WO2021063301A1 - 一种平衡车 - Google Patents

一种平衡车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021063301A1
WO2021063301A1 PCT/CN2020/118292 CN2020118292W WO2021063301A1 WO 2021063301 A1 WO2021063301 A1 WO 2021063301A1 CN 2020118292 W CN2020118292 W CN 2020118292W WO 2021063301 A1 WO2021063301 A1 WO 2021063301A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
axle
leaf spring
vehicle body
swing arm
balance
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PCT/CN2020/118292
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
付兴伟
Original Assignee
穆欣欣
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Publication date
Application filed by 穆欣欣 filed Critical 穆欣欣
Publication of WO2021063301A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021063301A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K11/00—Motorcycles, engine-assisted cycles or motor scooters with one or two wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K25/00—Axle suspensions
    • B62K25/04—Axle suspensions for mounting axles resiliently on cycle frame or fork
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M7/00—Motorcycles characterised by position of motor or engine
    • B62M7/12—Motorcycles characterised by position of motor or engine with the engine beside or within the driven wheel

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to a vehicle, and specifically refers to a balance car.
  • Electric balance cars also called somatosensory cars, thinking cars, and camera cars, are mainly divided into two types: one-wheeled and two-wheeled. Its operating principle is mainly based on a basic principle called “Dynamic Stabilization”. It uses the gyroscope and acceleration sensor inside the car body to detect the change of the car body's attitude, and uses the servo control system to accurately The ground drive motor is adjusted accordingly to maintain the balance of the pedal.
  • the gyroscope board is fixed inside the car body and is parallel to the horizontal plane. When the driver leans forward, the car will move forward, and when the driver leans back, it will move backward.
  • the balance car is a new type of green environmental protection product used by modern people as a means of transportation, leisure and entertainment.
  • the Chinese invention application with application publication number "CN105460130A” discloses a balance vehicle, including a first wheel, a second wheel, a connecting shaft, a first pedal mechanism, a second pedal mechanism, an angular motion detection mechanism, and a control mechanism.
  • the first wheel and the second wheel are respectively independently and rotatably arranged on the connecting shaft
  • the first pedal mechanism and the second pedal mechanism are respectively rotatably arranged on the connecting shaft
  • the first A pedal mechanism is mated with the first wheel
  • the second pedal mechanism is mated with the second wheel
  • the angular motion detection mechanism is respectively arranged on the first pedal mechanism and the second pedal mechanism, and the pedal depends on The spring returns.
  • the balance vehicle of the present invention has the advantages of convenient control, easy promotion, high safety and small size.
  • the present invention provides a balance car with simple structure and good rebound effect.
  • a balance car includes an axle. The two ends of the axle are connected with wheels.
  • a first rotatable body is arranged between the two wheels. The first body can rotate back and forth on the axle. It also includes a leaf spring, which acts as a leaf spring. Between the first car body and the axle, the leaf spring forces the first car body to maintain a certain angle with respect to the axle.
  • the leaf spring acts between the first car body and the axle.
  • the leaf spring deforms elastically.
  • the leaf spring can drive the first car body to recover or maintain In the initial position, the balance car has the advantages of simple structure, easy assembly and good rebound effect.
  • a second vehicle body is fixedly arranged on the axle, and the first vehicle body and the second vehicle body are arranged side by side between the two wheels.
  • the second vehicle body is fixedly arranged on the axle, which is convenient for the user to stand on the second vehicle body with one foot.
  • the user can first step on the second vehicle body with one foot.
  • the first car body is stationary relative to the second car body without external force, and the foot on the second car body can adjust the position of the first car body, which is convenient for the user to step on the first car body with the other foot Therefore, the balance car has the advantages of easy to use and simple operation.
  • the second vehicle body includes a second top cover and a second bottom cover, the second top cover is fixedly arranged on the second bottom cover, and the axle is inserted between the second top cover and the second bottom cover.
  • a supporting plate is fixedly arranged between the two top covers and the axle.
  • the supporting plate plays a role of fixing the first vehicle body on the axle and improving the load-bearing capacity of the first vehicle body.
  • a swing arm is provided on the axle, and the leaf spring is erected on the first vehicle body.
  • the swing arm can drive the leaf spring to elastically deform.
  • the swing arm on the axle acts on the leaf spring.
  • the swing arm is equivalent to the "cam" function.
  • the leaf spring can drive the first car body to restore or maintain the original position. Therefore, the balance vehicle has the advantages of simple structure, accurate positioning, easy assembly and good rebound effect.
