WO2021073176A1

WO2021073176A1 - Vertical soil-entering perforating device for pot seedling transplanting and perforating method therefor

Info

Publication number: WO2021073176A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/101391
Authority: WO
Inventors: 全伟; 吴明亮; 代振维; 肖瑶; 唐叶
Original assignee: 湖南农业大学
Priority date: 2019-10-16
Filing date: 2020-07-10
Publication date: 2021-04-22
Also published as: CN110612794A; CN110612794B

Abstract

Disclosed is a vertical soil-entering perforating device for pot seedling transplanting. The vertical soil-entering perforating device for pot seedling transplanting comprises a rack (1), and a vertical perforating mechanism (2), side plates (3) and a side plate reciprocating driving mechanism which are mounted on the rack (1), wherein the side plates (3) are slidably connected to two sides of the rack (1), the vertical perforating mechanism (2) is mounted on the side plates (3), and an execution end of the side plate reciprocating driving mechanism is connected to the side plates (3) so as to drive the vertical perforating mechanism (2) to perform static movement relative to the ground. Further disclosed is a perforating method. Vertical soil entering and exiting of the perforating mechanism can be guaranteed by means of the vertical soil-entering perforating device, soil sampling-type hole-forming operation is used, and disturbance to the soil around a hole can be reduced while the outline size of the hole is guaranteed to be stable, thereby improving the pot seedling transplanting quality.

Description

Vertical soil-entry perforating device for transplanting pot seedlings and perforating method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and specifically relates to a vertical soil-entry punching device for pot seedling transplanting and a punching method thereof.

Background technique

Rapeseed is an important oil crop. Rapeseed oil accounts for about 40% of the edible vegetable oil of Chinese residents. The planting area is 7 million and the total output is 12 million tons, ranking first in the world. At present, rapeseed planting mainly has two modes, direct seeding and transplanting. However, rapeseed planting in the Yangtze River basin still follows the rape transplanting planting model, and most of the existing rapeseed transplanting is done manually by pure labor, and the overall economic benefits are low. Therefore, It is necessary to develop rape transplanting machinery. The mechanized pot seedling transplanting of rape can not only alleviate the contradiction between crop stubble, but also take into account the advantages of mechanized operation and transplanting planting at the same time, and effectively improve operation efficiency and planting quality. Relevant research shows that hole-drilling transplanting The machine has a good scientific research prospect, and the hole forming device is the most important working part of the transplanting machine.

In recent years, many pore-forming devices have appeared, but most of them use rotary forced extrusion for drilling operations. This kind of operation will cause the hole shape and size to be too large, the porosity of the soil around the hole becomes smaller, and the The disturbance of the soil around the hole and other problems have an adverse effect on the production of rape pot seedlings.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a vertical soil-entry punching device and a punching method for pot seedling transplanting, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention first discloses a vertical soil drilling device for transplanting pot seedlings, comprising a frame and a vertical drilling mechanism installed on the frame, a side plate and a side plate reciprocating drive mechanism , The side plate is slidably connected to both sides of the frame, the vertical punching mechanism is installed on the side plate, and the execution end of the side plate reciprocating drive mechanism is connected with the side plate to drive the The vertical punching mechanism makes a static motion relative to the ground.

Further, the side plate reciprocating drive mechanism includes a side plate power input shaft, a side plate power input wheel, a side plate power gear and a side plate power rack, and the side plate power input shaft is pivotally connected to the frame, The side plate power input wheel and the side plate power gear are mounted on the side plate power input shaft, the side plate power rack is fixedly connected to the side plate, and the side plate power gear and side plate power teeth Strip meshing transmission.

Further, the side plates are arranged on both sides of the vertical punching mechanism and are fixed as a whole by a side plate connecting plate, and the upper and lower sides of the side plate are slidably connected to the guide grooves provided on the frame .

Further, the vertical punching mechanism includes a bracket, a duckbill, a push rod, a duckbill return spring, a push rod reciprocating drive mechanism, and a bracket reciprocating drive mechanism. The duckbill is pivotally connected to the bracket, and the duckbill The two ends of the return spring are respectively connected with the two half duckbills of the duckbill, the push rod extends into the duckbill, and the executive end of the push rod reciprocating drive mechanism is connected with the push rod to drive the duckbill. The duckbill is opened and closed, and the execution end of the reciprocating drive mechanism of the support is in transmission connection with the support to drive the support to move up and down.

