现。
处理器110可以包括一个或多个处理单元，例如：处理器110可以包括应用处理器(application processor，AP)，调制解调处理器，图形处理器(graphics processing unit，GPU)，图像信号处理器(image signal processor，ISP)，控制器，视频编解码器，数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)，基带处理器，和/或神经网络处理器(neural-network processing unit，NPU)等。其中，不同的处理单元可以是独立的器件，也可以集成在一个或多个处理器中。在一些实施例中，电子设备100也可以包括一个或多个处理器110。其中，控制器可以是电子设备100的神经中枢和指挥中心。控制器可以根据指令操作码和时序信号，产生操作控制信号，完成取指令和执行指令的控制。处理器110中还可以设置存储器，用于存储指令和数据。在一些实施例中，处理器110中的存储器为高速缓冲存储器。该存储器可以保存处理器110刚用过或循环使用的指令或数据。如果处理器110需要再次使用该指令或数据，可从所述存储器中直接调用。这就避免了重复存取，减少了处理器110的等待时间，因而提高了电子设备100系统的效率。
在一些实施例中，处理器110可以包括一个或多个接口。接口可以包括集成电路(inter-integrated circuit，I2C)接口，集成电路内置音频(inter-integrated circuit sound，I2S)接口，脉冲编码调制(pulse code modulation，PCM)接口，通用异步收发传输器(universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter，UART)接口，移动产业处理器接口(mobile industry processor interface，MIPI)，通用输入输出(general-purpose input/output，GPIO)接口，用户标识模块(subscriber identity module，SIM)接口，和/或通用串行总线(universal serial bus，USB)接口等。其中，USB接口130是符合USB标准规范的接口，具体可以是Mini USB接口，Micro USB接口，USB Type C接口等。USB接口130可以用于连接充电器为电子设备100充电，也可以用于电子设备100与外围设备之间传输数据。也可以用于连接耳机，通过耳机播放音频。
可以理解的是，本发明实施例示意的各模块间的接口连接关系，只是示意性说明，并不构成对电子设备100的结构限定。在本申请另一些实施例中，电子设备100也可以采用上述实施例中不同的接口连接方式，或多种接口连接方式的组合。
充电管理模块140用于从充电器接收充电输入。其中，充电器可以是无线充电器，也可以是有线充电器。在一些有线充电的实施例中，充电管理模块140可以通过USB接口130接收有线充电器的充电输入。在一些无线充电的实施例中，充电管理模块140可以通过电子设备100的无线充电线圈接收无线充电输入。充电管理模块140为电池142充电的同时，还可以通过电源管理模块141为电子设备100供电。
电源管理模块141用于连接电池142，充电管理模块140与处理器110。电源管理模块141接收电池142和/或充电管理模块140的输入，为处理器110，内部存储器121，显示屏194，摄像头193，和无线通信模块160等供电。电源管理模块141还可以用于监测电池容量，电池循环次数，电池健康状态(漏电，阻抗)等参数。在其他一些实施例中，电源管理模块141也可以设置于处理器110中。在另一些实施例中，电源管理模块141和充电管理模块140也可以设置于同一个器件中。
电子设备100的无线通信功能可以通过天线1，天线2，移动通信模块150，无线通信 模块160，调制解调处理器以及基带处理器等实现。天线1和天线2用于发射和接收电磁波信号。电子设备100中的每个天线可用于覆盖单个或多个通信频带。不同的天线还可以复用，以提高天线的利用率。例如：可以将天线1复用为无线局域网的分集天线。在另外一些实施例中，天线可以和调谐开关结合使用。
移动通信模块150可以提供应用在电子设备100上的包括2G/3G/4G/5G等无线通信的解决方案。移动通信模块150可以包括至少一个滤波器，开关，功率放大器，低噪声放大器等。移动通信模块150可以由天线1接收电磁波，并对接收的电磁波进行滤波，放大等处理，传送至调制解调处理器进行解调。移动通信模块150还可以对经调制解调处理器调制后的信号放大，经天线1转为电磁波辐射出去。在一些实施例中，移动通信模块150的至少部分功能模块可以被设置于处理器110中。在一些实施例中，移动通信模块150的至少部分功能模块可以与处理器110的至少部分模块被设置在同一个器件中。