  • the swing arm and the leaf spring are arranged symmetrically with respect to the axle, the two ends of the leaf spring abut on the first vehicle body, the middle of the leaf spring is suspended, and the leaf spring forces the swing arm to fit the middle of the leaf spring.
  • the swing arm is located on the rotation path of the first vehicle body, and the swing arm functions to limit the rotation angle of the first vehicle body relative to the axle.
  • the swing arm limits the rotation angle of the first vehicle body, avoiding the problem that the leaf spring exceeds the elastic limit or the swing arm is separated from the leaf spring due to the excessive rotation angle of the first vehicle body.
  • an installation groove is opened on the first vehicle body, and the leaf spring is erected in the installation groove.
  • the adoption of the above structure has the advantages of compact structure, easy assembly and firm installation.
  • the first vehicle body includes a mounting seat, a half-shaft hole is opened on the mounting seat, and a bearing bush is arranged on the half-shaft hole, and the axle is fitted between the half-shaft hole and the bearing bush.
  • the first vehicle body is rotatably arranged on the vehicle axle through the bearing bush and the mounting seat, so as to achieve the characteristics of improving the friction performance and improving the smoothness of the movement.
  • the middle part of the bottom surface of the installation groove is recessed, and the distance between the outer end of the swing arm and the axle is greater than the distance between the middle part of the bottom surface of the installation groove and the axle.
  • the bottom surface of the mounting groove limits the rotation angle of the first car body, avoiding the problem of excessively large rotation angle of the first car body causing the leaf spring to exceed the elastic limit or the swing arm from the leaf spring, and further improve the compactness of the structure. Sex.
  • the axle is made of a tube body
  • the wheel includes a motor shaft
  • the motor shaft is inserted in the axle
  • the motor shaft and the axle can be fixed together by bolts.
  • the axle made of the tube body further reduces the overall weight of the balance vehicle, reduces the material used, is convenient to carry and transport, and reduces the production cost.
  • the installation structure of the motor shaft and the axle makes the structure more compact.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is one of the exploded structure diagrams of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is the second schematic diagram of the explosive structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the mounting seat of the present invention.
  • a balance car includes an axle 1, two ends of the axle 1 are connected with wheels 2, and the two wheels 2 are connected together by an axle 1.
  • the design of one axle 1 makes the balance car travel The time is more stable, and the balance car with the above structure does not need a large body to realize the balance control requirements during the work of the balance car, and provides a basis for reducing the volume of the balance car.
  • a first car body 3 is arranged between the two wheels 2.
  • the first car body 3 is rotatably arranged on the axle 1, and the first car body 3 can rotate back and forth around the axle 1, and the first car body 3 rotates.
  • the body 3 leans forward or backward, and the speed and direction of the wheels 2 are controlled by the inclination angle of the first vehicle body 3.
  • the leaf spring 9 acts between the first car body 3 and the axle 1.
  • the leaf spring 9 forces the first car body 3 to maintain a certain angle with respect to the axle 1.
  • the steel plate The spring 9 can drive the first vehicle body 3 to restore or maintain the initial position, so the balance vehicle has the advantages of simple structure, easy assembly and good rebound effect.
  • the leaf spring 9 can be directly fixed on the side of the axle 1 and erected on the first car body 3. There is a gap between the leaf spring 9 and the first car body, so as to realize the leaf spring 9 when the first car body 3 rotates on the axle 1 When the elastic deformation occurs and the external force is removed, the leaf spring 9 drives the first vehicle body 3 to reset.
  • a swing arm 7 is provided on the axle 1, and the swing arm 7 can be a plane part opened on the side of the axle 1 or a flat plate welded on the side of the axle 1.
  • the leaf spring 9 is erected on the first car body 3, the middle of the leaf spring 9 is suspended, the swing arm 7 is equivalent to the "cam” function, the swing arm 7 abuts on the leaf spring 9 to drive the leaf spring 9 to be elastic
  • the swing arm 7 can drive the leaf spring 9 to undergo elastic deformation.
  • a second car body 4 is fixedly arranged on the axle 1, and the second car body 4 is arranged between two wheels 2.
  • the two wheels 2, the first car body 3 and the second car body 4 are arranged side by side on the axle 1
  • the first vehicle body 3 includes a first pedal 31, and the second vehicle body 4 includes a second pedal 41.
  • the first pedal 31 and the second pedal 41 respectively correspond to the feet of the user, and the feet of the user can be stepped on respectively.
  • the first vehicle body 3 and the second vehicle body 4 are controlled to tilt forward and backward by feet.
  • the leaf spring 9 forces the first pedal 31 and the second pedal 41 to remain on the same plane.
