WO2021065749A1 - ソバ由来c-配糖化酵素遺伝子及びその使用 - Google Patents
ソバ由来c-配糖化酵素遺伝子及びその使用 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present invention comprises a buckwheat-derived C-glycosylation enzyme (CGT) gene or a homologue thereof, and a step of coexisting delphinidin-type anthocyanin and flavone mono-C-glycoside in plant cells using these genes. It relates to a method for producing a transformed plant having a flower color.
- CCT buckwheat-derived C-glycosylation enzyme
- Roses, chrysanthemums, carnations, etc. are industrially important flowers worldwide. Roses, in particular, are the most popular flower plant, have been cultivated since BC and have been bred artificially for hundreds of years. However, it has been difficult to produce rose varieties having a bluish flower color by conventional cross breeding or mutation breeding due to problems such as the absence of blue-colored wild species among closely related species that can be crossed. The creation of a completely new bluish flower color will stimulate new demand accompanying the expansion of flower usage, leading to increased production and consumption. Therefore, attempts have been made to produce roses with a bluish flower color by genetic engineering techniques.
- the color of the flower changes not only by the structure of the anthocyanin itself, but also by the coexisting flavonoids (called copigments), metal ions, and the pH of the vacuole.
- Flavones and flavonols are typical pigments, and by stacking them in a sandwich shape with anthocyanins, they have the effect of making anthocyanins blue and appear dark (Non-Patent Document 2).
- This is known as the copigmentation effect.
- flavone is known to exhibit a strong copigmentation effect.
- it has been reported that flavone exhibits a significant copigmentation effect in the analysis of genetically modified carnations (Non-Patent Document 3).
- Dutch iris it has been reported that the higher the ratio of the total flavone amount to the total delphinidin amount, the stronger the copigmentation effect and the bluer the color (Non-Patent Document 4).
- Patent Document 1 a gene encoding a protein having an activity of synthesizing flavanone from flavanone in such a plant.
- flavones are also distributed as glycosides in addition to the free form, and mainly flavone O-glycosides and flavone C-glycosides are produced, but in particular, flavone C-glycosides.
- isovitexin which is a type of flavone C-glycoside, exhibits a copigmentation effect on anthocyanins in Hanashobu (Iris ensata Thunberg) and turns the flower color blue by stabilizing anthocyanins. (Non-Patent Document 5).
- flavanone C-glycoside As one of the biosynthetic pathways of flavanone C-glycoside, it is synthesized from flavanone by a reaction catalyzed by flavanone 2-hydroxylase (F2H), C-glycoside enzyme (CGT), and dehydration enzyme (FDH). Is known (Non-Patent Document 6).
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to investigate the cause of redness in flower color, thereby uniformly and stably bluish flower color (RHS color chart 5th edition: Violet-Blue group / Blue group and / or hue). Angle: 339.7 ° -270.0 °) to produce a transformed plant.
- the inventors of the present application have found that the cause of redness is flavone di-C-glycoside, and the copigmentation effect with delphinidin-type anthocyanin is flavone mono-C.
- -glycosides were significantly higher than flavone di-C-glycosides.
- the inventors of the present application have succeeded in significantly accumulating only flavone mono-C-glycosides in the petals of plants by introducing the buckwheat-derived CGT gene among various CGT genes. Based on such findings, the present invention has been completed.
- the present invention is as follows.
- the buckwheat-derived CGT gene or its homologue (1-a) A polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 11; (1-b) A polynucleotide that hybridizes under stringent conditions with a polynucleotide having a base sequence complementary to the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 11, and has the same activity as the polynucleotide shown in (1-a).
- the untranslated region (5'-UTR) derived from the Arabidopsis ADH gene (SEQ ID NO: 15) or the untranslated region derived from the Arabidopsis HSPRO gene (5'-UTR) (SEQ ID NO: 13) is added.
- Arabidopsis-derived CGT gene or its homologue is added.
- the buckwheat-derived CGT gene or its homologue (1-a) A polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 11; (1-b) A polynucleotide that hybridizes under stringent conditions with a polynucleotide having a base sequence complementary to the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 11, and has the same activity as the polynucleotide shown in (1-a).
- the Arabidopsis ADH gene-derived untranslated region (5'-UTR) (SEQ ID NO: 15) or Arabidopsis HSPRO gene-derived untranslated region (5'-UTR) (SEQ ID NO: 13) is present in the Arabidopsis-derived CGT gene or its homologue.
- the vector according to 3 which has been added.
- the vector according to 3 or 4 further comprising a flavanone 2-hydroxylase (F2H) gene or a homolog thereof, and a dehydratase (FDH) gene or a homolog thereof.
- F2H flavanone 2-hydroxylase
- FDH dehydratase
- the F2H gene or its homologue is (2-a) A polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5; (2-b) A polynucleotide that hybridizes under stringent conditions with a polynucleotide having a base sequence complementary to the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5, and has the same activity as the polynucleotide shown in (2-a).
- a polynucleotide encoding a protein that has similar activity to the protein encoded by (3-e) Has an amino acid sequence having 90% or more identity with respect to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 10, and has the same activity as the protein encoded by the polynucleotide according to (3-c). 5.
- the vector according to 5 selected from the group consisting of polynucleotides encoding proteins.
- F3'5'H flavonoid F3'5'hydroxylase
- MT methyltransferase
- the F3'5'H gene or its homologue is (4-a) A polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1; (4-b) A polynucleotide that hybridizes under stringent conditions with a polynucleotide having a base sequence complementary to the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, and has the same activity as the polynucleotide shown in (4-a).
- a polynucleotide encoding a protein that has similar activity to the protein encoded by (4-e) Has an amino acid sequence having 90% or more identity with respect to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2, and has the same activity as the protein encoded by the polynucleotide described in (4-c).
- the vector according to 7 selected from the group consisting of polynucleotides encoding proteins.
- the transformed plant according to 9 wherein the plant is selected from roses, chrysanthemums, carnations or lilies, or its self-fertilized or allogeneic progeny.
- the transformed plant according to 10 wherein the plant is a rose, or a self-fertilized or cross-grown progeny thereof.
- a method for producing a transformed plant having a bluish flower color which is a method for introducing a buckwheat-derived C-glycoside enzyme (CGT) gene or a homolog thereof into a host plant to introduce a delphinidin-type anthocyanin and a flavone mono.
- CCT buckwheat-derived C-glycoside enzyme
- a method comprising the step of coexisting a C-glycoside within a plant cell.
- the flavone mono-C-glycoside is apigenin 6-C-glucoside, luteolin 6-C-glucoside, tricetin 6-C-glucoside, apigenin 8-C-glucoside, luteolin 8-C-glucoside, tricetin. 14. The method according to 14, wherein the 8-C-glucoside or a derivative thereof.
- the delphinidin-type anthocyanin is selected from the group consisting of malvidin, delphinidin, petunidin and combinations thereof.
- a plant variety having a bluish flower color (RHS color chart 5th edition: Violet-Blue group / Blue group and / or hue angle: 339.7 ° to 270.0 °) can be uniformly and stably produced. Can be created.
- the biosynthetic pathway of flavone mono-C-glycoside in plants is shown.
- the structure of pSPB6486 is shown.
- the structure of pSPB7473 is shown.
- the detailed structure of pSPB7473 is shown.
- the detailed structure of pSPB7472 is shown.
- the detailed structure of pSPB7808 is shown.
- the detailed structure of pSPB7809 is shown.
- Anthocyanins are a group of pigments that are widely present in plants, and are known to exhibit red, blue, and purple flower colors. According to the number of hydroxy groups in the B ring of the anthocyanidin moiety, which is an aglycone, it is classified into three strains, pelargodinin, cyanidin and delphinidin.
- the chromophore is the aglycone part, and pelargonidin-type anthocyanins are orange, cyanidin-type anthocyanins are red, and delphinidin-type anthocyanins are purple to blue.
