Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
  • A01H13/00—Algae
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
  • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
  • C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
  • A01N31/02—Acyclic compounds
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
  • A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
  • A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
  • A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
  • A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N61/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing substances of unknown or undetermined composition, e.g. substances characterised only by the mode of action
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
  • A01N65/03—Algae
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
  • A01P17/00—Pest repellants
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
  • A01P21/00—Plant growth regulators
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
  • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
  • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
  • C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
  • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
  • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
  • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
  • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
  • C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
  • C05G5/27—Dispersions, e.g. suspensions or emulsions

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a concentrated algal extract having a percentage dry matter between 18.0% to 36.0% or its use to stimulate the gene expression in plants.
• the present invention also relates to a concentrated algal extract characterized by the presence of active agents like Fucoidans (6-12g/kg), Glycine Betaine (8-47 mg/Kg)), Laminine (208-335 mg/Kg), and Mannitol (30-60 g/Kg).
• Plant biostimulants are input compounds or compound complexes that offer a potential alternative to traditional, agro-chemical inputs.
• plant biostimulants contain substance(s) and/or microorganisms whose function when applied to plants or the rhizosphere is to stimulate natural processes to enhance/benefit nutrient uptake, nutrient efficiency, tolerance to abiotic stresses, and crop quality”.
• Algae or seaweed extract are one of the input agents described as biostimulant by the EBIC.
• Seaweeds are multicellular, macroscopic organisms found in coastal, marine ecosystems and possess high quantity of polysaccharides, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), enzymes, minerals, bioactive enzymes and other components. These extracts are known to enable better seed germination, especially by promoting plant emergence.
• the most widely researched seaweed is Ascophyllum nodosum and various commercial products are available from the extracts of Ascophyllum nodosum. These extracts have been reported to improve the plant growth.
• An object of the present invention is to provide an algal extract of Ascophyllum nodosum having maximum efficacy. It is an object of the present invention to provide an algal extract of Ascophyllum nodosum having a characteristic active agents distribution profile and the link of these markers with efficiency.
• Yet another object of this invention is to provide a process for preparing an algal extract of Ascophyllum nodosum having a predetermined dry matter content.
• Yet another object of this invention is to provide a process for preparing an algal extract of Ascophyllum nodosum having a characteristic active agents distribution profile leading to an improved efficacy.
• Yet another object of this invention is to provide a use of seaweed extract of Ascophyllum nodosum for biostimulating the plant growth.
• Yet another object of this invention is to provide a use of seaweed extract of Ascophyllum nodosum as bird repellant.
• Yet another object of this invention is to provide a use of seaweed extract of Ascophyllum nodosum as a seed coating agent.
• Yet another object of this invention is to provide a combination comprising an algal extract of Ascophyllum nodosum with nutritive, biostimulating or another agrochemical.
• the present invention provides an algal extract of Ascophyllum nodosum with dry matter between about 18%-36%.
• the present invention provides an algal extract of Ascophyllum nodosum with dry matter between about 24%-36%.
• the present invention provides an algal extract of Ascophyllum nodosum with dry matter between about 24%-30%.
• the present invention provides an algal extract of Ascophyllum nodosum characterized by the concentrations of active agents Fucoidans being about 6-15 g/kg, Glycine Betaine being about 8-47 mg/Kg, Laminine being about 208- 438 mg/Kg, and Mannitol being about 30-60 g/Kg by fresh weight of the algal extract.
• the present invention provides a process for preparation of algal extract of Ascophyllum nodosum with dry matter of 18%-36%.
• the present invention provides a process for preparation of algal extract of Ascophyllum nodosum characterized by different active agents fucoidans being about 6-12g/kg, glycine betaine being about 8-47 mg/Kg, laminine being about 208-335 mg/Kg, and mannitol being about 30-60 g/Kg, by weight of the algal extract.
• the present invention provides the use of seaweed extract of Ascophyllum nodosum for biostimulating the plant growth.
• the present invention provides the use of seaweed extract of Ascophyllum nodosum as bird repellant.