  • the second car body 4 is fixedly arranged on the axle 1, which is convenient for the user to stand on the second car body 4 with one foot.
  • the user can first step on the second pedal 41 with one foot.
  • the first pedal 31 and the second pedal 41 are on the same plane without external force.
  • the foot on the second pedal 41 can adjust the first pedal 31
  • the position is convenient for the user to step on the first pedal 31 with the other foot of the user. Therefore, the balance bike has the advantages of easy handling and simple operation.
  • a second sensor group 6 is fixedly arranged in the cavity between the second top cover 42 and the second bottom cover 43.
  • the second sensor group 6 also includes an acceleration sensor and a gyroscope.
  • the second sensor group 6 is electrically connected to the other In the in-wheel motor, when the second vehicle body 4 is tilted back and forth, the second sensor group 6 detects the inclination angle of the second vehicle body 4 and controls the speed direction and speed of the in-wheel motor corresponding to the wheel 2.
  • a battery 10 is also fixedly arranged in the inner cavity between the second top cover 42 and the second bottom cover 43, and the battery 10 is electrically connected to the first sensor group 5, the second sensor group 6, and the two in-wheel motors.
  • the second vehicle body 4 includes a second top cover 42 and a second bottom cover 43, the second top cover 42 is fixedly arranged on the second bottom cover 43, and the axle 1 penetrates between the second top cover 42 and the second bottom cover 43. In between, the second top cover 42 and the second bottom cover 43 cooperate to form a hollow inner cavity.
  • a supporting plate 44 is also fixedly provided on the axle 1, and the supporting plate 44 is specifically welded to the side of the axle 1, and the supporting plate 44 is arranged in an inner cavity between the second top cover 42 and the second bottom cover 43,
  • the second pedal 41 is fixedly arranged on the upper end of the second top cover 42, and the supporting plate 44 is also fixedly arranged on the lower end of the second top cover 42.
  • the supporting plate 44 is provided with a slot 441.
  • a plug 421 is formed at the lower end, and the plug 421 is inserted into the slot 441, so that the supporting plate 44 and the second top cover 42 are fixed, and the supporting plate 44 serves to fix the second body 4 on the axle 1 and raise the The role of the load-bearing capacity of the second car body 4.
  • the swing arm 7 is symmetrically arranged on the axle 1, and the swing arm 7 is specifically arranged symmetrically about the axis of the axle 1.
  • the leaf spring 9 is also arranged symmetrically about the axis of the axle.
  • the middle part of the leaf spring 9 is suspended, and the two ends of the leaf spring 9 respectively abut Attached to the first car body 3, the leaf spring 9 forces the swing arm 7 to fit in the middle of the leaf spring 9.
  • the first car body 3 leans forward or backward to drive the leaf spring 9 to elastically deform, and when the first car body 3 In the initial position, the swing arm 7 and the leaf spring 9 are in surface contact, and the first car body 3 is kept in the initial position more steadily.
  • the first car body 3 leans forward or backward, it needs to overcome the elasticity of the leaf spring 9 The force is consistent, so that the force required for the first vehicle body 3 to lean forward or backward is consistent, and the rotation of the first vehicle body 3 is more stable and comfortable.
  • the overall structure of the swing arm 7 is flat, the swing arm 7 is located on the rotation path of the first vehicle body 3, the swing arm 7 is all located outside the side of the axle 1, and the swing arm 7 functions to limit the first vehicle body 3 relative to the axle. 1 The role of rotation angle.
  • the axle 1 is made of a tube body, which further reduces the overall weight of the balance vehicle and reduces materials used, facilitates carrying and transportation, and reduces production costs.
  • the wheels 2 each include a driving device.
  • the driving device is a hub motor.
  • the hub motor has a motor shaft 21.
  • the two motor shafts 21 are inserted at both ends of the axle 1.
  • the motor shaft 21 and the axle 1 can be fixed together by bolts, so that The overall structure is more compact and the assembly is firmer.
  • the axle 1 is provided with a through hole 11, the motor shaft 21 is fixedly provided with a connecting plate 8, and the connecting plate 8 can be welded to the motor shaft 21, and the connecting plate 8 is provided with a threaded hole 81, which is opposite to the through hole. 11. Since the axle 1 is made of a tube body, the wall thickness is relatively thin, it is not convenient to open a threaded hole 81 on the tube wall of the axle 1, and a connecting plate 8 is externally provided so that the motor shaft 21 can be fixed on the axle 1 by bolts .
  • the bolts can fix the motor shaft 21 on the axle 1 through the threaded holes 81 and the through holes 11.