- delphinidin-type anthocyanin includes derivatives having delphinidin, malvidin, and petunidin as a skeleton, and malvidin is preferable.
- Delphinidin-type anthocyanins may develop a bluish color by intermolecular interaction with substances such as flavonols, flavonols, organic acid esters, and tannins. This phenomenon is called the copying action, and the substance that causes such a phenomenon is called the copying (accessory pigment).
- the copying action has not only a deep color effect that causes the appearance of blue color, but also a dark color effect and an effect of improving color stability.
- the present inventors have confirmed that the petals of roses appear blue due to the pigmenting action of delphinidin-type anthocyanins and flavone C-glycosides (Patent Document 2).
- Flavone is a kind of organic compound, is a cyclic ketone of a flavan derivative, and exists mainly as a glycoside in plants. Flavones, in a narrow sense, refer to compounds having a chemical formula of C 15 H 10 O 2 , a molecular weight of 222.24, and 2,3-didehydroflavan-4-one, while flavones (flaves) in a broad sense are one of the flavonoid categories. Of the flavonoids, those with a flavon structure as the basic skeleton and no hydroxyl group at the 3-position are classified as "flvon".
- flavone C-glycoside means a flavone in a broad sense, that is, a glycoside obtained by directly binding aglycone to the anomeric carbon of aldose among the glycosides of derivatives belonging to flavones.
- flavone C-glycoside examples include, but are not limited to, luteolin C-glycoside, tricetin C-glycoside, apigenin C-glycoside, and acacetin C-glycoside.
- Flavone C-glycosides also include glycosides of apigenin, luteolin, tricetin, and acacetin derivatives.
- the pathway shown in FIG. 1 is known as one of the biosynthetic pathways of flavone C-glycosides. In this pathway, flavone C-glycosides are produced through the action of F2H, CGT, and FDH.
- flavone di-C-glycosides such as bisenin-2 (apigenin 6,8-di-C-glucoside) are also synthesized.
- the inventors have now found that the cause of redness is the flavone di-C-glycoside, and the copying effect with delphinidin-type anthocyanin is that the flavone mono-C-glycoside is the flavone di-C-glycoside.
- the flavone mono-C-glycoside is typically flavone 6-C-glucoside or flavone 8-C-glucoside, preferably flavone 6-C-glucoside.
- flavone mono-C-glycosides include apigenin 6-C-glucoside (isobitexin), luteolin 6-C-glucoside (isoorientin), tricetin 6-C-glucoside, and apigenin 8-C-. Examples thereof include glucoside (vitexin), luteolin 8-C-glucoside (orientin), trisetin 8-C-glucoside or derivatives thereof.
- the accumulation of flavone C-glycosides is to transform the host plant with a vector containing essential genes (ie, F2H gene, CGT gene, and FDH gene) in the above synthetic pathway or their homologues. Can be achieved by.
- essential genes ie, F2H gene, CGT gene, and FDH gene
- the buckwheat-derived CGT gene or its homologue in particular, as the translation-enhancing sequence, the untranslated region derived from the Shiroinu-nazuna ADH gene (5'-UTR) (SEQ ID NO: 15) or the untranslated region derived from the Shiroinu-nazuna HSPRO gene (5'-
- UTR Shiroinu-nazuna HSPRO gene
- the flavon mono-C-glycosylate is significantly accumulated in the petals as compared with the flavone di-C-glycosylate. It is possible to make it.
- the buckwheat-derived CGT gene or its homologue is composed of the following polynucleotides: (1-a) A polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 11; (1-b) A polynucleotide that hybridizes under stringent conditions with a polynucleotide having a base sequence complementary to the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 11, and has the same activity as the polynucleotide shown in (1-a).
- a polynucleotide encoding a protein that has similar activity to the protein encoded by (1-e) Has an amino acid sequence having 90% or more identity with respect to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 12, and has the same activity as the protein encoded by the polynucleotide described in (1-c). It is selected from the group consisting of polynucleotides encoding proteins.
- the origin of the F2H gene or its homologue is not particularly limited as long as it has a desired function, but it is preferably a licorice-derived F2H gene or its homologue, and the following polynucleotide: (2-a) A polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5; (2-b) A polynucleotide that hybridizes under stringent conditions with a polynucleotide having a base sequence complementary to the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5, and has the same activity as the polynucleotide shown in (2-a).
- a polynucleotide encoding a protein that has similar activity to the protein encoded by (2-e) Has an amino acid sequence having 90% or more identity with respect to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6, and has the same activity as the protein encoded by the polynucleotide described in (2-c). It is selected from the group consisting of polynucleotides encoding proteins.
- the origin of the FDH gene or its homolog is not particularly limited as long as it has a desired function, but it is preferably a Lotus japonicus-derived FDH gene or its homolog, and the following polynucleotide: (3-a) A polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 9; (3-b) A polynucleotide that hybridizes under stringent conditions with a polynucleotide having a base sequence complementary to the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 9, and has the same activity as the polynucleotide shown in (3-a).
- a polynucleotide encoding a protein that has similar activity to the protein encoded by (3-e) Has an amino acid sequence having 90% or more identity with respect to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 10, and has the same activity as the protein encoded by the polynucleotide according to (3-c). It is selected from the group consisting of polynucleotides encoding proteins.
- the origin of the F3'5'H gene or its homologue is not particularly limited as long as it has a desired function, but it is preferably the F3'5'H gene derived from Campanula or its homologue.
- a polynucleotide encoding a protein that has similar activity to the protein encoded by (4-e) Has an amino acid sequence having 90% or more identity with respect to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2, and has the same activity as the protein encoded by the polynucleotide described in (4-c). It is selected from the group consisting of polynucleotides encoding proteins.
- the MT gene or its homologue is not particularly limited in its origin as long as it has a desired function, but is preferably a torenia-derived MT gene or its homologue.
- 5-a A polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3;
- 5-b A polynucleotide that hybridizes under stringent conditions with a polynucleotide having a base sequence complementary to the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3, and has the same activity as the polynucleotide shown in (5-a).
- a polynucleotide encoding a protein that has similar activity to the protein encoded by (5-e) Has an amino acid sequence having 90% or more identity with respect to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4, and has the same activity as the protein encoded by the polynucleotide described in (5-c). It is selected from the group consisting of polynucleotides encoding proteins.
- the Arabidopsis ADH gene-derived untranslated region (5'-UTR) (SEQ ID NO: 15) or the Arabidopsis HSPRO gene-derived untranslated region (5'-UTR) (SEQ ID NO: 13) is included as a translation-enhancing sequence. Can be added.
- polynucleotide means DNA or RNA.
- stringent condition is a condition that allows selective and detectable specific binding of a polynucleotide or oligonucleotide to genomic DNA.
- Stringent conditions are defined by the appropriate combination of salt concentration, organic solvent (eg, formamide), temperature, and other known conditions. That is, the stringency increases depending on whether the salt concentration is decreased, the organic solvent concentration is increased, or the hybridization temperature is increased.
- the conditions of washing after hybridization also affect stringency. This cleaning condition is also defined by salt concentration and temperature, and decreasing salt concentration and increasing temperature increase the stringency of cleaning.
- the term “stringent condition” means that the degree of "identity” between each base sequence is, for example, about 80% or more, preferably about 90% or more, more preferably about 95% or more on average. Further preferably, it means a condition that specifically hybridizes only between base sequences having high identity, such as 97% or more, and most preferably 98% or more.
- the "stringent condition” include conditions such that the sodium concentration is 150 to 900 mM, preferably 600 to 900 mM, and the pH is 6 to 8 at a temperature of 60 ° C to 68 ° C. Specific examples thereof include 5.