调制解调处理器可以包括调制器和解调器。其中，调制器用于将待发送的低频基带信号调制成中高频信号。解调器用于将接收的电磁波信号解调为低频基带信号。随后解调器将解调得到的低频基带信号传送至基带处理器处理。低频基带信号经基带处理器处理后，被传递给应用处理器。应用处理器通过音频设备(不限于扬声器170A，受话器170B等)输出声音信号，或通过显示屏194显示图像或视频。在一些实施例中，调制解调处理器可以是独立的器件。在另一些实施例中，调制解调处理器可以独立于处理器110，与移动通信模块150或其他功能模块设置在同一个器件中。
无线通信模块160可以提供应用在电子设备100上的包括无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)，蓝牙，全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system，GNSS)，调频(frequency modulation，FM)，NFC，红外技术(infrared，IR)等无线通信的解决方案。无线通信模块160可以是集成至少一个通信处理模块的一个或多个器件。无线通信模块160经由天线2接收电磁波，将电磁波信号调频以及滤波处理，将处理后的信号发送到处理器110。无线通信模块160还可以从处理器110接收待发送的信号，对其进行调频，放大，经天线2转为电磁波辐射出去。
在一些实施例中，电子设备100的天线1和移动通信模块150耦合，天线2和无线通信模块160耦合，使得电子设备100可以通过无线通信技术与网络以及其他设备通信。所述无线通信技术可以包括GSM，GPRS，CDMA，WCDMA，TD-SCDMA，LTE，GNSS，WLAN，NFC，FM，和/或IR技术等。上述GNSS可以包括全球卫星定位系统(global positioning system，GPS)，全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system，GLONASS)，北斗卫星导航系统(beidou navigation satellite system，BDS)，准天顶卫星系统(quasi-zenith satellite system，QZSS)和/或星基增强系统(satellite based augmentation systems，SBAS)。
电子设备100通过GPU，显示屏194，以及应用处理器等可以实现显示功能。GPU为图像处理的微处理器，连接显示屏194和应用处理器。GPU用于执行数学和几何计算，用于图形渲染。处理器110可包括一个或多个GPU，其执行指令以生成或改变显示信息。
显示屏194用于显示图像，视频等。显示屏194包括显示面板。显示面板可以采用液晶显示屏(liquid crystal display，LCD)，有机发光二极管(organic light-emitting diode，OLED)，有源矩阵有机发光二极体或主动矩阵有机发光二极体(active-matrix  organic light emitting diode的，AMOLED)，柔性发光二极管(flex light-emitting diode，FLED)，Miniled，MicroLed，Micro-oLed，量子点发光二极管(quantum dot light emitting diodes，QLED)等。在一些实施例中，电子设备100可以包括1个或N个显示屏194，N为大于1的正整数。
电子设备100可以通过ISP，一个或多个摄像头193，视频编解码器，GPU，一个或多个显示屏194以及应用处理器等实现拍摄功能。
NPU为神经网络(neural-network，NN)计算处理器，通过借鉴生物神经网络结构，例如借鉴人脑神经元之间传递模式，对输入信息快速处理，还可以不断的自学习。通过NPU可以实现电子设备100的智能认知等应用，例如：图像识别，人脸识别，语音识别，文本理解等。
外部存储器接口120可以用于连接外部存储卡，例如Micro SD卡，实现扩展电子设备100的存储能力。外部存储卡通过外部存储器接口120与处理器110通信，实现数据存储功能。例如将音乐、照片、视频等数据文件保存在外部存储卡中。