  • the bolts are connected to the motor shaft 21 by pressing and inserting.
  • the motor shaft 21 is provided with a recess.
  • the bolt is pressed into the groove 211 by pressing, so as to fix the motor shaft 21 on the axle 1.
  • any connecting plate 8 is provided with two threaded holes 81.
  • the axle 1 is provided with two pairs of through holes 11, and the two pairs of through holes 11 correspond to the two connecting plates 8 respectively.
  • the first vehicle body 3 includes a mounting seat 34.
  • the mounting seat 34 is provided with a mounting groove 341.
  • the leaf spring 9 is erected in the mounting groove 341.
  • the middle part of the leaf spring 9 is suspended.
  • the cross section of the mounting groove 341 and the length of the leaf spring 9 The outer contour is consistent, and the leaf spring 9 is prevented from shaking in the installation groove 341.
  • the middle of the bottom surface of the installation groove 341 is recessed, the positions on both sides of the bottom surface of the installation groove 341 are higher than the position of the middle of the bottom surface of the installation groove 341, and the bottom surface of the installation groove 341 is specifically a "V" shape, so that the leaf spring 9 is erected in the installation groove In 341, there is a gap between the middle of the bottom surface of the installation groove 341 and the leaf spring 9.
  • the swing arm 7 drives the leaf spring 9 to deform, the leaf spring 9 leans against the middle of the bottom surface of the installation groove 341, and the middle of the bottom surface of the installation groove 341 and The gap between the leaf springs 9 becomes smaller.
  • the distance between the outer end of the swing arm 7 and the axle 1 is greater than the distance between the middle of the bottom surface of the mounting groove 341 and the axle 1, so that the bottom surface of the mounting groove 341 defines the rotation angle of the first vehicle body 3 to avoid the first vehicle body 3
  • the problem that the angle of rotation is too large causes the leaf spring 9 to exceed the elastic limit or the swing arm 7 separates from the leaf spring 9.
  • the swing arm 7 is arranged in the mounting groove 341, the two sides of the swing arm 7 abut on the inner wall of the mounting groove 341, and the swing arm 7 axially fixes the mounting seat 34 on the axle 1, so that the first car body 3 axle It is fixed on the axle 1, and the first vehicle body 3 can only rotate about the axle 1.
  • the mounting seat 34 is provided with a half-shaft hole 342, the half-shaft hole 342 is fixedly provided with a bearing 35, the half-shaft hole 342 and the bearing 35 cooperate to form a shaft hole, and the axle 1 is fitted between the half-shaft hole 342 and the bearing 35
  • the first car body 3 is rotatably arranged on the axle 1 through the bearing 35 and the mounting seat 34.
  • the bearing 35 is made of a wear-resistant material with a lubricating effect, which achieves the characteristics of improving friction performance and improving smoothness of movement.
  • the first vehicle body 3 includes a first top cover 32 and a first bottom cover 33, the first top cover 32 is fixedly arranged on the first bottom cover 33, and the axle 1 penetrates between the first top cover 32 and the first bottom cover 33 In between, the first top cover 32 and the first bottom cover 33 cooperate to form a hollow inner cavity.
  • the mounting seat 34 and the bearing shell 35 are arranged in the inner cavity between the first top cover 32 and the first bottom cover 33.
  • the first pedal 31 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the first top cover 32
  • the mounting seat 34 is fixedly arranged on the lower end of the first top cover 32
  • the bearing shell 35 is fixedly arranged between the first top cover 32 and the axle 1, when the first pedal 31 When the user is standing on top, the bearing 35 and the mounting seat 34 bear the main load.
  • a first sensor group 5 is fixedly arranged in the cavity between the first top cover 32 and the first bottom cover 33.
  • the first sensor group 5 includes an acceleration sensor and a gyroscope.
  • the first sensor group 5 is electrically connected to a hub motor.