- Hybridization was performed under the conditions of ⁇ SSC (750 mM NaCl, 75 mM trisodium citrate), 1% SDS, 5 ⁇ Denhardt solution 50% formaldehyde, and 42 ° C., and 0.1 ⁇ SSC (15 mM NaCl, 1.5 mM citrate). (Trisodium), 0.1% SDS, and those that perform washing under the conditions of 55 ° C. can be mentioned.
- Hybridization is performed by a method known in the art such as a method described in Current Protocols in Molecular Biology (edited by Frederick M. Ausubel et al., 1987). It can be carried out according to the same method. When using a commercially available library, it can be performed according to the method described in the attached instruction manual.
- the gene selected by such hybridization may be a naturally derived gene, for example, a plant-derived gene or a non-plant-derived gene.
- the gene selected by hybridization may be cDNA, genomic DNA, or chemically synthesized DNA.
- an amino acid sequence in which one or several amino acids are deleted, substituted, inserted, and / or added means, for example, 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 5, and more preferably 1 to 1.
- the site-specific mutagenesis method which is one of the genetic engineering methods, is useful because it can introduce a specific mutation at a specific position. Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, 2nd Ed. , Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N. et al. Y. , 1989 and the like.
- the polynucleotide is a nucleic acid using a method known to those skilled in the art, for example, a method chemically synthesized by a phosphoamidide method or the like, a nucleic acid sample using a plant nucleic acid sample as a template, and a primer designed based on the nucleotide sequence of the target gene. It can be obtained by an amplification method or the like.
- the term “identity” refers to each amino acid residue constituting a strand between two strands in a polypeptide sequence (or amino acid sequence) or polynucleotide sequence (or base sequence). Or, it means the amount (number) of things that can be determined to be the same in the mutual compatibility relationship of each base, and means the degree of sequence correlation between two polypeptide sequences or two polynucleotide sequences. Therefore, “identity” can be easily calculated. Many methods are known to measure the identity between two polynucleotide sequences or polypeptide sequences, and the term “identity” is well known to those skilled in the art (eg, Lesk, AM (Ed.).
- the numerical value of "identity” described in the present specification may be a numerical value calculated by using an identity search program known to those skilled in the art, unless otherwise specified, but MacVector is preferable. It is a numerical value calculated by using the Clustal W program of the application (version 9.5 Oxford Molecular Ltd., Oxford, England).
- the degree of "identity" between each polynucleotide sequence or amino acid sequence is, for example, about 90% or more, preferably about 95% or more, more preferably about 97% or more, and most preferably about 98%. That is all.
- the polynucleotide (nucleic acid, gene) of the present invention "encodes" the protein of interest.
- encoding means expressing the protein of interest in a state having its activity.
- encoding includes both meanings of encoding the protein of interest as a continuous structural sequence (exon) and encoding via an intervening sequence (intron).
- a gene having a natural base sequence can be obtained, for example, by analysis with a DNA sequencer.
- the DNA encoding the enzyme having the modified amino acid sequence can be synthesized based on the DNA having the innate base sequence by using the usual site-specific mutagenesis or PCR method.
- a DNA fragment to be modified is obtained by restriction enzyme treatment of native cDNA or genomic DNA, and using this as a template, site-specific mutagenesis or PCR method is carried out using a primer into which a desired mutation is introduced, and desired. Obtain a modified DNA fragment.
- the DNA fragment into which this mutation has been introduced may then be ligated to the DNA fragment encoding the other portion of the enzyme of interest.
- a DNA encoding an enzyme consisting of a shortened amino acid sequence for example, a DNA having an amino acid sequence longer than the target amino acid sequence
- a DNA encoding a full-length amino acid sequence is cleaved with a desired limiting enzyme, and the result is If the obtained DNA fragment does not encode the entire target amino acid sequence, the DNA fragment consisting of the missing sequence may be synthesized and ligated.
- the obtained polynucleotide is expressed using a gene expression system in Escherichia coli and yeast, and the enzyme activity is measured to confirm that the obtained polynucleotide encodes a protein having a desired activity. Can be done.
- the present invention also relates to a (recombinant) vector containing the polynucleotide, particularly an expression vector, and a plant transformed with the vector.
- the vectors of the present invention contain expression control regions, such as promoters, terminators, origins of replication, etc., depending on the type of host plant into which they are introduced.
- expression control regions such as promoters, terminators, origins of replication, etc.
- promoters that constitutively express polynucleotides in plant cells include the 35S promoter of Califlower Mosaic Virus, the El 2 35S promoter in which two enhancer regions of the 35S promoter are linked, the rd29A gene promoter, the rbcS promoter, and mac-1. Promoters and the like can be mentioned.
- tissue-specific gene expression a promoter of a gene specifically expressed in the tissue can be used.
- the vector can be prepared according to a conventional method using a restriction enzyme, ligase, or the like.
- transformation of the host plant with an expression vector can also be carried out according to a conventional method.
- a technique for introducing a polynucleotide into a plant and expressing the polynucleotide in a constitutive or tissue-specific manner can be carried out by a method known to those skilled in the art, for example, an Agrobacterium method, a binary vector method, an electroporation method, a PEG method, a particle gun method or the like.
- the plants that can be used as the host are not particularly limited, but plants of the genus Rosaceae, the genus Asteraceae, the genus Dianthus (Carnation, etc.), and the genus Yuri of the family Rosaceae can be used, and in particular. It is preferably a cultivated rose of the genus Rosa in the family Rosaceae (scientific name: Rosa hybrida).
- the term "rose plant” used in the present specification refers to a cultivated rose of the Rosaceae rose genus (scientific name: Rosa hybrida) in terms of taxonomic position. Roses are mainly divided into hybrid tea type, floribunda type, polyansa type, etc.
- the main pigments (anthocyanins) contained in the petals of all types are cyanidin type and pelargonidin type.
- the type of rose plant used as a host in the present invention is not particularly limited, and can be suitably used for these varieties and strains.
- rose varieties that can be used as hosts include ocean song, noblesse, Rita perfumera, cool water, fame, topless, peach avalanche and the like.
- a transformed plant having a bluish flower color preferably Rosaceae, Asteraceae, or Dianthus (Carnation, etc.), particularly preferably a rose plant, is produced uniformly and stably.
- the obtained transformed plants were blue group or Violet-Blue group on the RHS color chart, and / or CIEL * a * b * color system hue angle of 339.7 ° to 270.0 °, preferably 315. Shows a flower color below °.
- the present invention is a processed product prepared from the transformed plant obtained above or a cut flower of a self-propagating or other-reproductive progeny thereof, a vegetative propagule thereof, a part of the plant, a tissue, or a cell, or a cut flower. Also related to (especially cut flower processed products).
- the cut flower processed product includes, but is not limited to, a pressed flower using the cut flower, a preserved flower, a dried flower, a resin sealed product, and the like.
- Example 1 Simulation of copigmentation effect of flavone C-glycoside on anthocyanin (malvin)] Malvin and flavone C-glycosides were adjusted to simulate the copigmentation effect of flavone C-glycosides on anthocyanins (malvin).
- Malvin malvidin 3,5-diglucoside
- flavone C-glycoside flavone C-glycoside
- isovitexin apigenin 6-C-glucoside
- orientin luteolin 8-C-glucoside
- Isoorientin luteolin 6-C-glucoside
- bisenin-2 apigenin 6,8-di-C-glucoside
- Each flavone C-glycoside was added to the malvin thus obtained in a buffer solution of pH 5.0 at a molar concentration ratio of 5 equivalents. Then, the absorption spectrum was measured. The concentration of malvin was 0.5 mM.
- the copigmentation effect of the flavone mono-C-glycoside was higher than that of the flavone di-C-glycoside. Furthermore, it was found that the flavone 6-C-glycoside has a particularly high copigmentation effect among the flavone mono-C-glycosides.
- pSPB6486 has pBINPLUS as a basic skeleton and contains the following five expression cassettes.