Further, the push rod reciprocating drive mechanism includes a push rod drive wheel, a push rod power input shaft and a push rod cam, the push rod power input shaft is pivotally connected to the bracket, the push rod drive wheel and the push rod cam Installed on the push rod power input shaft, the push rod is slidably connected with the bracket and a push rod return spring is sleeved, and the push rod cam is in a transmission connection with the push rod.

Further, the lower end of the push rod is provided with a horizontally arranged spreading rod, both ends of the spreading rod are detachably sleeved with a lower roller contacting the inner wall of the half-duckbill, and the upper end of the push rod can be An upper roller contacted with the push rod cam is detachably sleeved.

Further, the support reciprocating drive mechanism includes a support power input shaft, a support cam and a support drive wheel mounted on the support power input shaft, and a support return spring is arranged in the sliding groove of the support and the side plate, and The support power input shaft is pivotally connected with the side plate, and the support cam is in transmission connection with the support.

Further, it also includes a pin shaft pivotally connected to the bracket, and a pin sleeve is detachably provided on the pin shaft, and the pin sleeve is in contact with the bracket cam.

Then, the present invention discloses a vertical soil-entry drilling method, including the vertical soil-entry drilling device for pot seedling transplanting as described in the above scheme, including the following steps:

S1. Drive the side plate power input wheel to keep the vertical punching mechanism stationary relative to the ground;

S2. Drive the bracket driving wheel to control the downward movement of the duckbill, and at the same time drive the push rod driving wheel to make the duckbill enter the soil in a half-open posture;

S3. After the support reaches the lowest position, the support driving wheel drives the support upward, and the push rod driving wheel drives the push rod upward. During the upward movement of the push rod, the duckbill is closed under the action of the duckbill return spring to complete the soil extraction process. ；

S4. When the duckbill moves upward to the highest point, the push rod is controlled to drive the push rod to drive the wheel to be relatively stationary with the bracket;

S5. Reduce the speed of the power input wheel of the side plate, control the drive push rod to open the duckbill, and complete the dumping process.

Further, in the step S5, after the support moves down to be close to the ground, the rotation speed of the side plate power input wheel is reduced, and the push rod is driven to open the duckbill to discharge soil.

Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

The present invention addresses the problems of poor hole-forming quality of the existing hole-forming device and large disturbance to the surrounding soil of the hole, and provides a vertical-entry type hole-forming device, which can ensure that the hole-forming mechanism vertically enters and unearths the soil, and adopts soil extraction The hole-forming operation can reduce the disturbance to the soil around the hole under the condition of ensuring the stability of the shape of the hole, thereby improving the survival rate of the pot seedling, and is also conducive to the growth of the pot seedling.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Description of the drawings

The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the attached picture:

Fig. 1 is a first schematic front view of a vertical soil-entry drilling device for pot seedling transplanting disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention (with the left side plate removed);

Fig. 2 is a right side schematic view of the vertical soil drilling device for pot seedling transplanting disclosed in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic front view of the vertical punching mechanism disclosed in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic right side view of the vertical punching mechanism disclosed in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram for a push rod disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

illustration:

1. Frame; 2. Vertical drilling mechanism; 3. Side plate; 4. Side plate power input shaft; 5. Side plate power input wheel; 6. Side plate power gear; 7. Side plate power rack; 8. Side plate connecting plate; 9. Guide groove; 10. Bracket; 11. Duckbill; 12. Push rod; 13. Duckbill return spring; 14. Half duckbill; 15. Push rod drive wheel; 16. Push rod cam; 17. Push rod return spring; 18. Spread rod; 19. Lower roller; 20, Upper roller; 21, Bracket power input shaft; 22, Bracket cam; 23, Bracket drive wheel; 24, Slide groove; 25, Bracket reset Spring; 26, pin shaft; 27, pin sleeve; 28, frame bearing; 29, frame bearing end cover; 30, duckbill support shaft; 31, push rod pin; 32, latch pin; 33, bracket bearing 34. Bracket end cover; 35. Side plate bearing; 36. Side plate end cover; 37. Push rod power input shaft.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention can be implemented in many different ways defined and covered by the claims.