  • the first sensor group 5 detects the tilt angle of the first vehicle body 3 and controls the speed direction and speed of the in-wheel motor corresponding to the wheel 2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Motorcycle And Bicycle Frame (AREA)

Abstract

一种平衡车，旨在克服现有技术中平衡车结构复杂、装配繁琐的问题，它包括车轴（1），车轴（1）的两端连接有车轮（2），两个车轮（2）之间设置有可转动的第一车体（3），第一车体（3）可在车轴（1）上前后转动，该平衡车还包括钢板弹簧（9），钢板弹簧（9）作用在第一车体（3）和车轴（1）之间，钢板弹簧（9）迫使第一车体（3）相对车轴（1）保持在一定角度上。

Description

一种平衡车 技术领域
本发明属于交通工具，特指一种平衡车。
背景技术
电动平衡车，又叫体感车、思维车、摄位车等，主要有独轮和双轮两类。其运作原理主要是建立在一种被称为“动态稳定”(DynamicStabilization)的基本原理上，利用车体内部的陀螺仪和加速度传感器，来检测车体姿态的变化，并利用伺服控制系统，精确地驱动电机进行相应的调整，以保持踏板的平衡。该陀螺仪板固定于车体内部，与水平面平行。当驾驶者身体前倾时，车子就会前行，当身体后仰时就会后退。平衡车是现代人用来作为代步工具、休闲娱乐的一种新型的绿色环保的产物。
申请公布号“CN105460130A”的中国发明申请公开了一种平衡车，包括第一车轮、第二车轮、连接轴、第一脚踏机构、第二脚踏机构、角运动检测机构和控制机构，所述第一车轮和第二车轮分别独立且可旋转地设置于所述连接轴上，所述第一脚踏机构和第二脚踏机构分别可旋转地设置于所述连接轴上，所述第一脚踏机构与第一车轮配接，所述第二脚踏机构与第二车轮配接，所述角运动检测机构分别设置于第一脚踏机构和第二脚踏机构上，脚踏依靠弹簧进行复位。本发明的平衡车具有控制方便、易推广、安全性高和体积小的优点。
然而现有技术不够完善，弹簧结构为了让踏板在撤去外力或无外力作用时恢复或保持在一定角度上，限位部和踏板前后两侧均必须设置弹簧，这造成了平衡车结构复杂、装配繁琐的问题。
发明内容
为克服现有技术的不足及存在的问题，本发明提供一种结构简单、回弹效果好的平衡车。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种平衡车，包括车轴，车轴的两端连接有车轮，两个车轮之间设置有可转 动的第一车体，第一车体可在车轴上前后转动，还包括钢板弹簧，钢板弹簧作用在第一车体和车轴之间，钢板弹簧迫使第一车体相对车轴保持在一定角度上。
采用上述结构后，钢板弹簧作用在第一车体和车轴之间，第一车体转动时，钢板弹簧发生弹性形变，撤去外力或无外力作用后，钢板弹簧可带动第一车体恢复或保持在初始位置，因此本平衡车具有结构简单、便于装配和回弹效果好的优点。
作为优选，所述车轴上固定设置有第二车体，第一车体和第二车体并排设置在两个车轮之间。
采用上述结构后，使用本平衡车时，第二车体固定设置在车轴上，方便使用者单脚站稳在第二车体上，使用者可先一只脚踩踏在第二车体上，第一车体在无外力作用下和相对第二车体静止，在第二车体上的脚可调整第一车体的位置，方便使用者的另一只脚再踩踏到第一车体上，因此本平衡车具有上手容易、操作简单的优点。
作为优选，所述第二车体包括第二顶盖和第二底盖，第二顶盖固定设置在第二底盖上，车轴穿设于第二顶盖和第二底盖之间，第二顶盖和车轴之间固定设置有承托板。
采用上述结构后，承托板起到将第一车体固定在车轴上和提高第一车体的承重能力的作用。
作为优选，所述车轴上设置有摆臂，钢板弹簧架设在第一车体上，当第一车体在车轴上转动时，摆臂可带动钢板弹簧发生弹性形变。
采用上述结构后，车轴上的摆臂作用在钢板弹簧上，摆臂相当于“凸轮”的作用，在撤去外力或无外力作用下，钢板弹簧可带动第一车体恢复或保持在初始位置，因此本平衡车具有结构简单、定位准确、便于装配和回弹效果好的优点。
作为优选，所述摆臂和钢板弹簧分别关于车轴对称设置，钢板弹簧的两端抵接在第一车体上，钢板弹簧的中部悬空，钢板弹簧迫使摆臂贴合在钢板弹簧的中部。