- the pSPB6486 produced in this way was introduced into the blue rose variety "Ocean Song” to obtain a total of 27 transformants.
- the accumulation of malvidin could be confirmed in 26 individuals, and the malvidin content was up to 74.5% (average 57.0%).
- isovitexin (apigenin 6-C-glucoside), vitexin (apigenin 8-C-glucoside), isoorientin (luteolin 6-C-glucoside), orientin (luteolin 8-C-glucoside).
- Visenin-2 (apigenin 6,8-C-diglucoside) was identified and quantified.
- Flavone C-glycoside could be detected in all the individuals in which malvidin could be detected, and flavone di-C-glycoside visenin-2 was detected as the main component.
- the amount produced was large in the order of vitexin-2> isovitexin> vitexin> isoorientin> orientin, and the total amount was 1.563 mg per 1 g of fresh petal weight at the maximum.
- the total amount of flavone C-glycoside was about 10 times or more that of malvidin.
- pSPB7473 has pBINPLUS as a basic skeleton and contains the following five expression cassettes.
- the pSPB7473 thus produced was introduced into the blue rose variety "Ocean Song" to obtain a total of 35 transformants.
- the accumulation of malvidin could be confirmed in 21 individuals, and the malvidin content was up to 20.8% (average 9.1%).
- isovitexin (apigenin 6-C-glucoside), vitexin (apigenin 8-C-glucoside), isoorientin (luteolin 6-C-glucoside), orientin (luteolin 8-C-glucoside).
- Visenin-2 (apigenin 6,8-C-diglucoside) was identified and quantified.
- Flavone C-glycoside was detected in all the individuals in which malvidin could be detected, and isovitexin, which is a flavone 6-C-glycoside, was detected as a main component.
- the amount produced was large in the order of isovitexin> vitexin> vitexin-2> isoorientin> orientin, and the total amount was 7.418 mg per 1 g of fresh petal weight, which was a very high content.
- the total amount of flavone C-glycosides is as high as 3 mg or more per 1 g of fresh petal weight in most individuals, which is about 100 times or more that of delphinidin. It was the amount of production.
- pSPB7472 has pBINPLUS as a basic skeleton and contains the following five expression cassettes.
- the pSPB7472 thus produced was introduced into the blue rose variety "Ocean Song” to obtain a total of 33 transformants.
- flavone C-glycosides isovitexin (apigenin 6-C-glucoside), bitexin (apigenin 8-C-glucoside), isoorientin (luteolin 6-C-glucoside), orientin (luteolin 8-C-glucoside).
- Visenin-2 apigenin 6,8-C-diglucoside as anthocyanidins, delphinidin, cyanidin, petunidin, pelargonidin, and malvidin were identified and quantified.
- flavone C-glycoside As a result, accumulation of flavone C-glycoside and malvidin could be confirmed in 11 individuals.
- the average content of flavone C-glycoside was 3.75 mg per 1 g of fresh petal weight, and isovitexin, which is a flavone 6-C-glycoside, was detected as a main component.
- the maximum malvidin content was 15.6% (average 8.8%).
- the average content of flavone C-glycoside per 1 g of fresh petal weight was 4.19 mg higher in the OS / 7473 strain shown in Example 3.
- the codon-modified CGT gene can produce flavone C-glycosides more efficiently than the original buckwheat-derived CGT gene.
- pSPB7808 has pBINPLUS as a basic skeleton and contains the following five expression cassettes.
- the pSPB7808 produced in this way was introduced into the blue rose variety "Ocean Song” to obtain a total of 65 transformants.
- flavone C-glycosides isovitexin (apigenin 6-C-glucoside), bitexin (apigenin 8-C-glucoside), isoorientin (luteolin 6-C-glucoside), orientin (luteolin 8-C-glucoside).
- Visenin-2 apigenin 6,8-C-diglucoside as anthocyanidins, delphinidin, cyanidin, petunidin, pelargonidin, and malvidin were identified and quantified.
- flavone C-glycoside As a result, accumulation of flavone C-glycoside and malvidin could be confirmed in 32 individuals.
- the average content of flavone C-glycoside was 3.00 mg per 1 g of fresh petal weight, and isovitexin, which is a flavone 6-C-glycoside, was detected as a main component.
- the maximum malvidin content was 69.2% (average 43.9%).
- pSPB7809 has pBINPLUS as a basic skeleton and contains the following five expression cassettes.
- the pSPB7809 thus produced was introduced into the blue rose variety "Ocean Song” to obtain a total of 143 transformants.
- flavone C-glycosides isovitexin (apigenin 6-C-glucoside), bitexin (apigenin 8-C-glucoside), isoorientin (luteolin 6-C-glucoside), orientin (luteolin 8-C-glucoside).
- Visenin-2 apigenin 6,8-C-diglucoside as anthocyanidins, delphinidin, cyanidin, petunidin, pelargonidin, and malvidin were identified and quantified.
- flavone C-glycosides could be confirmed in 58 individuals.
- the average content of flavone C-glycoside was 3.24 mg per 1 g of fresh petal weight, and isovitexin, which is a flavone 6-C-glycoside, was detected as a main component.