• the present invention provides the use of seaweed extract of Ascophyllum nodosum as seed coating agent.
• the present invention provides the use of seaweed extract of Ascophyllum nodosum as animal nutrition supplement.
• the present invention provides the use of seaweed extract of Ascophyllum nodosum as cosmetic agent.
• the present invention provides the use of seaweed extract of Ascophyllum nodosum in medicines or nutraceuticals.
• the present invention provides a combination of algal extract of Ascophyllum nodosum with nutritive, biostimulating agent or plant-protecting composition, where the plant protecting composition is herbicide, fungicide, insecticide or pesticide.
• the present invention provides a combination of algal extract of Ascophyllum nodosum with a super absorbent polymer.
• the present inventors have found that an algal extract of Ascophyllum nodosum that is highly concentrated and yet has all the compounds of the intracellular fluid of the alga preserved has excellent biostimulating activity. Surprisingly, the inventors have observed that, following application in very less amount of the concentrated algal extract of the invention is more effective than a diluted extract in stimulating plant emergence and promoting plant growth. It was also observed that the different components of the extract were responsible for biostimulating specific gene expressions in the plants.
• the concentrated algal extract when used to coat seeds, the latter are less frequently attacked by birds than uncoated seeds.
• plant refers to an agricultural plant having sugar content as agronomically important trait for example wheat, rye, barley, rice, triticale, oats, sorghum, sugarcane, , beet, sugar beet or fodder beet, fruits like pomes, apples, pears, plums, peaches, almonds, cherries, strawberries, raspberries, blackberries or gooseberries, leguminous plants, such as lentils, peas, alfalfa or soybeans, oil plants, such as rape, oil-seed rape, canola, juncea, linseed, mustard, olives, sunflowers, coconut, cocoa beans, castor oil plants, oil palms, ground nuts or soybeans, cucurbits, such as squashes, cucumber or melons, fiber plants, such as cotton, flax, hemp or jute, citrus fruit, such as oranges, lemons, grapefruits or mandarins, vegetables, such as spinach, lettuce, asparagus, cabbage
• seaweed refers to the coldwater seaweed or brown alga (Phaeophyceae) of the family Fucaceae, belonging to the genus Ascophyllum.
• Active agents are the agents that are present in the algal extract obtained by various processes of algal extraction.
• the algal extract may contain one or more than one active compound selected from, but not limited to polysaccharides, such as, especially, laminarin and fucans; free and conjugated sugars; polyphenols; mannitol; growth hormones; lipids; proteins; amino acids; vitamins; betaines; sterols; glucuronic acid and mineral salts.
• Alternative Boron source is any Boron source that is less toxic or non-toxic than the conventional boron source. It can be selected from but not limited to Colemanite.
• the term “cultivation” as used herein refers to an activity to grow plants in any stage from the seeding stage to maturation stage. It means to artificially grow plants over the entire or in partial period from the seeding stage to the maturation stage and in each following stage or in stages by the combination of two or more of the stages such as (1) from nursery stage to maturation stage; (2) from nursery plants to maturation stage; (3) from seeds to nursery plants; (4) from the stage between before the desired maturation to the desired maturation and (5) from the nursery plants to the stage before the desired maturation.
• the terms “superabsorbent polymer” or “SAP” referred herein refer to the water swellable polymers which can absorb water many times their weight in an aqueous solution.
• superabsorbent polymers also apply to polymers that absorb water as well as de-sorb the absorbed water.
• the superabsorbent polymer may be selected from but not limited to water- swellable or water absorbing or water-retentive polymers such as cross-linked polymers that swell without dissolving in the presence of water, and may, absorb at least 10, 100, 1000, or more times their weight in water.
• the plant protective, nutrient and surfactant adjuvant composition is selected from but not limited to fertilizers, mycorrhiza, micronutrients, acaricides, algicides, antifeedants, avicides, bactericides, bird repellents, chemosterilants, fungicides, herbicide safeners, herbicides, insect attractants, insect repellents, insecticides, mammal repellents, mating disruptors, molluscicides, nematicides, plant activators, plant-growth regulators, rodenticides, synergists, virucides, derivatives thereof, biological control agents and mixtures thereof.