内部存储器121可以用于存储一个或多个计算机程序，该一个或多个计算机程序包括指令。处理器110可以通过运行存储在内部存储器121的上述指令，从而使得电子设备100执行本申请一些实施例中所提供的语音切换方法，以及各种功能应用以及数据处理等。内部存储器121可以包括存储程序区和存储数据区。其中，存储程序区可存储操作系统；该存储程序区还可以存储一个或多个应用程序(比如图库、联系人等)等。存储数据区可存储电子设备100使用过程中所创建的数据(比如照片，联系人等)等。此外，内部存储器121可以包括高速随机存取存储器，还可以包括非易失性存储器，例如至少一个磁盘存储器件，闪存器件，通用闪存存储器(universal flash storage，UFS)等。在一些实施例中，处理器110可以通过运行存储在内部存储器121的指令，和/或存储在设置于处理器110中的存储器的指令，来使得电子设备100执行本申请实施例中所提供的画面渲染方法，以及各种功能应用及数据处理。
电子设备100可以通过音频模块170，扬声器170A，受话器170B，麦克风170C，耳机接口170D，以及应用处理器等实现音频功能。例如音乐播放，录音等。其中，音频模块170用于将数字音频信息转换成模拟音频信号输出，也用于将模拟音频输入转换为数字音频信号。音频模块170还可以用于对音频信号编码和解码。在一些实施例中，音频模块170可以设置于处理器110中，或将音频模块170的部分功能模块设置于处理器110中。扬声器170A，也称“喇叭”，用于将音频电信号转换为声音信号。电子设备100可以通过扬声器170A收听音乐，或收听免提通话。受话器170B，也称“听筒”，用于将音频电信号转换成声音信号。当电子设备100接听电话或语音信息时，可以通过将受话器170B靠近人耳接听语音。麦克风170C，也称“话筒”，“传声器”，用于将声音信号转换为电信号。当拨打电话或发送语音信息时，用户可以通过人嘴靠近麦克风170C发声，将声音信号输入到麦克风170C。电子设备100可以设置至少一个麦克风170C。在另一些实施例中，电子设备100可以设置两个麦克风170C，除了采集声音信号，还可以实现降噪功能。在另一些实施例中，电子设备100还可以设置三个，四个或更多麦克风170C，实现采集声音信号，降噪，还可以识别声音来源，实现定向录音功能等。耳机接口170D用于连接有线耳机。耳机接口170D可以是USB接口130，也可以是3.5mm的开放移动电子设备平台(open mobile  terminal platform，OMTP)标准接口，还可以是美国蜂窝电信工业协会(cellular telecommunications industry association of the USA，CTIA)标准接口。
传感器180可以包括压力传感器180A，陀螺仪传感器180B，气压传感器180C，磁传感器180D，加速度传感器180E，距离传感器180F，接近光传感器180G，指纹传感器180H，温度传感器180J，触摸传感器180K，环境光传感器180L，骨传导传感器180M等。
其中，压力传感器180A用于感受压力信号，可以将压力信号转换成电信号。在一些实施例中，压力传感器180A可以设置于显示屏194。压力传感器180A的种类很多，如电阻式压力传感器，电感式压力传感器，电容式压力传感器等。电容式压力传感器可以是包括至少两个具有导电材料的平行板。当有力作用于压力传感器180A，电极之间的电容改变。电子设备100根据电容的变化确定压力的强度。当有触摸操作作用于显示屏194，电子设备100根据压力传感器180A检测所述触摸操作强度。电子设备100也可以根据压力传感器180A的检测信号计算触摸的位置。在一些实施例中，作用于相同触摸位置，但不同触摸操作强度的触摸操作，可以对应不同的操作指令。例如：当有触摸操作强度小于第一压力阈值的触摸操作作用于短消息应用图标时，执行查看短消息的指令。当有触摸操作强度大于或等于第一压力阈值的触摸操作作用于短消息应用图标时，执行新建短消息的指令。
陀螺仪传感器180B可以用于确定电子设备100的运动姿态。在一些实施例中，可以通过陀螺仪传感器180B确定电子设备100围绕三个轴(即，x，y和z轴)的角速度。陀螺仪传感器180B可以用于拍摄防抖。示例性的，当按下快门，陀螺仪传感器180B检测电子设备100抖动的角度，根据角度计算出镜头模组需要补偿的距离，让镜头通过反向运动抵消电子设备100的抖动，实现防抖。陀螺仪传感器180B还可以用于导航，体感游戏场景等。
加速度传感器180E可检测电子设备100在各个方向上(一般为三轴)加速度的大小。当电子设备100静止时可检测出重力的大小及方向。还可以用于识别电子设备姿态，应用于横竖屏切换，计步器等应用。
距离传感器180F，用于测量距离。电子设备100可以通过红外或激光测量距离。在一些实施例中，拍摄场景，电子设备100可以利用距离传感器180F测距以实现快速对焦。
接近光传感器180G可以包括例如发光二极管(LED)和光检测器，例如光电二极管。发光二极管可以是红外发光二极管。电子设备100通过发光二极管向外发射红外光。电子设备100使用光电二极管检测来自附近物体的红外反射光。当检测到充分的反射光时，可以确定电子设备100附近有物体。当检测到不充分的反射光时，电子设备100可以确定电子设备100附近没有物体。电子设备100可以利用接近光传感器180G检测用户手持电子设备100贴近耳朵通话，以便自动熄灭屏幕达到省电的目的。接近光传感器180G也可用于皮套模式，口袋模式自动解锁与锁屏。