- the maximum malvidin content was 80.3% (average 46.6%).
- the average content of flavone C-glycoside per 1 g of fresh petal weight was higher in the OS / 7809 strain shown in this example. Therefore, similar to the results obtained in Examples 3 and 4, it was shown that the codon-modified CGT gene can produce flavone C-glycosides more efficiently than the original buckwheat-derived CGT gene. ..
- Example 7 Evaluation of flower color of rose containing flavone C-glycoside
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Abstract
Description
[1] ソバ由来C-配糖化酵素(CGT)遺伝子又はそのホモログであって、
前記ソバ由来CGT遺伝子又はそのホモログが、
(1-a)配列番号11の塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチド;
(1-b)配列番号11の塩基配列と相補的な塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチドとストリンジェント条件下でハイブリダイズするポリヌクレオチドであって、(1-a)に記載のポリヌクレオチドと同様の活性を有するポリヌクレオチド;
(1-c)配列番号12のアミノ酸配列からなるタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド、
からなる群から選択される、ソバ由来CGT遺伝子又はそのホモログ。
[2]シロイヌナズナADH遺伝子由来非翻訳領域(5’-UTR)(配列番号15)又はシロイヌナズナHSPRO遺伝子由来非翻訳領域(5’-UTR)(配列番号13)が付加されている、1に記載のソバ由来CGT遺伝子又はそのホモログ。
[3] ソバ由来CGT遺伝子又はそのホモログを含むベクターであって、
前記ソバ由来CGT遺伝子又はそのホモログが、
(1-a)配列番号11の塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチド;
(1-b)配列番号11の塩基配列と相補的な塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチドとストリンジェント条件下でハイブリダイズするポリヌクレオチドであって、(1-a)に記載のポリヌクレオチドと同様の活性を有するポリヌクレオチド;
(1-c)配列番号12のアミノ酸配列からなるタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド;
(1-d)配列番号12のアミノ酸配列において、1又は数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換、挿入、及び/又は付加されたアミノ酸配列からなり、かつ、(1-c)に記載のポリヌクレオチドがコードするタンパク質と同様の活性を有するタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド;
(1-e)配列番号12のアミノ酸配列に対して90%以上の同一性を有するアミノ酸配列を有し、かつ、(1-c)に記載のポリヌクレオチドがコードするタンパク質と同様の活性を有するタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド、
からなる群から選択される、ベクター。
[4] 前記ソバ由来CGT遺伝子又はそのホモログにシロイヌナズナADH遺伝子由来非翻訳領域(5’-UTR)(配列番号15)又はシロイヌナズナHSPRO遺伝子由来非翻訳領域(5’-UTR)(配列番号13)が付加されている、3に記載のベクター。
[5] フラバノン 2-水酸化酵素(F2H)遺伝子又はそのホモログ、及び脱水酵素(FDH)遺伝子又はそのホモログをさらに含む、3又は4に記載のベクター。
[6] 前記F2H遺伝子又はそのホモログが、
(2-a)配列番号5の塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチド;
(2-b)配列番号5の塩基配列と相補的な塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチドとストリンジェント条件下でハイブリダイズするポリヌクレオチドであって、(2-a)に記載のポリヌクレオチドと同様の活性を有するポリヌクレオチド;
(2-c)配列番号6のアミノ酸配列からなるタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド;
(2-d)配列番号6のアミノ酸配列において、1又は数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換、挿入、及び/又は付加されたアミノ酸配列からなり、かつ、(2-c)に記載のポリヌクレオチドがコードするタンパク質と同様の活性を有するタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド;
(2-e)配列番号6のアミノ酸配列に対して90%以上の同一性を有するアミノ酸配列を有し、かつ、(2-c)に記載のポリヌクレオチドがコードするタンパク質と同様の活性を有するタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド、からなる群から選択され、
前記FDH遺伝子又はそのホモログが、
(3-a)配列番号9の塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチド;
(3-b)配列番号9の塩基配列と相補的な塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチドとストリンジェント条件下でハイブリダイズするポリヌクレオチドであって、(3-a)に記載のポリヌクレオチドと同様の活性を有するポリヌクレオチド;
(3-c)配列番号10のアミノ酸配列からなるタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド;
(3-d)配列番号10のアミノ酸配列において、1又は数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換、挿入、及び/又は付加されたアミノ酸配列からなり、かつ、(3-c)に記載のポリヌクレオチドがコードするタンパク質と同様の活性を有するタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド;
(3-e)配列番号10のアミノ酸配列に対して90%以上の同一性を有するアミノ酸配列を有し、かつ、(3-c)に記載のポリヌクレオチドがコードするタンパク質と同様の活性を有するタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド、からなる群から選択される、5に記載のベクター。
[7] フラボノイドF3’5’水酸化酵素(F3’5’H)遺伝子又はそのホモログ、及びメチル基転移酵素(MT)遺伝子又はそのホモログをさらに含む、3~6のいずれかに記載のベクター。
[8] 前記F3’5’H遺伝子又はそのホモログが、
(4-a)配列番号1の塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチド;
(4-b)配列番号1の塩基配列と相補的な塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチドとストリンジェント条件下でハイブリダイズするポリヌクレオチドであって、(4-a)に記載のポリヌクレオチドと同様の活性を有するポリヌクレオチド;
(4-c)配列番号2のアミノ酸配列からなるタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド;
(4-d)配列番号2のアミノ酸配列において、1又は数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換、挿入、及び/又は付加されたアミノ酸配列からなり、かつ、(4-c)に記載のポリヌクレオチドがコードするタンパク質と同様の活性を有するタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド;
(4-e)配列番号2のアミノ酸配列に対して90%以上の同一性を有するアミノ酸配列を有し、かつ、(4-c)に記載のポリヌクレオチドがコードするタンパク質と同様の活性を有するタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド、からなる群から選択され、そして
前記MT遺伝子又はそのホモログが、
(5-a)配列番号3の塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチド;
(5-b)配列番号3の塩基配列と相補的な塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチドとストリンジェント条件下でハイブリダイズするポリヌクレオチドであって、(5-a)に記載のポリヌクレオチドと同様の活性を有するポリヌクレオチド;
(5-c)配列番号4のアミノ酸配列からなるタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド;
(5-d)配列番号4のアミノ酸配列において、1又は数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換、挿入、及び/又は付加されたアミノ酸配列からなり、かつ、(5-c)に記載のポリヌクレオチドがコードするタンパク質と同様の活性を有するタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド;
(5-e)配列番号4のアミノ酸配列に対して90%以上の同一性を有するアミノ酸配列を有し、かつ、(5-c)に記載のポリヌクレオチドがコードするタンパク質と同様の活性を有するタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド、からなる群から選択される、7に記載のベクター。