采用上述结构后，当第一车体在初始位置时，摆臂和钢板弹簧面接触在一起，第一车体更加平稳地保持在初始位置，而第一车体前倾还是后倾，所需克服钢板弹簧的弹性力一致，使得第一车体前倾还是后倾所需的力一致，保证了转动第一 车体的更加平稳和舒适。
作为优选，所述摆臂位于第一车体的转动路径上，摆臂起到限定第一车体相对车轴转动角度的作用。
采用上述结构后，摆臂限定了第一车体的转动角度，避免第一车体转动角度过大导致钢板弹簧超出弹性极限或摆臂脱离钢板弹簧的问题。
作为优选，所述第一车体上开设有安装槽，钢板弹簧架设在安装槽内。
采用上述结构，具有结构紧凑、便于装配、安装牢固的优点。
作为优选，所述第一车体包括安装座，安装座上开设有半轴孔，半轴孔上设置有轴瓦，车轴适配在半轴孔和轴瓦之间。
采用上述结构后，第一车体通过轴瓦和安装座转动设置在车轴上，达到改善摩擦性能、提高运动平顺性的特点。
作为优选，所述安装槽底面的中部凹陷，摆臂的外端和车轴之间的距离大于安装槽底面的中部和车轴之间的距离。
采用上述结构后，安装槽的底面限定了第一车体的转动角度，避免第一车体转动角度过大导致钢板弹簧超出弹性极限或摆臂脱离钢板弹簧的问题，也进一步提高了结构的紧凑性。
作为优选，所述车轴采用管体制成，车轮包括电机轴，电机轴插设在车轴内，电机轴和车轴可通过螺栓固定在一起。
采用上述结构后，采用管体制成的车轴进一步降低本平衡车的整体重量和减少用料，便于携带和运输，降低生产成本，电机轴和车轴的安装结构使得结构进一步紧凑。
附图说明
图1是本发明的立体结构示意图；
图2是本发明的爆炸结构示意图之一；
图3是本发明的爆炸结构示意图之二；
图4是本发明的剖面结构示意图；
图5是本发明的安装座的剖面结构示意图；
图中：1-车轴、2-车轮、3-第一车体、4-第二车体、5-第一传感器组、6-第二 传感器组、7-摆臂、8-连接板、9-钢板弹簧、10-电池、11-通孔、21-电机轴、31-第一踏板、32-第一顶盖、33-第一底盖、34-安装座、35-轴瓦、41-第二踏板、42-第二顶盖、43-第二底盖、44-承托板、81-螺纹孔、211-凹槽、341-安装槽、342-半轴孔、421-插头、441-插槽。
具体实施方式
为了便于本领域技术人员的理解，下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步描述。
如图1至图5所示，一种平衡车，包括车轴1，车轴1的两端连接有车轮2，两个车轮2通过一个车轴1连接在一起，一根车轴1的设计使得平衡车行驶时更加稳定，并且具有上述结构的平衡车不需要很大的车体即可实现平衡车工作时对平衡的控制要求，为减小平衡车的体积提供基础。
两个车轮2之间设置有第一车体3，第一车体3可转动地设置在车轴1上，第一车体3可绕车轴1前后转动，转动第一车体3，第一车体3前倾或后倾，通过第一车体3的倾斜角度控制车轮2的速度大小和方向。
还包括钢板弹簧9，钢板弹簧9作用在第一车体3和车轴1之间，钢板弹簧9迫使第一车体3相对车轴1保持在一定角度上，在撤去外力或无外力作用下，钢板弹簧9可带动第一车体3恢复或保持在初始位置，因此本平衡车具有结构简单、便于装配和回弹效果好的优点。
钢板弹簧9可直接固定在车轴1的侧面并架设在第一车体3上，钢板弹簧9和第一车体之间存在间隙，从而实现第一车体3在车轴1上转动时钢板弹簧9发生弹性形变和撤去外力时钢板弹簧9带动第一车体3复位。
而在本实施例中采用以下方式实现弹性形变和弹性复位：所述车轴1上设置有摆臂7，摆臂7可以直接是开设在车轴1侧面的平面部分或焊接在车轴1的侧面的平板，钢板弹簧9架设在第一车体3上，钢板弹簧9的中部悬空，摆臂7相当于“凸轮”的作用，摆臂7抵接在钢板弹簧9上，起到带动钢板弹簧9发生弹性形变的作用，当第一车体3相对车轴1转动时，摆臂7可带动钢板弹簧9发生弹性形变。
所述车轴1上固定设置有第二车体4，第二车体4设置在两个车轮2之间，两个车轮2、第一车体3和第二车体4并排设置在车轴1上，第一车体3包括第一踏板31，第二车体4包括第二踏板41，第一踏板31和第二踏板41分别对应于使用者的双脚， 使用者的双脚可分别踩踏在第一踏板31和第二踏板41上，从而通过脚控制第一车体3和第二车体4前后倾斜。
钢板弹簧9迫使第一踏板31和第二踏板41保持在同一平面上，使用本平衡车时，第二车体4固定设置在车轴1上，方便使用者单脚站稳在第二车体4上，使用者可先一只脚踩踏在第二踏板41上，第一踏板31在无外力作用下和第二踏板41处于同一平面，在第二踏板41上的脚可调整第一踏板31的位置，方便使用者的另一只脚再踩踏到第一踏板31上，因此本平衡车具有上手容易、操作简单的优点。