环境光传感器180L用于感知环境光亮度。电子设备100可以根据感知的环境光亮度自适应调节显示屏194亮度。环境光传感器180L也可用于拍照时自动调节白平衡。环境光传感器180L还可以与接近光传感器180G配合，检测电子设备100是否在口袋里，以防误触。
指纹传感器180H(也称为指纹识别器)，用于采集指纹。电子设备100可以利用采集的指纹特性实现指纹解锁，访问应用锁，指纹拍照，指纹接听来电等。另外，关于指纹传 感器的其他记载可以参见名称为“处理通知的方法及电子设备”的国际专利申请PCT/CN2017/082773，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
触摸传感器180K，也可称触控面板或触敏表面。触摸传感器180K可以设置于显示屏194，由触摸传感器180K与显示屏194组成触摸屏，也称触控屏。触摸传感器180K用于检测作用于其上或附近的触摸操作。触摸传感器可以将检测到的触摸操作传递给应用处理器，以确定触摸事件类型。可以通过显示屏194提供与触摸操作相关的视觉输出。在另一些实施例中，触摸传感器180K也可以设置于电子设备100的表面，与显示屏194所处的位置不同。
骨传导传感器180M可以获取振动信号。在一些实施例中，骨传导传感器180M可以获取人体声部振动骨块的振动信号。骨传导传感器180M也可以接触人体脉搏，接收血压跳动信号。在一些实施例中，骨传导传感器180M也可以设置于耳机中，结合成骨传导耳机。音频模块170可以基于所述骨传导传感器180M获取的声部振动骨块的振动信号，解析出语音信号，实现语音功能。应用处理器可以基于所述骨传导传感器180M获取的血压跳动信号解析心率信息，实现心率检测功能。
按键190包括开机键，音量键等。按键190可以是机械按键，也可以是触摸式按键。电子设备100可以接收按键输入，产生与电子设备100的用户设置以及功能控制有关的键信号输入。
SIM卡接口195用于连接SIM卡。SIM卡可以通过插入SIM卡接口195，或从SIM卡接口195拔出，实现和电子设备100的接触和分离。电子设备100可以支持1个或N个SIM卡接口，N为大于1的正整数。SIM卡接口195可以支持Nano SIM卡，Micro SIM卡，SIM卡等。同一个SIM卡接口195可以同时插入多张卡。所述多张卡的类型可以相同，也可以不同。SIM卡接口195也可以兼容不同类型的SIM卡。SIM卡接口195也可以兼容外部存储卡。电子设备100通过SIM卡和网络交互，实现通话以及数据通信等功能。在一些实施例中，电子设备100采用eSIM，即：嵌入式SIM卡。eSIM卡可以嵌在电子设备100中，不能和电子设备100分离。
本领域技术人员能够领会，本申请的技术可在各种各样的装置或设备中实施，包含无线手持机、集成电路(IC)或一组IC(例如，芯片组)。本申请中描述各种组件、模块或单元是为了强调用于执行所揭示的技术的装置的功能方面，但未必需要由不同硬件单元实现。实际上，如上文所描述，各种单元可结合合适的软件和/或固件组合在编码解码器硬件单元中，或者通过互操作硬件单元(包含如上文所描述的一或多个处理器)来提供。
以上所述，仅为本申请示例性的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应该以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种画面渲染方法，其特征在于，包括：
    获取当前帧的第一画面数据；
    将所述第一画面数据和当前记录的所述当前帧的前一帧的第二画面数据进行比对，确定所述第一画面数据中相对于所述第二画面数据，未发生变化的第一部分以及发生变化的第二部分；
    复用所述前一帧中对应所述第一部分的渲染结果，并对所述当前帧中的所述第二部分进行渲染，以得到并显示所述当前帧的渲染结果。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一画面数据和所述第二画面数据中包括画面背景的可视范围，以及静态物体和光源的虚拟空间位置及状态。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述将所述第一画面数据和当前记录的所述当前帧的前一帧的第二画面数据进行比对，包括：
    将所述第一画面数据描述的第一可视范围与所述第二画面数据描述的第二可视范围进行比对，确定所述第一可视范围和所述第二可视范围的重合区域；