• gene expression describes the upregulation or downregulation of gene expression in the organism.
• the fertilizer is selected from organic and inorganic fertilizers such as those selected from but not limited to urea, NPK, nitrogen based fertilizers, phosphate, calcium, potassium, magnesium, sulfur, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, zinc, nickel, cobalt, boron and their salts and derivatives.
• organic and inorganic fertilizers such as those selected from but not limited to urea, NPK, nitrogen based fertilizers, phosphate, calcium, potassium, magnesium, sulfur, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, zinc, nickel, cobalt, boron and their salts and derivatives.
• the micronutrient is selected from but not limited to iron, manganese, boron, molybdenum, zinc, chlorine, sodium, cobalt, silicon, nickel, chlorine, aluminium, vanadium, selenium and their salts and derivatives.
• Exemplary organic fertilizer may be selected from peat, limestone, rock phosphate, blood meal, bone meal, compost, humic acid, seaweed extracts, digested proteins, fish meal, feather meal, corn meal, alfalfa meal etc.
• the insecticide may be selected from organic or inorganic insecticide, natural or synthetic insecticide such as those selected from but not limited to: Acetylcholine esterase inhibitors (Carbamates, Triazemate, Organophosphates); GABA-gated chloride channel antagonists (Cyclodiene organochlorines, Phenylpyrazoles (Fiproles)); Nicotinic Acetylcholine receptor agonists (allosteric) (Spinosyns); Chloride channel activators (Avermectins, Milbemycins); Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis, type 0, Lepidopteran (Benzoylureas ); Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis, type 1 , Homopteran (Buprofezin);
• an algal extract of Ascophyllum nodosum that is highly concentrated and yet has all the compounds of the intracellular fluid of the alga preserved and has excellent biostimulating activity.
• the inventors have observed that, following application in very less amount of the concentrated algal extract of the invention is more effective than a diluted extract in stimulating plant emergence and promoting plant growth. It was also observed that the different components of the extract were responsible for biostimulating specific gene expressions in the plants.
• the present invention provides an algal extract of Ascophyllum nodosum having dry matter between about 18%-36%.
• the present invention provides an algal extract of Ascophyllum nodosum having dry matter between about 24%-36%.
• the present invention provides an algal extract of Ascophyllum nodosum having dry matter between about 24%-36%.
• the present invention provides an algal extract of Ascophyllum nodosum having dry matter between about 24%-30%.
• the present invention provides an algal extract of Ascophyllum nodosum having dry matter between about 25%-29%.
• the present invention provides an algal extract of Ascophyllum nodosum having dry matter between about 26%-28%.
• the present invention provides an algal extract of Ascophyllum nodosum having dry matter content of about 27%.
• the algal extract of the present invention is characterized by the concentrations of active agents Fucoidans being about 6-15 g/kg, Glycine Betaine being about 8-47 mg/Kg, Laminine being about 208-335 mg/Kg, and Mannitol being about 30-60 g/Kg by weight of the algal extract.
• the present invention provides a process of preparation of algal extract of Ascophyllum nodosum with dry matter of 24%-30%.
• the present invention provides a process of preparation of algal extract of Ascophyllum nodosum characterized by the concentrations of active agents Fucoidans being about 6-15 g/kg, Glycine Betaine being about 8-47 mg/Kg, Laminine being about 208-335 mg/Kg, and Mannitol being about 30-60 g/Kg by weight of the algal extract.
• the present invention provides the use of seaweed extract of Ascophyllum nodosum according to the present invention for biostimulating the plant growth.
• the present invention provides the use of seaweed extract of Ascophyllum nodosum according to the present invention for overexpressing the phosphorus PT2 gene, and LKT 1 gene in leaves.
• the present invention provides the use of seaweed extract of Ascophyllum nodosum according to the present invention for increasing the jasmonate isoleucine amount in roots.