第二顶盖42和第二底盖43之间的内腔中固定设置有第二传感器组6，第二传感器组6也包括加速度传感器和陀螺仪等，第二传感器组6电连接在另一轮毂电机上，当第二车体4发生前后倾斜时，第二传感器组6检测第二车体4的倾斜角度并控制对应车轮2的轮毂电机的速度方向和速度大小。
第二顶盖42和第二底盖43之间的内腔中还固定设置有电池10，电池10电连接在第一传感器组5、第二传感器组6、两个轮毂电机上。
第二车体4包括第二顶盖42和第二底盖43，第二顶盖42固定设置在第二底盖43上，车轴1穿设于第二顶盖42和第二底盖43之间，第二顶盖42和第二底盖43配合形成中空的内腔。
车轴1上还固定设置有承托板44，承托板44具体地焊接在车轴1的侧面上，承托板44设置在第二顶盖42和第二底盖43之间的内腔中，第二踏板41固定设置在第二顶盖42的上端，承托板44还固定设置第二顶盖42的下端，具体地，承托板44上开设有插槽441，第二顶盖42的下端形成有插头421，插头421插设在插槽441内，从而承托板44和第二顶盖42相固定，承托板44起到将第二车体4固定在车轴1上和提高第二车体4的承重能力的作用。
所述摆臂7对称设置在车轴1上，摆臂7具体地关于车轴1的轴线对称设置，钢板弹簧9也关于车轴的轴线对称设置，钢板弹簧9的中部悬空，钢板弹簧9两端分别抵接在第一车体3上，钢板弹簧9迫使摆臂7贴合在钢板弹簧9中部，第一车体3前倾还是后倾均可带动钢板弹簧9发生弹性形变，而当第一车体3在初始位置时，摆臂7和钢板弹簧9面接触在一起，第一车体3更加平稳地保持在初始位置，第一车体3前倾还是后倾，所需克服钢板弹簧9的弹性力一致，使得第一车体3前倾还是后倾所需的力一致，保证了转动第一车体3的更加平稳和舒适。
所述摆臂7的整体结构呈平板状，摆臂7位于第一车体3的转动路径上，摆臂7 全部位于车轴1的侧面外，摆臂7起到限定第一车体3相对车轴1转动角度的作用。
所述车轴1采用管体制成，进一步降低本平衡车的整体重量和减少用料，便于携带和运输，降低生产成本。
车轮2均包括驱动装置，驱动装置为轮毂电机，轮毂电机带有电机轴21，两个电机轴21分别插设在车轴1的两端，电机轴21和车轴1可通过螺栓固定在一起，使得整体结构进一步紧凑和装配更加牢固。
所述车轴1上开设有通孔11，电机轴21上固定设置有连接板8，连接板8可焊接在电机轴21上，连接板8上开设有螺纹孔81，螺纹孔81正对于通孔11，由于车轴1采用管体制成，壁厚较薄，不便于在车轴1的管壁上开设螺纹孔81，通过外设一个连接板8的方式使得电机轴21可通过螺栓固定在车轴1上。
螺栓可通过螺纹孔81、通孔11将电机轴21固定设置在车轴1上，螺栓通过压紧、插接的方式连接在电机轴21上，在本实施例中，电机轴21上开设有凹槽211，螺栓通过压紧的方式抵紧在凹槽211内，从而将电机轴21固定在车轴1上。
连接板8为两个，两个连接板8分别对应于两个电机轴21，从而将两个电机轴21分别固定设置在车轴1的两端，任意连接板8上均开设有两个螺纹孔81，车轴1上开设有两对通孔11，两对通孔11分别对应于两个连接板8。
所述第一车体3包括安装座34，安装座34上开设有安装槽341，钢板弹簧9架设在安装槽341内，钢板弹簧9的中部悬空，安装槽341的横截面和钢板弹簧9的外轮廓一致，避免钢板弹簧9在安装槽341内晃动，采用上述结构具有便于装配、安装牢固的优点。
所述安装槽341底面的中部凹陷，安装槽341底面两侧的位置高于安装槽341底面中部的位置，安装槽341的底面具体地为“V”字型，从而钢板弹簧9架设在安装槽341内，安装槽341的底面中部和钢板弹簧9之间留有间隙，当摆臂7带动钢板弹簧9发生形变时，钢板弹簧9靠向安装槽341底面的中部，安装槽341底面的中部和钢板弹簧9之间的间隙变小。
摆臂7的外端和车轴1之间的距离大于安装槽341底面的中部和车轴1之间的距离，从而安装槽341的底面限定了第一车体3的转动角度，避免第一车体3转动角度过大导致钢板弹簧9超出弹性极限或摆臂7脱离钢板弹簧9的问题。
所述摆臂7设置在安装槽341内，摆臂7的两侧抵接在安装槽341的内壁上，摆臂7将安装座34轴向固定在车轴1上，从而第一车体3轴向固定在车轴1上，第一车 体3仅可以绕车轴1进行转动。
所述安装座34上开设有半轴孔342，半轴孔342上固定设置有轴瓦35，半轴孔342和轴瓦35配合形成轴孔，车轴1适配在半轴孔342和轴瓦35之间，第一车体3通过轴瓦35和安装座34转动设置在车轴1上，轴瓦35采用具有润滑效果的耐磨材料制成，达到改善摩擦性能、提高运动平顺性的特点。