As shown in Figures 1-5, the present invention first discloses a vertical drilling device for pot seedling transplanting, including a frame 1 and a vertical drilling mechanism 2, a side plate 3, and a vertical drilling mechanism installed on the frame 1. Side plate reciprocating drive mechanism, side plate 3 is slidably connected to both sides of frame 1, vertical punching mechanism 2 is installed on side plate 3, and the executive end of the side plate reciprocating drive mechanism is connected with side plate 3 to drive the vertical punching mechanism 2 Do a static motion relative to the ground. Specifically, you only need to ensure that the speed of the side plate 3 forward is equal to the speed of the entire device on the ground, so as to ensure that the vertical punching mechanism 2 achieves "zero speed" punching, and then Under the condition that the shape and size of the hole is stable, the disturbance to the soil around the hole is reduced. In this embodiment, the side plate reciprocating drive mechanism includes a side plate power input shaft 4, a side plate power input wheel 5, a side plate power gear 6 and a side plate power rack 7. The side plate power input wheel 5 can be installed on the machine Driven by the prime mover on the frame 1, the two ends of the side plate power input shaft 4 are pivotally connected to the frame bearing 28 on the frame 1, and the frame bearing 28 is limited by the frame bearing end cover 29, and the side plate power input The wheel 5 is a sprocket, which is mounted on the side plate power input shaft 4 with the side plate power gear 6 to drive the side plate power input shaft 4 to rotate, the side plate power rack 7 is welded to the side plate 3, and the side plate power gear 6 It meshes with the side plate power rack 7 for transmission.

In this embodiment, the side plates 3 are arranged on both sides of the vertical punching mechanism 2 and are fixed as a whole by a side plate connecting plate 8, thereby improving the overall rigidity of the symmetrically arranged side plates 3. The upper and lower sides of the side plates 3 They are all slidably connected to the guide grooves 9 provided on the frame 1, so that the side plates 3 are clamped in the guide grooves 9 on the upper and lower sides, and can only move back and forth.

In this embodiment, the vertical punching mechanism 2 includes a bracket 10, a duckbill 11, a push rod 12, a duckbill return spring 13, a push rod reciprocating drive mechanism, and a bracket reciprocating drive mechanism. The duckbill 11 is pivotally connected to the bracket 10. The bracket 10 has a similar H-shaped structure. The duckbill return spring 13 is a spring in a stretched state, and its two ends are respectively connected with the two half duckbills 14 of the duckbill 11 to ensure that the two half duckbills 14 remain closed. Two half duckbills 14 are hinged on a duckbill support shaft 30 at the same time. The two ends of the duckbill support shaft 30 are inserted into the lower side of the bracket 10, the push rod 12 extends into the duckbill 11, and the push rod reciprocating drive mechanism The executive end is connected with the push rod 12 to drive the duckbill 11 to open and close, and the executive end of the reciprocating drive mechanism of the bracket is connected with the bracket 10 in a transmission manner to drive the bracket 10 to move up and down. Specifically, the push rod reciprocating drive mechanism includes a push rod drive wheel 15, a push rod power input shaft 37 and a push rod cam 16. The push rod drive wheel 15 is also a sprocket, which drives the push rod cam by driving the push rod power input shaft 37. 16 is rotated, the push rod power input shaft 37 is pivotally connected to the top of the bracket 10. Similarly, the push rod power input shaft 37 is sleeved with the bracket bearing 33 on the bracket 10, and the push rod power input shaft 37 can be installed on the bracket 10 by Driven by the prime mover, and limited by the bracket end cover 34 installed on the bracket 10, the push rod driving wheel 15 and the push rod cam 16 are installed on the push rod power input shaft 37, and the push rod 12 is slidably connected to the bracket 10 and sleeved A push rod return spring 17 is connected. The push rod return spring 17 is kept in a compressed state so as to maintain the upward movement of the duckbill 11. Specifically, the lower end of the push rod return spring 17 is limited by the bracket 10, and the upper end is set horizontally by the push rod 12. A step limit formed by the push rod pin shaft 31, the push rod cam 16 and the push rod 12 are drivingly connected.