• the present invention provides the use of seaweed extract of Ascophyllum nodosum as bird repellant.
• the present invention provides the use of seaweed extract of Ascophyllum nodosum as seed coating agent.
• the present invention provides the use of seaweed extract of Ascophyllum nodosum as animal nutrition supplement. In an embodiment the present invention provides the use of seaweed extract of Ascophyllum nodosum as cosmetic agent.
• the present invention provides the use of seaweed extract of Ascophyllum nodosum in medicines or nutraceuticals.
• the present invention provides a combination of algal extract of Ascophyllum nodosum with nutritive, biostimulating or plant-protecting composition or another agrochemical, where the plant protecting composition is herbicide, fungicide, insecticide or pesticide.
• the present invention provides a combination comprising an algal extract of Ascophyllum nodosum having percentage dry matter content between about 18% to about 36% and at least one superabsorbent polymer.
• the present invention provides a combination comprising an algal extract of Ascophyllum nodosum having percentage dry matter content between about 24% to about 30% and at least one superabsorbent polymer.
• the application of the algal extract of the present invention to the plants confers one or more of the following advantages: improved plant nutrient use efficiency, increased flowering, increased fruit set quality, facilitates root growth etc., which are not to be considered as limiting.
• the algal extract of the present invention has a pH of around 2.25 - 2.30.
• the mannitol content in the algal extract measured between one to three months after production, is between about 4% to about 7%.
• the mannitol content in the algal extract measured between one to three months after production, is between about 4.5 to 6.5%. In an embodiment, the mannitol content in the algal extract, measured between one to three months after production, is between about 5-6%.
• the algal extract of the present invention is substantially free of alginate.
• the algal extract according to the invention may be prepared from an algal extract conventionally known from US 2017/0251677 and which includes a percentage dry matter content between 12% to 50%. This algal extract may be used as the starting material for preparing the algal extract according to the present invention.
• the present invention provides a process for preparing an algal extract having a dry matter content between about 18 - 36%.
• the present invention provides a process for preparing an algal extract having a dry matter content between about 24 - 36%.
• the present invention provides a process for preparing an algal extract having a dry matter content between about 24 - 30%.
• the process comprises:
• the process comprises:
• steam is passed through the heat exchanger maintained at a temperature between 30 - 60°C.
• steam is passed through the heat exchanger maintained at vacuum pressure.
• the process comprises adding one or more preservatives to the algal extract produced in step (b) of the process.
• the process comprises:
• step (c) adding one or more preservatives to the algal extract produced in step (b) of the process.
• the process comprises:
• step (c) adding one or more preservatives to the algal extract produced in step (b) of the process.
• the process comprises decanting the algal extract produced in step (b) and removing the sediment produced therefrom to prepare the algal extract according to the present invention.
• the process comprises:
• step (c) decanting the algal extract produced in step (b) and removing the sediment produced therefrom to prepare the algal extract.
• the process comprises:
• step (d) decanting the algal extract produced in step (b) and removing the sediment produced therefrom to prepare the algal extract.
• the process comprises:
• step (c) adding one or more preservatives to the algal extract produced in step (b);
• step (e) decanting the algal extract produced in step (c) and removing the sediment produced therefrom to prepare the algal extract.
• the process comprises:
• step (d) adding one or more preservatives to the algal extract produced in step (b);
• step (f) decanting the algal extract produced in step (c) and removing the sediment produced therefrom to prepare the algal extract.
• step of sediment removal may be carried out using any other method that is conventionally known.
• the process comprises:
• step (c) removing sediments from the algal extract prepared in step (b) to prepare the algal extract.
• the process comprises:
• step (c) adding one or more preservatives to the algal extract produced in step (b);
• step (d) removing sediments from the algal extract prepared in step (c) to prepare the algal extract.
• the step of removing the sediments may be carried out by filtering the algal extract on diatomaceous earth.
• the step of removing the sediments may be carried out by filtering the algal extract on polymeric membranes.
• the polymeric membrane is polypropylene membrane.