[9] 1又は2に記載のソバ由来CGT遺伝子又はそのホモログ、あるいは3~8のいずれかに記載のベクターを含む形質転換植物、又はその自殖もしくは他殖後代。
[10] 前記植物がバラ、キク、カーネーション又はユリから選択される、9に記載の形質転換植物、又はその自殖もしくは他殖後代。
[11] 前記植物がバラである、10に記載の形質転換植物、又はその自殖もしくは他殖後代。
[12] 9~11のいずれかに記載の形質転換植物、又はその自殖もしくは他殖後代の栄養繁殖体、植物体の一部、組織、又は細胞。
[13] 9~11のいずれかに記載の形質転換植物、又はその自殖もしくは他殖後代の切り花、又は該切り花から作成された加工品。
[14] 青系花色を有する形質転換植物を作出するための方法であって、ソバ由来C-配糖化酵素(CGT)遺伝子又はそのホモログを宿主植物に導入することにより、デルフィニジン型アントシアニンとフラボン モノ-C-配糖体を植物の細胞内で共存させる工程を含む、方法。
[15] 前記フラボン モノ-C-配糖体が、アピゲニン 6-C-グルコシド、ルテオリン 6-C-グルコシド、トリセチン 6-C-グルコシド、アピゲニン 8-C-グルコシド、ルテオリン 8-C-グルコシド、トリセチン 8-C-グルコシド又はそれらの誘導体である、14に記載の方法。
[16] 前記デルフィニジン型アントシアニンが、マルビジン、デルフィニジン、ペチュニジン及びそれらの組み合せから成る群から選択される、14又は15に記載の方法。
[17] 1又は2に記載のソバ由来CGT遺伝子又はそのホモログ、あるいは3~8のいずれかに記載のベクターを宿主植物の細胞内に導入する工程を含む、14~16のいずれかに記載の方法。
[18] 前記植物がバラ、キク、カーネーション又はユリから選択される、14~17のいずれかに記載の方法。
[19] 前記植物がバラである、18に記載の方法。
(1-a)配列番号11の塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチド;
(1-b)配列番号11の塩基配列と相補的な塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチドとストリンジェント条件下でハイブリダイズするポリヌクレオチドであって、(1-a)に記載のポリヌクレオチドと同様の活性を有するポリヌクレオチド;
(1-c)配列番号12のアミノ酸配列からなるタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド;
(1-d)配列番号12のアミノ酸配列において、1又は数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換、挿入、及び/又は付加されたアミノ酸配列からなり、かつ、(1-c)に記載のポリヌクレオチドがコードするタンパク質と同様の活性を有するタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド;
(1-e)配列番号12のアミノ酸配列に対して90%以上の同一性を有するアミノ酸配列を有し、かつ、(1-c)に記載のポリヌクレオチドがコードするタンパク質と同様の活性を有するタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド、からなる群から選択される。
(2-a)配列番号5の塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチド;
(2-b)配列番号5の塩基配列と相補的な塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチドとストリンジェント条件下でハイブリダイズするポリヌクレオチドであって、(2-a)に記載のポリヌクレオチドと同様の活性を有するポリヌクレオチド;
(2-c)配列番号6のアミノ酸配列からなるタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド;
(2-d)配列番号6のアミノ酸配列において、1又は数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換、挿入、及び/又は付加されたアミノ酸配列からなり、かつ、(2-c)に記載のポリヌクレオチドがコードするタンパク質と同様の活性を有するタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド;
(2-e)配列番号6のアミノ酸配列に対して90%以上の同一性を有するアミノ酸配列を有し、かつ、(2-c)に記載のポリヌクレオチドがコードするタンパク質と同様の活性を有するタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド、からなる群から選択される。
(3-a)配列番号9の塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチド;
(3-b)配列番号9の塩基配列と相補的な塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチドとストリンジェント条件下でハイブリダイズするポリヌクレオチドであって、(3-a)に記載のポリヌクレオチドと同様の活性を有するポリヌクレオチド;
(3-c)配列番号10のアミノ酸配列からなるタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド;
(3-d)配列番号10のアミノ酸配列において、1又は数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換、挿入、及び/又は付加されたアミノ酸配列からなり、かつ、(3-c)に記載のポリヌクレオチドがコードするタンパク質と同様の活性を有するタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド;
(3-e)配列番号10のアミノ酸配列に対して90%以上の同一性を有するアミノ酸配列を有し、かつ、(3-c)に記載のポリヌクレオチドがコードするタンパク質と同様の活性を有するタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド、からなる群から選択される。
(4-a)配列番号1の塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチド;
(4-b)配列番号1の塩基配列と相補的な塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチドとストリンジェント条件下でハイブリダイズするポリヌクレオチドであって、(4-a)に記載のポリヌクレオチドと同様の活性を有するポリヌクレオチド;
(4-c)配列番号2のアミノ酸配列からなるタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド;
(4-d)配列番号2のアミノ酸配列において、1又は数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換、挿入、及び/又は付加されたアミノ酸配列からなり、かつ、(4-c)に記載のポリヌクレオチドがコードするタンパク質と同様の活性を有するタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド;
(4-e)配列番号2のアミノ酸配列に対して90%以上の同一性を有するアミノ酸配列を有し、かつ、(4-c)に記載のポリヌクレオチドがコードするタンパク質と同様の活性を有するタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド、からなる群から選択される。
(5-a)配列番号3の塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチド;
(5-b)配列番号3の塩基配列と相補的な塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチドとストリンジェント条件下でハイブリダイズするポリヌクレオチドであって、(5-a)に記載のポリヌクレオチドと同様の活性を有するポリヌクレオチド;
(5-c)配列番号4のアミノ酸配列からなるタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド;
(5-d)配列番号4のアミノ酸配列において、1又は数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換、挿入、及び/又は付加されたアミノ酸配列からなり、かつ、(5-c)に記載のポリヌクレオチドがコードするタンパク質と同様の活性を有するタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド;
(5-e)配列番号4のアミノ酸配列に対して90%以上の同一性を有するアミノ酸配列を有し、かつ、(5-c)に記載のポリヌクレオチドがコードするタンパク質と同様の活性を有するタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド、からなる群から選択される。
本明細書中、用語「ストリンジェント条件」とは、ポリヌクレオチド又はオリゴヌクレオチドと、ゲノムDNAとの選択的かつ検出可能な特異的結合を可能とする条件である。ストリンジェント条件は、塩濃度、有機溶媒(例えば、ホルムアミド)、温度、及びその他公知の条件の適当な組み合わせによって定義される。すなわち、塩濃度を減じるか、有機溶媒濃度を増加させるか、又はハイブリダイゼーション温度を上昇させるかによってストリンジェンシー(stringency)は増加する。さらに、ハイブリダイゼーション後の洗浄の条件もストリンジェンシーに影響する。この洗浄条件もまた、塩濃度と温度によって定義され、塩濃度の減少と温度の上昇によって洗浄のストリンジェンシーは増加する。したがって、用語「ストリンジェント条件」とは、各塩基配列間の「同一性」の程度が、例えば、全体の平均で約80%以上、好ましくは約90%以上、より好ましくは約95%以上、さらに好ましくは97%以上、最も好ましくは98%以上であるような、高い同一性を有する塩基配列間のみで、特異的にハイブリダイズするような条件を意味する。「ストリンジェント条件」としては、例えば、温度60℃~68℃において、ナトリウム濃度150~900mM、好ましくは600~900mM、pH6~8であるような条件を挙げることができ、具体例としては、5×SSC(750mM NaCl、75mM クエン酸三ナトリウム)、1%SDS、5×デンハルト溶液50%ホルムアルデヒド、及び42℃の条件でハイブリダイゼーションを行い、0.1×SSC(15mM NaCl、1.5mM クエン酸三ナトリウム)、0.1%SDS、及び55℃の条件で洗浄を行うものを挙げることができる。