In this embodiment, the lower end of the push rod 12 is provided with a horizontally arranged spreading rod 18, and both ends of the spreading rod 18 are detachably sleeved with a lower roller 19 contacting the inner wall of the half duckbill 14, and the lower roller 19 passes The pin 32 is restricted, and the upper end of the push rod 12 is detachably sleeved with an upper roller 20 in contact with the push rod cam 16, and the upper roller 20 is restricted by the latch 32, so that through the rolling friction between the lower roller 19 and the half duckbill 14, Reduce the abrasion of the inner wall of the half duckbill 14.

In this embodiment, the support reciprocating drive mechanism includes a support power input shaft 21 and a support cam 22 and a support drive wheel 23 mounted on the support power input shaft 21. The support drive wheel 23 is a sprocket, which is also driven by the support power input shaft. 21 further drives the bracket cam 22 to rotate. A bracket return spring 25 is provided in the sliding groove 24 where the bracket 10 and the side plate 3 are slidably connected. The bracket return spring 25 is also in a compressed state, so as to maintain the upward movement tendency of the bracket 10. 10 can drive the duckbill 11 to return upward under the action of the support return spring 25. The support driving wheel 23 can be driven by the prime mover mounted on the side plate 3. The support power input shaft 21 is pivotally connected to the side plate 3. Similarly, the support power input shaft 21 and the side plate bearing 35 installed on the side plate 3 are set. The side plate bearing 35 is restricted by the side plate end cover 36. The bracket cam 22 is in transmission connection with the bracket 10. Specifically, a pin shaft 26 is pivotally connected to the bracket 10, and a pin sleeve 27 is detachably provided on the pin shaft 26, and the pin sleeve 27 is in contact with the bracket cam 22.

Then, the present invention discloses a vertical soil-entry drilling method, including the above-mentioned scheme of the vertical soil-entry drilling device for pot seedling transplanting, including the following steps:

S1. Drive the side plate power input wheel 5 to keep the vertical punching mechanism 2 stationary relative to the ground, so as to ensure that the duckbill 11 enters and unearths vertically;

S2. Drive the support driving wheel 23 to control the downward movement of the duckbill 11, and at the same time drive the spreading rod 18 of the push rod driving wheel 15 to open the half duckbill 14 so that the duckbill 11 enters the soil in a half-open posture;

S3. After the bracket 10 reaches the lowest position (the half duckbill 14 is inserted into the soil at this time), the bracket driving wheel 23 drives the bracket 10 to move upwards, while the push rod driving wheel 15 drives the push rod to move upwards. During the upward movement of the push rod 12, The duckbill 11 is closed under the action of the duckbill return spring 13 to complete the earth borrowing process;

S4. When the duckbill 11 moves up to the highest point, the push rod driving wheel 15 is controlled to drive the push rod 12 to be relatively stationary with the support 10, so that the duckbill 11 is closed under the action of the duckbill return spring 13;

S5. Reduce the rotation speed of the side plate power input wheel 5, control the drive push rod 12 to open the duckbill 11, so as to ensure that the soil is discharged between the two adjacent holes in the front and rear, thereby completing the soil discharge process.

In this embodiment, in step S5, after the support 10 moves down to close to the ground, the rotation speed of the side plate power input wheel 5 is reduced, and the push rod 12 is driven to open the duckbill 11 to discharge soil, so as to minimize the time of soil discharge. Impact on the soil, minimize the disturbance to the soil around the hole.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