• the step of removing the sediments may be carried out by centrifuging the algal extract.
• the step of removing the sediments may be carried out by spray drying the algal extract. In an embodiment, the step of removing the sediments may be carried out by adding a thickener or an anti-settling agent to stabilize the sediment particles.
• the step of removal of sediments may be carried out by carrying out more than one of the steps of filtration on diatomaceous earth, filtration on a polymeric membrane, centrifugation, spray drying or addition of a thickener simultaneously.
• the present invention provides a process for preparing a composition comprising the algal extract of the invention.
• the process comprises adding at least one surfactant to the algal extract of the invention prepared by any one of the processes described hereinabove.
• the surfactant is a wetting agent.
• the wetting agent has a contact angle at least greater than 80°.
• the process for preparing a composition comprises adding at least one sticker to the composition.
• the process for preparing a composition comprises adding at least one adjuvant to the composition.
• the algal extract of the present invention has a brix index of at least about or greater than 5.0. In an embodiment, the algal extract of the present invention has a brix index of at least about or greater than 15.0.
• the algal extract of the present invention has a brix index of at least about or greater than 25.0.
• the algal extract of the present invention has a brix index of at least about 35.0.
• the algal extract of the present invention has a brix index profile as depicted in figure 1.
• the algal extract of the present invention may be combined with another substance to provide combinations of the invention.
• the present invention provides a combination comprising:
• the present invention provides a combination comprising:
• the present invention provides a combination comprising: an algal extract having a percentage dry matter content between 24 - 30%; and a superabsorbent polymer.
• an algal extract having a percentage dry matter content between 24 - 30%
• a superabsorbent polymer The choice of the particular superabsorbent polymer is not particularly limiting. Any superabsorbent polymer may be used.
• the superabsorbent polymer is selected from the group consisting of copolymer of acrylamide and sodium acrylate; hydrolyzed starch- polyacrylonitrile; 2- propenenitrile homopolymer, hydrolyzed, sodium salt or poly(acrylamide co-sodium acrylate) or poly(2-propenamide-co-2-propanoic acid, sodium salt); starch-g- poly(2propenamide-co-2-propanoic acid, mixed sodium and aluminum salts); starch-g- poly(2-propenamide-co-2-propanoic acid, potassium salt); poly(2-propenamide-co-2- propanoic acid, sodium salt); poly-2-propanoic acid, sodium salt; starch-gpoly(acrylonitrile) or poly(2-propenamide-co-sodium acrylate); starch/acrylonitrile copolymer; crosshnked copolymers of acrylamide and sodium acrylate; acrylamide/sodium polyacrylate crosshnked
• the algal extract of the invention may be combined with at least another agrochemical.
• the present invention provides a combination comprising:
• At least another agrochemical selected from fertilizers, mycorrhiza, micronutrients, acaricides, algicides, antifeedants, avicides, bactericides, bird repellents, chemosterilants, fungicides, herbicide safeners, herbicides, insect attractants, insect repellents, insecticides, mammal repellents, mating disruptors, molluscicides, nematicides, plant activators, plant- growth regulators, rodenticides, synergists, virucides, derivatives thereof, biological control agents and mixtures thereof.
• the present invention provides a combination comprising:
• At least another agrochemical selected from fertilizers, mycorrhiza, micronutrients, acaricides, algicides, antifeedants, avicides, bactericides, bird repellents, chemosterilants, fungicides, herbicide safeners, herbicides, insect attractants, insect repellents, insecticides, mammal repellents, mating disruptors, molluscicides, nematicides, plant activators, plant- growth regulators, rodenticides, synergists, virucides, derivatives thereof, biological control agents and mixtures thereof.
• the present invention provides a combination comprising:
• At least another agrochemical selected from fertilizers, mycorrhiza, micronutrients, acaricides, algicides, antifeedants, avicides, bactericides, bird repellents, chemosterilants, fungicides, herbicide safeners, herbicides, insect attractants, insect repellents, insecticides, mammal repellents, mating disruptors, molluscicides, nematicides, plant activators, plant- growth regulators, rodenticides, synergists, virucides, derivatives thereof, biological control agents and mixtures thereof.