また、ポリヌクレオチドは、当業者に公知の方法、例えば、ホスホアミダイド法等により化学的に合成する方法、植物の核酸試料を鋳型とし、目的とする遺伝子のヌクレオチド配列に基づいて設計したプライマーを用いる核酸増幅法などによって得ることができる。
あるいは短縮されたアミノ酸配列からなる酵素をコードするDNAを得るには、例えば、目的とするアミノ酸配列より長いアミノ酸配列、例えば、全長アミノ酸配列をコードするDNAを所望の制限酵素により切断し、その結果得られたDNA断片が目的とするアミノ酸配列の全体をコードしていない場合は、不足部分の配列からなるDNA断片を合成し、連結すればよい。
アントシアニン(マルビン)に対するフラボン C-配糖体のコピグメント効果のシミユレーションを行うため、マルビン及びフラボン C-配糖体を調整した。本実験に用いたマルビン(マルビジン3,5-ジグルコシド)及びフラボン C-配糖体(ビテキシン(アピゲニン 8-C-グルコシド)、イソビテキシン(アピゲニン 6-C-グルコシド)、オリエンチン(ルテオリン 8-C-グルコシド)、イソオリエンチン(ルテオリン 6-C-グルコシド)、ビセニン-2(アピゲニン6,8-ジ-C-グルコシド))はナカライテスク株式会社より購入した。
このようにして入手したマルビンに対して各フラボン C-配糖体(ビテキシン、イソビテキシン、オリエンチン、イソオリエンチン、ビセニン-2)を、pH5.0の緩衝液中、5当量のモル濃度比で添加し、吸収スペクトルを測定した。マルビンの濃度は0.5mMとした。
pSPB6486は、pBINPLUSを基本骨格とし、以下の5つの発現カセットが含まれている。
(1)El235Sプロモーターとカンパニュラ由来F3’5’H完全長cDNA(配列番号1)とD8ターミネーター
(2)El235Sプロモーターとトレニア由来MT完全長cDNA(配列番号3)とNOSターミネーター
(3)35Sプロモーターとカンゾウ由来F2H完全長cDNA(配列番号5)とシソ由来ATターミネーター
(4)35Sプロモーターとイネ由来コドンUsage改変CGT完全長cDNA(配列番号7)とシロイヌナズナ由来HSPターミネーター
(5)35Sプロモーターとミヤコグサ由来FDH完全長cDNA(配列番号9)とシロイヌナズナ由来HSPターミネーター
本プラスミドは植物においてはカンパニュラのF3’5’H遺伝子とトレニアのMT遺伝子、カンゾウのF2H遺伝子、イネのコドンUsage改変CGT遺伝子、ミヤコグサのFDH遺伝子を構成的に発現する。
Del:デルフィニジン、Cya:シアニジン、Pet:ペチュニジン、Pel:ペラルゴニジン、Mal:マルビジン
M:ミリセチン、Q:クェルセチン、K:ケンフェロール
Tri:トリセチン、Lut:ルテオリン、Api:アピゲニン、Vic2:ビセニン-2、VX:ビテキシン、IVX:イソビテキシン、Ori:オリエンチン、Iori:イソオリエンチン
Mal(%):総アントシアニジン中のマルビジンの割合
pSPB7473は、pBINPLUSを基本骨格とし、以下の5つの発現カセットが含まれている。
(1)El235Sプロモーターとカンパニュラ由来F3’5’H完全長cDNA(配列番号1)とD8ターミネーター
(2)El235Sプロモーターとトレニア由来MT完全長cDNA(配列番号3)(5’位側にシロイヌナズナHSPRO遺伝子由来5’-UTR(配列番号13)を付加)とシロイヌナズナ由来HSPターミネーター
(3)El235Sプロモーターとカンゾウ由来F2H完全長cDNA(配列番号5)とシソ由来ATターミネーター
(4)El235Sプロモーターとソバ由来コドンUsage改変CGT完全長cDNA(配列番号11)(5’位側にシロイヌナズナHSPRO遺伝子由来5’-UTR(配列番号13)を付加)とシロイヌナズナ由来HSPターミネーター
(5)El235Sプロモーターとミヤコグサ由来FDH完全長cDNA(配列番号9)とシロイヌナズナ由来HSPターミネーター
本プラスミドは植物においてはカンパニュラのF3’5’H遺伝子とトレニアのMT遺伝子、カンゾウのF2H遺伝子、ソバのコドンUsage改変CGT遺伝子、ミヤコグサのFDH遺伝子を構成的に発現する。
Del:デルフィニジン、Cya:シアニジン、Pet:ペチュニジン、Pel:ペラルゴニジン、Mal:マルビジン
M:ミリセチン、Q:クェルセチン、K:ケンフェロール
Tri:トリセチン、Lut:ルテオリン、Api:アピゲニン、Vic2:ビセニン-2、VX:ビテキシン、IVX:イソビテキシン、Ori:オリエンチン、Iori:イソオリエンチン
Mal(%):総アントシアニジン中のマルビジンの割合
pSPB7472は、pBINPLUSを基本骨格とし、以下の5つの発現カセットが含まれている。
(1)El235Sプロモーターとカンパニュラ由来F3’5’H完全長cDNA(配列番号1)とD8ターミネーター
(2)El235Sプロモーターとトレニア由来MT完全長cDNA(配列番号3)(5’位側にシロイヌナズナHSPRO遺伝子由来5’-UTR(配列番号13)を付加)とシロイヌナズナ由来HSPターミネーター
(3)El235Sプロモーターとカンゾウ由来F2H完全長cDNA(配列番号5)とシソ由来ATターミネーター
(4)El235Sプロモーターとソバ由来CGT完全長cDNA(配列番号14)(5’位側にシロイヌナズナHSPRO遺伝子由来5’-UTR(配列番号13)を付加)とシロイヌナズナ由来HSPターミネーター
(5)El235Sプロモーターとミヤコグサ由来FDH完全長cDNA(配列番号9)とシロイヌナズナ由来HSPターミネーター
本プラスミドは植物においてはカンパニュラのF3’5’H遺伝子とトレニアのMT遺伝子、カンゾウのF2H遺伝子、ソバのCGT遺伝子、ミヤコグサのFDH遺伝子を構成的に発現する。
Del:デルフィニジン、Cya:シアニジン、Pet:ペチュニジン、Pel:ペラルゴニジン、Mal:マルビジン
M:ミリセチン、Q:クェルセチン、K:ケンフェロール
Tri:トリセチン、Lut:ルテオリン、Api:アピゲニン、Vic2:ビセニン-2、VX:ビテキシン、IVX:イソビテキシン、Ori:オリエンチン、Iori:イソオリエンチン
Mal(%):総アントシアニジン中のマルビジンの割合
pSPB7808は、pBINPLUSを基本骨格とし、以下の5つの発現カセットが含まれている。
(1)El235Sプロモーターとカンパニュラ由来F3’5’H完全長cDNA(配列番号1)とD8ターミネーター
(2)El235Sプロモーターとトレニア由来MT完全長cDNA(配列番号3)とシロイヌナズナ由来HSPターミネーター
(3)El235Sプロモーターとカンゾウ由来F2H完全長cDNA(配列番号5)とシソ由来ATターミネーター
(4)El235Sプロモーターとソバ由来CGT完全長cDNA(配列番号14)(5’位側にシロイヌナズナ アルコールデヒドロゲナーゼ(ADH)遺伝子由来5’-UTR(配列番号15)を付加)とシロイヌナズナ由来HSPターミネーター
(5)El235Sプロモーターとミヤコグサ由来FDH完全長cDNA(配列番号9)とシロイヌナズナ由来HSPターミネーター
本プラスミドは植物においてはカンパニュラのF3’5’H遺伝子とトレニアのMT遺伝子、カンゾウのF2H遺伝子、ソバのCGT遺伝子、ミヤコグサのFDH遺伝子を構成的に発現する。
Del:デルフィニジン、Cya:シアニジン、Pet:ペチュニジン、Pel:ペラルゴニジン、Mal:マルビジン
M:ミリセチン、Q:クェルセチン、K:ケンフェロール
Tri:トリセチン、Lut:ルテオリン、Api:アピゲニン、Vic2:ビセニン-2、VX:ビテキシン、IVX:イソビテキシン、Ori:オリエンチン、Iori:イソオリエンチン
Mal(%):総アントシアニジン中のマルビジンの割合
pSPB7809は、pBINPLUSを基本骨格とし、以下の5つの発現カセットが含まれている。
(1)El235Sプロモーターとカンパニュラ由来F3’5’H完全長cDNA(配列番号1)とD8ターミネーター
(2)El235Sプロモーターとトレニア由来MT完全長cDNA(配列番号3)とシロイヌナズナ由来HSPターミネーター
(3)El235Sプロモーターとカンゾウ由来F2H完全長cDNA(配列番号5)とシソ由来ATターミネーター
(4)El235Sプロモーターとソバ由来コドンUsage改変CGT完全長cDNA(配列番号11)(5’位側にシロイヌナズナ アルコールデヒドロゲナーゼ(ADH)遺伝子由来5’-UTR(配列番号15)を付加)とシロイヌナズナ由来HSPターミネーター
(5)El235Sプロモーターとミヤコグサ由来FDH完全長cDNA(配列番号9)とシロイヌナズナ由来HSPターミネーター
本プラスミドは植物においてはカンパニュラのF3’5’H遺伝子とトレニアのMT遺伝子、カンゾウのF2H遺伝子、ソバのコドンUsage改変CGT遺伝子、ミヤコグサのFDH遺伝子を構成的に発現する。
Del:デルフィニジン、Cya:シアニジン、Pet:ペチュニジン、Pel:ペラルゴニジン、Mal:マルビジン
M:ミリセチン、Q:クェルセチン、K:ケンフェロール
Tri:トリセチン、Lut:ルテオリン、Api:アピゲニン、Vic2:ビセニン-2、VX:ビテキシン、IVX:イソビテキシン、Ori:オリエンチン、Iori:イソオリエンチン
Mal(%):総アントシアニジン中のマルビジンの割合
実施例2及び3において作出された形質転換体(バラ品種「オーシャンソング」を宿主とする)について、それぞれの花弁の色彩について分光測色計CM-2022(ミノルタ株式会社)を用いて10度視野、D65光源で測定し、色彩管理ソフトSpectraMagicTM(ミノルタ株式会社)により解析を行った。
色相角度の平均値の比較ではCGT遺伝子がソバ由来(実施例3)のバラとイネ由来(実施例2)のバラの間で花弁の色相角度に違いは認められなかった。しかしながら、個体別にみるとソバ由来CGT遺伝子を導入したバラでは色相角度が315°以下を示した個体が多く、中でも294.5°を示す、これまでで最も青く変化した個体を取得した。以上の結果から、ソバ由来のCGT遺伝子を利用することにより、フラボン C-配糖体の生成量、特にモノ-C-配糖体の生成量が有意に増加し、これがアントシアニンとの共存により花弁の色彩が青く変化することが確認された。
Claims (19)
- ソバ由来C-配糖化酵素(CGT)遺伝子又はそのホモログであって、
前記ソバ由来CGT遺伝子又はそのホモログが、
(1-a)配列番号11の塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチド;
(1-b)配列番号11の塩基配列と相補的な塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチドとストリンジェント条件下でハイブリダイズするポリヌクレオチドであって、(1-a)に記載のポリヌクレオチドと同様の活性を有するポリヌクレオチド、