A vertical soil drilling device for transplanting pot seedlings, which is characterized in that it comprises a frame (1), a vertical drilling mechanism (2) and a side plate (3) installed on the frame (1) And a side plate reciprocating drive mechanism, the side plate (3) is slidably connected to both sides of the frame (1), the vertical punching mechanism (2) is installed on the side plate (3), the The execution end of the side plate reciprocating drive mechanism is connected with the side plate (3) to drive the vertical punching mechanism (2) to move stationary relative to the ground.
The vertical soil drilling device for transplanting pot seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the side plate reciprocating drive mechanism comprises a side plate power input shaft (4), a side plate power input wheel (5), The side plate power gear (6) and the side plate power rack (7), the side plate power input shaft (4) is pivotally connected to the frame (1), the side plate power input wheels (5), The side plate power gear (6) is installed on the side plate power input shaft (4), the side plate power rack (7) is fixed to the side plate (3), and the side plate power gear ( 6) Mesh transmission with the side plate power rack (7).
The vertical soil-entry punching device for transplanting pot seedlings according to claim 2, wherein the side plates (3) are arranged on both sides of the vertical punching mechanism (2) and pass through a side plate. The connecting plate (8) is fixedly connected as a whole, and the upper and lower sides of the side plate (3) are slidably connected with the guide groove (9) provided on the frame (1).
The vertical hole drilling device for pot seedling transplanting according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the vertical hole drilling mechanism (2) comprises a bracket (10), a duckbill (11), a pusher Rod (12), duckbill return spring (13), push rod reciprocating drive mechanism and bracket reciprocating drive mechanism, the duckbill (11) is pivotally connected to the bracket (10), the duckbill return spring (13) ) Are respectively connected to the two half duckbills (14) of the duckbill (11), the push rod (12) extends into the duckbill (11), and the push rod reciprocating drive mechanism The executive end is connected with the push rod (12) to drive the duckbill (11) to open and close, and the executive end of the reciprocating drive mechanism of the support is connected to the support (10) in transmission to drive the support (10) up and down movement.
The vertical soil drilling device for transplanting pot seedlings according to claim 4, wherein the push rod reciprocating drive mechanism includes a push rod drive wheel (15), a push rod power input shaft (37) and a push rod A lever cam (16), the push rod power input shaft (37) is pivotally connected to the bracket (10), the push rod drive wheel (15) and the push rod cam (16) are mounted on the push rod power input On the shaft (37), the push rod (12) is slidably connected to the bracket (10) and a push rod return spring (17) is sleeved, the push rod cam (16) and the push rod (12) Transmission connection.
The vertical soil-entry drilling device for transplanting pot seedlings according to claim 5, wherein the lower end of the push rod (12) is provided with a horizontally arranged spreading rod (18), and the spreading rod The two ends of (18) are detachably sleeved with a lower roller (19) in contact with the inner wall of the half duckbill (14), and the upper end of the push rod (12) is detachably sleeved with a cam with the push rod (16) The upper roller (20) in contact.
The vertical soil drilling device for transplanting pot seedlings according to claim 4, wherein the reciprocating drive mechanism of the support comprises a support power input shaft (21) and a power input shaft (21) mounted on the support The bracket cam (22) and the bracket driving wheel (23) on the upper bracket, the bracket (10) and the side plate (3) are slidably connected to the slide groove (24) provided with a bracket return spring (25), and the bracket power input The shaft (21) is pivotally connected with the side plate (3), and the bracket cam (22) is drivingly connected with the bracket (10).
The vertical soil-entry drilling device for transplanting pot seedlings according to claim 7, characterized in that it further comprises a pin shaft (26) pivotally connected to the bracket (10), and the pin shaft (26) is A pin sleeve (27) is detachably provided, and the pin sleeve (27) is in contact with the bracket cam (22).
A vertical soil-entry drilling method, characterized in that it comprises the vertical soil-entry drilling device for pot seedling transplanting according to any one of claims 1-8, and comprises the following steps:

S1. Drive the side plate power input wheel (5) to keep the vertical punching mechanism (2) stationary relative to the ground;

S2. Drive the support driving wheel (23) to control the downward movement of the duckbill (11), and at the same time drive the push rod driving wheel (15) to make the duckbill (11) enter the soil in a half-open posture;

S3. After the bracket (10) reaches the lowest position, the bracket driving wheel (23) drives the bracket (10) to move upwards, while the push rod driving wheel (15) drives the push rod (12) to move upwards, and the push rod (12) moves upwards. In the middle, the duckbill (11) is closed under the action of the duckbill return spring (13) to complete the soil borrowing process;

S4. When the duckbill (11) moves up to the highest point, the push rod driving wheel (15) is controlled to drive the push rod (12) to be relatively stationary with the bracket (10);

S5. Reduce the speed of the side plate power input wheel (5), control the driving push rod (12) to open the duckbill (11), and complete the dumping process.
The vertical drilling method according to claim 9, characterized in that, in the step S5, after the support (10) moves down to be close to the ground, the rotation speed of the side plate power input wheel (5) is reduced, and the drive The push rod (12) opens the duckbill (11) to discharge soil.