• the fertilizer may be selected from organic and inorganic fertilizers such as those selected from but not limited to urea, NPK, nitrogen based fertilizers, phosphate, calcium, potassium, magnesium, sulfur, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, zinc, nickel, cobalt, boron and their salts and derivatives.
• organic fertilizer may be selected from peat, limestone, rock phosphate, blood meal, bone meal, compost, humic acid, seaweed extracts, digested proteins, fish meal, feather meal, corn meal, alfalfa meal etc.
• the fertilizer may be an inorganic fertilizer selected from NPK, derivatives of potassium, zinc, phosphate such as those selected from but not limited to potassium fertilizers such as potassium carbonate, potassium chloride (also known as muriate of potash), potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, sulfate of potash magnesia; zinc fertilizers such as those selected from zinc sulfate, zinc oxide, zinc ammonia complex; phosphate fertilizer such as Di-ammonium phosphate, Monoammonium phosphate, Ammonium polyphosphate, Triple superphosphate or mixtures thereof.
• potassium fertilizers such as potassium carbonate, potassium chloride (also known as muriate of potash), potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, sulfate of potash magnesia
• zinc fertilizers such as those selected from zinc sulfate, zinc oxide, zinc ammonia complex
• phosphate fertilizer such as Di-ammonium phosphate, Monoammonium phosphate, Ammonium polyphosphat
• the fertilizer may be an organic fertilizer selected from urea, rock potash seaweed extract, compost, humic acid, alfalfa meal, corn meal, and mixtures thereof.
• the present invention may provide a composition comprising at least one superabsorbent polymer, at least one water soluble phosphate and a fertilizer mix of organic and inorganic fertilizers.
• the second agrochemical may be a biological control agent.
• the biological control agent may be selected from complete organism or extracts of bacteria or fungi or algae or yeast or combinations thereof.
• the composition combines with a micro-biological entity such as bacteria, fungi that is used in isolation or combined with other strains.
• the strains of bacteria that may be used for the composition include but are not limited to: Pseudomonas spp., Bacillus spp., Sinorhizobium spp., Azotobacter spp., Beijerinkia spp. , Clostridium spp. , Azollae spp., Nitrosomonas spp.
• Nitrobacter spp. Tsukamorella spp., Nostoc spp., Enterobacter spp., Thiobacillus spp., Microspora spp., Beggiato spp., Paracoccus spp., Purple Sulphur Bacteria, Green Sulphur Bacteria, Acidanus spp. , Sulpholobus, Microbacterium spp., Frateuria spp., Azospirillus spp., Frankia spp., Azospirillium spp., Anabaena spp., Azollae spp.
• Brevibacillus spp. Fusarium spp., Rhizoctonia spp., Pythium spp., Lactobacillus, Ensifer spp., Trichodesmium spp., Spirillium spp.
• Klebsiella spp. Mesorhizobium spp., Azorhizobium spp., Acidothiobacillus spp., Paenibacillus spp., Burkholderia spp., Alcaligenesacinetobacter spp., Arthrobacter spp., Erwinia spp., Flavobacterium spp., Serratia spp., Herbaspirrilum spp., Achromobacter spp., Aeromonus spp., Phyllobacterium spp., Micrococcus spp., Rhodococcus spp., and combinations thereof.
• the strains of fungi that may be used for the composition include but are not limited to. Pantoea spp., Penicillium spp., Aspergillus spp., Glomus spp., Gigaspora spp., Acaulospora spp., Scutellospora spp., Trichoderma spp., Beauveria spp., Mychorizza spp., Chaetomium spp., Gliocladium spp., Pisolithus spp., Amanita spp., Cantharellus spp., Pythium spp., and combination thereof.
• the algal extract of the invention may be combined with a second insecticide, fungicide or a herbicide, the choice of which is not particularly limiting.
• the algal extract of the present invention may be provided as a stable formulation/composition.