第一车体3包括第一顶盖32和第一底盖33，第一顶盖32固定设置在第一底盖33上，车轴1穿设于第一顶盖32和第一底盖33之间，第一顶盖32和第一底盖33配合形成中空的内腔。
安装座34、轴瓦35设置在第一顶盖32和第一底盖33之间的内腔中。第一踏板31固定设置在第一顶盖32的上端，安装座34固定设置在第一顶盖32的下端，轴瓦35固定设置在第一顶盖32和车轴1之间，当第一踏板31上站着使用者时，轴瓦35和安装座34承担着主要的载荷。
第一顶盖32和第一底盖33之间的内腔中固定设置有第一传感器组5，第一传感器组5包括加速度传感器和陀螺仪等，第一传感器组5电连接在一轮毂电机上，当第一车体3发生前后倾斜时，第一传感器组5检测第一车体3的倾斜角度并控制对应车轮2的轮毂电机的速度方向和速度大小。
上述实施例仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并非依此限制本发明的保护范围，故：凡依本发明的结构、形状、原理所做的等效变化，均应涵盖于本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种平衡车，包括车轴(1)，车轴(1)的两端连接有车轮(2)，两个车轮(2)之间设置有可转动的第一车体(3)，第一车体(3)可在车轴(1)上前后转动，其特征在于，还包括钢板弹簧(9)，钢板弹簧(9)作用在第一车体(3)和车轴(1)之间，钢板弹簧(9)迫使第一车体(3)相对车轴(1)保持在一定角度上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种平衡车，其特征在于，所述车轴(1)上固定设置有第二车体(4)，第一车体(3)和第二车体(4)并排设置在两个车轮(2)之间。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种平衡车，其特征在于，所述第二车体(4)包括第二顶盖(42)和第二底盖(43)，第二顶盖(42)固定设置在第二底盖(43)上，车轴(1)穿设于第二顶盖(42)和第二底盖(43)之间，第二顶盖(42)和车轴(1)之间固定设置有承托板(44)。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种平衡车，其特征在于，所述车轴(1)上设置有摆臂(7)，钢板弹簧(9)架设在第一车体(3)上，当第一车体(3)在车轴(1)上转动时，摆臂(7)可带动钢板弹簧(9)发生弹性形变。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种平衡车，其特征在于，所述摆臂(7)和钢板弹簧(9)分别关于车轴(1)对称设置，钢板弹簧(9)的两端抵接在第一车体(3)上，钢板弹簧(9)的中部悬空，钢板弹簧(9)迫使摆臂(7)贴合在钢板弹簧(9)的中部。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的一种平衡车，其特征在于，所述摆臂(7)位于第一车体(3)的转动路径上，摆臂(7)起到限定第一车体(3)相对车轴(1)转动角度的作用。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的一种平衡车，其特征在于，所述第一车体(3)上开设有安装槽(341)，钢板弹簧(9)架设在安装槽(341)内。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种平衡车，其特征在于，所述安装槽(341)底面的中部凹陷，摆臂(7)的外端和车轴(1)之间的距离大于安装槽(341)底面的中部和车轴(1)之间的距离。
  9. 根据权利要求1或7或8中任一项所述的一种平衡车，其特征在于，所述第一车体(3)包括安装座(34)，安装座(34)上开设有半轴孔(342)，半轴孔(342)上设置有轴瓦(35)，车轴(1)适配在半轴孔(342)和轴瓦(35)之间。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的一种平衡车，其特征在于，所述车轴(1)采用管体制成，车轮(2)包括电机轴(21)，电机轴(21)插设在车轴(1)内，电机轴(21)和车轴(1)可通过螺栓固定在一起。
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