からなる群から選択される、ソバ由来CGT遺伝子又はそのホモログ。 - シロイヌナズナADH遺伝子由来非翻訳領域(5’-UTR)(配列番号15)又はシロイヌナズナHSPRO遺伝子由来非翻訳領域(5’-UTR)(配列番号13)が付加されている、請求項1に記載のソバ由来CGT遺伝子又はそのホモログ。
- ソバ由来CGT遺伝子又はそのホモログを含むベクターであって、
前記ソバ由来CGT遺伝子又はそのホモログが、
(1-a)配列番号11の塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチド;
(1-b)配列番号11の塩基配列と相補的な塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチドとストリンジェント条件下でハイブリダイズするポリヌクレオチドであって、(1-a)に記載のポリヌクレオチドと同様の活性を有するポリヌクレオチド;
(1-c)配列番号12のアミノ酸配列からなるタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド;
(1-d)配列番号12のアミノ酸配列において、1又は数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換、挿入、及び/又は付加されたアミノ酸配列からなり、かつ、(1-c)に記載のポリヌクレオチドがコードするタンパク質と同様の活性を有するタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド;
(1-e)配列番号12のアミノ酸配列に対して90%以上の同一性を有するアミノ酸配列を有し、かつ、(1-c)に記載のポリヌクレオチドがコードするタンパク質と同様の活性を有するタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド、
からなる群から選択される、ベクター。 - 前記ソバ由来CGT遺伝子又はそのホモログにシロイヌナズナADH遺伝子由来非翻訳領域(5’-UTR)(配列番号15)又はシロイヌナズナHSPRO遺伝子由来非翻訳領域(5’-UTR)(配列番号13)が付加されている、請求項3に記載のベクター。
- フラバノン 2-水酸化酵素(F2H)遺伝子又はそのホモログ、及び脱水酵素(FDH)遺伝子又はそのホモログをさらに含む、請求項3又は4に記載のベクター。
- 前記F2H遺伝子又はそのホモログが、
(2-a)配列番号5の塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチド;
(2-b)配列番号5の塩基配列と相補的な塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチドとストリンジェント条件下でハイブリダイズするポリヌクレオチドであって、(2-a)に記載のポリヌクレオチドと同様の活性を有するポリヌクレオチド;
(2-c)配列番号6のアミノ酸配列からなるタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド;
(2-d)配列番号6のアミノ酸配列において、1又は数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換、挿入、及び/又は付加されたアミノ酸配列からなり、かつ、(2-c)に記載のポリヌクレオチドがコードするタンパク質と同様の活性を有するタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド;
(2-e)配列番号6のアミノ酸配列に対して90%以上の同一性を有するアミノ酸配列を有し、かつ、(2-c)に記載のポリヌクレオチドがコードするタンパク質と同様の活性を有するタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド、からなる群から選択され、
前記FDH遺伝子又はそのホモログが、
(3-a)配列番号9の塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチド;
(3-b)配列番号9の塩基配列と相補的な塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチドとストリンジェント条件下でハイブリダイズするポリヌクレオチドであって、(3-a)に記載のポリヌクレオチドと同様の活性を有するポリヌクレオチド;
(3-c)配列番号10のアミノ酸配列からなるタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド;
(3-d)配列番号10のアミノ酸配列において、1又は数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換、挿入、及び/又は付加されたアミノ酸配列からなり、かつ、(3-c)に記載のポリヌクレオチドがコードするタンパク質と同様の活性を有するタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド;
(3-e)配列番号10のアミノ酸配列に対して90%以上の同一性を有するアミノ酸配列を有し、かつ、(3-c)に記載のポリヌクレオチドがコードするタンパク質と同様の活性を有するタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド、からなる群から選択される、請求項5に記載のベクター。 - フラボノイドF3’5’水酸化酵素(F3’5’H)遺伝子又はそのホモログ、及びメチル基転移酵素(MT)遺伝子又はそのホモログをさらに含む、請求項3~6のいずれか1項に記載のベクター。
- 前記F3’5’H遺伝子又はそのホモログが、
(4-a)配列番号1の塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチド;
(4-b)配列番号1の塩基配列と相補的な塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチドとストリンジェント条件下でハイブリダイズするポリヌクレオチドであって、(4-a)に記載のポリヌクレオチドと同様の活性を有するポリヌクレオチド;
(4-c)配列番号2のアミノ酸配列からなるタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド;
(4-d)配列番号2のアミノ酸配列において、1又は数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換、挿入、及び/又は付加されたアミノ酸配列からなり、かつ、(4-c)に記載のポリヌクレオチドがコードするタンパク質と同様の活性を有するタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド;
(4-e)配列番号2のアミノ酸配列に対して90%以上の同一性を有するアミノ酸配列を有し、かつ、(4-c)に記載のポリヌクレオチドがコードするタンパク質と同様の活性を有するタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド、からなる群から選択され、そして
前記MT遺伝子又はそのホモログが、
(5-a)配列番号3の塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチド;
(5-b)配列番号3の塩基配列と相補的な塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチドとストリンジェント条件下でハイブリダイズするポリヌクレオチドであって、(5-a)に記載のポリヌクレオチドと同様の活性を有するポリヌクレオチド;
(5-c)配列番号4のアミノ酸配列からなるタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド;
(5-d)配列番号4のアミノ酸配列において、1又は数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換、挿入、及び/又は付加されたアミノ酸配列からなり、かつ、(5-c)に記載のポリヌクレオチドがコードするタンパク質と同様の活性を有するタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド;
(5-e)配列番号4のアミノ酸配列に対して90%以上の同一性を有するアミノ酸配列を有し、かつ、(5-c)に記載のポリヌクレオチドがコードするタンパク質と同様の活性を有するタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド、からなる群から選択される、請求項7に記載のベクター。 - 請求項1又は2に記載のソバ由来CGT遺伝子又はそのホモログ、あるいは請求項3~8のいずれか1項に記載のベクターを含む形質転換植物、又はその自殖もしくは他殖後代。
- 前記植物がバラ、キク、カーネーション又はユリから選択される、請求項9に記載の形質転換植物、又はその自殖もしくは他殖後代。
- 前記植物がバラである、請求項10に記載の形質転換植物、又はその自殖もしくは他殖後代。
- 請求項9~11のいずれか1項に記載の形質転換植物、又はその自殖もしくは他殖後代の栄養繁殖体、植物体の一部、組織、又は細胞。
- 請求項9~11のいずれか1項に記載の形質転換植物、又はその自殖もしくは他殖後代の切り花、又は該切り花から作成された加工品。
- 青系花色を有する形質転換植物を作出するための方法であって、ソバ由来C-配糖化酵素(CGT)遺伝子又はそのホモログを宿主植物に導入することにより、デルフィニジン型アントシアニンとフラボン モノ-C-配糖体を植物の細胞内で共存させる工程を含む、方法。
- 前記フラボン モノ-C-配糖体が、アピゲニン 6-C-グルコシド、ルテオリン 6-C-グルコシド、トリセチン 6-C-グルコシド、アピゲニン 8-C-グルコシド、ルテオリン 8-C-グルコシド、トリセチン 8-C-グルコシド又はそれらの誘導体である、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記デルフィニジン型アントシアニンが、マルビジン、デルフィニジン、ペチュニジン及びそれらの組み合せから成る群から選択される、請求項14又は15に記載の方法。
- 請求項1又は2に記載のソバ由来CGT遺伝子又はそのホモログ、あるいは請求項3~8のいずれか1項に記載のベクターを宿主植物の細胞内に導入する工程を含む、請求項14~16のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記植物がバラ、キク、カーネーション又はユリから選択される、請求項14~17のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記植物がバラである、請求項18に記載の方法。
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