• the algal extract may be co formulated with a preservative, the choice of which is not limiting.
• the present invention provides a composition comprising:
• the present invention provides a composition comprising:
• the present invention provides a composition comprising:
• the preservative may be selected from one or more of citric acid monohydrate, sodium methylparaben, potassium sorbate, or sodium metabisulfite.
• the present invention provides a composition comprising:
• a preservative selected from citric acid monohydrate, sodium methylparaben, potassium sorbate, or sodium metabisulfite.
• the present invention provides a composition comprising:
• a preservative selected from citric acid monohydrate, sodium methylparaben, potassium sorbate, or sodium metabisulfite.
• the present invention provides a composition comprising:
• a preservative selected from citric acid monohydrate, sodium methylparaben, potassium sorbate, or sodium metabisulfite.
• the present invention provides a combination comprising:
• a preservative in an amount less than 10% by weight of the composition, wherein the preservative is selected from citric acid monohydrate, sodium methylparaben, potassium sorbate, or sodium metabisulfite.
• the present invention provides a combination comprising:
• citric acid monohydrate in an amount of about 0.5% by weight of the composition.
• the present invention provides a combination comprising:
• the present invention provides a combination comprising:
• the present invention provides a combination comprising: (a) an algal extract having a percentage dry matter content between 24 - 30% in an amount of about 96.6% by weight of the composition;
• citric acid in an amount of about 3.0% by weight of the composition
• the algal extract of the present invention comprises mineral matter in an amount of about 20% - 45% by weight of the extract.
• the algal extract of the present invention comprises mineral matter in an amount of about 22% - 41% by weight of the extract.
• the algal extract of the present invention comprises mineral matter in an amount of about 31.5% by weight of the extract.
• the algal extract of the present invention comprises polyphenols in an amount of about 5% - 20% by weight of the extract.
• the algal extract of the present invention comprises polyphenols in an amount of about 8% - 19% by weight of the extract.
• the algal extract of the present invention comprises polyphenols in an amount of about 13.5% by weight of the extract.
• the algal extract of the present invention comprises proteins in an amount of about 1 % - 6% by weight of the extract.
• the algal extract of the present invention comprises proteins in an amount of about 3.5% by weight of the extract.
• the algal extract of the present invention comprises mannitol in an amount of about 4% - 23% by weight of the extract.
• the algal extract of the present invention comprises mannitol in an amount of about 13.5% by weight of the extract.
• the algal extract of the present invention comprises fucoidans in an amount of about 1% - 6% by weight of the extract. In an embodiment, the algal extract of the present invention comprises fucoidans in an amount of about 3.5% by weight of the extract.
• the algal extract of the present invention comprises glucose in an amount of about 3% - 13% by weight of the extract.
• the algal extract of the present invention comprises glucose in an amount of about 8.0% by weight of the extract.
• substantially free of an alginate means that the algal extract of the present invention comprises less than 0.1% of alginic acid by weight of the extract. Preferably, less than 0.05% of alginic acid is present.
• Seaweed extract was harvested from North East Atlantic Ocean. The extracted seaweed was subjected to crushing and micro-crushing. To the crushed seaweed 0.5% citric acid was added. The mixture was subjected to flocculation under acidic conditions, and filtered via filter press. The filtrate was concentrated through vacuum evaporation to prepare an extract having 24 - 30% dry matter content.
• Comparative algal extracts were produced according to Example 1 (5.1%) and Example 2 (13.00%) of US 2017/0251677. A slight variation was seen in the dry matter content as the actual percentage dry matter content was measured to be 4.8% and 9.3% versus 5.1% and 13.0% respectively. The three algal extracts were then subjected to efficacy tests, and approximate equivalent bio-activity rate in oz/acre for the three algal extracts were noted.
• the algal extract of the present invention was 32 times more efficacious than example 2, and 8 times more efficacious than example 1 of US 2017/0251677.
• the selection of percentage dry matter content between 24 to 36%, and specifically about 27.0% conferred unexpected and surprising efficacy on the algal extract of the present invention.

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