    将所述第一画面数据和所述第二画面数据中位于所述重合区域内的静态物体的虚拟空间位置及状态进行比对，以及
    将所述第一画面数据和所述第二画面数据描述的所述光源的虚拟空间位置及状态进行比对。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    若所述重合区域的范围小于预设范围，则在所述第一可视范围的基础上，扩大所述当前帧的可视范围，并对扩大的部分进行渲染。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述当前帧的可视范围的扩大量与所述未发生变化的第一部分的大小成正比。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述当前帧的可视范围的扩大量与所述发生变化的第二部分的大小成反比。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：将所述第一画面数据中描述的所述第一可视范围更新为扩大后的所述当前帧的可视范围。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    将当前记录的所述前一帧的第二画面数据更新为所述当前帧的第一画面数据。
  9. 一种画面处理装置，其特征在于，包括：
    获取模块，用于获取当前帧的第一画面数据；
    比对模块，用于将所述第一画面数据和当前记录的所述当前帧的前一帧的第二画面数据进行比对，确定所述第一画面数据中相对于所述第二画面数据，未发生变化的第一部分以及发生变化的第二部分；
    渲染模块，用于复用所述前一帧中对应所述第一部分的渲染结果，并对所述当前帧中的所述第二部分进行渲染，以得到并显示所述当前帧的渲染结果。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一画面数据和所述第二画面数据中包括画面背景的可视范围，以及静态物体和光源的虚拟空间位置和状态。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的装置，其特征在于，所述比对模块包括：
    第一比对子模块，用于将所述第一画面数据描述的第一可视范围与所述第二画面数据描述的第二可视范围进行比对，确定所述第一可视范围和所述第二可视范围的重合区域；
    第二比对子模块，用于将所述第一画面数据和所述第二画面数据中位于所述重合区域内的静态物体的虚拟空间位置及状态进行比对，以及
    第三比对子模块，用于将所述第一画面数据和所述第二画面数据描述的所述光源的虚拟空间位置及状态进行比对。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    处理模块，用于在所述重合区域的范围小于预设范围时，在所述第一可视范围的基础上，扩大所述当前帧的可视范围，并对扩大的部分进行渲染。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的装置，其特征在于，所述当前帧的可视范围的扩大量与所述未发生变化的第一部分的大小成正比。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的装置，其特征在于，所述当前帧的可视范围的扩大量与所述发生变化的第二部分的大小成反比。
  15. 根据权利要求12所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    第一更新模块，用于将所述第二画面数据中描述的所述第二可视范围更新为扩大后的所述当前帧的可视范围。
  16. 根据权利要求9-15中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    第二更新模块，用于将当前记录的所述前一帧的第二画面数据更新为所述当前帧的第一画面数据。
  17. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括接口和处理器，所述接口和所述处理器耦合；
    所述处理器用于执行权利要求1-8中任一项所述的方法。
  18. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的方法。
  19. 一种程序产品，其特征在于，所述程序产品包括计算机程序，所述计算机程序存储在可读存储介质中，通信装置的至少一个处理器可以从所述可读存储介质读取所述计算机程序，所述至少一个处理器执行所述计算机程序使得通信装置实施如权利要求1-8任意一项所述的方法。
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